MICREL KS8893M

KS8893M/ML/MI
Integrated 3-Port 10/100 Managed Switch with PHYs
Preliminary Data Sheet Rev. 1.0
General Description
The KS8893M contains two 10/100 transceivers with
patented mixed-signal low-power technology, three
media access control (MAC) units, a high-speed
non-blocking switch fabric, a dedicated address
lookup engine, and an on-chip frame buffer memory.
The KS8893M, a highly integrated layer 2 managed
switch, is designed for low port count, cost-sensitive
10/100 Mbps switch systems. It offers an extensive
feature set that includes rate limiting, tag/port-based
VLAN, QoS priority, management, management
information base (MIB) counters, MII/SNI, and CPU
control/data interfaces to effectively address both
current and emerging Fast Ethernet applications.
Both PHY units support 10BASE-T and 100BASETX. In addition, one PHY unit supports 100BASEFX.
The KS8893ML is the single power supply version
with all the identical rich features of the KS8893M.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
Functional Diagram
HP AUTO
MDIX
10/100
T/TX/FX
PHY 1
10/100
MAC 1
10/100
T/TX
PHY 2
10/100
MAC 2
10/100
MAC 3
RMII/MII/
SNI
SNI
SPI
SPI
MIIM
CONTROL
REGISTERS
SMI
FIFO, FLOW CONTROL, VLAN TAGGING, PRIORITY
HP AUTO
MDIX
1K LOOK-UP
ENGINE
QUEUE
MANAGEMENT
BUFFER
MANAGEMENT
FRAME
BUFFERS
MIB
COUNTERS
EEPROM
INTERFACE
I2C
P1 LED[3:0]
P2 LED[3:0]
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Features
• Proven Integrated 3-Port 10/100 Ethernet Switch
• Switch Monitoring Features
– 3rd generation switch with three MACs and two
PHYs fully compliant to IEEE 802.3u standard
– Non-blocking switch fabric assures fast packet
delivery by utilizing an 1K MAC address lookup table
and a store-and-forward architecture
– Full duplex IEEE 802.3x flow control (pause) with
force mode option
– Half-duplex back pressure flow control
– HP Auto MDI-X for reliable detection of and correction
for straight-through and crossover cables with disable
and enable option
TM
– Micrel LinkMD TDR-based cable diagnostics permit
identification of faulty copper cabling
– 100BASE-FX support on port 1
– MII interface supports both MAC mode and PHY
mode
– RMII interface support with external 50MHz system
clock
– 7-wire serial network interface (SNI) support for
legacy MAC
– Comprehensive LED Indicator support for link,
activity, full/half duplex and 10/100 speed
– Port mirroring/monitoring/sniffing: ingress and/or
egress traffic to any port or MII
– MIB counters for fully compliant statistics gathering,
34 MIB counters per port
– Loopback modes for remote diagnostic of failure
• Low Power Dissipation:
– Full-chip hardware power-down (register configuration
not saved)
– Per port based software power-save on PHY (idle link
detection, register configuration preserved)
– Voltages: Core 1.2V
I/O and Transceiver 3.3V
• Industrial Temperature Range: –40oC to +85oC
• Available in 128-Pin PQFP
Applications
• Universal Solutions
– Media Converter
– FTTx customer premises equipment
– VoIP Phone
– SOHO Residential Gateway
– Broadband Gateway / Firewall / VPN
– Integrated DSL/Cable Modem
– Wireless LAN access point + gateway
– Set-top/Game Box
– Standalone 10/100 switch
• Comprehensive Configuration Register Access
– Serial management interface (SMI) to all internal
registers
– MII management (MIIM) interface to PHY registers
2
– SPI and I C Interface to all internal registers
– I/0 pins strapping and EEPROM to program selective
registers in unmanaged switch mode
– Control registers configurable on the fly (port-priority,
802.1p/d/q, AN…)
• Upgradeable Solutions(1)
– Unmanaged switch with future option to migrate to a
managed solution
– Single PHY alternative with future expansion option
for two ports
• QoS/CoS Packet Prioritization Support
– Per port, 802.1p and DiffServ-based
– Re-mapping of 802.1p priority field per port basis
– Four priority levels
• Industrial Solutions
– Applications requiring port redundancy and port
monitoring
– Sensor devices in redundant ring topology
• Advanced Switch Features
– IEEE 802.1q VLAN support for up to 16 groups (fullrange of VLAN IDs)
– VLAN ID tag/untag options, per port basis
– IEEE 802.1p/q tag insertion or removal on a per port
basis (egress)
– Programmable rate limiting at the ingress and egress
on a per port basis
– Broadcast storm protection with % control (global and
per port basis)
– IEEE 802.1d spanning tree protocol support
– Special tagging mode to inform the processor which
ingress port receives the packet
– IGMP snooping (Ipv4) and MLD snooping (Ipv6)
support for multicast packet filtering
– MAC filtering function to forward unknown unicast
packets to specified port
– Double-tagging support
Note:
1. Reduces cost and time of PCB re-spin.
LinkMD is a trademark of Micrel, Inc.
Product names used in this datasheet are for identification purposes only and
may be trademarks of their respective companies.
• Low Latency Support
– Repeater mode
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Ordering Information
Part Number
Temperature Range
o
o
KS8893M
0 C to 70 C
KS8893ML
0oC to 70oC
KS8893MI
KSZ8993M
o
128-Pin PQFP
128-Pin PQFP
o
–40 C to +85 C
o
Package
o
0 C to 70 C
128-Pin PQFP
128-Pin PQFP, Lead-free
Contacts
City, State/Province,
Country
Telephone
Fax
San Jose, CA 95131 USA
+1 (408) 944-0800
+1 (408) 474-1000
Medford, NJ 08055 USA
+1 (609) 654-0078
+1 (609) 546-0989
Coppell, TX 75019 USA
+1 (972) 393-2533
+1 (972) 393-2540
2180 Fortune Drive
San Jose, CA 95131 USA
+1 (408) 944-0800
+1 (408) 914-7878
Room 712, Block B, Intl. Chamber of
Commerce Bldg., Fuhua Rd 1, Futian
ShenZhen, PR China 518026
+86 (755) 8302-7618
+86 (755) 8302-7637
Korea
4F, KTB Building, 826-14, Yeoksam-dong,
Kangnam-ku
Seoul 135-080 Korea
+82 (2) 3466-3000
+82 (2) 3466-2999
Taiwan
4F, No. 18, Lane 321, Yang-Guang Street,
Nei-Hu Chu
Taipei, 11468 Taiwan, R.O.C.
+886 (2) 8751-0600
+886 (2) 8751-0746
Location
Address
Corporate HQ
2180 Fortune Drive
Eastern USA
93 Branch Street
Central USA
722 S. Denton Tap Suite 130
Western USA
China
Singapore
300 Beach Road, #10-07 The Concourse
Singapore 199555
+65-6291-1318
+65-6291-1332
Japan
2-3-1 Minato Mirai, Queen’s Tower A 14F,
Nishi-ku
Yokohama, Kanagawa 220-8543
Japan
+81-45-224-6616
+81-45-224-6716
Europe
1st Floor, 3 Lockside Place, Mill Lane
Newbury, Berks RG14 5QS UK
+44 1635 524455
+44 1635 524466
Western Europe
10, avenue du Quebec, Villebon BP116
Courtaboeuf Cedex 91944 France
+33 (0) 1-6092-4190
+33 (0) 1-6092-4189
New Zealand
Office 2, CML Building
2 Perry Street
Masterton
New Zealand
+ 64-6-378-9799
+ 64-6-378-9599
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Revision History
Revision
Date
Summary of Changes
1.0
6/30/05
Initial release
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Contents
General Description................................................................................................................................1
Functional Diagram ................................................................................................................................1
Features ...................................................................................................................................................2
Applications ............................................................................................................................................2
Ordering Information ..............................................................................................................................3
Contacts ..................................................................................................................................................3
Revision History......................................................................................................................................4
Contents ..................................................................................................................................................5
List of Figures .........................................................................................................................................9
List of Tables.........................................................................................................................................10
Pin Description and I/O Assignment...................................................................................................11
Pin Configuration..................................................................................................................................20
Functional Description .........................................................................................................................21
Functional Overview: Physical Layer Transceiver ............................................................................21
100BASE-TX Transmit.........................................................................................................................................................21
100BASE-TX Receive ..........................................................................................................................................................21
PLL Clock Synthesizer........................................................................................................................................................22
Scrambler/De-scrambler (100BASE-TX Only) ...................................................................................................................22
100BASE-FX Operation.......................................................................................................................................................22
100BASE-FX Signal Detection............................................................................................................................................22
100BASE-FX Far-End Fault.................................................................................................................................................22
10BASE-T Transmit .............................................................................................................................................................23
10BASE-T Receive ..............................................................................................................................................................23
Power Management.............................................................................................................................................................23
MDI/MDI-X Auto Crossover.................................................................................................................................................23
Straight Cable ................................................................................................................................................................24
Crossover Cable ............................................................................................................................................................25
Auto-Negotiation .................................................................................................................................................................25
LinkMD Cable Diagnostics .................................................................................................................................................27
Access ...........................................................................................................................................................................27
Usage ............................................................................................................................................................................27
Functional Overview: MAC and Switch ..............................................................................................28
Address Lookup ..................................................................................................................................................................28
Learning ...............................................................................................................................................................................28
Migration ..............................................................................................................................................................................28
Aging ....................................................................................................................................................................................28
Forwarding...........................................................................................................................................................................28
Switching Engine ................................................................................................................................................................31
MAC Operation ....................................................................................................................................................................31
Inter Packet Gap (IPG) ..................................................................................................................................................31
Back-Off Algorithm.........................................................................................................................................................31
Late Collision .................................................................................................................................................................31
Illegal Frames ................................................................................................................................................................31
Full Duplex Flow Control................................................................................................................................................31
Half-Duplex Backpressure .............................................................................................................................................31
Broadcast Storm Protection ...........................................................................................................................................32
MII Interface Operation........................................................................................................................................................32
RMII Interface Operation .....................................................................................................................................................33
SNI (7-Wire) Operation ........................................................................................................................................................34
MII Management Interface (MIIM) .......................................................................................................................................35
Serial Management Interface (SMI) ....................................................................................................................................36
Advanced Switch Functions ................................................................................................................37
Spanning Tree Support.......................................................................................................................................................37
Special Tagging Mode.........................................................................................................................................................38
IGMP Support ......................................................................................................................................................................39
IGMP Snooping .............................................................................................................................................................39
Multicast Address Insertion in the Static MAC Table .....................................................................................................39
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IPv6 MLD Snooping.............................................................................................................................................................39
Port Mirroring Support........................................................................................................................................................40
IEEE 802.1Q VLAN Support ................................................................................................................................................40
QoS Priority Support...........................................................................................................................................................41
Port-Based Priority..............................................................................................................................................................41
802.1p-Based Priority..........................................................................................................................................................41
DiffServ-Based Priority .......................................................................................................................................................42
Rate Limiting Support .........................................................................................................................................................42
Unicast MAC Address Filtering..........................................................................................................................................42
Configuration Interface .......................................................................................................................................................43
I2C Master Serial Bus Configuration ..............................................................................................................................43
I2C Slave Serial Bus Configuration ................................................................................................................................44
SPI Slave Serial Bus Configuration ...............................................................................................................................44
Loopback Support...............................................................................................................................................................47
Far-end Loopback..........................................................................................................................................................47
Near-end (Remote) Loopback .......................................................................................................................................48
MII Management (MIIM) Registers .......................................................................................................49
PHY1 Register 0 (PHYAD = 0x1, REGAD = 0x0): MII Basic Control.........................................................................50
PHY2 Register 0 (PHYAD = 0x2, REGAD = 0x0): MII Basic Control.........................................................................50
PHY1 Register 1 (PHYAD = 0x1, REGAD = 0x1): MII Basic Status...........................................................................51
PHY2 Register 1 (PHYAD = 0x2, REGAD = 0x1): MII Basic Status...........................................................................51
PHY1 Register 2 (PHYAD = 0x1, REGAD = 0x2): PHYID High ..................................................................................51
PHY2 Register 2 (PHYAD = 0x2, REGAD = 0x2): PHYID High ..................................................................................51
PHY1 Register 3 (PHYAD = 0x1, REGAD = 0x3): PHYID Low ...................................................................................51
PHY2 Register 3 (PHYAD = 0x2, REGAD = 0x3): PHYID Low ...................................................................................51
PHY1 Register 4 (PHYAD = 0x1, REGAD = 0x4): Auto-Negotiation Advertisement Ability ...................................52
PHY2 Register 4 (PHYAD = 0x2, REGAD = 0x4): Auto-Negotiation Advertisement Ability ...................................52
PHY1 Register 5 (PHYAD = 0x1, REGAD = 0x5): Auto-Negotiation Link Partner Ability .......................................52
PHY2 Register 5 (PHYAD = 0x2, REGAD = 0x5): Auto-Negotiation Link Partner Ability .......................................52
PHY1 Register 29 (PHYAD = 0x1, REGAD = 0x1D): LinkMD Control/Status ...........................................................53
PHY2 Register 29 (PHYAD = 0x2, REGAD = 0x1D): LinkMD Control/Status ...........................................................53
PHY1 Register 31 (PHYAD = 0x1, REGAD = 0x1F): PHY Special Control/Status ...................................................53
PHY2 Register 31 (PHYAD = 0x2, REGAD = 0x1F): PHY Special Control/Status ...................................................53
Register Map: Switch & PHY (8-bit registers) ....................................................................................54
Global Registers ............................................................................................................................................................54
Port Registers ................................................................................................................................................................54
Advanced Control Registers ..........................................................................................................................................54
Global Registers..................................................................................................................................................................54
Register 0 (0x00): Chip ID0 ...........................................................................................................................................54
Register 1 (0x01): Chip ID1 / Start Switch .....................................................................................................................55
Register 2 (0x02): Global Control 0 ...............................................................................................................................55
Register 3 (0x03): Global Control 1 ...............................................................................................................................56
Register 4 (0x04): Global Control 2 ...............................................................................................................................56
Register 4 (0x04): Global Control 2 (continued).............................................................................................................57
Register 5 (0x05): Global Control 3 ...............................................................................................................................57
Register 5 (0x05): Global Control 3 (continued).............................................................................................................58
Register 6 (0x06): Global Control 4 ...............................................................................................................................58
Register 6 (0x06): Global Control 4 (continued).............................................................................................................59
Register 7 (0x07): Global Control 5 ...............................................................................................................................59
Register 8 (0x08): Global Control 6 ...............................................................................................................................59
Register 9 (0x09): Global Control 7 ...............................................................................................................................59
Register 10 (0x0A): Global Control 8 .............................................................................................................................59
Register 11 (0x0B): Global Control 9 .............................................................................................................................60
Register 12 (0x0C): Global Control 10...........................................................................................................................60
Register 13 (0x0D): Global Control 11...........................................................................................................................61
Register 14 (0x0E): Global Control 12 ...........................................................................................................................61
Register 15 (0x0F): Global Control 13 ...........................................................................................................................61
Port Registers......................................................................................................................................................................62
Register 16 (0x10): Port 1 Control 0 ..............................................................................................................................62
Register 32 (0x20): Port 2 Control 0 ..............................................................................................................................62
Register 48 (0x30): Port 3 Control 0 ..............................................................................................................................62
Register 17 (0x11): Port 1 Control 1 ..............................................................................................................................63
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Register 33 (0x21): Port 2 Control 1 ..............................................................................................................................63
Register 49 (0x31): Port 3 Control 1 ..............................................................................................................................63
Register 18 (0x12): Port 1 Control 2 ..............................................................................................................................64
Register 34 (0x22): Port 2 Control 2 ..............................................................................................................................64
Register 50 (0x32): Port 3 Control 2 ..............................................................................................................................64
Register 19 (0x13): Port 1 Control 3 ..............................................................................................................................65
Register 35 (0x23): Port 2 Control 3 ..............................................................................................................................65
Register 51 (0x33): Port 3 Control 3 ..............................................................................................................................65
Register 20 (0x14): Port 1 Control 4 ..............................................................................................................................65
Register 36 (0x24): Port 2 Control 4 ..............................................................................................................................65
Register 52 (0x34): Port 3 Control 4 ..............................................................................................................................65
Register 21 (0x15): Port 1 Control 5 ..............................................................................................................................65
Register 37 (0x25): Port 2 Control 5 ..............................................................................................................................65
Register 53 (0x35): Port 3 Control 5 ..............................................................................................................................65
Register 22 (0x16): Port 1 Control 6 ..............................................................................................................................66
Register 38 (0x26): Port 2 Control 6 ..............................................................................................................................66
Register 54 (0x36): Port 3 Control 6 ..............................................................................................................................66
Register 23 (0x17): Port 1 Control 7 ..............................................................................................................................67
Register 39 (0x27): Port 2 Control 7 ..............................................................................................................................67
Register 55 (0x37): Port 3 Control 7 ..............................................................................................................................67
Register 24 (0x18): Port 1 Control 8 ..............................................................................................................................68
Register 40 (0x28): Port 2 Control 8 ..............................................................................................................................68
Register 56 (0x38): Port 3 Control 8 ..............................................................................................................................68
Register 25 (0x19): Port 1 Control 9 ..............................................................................................................................69
Register 41 (0x29): Port 2 Control 9 ..............................................................................................................................69
Register 57 (0x39): Port 3 Control 9 ..............................................................................................................................69
Register 26 (0x1A): Port 1 PHY Special Control/Status.................................................................................................70
Register 42 (0x2A): Port 2 PHY Special Control/Status.................................................................................................70
Register 58 (0x3A): Reserved, not applied to port 3 ......................................................................................................70
Register 27 (0x1B): Port 1 LinkMD Result .....................................................................................................................70
Register 43 (0x2B): Port 2 LinkMD Result .....................................................................................................................70
Register 59 (0x3B): Reserved, not applied to port 3 ......................................................................................................70
Register 28 (0x1C): Port 1 Control 12............................................................................................................................71
Register 44 (0x2C): Port 2 Control 12............................................................................................................................71
Register 60 (0x3C): Reserved, not applied to port 3......................................................................................................71
Register 29 (0x1D): Port 1 Control 13............................................................................................................................72
Register 45 (0x2D): Port 2 Control 13............................................................................................................................72
