UNISONIC TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD TDA2030A LINEAR INTEGRATED CIRCUIT 18W HI-FI AUDIO AMPLIFIER AND 35W DRIVER DESCRIPTION The UTC TDA2030A is a monolithic IC intended for use as low frequency class AB amplifier. With Vs=max=44V it is particularly suited for more reliable applications without regulated supply and for 35W driver circuits using low-cost complementary pairs. The UTC TDA2030A provides high output current and has very low harmonic and cross-over distortion. Further the device incorporates a short circuit protection system comprising and arrangement for automatically limiting the dissipated power so as to keep the working point of the output transistors within their safe operating area. A conventional thermal shut-down system is also included. *Pb-free plating product number: TDA2030AL ORDERING INFORMATION Ordering Number Normal Lead Free Plating TDA2030A-TA5-T TDA2030AL-TA5-T TDA2030A-TB5-T TDA2030AL-TB5-T Package Packing TO-220-5 TO-220B Tube Tube TDA2030AL-TA5-T (1)Packing Type (2)Package Type (3)Lead Plating (1) T: Tube (2) TA5: TO-220-5, TB5: TO-220B (3) L: Lead Free Plating, Blank: Pb/Sn PIN CONFIGURATION PIN NO. 1 2 3 4 5 PIN NAME Non inverting input Inverting input -VS Output +VS www.unisonic.com.tw Copyright © 2007 Unisonic Technologies Co., Ltd 1 of 14 QW-R107-005,C TDA2030A LINEAR INTEGRATED CIRCUIT ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS (Ta=25°C) PARAMETER SYMBOL RATINGS UNIT Supply Voltage Vs ±22 V Input Voltage VIN Vs V Differential Input Voltage VI(DIFF) ±15 V Peak Output Current(internally limited) IOUT 3.5 A Total Power Dissipation at Tc=90°C PD 20 W Junction Temperature TJ -40 ~ +150 °C Storage Temperature TSTG -40 ~ +150 °C Note: Absolute maximum ratings are those values beyond which the device could be permanently damaged. Absolute maximum ratings are stress ratings only and functional device operation is not implied. ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (Refer to the test circuit, Vs =±16V, Ta=25°C) PARAMETER Supply Voltage Quiescent Drain Current Input Bias Current Input Offset Voltage Input Offset Current Power Bandwidth Output Power Open Loop Voltage Gain Closed Loop Voltage Gain Distortion SYMBOL TEST CONDITIONS Vs IQ II(BIAS) Vs=±22V VI(OFF) II(OFF) BW POUT =15W,RL=4Ω POUT Gvo Gvc d Second Order CCIF Intermodulation distortion Third Order CCIF Intermodulation Distortion Slew rate SR Signal to Noise Ratio S/N d2 d3 Input Noise Voltage eN Input Noise Current iN Input Resistance (pin 1) RIN Supply Voltage Rejection Thermal Shut-Down Junction Temperature SVR d=0.5%,Gv=26dB, f=40Hz to 15KHz 50 0.2 ±2 ±20 100 TJ UNIT V mA µA mV nA KHz 18 W RL=8Ω 10 12 W Vs=±19V, RL=8Ω 13 16 W 25.5 80 26 dB dB 26.5 0.08 % 0.03 % 0.5 % 0.03 % 0.08 % 8 V/µ sec POUT =15W 106 dB POUT =1W 94 dB f1=14KHz, f2=15KHz B=curve A B= 22Hz to 22KHz B=curve A B= 22Hz to 22KHz Open loop, f=1KHz RL=4Ω, Gv=26dB Rg=22KΩ, f=100Hz MAX ±22 80 2 ±20 ±200 15 POUT =0.1 to 14W, RL=4Ω f=40Hz to 15KHz POUT =0.1 to 14W, RL=4Ω f=1kHz POUT =0.1 to 9W, RL=8Ω f=40Hz to 15KHz POUT =4W, RL=4Ω f2-f1=1KHz RL=4Ω, Rg=10kΩ, B=curve A TYP RL=4Ω f=1kHz UNISONIC TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD www.unisonic.com.tw MIN ±6 0.5 2 3 50 80 5 10 200 µV pA MΩ 54 dB 145 °C 2 of 14 QW-R107-005,C TDA2030A LINEAR INTEGRATED CIRCUIT APPLICATION CIRCUIT UNISONIC TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD www.unisonic.com.tw 3 of 14 QW-R107-005,C TDA2030A LINEAR INTEGRATED CIRCUIT TEST CIRCUIT +Vs VIN C5 220 F C1 1 F C3 100nF D1 1N4001 1 5 R3 22k UTC 4 TDA2030A 2 3 R4 1 R1 13k R3 680 RL D1 1N4001 C6 100 C2 22 F C4 100nF F C7 220nF -Vs SINGLE SUPPLY AMPLIFIER +Vs 0.1 F 220 F 100k VIN 2.2 F 1N4001 1 5 100k 22 F 100k UTC TDA2030A 2 4 3 100k R C 2200 F 4.7k 2.2 F UNISONIC TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD www.unisonic.com.tw R4 1 1N4001 C7 220nF RL=4 4 of 14 QW-R107-005,C TDA2030A TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS Open Loop Frequency Response Output Power vs. Supply Voltage 140 24 90 60 0 Gain 20 -20 -60 Phase Gv(dB) 100 