TPA302 300-mW STEREO AUDIO POWER AMPLIFIER SLOS174B – JANUARY 1997 – REVISE MARCH 2000 D D D D D D D D PACKAGE (TOP VIEW) 300-mW Stereo Output PC Power Supply Compatibility 5-V and 3.3-V Specified Operation Shutdown Control Internal Mid-Rail Generation Thermal and Short-Circuit Protection Surface-Mount Packaging Functional Equivalent of the LM4880 VO 1 SHUTDOWN BYPASS IN2 1 8 2 7 3 6 4 5 IN1 GND VDD VO 2 description The TPA302 is a stereo audio power amplifier capable of delivering 250 mW of continuous average power into an 8-Ω load at less than 0.06% THD + N from a 5-V power supply or up to 300 mW at 1% THD + N. The TPA302 has high current outputs for driving small unpowered speakers at 8 Ω or headphones at 32 Ω. For headphone applications driving 32-Ω loads, the TPA302 delivers 60 mW of continuous average power at less than 0.06% THD+ N. The amplifier features a shutdown function for power-sensitive applications as well as internal thermal and short-circuit protection. The amplifier is available in an 8-pin SOIC (D) package that reduces board space and facilitates automated assembly. typical application circuit VDD 6 RF Audio Input VDD CS VDD/2 RI 8 IN 1 3 BYPASS 4 IN 2 CI VO1 1 – + CC CB Audio Input RI CI 2 VO2 5 – + SHUTDOWN CC Bias Control 7 Please be aware that an important notice concerning availability, standard warranty, and use in critical applications of Texas Instruments semiconductor products and disclaimers thereto appears at the end of this data sheet. Copyright 2000, Texas Instruments Incorporated PRODUCTION DATA information is current as of publication date. Products conform to specifications per the terms of Texas Instruments standard warranty. Production processing does not necessarily include testing of all parameters. POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 1 TPA302 300-mW STEREO AUDIO POWER AMPLIFIER SLOS174B – JANUARY 1997 – REVISE MARCH 2000 AVAILABLE OPTIONS PACKAGED DEVICES TA SMALL OUTLINE† (D) – 40°C to 85°C TPA302D † The D packages are available taped and reeled. To order a taped and reeled part, add the suffix R (e.g., TPA302DR) absolute maximum ratings over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted)‡ Supply voltage, VDD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 V Input voltage , VI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –0.3 V to VDD + 0.3 V Continuous total power dissipation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Internally Limited (See Dissipation Rating Table) Operating junction temperature range, TJ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –40°C to 150° C Storage temperature range, Tstg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . – 65°C to 150°C Lead temperature 1,6 mm (1/16 inch) from case for 10 seconds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 260°C † Stresses beyond those listed under “absolute maximum ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under “recommended operating conditions” is not implied. Exposure to absolute-maximum-rated conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. DISSIPATION RATING TABLE PACKAGE TA ≤ 25°C POWER RATING DERATING FACTOR ABOVE TA = 25°C TA = 70°C POWER RATING TA = 85°C POWER RATING D 731 mW 5.8 mW/°C 460 mW 380 mW recommended operating conditions MIN MAX Supply voltage, VDD 2.7 5.5 UNIT V Operating free-air temperature, TA –40 85 °C dc electrical characteristics at specified free-air temperature, VDD = 3.3 V (unless otherwise