Register 61 (0x3D): Reserved, not applied to port 3......................................................................................................72
Register 30 (0x1E): Port 1 Status 0 ...............................................................................................................................73
Register 46 (0x2E): Port 2 Status 0 ...............................................................................................................................73
Register 62 (0x3E): Reserved, not applied to port 3 ......................................................................................................73
Register 31 (0x1F): Port 1 Status 1 ...............................................................................................................................73
Register 47 (0x2F): Port 2 Status 1 ...............................................................................................................................73
Register 63 (0x3F): Port 3 Status 1 ...............................................................................................................................73
Register 31 (0x1F): Port 1 Status 1 (continued).............................................................................................................74
Register 47 (0x2F): Port 2 Status 1 (continued).............................................................................................................74
Register 63 (0x3F): Port 3 Status 1 (continued).............................................................................................................74
Register 96 (0x60): TOS Priority Control Register 0 ......................................................................................................74
Register 97 (0x61): TOS Priority Control Register 1 ......................................................................................................75
Register 98 (0x62): TOS Priority Control Register 2 ......................................................................................................75
Register 99 (0x63): TOS Priority Control Register 3 ......................................................................................................76
Register 100 (0x64): TOS Priority Control Register 4 ....................................................................................................76
Register 101 (0x65): TOS Priority Control Register 5 ....................................................................................................77
Register 102 (0x66): TOS Priority Control Register 6 ....................................................................................................77
Register 103 (0x67): TOS Priority Control Register 7 ....................................................................................................78
Register 104 (0x68): TOS Priority Control Register 8 ....................................................................................................78
Register 105 (0x69): TOS Priority Control Register 9 ....................................................................................................79
Register 106 (0x6A): TOS Priority Control Register 10..................................................................................................79
Register 107 (0x6B): TOS Priority Control Register 11..................................................................................................80
Register 108 (0x6C): TOS Priority Control Register 12 .................................................................................................80
Register 109 (0x6D): TOS Priority Control Register 13 .................................................................................................81
Register 110 (0x6E): TOS Priority Control Register 14..................................................................................................81
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Register 111 (0x6F): TOS Priority Control Register 15..................................................................................................82
Register 112 (0x70): MAC Address Register 0 ..............................................................................................................82
Register 113 (0x71): MAC Address Register 1 ..............................................................................................................82
Register 114 (0x72): MAC Address Register 2 ..............................................................................................................82
Register 115 (0x73): MAC Address Register 3 ..............................................................................................................82
Register 116 (0x74): MAC Address Register 4 ..............................................................................................................82
Register 117 (0x75): MAC Address Register 5 ..............................................................................................................82
Register 118 (0x76): User Defined Register 1 ...............................................................................................................83
Register 119 (0x77): User Defined Register 2 ...............................................................................................................83
Register 120 (0x78): User Defined Register 3 ...............................................................................................................83
Register 121 (0x79): Indirect Access Control 0..............................................................................................................83
Register 122 (0x7A): Indirect Access Control 1 .............................................................................................................83
Register 123 (0x7B): Indirect Data Register 8 ...............................................................................................................83
Register 124 (0x7C): Indirect Data Register 7 ...............................................................................................................84
Register 125 (0x7D): Indirect Data Register 6 ...............................................................................................................84
Register 126 (0x7E): Indirect Data Register 5 ...............................................................................................................84
Register 127 (0x7F): Indirect Data Register 4................................................................................................................84
Register 128 (0x80): Indirect Data Register 3................................................................................................................84
Register 129 (0x81): Indirect Data Register 2................................................................................................................84
Register 130 (0x82): Indirect Data Register 1................................................................................................................84
Register 131 (0x83): Indirect Data Register 0................................................................................................................84
Register 132 (0x84): Digital Testing Status 0.................................................................................................................84
Register 133 (0x85): Digital Testing Control 0 ...............................................................................................................85
Register 134 (0x86): Analog Testing Control 0 ..............................................................................................................85
Register 135 (0x87): Analog Testing Control 1 ..............................................................................................................85
Register 136 (0x88): Analog Testing Control 2 ..............................................................................................................85
Register 137 (0x89): Analog Testing Control 3 ..............................................................................................................85
Register 138 (0x8A): Analog Testing Status ..................................................................................................................85
Register 139 (0x8B): Analog Testing Control 4..............................................................................................................85
Register 140 (0x8C): QM Debug 1 ................................................................................................................................85
Register 141 (0x8D): QM Debug 2 ................................................................................................................................85
Static MAC Address Table.............................................................................................................................................86
VLAN Table ...................................................................................................................................................................87
Dynamic MAC Address Table........................................................................................................................................88
MIB (Management Information Base) Counters.............................................................................................................89
Additional MIB Counter Information ...............................................................................................................................91
Absolute Maximum Ratings(1) ..............................................................................................................92
Operating Ratings(1) ..............................................................................................................................92
Electrical Characteristics(1) ..................................................................................................................93
Timing Specifications...........................................................................................................................95
EEPROM Timing ..................................................................................................................................................................95
SNI Timing............................................................................................................................................................................96
MII Timing.............................................................................................................................................................................97
MAC Mode MII Timing ...................................................................................................................................................97
PHY Mode MII Timing....................................................................................................................................................98
RMII Timing ..........................................................................................................................................................................99
SPI Timing..........................................................................................................................................................................100
Input Timing .................................................................................................................................................................100
Output Timing ..............................................................................................................................................................101
Auto-Negotiation Timing...................................................................................................................................................102
Reset Timing .......................................................................................................................................103
Reset Circuit........................................................................................................................................104
Selection of Isolation Transformers..................................................................................................105
Selection of Reference Crystal ..........................................................................................................105
Package Information...........................................................................................................................106
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List of Figures
Figure 1. Typical Straight Cable Connection ......................................................................................................................................24
Figure 2. Typical Crossover Cable Connection ..................................................................................................................................25
Figure 3. Auto-Negotiation and Parallel Operation ............................................................................................................................26
Figure 4. Destination Address Lookup Flow Chart, Stage 1 .............................................................................................................29
Figure 5. Destination Address Resolution Flow Chart, Stage 2 .......................................................................................................30
Figure 6. 802.1p Priority Field Format .................................................................................................................................................41
Figure 7. KS8893M EEPROM Configuration Timing Diagram ...........................................................................................................43
Figure 8. SPI Write Data Cycle..............................................................................................................................................................45
Figure 9. SPI Read Data Cycle ..............................................................................................................................................................46
Figure 10. SPI Multiple Write.................................................................................................................................................................46
Figure 11. SPI Multiple Read.................................................................................................................................................................46
Figure 12: Far-End Loopback Path ......................................................................................................................................................47
Figure 13. Near-end (Remote) Loopback Path....................................................................................................................................48
Figure 14. EEPROM Interface Input Timing Diagram .........................................................................................................................95
Figure 15. EEPROM Interface Output Timing Diagram ......................................................................................................................95
Figure 16. SNI Input Timing Diagram...................................................................................................................................................96
Figure 17. SNI Output Timing Diagram................................................................................................................................................96
Figure 18. MAC Mode MII Timing – Data Received from MII..............................................................................................................97
Figure 19. MAC Mode MII Timing – Data Input to MII .........................................................................................................................97
Figure 20. PHY Mode MII Timing – Data Received from MII ..............................................................................................................98
Figure 21. PHY Mode MII Timing – Data Input to MII ..........................................................................................................................98
Figure 22: RMII Timing – Data Received from RMII............................................................................................................................99
Figure 23: RMII Timing – Data Input to RMII........................................................................................................................................99
Figure 24. SPI Input Timing.................................................................................................................................................................100
Figure 25. SPI Output Timing..............................................................................................................................................................101
Figure 26: Auto-Negotiation Timing...................................................................................................................................................102
Figure 27. Reset Timing ......................................................................................................................................................................103
Figure 28. Recommended Reset Circuit............................................................................................................................................104
Figure 29. Recommended Reset Circuit for interfacing with CPU/FPGA Reset Output...............................................................104
Figure 30. 128-Pin PQFP Package......................................................................................................................................................106
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List of Tables
Table 1. FX and TX Mode Selection .....................................................................................................................................................22
Table 2. MDI/MDI-X Pin Definitions.......................................................................................................................................................23
Table 3. MII Signals ................................................................................................................................................................................32
Table 4: RMII Signal Description ..........................................................................................................................................................33
Table 5: RMII Signal Connections ........................................................................................................................................................34
Table 6. SNI Signals...............................................................................................................................................................................34
Table 7. MII Management Interface Frame Format .............................................................................................................................35
Table 8. Serial Management Interface (SMI) Frame Format...............................................................................................................36
Table 9: Spanning Tree States..............................................................................................................................................................37
Table 10. Special Tagging Mode Format .............................................................................................................................................38
Table 11. STPID Egress Rules (Processor to Switch Port 3)..............................................................................................................38
Table 12. STPID Egress Rules (Switch Port 3 to Processor).............................................................................................................39
Table 13. FID+DA Lookup in VLAN Mode ............................................................................................................................................40
Table 14. FID+SA Lookup in VLAN Mode ............................................................................................................................................41
Table 15. KS8893M SPI Connections...................................................................................................................................................45
Table 16. Format of Static MAC Table (8 Entries)...............................................................................................................................86
Table 17. Format of Static VLAN Table (16 Entries) ...........................................................................................................................87
Table 18. Format of Dynamic MAC Address Table (1K Entries) .......................................................................................................88
Table 19. Format of “Per Port” MIB Counters.....................................................................................................................................89
Table 20. Port 1’s “Per Port” MIB Counters Indirect Memory Offsets..............................................................................................90
Table 21. Format of “All Port Dropped Packet” MIB Counters .........................................................................................................90
Table 22. “All Port Dropped Packet” MIB Counters Indirect Memory Offsets ................................................................................90
Table 23. EEPROM Timing Parameters ...............................................................................................................................................95
Table 24. SNI Timing Parameters .........................................................................................................................................................96
Table 25. MAC Mode MII Timing Parameters ......................................................................................................................................97
Table 26. PHY Mode MII Timing Parameters .......................................................................................................................................98
Table 27: RMII Timing Parameters .......................................................................................................................................................99
Table 28. SPI Input Timing Parameters .............................................................................................................................................100
Table 29. SPI Output Timing Parameters ..........................................................................................................................................101
Table 30: Auto-Negotiation Timing Parameters ...............................................................................................................................102
Table 31. Reset Timing Parameters ...................................................................................................................................................103
Table 32. Transformer Selection Criteria...........................................................................................................................................105
Table 33. Qualified Single Port Magnetics ........................................................................................................................................105
Table 34. Typical Reference Crystal Characteristics .......................................................................................................................105
June 2005
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Pin Description and I/O Assignment
Pin Number
Pin Name
Type (1)
Description
1
P1LED2
Ipu/O
2
P1LED1
Ipu/O
Port 1 LED Indicators
(apply to all modes of operation, except Repeater Mode)
3
P1LED0
Ipu/O
[LEDSEL1, LEDSEL0]
[0, 0]
[0, 1]
P1LED3
—
—
P1LED2
Link/Act
100Link/Act
P1LED1
Full duplex/Col
10Link/Act
P1LED0
Speed
Full duplex
[LEDSEL1, LEDSEL0]
[1, 0]
[1, 1]
P1LED3
Act
—
P1LED2
Link
—
P1LED1
Full duplex/Col
—
P1LED0
Speed
—
Link/Act, 100Link/Act, 10Link/Act : Low (link), High (no link),
Toggle (transmit / receive activity)
Full duplex/Col : Low (full duplex), High (half duplex), Toggles
(collision)
Speed : Low (100BASE-TX), High (10BASE-T)
Full duplex : Low (full duplex), High (half duplex)
Act : Toggle (transmit / receive activity)
Link : Low (link), High (no link)
Repeater Mode (only)
[LEDSEL1, LEDSEL0]
[0, 0]
P1LED3
RPT_COL
P1LED2
RPT_LINK3/RX
P1LED1
RPT_LINK2/RX
P1LED0
RPT_LINK1/RX
RPT_COL : Low (collision)
RPT_LINK#/RX (# = port) : Low (link), High (no link), Toggles
(receive activity)
Notes:
LEDSEL0 is external strap-in pin 70.
LEDSEL1 is external strap-in pin 23.
P1LED3 is pin 25.
During reset, P1LED[2:0] are inputs for internal testing.
Note:
1. Ipu/O = Input with internal pull-up during reset, output pin otherwise.
June 2005
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Pin Number
Pin Name
Type (1)
Description
4
P2LED2
Ipu/O
5
P2LED1
Ipu/O
Port 2 LED Indicators
(apply to all modes of operation, except Repeater Mode)
6
P2LED0
Ipu/O
[LEDSEL1, LEDSEL0]
[0, 0]
[0, 1]
—
—
P2LED2
Link/Act
100Link/Act
P2LED1
Full duplex/Col
10Link/Act
P2LED0
Speed
Full duplex
P2LED3
[LEDSEL1, LEDSEL0]
[1, 0]
[1, 1]
P2LED3
Act
—
P2LED2
Link
—
P2LED1
Full duplex/Col
—
P2LED0
Speed
—
Link/Act, 100Link/Act, 10Link/Act : Low (link), High (no link),
Toggle (transmit / receive activity)
Full duplex/Col : Low (full duplex), High (half duplex), Toggles
(collision)
Speed : Low (100BASE-TX), High (10BASE-T)
Full duplex : Low (full duplex), High (half duplex)
Act : Toggle (transmit / receive activity)
Link : Low (link), High (no link)
Repeater Mode (only)
[LEDSEL1, LEDSEL0]
[0, 0]
P2LED3
RPT_ACT
P2LED2
RPT_ERR3
P2LED1
RPT_ERR2
P2LED0
RPT_ERR1
RPT_ACT : Low (activity)
RPT_ERR# (# = port) : Low (error status due to either
isolation, partition, jabber, or JK error)
7
DGND
Gnd
Notes:
LEDSEL0 is external strap-in pin 70.
LEDSEL1 is external strap-in pin 23.
P2LED3 is pin 20.
During reset, P2LED[2:0] are inputs for internal testing.
Digital ground
8
VDDIO
P
3.3V digital VDD
Note:
1. P = Power supply.
Gnd = Ground.
Ipd = Input w/ internal pull-down.
Ipu/O = Input with internal pull-up during reset, output pin otherwise.
June 2005
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M9999-063005
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KS8893M/ML/MI
Pin Number
Pin Name
Type (1)
Description
9
NC
Ipd
No connect
10
NC
Ipd
No connect
11
NC
Ipu
No connect
12
ADVFC
Ipu
1 = advertise the switch’s flow control capability via auto
negotiation.
0 = will not advertise the switch’s flow control capability via
auto negotiation.
13
P2ANEN
Ipu
1 = enable auto negotiation on port 2
0 = disable auto negotiation on port 2
14
P2SPD
Ipd
15
P2DPX
Ipd
1 = force port 2 to 100BT if P2ANEN = 0
0 = force port 2 to 10BT if P2ANEN = 0
1 = port 2 default to full duplex mode if P2ANEN = 1 and auto
negotiation fails. Force port 2 in full duplex mode if P2ANEN
= 0.
0 = port 2 default to half duplex mode if P2ANEN = 1 and
auto negotiation fails. Force port 2 in half duplex mode if
P2ANEN = 0.
16
P2FFC
Ipd
1 = always enable (force) port 2 flow control feature
0 = port 2 flow control feature enable is determined by auto
negotiation result.
17
NC
Opu
No connect
18
NC
Ipd
No connect
19
NC
Ipd
No connect
20
P2LED3
Opd
Port 2 LED indicator
Note: Internal pull-down is weak; it will not turn ON the LED.
See description in pin 4.
21
22
DGND
Gnd
Digital ground
VDDC /
P
VDDC: For KS8893M, this is an input power pin for the 1.2V
digital core VDD.
VOUT_1V2
VOUT_1V2: For KS8893ML, this is a 1.2V output power pin to
supply the KS8893ML’s input power pins: VDDAP (pin 63),
VDDC (pins 91 and 123), and VDDA (pins 38, 43, and 57).
23
LEDSEL1
Ipd
LED display mode select
See description in pins 1 and 4.
24
NC
O
25
P1LED3
Opd
No connect
Port 1 LED indicator
Note: An external 1K pull-down is needed on this pin if it is
connected to a LED. The 1K resistor will not turn ON the
LED.
See description in pin 1.
Note:
1. P = Power supply.
Gnd = Ground.
O = Output.
Ipu = Input w/ internal pull-up.
Ipd = Input w/ internal pull-down.
Opu = Output w/ internal pull-up.
Opd = Output w/ internal pull-down.
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KS8893M/ML/MI
Pin Number
Pin Name
Type (1)
Description
26
RMII_EN
Opd
Strap pin for RMII Mode
0 = Disable
1 = Enable
After reset, this pin has no meaning and is a no connect.
27
HWPOVR
Ipd
Hardware pin overwrite
0 = Disable. All strap-in pins configurations are overwritten by
the EEPROM configuration data
1 = Enable. All strap-in pins configurations are overwritten by
the EEPROM configuration data, except for register 0x2C bits
[7:5], (port 2: auto-negotiation enable, force speed, force
duplex).
28
P2MDIXDIS
Ipd
Port 2 Auto MDI/MDI-X
PD (default) = enable
PU = disable
29
P2MDIX
Ipd
Port 2 MDI/MDI-X setting when auto MDI/MDI-X is disabled.
PD (default) = MDI-X (transmit on TXP2 / TXM2 pins)
PU = MDI, (transmit on RXP2 / RXM2 pins)
30
P1ANEN
Ipu
31
P1SPD
Ipd
1 = enable auto negotiation on port 1
0 = disable auto negotiation on port 1
1 = force port 1 to 100BT if P1ANEN = 0
0 = force port 1 to 10BT if P1ANEN = 0
32
P1DPX
Ipd
1 = port 1 default to full duplex mode if P1ANEN = 1 and auto
negotiation fails. Force port 1 in full-duplex mode if P1ANEN
= 0.
0 = port 1 default to half duplex mode if P1ANEN = 1 and auto
negotiation fails. Force port 1 in half duplex mode if P1ANEN
= 0.
33
P1FFC
Ipd
1 = always enable (force) port 1 flow control feature
0 = port 1 flow control feature enable is determined by auto
negotiation result.
34
NC
Ipd
No connect
35
NC
Ipd
No connect
36
PWRDN
Ipu
Chip power down input (active low)
37
AGND
Gnd
Analog ground
38
VDDA
P
1.2V analog VDD
39
AGND
Gnd
Analog ground
40
MUX1
I
Factory test pin - float for normal operation
41
MUX2
I
Factory test pin - float for normal operation
Note:
1. P = Power supply.
Gnd = Ground.
I = Input.
Ipu = Input w/ internal pull-up.
Ipd = Input w/ internal pull-down.
Opd = Output w/ internal pull-down.
June 2005
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M9999-063005
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KS8893M/ML/MI
Pin Number
Pin Name
Type (1)
Description
42
AGND
Gnd
Analog ground
43
VDDA
P
1.2V analog VDD
44
FXSD1
I
Fiber signal detect / factory test pin
45
RXP1
I/O
Physical receive or transmit signal (+ differential)
46
RXM1
I/O
Physical receive or transmit signal (– differential)
47
AGND
Gnd
Analog ground
48
TXP1
I/O
Physical transmit or receive signal (+ differential)
49
TXM1
I/O
Physical transmit or receive signal (– differential)
50
VDDATX
P
3.3V analog VDD
51
VDDARX
P
3.3V analog VDD
52
RXM2
I/O
Physical receive or transmit signal (– differential)
53
RXP2
I/O
Physical receive or transmit signal (+ differential)
54
AGND
Gnd
Analog ground.
55
TXM2
I/O
Physical transmit or receive signal (– differential)
56
TXP2
I/O
Physical transmit or receive signal (+ differential)
57
VDDA
P
1.2V analog VDD
58
AGND
Gnd
Analog ground
59
TEST1
I
Factory test pin - float for normal operation
60
TEST2
I
Factory test pin - float for normal operation
61
ISET
O
Set physical transmit output current.
Pull-down this pin with a 3.01K 1% resistor to ground.
62
AGND
Gnd
Analog ground
63
VDDAP
P
1.2V analog VDD for PLL
64
AGND
Gnd
Analog ground.