Output Power, PoUT (W) 180 Phase Gv=26dB d=0.5% f=40 to 15kHz 20 RL=4 16 RL=8 12 8 4 1 10 2 10 3 10 4 10 5 10 6 10 7 10 24 28 Total Harmonic Distortion vs. Output Power 36 40 PoUT (W) Total Harmonic Distortion, d( % ) 2 10 1 10 Gv=26dB 0 10 Vs=38V RL=8 f=15kHz -1 10 Vs=32V RL=4 f=1kHz -2 10 -2 10 -1 10 0 10 44 Two Tone CCIF Intermodulation Distortion 2 10 Total Harmonic Distortion, d( % ) 32 Supply Voltage, Vs (V) Frequency (Hz) 1 10 1 10 Order (2f1-f2) -1 10 Order (2f2-f1) -2 10 2 10 Vs=32V PoUT=4W RL=4 Gv=26dB 0 10 1 10 2 10 Output Power, PoUT (W) 3 10 4 10 5 10 Frequency (Hz) Maximum Allowable Power Dissipation vs. Ambient Temperture Large Signal Frequency Response 30 30 25 Vs=±15V RL=4 20 15 10 5 25 20 he a Rt tsin h= k h 4° av C/ in he W g ats Rt ink h h= a 8°C vin /W g 15 10 ink ats he te ini g inf vin ha ink C/W ats 5° he ty=2 R Maximum Allowable Power Dissipation, PD (W) Vs=±15V RL=8 Vo(Vp-p) LINEAR INTEGRATED CIRCUIT 5 1 10 2 10 3 10 4 10 Frequency (kHz) UNISONIC TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD www.unisonic.com.tw -50 0 50 100 150 200 Ambient Temperture, Ta (℃) 5 of 14 QW-R107-005,C TDA2030A LINEAR INTEGRATED CIRCUIT 1 5 R2 56k UTC TDA2030A 2 4 3 R5 30k R4 3.3k C4 10 F C8 2200 F R8 1 RL=4 C2 47 F R3 56k 1N4001 R6 1.5 1N4001 R1 56k C5 2200 F /40V C6 0.22 F VIN C1 0.22 F C3 0.22 F +Vs R7 1.5 C7 0.22 F Fig. 1 Single supply high power amplifier TYPICAL PERFORMANCE OF THE CIRCUIT OF FIG. 1 PARAMETER Supply Voltage Quiescent Drain Current Output Power Voltage Gain Slew Rate Total Harmonic Distortion SYMBOL Vs IQ POUT Gv SR d Input Sensitivity VIN Signal to Noise Ratio S/N TEST CONDITIONS Vs=36V d=0.5%, RL=4Ω f=40Hz to 15kHz, Vs=39V d=0.5%, RL=4Ω f=40Hz to 15kHz, Vs=36V d=10%, f=1kHz, RL=4Ω, Vs=39V d=10%,RL=4Ω f=1kHz,Vs=36V f=1kHz POUT=20W, f=1kHz POUT=20W, f=40Hz to 15kHz Gv=20dB, POUT=20W, f=1kHz, RL=4Ω RL=4Ω, Rg=10kΩ B=curve A, POUT=25W RL=4Ω, Rg=10kΩ B=curve A, POUT=4W UNISONIC TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD www.unisonic.com.tw MIN TYP 36 50 MAX 44 UNIT V mA 35 28 W 44 35 19.5 20 8 0.02 0.05 890 20.5 dB V/µsec % % mV 108 100 dB 6 of 14 QW-R107-005,C TDA2030A LINEAR INTEGRATED CIRCUIT TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS(Cont.) Total Harmonic Distortion vs. Output Power Total Harmonic Distortion, d (%) Output Power, PoUT (W) Output Power vs. Supply Voltage 45 35 25 15 5 24 28 32 34 36 Supply Voltage, Vs (V) 40 Vs=36V RL=4 Gv=20dB 10 0 10 -1 f=15kHz f=1kHz 10 -2 10 -1 20 Gv=26dB 15 Gv=20dB 10 5 Power Dssipation vs. Output Power Power Dssipation, PD (W) Output Power, POUT (W) Output Power vs. Input Level 100 101 Output Power, PoUT (W) 20 Complete Amplifier 15 10 UTC TDA2030 5 0 0 100 250 400 550 700 Input Level, Vi (mV) UNISONIC TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD www.unisonic.com.tw 0 8 16 24 32 Output Power, PoUT (W) 7 of 14 QW-R107-005,C TDA2030A LINEAR INTEGRATED CIRCUIT TYPICAL AMPLIFIER WITH SPLIT POWER SUPPLY BRIDGE AMPLIFIER WITH SPLIT POWER SUPPLY (POUT=34W, VS=16V, VS=-16V) UNISONIC TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD www.unisonic.com.tw 8 of 14 QW-R107-005,C TDA2030A LINEAR INTEGRATED CIRCUIT MULTIWAY SPEAKER SYSTEMS AND ACTIVE BOXES Multiway loudspeaker systems provide the best possible acoustic performance since each loudspeaker is specially designed and optimized to handle a limited range of frequencies. Commonly, these loudspeaker systems divide the audio spectrum two or three bands. To maintain a flat frequency response over the Hi-Fi audio range the bands cobered by each loudspeaker must overlap slightly. Imbalance between the loudspeakers produces unacceptable results therefore it is important to ensure that each unit generates the correct amount of acoustic energy for its segments of the audio spectrum. In this respect it is also important to know the energy distribution of the music spectrum to determine the cutoff frequencies of the crossover filters (see Fig. 2). As an example, a 100W three-way system with crossover frequencies of 400Hz and 3KHz would require 50W for the woofer, 35W