noted) PARAMETER IDD VIO Supply current PSRR Power supply rejection ratio IDD(SD) Quiescent current in shutdown TEST CONDITION MIN Input offset voltage VDD = 3.2 V to 3.4 V TYP MAX 2.25 5 mA 5 20 mV 55 UNIT dB 0.6 20 µA ac operating characteristics, VDD = 3.3 V, TA = 25°C, RL = 8 Ω (unless otherwise noted) PARAMETER TEST CONDITION MIN THD < 0.08% PO BOM B1 Vn 2 Output power Gain = –1,, f = 1 kHz TYP THD < 1% 125 THD < 0.08%, RL = 32 Ω 25 THD < 1%, RL = 32 Ω 35 UNIT mW Maximum output power bandwidth Gain = 10, 20 kHz Unity gain bandwidth Open loop 1.5 MHz Channel separation f = 1 kHz 75 dB Supply ripple rejection ratio f = 1 kHz 45 dB Noise output voltage Gain = –1 10 µVrms POST OFFICE BOX 655303 1% THD MAX 100 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 TPA302 300-mW STEREO AUDIO POWER AMPLIFIER SLOS174B – JANUARY 1997 – REVISE MARCH 2000 dc electrical characteristics at specified free-air temperature, VDD = 5 V (unless otherwise noted) PARAMETER TEST CONDITION IDD VOO Supply current Output offset voltage See Note 1 PSRR Power supply rejection ratio VDD = 4.9 V to 5.1 V IDD(SD) Quiescent current in shutdown MIN TYP MAX 4 10 UNIT mA 5 20 mV 65 dB 0.6 µA ac operating characteristics, VDD = 5 V, TA = 25°C, RL = 8 Ω (unless otherwise noted) PARAMETER TEST CONDITION MIN TYP THD < 0.06% PO BOM B1 Vn THD < 1% Gain = –1,, f = 1 kHz Output power MAX UNIT 250 300 THD < 0.06%, RL = 32 Ω 60 THD < 1%, RL = 32 Ω 80 1% THD mW Maximum output power bandwidth Gain = 10, 20 kHz Unity gain bandwidth Open loop 1.5 MHz Channel separation f = 1 kHz 75 dB Supply ripple rejection ratio f = 1 kHz 45 dB Noise output voltage Gain = –1 10 µVrms typical application RF 6 VDD CB Stereo Audio Input RI 8 IN1– R 3 BYPASS CI CC VO1 1 CB From Shutdown Control Circuit (TPA4860) 2 RI L RL Bias Control RL Stereo 4 IN2– VO2 5 CC CI 250 mW per Channel at RL = 8 Ω 60 mW per Channel at RL = 32 Ω RF POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 3 TPA302 300-mW STEREO AUDIO POWER AMPLIFIER SLOS174B – JANUARY 1997 – REVISE MARCH 2000 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS Table of Graphs FIGURE THD + N vs Frequency 1–3, 7–9, 13–15, 19–21 vs Output power 4–6, 10–12 16–18, 22–24 Total harmonic distortion plus noise IDD Supply current vs Supply y voltage g vs Free-air temperature Vn Output noise voltage vs Frequency Maximum package power dissipation vs Free-air temperature Power dissipation vs Output power 30, 31 POmax Maximum output power vs Free-air temperature 32, 33 PO Output power vs Load resistance vs Supply voltage 34 35 36 37 Crosstalk vs Frequency 38, 39 Supply ripple rejection ratio vs Frequency 40, 41 TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs FREQUENCY 10 VCC = 5 V PO = 250 mW RL = 8 Ω AV = –1 V/V 1 VO2 0.1 VO1 100 1k 10 k 20 k THD + N – Total Harmonic Distortion Plus Noise – % THD + N – Total Harmonic Distortion Plus Noise – % 29 Closed loop response 10 VCC = 5 V PO = 250 mW RL = 8 Ω AV = – 5 V/V 1 VO2 VO1 0.1 0.010 20 100 Figure 1 Figure 2 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 1k f – Frequency – Hz f – Frequency – Hz 4 27, 28 Open loop response TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs FREQUENCY 0.010 20 25 26 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 10 k 20 k TPA302 300-mW STEREO AUDIO POWER AMPLIFIER SLOS174B – JANUARY 1997 – REVISE MARCH 2000 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS 10 VCC = 5 V PO = 250 mW RL = 8 Ω AV = –10 V/V 1 VO1 