65
X1
I
25MHz crystal/oscillator clock connections
66
X2
O
Pins (X1, X2) connect to a crystal. If an oscillator is used, X1
connects to a 3.3V tolerant oscillator and X2 is a no connect.
67
RST_N
Ipu
Hardware reset pin (active low)
68
UNUSED
I
Unused pin – externally pull down for normal operation
69
UNUSED
I
Unused pin – externally pull down for normal operation
Note: Clock is +/- 50ppm for both crystal and oscillator.
Note:
1. P = Power supply.
Gnd = Ground.
I = Input.
O = Output.
I/O = Bi-directional.
Ipu = Input w/ internal pull-up.
June 2005
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KS8893M/ML/MI
Pin Number
Pin Name
Type (1)
Description
70
LEDSEL0
I
LED display mode select
71
SMTXEN
I
Switch MII transmit enable
72
SMTXD3
I
Switch MII transmit data bit 3
73
SMTXD2
I
Switch MII transmit data bit 2
74
SMTXD1
I
Switch MII transmit data bit 1
75
SMTXD0
I
Switch MII transmit data bit 0
76
SMTXER
I
Switch MII transmit error
77
SMTXC /
REFCLK
I/O
Switch MII transmit clock (MII and SNI modes only)
Output in PHY MII mode and SNI mode
Input in MAC MII mode
See description in pins 1 and 4.
Reference Clock (RMII mode only)
Input for 50MHz +/- 50ppm system clock
Note: In RMII mode, pin X1 is pulled up to VDDIO supply with
a 10K resistor and pin X2 is a no connect.
78
DGND
Gnd
Digital ground
79
VDDIO
P
3.3V digital VDD
80
SMRXC
I/O
Switch MII receive clock.
Output in PHY MII mode
Input in MAC MII mode
81
SMRXDV
O
82
SMRXD3
Ipd/O
Switch MII receive data valid
Switch MII receive data bit 3
Strap option: switch MII full-duplex flow control
PD (default) = disable
PU = enable
83
SMRXD2
Ipd/O
Switch MII receive data bit 2
Strap option: switch MII is in
PD (default) = full-duplex mode
PU = half-duplex mode
84
SMRXD1
Ipd/O
Switch MII receive data bit 1
Strap option: Switch MII is in
PD (default) = 100Mbps mode
PU = 10Mbps mode
85
SMRXD0
I/O
Switch MII receive data bit 0
Strap option: switch will accept packet size up to
PD = 1536 bytes (inclusive)
PU = 1522 bytes (tagged), 1518 bytes (untagged)
86
SCOL
I/O
Switch MII collision detect
87
SCRS
I/O
Switch MII carrier sense
Note:
1. P = Power supply.
Gnd = Ground.
I = Input.
O = Output.
Ipd/O = Input w/ internal pull-down during reset, output pin otherwise.
I/O = Bi-directional.
June 2005
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KS8893M/ML/MI
Pin Number
Pin Name
Type (1)
Description
88
SCONF1
I
Switch MII interface configuration
89
SCONF0
I
90
DGND
Gnd
(SCONF1, SCONF0)
Description
(0,0)
disable, outputs tri-stated
(0,1)
PHY mode MII
(1,0)
MAC mode MII
(1,1)
PHY mode SNI
Digital ground
91
VDDC
P
1.2V digital VDD
92
UNUSED
I
Unused pins – externally pull down for normal operation
93
UNUSED
I
94
MDC
I
MII management interface: clock input
95
MDIO
I/O
MII management interface: data input/output
Note: an external pull-up is needed on this pin when it is in
use.
96
SPIQ
O
SPI slave mode: serial data output
See description in pins 100 and 101.
Note: an external pull-up is needed on this pin when it is in
use.
97
SCL
I/O
2
SPI slave mode / I C slave mode: clock input
2
I C master mode: clock output
See description in pins 100 and 101.
98
SDA
I/O
SPI slave mode: serial data input
I2C master/slave mode: serial data input/output
See description in pins 100 and 101.
Note: an external pull-up is needed on this pin when it is in
use.
99
SPIS_N
I
SPI slave mode: chip select (active low)
When SPIS_N is high, the KS8893M is deselected and SPIQ
is held in high impedance state.
A high-to-low transition is used to initiate SPI data transfer.
See description in pins 100 and 101.
Note: an external pull-up is needed on this pin when it is in
use.
Note:
1. P = Power supply.
Gnd = Ground.
I = Input.
O = Output.
I/O = Bi-directional.
June 2005
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KS8893M/ML/MI
Pin Number
Pin Name
Type (1)
Description
100
PS1
I
101
PS0
I
Serial bus configuration pins to select mode of access to
KS8893M internal registers.
[PS1, PS0] = [0, 0] — I2C master (EEPROM) mode
(If EEPROM is not detected, the KS8893M will be configured
with the default values of its internal registers and the values
of its strap-in pins.)
Interface Signals
Type
Description
SPIQ
O
Not used (tri-stated)
SCL
O
I C clock
SDA
I/O
I C data I/O
SPIS_N
I
Not used
2
2
[PS1, PS0] = [0, 1] — I2C slave mode
2
The external I C master will drive the SCL clock.
The KS8893M device addresses are:
1011_1111
<read>
1011_1110
<write>
Interface Signals
Type
Description
SPIQ
O
Not used (tri-stated)
SCL
I
I C clock
SDA
I/O
I C data I/O
SPIS_N
I
Not used
2
2
[PS1, PS0] = [1, 0] — SPI slave mode
Interface Signals
Type
Description
SPIQ
O
SPI data out
SCL
I
SPI clock
SDA
I
SPI data In
SPIS_N
I
SPI chip select
[PS1, PS0] = [1, 1] – SMI-mode
In this mode, the KS8893M provides access to all its internal
8-bit registers through its MDC and MDIO pins.
Note:
When (PS1, PS0) ≠ (1,1), the KS8893M provides access to
its 16-bit MIIM registers through its MDC and MDIO pins.
102
UNUSED
I
103
UNUSED
I
Unused pins – externally pull up for normal operation
Note:
1. I = Input.
June 2005
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M9999-063005
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KS8893M/ML/MI
Pin Number
Pin Name
Type (1)
Description
104
UNUSED
I
Unused pins – externally pull up for normal operation
105
UNUSED
I
106
DGND
Gnd
Digital ground
107
VDDIO
P
3.3V digital VDD
108
UNUSED
I
Unused pins – externally pull up for normal operation
109
UNUSED
I
110
UNUSED
I
Unused pin – externally pull down for normal operation
111
UNUSED
I
Unused pin – externally pull down for normal operation
112
UNUSED
I
Unused pin – externally pull down for normal operation
113
UNUSED
I
Unused pin – externally pull down for normal operation
114
UNUSED
I
Unused pin – externally pull down for normal operation
115
UNUSED
I
Unused pin – externally pull down for normal operation
116
UNUSED
I
Unused pin – externally pull down for normal operation
117
UNUSED
I
Unused pin – externally pull down for normal operation
118
UNUSED
I
Unused pin – externally pull down for normal operation
119
UNUSED
I
Unused pin – externally pull down for normal operation
120
UNUSED
I
Unused pin – externally pull down for normal operation
121
UNUSED
I
Unused pin – externally pull down for normal operation
122
DGND
Gnd
Digital ground
123
VDDC
P
1.2V digital VDD
124
UNUSED
I
Unused pin – externally pull down for normal operation
125
UNUSED
I
Unused pin – externally pull down for normal operation
126
UNUSED
I
Unused pin – externally pull down for normal operation
127
TESTEN
Ipd
Scan Test Enable
For normal operation, pull-down this pin to ground.
128
SCANEN
Ipd
Scan Test Scan Mux Enable
For normal operation, pull-down this pin to ground.
Note:
1. P = Power supply.
Gnd = Ground.
I = Input.
Ipd = Input w/ internal pull-down.
June 2005
19
M9999-063005
P1LED2
P1LED1
P1LED0
P2LED2
P2LED1
P2LED0
DGND
VDDIO
NC
NC
NC
ADVFC
P2ANEN
P2SPD
P2DPX
P2FFC
NC
NC
NC
P2LED3
DGND
VDDC
LEDSEL1
NC
P1LED3
RMII_EN
HWPOVR
P2MDIXDIS
P2MDIX
P1ANEN
P1SPD
P1DPX
P1FFC
NC
NC
PWRDN
AGND
VDDA
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
UNUSED
UNUSED
UNUSED
DGND
VDDIO
UNUSED
UNUSED
UNUSED
UNUSED
UNUSED
UNUSED
UNUSED
UNUSED
UNUSED
UNUSED
UNUSED
UNUSED
UNUSED
UNUSED
DGND
VDDC
UNUSED
UNUSED
UNUSED
TESTEN
SCANEN
June 2005
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
102
101
100
99
98
97
96
95
94
93
92
91
90
89
88
87
86
85
84
83
82
81
80
79
78
77
76
75
74
73
72
71
70
69
68
67
66
65
UNUSED
PS0
PS1
SPIS_N
SDA
SCL
SPIQ
MDIO
MDC
UNUSED
UNUSED
VDDC
DGND
SCONF0
SCONF1
SCRS
SCOL
SMRXD0
SMRXD1
SMRXD2
SMRXD3
SMRXDV
SMRXC
VDDIO
DGND
SMTXC / REFCLK
SMTXER
SMTXD0
SMTXD1
SMTXD2
SMTXD3
SMTXEN
LEDSEL0
UNUSED
UNUSED
RST_N
X2
X1
Micrel
KS8893M/ML/MI
Pin Configuration
20
64
63
62
61
60
59
58
57
56
55
54
53
52
51
50
49
48
47
46
45
44
43
42
41
40
39
AGND
VDDAP
AGND
ISET
TEST2
TEST1
AGND
VDDA
TXP2
TXM2
AGND
RXP2
RXM2
VDDARX
VDDATX
TXM1
TXP1
AGND
RXM1
RXP1
FXSD1
VDDA
AGND
MUX2
MUX1
AGND
128-Pin PQFP (Top View)
M9999-063005
Micrel
KS8893M/ML/MI
Functional Description
The KS8893M contains two 10/100 physical layer transceivers and three MAC units with an integrated Layer 2
managed switch.
The KS8893M has the flexibility to reside in either a managed or unmanaged design. In a managed design, the
host processor has complete control of the KS8893M via the SMI interface, MIIM interface, SPI bus, or I2C bus.
An unmanaged design is achieved through I/O strapping and/or EEPROM programming at system reset time.
On the media side, the KS8893M supports IEEE 802.3 10BASE-T and 100BASE-TX on both PHY ports, and also
100BASE-FX on PHY port 1, which allows the KS8893M to be used as a media converter.
The KS8893ML is the single supply version with all the identical rich features of the KS8893M. In the KS8893ML
version, pin number 22 provides 1.2V output power to the KS8893ML’s VDDC, VDDA, and VDDAP power pins. Refer
to the Pin Description table for information about pin 22 (Pin Description and I/0 Assignment).
Physical signal transmission and reception are enhanced through the use of patented analog circuitries that make
the design more efficient and allow for lower power consumption and smaller chip die size.
Functional Overview: Physical Layer Transceiver
100BASE-TX Transmit
The 100BASE-TX transmit function performs parallel-to-serial conversion, 4B/5B coding, scrambling, NRZ-toNRZI conversion, and MLT3 encoding and transmission.
The circuitry starts with a parallel-to-serial conversion, which converts the MII data from the MAC into a 125MHz
serial bit stream. The data and control stream is then converted into 4B/5B coding, followed by a scrambler. The
serialized data is further converted from NRZ-to-NRZI format, and then transmitted in MLT3 current output. The
output current is set by an external1% 3.01KΩ resistor for the 1:1 transformer ratio.
The output signal has a typical rise/fall time of 4ns and complies with the ANSI TP-PMD standard regarding
amplitude balance, overshoot, and timing jitter. The wave-shaped 10BASE-T output is also incorporated into the
100BASE-TX transmitter.
100BASE-TX Receive
The 100BASE-TX receiver function performs adaptive equalization, DC restoration, MLT3-to-NRZI conversion,
data and clock recovery, NRZI-to-NRZ conversion, de-scrambling, 4B/5B decoding, and serial-to-parallel
conversion.
The receiving side starts with the equalization filter to compensate for inter-symbol interference (ISI) over the
twisted pair cable. Since the amplitude loss and phase distortion is a function of the cable length, the equalizer
must adjust its characteristics to optimize performance. In this design, the variable equalizer makes an initial
estimation based on comparisons of incoming signal strength against some known cable characteristics, and then
tunes itself for optimization. This is an ongoing process and self-adjusts against environmental changes such as
temperature variations.
Next, the equalized signal goes through a DC restoration and data conversion block. The DC restoration circuit is
used to compensate for the effect of baseline wander and to improve the dynamic range. The differential data
conversion circuit converts the MLT3 format back to NRZI. The slicing threshold is also adaptive.
The clock recovery circuit extracts the 125MHz clock from the edges of the NRZI signal. This recovered clock is
then used to convert the NRZI signal into the NRZ format. This signal is sent through the de-scrambler followed
by the 4B/5B decoder. Finally, the NRZ serial data is converted to the MII format and provided as the input data to
the MAC.
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PLL Clock Synthesizer
The KS8893M generates 125MHz, 31.25MHz, 25MHz, and 10MHz clocks for system timing. Internal clocks are
generated from an external 25MHz crystal or oscillator. In RMII mode, these internal clocks are generated from
an external 50MHz oscillator or system clock.
Scrambler/De-scrambler (100BASE-TX Only)
The purpose of the scrambler is to spread the power spectrum of the signal to reduce electromagnetic
interference (EMI) and baseline wander. Transmitted data is scrambled through the use of an 11-bit wide linear
feedback shift register (LFSR). The scrambler generates a 2047-bit non-repetitive sequence, and the receiver
then de-scrambles the incoming data stream using the same sequence as at the transmitter.
100BASE-FX Operation
100BASE-FX operation is similar to 100BASE-TX operation with the differences being that the scrambler/descrambler and MLT3 encoder/decoder are bypassed on transmission and reception. In addition, auto negotiation
is bypassed and auto MDI/MDI-X is disabled.
100BASE-FX Signal Detection
In 100BASE-FX operation, FXSD1 (fiber signal detect), input pin 44, is usually connected to the fiber transceiver
SD (signal detect) output pin. 100BASE-FX mode is activated when the FXSD1 input pin is greater than 1V.
When FXSD1 is between 1V and 1.8V, no fiber signal is detected and a far-end fault (FEF) is generated. When
FXSD1 is over 2.2V, the fiber signal is detected.
Alternatively, the designer may choose not to implement the FEF feature. In this case, the FXSD1 input pin is tied
high to force 100BASE-FX mode.
100BASE-FX signal detection is summarized in the following table:
FXSD1 Input Voltage
Mode
Less than 0.2V
TX mode
Greater than 1V, but less than 1.8V
FX mode
No signal detected.
Far-end fault generated
Greater than 2.2V
FX mode
Signal detected
Table 1. FX and TX Mode Selection
To ensure proper operation, a resistive voltage divider is recommended to adjust the fiber transceiver SD output
voltage swing to match the FXSD1 pin’s input voltage threshold.
100BASE-FX Far-End Fault
A far-end fault (FEF) occurs when the signal detection is logically false on the receive side of the fiber transceiver.
The KS8893M detects a FEF when its FXSD1 input is between 1V and 1.8V. When a FEF is detected, the
KS8893M signals its fiber link partner that a FEF has occurred by sending 84 1’s followed by a zero in the idle
period between frames.
By default, FEF is enabled. FEF can be disabled through register setting.
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10BASE-T Transmit
The 10BASE-T driver is incorporated with the 100BASE-TX driver to allow for transmission using the same
magnetics. They are internally wave-shaped and pre-emphasized into outputs with a typical 2.3V amplitude. The
harmonic contents are at least 27dB below the fundamental frequency when driven by an all-ones Manchesterencoded signal.
10BASE-T Receive
On the receive side, input buffers and level detecting squelch circuits are employed. A differential input receiver
circuit and a phase-locked loop (PLL) perform the decoding function. The Manchester-encoded data stream is
separated into clock signal and NRZ data. A squelch circuit rejects signals with levels less than 400mV or with
short pulse widths to prevent noise at the RXP-or-RXM input from falsely triggering the decoder. When the input
exceeds the squelch limit, the PLL locks onto the incoming signal and the KS8893M decodes a data frame. The
receiver clock is maintained active during idle periods in between data reception.
Power Management
The KS8893M features a per-port power down mode. To save power, a PHY port that is not in use can be
powered down via port control register, or MII PHY register.
In addition, there is a full chip power down mode. When activated, the entire chip will be powered down.
MDI/MDI-X Auto Crossover
To eliminate the need for crossover cables between similar devices, the KS8893M supports HP Auto MDI/MDI-X
and IEEE 802.3u standard MDI/MDI-X auto crossover. HP Auto MDI/MDI-X is the default.
The auto-sense function detects remote transmit and receive pairs and correctly assigns transmit and receive
pairs for the KS8893M device. This feature is extremely useful when end users are unaware of cable types, and
also, saves on an additional uplink configuration connection. The auto-crossover feature can be disabled through
the port control registers, or MII PHY registers.
The IEEE 802.3u standard MDI and MDI-X definitions are:
MDI
MDI-X
RJ-45 Pins
Signals
RJ-45 Pins
Signals
1
TD+
1
RD+
2
TD-
2
RD-
3
RD+
3
TD+
6
RD-
6
TD-
Table 2. MDI/MDI-X Pin Definitions
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Straight Cable
A straight cable connects an MDI device to an MDI-X device, or an MDI-X device to an MDI device. The following
diagram depicts a typical straight cable connection between a NIC card (MDI) and a switch, or hub (MDI-X).
10/100 Ethernet
Media Dependent Interface
10/100 Ethernet
Media Dependent Interface
1
1
2
2
Transmit Pair
Receive Pair
3
Straight
Cable
3
4
4
5
5
6
6
7
7
8
8
Receive Pair
Transmit Pair
Modular Connector
(RJ-45)
HUB
(Repeater or Switch)
Modular Connector
(RJ-45)
NIC
Figure 1. Typical Straight Cable Connection
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Crossover Cable
A crossover cable connects an MDI device to another MDI device, or an MDI-X device to another MDI-X device.
The following diagram shows a typical crossover cable connection between two switches or hubs (two MDI-X
devices).
10/100 Ethernet
Media Dependent Interface
1
Receive Pair
10/100 Ethernet
Media Dependent Interface
Crossover
Cable
1
Receive Pair
2
2
3
3
4
4
5
5
6
6
7
7
8
8
Transmit Pair
Transmit Pair
Modular Connector (RJ-45)
HUB
(Repeater or Switch)
Modular Connector (RJ-45)
HUB
(Repeater or Switch)
Figure 2. Typical Crossover Cable Connection
Auto-Negotiation
The KS8893M conforms to the auto negotiation protocol, defined in Clause 28 of the IEEE 802.3u specification.
Auto-negotiation allows unshielded twisted pair (UTP) link partners to select the best common mode of operation.
In auto-negotiation, link partners advertise their capabilities across the link to each other. If auto-negotiation is not
supported or the KS8893M link partner is forced to bypass auto-negotiation, the KS8893M sets its operating
mode by observing the signal at its receiver. This is known as parallel detection, and allows the KS8893M to
establish link by listening for a fixed signal protocol in the absence of auto-negotiation advertisement protocol.