for the midrange unit and 15W for the tweeter. Both active and passive filters can be used for crossovers but active filters cost significantly less than a good passive filter using aircored inductors and non-electrolytic capacitors. In addition active filters do not suffer from the typical defects of passive filters: --Power less; --Increased impedance seen by the loudspeaker (lower damping) --Difficulty of precise design due to variable loudspeaker impedance. Obviously, active crossovers can only be used if a power amplifier is provide for each drive unit. This makes it particularly interesting and economically sound to use monolithic power amplifiers. In some applications complex filters are not relay necessary and simple RC low-pass and high-pass networks (6dB/octave) can be recommended. The result obtained are excellent because this is the best type of audio filter and the only one free from phase and transient distortion. The rather poor out of band attenuation of single RC filters means that the loudspeaker must operate linearly well beyond the crossover frequency to avoid distortion. A more effective solution is shown in Fig. 3. The proposed circuit can realize combined power amplifiers and 12dB/octave high-pass or low-pass filters. In proactive, at the input pins amplifier two equal and in-phase voltages are available, as required for the active filter operations. The impedance at the Pin (-) is of the order of 100Ω, while that of the Pin (+) is very high, which is also what was wanted. The components values calculated for fc=900Hz using a Bessel 3rd Sallen and Key structure are: C1=C2=C3=22nF, R1=8.2KΩ, R2=5.6KΩ, R3=33KΩ. Using this type of crossover filter, a complete 3-way 60W active loudspeaker system is shown as below. It employs 2nd order Buttherworth filter with the crossover frequencies equal to 300Hz and 3kHz. The midrange section consistors of two filters a high pass circuit followed by a low pass network. With Vs=36V the output power delivered to the woofer is 25W at d=0.06% (30W at d=0.5%).The power delivered to the midrange and UNISONIC TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD www.unisonic.com.tw 9 of 14 QW-R107-005,C TDA2030A LINEAR INTEGRATED CIRCUIT the tweeter can be optimized in the design phase taking in account the loudspeaker efficiency and impedance (RL=4Ω to 8Ω). It is quite common that midrange and tweeter speakers have an efficiency 3dB higher than woofers. 3WAY 60W ACTIVE LOUDSPEAKER SYSTEM (Vs=36V) Vs+ Low-pass 300Hz IN 1 F 2200 F 0.22 F 22k 22k 1 18nF 680 2 33nF 1N4001 1.5 5 BD908 4 UTC TDA2030A 2200 F 0.22 F 3 100 F 22k 1 BD907 4 1.5 100 1N4001 0.22 F 3.3k Woofer Vs+ Band-pass 300Hz to 3kHz 0.22 F 1N4001 0.1 F 0.1 F 22k 22k 1 18nF 3.3k 2 6.8k 5 220 F 4 UTC TDA2030A 1 3 3.3nF 8 0.22 F 1N4001 100 F 2.2k Midrange Vs+ 100 0.22 F High-pass 3KHz Vs+ 3.3nF 22k 1N4001 3.3nF 12k 1 22k 2 5 UTC TDA2030A 100 F 4 1 3 8 1N4001 100 F 0.22 F 22k 47 F 2.2k 100 High-pass 3KHz Tweeter MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS AMPLIFIERS Another important field of application for active system is music. In this area the use of several medium power amplifiers is more convenient than a single high power amplifier, and it is also more reliable. A typical example (see Fig. 4) consist of four amplifiers each driving a low-cost, 12 inch loudspeaker. This application can supply 80 to 160W rms. UNISONIC TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD www.unisonic.com.tw 10 of 14 QW-R107-005,C TDA2030A LINEAR INTEGRATED CIRCUIT TRANSIENT INTER-MODULATION DISTORTION(TIM) Transient inter-modulation distortion is an unfortunate phenomena associated with negative-feedback amplifiers. When a feedback amplifier receives an input signal which rises very steeply, i.e. contains high-frequency components, the feedback can arrive too late so that the amplifiers overloads and a burst of inter-modulation distortion will be produced as in Fig.5. Since transients occur frequently in music this obviously a problem for the designed of audio amplifiers. Unfortunately, heavy negative feedback