VO2 0.1 0.010 20 100 1k 10 k 20 k TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs OUTPUT POWER THD + N – Total Harmonic Distortion Plus Noise – % THD + N – Total Harmonic Distortion Plus Noise – % TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs FREQUENCY 10 VCC = 5 V f = 20 Hz RL = 8 Ω AV = –1 V/V 1 0.1 VO2 VO1 0.010 0.01 0.1 f – Frequency – Hz Figure 3 Figure 4 10 VCC = 5 V f = 1 kHz RL = 8 Ω AV = –1 V/V 1 VO1 VO2 0.010 0.01 TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs OUTPUT POWER THD + N – Total Harmonic Distortion Plus Noise – % THD + N – Total Harmonic Distortion Plus Noise – % TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs OUTPUT POWER 0.1 1 PO – Output Power – W 0.1 1 10 VCC = 5 V f = 20 kHz RL = 8 Ω AV = –1 V/V 1 VO1 VO2 0.1 0.010 0.01 PO – Output Power – W 0.1 1 PO – Output Power – W Figure 5 Figure 6 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 5 TPA302 300-mW STEREO AUDIO POWER AMPLIFIER SLOS174B – JANUARY 1997 – REVISE MARCH 2000 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS 10 VCC = 5 V PO = 60 mW RL = 32 Ω AV = –1 V/V 1 VO1 0.1 VO2 0.010 20 100 1k 10 k 20 k TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs FREQUENCY THD + N – Total Harmonic Distortion Plus Noise – % THD + N – Total Harmonic Distortion Plus Noise – % TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs FREQUENCY 10 VCC = 5 V PO = 60 mW RL = 32 Ω AV = –5 V/V 1 VO1 VO2 0.1 0.010 20 100 f – Frequency – Hz Figure 7 VCC = 5 V PO = 60 mW RL = 32 Ω AV = –10 V/V 1 VO1 VO2 0.1 1k 10 k 20 k TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs OUTPUT POWER THD + N – Total Harmonic Distortion Plus Noise – % THD + N – Total Harmonic Distortion Plus Noise – % 10 100 10 VCC = 5 V f = 20 Hz RL = 32 Ω AV = –1 V/V 1 VO2 0.1 VO1 0.010 0.01 f – Frequency – Hz 0.1 PO – Output Power – W Figure 9 6 10 k 20 k Figure 8 TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs FREQUENCY 0.010 20 1k f – Frequency – Hz Figure 10 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 1 TPA302 300-mW STEREO AUDIO POWER AMPLIFIER SLOS174B – JANUARY 1997 – REVISE MARCH 2000 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS 10 VCC = 5 V f = 1 kHz RL = 32 Ω AV = –1 V/V 1 0.1 VO1 0.010 0.01 TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs OUTPUT POWER THD + N – Total Harmonic Distortion Plus Noise – % THD + N – Total Harmonic Distortion Plus Noise – % TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs OUTPUT POWER VO2 0.1 1 10 VCC = 5 V f = 20 kHz RL = 32 Ω AV = –1 V/V 1 VO1 VO2 0.1 0.010 0.01 PO – Output Power – W 0.1 Figure 11 Figure 12 10 VCC = 3.3 V PO = 100 mW RL = 8 Ω AV = –1 V/V 1 VO1 0.1 VO2 100 1k 10 k 20 k TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs FREQUENCY THD + N – Total Harmonic Distortion Plus Noise – % THD + N – Total Harmonic Distortion Plus Noise – % TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs FREQUENCY 0.010 20 1 PO – Output Power – W 10 VCC = 3.3 V PO = 100 mW RL = 8 Ω AV = –5 V/V 1 VO1 VO2 0.1 0.010 20 f – Frequency – Hz 100 1k 10 k 20 k f – Frequency – Hz Figure 13 Figure 14 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 7 TPA302 300-mW STEREO AUDIO POWER AMPLIFIER SLOS174B – JANUARY 1997 – REVISE MARCH 2000 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS 10 VCC = 3.3 V PO = 100 mW RL = 8 Ω AV = –10 V/V 1 VO1 VO2 0.1 0.010 20 100 1k 10 k 20 k TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs OUTPUT POWER THD + N – Total