The link up process is shown in the following flow diagram.
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Start Auto Negotiation
Force Link Setting
N
o
Parallel
Operation
Yes
Bypass Auto Negotiation
and Set Link Mode
Attempt Auto
Negotiation
Listen for 100BASE-TX
Idles
Listen for 10BASE-T
Link Pulses
No
Join
Flow
Link Mode Set ?
Yes
Link Mode Set
Figure 3. Auto-Negotiation and Parallel Operation
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LinkMD Cable Diagnostics
The LinkMD feature utilizes time domain reflectometry (TDR) to analyze the cabling plant for common cabling
problems such as open circuits, short circuits and impedance mismatches.
LinkMD works by sending a pulse of known amplitude and duration down the MDI and MDI-X pairs and then
analyzes the shape of the reflected signal. Timing the pulse duration gives an indication of the distance to the
cabling fault with maximum distance of 200m and accuracy of +/- 2m. Internal circuitry displays the TDR
information in a user-readable digital format.
Note: Cable diagnostics are only valid for copper connections and do not support fiber optic operation.
Access
LinkMD is initiated by accessing registers {26,27} and {42,43}, the LinkMD Control/Status registers, for ports 1
and 2, respectively; and in conjunction with registers 29 and 45, Port Control Register 13, for ports 1 and 2,
respectively.
Alternatively, the MIIM PHY registers 0 and 29 can be used for LinkMD access.
Usage
The following is a sample procedure for using LinkMD with registers {26,27,29} on port 1.
1. Disable auto MDI/MDI-X by writing a ‘1’ to register 29, bit [2] to enable manual control over the differential pair
used to transmit the LinkMD pulse.
2. Start cable diagnostic test by writing a ‘1’ to register 26, bit [4]. This enable bit is self-clearing.
3. Wait (poll) for register 26, bit [4] to return a ‘0’, indicating cable diagnostic test is completed.
4. Read cable diagnostic test results in register 26, bits [6:5]. The results are as follows:
00 = normal condition (valid test)
01 = open condition detected in cable (valid test)
10 = short condition detected in cable (valid test)
11 = cable diagnostic test failed (invalid test)
The ‘11’ case, invalid test, occurs when the KS8893M is unable to shut down the link partner. In this instance,
the test is not run, since it would be impossible for the KS8893M to determine if the detected signal is a
reflection of the signal generated or a signal from another source.
5. Get distance to fault by concatenating register 26, bit [0] and register 27, bits [7:0]; and multiplying the result
by a constant of 0.4. The distance to the cable fault can be determined by the following formula:
D (distance to cable fault) = 0.4 x {(register 26, bit [0]),(register 27, bits [7:0])}
D (distance to cable fault) is expressed in meters.
Concatenated value of registers 26 and 27 is converted to decimal before multiplying by 0.4.
The constant (0.4) may be calibrated for different cabling conditions, including cables with a velocity of
propagation that varies significantly from the norm.
For port 2 and for the MIIM PHY registers, LinkMD usage is similar.
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Functional Overview: MAC and Switch
Address Lookup
The internal lookup table stores MAC addresses and their associated information. It contains a 1K unicast
address table plus switching information.
The KS8893M is guaranteed to learn 1K addresses and distinguishes itself from hash-based lookup tables, which
depending on the operating environment and probabilities, may not guarantee the absolute number of addresses
it can learn.
Learning
The internal lookup engine updates its table with a new entry if the following conditions are met:
1. The received packet's Source Address (SA) does not exist in the lookup table.
2. The received packet is good; the packet has no receiving errors, and is of legal length.
The lookup engine inserts the qualified SA into the table, along with the port number and time stamp. If the table
is full, the last entry of the table is deleted to make room for the new entry.
Migration
The internal lookup engine also monitors whether a station has moved. If a station has moved, it will update the
table accordingly. Migration happens when the following conditions are met:
1. The received packet's SA is in the table but the associated source port information is different.
2. The received packet is good; the packet has no receiving errors, and is of legal length.
The lookup engine will update the existing record in the table with the new source port information.
Aging
The lookup engine updates the time stamp information of a record whenever the corresponding SA appears. The
time stamp is used in the aging process. If a record is not updated for a period of time, the lookup engine removes
the record from the table. The lookup engine constantly performs the aging process and will continuously remove
aging records. The aging period is about 200 seconds. This feature can be enabled or disabled through register 3
(0x03) bit [2].
Forwarding
The KS8893M forwards packets using the algorithm that is depicted in the following flowcharts. Figure 4 shows
stage one of the forwarding algorithm where the search engine looks up the VLAN ID, static table, and dynamic
table for the destination address, and comes up with “port to forward 1” (PTF1). PTF1 is then further modified by
spanning tree, IGMP snooping, port mirroring, and port VLAN processes to come up with “port to forward 2”
(PTF2), as shown in Figure 5. The packet is sent to PTF2.
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Start
PTF1= NULL
NO
VLAN ID
Valid?
- Search VLAN table
- Ingress VLAN filtering
- Discard NPVID check
YES
Search complete.
Get PTF1 from
Static MAC Table
FOUND
Search Static
Table
This search is based on
DA or DA+FID
NOT
FOUND
Search complete.
Get PTF1 from
Dynamic MAC
Table
FOUND
Dynamic Table
Search
This search is based on
DA+FID
NOT
FOUND
Search complete.
Get PTF1 from
VLAN Table
PTF1
Figure 4. Destination Address Lookup Flow Chart, Stage 1
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PTF1
Spanning Tree
Process
- Check receiving port's receive enable bit
- Check destination port's transmit enable bit
- Check whether packets are special (BPDU
or specified)
IGMP Process
- Applied to MAC #1 and MAC #2
- MAC #3 is reserved for
microprocessor
- IGMP will be forwarded to port 3
Port Mirror
Process
-
RX Mirror
TX Mirror
RX or TX Mirror
RX and TX Mirror
Port VLAN
Membership
Check
PTF2
Figure 5. Destination Address Resolution Flow Chart, Stage 2
The KS8893M will not forward the following packets:
1. Error packets
These include framing errors, Frame Check Sequence (FCS) errors, alignment errors, and illegal size
packet errors.
2. IEEE802.3x PAUSE frames
KS8893M intercepts these packets and performs full duplex flow control accordingly.
3. "Local" packets
Based on destination address (DA) lookup. If the destination port from the lookup table matches the port
from which the packet originated, the packet is defined as "local."
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Switching Engine
The KS8893M features a high-performance switching engine to move data to and from the MACs’ packet buffers.
It operates in store and forward mode, while the efficient switching mechanism reduces overall latency.
The switching engine has a 32kB internal frame buffer. This buffer pool is shared between all three ports. There
are a total of 256 buffers available. Each buffer is sized at 128 bytes.
MAC Operation
The KS8893M strictly abides by IEEE 802.3 standards to maximize compatibility.
Inter Packet Gap (IPG)
If a frame is successfully transmitted, the 96 bits time IPG is measured between the two consecutive MTXEN. If
the current packet is experiencing collision, the 96 bits time IPG is measured from MCRS and the next MTXEN.
Back-Off Algorithm
The KS8893M implements the IEEE 802.3 standard for the binary exponential back-off algorithm, and optional
"aggressive mode" back-off. After 16 collisions, the packet is optionally dropped depending on the switch
configuration for register 4 (0x04) bit [3].
Late Collision
If a transmit packet experiences collisions after 512 bit times of the transmission, the packet is dropped.
Illegal Frames
The KS8893M discards frames less than 64 bytes, and can be programmed to accept frames up to1518 bytes,
1536 bytes or 1916 bytes. These maximum frame size settings are programmed in register 4 (0x04). Since the
KS8893M supports VLAN tags, the maximum sizing is adjusted when these tags are present.
Full Duplex Flow Control
The KS8893M supports standard IEEE 802.3x flow control frames on both transmit and receive sides.
On the receive side, if the KS8893M receives a pause control frame, the KS8893M will not transmit the next
normal frame until the timer, specified in the pause control frame, expires. If another pause frame is received
before the current timer expires, the timer will be updated with the new value in the second pause frame. During
this period (while it is flow controlled), only flow control packets from the KS8893M are transmitted.
On the transmit side, the KS8893M has intelligent and efficient ways to determine when to invoke flow control.
The flow control is based on availability of the system resources, including available buffers, available transmit
queues and available receive queues.
The KS8893M will flow control a port that has just received a packet if the destination port resource is busy. The
KS8893M issues a flow control frame (XOFF), containing the maximum pause time defined by the IEEE 802.3x
standard. Once the resource is freed up, the KS8893M sends out the other flow control frame (XON) with zero
pause time to turn off the flow control (turn on transmission to the port). A hysteresis feature is provided to prevent
the flow control mechanism from being constantly activated and deactivated.
The KS8893M flow controls all ports if the receive queue becomes full.
Half-Duplex Backpressure
A half-duplex backpressure option (not in IEEE 802.3 standards) is also provided. The activation and deactivation
conditions are the same as full duplex flow control. If backpressure is required, the KS8893M sends preambles to
defer the other stations' transmission (carrier sense deference).
To avoid jabber and excessive deference (as defined in the 802.3 standard), after a certain time, the KS8893M
discontinues the carrier sense and then raises it again quickly. This short silent time (no carrier sense) prevents
other stations from sending out packets thus keeping other stations in a carrier sense deferred state. If the port
has packets to send during a backpressure situation, the carrier sense type backpressure is interrupted and those
packets are transmitted instead. If there are no additional packets to send, carrier sense type backpressure is
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reactivated again until switch resources free up. If a collision occurs, the binary exponential back-off algorithm is
skipped and carrier sense is generated immediately, thus reducing the chance of further collisions and carrier
sense is maintained to prevent packet reception.
To ensure no packet loss in 10 BASE-T or 100 BASE-TX half duplex modes, the user must enable the following:
1. Aggressive back-off (register 3 (0x03), bit [0])
2. No excessive collision drop (register 4 (0x04), bit [3])
Note: These bits are not set as defaults as this is not the IEEE standard.
Broadcast Storm Protection
The KS8893M has an intelligent option to protect the switch system from receiving too many broadcast packets.
As the broadcast packets are forwarded to all ports except the source port, an excessive number of switch
resources (bandwidth and available space in transmit queues) may be utilized. The KS8893M has the option to
include “multicast packets” for storm control. The broadcast storm rate parameters are programmed globally, and
can be enabled or disabled on a per port basis. The rate is based on a 67ms interval for 100BT and a 500ms
interval for 10BT. At the beginning of each interval, the counter is cleared to zero, and the rate limit mechanism
starts to count the number of bytes during the interval. The rate definition is described in register 6 (0x06) and 7
(0x07). The default setting is 0x63 (99 decimal). This is equal to a rate of 1%, calculated as follows:
148,800 frames/sec * 67ms/interval * 1% = 99 frames/interval (approx.) = 0x63
Note: 148,800 frames/sec is based on 64-byte block of packets in 100BASE-TX with 12 bytes of IPG and 8 bytes
of preamble between two packets.
MII Interface Operation
The Media Independent Interface (MII) is specified in Clause 22 of the IEEE 802.3u Standard. It provides a
common interface between physical layer and MAC layer devices. The MII provided by the KS8893M is
connected to the device’s third MAC. The interface contains two distinct groups of signals: one for transmission
and the other for reception. The following table describes the signals used by the MII bus.
KS8893M PHY-Mode Connections
KS8893M MAC-Mode Connections
External MAC
Controller Signals
KS8893M
PHY Signals
Pin
Descriptions
External
PHY Signals
KS8893M
MAC Signals
MTXEN
SMTXEN
Transmit enable
MTXEN
SMRXDV
MTXER
SMTXER
Transmit error
MTXER
(not used)
MTXD3
SMTXD[3]
Transmit data bit 3
MTXD3
SMRXD[3]
MTXD2
SMTXD[2]
Transmit data bit 2
MTXD2
SMRXD[2]
MTXD1
SMTXD[1]
Transmit data bit 1
MTXD1
SMRXD[1]
MTXD0
SMTXD[0]
Transmit data bit 0
MTXD0
SMRXD[0]
MTXC
SMTXC
Transmit clock
MTXC
SMRXC
MCOL
SCOL
Collision detection
MCOL
SCOL
MCRS
SCRS
Carrier sense
MCRS
SCRS
MRXDV
SMRXDV
Receive data valid
MRXDV
SMTXEN
MRXER
(not used)
Receive error
MRXER
SMTXER
MRXD3
SMRXD[3]
Receive data bit 3
MRXD3
SMTXD[3]
MRXD2
SMRXD[2]
Receive data bit 2
MRXD2
SMTXD[2]
MRXD1
SMRXD[1]
Receive data bit 1
MRXD1
SMTXD[1]
MRXD0
SMRXD[0]
Receive data bit 0
MRXD0
SMTXD[0]
MRXC
SMRXC
Receive clock
MRXC
SMTXC
Table 3. MII Signals
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The MII operates in either PHY mode or MAC mode. The data interface is a nibble wide and runs at ¼ the
network bit rate (not encoded). Additional signals on the transmit side indicate when data is valid or when an error
occurs during transmission. Similarly, the receive side has signals that convey when the data is valid and without
physical layer errors. For half duplex operation, the SCOL signal indicates if a collision has occurred during
transmission.
The KS8893M does not provide the MRXER signal for PHY mode operation and the MTXER signal for MAC
mode operation. Normally, MRXER indicates a receive error coming from the physical layer device and MTXER
indicates a transmit error from the MAC device. Since the switch filters error frames, these MII error signals are
not used by the KS8893M. So, for PHY mode operation, if the device interfacing with the KS8893M has an
MRXER input pin, it needs to be tied low. And, for MAC mode operation, if the device interfacing with the
KS8893M has an MTXER input pin, it also needs to be tied low.
RMII Interface Operation
The Reduced Media Independent Interface (RMII) specifies a low pin count Media Independent Interface (MII).
RMII provides a common interface between physical layer and MAC layer devices, is fully compliant with the IEEE
802.3u Standard, and has the following key characteristics:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Supports 10Mbps and 100Mbps data rates.
Uses a single 50 MHz clock reference (provided externally).
Provides independent 2-bit wide (di-bit) transmit and receive data paths.
Contains two distinct groups of signals: one for transmission and the other for reception
The RMII provided by the KS8893M is connected to the device’s third MAC. It complies with the RMII
Specification. The following table describes the signals used by the RMII bus. Refer to RMII Specification for full
detail on the signal description.
RMII
Signal Name
Direction
(with respect
to the PHY)
Direction
(with respect
to the MAC)
REF_CLK
Input
Input or
Output
CRS_DV
Output
Input
RXD1
Output
Input
Synchronous 50 MHz clock
reference for receive, transmit
and control interface
Carrier sense/
Receive data valid
Receive data bit 1
RXD0
Output
Input
Receive data bit 0
SMRXD[0] (output)
TX_EN
Input
Output
Transmit enable
SMTXEN (input)
TXD1
Input
Output
Transmit data bit 1
SMTXD[1] (input)
TXD0
Input
Output
Transmit data bit 0
SMTXD[0] (input)
RX_ER
Output
Input
(not required)
Receive error
(not used)
RMII
Signal Description
KS8893M RMII
Signal (direction)
REFCLK (input)
SMRXDV (output)
SMRXD[1] (output)
SMTXER* (input)
---
---
---
---
* Connects to RX_ER signal
of RMII PHY device
Table 4: RMII Signal Description
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The KS8893M filters error frames, and thus does not implement the RX_ER output signal. To detect error frames
from RMII PHY devices, the SMTXER input signal of the KS8893M is connected to the RXER output signal of the
RMII PHY device.
Collision detection is implemented in accordance with the RMII Specification.
In RMII mode, tie MII signals, SMTXD[3:2] and SMTXER, to ground if they are not used.
The KS8893M RMII can interface with RMII PHY and RMII MAC devices. The latter allows two KS8893M devices
to be connected back-to-back. The following table shows the KS8893M RMII pin connections with an external
RMII PHY and an external RMII MAC, such as another KS8893M device.
KS8893M PHY-MAC Connections
External
KS8893M
PHY Signals
MAC Signals
REF_CLK
REFCLK
TX_EN
SMRXDV
TXD1
SMRXD[1]
Pin
Descriptions
Reference Clock
Carrier sense/
Receive data valid
Receive data bit 1
TXD0
SMRXD[0]
Receive data bit 0
CRS_DV
SMTXEN
RXD1
SMTXD[1]
RXD0
RX_ER
KS8893M MAC-MAC Connections
KS8893M
External
MAC Signals
MAC Signals
REFCLK
REF_CLK
SMRXDV
TX_EN
SMRXD[1]
TXD1
SMRXD[0]
TXD0
Transmit enable
SMTXEN
CRS_DV
Transmit data bit 1
SMTXD[1]
RXD1
SMTXD[0]
Transmit data bit 0
SMTXD[0]
RXD0
SMTXER
Receive error
(not used)
(not used)
Table 5: RMII Signal Connections
SNI (7-Wire) Operation
The serial network interface (SNI) or 7-wire is compatible with some controllers used for network layer protocol
processing. In SNI mode, the KS8893M acts like a PHY and the external controller functions as the MAC. The
KS8893M can interface directly with external controllers using the 7-wire interface. These signals are divided into
two groups, one for transmission and the other for reception. The signals involved are described in the following
table.
Pin Descriptions
External MAC
Controller Signals
KS8893M
PHY Signals
Transmit enable
TXEN
SMTXEN
Serial transmit data
TXD
SMTXD[0]
Transmit clock
TXC
SMTXC
Collision detection
COL
SCOL
Carrier sense
CRS
SMRXDV
Serial receive data
RXD
SMRXD[0]
Receive clock
RXC
SMRXC
Table 6. SNI Signals
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The SNI interface is a bit wide data interface and therefore runs at the network bit rate (not encoded). An
additional signal on the transmit side indicates when data is valid. Similarly, the receive side has an indicator that
conveys when the data is valid.
For half duplex operation, the KS8893M’s SCOL signal is used to indicate that a collision has occurred during
transmission.
MII Management Interface (MIIM)
The KS8893M supports the IEEE 802.3 MII Management Interface, also known as the Management Data
Input/Output (MDIO) Interface. This interface allows upper-layer devices to monitor and control the states of the
KS8893M. An external device with MDC/MDIO capability is used to read the PHY status or configure the PHY
settings. Further detail on the MIIM interface is found in Clause 22.2.4.5 of the IEEE 802.3u Specification.
The MIIM interface consists of the following:
A physical connection that incorporates the data line (MDIO) and the clock line (MDC).
A specific protocol that operates across the aforementioned physical connection that allows an external
controller to communicate with the KS8893M device.
Access to a set of eight 16-bit registers, consisting of six standard MIIM registers [0:5] and two custom
MIIM registers [29, 31].
The following table depicts the MII Management Interface frame format.
Preamble
Start of
Frame
Read/Write
PHY
REG
OP Code
Address
Address
Bits [4:0]
Bits [4:0]
TA
Data
Idle
Bits [15:0]
Read
32 1’s
01
10
AAAAA
RRRRR
Z0
DDDDDDDD_DDDDDDDD
Z
Write
32 1’s
01
01
AAAAA
RRRRR
10
DDDDDDDD_DDDDDDDD
Z
Table 7. MII Management Interface Frame Format
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Serial Management Interface (SMI)
The SMI is the KS8893M non-standard MIIM interface that provides access to all KS8893M configuration
registers. This interface allows an external device to completely monitor and control the states of the KS8893M.