is frequency used to reduce the total harmonic distortion of an amplifier, which tends to aggravate the transient inter-modulation (TIM situation.) Fig.4 High Power Active Box For Musical Instrument Fig.5 Overshoot Phenomenon In Feedback Amplifiers FEEDBACK PATH 20 to 40W Amplifier ¦ÂV4 INPUT PRE AMPLIFIER V1 V2 V3 POWER AMPLIFIER OUTPUT V4 20 to 40W Amplifier V1 20 to 40W Amplifier 20 to 40W Amplifier V2 V3 V4 The best known method for the measurement of TIM consists of feeding sine waves superimposed onto square wavers, into the amplifier under test. The output spectrum is then examined using a spectrum analyzer and compared to the input. This method suffers from serious disadvantages: the accuracy is limited, the measurement is a tatter delicate operation and an expensive spectrum analyzer is essential. The "inverting-sawtooth" method of measurement is based on the response of an amplifier to a 20KHz saw-tooth wave-form. The amplifier has no difficulty following the slow ramp but it cannot follow the fast edge. The output will follow the upper line in Fig. 6 cutting of the shade area and thus increasing the mean level. If this output signal is filtered to remove the saw-tooth, direct voltage remains which indicates the amount of TIM distortion, although it is difficult to measure because it is indistinguishable from the DC offset of the amplifier. This problem is neatly avoided in the IS-TIM method by periodically inverting the saw-tooth wave-form at a low audio frequency as shown in Fig.7.In the case of the saw-tooth in Fig. 8 the mean level was increased by the TIM distortion, for a saw-tooth in the other direction the opposite is true. SR(V/ s) m2 m1 Input Signal Filtered Output Siganal Fig.6 20kHz Sawtooth Waveform UNISONIC TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD www.unisonic.com.tw Fig. 7 Inverting Sawtooth Waveform 11 of 14 QW-R107-005,C TDA2030A LINEAR INTEGRATED CIRCUIT The result is an AC signal at the output whole peak-to-peak value is the TIM voltage, which can be measured easily with an oscilloscope. If the peak-topeak value of the signal and the peak-to-peak of the inverting sawtooth are measured, the TIM can be found very simply from: TIM = VOUT * 100 .0 1% TI M =1 % =0 .1 % TI M TI M =0 TIM(%) SR(V/μs) Vsawtooth In Fig.8 The experimental results are shown for the 30W amplifier using the UTC TDA2030A as a driver and a low-cost complementary pair. A simple RC filter on the input of the amplifier to limit the maximum signal slope(SS) is an effective way to reduce TIM. The Diagram of Fig.9 can be used to find the Slew-Rate(SR) required for a given output power or voltage and a TIM design target. For example if an anti-TIM filter with a cutoff at 30kHz is used and the max. peak to peak output voltage is 20V then, referring to the diagram, a Slew-Rate of 6V/µs is necessary for 0.1% TIM. As shown Slew-Rates of above 10V/µs do not contribute to a further reduction in TIM. Slew-Rates of 100V/µs are not only useless but also a disadvantage in hi-fi audio amplifiers because they tend to turn the amplifier into a radio receiver. UNISONIC TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD www.unisonic.com.tw 12 of 14 QW-R107-005,C TDA2030A LINEAR INTEGRATED CIRCUIT POWER SUPPLY Using monolithic audio amplifier with non regulated supply correctly. In any working case it must provide a supply voltage less than the maximum value fixed by the IC breakdown voltage. It is essential to take into account all the working conditions, in particular mains fluctuations and supply voltage variations with and without load. The UTC TDA2030A(Vsmax=44V) is particularly suitable for substitution of the standard IC power amplifiers(with Vsmax=36V) for more reliable applications. An example, using a simple full-wave rectifier followed by a capacitor filter, is shown in the table and in the diagram of Fig. 10. A regulated supply is not usually used for the power output stages because of its dimensioning must be done taking into account the power to supply in signal peaks. They are not only a small percentage