Harmonic Distortion Plus Noise – % THD + N – Total Harmonic Distortion Plus Noise – % TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs FREQUENCY 10 VCC = 3.3 V f = 20 Hz RL = 8 Ω AV = –1 V/V 1 0.1 VO1 VO2 0.010 0.01 f – Frequency – Hz Figure 15 VCC = 3.3 V f = 1 kHz RL = 8 Ω AV = –1 V/V 1 VO1 0.1 VO2 0.1 1 THD + N – Total Harmonic Distortion Plus Noise – % THD + N – Total Harmonic Distortion Plus Noise – % 10 TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs OUTPUT POWER 10 VCC = 3.3 V f = 20 kHz RL = 8 Ω AV = –1 V/V 1 VO1 VO2 0.1 0.010 0.01 PO – Output Power – W 0.1 PO – Output Power – W Figure 17 8 1 Figure 16 TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs OUTPUT POWER 0.010 0.01 0.1 PO – Output Power – W Figure 18 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 1 TPA302 300-mW STEREO AUDIO POWER AMPLIFIER SLOS174B – JANUARY 1997 – REVISE MARCH 2000 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS 10 VCC = 3.3 V PO = 25 mW RL = 32 Ω AV = –1 V/V 1 VO2 0.1 VO1 0.010 20 100 1k 10 k 20 k TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs FREQUENCY THD + N – Total Harmonic Distortion Plus Noise – % THD + N – Total Harmonic Distortion Plus Noise – % TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs FREQUENCY 10 VCC = 3.3 V PO = 25 mW RL = 32 Ω AV = –5 V/V 1 VO1 VO2 0.1 0.010 20 100 f – Frequency – Hz Figure 19 VCC = 3.3 V PO = 25 mW RL = 32 Ω AV = –10 V/V 1 VO1 VO2 0.1 1k 10 k 20 k TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs OUTPUT POWER THD + N – Total Harmonic Distortion Plus Noise – % THD + N – Total Harmonic Distortion Plus Noise – % 10 100 10 k 20 k Figure 20 TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs FREQUENCY 0.010 20 1k f – Frequency – Hz 10 VCC = 3.3 V f = 20 Hz RL = 32 Ω AV = –1 V/V 1 VO2 0.1 VO1 0.010 0.01 f – Frequency – Hz 0.1 1 PO – Output Power – W Figure 21 Figure 22 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 9 TPA302 300-mW STEREO AUDIO POWER AMPLIFIER SLOS174B – JANUARY 1997 – REVISE MARCH 2000 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS 10 VCC = 3.3 V f = 1 kHz RL = 32 Ω AV = –1 V/V 1 0.1 VO1 VO2 0.010 0.01 0.1 1 TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs OUTPUT POWER THD + N – Total Harmonic Distortion Plus Noise – % THD + N – Total Harmonic Distortion Plus Noise – % TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs OUTPUT POWER 10 VCC = 3.3 V f = 20 kHz RL = 32 Ω AV = –1 V/V VO1 1 VO2 0.1 0.010 0.01 0.1 PO – Output Power – W 1 PO – Output Power – W Figure 23 Figure 24 SUPPLY CURRENT DISTRIBUTION vs FREE-AIR TEMPERATURE SUPPLY CURRENT vs SUPPLY VOLTAGE 6 5 TA = 25°C 5V 4.5 5 Max 5V 5V I DD – Supply Current – mA I DD – Supply Current – mA Max 4 3.5 3 2.5 2 4 3 Typ 2 Typ Typ Min Min Max Min 3.3 V Max Min 3.3 V Typ Max Typ Min Typ Max Min 3.3 V 1 1.5 1 2.5 3 4.5 3.5 4 VDD – Supply Voltage – V 5 5.5 0 –50 50 75 –25 0 25 TA – Free-Air Temperature – °C Figure 25 10 Figure 26 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 100 TPA302 300-mW STEREO AUDIO POWER AMPLIFIER SLOS174B – JANUARY 1997 – REVISE MARCH 2000 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS OUTPUT NOISE VOLTAGE vs FREQUENCY OUTPUT NOISE VOLTAGE vs FREQUENCY 1000 1000 VCC = 3.3 V V n – Output Noise Voltage – µ V V n – Output Noise Voltage – µ V VCC = 5 V 100 VO1 10 VO2 1 20 100 1k 100 10 1 20 10 k 20 k 100 f – Frequency – Hz Figure 27 10 k 20 k Figure 28 MAXIMUM PACKAGE POWER DISSIPATION vs FREE-AIR TEMPERATURE