The SMI interface consists of the following:
A physical connection that incorporates the data line (MDIO) and the clock line (MDC).
A specific protocol that operates across the aforementioned physical connection that allows an external
controller to communicate with the KS8893M device.
Access to all KS8893M configuration registers. Register access includes the Global, Port and
Advanced Control Registers 0-141 (0x00 – 0x8D), and indirect access to the standard MIIM registers
[0:5] and custom MIIM registers [29, 31].
The following table depicts the SMI frame format.
Preamble
Start of
Frame
Read/Write
PHY
REG
OP Code
Address
Address
Bits [4:0]
Bits [4:0]
TA
Data
Idle
Bits [15:0]
Read
32 1’s
01
00
1xRRR
RRRRR
Z0
0000_0000_DDDD_DDDD
Z
Write
32 1’s
01
00
0xRRR
RRRRR
10
xxxx_xxxx_DDDD_DDDD
Z
Table 8. Serial Management Interface (SMI) Frame Format
SMI register read access is selected when OP Code is set to “00” and bit 4 of the PHY address is set to ‘1’. SMI
register write access is selected when OP Code is set to “00” and bit 4 of the PHY address is set to ‘0’. PHY
address bit[3] is undefined for SMI register access, and hence can be set to either ‘0’ or ‘1’ in read/write
operations.
To access the KS8893M registers 0-141 (0x00 – 0x8D), the following applies:
PHYAD[2:0] and REGAD[4:0] are concatenated to form the 8-bit address;
that is, {PHYAD[2:0], REGAD[4:0]} = bits [7:0] of the 8-bit address.
Registers are 8 data bits wide.
For read operation, data bits [15:8] are read back as 0’s.
For write operation, data bits [15:8] are not defined, and hence can be set to either ‘0’ or ‘1’.
SMI register access is the same as the MIIM register access, except for the register access requirements
presented in this section.
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Advanced Switch Functions
Spanning Tree Support
To support spanning tree, port 3 is the designated port for the processor.
The other ports (port 1 and port 2) can be configured in one of the five spanning tree states via “transmit enable”,
“receive enable” and “learning disable” register settings in registers 18 and 34 for ports 1 and 2, respectively. The
following table shows the port setting and software actions taken for each of the five spanning tree states.
Disable State
Port Setting
Software Action
The port should
not forward or
receive any
packets. Learning
is disabled.
“transmit
enable = 0,
receive
enable = 0,
learning
disable =1”
The processor should not send any packets to the port. The switch may still
send specific packets to the processor (packets that match some entries in
the “static MAC table” with “overriding bit” set) and the processor should
discard those packets. Address learning is disabled on the port in this
state.
Blocking State
Port Setting
Software Action
Only packets to
the processor are
forwarded.
Learning is
disabled.
“transmit
enable = 0,
receive
enable = 0,
learning
disable =1”
The processor should not send any packets to the port(s) in this state. The
processor should program the “Static MAC table” with the entries that it
needs to receive (for example, BPDU packets). The “overriding” bit should
also be set so that the switch will forward those specific packets to the
processor. Address learning is disabled on the port in this state.
Listening State
Port Setting
Software Action
Only packets to
and from the
processor are
forwarded.
Learning is
disabled.
“transmit
enable = 0,
receive
enable = 0,
learning
disable =1”
The processor should program the “Static MAC table” with the entries that it
needs to receive (for example, BPDU packets). The “overriding” bit should
be set so that the switch will forward those specific packets to the
processor. The processor may send packets to the port(s) in this state. See
“Special Tagging Mode” for details. Address learning is disabled on the port
in this state.
Learning State
Port Setting
Software Action
Only packets to
and from the
processor are
forwarded.
Learning is
enabled.
“transmit
enable = 0,
receive
enable = 0,
learning
disable = 0”
The processor should program the “Static MAC table” with the entries that it
needs to receive (for example, BPDU packets). The “overriding” bit should
be set so that the switch will forward those specific packets to the
processor. The processor may send packets to the port(s) in this state. See
“Special Tagging Mode” for details. Address learning is enabled on the port
in this state.
Forwarding
State
Port Setting
Software Action
Packets are
forwarded and
received normally.
Learning is
enabled.
“transmit
enable = 1,
receive
enable = 1,
learning
disable = 0”
The processor programs the “Static MAC table” with the entries that it
needs to receive (for example, BPDU packets). The “overriding” bit is set so
that the switch forwards those specific packets to the processor. The
processor can send packets to the port(s) in this state. See “Special
Tagging Mode” for details. Address learning is enabled on the port in this
state.
Table 9: Spanning Tree States
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Special Tagging Mode
Special Tagging Mode is designed for spanning tree protocol IGMP snooping and is flexible for use in other
applications. Special Tagging, similar to 802.1Q Tagging, requires software to change network drivers to
insert/modify/strip/interpret the special tag. This mode is enabled by setting both register 11 bit [0] and register 48
bit [2] to ‘1’.
802.1Q Tag Format
Special Tag Format
TPID (tag protocol identifier, 0x8100) + TCI.
STPID (special tag identifier, 0x810 +
4 bit for “port mask”) + TCI
Table 10. Special Tagging Mode Format
The STPID is only seen and used by the port 3 interface, which should be connected to a processor. Packets
from the processor to the switch’s port 3 should be tagged with the STPID and the port mask, defined as follows:
“0001”, forward packet to port 1 only
“0010”, forward packet to port 2 only
“0011”, broadcast packet to port 1 and port 2
Packets with normal tags (“0000” port masks) will use KS8893M internal MAC table lookup to determine the
forwarding port(s). Also, if packets from the processor are not tagged, the KS8893M will treat them as normal
packets and use internal MAC table lookup to determine the forwarding port(s).
The KS8893M uses a non-zero “port mask” to bypass the internal MAC table lookup result, and override any port
setting, regardless of port states (disable, blocking, listening, learning). The table below shows the processor to
switch egress rules when dealing with STPID.
Ingress Tag Field
TX port “tag
insertion”
TX port “tag
removal”
Egress Action to Tag Field
- Modify tag field to 0x8100
(0x810+ port mask)
0
- Recalculate CRC
0
- No change to TCI if not null VID
- Replace VID with ingress (port 3) port
VID if null VID
- (STPID + TCI) will be removed
(0x810+ port mask)
0
1
- Padding to 64 bytes if necessary
- Recalculate CRC
- Modify tag field to 0x8100
(0x810+ port mask)
1
- Recalculate CRC
0
- No change to TCI if not null VID
- Replace VID with ingress (port 3) port
VID if null VID
- Modify tag field to 0x8100
(0x810+ port mask)
1
- Recalculate CRC
1
- No change to TCI if not null VID
- Replace VID with ingress (port 3) port
VID if null VID
Not Tagged
Don’t care
Don’t care
- Determined by the Dynamic MAC
Address Table
Table 11. STPID Egress Rules (Processor to Switch Port 3)
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For packets from regular ports (port 1 & port 2) to port 3, the port mask is used to tell the processor which port the
packets were received on, defined as follows:
“0001”, packet from port 1
“0010”, packet from port 2
No port mask values, other than the previous two defined ones, should be received in this direction in Special
Tagging Mode. The switch to processor egress rules are defined as follows:
Ingress Packets
Egress Action to Tag Field
- Modify TPID to 0x810 + “port mask”, which indicates source port.
Tagged with 0x8100 + TCI
- No change to TCI if VID is not null
- Replace null VID with ingress port VID
- Recalculate CRC
- Insert TPID to 0x810 + “port mask”, which indicates source port
Not tagged.
- Insert TCI with ingress port VID
- Recalculate CRC
Table 12. STPID Egress Rules (Switch Port 3 to Processor)
IGMP Support
For Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) support in layer 2, the KS8893M provides two components:
IGMP Snooping
The KS8893M traps IGMP packets and forwards them only to the processor (port 3). The IGMP packets are
identified as IP packets (either Ethernet IP packets, or IEEE 802.3 SNAP IP packets) with IP version = 0x4 and
protocol version number = 0x2.
Multicast Address Insertion in the Static MAC Table
Once the multicast address is programmed in the Static MAC Table, the multicast session is trimmed to the
subscribed ports, instead of broadcasting to all ports.
To enable IGMP support, set register 5 bit [6] to ‘1’. Also, Special Tagging Mode needs to be enabled, so that the
processor knows which port the IGMP packet was received on. This is achieved by setting both register 11 bit [0]
and register 48 bit [2] to ‘1’.
IPv6 MLD Snooping
The KS8893M traps IPv6 Multicast Listener Discovery (MLD) packets and forwards them only to the processor
(port 3). MLD snooping is controlled by register 5 bit 5 (MLD snooping enable) and register 5 bit 4 (MLD option).
With MLD snooping enabled, the KS8893M traps packets that meet all of the following conditions:
•
•
•
IPv6 multicast packets
Hop count limit = 1
IPv6 next header = 1 or 58 (or = 0 with hop-by-hop next header = 1 or 58)
If the MLD option bit is set to “1”, the KS8893M traps packets with the following additional condition:
•
IPv6 next header = 43, 44, 50, 51, or 60 (or = 0 with hop-by-hop next header = 43, 44, 50, 51, or
60)
For MLD snooping, Special Tagging Mode also needs to be enabled, so that the processor knows which port the
MLD packet was received on. This is achieved by setting both register 11 bit [0] and register 48 bit [2] to ‘1’.
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Port Mirroring Support
KS8893M supports “Port Mirroring” comprehensively as:
“receive only” mirror on a port
All the packets received on the port are mirrored on the sniffer port. For example, port 1 is programmed to
be “receive sniff” and port 3 is programmed to be the “sniffer port”. A packet received on port 1 is destined
to port 2 after the internal lookup. The KS8893M forwards the packet to both port 2 and port 3. The
KS8893M can optionally even forward “bad” received packets to the “sniffer port”.
“transmit only” mirror on a port
All the packets transmitted on the port are mirrored on the sniffer port. For example, port 1 is programmed
to be “transmit sniff” and port 3 is programmed to be the “sniffer port”. A packet received on port 2 is
destined to port 1 after the internal lookup. The KS8893M forwards the packet to both port 1 and port 3.
“receive and transmit” mirror on two ports
All the packets received on port A and transmitted on port B are mirrored on the sniffer port. To turn on
the “AND” feature, set register 5 bit [0] to ‘1’. For example, port 1 is programmed to be “receive sniff”, port
2 is programmed to be “transmit sniff”, and port 3 is programmed to be the “sniffer port”. A packet
received on port 1 is destined to port 2 after the internal lookup. The KS8893M forwards the packet to
both port 2 and port 3.
Multiple ports can be selected as “receive sniff” or “transmit sniff”. In addition, any port can be selected as the
“sniffer port”. All these per port features can be selected through registers 17, 33 and 49 for ports 1, 2 and 3,
respectively.
IEEE 802.1Q VLAN Support
The KS8893M supports 16 active VLANs out of the 4096 possible VLANs specified in the IEEE 802.1Q
specification. KS8893M provides a 16-entries VLAN Table, which converts the 12-bits VLAN ID (VID) to the 4-bits
Filter ID (FID) for address lookup. If a non-tagged or null-VID-tagged packet is received, the ingress port default
VID is used for lookup. In VLAN mode, the lookup process starts with VLAN Table lookup to determine whether
the VID is valid. If the VID is not valid, the packet is dropped and its address is not learned. If the VID is valid, the
FID is retrieved for further lookup. The FID + Destination Address (FID+DA) are used to determine the destination
port. The FID + Source Address (FID+SA) are used for address learning.
DA found in
Static MAC
Table?
Use FID flag?
FID match?
DA+FID
found in
Dynamic
MAC Table?
Action
No
Don’t care
Don’t care
No
Broadcast to the membership ports
defined in the VLAN Table bits [18:16]
No
Don’t care
Don’t care
Yes
Send to the destination port defined in the
Dynamic MAC Address Table bits [53:52]
Yes
0
Don’t care
Don’t care
Send to the destination port(s) defined in
the Static MAC Address Table bits [50:48]
Yes
1
No
No
Broadcast to the membership ports
defined in the VLAN Table bits [18:16]
Yes
1
No
Yes
Send to the destination port defined in the
Dynamic MAC Address Table bits [53:52]
Yes
1
Yes
Don’t care
Send to the destination port(s) defined in
the Static MAC Address Table bits [50:48]
Table 13. FID+DA Lookup in VLAN Mode
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FID+SA found in Dynamic
MAC Table?
Action
No
Learn and add FID+SA to the Dynamic MAC Address Table
Yes
Update time stamp
Table 14. FID+SA Lookup in VLAN Mode
Advanced VLAN features, such as “Ingress VLAN filtering” and “Discard Non PVID packets” are also supported
by the KS8893M. These features can be set on a per port basis, and are defined in register 18, 34 and 50 for
ports 1, 2 and 3, respectively.
QoS Priority Support
The KS8893M provides Quality of Service (QoS) for applications such as VoIP and video conferencing. Offering
four priority queues per port, the per-port transmit queue can be split into four priority queues: Queue 3 is the
highest priority queue and Queue 0 is the lowest priority queue. Bit [0] of registers 16, 32 and 48 is used to enable
split transmit queues for ports 1, 2 and 3, respectively. If a port's transmit queue is not split, high priority and low
priority packets have equal priority in the transmit queue.
There is an additional option to either always deliver high priority packets first or use weighted fair queuing for the
four priority queues. This global option is set and explained in bit [3] of register 5.
Port-Based Priority
With port-based priority, each ingress port is individually classified as a high priority receiving port. All packets
received at the high priority receiving port are marked as high priority and are sent to the high-priority transmit
queue if the corresponding transmit queue is split. Bits [4:3] of registers 16, 32 and 48 are used to enable portbased priority for ports 1, 2 and 3, respectively.
802.1p-Based Priority
For 802.1p-based priority, the KS8893M examines the ingress (incoming) packets to determine whether they are
tagged. If tagged, the 3-bit priority field in the VLAN tag is retrieved and compared against the “priority mapping”
value, as specified by the registers 12 and 13. The “priority mapping” value is programmable.
The following figure illustrates how the 802.1p priority field is embedded in the 802.1Q VLAN tag.
8
6
6
2
2
2
Preamble
DA
SA
VPID
TCI
length
Bits
802.1q VLAN Tag
16
Tagged Packet Type
(8100 for Ethernet)
3
1
802.1p
CFI
Bytes
46-1500
LLC
Data
4
FCS
12
VLAN ID
Figure 6. 802.1p Priority Field Format
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802.1p-based priority is enabled by bit 5 of registers 16, 32 and 48 for ports 1, 2 and 3, respectively.
The KS8893M provides the option to insert or remove the priority tagged frame's header at each individual egress
port. This header, consisting of the 2 bytes VLAN Protocol ID (VPID) and the 2-byte Tag Control Information field
(TCI), is also referred to as the IEEE 802.1Q VLAN tag.
Tag Insertion is enabled by bit [2] of registers 16, 32 and 48 for ports 1, 2 and 3, respectively. At the egress port,
untagged packets are tagged with the ingress port’s default tag. The default tags are programmed in register sets
{19,20}, {35,36} and {51,52} for ports 1, 2 and 3, respectively. The KS8893M will not add tags to already tagged
packets.
Tag Removal is enabled by bit [1] of registers 16, 32 and 48 for ports 1, 2 and 3, respectively. At the egress port,
tagged packets will have their 802.1Q VLAN Tags removed. The KS8893M will not modify untagged packets.
The CRC is recalculated for both tag insertion and tag removal.
802.1p Priority Field Re-mapping is a QoS feature that allows the KS8893M to set the “User Priority Ceiling” at
any ingress port. If the ingress packet’s priority field has a higher priority value than the default tag’s priority field
of the ingress port, the packet’s priority field is replaced with the default tag’s priority field. The “User Priority
Ceiling” is enabled by bit [3] of registers 17, 33 and 49 for ports 1, 2 and 3, respectively.
DiffServ-Based Priority
DiffServ-based priority uses the ToS registers (registers 96 to 111) in the Advanced Control Registers section.
The ToS priority control registers implement a fully decoded, 64-bit Differentiated Services Code Point (DSCP)
register to determine packet priority from the 6-bit ToS field in the IP header. When the most significant 6 bits of
the ToS field are fully decoded, the resultant of the 64 possibilities is compared with the corresponding bits in the
DSCP register to determine priority.
Rate Limiting Support
The KS8893M supports hardware rate limiting from 64 Kbps to 88 Mbps, independently on the “receive side” and
on the “transmit side” on a per port basis. For 10BASE-T, a rate setting above 10 Mbps means the rate is not
limited. On the receive side, the data receive rate for each priority at each port can be limited by setting up
Ingress Rate Control Registers. On the transmit side, the data transmit rate for each priority queue at each port
can be limited by setting up Egress Rate Control Registers. The size of each frame has options to include
minimum IFG (Inter Frame Gap) or Preamble byte, in addition to the data field (from packet DA to FCS).
For ingress rate limiting, KS8893M provides options to selectively choose frames from all types, multicast,
broadcast, and flooded unicast frames. The KS8893M counts the data rate from those selected type of frames.
Packets are dropped at the ingress port when the data rate exceeds the specified rate limit.
For egress rate limiting, the Leaky Bucket algorithm is applied to each output priority queue for shaping output
traffic. Inter frame gap is stretched on a per frame base to generate smooth, non-burst egress traffic. The
throughput of each output priority queue is limited by the egress rate specified.
If any egress queue receives more traffic than the specified egress rate throughput, packets may be accumulated
in the output queue and packet memory. After the memory of the queue or the port is used up, packet dropping or
flow control will be triggered. As a result of congestion, the actual egress rate may be dominated by flow
control/dropping at the ingress end, and may be therefore slightly less than the specified egress rate.
To reduce congestion, it is a good practice to make sure the egress bandwidth exceeds the ingress bandwidth.
Unicast MAC Address Filtering
The unicast MAC address filtering function works in conjunction with the static MAC address table. First, the
static MAC address table is used to assign a dedicated MAC address to a specific port. If a unicast MAC address
is not recorded in the static table, it is also not learned in the dynamic MAC table. The KS8893M is then
configured with the option to either filter or forward unicast packets for an unknown MAC address. This option is
enabled and configured in register 14.
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This function is useful in preventing the broadcast of unicast packets that could degrade the quality of the port in
applications such as voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP).
Configuration Interface
The KS8893M can operate as both a managed switch and an unmanaged switch.
In unmanaged mode, the KS8893M is typically programmed using an EEPROM. If no EEPROM is present, the
KS8893M is configured using its default register settings. Some defaults settings are configured via strap-in pin
options. The strap-in pins are indicated in the “KS8893M Pin Description and I/O Assignment” table.
I2C Master Serial Bus Configuration
With an additional I2C (“2-wire”) EEPROM, the KS8893M can perform more advanced switch features like
“broadcast storm protection” and “rate control” without the need of an external processor.