of the total music signal, with consequently large overdimensioning of the circuit. Even if with a regulated supply higher output power can be obtained(Vs is constant in all working conditions),the additional cost and power dissipation do not usually justify its use. using non-regulated supplies, there are fewer designee restriction. In fact, when signal peaks are present, the capacitor filter acts as a flywheel supplying the required energy. In average conditions, the continuous power supplied is lower. The music power/continuous power ratio is greater in case than for the case of regulated supplied, with space saving and cost reduction. Fig. 10 DC characteristics of 50W non-regulated supply VoUT(V) 34 Ripple 4 32 2 30 Vout Ripple (Vp-p) 36 220V VoUT 3300 F 0 28 0 Mains(220V) +20% +15% +10% -10% -15% -20% 0.4 0.8 1.2 1.6 IoUT(A) 2.0 Secondary Voltage 28.8V 27.6V 26.4V 24V 21.6V 20.4V 19.2V UNISONIC TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD www.unisonic.com.tw Io=0 43.2V 41.4V 39.6V 36.2V 32.4V 30.6V 28.8V DC Output Voltage(Vo) Io=0.1A 42V 40.3V 38.5V 35V 31.5V 29.8V 28V Io=1A 37.5V 35.8V 34.2V 31V 27.8V 26V 24.3V 13 of 14 QW-R107-005,C TDA2030A LINEAR INTEGRATED CIRCUIT SHORT CIRCUIT PROTECTION The UTC TDA2030A has an original circuit which limits the current of the output transistors. This function can be considered as being peak power limiting rather than simple current limiting. It reduces the possibility that the device gets damaged during an accidental short circuit from AC output to Ground. THERMAL SHUT-DOWN The presence of a thermal limiting circuit offers the following advantages: 1).An overload on the output (even if it is permanent), or an above limit ambient temperature can be easily supported since the TJ can not be higher than 150°C 2).The heatsink can have a smaller factor of safety compared with that of a congenital circuit, There is no possibility of device damage due to high junction temperature increase up to 150°C, the thermal shut-down simply reduces the power dissipation and the current consumption. APPLICATION SUGGESTION The recommended values of the components are those shown on application circuit of TYPICAL AMPLIFIER WITH SPLIT POWER SUPPLY. Different values can be used. The following table can help the designer. SMALLER THAN LARGER THAN RECOMMENDED COMPONENT RECOMMENDED VALUE PURPOSE RECOMMENDED VALUE VALUE Closed loop gaon Increase of Gain Decrease of Gain R1 22KΩ setting. Closed loop gaon Decrease of Gain Increase of Gain R2 680Ω setting. Non inverting input Increase of input Decrease of input R3 22KΩ biasing impedance impedance Danger of oscillation R4 1Ω Frequency stability at high frequencies with inductive loads. Upper frequency Poor high frequencies Danger of oscillation R5 ≈3R2 cutoff attenuation Increase of low C1 1µF Input DC decoupling frequencies cutoff Increase of low Inverting DC C2 22µF frequencies cutoff decoupling C3,C4 0.1µF Supply voltage bypass Danger of oscillation C5,C6 100µF Supply voltage bypass Danger of oscillation C7 0.22µF Frequency stability Larger bandwidth Upper frequency smaller bandwidth Larger bandwidth C8 ≈1/(2π*B*R1) cutoff To protect the device D1,D2 1N4001 against output voltage spikes. UTC assumes no responsibility for equipment failures that result from using products at values that exceed, even momentarily, rated values (such as maximum ratings, operating condition ranges, or other parameters) listed in products specifications of any and all UTC products described or contained herein. UTC products are not designed for use in life support appliances, devices or systems where malfunction of these products can be reasonably expected to result in personal injury. Reproduction in whole or in part is prohibited without the prior written consent of the copyright owner. The information presented in this document does not form part of any quotation or contract, is believed to be accurate and reliable and may be changed without notice. UNISONIC TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD www.unisonic.com.tw 14 of 14 QW-R107-005,C