POWER DISSIPATION vs OUTPUT POWER 1 0.75 VDD = 5 V 0.75 Power Dissipation – W Maximum Package Power Dissipation – W 1k f – Frequency – Hz 0.5 0.25 0.5 RL = 8 Ω 0.25 RL = 16 Ω 0 –25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 Two Channels Active 0 0 TA – Free-Air Temperature – °C Figure 29 0.5 0.25 PO – Output Power – W 0.75 Figure 30 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 11 TPA302 300-mW STEREO AUDIO POWER AMPLIFIER SLOS174B – JANUARY 1997 – REVISE MARCH 2000 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS POWER DISSIPATION vs OUTPUT POWER MAXIMUM OUTPUT POWER vs FREE-AIR TEMPERATURE 0.3 160 VDD = 3.3 V Two Channels Active 140 T A – Free-Air Temperature – °C 0.25 Power Dissipation – W VDD = 5 V Two Channels Active 0.2 RL = 8 Ω 0.15 0.1 RL = 16 Ω 0.05 RL = 16 Ω 120 RL = 8 Ω 100 80 60 40 0 0 0.05 0.15 0.25 0.2 0.1 PO – Output Power – W 0.3 20 0.35 0 0.25 0.5 PO max – Maximum Output Power – W Figure 31 Figure 32 MAXIMUM OUTPUT POWER vs FREE-AIR TEMPERATURE OUTPUT POWER vs LOAD RESISTANCE 400 350 RL = 16Ω 140 130 PO – Output Power – mW TA – Free-Air Temperature – °C 150 RL = 8Ω 120 110 300 250 200 VDD = 5 V 150 100 VDD = 3.3 V 50 VDD = 3.3 V Two Channels Active 100 0 0.075 0.15 PO max – Maximum Output Power – W 0.225 0 5 10 Figure 33 12 0.75 35 40 15 20 25 30 RL – Load Resistance – Ω Figure 34 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 45 50 TPA302 300-mW STEREO AUDIO POWER AMPLIFIER SLOS174B – JANUARY 1997 – REVISE MARCH 2000 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS OUTPUT POWER vs SUPPLY VOLTAGE OPEN LOOP RESPONSE THD = 1% Gain 60 350 0° 50 RL = 8 Ω 250 –20° 40 200 Phase 30 –40° Phase 300 Gain – dB PO – Output Power – mW 400 20° 70 450 20 –60° 150 10 100 RL = 32 Ω –80° 0 50 –10 0 2.5 3 4.5 3.5 4 VDD – Supply Voltage – V 5 10 5.5 100 1k 10 k 100 k 1M –100° 10 M 100 M f – Frequency – Hz Figure 35 Figure 36 CROSSTALK vs FREQUENCY CLOSED LOOP RESPONSE 0 200° 20 Gain –10 VDD = 5 V Phase –20 0 100° Crosstalk – dB 0° –20 Phase Gain – dB –30 –40 –50 V02 to V01 (b to a) –60 –70 –100° –40 –80 V01 to V02 (a to b) –90 –60 10 100 1k 10 k 100 k 1M –200° 10 M 100 M –100 10 100 1k 10 k 100 k f – Frequency – Hz f – Frequency – Hz Figure 37 Figure 38 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 13 TPA302 300-mW STEREO AUDIO POWER AMPLIFIER SLOS174B – JANUARY 1997 – REVISE MARCH 2000 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS CROSSTALK vs FREQUENCY SUPPLY RIPPLE REJECTION RATIO vs FREQUENCY 0 – 10 Supply Ripple Rejection Ratio – dB – 10 0 VDD = 3.3 V – 20 Crosstalk – dB – 30 – 40 – 50 V02 to V01 (b to a) – 60 – 70 – 80 V01 to VO2 (a to b) – 90 – 100 10 100 1k VDD = 5 V – 20 – 30 – 40 VO2 – 50 VO1 – 60 – 70 – 80 – 90 10 k – 100 100 100 k 1k f – Frequency – Hz f – Frequency – Hz Figure 39 Figure 40 SUPPLY RIPPLE REJECTION RATIO vs FREQUENCY 0 Supply Ripple Rejection Ratio – dB – 10 VDD = 3.3 V – 20 – 30 – 40 VO2 – 50 VO1 – 60 – 70 – 80 – 90 – 100 100 1k 10 k f – Frequency – Hz Figure 41 14 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 20 k 10 k 20 k TPA302 300-mW STEREO AUDIO POWER AMPLIFIER SLOS174B – JANUARY 1997 – REVISE MARCH 2000 APPLICATION INFORMATION selection of components Figure 42 is a schematic diagram of a typical application circuit. 