For KS8893M I2C Master configuration, the EEPROM stores the configuration data for register 0 to register 120
(as defined in the KS8893M register map) with the exception of the “Read Only” status registers. After the deassertion of reset, the KS8893M sequentially reads in the configuration data for all 121 registers, starting from
register 0. The configuration access time (tprgm) is less than 15 ms, as depicted in the following figure.
RST_N
....
SCL
....
SDA
....
tprgm<15 ms
Figure 7. KS8893M EEPROM Configuration Timing Diagram
The following is a sample procedure for programming the KS8893M with a pre-configured EEPROM:
1. Connect the KS8893M to the EEPROM by joining the SCL and SDA signals of the respective devices. For the
KS8893M, SCL is pin 97 and SDA is pin 98.
2. Enable I2C master mode by setting the KS8893M strap-in pins, PS[1:0] (pins 100 and 101, respectively) to
“00”.
3. Check to ensure that the KS8893M reset signal input, RST_N (pin 67), is properly connected to the external
reset source at the board level.
4. Program the desired configuration data into the EEPROM.
5. Place the EEPROM on the board and power up the board.
6. Assert an active-low reset to the RST_N pin of the KS8893M. After reset is de-asserted, the KS8893M begins
reading the configuration data from the EEPROM. The KS8893M checks that the first byte read from the
EEPROM is “88”. If this value is correct, EEPROM configuration continues. If not, EEPROM configuration
access is denied and all other data sent from the EEPROM is ignored by the KS8893M. The configuration
access time (tprgm) is less than 15ms.
Note: For proper operation, check to ensure that the KS8893M PWRDN input signal (pin 36) is not asserted
during the reset operation. The PWRDN input is active low.
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I2C Slave Serial Bus Configuration
In managed mode, the KS8893M can be configured as an I2C slave device. In this mode, an I2C master device
(external controller/CPU) has complete programming access to the KS8893M’s 142 registers. Programming
access includes the Global Registers, Port Registers, Advanced Control Registers and indirect access to the
“Static MAC Table”, “VLAN Table”, “Dynamic MAC Table,” and “MIB Counters.” The tables and counters are
indirectly accessed via registers 121 to 131.
In I2C slave mode, the KS8893M operates like other I2C slave devices. Addressing the KS8893M’s 8-bit registers
is similar to addressing Atmel’s AT24C02 EEPROM’s memory locations. Details of I2C read/write operations and
related timing information can be found in the AT24C02 Datasheet.
Two fixed 8-bit device addresses are used to address the KS8893M in I2C slave mode. One is for read; the other
is for write. The addresses are as follow:
1011_1111 <read>
1011_1110 <write>
The following is a sample procedure for programming the KS8893M using the I2C slave serial bus:
1. Enable I2C slave mode by setting the KS8893M strap-in pins PS[1:0] (pins 100 and 101, respectively) to “01”.
2. Power up the board and assert reset to the KS8893M. After reset, the “Start Switch” bit (register 1 bit [0]) is
set to ‘0’.
3. Configure the desired register settings in the KS8893M, using the I2C write operation.
4. Read back and verify the register settings in the KS8893M, using the I2C read operation.
5. Write a ‘1’ to the “Start Switch” bit to start the KS8893M with the programmed settings.
Note: The “Start Switch” bit cannot be set to ‘0’ to stop the switch after an ‘1’ is written to this bit. Thus, it is
recommended that all switch configuration settings are programmed before the “Start Switch” bit is set to ‘1’.
Some of the configuration settings, such as “Aging enable”, “Auto Negotiation Enable”, “Force Speed” and “Power
down” can be programmed after the switch has been started.
SPI Slave Serial Bus Configuration
In managed mode, the KS8893M can be configured as a SPI slave device. In this mode, a SPI master device
(external controller/CPU) has complete programming access to the KS8893M’s 142 registers. Programming
access includes the Global Registers, Port Registers, Advanced Control Registers and indirect access to the
“Static MAC Table”, “VLAN Table”, “Dynamic MAC Table” and “MIB Counters”. The tables and counters are
indirectly accessed via registers 121 to 131.
The KS8893M supports two standard SPI commands: ‘0000_0011’ for data read and ‘0000_0010’ for data write.
SPI multiple read and multiple write are also supported by the KS8893M to expedite register read back and
register configuration, respectively.
SPI multiple read is initiated when the master device continues to drive the KS8893M SPIS_N input pin (SPI
Slave Select signal) low after a byte (a register) is read. The KS8893M internal address counter increments
automatically to the next byte (next register) after the read. The next byte at the next register address is shifted
out onto the KS8893M SPIQ output pin. SPI multiple read continues until the SPI master device terminates it by
de-asserting the SPIS_N signal to the KS8893M.
Similarly, SPI multiple write is initiated when the master device continues to drive the KS8893M SPIS_N input pin
low after a byte (a register) is written. The KS8893M internal address counter increments automatically to the next
byte (next register) after the write. The next byte that is sent from the master device to the KS8893M SDA input
pin is written to the next register address. SPI multiple write continues until the SPI master device terminates it by
de-asserting the SPIS_N signal to the KS8893M.
For both SPI multiple read and multiple write, the KS8893M internal address counter wraps back to register
address zero once the highest register address is reached. This feature allows all 142 KS8893M registers to be
read, or written with a single SPI command and any initial register address.
The KS8893M is capable of supporting a 5MHz SPI bus.
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The following is a sample procedure for programming the KS8893M using the SPI bus:
1. At the board level, connect the KS8893M pins as follows:
KS8893M Pin #
KS8893M Signal Name
External Processor Signal Description
99
SPIS_N
SPI Slave Select
97
SCL
(SPIC)
SPI Clock
98
SDA
(SPID)
SPI Data
(Master output; Slave input)
96
SPIQ
SPI Data
(Master input; Slave output)
Table 15. KS8893M SPI Connections
2. Enable SPI slave mode by setting the KS8893M strap-in pins PS[1:0] (pins 100 and 101, respectively) to “10”.
3. Power up the board and assert reset to the KS8893M.
After reset, the “Start Switch” bit (register 1 bit [0]) is set to ‘0’.
4. Configure the desired register settings in the KS8893M, using the SPI write or multiple write command.
5. Read back and verify the register settings in the KS8893M, using the SPI read or multiple read command.
6. Write a ‘1’ to the “Start Switch” bit to start the KS8893M with the programmed settings.
Note: The “Start Switch” bit cannot be set to ‘0’ to stop the switch after an ‘1’ is written to this bit. Thus, it is
recommended that all switch configuration settings are programmed before the “Start Switch” bit is set to ‘1’.
Some of the configuration settings, such as “Aging enable”, “Auto Negotiation Enable”, “Force Speed” and “Power
down” can be programmed after the switch has been started.
The following four figures illustrate the SPI data cycles for “Write”, “Read”, “Multiple Write” and “Multiple Read”.
The read data is registered out of SPIQ on the falling edge of SPIC, and the data input on SPID is registered on
the rising edge of SPIC.
SPIS_N
SPIC
SPID
X
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
A7
A6
A5
A4
A3
A2
A1
A0
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
SPIQ
WRITE COMMAND
WRITE ADDRESS
WRITE DATA
Figure 8. SPI Write Data Cycle
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SPIS_N
SPIC
SPID
X
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
A7
A6
A5 A4
A3 A2
A1
A0
SPIQ
D7
READ COMMAND
D6
READ ADDRESS
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
READ DATA
Figure 9. SPI Read Data Cycle
SPIS_N
SPIC
SPID
X
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
A7
A6
A5
A4
A3
A2
A1
A0
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
D2
D1
D0
SPIQ
WRITE COMMAND
WRITE ADDRESS
Byte 1
SPIS_N
SPIC
SPID
D7
D6
D5
D4
D4
D2
D1
D0
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
SPIQ
Byte 2
Byte 3 ...
Byte N
Figure 10. SPI Multiple Write
SPIS_N
SPIC
SPID
X
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
A7
A6
A5
A4
A3
A2
A1
SPIQ
READ COMMAND
A0
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
READ ADDRESS
Byte 1
SPIS_N
SPIC
SPID
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
SPIQ
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
Byte 2
Byte 3
Byte N
Figure 11. SPI Multiple Read
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Loopback Support
The KS8893M provides loopback support for remote diagnostic of failure. In loopback mode, the speed at both
PHY ports needs to be set to 100BASE-TX. Two types of loopback are supported: Far-end Loopback and Nearend (Remote) Loopback.
Far-end Loopback
Far-end loopback is conducted between the KS8893M’s two PHY ports. The loopback path starts at the
“Originating.” PHY port’s receive inputs (RXP/RXM), wraps around at the “loopback” PHY port’s PMD/PMA, and
ends at the “Originating” PHY port’s transmit outputs (TXP/TXM).
Bit [0] of registers 29 and 45 is used to enable far-end loopback for ports 1 and 2, respectively. Alternatively, the
MII Management register 0, bit [14] can be used to enable far-end loopback.
The far-end loopback path is illustrated in the following figure.
RXP /
RXM
O riginating
P H Y P o rt
TXP /
TXM
P M D /P M A
PCS
MAC
S w itc h
MAC
PCS
P M D /P M A
L oop B ack
P H Y P o rt
Figure 12: Far-End Loopback Path
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Near-end (Remote) Loopback
Near-end (Remote) loopback is conducted at either PHY port 1 or PHY port 2.of the KS8893M. The loopback
path starts at the PHY port’s receive inputs (RXPx/RXMx), wraps around at the same PHY port’s PMD/PMA, and
ends at the PHY port’s transmit outputs (TXPx/TXMx).
Bit [1] of registers 26 and 42 is used to enable near-end loopback for ports 1 and 2, respectively. Alternatively,
the MII Management register 31, bit [1] can be used to enable near-end loopback.
The near-end loopback paths are illustrated in the following figure.
RXP1 /
RXM 1
PHY
Port 1
TXP1 /
TXM 1
PMD/PMA
PCS
MAC
Switch
MAC
PCS
PMD/PMA
RXP2 /
RXM 2
PHY
Port 2
TXP2 /
TXM2
Figure 13. Near-end (Remote) Loopback Path
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MII Management (MIIM) Registers
The MIIM interface is used to access the MII PHY registers, defined in this section. The SPI, I2C, and SMI
interfaces can also be used to access some of these registers. The latter three interfaces use a different mapping
mechanism than the MIIM interface.
The “PHYADs” by defaults are assigned “0x1” for PHY1 (port 1) and “0x2” for PHY2 (port 2). Additionally, these
“PHYADs” can be programmed to the PHY addresses specified in bits[7:3] of Register 15 (0x0F): Global Control
13.
The “REGAD” supported are 0x0-0x5, 0x1D and 0x1F.
Register Number
Description
PHYAD = 0x1, REGAD = 0x0
PHY1 Basic Control Register
PHYAD = 0x1, REGAD = 0x1
PHY1 Basic Status Register
PHYAD = 0x1, REGAD = 0x2
PHY1 Physical Identifier I
PHYAD = 0x1, REGAD = 0x3
PHY1 Physical Identifier II
PHYAD = 0x1, REGAD = 0x4
PHY1 Auto-Negotiation Advertisement Register
PHYAD = 0x1, REGAD = 0x5
PHY1 Auto-Negotiation Link Partner Ability Register
PHYAD = 0x1, 0x6 – 0x1C
PHY1 Not supported
PHYAD = 0x1, 0x1D
PHY1 LinkMD Control/Status
PHYAD = 0x1, 0x1E
PHY1 Not supported
PHYAD = 0x1, 0x1F
PHY1 Special Control/Status
PHYAD = 0x2, REGAD = 0x0
PHY2 Basic Control Register
PHYAD = 0x2, REGAD = 0x1
PHY2 Basic Status Register
PHYAD = 0x2, REGAD = 0x2
PHY2 Physical Identifier I
PHYAD = 0x2, REGAD = 0x3
PHY2 Physical Identifier II
PHYAD = 0x2, REGAD = 0x4
PHY2 Auto-Negotiation Advertisement Register
PHYAD = 0x2, REGAD = 0x5
PHY2 Auto-Negotiation Link Partner Ability Register
PHYAD = 0x2, 0x6 – 0x1C
PHY2 Not supported
PHYAD = 0x2, 0x1D
PHY2 LinkMD Control/Status
PHYAD = 0x2, 0x1E
PHY2 Not supported
PHYAD = 0x2, 0x1F
PHY2 Special Control/Status
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PHY1 Register 0 (PHYAD = 0x1, REGAD = 0x0): MII Basic Control
PHY2 Register 0 (PHYAD = 0x2, REGAD = 0x0): MII Basic Control
Bit
Name
R/W
Description
Default
15
Soft reset
RO
NOT SUPPORTED
0
14
Loopback
R/W
= 1, Perform loopback, as indicated:
0
Port 1 Loopback (reg. 29, bit 0 = ‘1’)
Reference
Reg. 29, bit 0
Reg. 45, bit 0
Start: RXP2/RXM2 (port 2)
Loopback: PMD/PMA of port 1’s PHY
End: TXP2/TXM2 (port 2)
Port 2 Loopback (reg. 45, bit 0 = ‘1’)
Start: RXP1/RXM1 (port 1)
Loopback: PMD/PMA of port 2’s PHY
End: TXP1/TXM1 (port 1)
=0, Normal operation
13
Force 100
R/W
=1, 100 Mbps
0
=0, 10 Mbps
12
AN enable
R/W
Reg. 44, bit 6
=1, Auto-negotiation enabled
1
=0, Auto-negotiation disabled
Power down
R/W
=1, Power down
10
Isolate
RO
NOT SUPPORTED
0
0
9
Restart AN
R/W
=1, Restart auto-negotiation
0
8
Force full
duplex
R/W
=1, Full duplex
=0, Normal operation
Collision test
RO
RO
5
Hp_mdix
R/W
4
Force MDI
R/W
NOT SUPPORTED
0
0
1 = HP Auto MDI/MDI-X mode
1
=1, Force MDI (transmit on RXP / RXM pins)
R/W
=1, Disable auto MDI-X
1
0
Disable far-end
fault
R/W
Disable
transmit
R/W
Disable LED
R/W
=1, Disable far-end fault detection
0
Reg. 29, bit 2
Reg. 45, bit 2
0
Reg. 29, bit 4
=0, Normal operation
=1, Disable transmit
0
=0, Normal operation
Reg. 29, bit 6
Reg. 45, bit 6
=1, Disable LED
0
=0, Normal operation
June 2005
Reg. 29, bit 1
Reg. 45, bit 1
=0, Enable auto MDI-X
2
Reg. 31, bit 7
Reg. 47, bit 7
0
=0, Normal operation (transmit on TXP / TXM
pins)
Disable MDIX
Reg. 28, bit 5
Reg. 44, bit 5
0 = Micrel Auto MDI/MDI-X mode
3
Reg. 29, bit 5
Reg. 45, bit 5
0
=0, Half duplex
Reserved
Reg. 29, bit 3
Reg. 45, bit 3
=0, Normal operation
6
Reg. 28, bit 7
Reg. 44, bit 7
11
7
Reg. 28, bit 6
Reg. 29, bit 7
Reg. 45, bit 7
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PHY1 Register 1 (PHYAD = 0x1, REGAD = 0x1): MII Basic Status
PHY2 Register 1 (PHYAD = 0x2, REGAD = 0x1): MII Basic Status
Bit
Name
R/W
Description
Default
Reference
15
T4 capable
RO
=0, Not 100 BASE-T4 capable
0
14
100 Full
capable
RO
=1, 100BASE-TX full duplex capable
1
Always 1
100 Half
capable
RO
1
Always 1
12
10 Full
capable
RO
1
Always 1
11
10 Half
capable
RO
1
Always 1
10-7
Reserved
RO
6
Preamble
suppressed
RO
5
AN complete
RO
13
=0, Not capable of 100BASE-TX full duplex
=1, 100BASE-TX half duplex capable
=0, Not 100BASE-TX half duplex capable
=1, 10BASE-T full duplex capable
=0, Not 10BASE-T full duplex capable
=1, 10BASE-T half duplex capable
=0, Not 10BASE-T half duplex capable
0000
NOT SUPPORTED
0
=1, Auto-negotiation complete
0
=0, Auto-negotiation not completed
4
Far-end fault
RO
=1, Far-end fault detected
Reg. 30, bit 6
Reg. 46, bit 6
0
Reg. 31, bit 0
1
Reg. 28, bit 7
=0, No far-end fault detected
3
AN capable
RO
2
Link status
RO
=1, Auto-negotiation capable
=0, Not auto-negotiation capable
=1, Link is up
Reg. 44, bit 7
0
=0, Link is down
Reg. 30, bit 5
Reg. 46, bit 5
1
Jabber test
RO
NOT SUPPORTED
0
0
Extended
capable
RO
=0, Not extended register capable
0
PHY1 Register 2 (PHYAD = 0x1, REGAD = 0x2): PHYID High
PHY2 Register 2 (PHYAD = 0x2, REGAD = 0x2): PHYID High
Bit
Name
R/W
Description
Default
15-0
PHYID high
RO
High order PHYID bits
0x0022
PHY1 Register 3 (PHYAD = 0x1, REGAD = 0x3): PHYID Low
PHY2 Register 3 (PHYAD = 0x2, REGAD = 0x3): PHYID Low
Bit
Name
R/W
Description
Default
15-0
PHYID low
RO
Low order PHYID bits
0x1430
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PHY1 Register 4 (PHYAD = 0x1, REGAD = 0x4): Auto-Negotiation Advertisement Ability
PHY2 Register 4 (PHYAD = 0x2, REGAD = 0x4): Auto-Negotiation Advertisement Ability
Bit
Name
R/W
Description
NOT SUPPORTED
15
Next page
RO
14
Reserved
RO
13
Remote fault
RO
12-11
Reserved
RO
10
Pause
R/W
Default
0
0
NOT SUPPORTED
0
00
=1, Advertise pause ability
1
=0, Do not advertise pause ability
9
Reserved
R/W
8
Adv 100 Full
R/W
Adv 100 Half
R/W
0
=1, Advertise 100 full duplex ability
1
=1, Advertise 100 half duplex ability
Adv 10 Full
R/W
=1, Advertise 10 full duplex ability
1
Adv 10 Half
R/W
=1, Advertise 10 half duplex ability
4-0
Selector field
RO
802.3
Reg. 28, bit 2
Reg. 44, bit 2
1
=0, Do not advertise 10 full duplex ability
5
Reg. 28, bit 3
Reg. 44, bit 3
=0, Do not advertise 100 half duplex
ability
6
Reg. 28, bit 4
Reg. 44, bit 4
=0, Do not advertise 100 full duplex ability
7
Reference
Reg. 28, bit 1
Reg. 44, bit 1
1
=0, Do not advertise 10 half duplex ability
Reg. 28, bit 0
Reg. 44, bit 0
00001
PHY1 Register 5 (PHYAD = 0x1, REGAD = 0x5): Auto-Negotiation Link Partner Ability
PHY2 Register 5 (PHYAD = 0x2, REGAD = 0x5): Auto-Negotiation Link Partner Ability
Bit
Name
R/W
Description
Default
15
14
Next page
RO
NOT SUPPORTED
0
LP ACK
RO
NOT SUPPORTED
0
13
Remote fault
RO
NOT SUPPORTED
0
12-11
Reserved
RO
10
Pause
RO
Reference
00
Link partner pause capability
0
Reg. 30, bit 4
Reg. 46, bit 4
9
Reserved
RO
8
Adv 100 Full
RO
0
Link partner 100 full capability
0
Reg. 30, bit 3
Reg. 46, bit 3
7
Adv 100 Half
RO
Link partner 100 half capability
0
Reg. 30, bit 2
Reg. 46, bit 2
6
Adv 10 Full
RO
Link partner 10 full capability
0
5
Adv 10 Half
RO
Link partner 10 half capability
0
Reg. 30, bit 1
Reg. 46, bit 1
Reg. 30, bit 0
Reg. 46, bit 0
4-0
Reserved
June 2005
RO
00000
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PHY1 Register 29 (PHYAD = 0x1, REGAD = 0x1D): LinkMD Control/Status
PHY2 Register 29 (PHYAD = 0x2, REGAD = 0x1D): LinkMD Control/Status
Bit
Name
R/W
Description
Default
15
Vct_enable
R/W
1 = enable cable diagnostic. After VCT test
has completed, this bit will be self-cleared.
0
(SC)
Reference
Reg. 26, bit 4
Reg. 42, bit 4
0 = indicate cable diagnostic test (if
enabled) has completed and the status
information is valid for read.
14-13
Vct_result
RO
00
00 = normal condition
Reg 26, bit[6:5]
Reg 42, bit[6:5]
01 = open condition detected in cable
10 = short condition detected in cable
11 = cable diagnostic test has failed
12
Vct 10M Short
RO
1 = Less than 10 meter short
0
Reg. 26, bit 7
Reg. 42, bit 7
11-9
Reserved
RO
Reserved
000
8-0
Vct_fault_count
RO
Distance to the fault.
{0, (0x00)}
It’s approximately 0.4m*vct_fault_count[8:0]
{(Reg. 26, bit
0), (Reg. 27,
bit[7:0])}
{(Reg. 42, bit
0), (Reg. 43,
bit[7:0])}
PHY1 Register 31 (PHYAD = 0x1, REGAD = 0x1F): PHY Special Control/Status
PHY2 Register 31 (PHYAD = 0x2, REGAD = 0x1F): PHY Special Control/Status
Bit
Name
R/W
Description
Default
15-6
Reserved
RO
Reserved
{(0x00),00}
5
Polrvs
RO
1 = polarity is reversed
0
0 = polarity is not reversed
4
MDI-X status
RO
1 = MDI-X
Force_lnk
R/W
0
Pwrsave
1
Remote
Loopback
R/W
1 = Force link pass
0
Reg. 26, bit 3
Reg. 42, bit 3
1 = Enable power saving
1
0 = Disable power saving
R/W
Reg. 30, bit 7
Reg. 46, bit 7
0 = Normal Operation
2
Reg. 31, bit 5
Reg. 47, bit 5
0 = MDI
3
Reference
1 = Perform Remote loopback, as follows:
Reg. 26, bit 2
Reg. 42, bit 2
0
Port 1 (reg. 26, bit 1 = ‘1’)
Start: RXP1/RXM1 (port 1)
Loopback: PMD/PMA of port 1’s PHY
End: TXP1/TXM1 (port 1)
Port 2 (reg. 42, bit 1 = ‘1’)
Start: RXP2/RXM2 (port 2)
Loopback: PMD/PMA of port 2’s PHY
End: TXP2/TXM2 (port 2)
Reg. 26, bit 1
Reg. 42, bit 1
0 = Normal Operation
0
Reserved
R/W
Reserved
0
Do not change the default value.
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Register Map: Switch & PHY (8-bit registers)
Global Registers
Register (Decimal)
Register (Hex)
Description
0-1
0x00-0x01
Chip ID Registers
2-15
0x02-0x0F
Global Control Registers
Register (Decimal)
Register (Hex)
Description
16-29
0x10-0x1D
Port 1 Control Registers, including MII PHY Registers
Port Registers
30-31
0x1E-0x1F
Port 1 Status Registers, including MII PHY Registers
32-45
0x20-0x2D
Port 2 Control Registers, including MII PHY Registers
46-47
0x2E-0x2F
Port 2 Status Registers, including MII PHY Registers
48-57
0x30-0x39
Port 3 Control Registers
58-62
0x3A-0x3E
Reserved
63
0x3F
Port 3 Status Register
64-95
0x40-0x5F
Reserved
Advanced Control Registers
Register (Decimal)
Register (Hex)
Description
96-111
0x60-0x6F
TOS Priority Control Registers
112-117
0x70-0x75
Switch Engine’s MAC Address Registers
118-120
0x76-0x78
User Defined Registers
121-122
0x79-0x7A
Indirect Access Control Registers
123-131
0x7B-0x83
Indirect Data Registers
132
0x84
Digital Testing Status Register
133
0x85
Digital Testing Control Register
134-137
0x86-0x89
Analog Testing Control Registers
138
0x8A
Analog Testing Status Register
139
0x8B
Analog Testing Control Register
140-141
0x8C-0x8D
QM Debug Registers
Global Registers
Register 0 (0x00): Chip ID0
Bit
Name
R/W
Description
Default
7-0
Family ID
RO
Chip family
0x88
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Register 1 (0x01): Chip ID1 / Start Switch
Bit
Name
R/W
Description
Default
7-4
Chip ID
RO
0x2 is assigned to M series. (93M)
0x2
3-1
Revision ID
RO
Revision ID
-
0
Start Switch
RW
= 1, start the chip when external pins
-
(PS1, PS0) = (0,1) or (1,0) or (1,1).
Note: In (PS1, PS0) = (0, 0) mode, the chip will start
automatically after trying to read the external
EEPROM. If EEPROM does not exist, the chip will
use pin strapping and default values for all internal
registers. If EEPROM is present, the contents in the
EEPROM will be checked. The switch will check: (1)
Register 0 = 0x88, (2) Register 1 bits [7:4] = 0x2. If
this check is OK, the contents in the EEPROM will
override chip registers’ default values.
= 0, chip will not start when external pins
(PS1, PS0) = (0,1) or (1,0) or (1,1).
Register 2 (0x02): Global Control 0
Bit
7
Name
R/W
Description
Default
New Back-off
R/W
New back-off algorithm designed for UNH
0x0
Enable
1 = Enable
0 = Disable
6-4
Reserved
R/W
Reserved
0x4
Do not change the default value.
3
Pass Flow
Control Packet
R/W
= 1, switch will not filter 802.1x “flow control” packets
0x0
2
Reserved
R/W
Reserved
0x1
1
Reserved
R/W
Do not change the default value.
Reserved
0
Do not change the default value.
0
Link Change
Age
R/W
= 1, link change from “link” to “no link” will cause fast
aging (<800us) to age address table faster. After an
age cycle is complete, the age logic will return to
normal aging (about 200 sec).
0
Note: If any port is unplugged, all addresses will be
automatically aged out.
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Register 3 (0x03): Global Control 1
Bit
Name
R/W
Description
Default
7
Pass All
Frames
R/W
= 1, switch all packets including bad ones. Used
solely for debugging purposes. Works in conjunction
with sniffer mode only.
0
6
Reserved
R/W
Reserved
0
Do not change the default value.
IEEE 802.3x
Transmit
Direction Flow
Control Enable
R/W
IEEE 802.3x
Receive
Direction Flow
Control Enable
R/W
3
Frame Length
Field Check
R/W
1 = will check frame length field in the IEEE packets.
If the actual length does not match, the packet will be
dropped (for Length/Type field < 1500).
0
2
Aging Enable
R/W
1 = enable age function in the chip
1
5
4
= 1, will enable transmit direction flow control feature.
1
= 0, will not enable transmit direction flow control
feature. Switch will not generate any flow control
(PAUSE) frame.
= 1, will enable receive direction flow control feature.
1
= 0, will not enable receive direction flow control
feature. Switch will not react to any flow control
(PAUSE) frame it receives.
0 = disable age function in the chip
1
Fast Age
Enable
R/W
1 = turn on fast age (800us)
0
0
Aggressive
Back-off
Enable
R/W
1 = enable more aggressive back off algorithm in half
duplex mode to enhance performance. This is not an
IEEE standard.
0
Register 4 (0x04): Global Control 2
Bit
Name
R/W
Description
Default
7
Unicast
Port-VLAN
Mismatch
Discard
R/W
This feature is used with port-VLAN (described in reg.
17, reg. 33, …)
1
= 1, all packets can not cross VLAN boundary
= 0, unicast packets (excluding unkown/multicast/
broadcast) can cross VLAN boundary
Note: Port mirroring is not supported if this bit is set to
“0”.
6
5
Multicast
Storm
Protection
Disable
R/W
Back Pressure
R/W
Mode
June 2005
= 1, “Broadcast Storm Protection” does not include
multicast packets. Only DA = FF-FF-FF-FF-FF-FF
packets will be regulated.
1
= 0, “Broadcast Storm Protection” includes
DA = FF-FF-FF-FF-FF-FF and DA[40] = 1 packets.
= 1, carrier sense based backpressure is selected
1
= 0, collision based backpressure is selected
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Register 4 (0x04): Global Control 2 (continued)
Bit
Name
R/W
Description
Default
4
Flow Control
and Back
Pressure Fair
Mode
R/W
= 1, fair mode is selected. In this mode, if a flow
control port and a non-flow control port talk to the
same destination port, packets from the non-flow
control port may be dropped. This is to prevent the
flow control port from being flow controlled for an
extended period of time.
1
= 0, in this mode, if a flow control port and a non-flow
control port talk to the same destination port, the flow
control port will be flow controlled. This may not be
“fair” to the flow control port.
No Excessive
Collision Drop
3
R/W
= 1, the switch will not drop packets when 16 or more
collisions occur.
0
= 0, the switch will drop packets when 16 or more
collisions occur.
Huge Packet
Support
2
R/W
= 1, will accept packet sizes up to 1916 bytes
(inclusive). This bit setting will override setting from
bit 1 of this register.
0
= 0, the max packet size will be determined by bit 1 of
this register.
1
0
Legal
Maximum
Packet Size
Check Enable
R/W
Priority Buffer
Reserve
R/W
= 0, will accept packet sizes up to 1536 bytes
(inclusive).
= 1, 1522 bytes for tagged packets, 1518 bytes for
untagged packets. Any packets larger than the
specified value will be dropped.
= 1, each port is pre-allocated 48 buffers for high
priority (q3, q2, and q1) packets. This selection is
effective only when the multiple queue feature is
turned on. It is recommended to enable this bit for
multiple queue.
SMRXD0
(pin 85)
value
during reset
1
= 0, no reserved buffers for high priority packets.
Each port is pre-allocated 48 buffers for all priority
packets (q3, q2,q1, and q0).
Register 5 (0x05): Global Control 3
Bit
Name
R/W
Description
Default
7
802.1Q VLAN
Enable
R/W
= 1, 802.1Q VLAN mode is turned on. VLAN table
needs to set up before the operation.
0
6
IGMP Snoop
Enable on
Switch MII
Interface
R/W
IPv6 MLD
Snooping
Enable
R/W
IPv6 MLD
Snooping
Option
R/W
= 0, 802.1Q VLAN is disabled.
5
4
June 2005
=1, IGMP snoop is enabled. All IGMP packets will be
forwarded to the Switch MII port.
0
=0, IGMP snoop is disabled.
IPv6 MLD snooping
0
1 = enable
0 = disable
IPv6 MLD snooping option
0
1 = enable
0 = disable
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Register 5 (0x05): Global Control 3 (continued)
Bit
Name
R/W
Description
Default
3
Weighted
Fair Queue
Enable
R/W
0 = always transmit higher priority packets first
0
Reserved
R/W
2-1
1 = Weighted Fair Queueing enabled. When all four
queues have packets waiting to transmit, the
bandwidth allocation is q3:q2:q1:q0 = 8:4:2:1.
If any queues are empty, the highest non-empty
queue gets one more weighting. For example, if q2 is
empty, q3:q2:q1:q0 becomes (8+1):0:2:1.
Reserved
00
Do not change the default values.
Sniff Mode
Select
0
R/W
= 1, will do RX AND TX sniff (both source port and
destination port need to match)
0
= 0, will do RX OR TX sniff (either source port or
destination port needs to match). This is the mode
used to implement RX only sniff.
Register 6 (0x06): Global Control 4
Bit
Name
R/W
Description
Default
7
Repeater
Mode
R/W
=1, enable repeater mode
0
=0, disable repeater mode
Note: For repeater mode, all ports need to be set to
100BASE-TX and half duplex mode. PHY ports need
to have auto-negotiation disabled.
6
Switch MII Half
Duplex Mode
R/W
= 1, enable MII interface half-duplex mode.
= 0, enable MII interface full-duplex mode.
Pin SMRXD2
strap option.
Pull-down(0):
Full-duplex
mode
Pull-up(1):
Half-duplex
mode
Note:
SMRXD2 has
internal pulldown.
5
Switch MII
Flow Control
Enable
R/W
= 1, enable full duplex flow control on Switch MII
interface.
Pin SMRXD3
strap option.
= 0, disable full duplex flow control on Switch MII
interface.
Pull-down(0):
Disable flow
control
Pull- up(1):
Enable flow
control
Note:
SMRXD3 has
internal pulldown.
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Register 6 (0x06): Global Control 4 (continued)
Bit
Name
R/W
Description
Default
4
Switch MII
10BT
R/W
= 1, the switch interface is in 10Mbps mode
Pin SMRXD1
strap option.
= 0, the switch interface is in 100Mbps mode
Pull-down(0):
Enable
100Mbps
Pull-up(1):
Enable
10Mbps
Note:
SMRXD1 has
internal pulldown.
3
2-0
Null VID
Replacement
R/W
Broadcast
Storm
Protection
Rate(1)
Bit [10:8]
R/W
= 1, will replace NULL VID with port VID (12 bits)
0
= 0, no replacement for NULL VID
This register along with the next register determines
how many “64 byte blocks” of packet data are
allowed on an input port in a preset period. The
period is 67ms for 100BT or 500ms for 10BT. The
default is 1%.
000
Register 7 (0x07): Global Control 5
Bit
Name
R/W
Description
Default
7-0
Broadcast
Storm
Protection
Rate(1)
R/W
This register along with the previous register
determines how many “64 byte blocks” of packet data
are allowed on an input port in a preset period. The
period is 67ms for 100BT or 500ms for 10BT. The
default is 1%.
0x63
Bit [7:0]
Note:
(1)
100BT Rate: 148,800 frames/sec * 67 ms/interval * 1% = 99 frames/interval (approx.) = 0x63
Register 8 (0x08): Global Control 6
Bit
Name
R/W
Description
Default
7-0
Factory
Testing
R/W
Reserved
0x00
Do not change the default values.
Register 9 (0x09): Global Control 7
Bit
Name
R/W
Description
Default
7-0
Factory
Testing
R/W
Reserved
0x24
Do not change the default values.
Register 10 (0x0A): Global Control 8
Bit
Name
R/W
Description
Default
7-0
Factory
Testing
R/W
Reserved
0x24
June 2005
Do not change the default values.
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Register 11 (0x0B): Global Control 9
Bit
Name
R/W
7
LEDSEL1
R/W
Description
Default
LED mode select
LEDSEL1
(pin 23)
value
during
reset
See description in bit 1 of this register.
6-5
Reserved
R/W
Reserved
00
Do not change the default values.
4
Reserved
R/W
Testing mode.
0
Set to ‘0’ for normal operation.
3-2
Reserved
R/W
Reserved
10
Do not change the default values.
1
LEDSEL0
R/W
LED mode select
This bit and bit 7 of this register select the LED mode.
For LED definitions, see pins 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 of Pin
Description and I/O Assignment listing.
LEDSEL0
(pin 70)
value
during
reset
Notes:
LEDSEL1 is also external strap-in pin #23.
LEDSEL0 is also external strap-in pin #70.
Special
TPID
mode
0
R/W
Used for direct mode forwarding from port 3. See
description in spanning tree functional description.
0
0 = disable
1 = enable
Register 12 (0x0C): Global Control 10
Bit
Name
R/W
Description
Default
7-6
Tag_0x3
R/W
IEEE 802.1p mapping. The value in this field is used as
the frame’s priority when its IEEE 802.1p tag has a value
of 0x3.
0x1
5-4
Tag_0x2
R/W
IEEE 802.1p mapping. The value in this field is used as
the frame’s priority when its IEEE 802.1p tag has a value
of 0x2.
0x1
3-2
Tag_0x1
R/W
IEEE 802.1p mapping. The value in this field is used as
the frame’s priority when its IEEE 802.1p tag has a value
of 0x1.
0x0
1-0
Tag_0x0
R/W
IEEE 802.1p mapping. The value in this field is used as
the frame’s priority when its IEEE 802.1p tag has a value
of 0x0.
0x0
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Register 13 (0x0D): Global Control 11
Bit
Name
R/W
Description
Default
7-6
Tag_0x7
R/W
IEEE 802.1p mapping. The value in this field is used as
the frame’s priority when its IEEE 802.1p tag has a value
of 0x7.
0x3
5-4
Tag_0x6
R/W
IEEE 802.1p mapping. The value in this field is used as
the frame’s priority when its IEEE 802.1p tag has a value
of 0x6.
0x3
3-2
Tag_0x5
R/W
IEEE 802.1p mapping. The value in this field is used as
the frame’s priority when its IEEE 802.1p tag has a value
of 0x5.
0x2
1-0
Tag_0x4
R/W
IEEE 802.1p mapping. The value in this field is used as
the frame’s priority when its IEEE 802.1p tag has a value
of 0x4.
0x2
Register 14 (0x0E): Global Control 12
Bit
Name
R/W
Description
Default
7
Unknown
Packet
Default
Port
Enable
R/W
Send packets with unknown destination MAC addresses to
specified port(s) in bits [2:0] of this register.
0
Reserved
R/W
6-3
0 = disable
1 = enable
Reserved
0x0
Do not change the default values.
2-0
Unknown
Packet
Default
Port
R/W
Specify which port(s) to send packets with unknown
destination MAC addresses. This feature is enabled by bit
[7] of this register.
Bit 2 stands for port 3.
Bit 1 stands for port 2.
Bit 0 stands for port 1.
111
An ‘1’ includes a port.
An ‘0’ excludes a port.
Register 15 (0x0F): Global Control 13
Bit
Name
R/W
Description
Default
7-3
PHY
Address
R/W
00000
00001
00010
…
11101
11110
11111
00001
: N/A
: Port 1 PHY address is 0x1
: Port 1 PHY address is 0x2
: Port 1 PHY address is 0x29
: N/A
: N/A
Note:
Port 2 PHY address = (Port 1 PHY address) + 1
2-0
Reserved
RO
Reserved
000
Do not change the default values.
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Port Registers
The following registers are used to enable features that are assigned on a per port basis. The register bit
assignments are the same for all ports, but the address for each port is different, as indicated.
Register 16 (0x10): Port 1 Control 0
Register 32 (0x20): Port 2 Control 0
Register 48 (0x30): Port 3 Control 0
Bit
Name
R/W
Description
Default
7
Broadcast
Storm
Protection
Enable
DiffServ
Priority
Classification
Enable
802.1p Priority
Classification
Enable
R/W
= 1, enable broadcast storm protection for
ingress packets on port
= 0, disable broadcast storm protection
0
R/W
= 1, enable DiffServ priority classification for
ingress packets (IPv4 and IPv6) on port
= 0, disable DiffServ function
0
R/W
= 1, enable 802.1p priority classification for
ingress packets on port
= 0, disable 802.1p
0
Port-based
Priority
Classification
R/W
= 00, ingress packets on port will be
classified as priority 0 queue if “Diffserv” or
“802.1p” classification is not enabled or fails to
classify.