50 kΩ 50 kΩ VDD 6 VDD = 5 V RF CF CS VDD/2 Audio Input RI 8 IN 1 3 BYPASS 4 IN 2 CI VO1 1 CC RL CB Audio Input RI VO2 5 CC CI RL CF RF 2 SHUTDOWN (see Note A) Bias Control 7 NOTE A: SHUTDOWN must be held low for normal operation and asserted high for shutdown mode. Figure 42. TPA302 Typical Notebook Computer Application Circuit POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 15 TPA302 300-mW STEREO AUDIO POWER AMPLIFIER SLOS174B – JANUARY 1997 – REVISE MARCH 2000 APPLICATION INFORMATION gain setting resistors, RF and RI ǒǓ The gain for the TPA302 is set by resistors RF and RI according to equation 1. Gain +* RF (1) RI Given that the TPA302 is a MOS amplifier, the input impedance is very high, consequently input leakage currents are not generally a concern although noise in the circuit increases as the value of RF increases. In addition, a certain range of RF values is required for proper start-up operation of the amplifier. Taken together it is recommended that the effective impedance seen by the inverting node of the amplifier be set between 5 kΩ and 20 kΩ. The effective impedance is calculated in equation 2. Effective Impedance + RRF)RRI F (2) I As an example, consider an input resistance of 10 kΩ and a feedback resistor of 50 kΩ. The gain of the amplifier would be – 5 and the effective impedance at the inverting terminal would be 8.3 kΩ, which is within the recommended range. For high performance applications metal film resistors are recommended because they tend to have lower noise levels than carbon resistors. For values of RF above 50 kΩ the amplifier tends to become unstable due to a pole formed from RF and the inherent input capacitance of the MOS input structure. For this reason, a small compensation capacitor of approximately 5 pF should be placed in parallel with RF. This, in effect, creates a low-pass filter network with the cutoff frequency defined in equation 3. f c(lowpass) + 2 p R1 C (3) F F For example if RF is 100 kΩ and CF is 5 pF then fc(lowpass) is 318 kHz, which is well outside of the audio range. input capacitor, CI In the typical application an input capacitor, CI, is required to allow the amplifier to bias the input signal to the proper dc level for optimum operation. In this case, CI and RI form a high-pass filter with the corner frequency determined in equation 4. f c(highpass) + 2 p R1 C (4) I I The value of CI is important to consider as it directly affects the bass (low frequency) performance of the circuit. Consider the example where RI is 10 kΩ and the specification calls for a flat bass response down to 40 Hz. Equation 4 is reconfigured as equation 5. CI + 2pR f 1 (5) I c(highpass) In this example, CI is 0.40 µF so one would likely choose a value in the range of 0.47 µF to 1 µF. A further consideration for this capacitor is the leakage path from the input source through the input network (RI, CI) and the feedback resistor (RF) to the load. This leakage current creates a dc offset voltage at the input to the amplifier that reduces useful headroom, especially in high-gain applications (> 10). For this reason a low-leakage tantalum or ceramic capacitor is the best choice. When polarized capacitors are used, the positive side of the capacitor should face the amplifier input in most applications as the dc level there is held at VDD/2, which is likely higher than the source dc level. Please note that it is important to confirm the capacitor polarity in the application. 16 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 TPA302 300-mW STEREO AUDIO POWER AMPLIFIER SLOS174B – JANUARY 1997 – REVISE MARCH 2000 APPLICATION INFORMATION power supply decoupling, CS The TPA302 is a high-performance CMOS audio amplifier that requires adequate power supply decoupling to ensure that the output total harmonic distortion (THD) is as low as possible. Power supply decoupling also prevents oscillations for long lead lengths between the amplifier and the speaker. The optimum decoupling is achieved by using two capacitors of different types that target different types of noise on the power supply leads. For higher frequency transients, spikes, or digital hash on the line, a good low equivalent-series-resistance (ESR) ceramic capacitor, typically 0.1 µF, placed as close as possible to the device VDD lead, works best. For filtering lower-frequency noise signals, a larger aluminum electrolytic capacitor of 10 µF or greater placed near the power amplifier is recommended. midrail bypass capacitor, CB The midrail bypass capacitor, CB, serves several important functions. During startup or recovery from shutdown mode, CB determines the rate at which the amplifier starts up. This helps to push the start-up pop noise into the subaudible range (so low it can not be heard). The second function is to reduce noise produced by the power supply caused by coupling into the output drive signal. This noise is from the midrail generation circuit internal to the amplifier. The capacitor is fed from a 25-kΩ source inside the amplifier. To keep the start-up pop as low as possible, the relationship shown in equation 6 should be maintained. ǒ CB 1 25 kΩ 1 v Ǔ ǒC R Ǔ (6) I I As an example, consider a circuit where CB is 0.1 µF, CI is 0.22 µF and RI is 10 kΩ. Inserting these values into the equation 9 results in: 400 ≤ 454 which satisfies the rule. Bypass capacitor, CB, values of 0.1 µF to 1 µF ceramic or tantalum low-ESR capacitors are recommended for the best THD and noise performance. output coupling capacitor, CC In the typical single-supply single-ended (SE) configuration, an output coupling capacitor (CC) is required to block the dc bias at the output of the amplifier thus preventing dc currents in the load. As with the input coupling capacitor, the output coupling capacitor and impedance of the load form a high-pass filter governed by equation 7. fc + 2 p R1 C (7) L C The main disadvantage, from a performance standpoint, is that the load impedances are typically small, which drives the low-frequency corner higher. Large values of CC are required to pass low frequencies into the load. Consider the example where a CC of 68 µF is chosen and loads vary from 8 Ω, 32 Ω, and 47 kΩ. Table 1 summarizes the frequency response characteristics of each configuration. POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 17 TPA302 300-mW STEREO AUDIO POWER AMPLIFIER SLOS174B – JANUARY 1997 – REVISE MARCH 2000 APPLICATION INFORMATION Table 1. Common Load Impedances vs Low Frequency Output Characteristics in SE Mode RL CC 68 µF LOWEST FREQUENCY 8Ω 32 Ω 68 µF 73 Hz 47,000 Ω 68 µF 0.05 Hz 293 Hz As Table 1 indicates, most of the bass response is attenuated into 8-Ω loads while headphone response is adequate and drive into line level inputs (a home stereo for example) is very good. The output coupling capacitor required in single-supply SE mode also places additional constraints on the selection of other components in the amplifier circuit. The rules described earlier still hold with the addition of the following relationship: ǒ CB 1 25 kΩ Ǔvǒ ǓƠ 1 CI RI 1 R LC C (8) shutdown mode The TPA302 employs a shutdown mode of operation designed to reduce quiescent supply current, IDD(q), to the absolute minimum level during periods of nonuse for battery-power conservation. For example, during device sleep modes or when other audio-drive currents are used (i.e., headphone mode), the speaker drive is not required. The SHUTDOWN input terminal should be held low during normal operation when the amplifier is in use. Pulling SHUTDOWN high causes the outputs to mute and the amplifier to enter a low-current state, IDD < 1 µA. SHUTDOWN should never be left unconnected because amplifier operation would be unpredictable. using low-ESR capacitors Low-ESR capacitors are recommended throughout this applications section. A real capacitor can be modeled simply as a resistor in series with an ideal capacitor. The voltage drop across this resistor minimizes the beneficial effects of the capacitor in the circuit. The lower the equivalent value of this resistance the more the real capacitor behaves like an ideal capacitor. 18 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 TPA302 300-mW STEREO AUDIO POWER AMPLIFIER SLOS174B – JANUARY 1997 – REVISE MARCH 2000 APPLICATION INFORMATION thermal considerations A prime consideration when designing an audio amplifier circuit is internal power dissipation in the device. The curve in Figure 43 provides an easy way to determine what output power can be expected out of the TPA302 for a given system ambient temperature in designs using 5-V supplies. This curve assumes no forced airflow or additional heat sinking. 160 VDD = 5 V Two Channels Active TA – Free-Air Temperature – °C 140 RL = 16 Ω 120 RL = 8 Ω 100 80 60 40 20 0 0.5 0.25 PO max – Maximum Output Power – W 0.75 Figure 43. Free-Air Temperature Versus Maximum Output Power 5-V versus 3.3-V operation The TPA302 was designed for operation over a supply range of 2.7 V to 5.5 V. This data sheet provides full specifications for 5-V and 3.3-V operation since are considered to be the two most common standard voltages. There are no special considerations for 3.3-V versus 5-V operation as far as supply bypassing, gain setting, or stability. Supply current is slightly reduced from 3.5 mA (typical) to 2.5 mA (typical). The most important consideration is that of output power. Each amplifier in the TPA302 can produce a maximum voltage swing of VDD – 1 V. This means, for 3.3-V operation, clipping starts to occur when VO(PP) = 2.3 V as opposed when VO(PP) = 4 V while operating at 5 V. The reduced voltage swing subsequently reduces maximum output power into the load before distortion begins to become significant. POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 19 TPA302 300-mW STEREO AUDIO POWER AMPLIFIER SLOS174B – JANUARY 1997 – REVISE MARCH 2000 MECHANICAL INFORMATION D (R-PDSO-G**) PLASTIC SMALL-OUTLINE PACKAGE 14 PINS SHOWN 0.050 (1,27) 0.020 (0,51) 0.014 (0,35) 14 0.010 (0,25) M 8 0.008 (0,20) NOM 0.244 (6,20) 0.228 (5,80) 0.157 (4,00) 0.150 (3,81) Gage Plane 0.010 (0,25) 1 7 0°– 8° A 0.044 (1,12) 0.016 (0,40) Seating Plane 0.069 (1,75) MAX 0.010 (0,25) 0.004 (0,10) PINS ** 0.004 (0,10) 8 14 16 A MAX 0.197 (5,00) 0.344 (8,75) 0.394 (10,00) A MIN 0.189 (4,80) 0.337 (8,55) 0.386 (9,80) DIM 4040047 / D 10/96 NOTES: B. C. D. E. 20 All linear dimensions are in inches (millimeters). This drawing is subject to change without notice. Body dimensions do not include mold flash or protrusion, not to exceed 0.006 (0,15). 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