= 01, ingress packets on port will be
classified as priority 1 queue if “Diffserv” or
“802.1p” classification is not enabled or fails to
classify.
= 10, ingress packets on port will be
classified as priority 2 queue if “Diffserv” or
“802.1p” classification is not enabled or fails to
classify.
00
6
5
4-3
= 11, ingress packets on port will be
classified as priority 3 queue if “Diffserv” or
“802.1p” classification is not enabled or fails to
classify.
Note: “DiffServ”, “802.1p” and port priority can
be enabled at the same time. The OR’ed result of
802.1p and DSCP overwrites the port priority.
= 1, when packets are output on the port, the
switch will add 802.1p/q tags to packets without
802.1p/q tags when received. The switch will not
add tags to packets already tagged. The tag
inserted is the ingress port’s “port VID”.
= 0, disable tag insertion
0
2
Tag Insertion
R/W
1
Tag Removal
R/W
= 1, when packets are output on the port, the
switch will remove 802.1p/q tags from packets
with 802.1p/q tags when received. The switch will
not modify packets received without tags.
= 0, disable tag removal
0
0
TX Multiple
Queues Select
Enable
R/W
= 1, the port output queue is split into four priority
queues.
= 0, single output queue on the port. There is no
priority differentiation even though packets are
classified into high or low priority.
0
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Register 17 (0x11): Port 1 Control 1
Register 33 (0x21): Port 2 Control 1
Register 49 (0x31): Port 3 Control 1
Bit
Name
R/W
Description
Default
7
Sniffer Port
R/W
= 1, Port is designated as sniffer port and will
transmit packets that are monitored.
0
= 0, Port is a normal port
6
Receive Sniff
R/W
= 1, All packets received on the port will be
marked as “monitored packets” and forwarded to
the designated “sniffer port”
0
= 0, no receive monitoring
5
Transmit Sniff
R/W
= 1, All packets transmitted on the port will be
marked as “monitored packets” and forwarded to
the designated “sniffer port”
0
= 0, no transmit monitoring
4
Double Tag
R/W
= 1, All packets will be tagged with port default
tag of ingress port regardless of the original
packets are tagged or not
0
= 0, do not double tagged on all packets
User Priority
Ceiling
3
R/W
= 1, if the packet’s “user priority field” is greater
than the “user priority field” in the port default tag
register, replace the packet’s “user priority field”
with the “user priority field” in the port default tag
register.
0
= 0, do not compare and replace the packet’s
‘user priority field”
2-0
Port VLAN
membership
R/W
Define the port’s egress port VLAN membership.
The port can only communicate within the
membership. Bit 2 stands for port 3, bit 1 stands
for port 2, bit 0 stands for port 1.
111
An ‘1’ includes a port in the membership.
An ‘0’ excludes a port from membership.
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Register 18 (0x12): Port 1 Control 2
Register 34 (0x22): Port 2 Control 2
Register 50 (0x32): Port 3 Control 2
Bit
Name
R/W
7
Reserved
R/W
Description
Default
Reserved
0
Do not change the default value.
6
Ingress VLAN
Filtering
R/W
= 1, the switch will discard packets whose VID
port membership in VLAN table bits [18:16] does
not include the ingress port.
0
= 0, no ingress VLAN filtering.
5
Discard non
PVID Packets
R/W
= 1, the switch will discard packets whose VID
does not match ingress port default VID.
0
= 0, no packets will be discarded
4
Force Flow
Control
R/W
= 1, will always enable full duplex flow control on
the port, regardless of AN result.
Pin value during
reset:
= 0, full duplex flow control is enabled based on
AN result.
For port 1,
P1FFC pin
For port 2,
P2FFC pin
For port 3, this
bit has no
meaning. Flow
control is set by
Reg. 6, bit 5.
3
2
1
0
Back Pressure
Enable
R/W
Transmit
Enable
R/W
Receive
Enable
R/W
Learning
Disable
R/W
= 1, enable port’s half duplex back pressure
0
= 0, disable port’s half duplex back pressure
= 1, enable packet transmission on the port
1
= 0, disable packet transmission on the port
= 1, enable packet reception on the port
1
= 0, disable packet reception on the port
= 1, disable switch address learning capability
0
= 0, enable switch address learning
Note: Bits [2:0] are used for spanning tree support.
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Register 19 (0x13): Port 1 Control 3
Register 35 (0x23): Port 2 Control 3
Register 51 (0x33): Port 3 Control 3
Bit
7-0
Name
R/W
Description
Default
Default Tag
R/W
Port’s default tag, containing
0x00
[15:8]
7-5 : User priority bits
4 : CFI bit
3-0 : VID[11:8]
Register 20 (0x14): Port 1 Control 4
Register 36 (0x24): Port 2 Control 4
Register 52 (0x34): Port 3 Control 4
Bit
Name
R/W
Description
Default
7-0
Default Tag
R/W
Port’s default tag, containing
0x01
[7:0]
7-0 : VID[7:0]
Note: Registers 19 and 20 (and those corresponding to other ports) serve two purposes:
1. Associated with the ingress untagged packets, and used for egress tagging.
2. Default VID for the ingress untagged or null-VID-tagged packets, and used for address lookup.
Register 21 (0x15): Port 1 Control 5
Register 37 (0x25): Port 2 Control 5
Register 53 (0x35): Port 3 Control 5
Bit
Name
R/W
Description
Default
7-4
Reserved
R/W
Reserved
0x0
Do not change the default values.
3-2
Limit Mode
R/W
Ingress Limit Mode
00
These bits determine what kinds of frames are
limited and counted against ingress rate limiting.
= 00, limit and count all frames
= 01, limit and count Broadcast, Multicast, and
flooded unicast frames
= 10, limit and count Broadcast and Multicast
frames only
= 11, limit and count Broadcast frames only
1
Count IFG
R/W
Count IFG bytes
0
= 1, each frame’s minimum inter frame gap
(IFG) bytes (12 per frame) are included in
Ingress and Egress rate limiting calculations.
= 0, IFG bytes are not counted.
0
Count Pre
R/W
Count Preamble bytes
0
= 1, each frame’s preamble bytes (8 per
frame) are included in Ingress and Egress rate
limiting calculations.
= 0, preamble bytes are not counted.
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Register 22 (0x16): Port 1 Control 6
Register 38 (0x26): Port 2 Control 6
Register 54 (0x36): Port 3 Control 6
Bit
Name
R/W
Description
Default
7-4
Ingress Pri1
Rate
R/W
Ingress data rate limit for priority 1 frames
0x0
Ingress traffic from this priority queue is shaped
according to the ingress rate selected below:
0000 = Not limited (Default)
0001 = 64 Kbps
0010 = 128 Kbps
0011 = 256 Kbps
0100 = 512 Kbps
0101 = 1 Mbps
0110 = 2 Mbps
0111 = 4 Mbps
1000 = 8 Mbps
1001 = 16 Mbps
1010 = 32 Mbps
1011 = 48 Mbps
1100 = 64 Mbps
1101 = 72 Mbps
1110 = 80 Mbps
1111 = 88 Mbps
Note: For 10BT, rate settings above 10Mbps are
set to the default value 0000 (Not limited).
3-0
Ingress Pri0
Rate
R/W
Ingress data rate limit for priority 0 frames
0x0
Ingress traffic from this priority queue is shaped
according to the ingress rate selected below:
0000 = Not limited (Default)
0001 = 64 Kbps
0010 = 128 Kbps
0011 = 256 Kbps
0100 = 512 Kbps
0101 = 1 Mbps
0110 = 2 Mbps
0111 = 4 Mbps
1000 = 8 Mbps
1001 = 16 Mbps
1010 = 32 Mbps
1011 = 48 Mbps
1100 = 64 Mbps
1101 = 72 Mbps
1110 = 80 Mbps
1111 = 88 Mbps
Note: For 10BT, rate settings above 10Mbps are
set to the default value 0000 (Not limited).
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Register 23 (0x17): Port 1 Control 7
Register 39 (0x27): Port 2 Control 7
Register 55 (0x37): Port 3 Control 7
Bit
Name
R/W
Description
Default
7-4
Ingress Pri3
Rate
R/W
Ingress data rate limit for priority 3 frames
0x0
Ingress traffic from this priority queue is shaped
according to the ingress rate selected below:
0000 = Not limited (Default)
0001 = 64 Kbps
0010 = 128 Kbps
0011 = 256 Kbps
0100 = 512 Kbps
0101 = 1 Mbps
0110 = 2 Mbps
0111 = 4 Mbps
1000 = 8 Mbps
1001 = 16 Mbps
1010 = 32 Mbps
1011 = 48 Mbps
1100 = 64 Mbps
1101 = 72 Mbps
1110 = 80 Mbps
1111 = 88 Mbps
Note: For 10BT, rate settings above 10Mbps are
set to the default value 0000 (Not limited).
3-0
Ingress Pri2
Rate
R/W
Ingress data rate limit for priority 2 frames
0x0
Ingress traffic from this priority queue is shaped
according to the ingress rate selected below:
0000 = Not limited (Default)
0001 = 64 Kbps
0010 = 128 Kbps
0011 = 256 Kbps
0100 = 512 Kbps
0101 = 1 Mbps
0110 = 2 Mbps
0111 = 4 Mbps
1000 = 8 Mbps
1001 = 16 Mbps
1010 = 32 Mbps
1011 = 48 Mbps
1100 = 64 Mbps
1101 = 72 Mbps
1110 = 80 Mbps
1111 = 88 Mbps
Note: For 10BT, rate settings above 10Mbps are
set to the default value 0000 (Not limited).
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Register 24 (0x18): Port 1 Control 8
Register 40 (0x28): Port 2 Control 8
Register 56 (0x38): Port 3 Control 8
Bit
Name
R/W
Description
Default
7-4
Egress Pri1
Rate
R/W
Egress data rate limit for priority 1 frames
0x0
Egress traffic from this priority queue is shaped
according to the egress rate selected below:
0000 = Not limited (Default)
0001 = 64 Kbps
0010 = 128 Kbps
0011 = 256 Kbps
0100 = 512 Kbps
0101 = 1 Mbps
0110 = 2 Mbps
0111 = 4 Mbps
1000 = 8 Mbps
1001 = 16 Mbps
1010 = 32 Mbps
1011 = 48 Mbps
1100 = 64 Mbps
1101 = 72 Mbps
1110 = 80 Mbps
1111 = 88 Mbps
Note: For 10BT, rate settings above 10Mbps are
set to the default value 0000 (Not limited).
When TX multiple queue select enable is off
(only 1 queue per port), rate limiting applies only
to priority 0 queue.
3-0
Egress Pri0
Rate
R/W
Egress data rate limit for priority 0 frames.
0x0
Egress traffic from this priority queue is shaped
according to the egress rate selected below:
0000 = Not limited (Default)
0001 = 64 Kbps
0010 = 128 Kbps
0011 = 256 Kbps
0100 = 512 Kbps
0101 = 1 Mbps
0110 = 2 Mbps
0111 = 4 Mbps
1000 = 8 Mbps
1001 = 16 Mbps
1010 = 32 Mbps
1011 = 48 Mbps
1100 = 64 Mbps
1101 = 72 Mbps
1110 = 80 Mbps
1111 = 88 Mbps
Note: For 10BT, rate settings above 10Mbps are
set to the default value 0000 (Not limited).
When TX multiple queue select enable is off
(only 1 queue per port), rate limiting applies only
to priority 0 queue.
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Register 25 (0x19): Port 1 Control 9
Register 41 (0x29): Port 2 Control 9
Register 57 (0x39): Port 3 Control 9
Bit
Name
R/W
Description
Default
7-4
Egress Pri3
Rate
R/W
Egress data rate limit for priority 3 frames
0x0
Egress traffic from this priority queue is shaped
according to the egress rate selected below:
0000 = Not limited (Default)
0001 = 64 Kbps
0010 = 128 Kbps
0011 = 256 Kbps
0100 = 512 Kbps
0101 = 1 Mbps
0110 = 2 Mbps
0111 = 4 Mbps
1000 = 8 Mbps
1001 = 16 Mbps
1010 = 32 Mbps
1011 = 48 Mbps
1100 = 64 Mbps
1101 = 72 Mbps
1110 = 80 Mbps
1111 = 88 Mbps
Note: For 10BT, rate settings above 10Mbps are
set to the default value 0000 (Not limited).
When TX multiple queue select enable is off
(only 1 queue per port), rate limiting applies only
to priority 0 queue.
3-0
Egress Pri2
Rate
R/W
Egress data rate limit for priority 2 frames
0x0
Egress traffic from this priority queue is shaped
according to the egress rate selected below:
0000 = Not limited (Default)
0001 = 64 Kbps
0010 = 128 Kbps
0011 = 256 Kbps
0100 = 512 Kbps
0101 = 1 Mbps
0110 = 2 Mbps
0111 = 4 Mbps
1000 = 8 Mbps
1001 = 16 Mbps
1010 = 32 Mbps
1011 = 48 Mbps
1100 = 64 Mbps
1101 = 72 Mbps
1110 = 80 Mbps
1111 = 88 Mbps
Note: For 10BT, rate settings above 10Mbps are
set to the default value 0000 (Not limited).
When TX multiple queue select enable is off
(only 1 queue per port), rate limiting applies only
to priority 0 queue.
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Note: Most of the contents in registers 26-31 and registers 42-47 for ports 1 and 2, respectively, can also be
accessed with the MIIM PHY registers.
Register 26 (0x1A): Port 1 PHY Special Control/Status
Register 42 (0x2A): Port 2 PHY Special Control/Status
Register 58 (0x3A): Reserved, not applied to port 3
Bit
Name
R/W
Description
Default
7
Vct 10M Short
RO
1 = Less than 10 meter short
0
6-5
Vct_result
RO
00 = normal condition
00
01 = open condition detected in cable
10 = short condition detected in cable
11 = cable diagnostic test has failed
4
Vct_en
R/W
(SC)
= 1, enable cable diagnostic test. After VCT test
has completed, this bit will be self-cleared.
0
= 0, indicate cable diagnostic test (if enabled)
has completed and the status information is valid
for read.
3
Force_lnk
R/W
1 = Force link pass
0
0 = Normal Operation
2
Pwrsave
R/W
1 = Enable power saving
1
0 = Disable power saving
Remote
Loopback
1
R/W
1 = Perform Remote loopback, as follows:
0
Port 1 (reg. 26, bit 1 = ‘1’)
Start: RXP1/RXM1 (port 1)
Loopback: PMD/PMA of port 1’s PHY
End: TXP1/TXM1 (port 1)
Port 2 (reg. 42, bit 1 = ‘1’)
Start: RXP2/RXM2 (port 2)
Loopback: PMD/PMA of port 2’s PHY
End: TXP2/TXM2 (port 2)
0 = Normal Operation
0
Vct_fault_count[8]
RO
Bit[8] of VCT fault count
0
Distance to the fault.
It’s approximately 0.4m*vct_fault_count[8:0]
Register 27 (0x1B): Port 1 LinkMD Result
Register 43 (0x2B): Port 2 LinkMD Result
Register 59 (0x3B): Reserved, not applied to port 3
Bit
Name
R/W
Description
Default
7-0
Vct_fault_count[7:0]
RO
Bits[7:0] of VCT fault count
0x00
Distance to the fault.
It’s approximately 0.4m*Vct_fault_count[8:0]
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Register 28 (0x1C): Port 1 Control 12
Register 44 (0x2C): Port 2 Control 12
Register 60 (0x3C): Reserved, not applied to port 3
Bit
Name
R/W
Description
Default
7
Auto
Negotiation
Enable
R/W
= 0, disable auto negotiation; speed and duplex
are determined by bits 6 and 5 of this register.
For port 1,
P1ANEN pin
value during
reset.
= 1, auto negotiation is on
For port 2,
P2ANEN pin
value during
reset
6
Force Speed
R/W
= 1, forced 100BT if AN is disabled (bit 7)
= 0, forced 10BT if AN is disabled (bit 7)
For port 1,
P1SPD pin
value during
reset.
For port 2,
P2SPD pin
value during
reset.
5
Force Duplex
R/W
= 1, forced full duplex if (1) AN is disabled or (2)
AN is enabled but failed.
= 0, forced half duplex if (1) AN is disabled or (2)
AN is enabled but failed.
For port 1,
P1DPX pin
value during
reset.
For port 2,
P2DPX pin
value during
reset.
4
3
2
1
0
Advertise Flow
Control
capability
R/W
Advertise
100BT Full
Duplex
Capability
R/W
Advertise
100BT Half
Duplex
Capability
R/W
Advertise
10BT Full
Duplex
Capability
R/W
Advertise
10BT Half
Duplex
Capability
R/W
June 2005
= 0, suppress flow control (pause) capability from
transmission to link partner
ADVFC pin
value during
reset.
= 1, advertise 100BT full duplex capability
1
= 1, advertise flow control (pause) capability
= 0, suppress 100BT full duplex capability from
transmission to link partner
= 1, advertise 100BT half duplex capability
1
= 0, suppress 100BT half duplex capability from
transmission to link partner
= 1, advertise 10BT full duplex capability
1
= 0, suppress 10BT full duplex capability from
transmission to link partner
= 1, advertise 10BT half duplex capability
1
= 0, suppress 10BT half duplex capability from
transmission to link partner
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Register 29 (0x1D): Port 1 Control 13
Register 45 (0x2D): Port 2 Control 13
Register 61 (0x3D): Reserved, not applied to port 3
Bit
Name
R/W
Description
Default
7
LED Off
R/W
= 1, turn off all port’s LEDs (LEDx_3, LEDx_2,
LEDx_1, LEDx_0, where “x” is the port number).
These pins will be driven high if this bit is set to
one.
0
6
Txdis
R/W
= 0, normal operation
= 1, disable the port’s transmitter
0
= 0, normal operation
5
Restart AN
R/W
= 1, restart auto-negotiation
0
= 0, normal operation
4
Disable Farend Fault
R/W
= 1, disable far-end fault detection and pattern
transmission.
= 0, enable far-end fault detection and pattern
transmission
0
Note: Only port
1 supports fiber.
This bit is
applicable to
port 1 only.
3
Power Down
R/W
= 1, power down
0
2
Disable Auto
MDI/MDI-X
R/W
= 1, disable auto MDI/MDI-X function
0
= 0, enable auto MDI/MDI-X function
For port 2,
P2MDIXDIS pin
value during
reset.
Force MDI
R/W
If auto MDI/MDI-X is disabled,
0
= 1, force PHY into MDI mode (transmit on
RXP/RXM pins)
For port 2,
P2MDIX pin
value during
reset.
= 0, normal operation
1
= 0, force PHY into MDI-X mode (transmit on
TXP/TXM pins)
0
Loopback
R/W
= 1, perform loopback, as indicated:
0
Port 1 Loopback (reg. 29, bit 0 = ‘1’)
Start: RXP2/RXM2 (port 2)
Loopback: PMD/PMA of port 1’s PHY
End: TXP2/TXM2 (port 2)
Port 2 Loopback (reg. 45, bit 0 = ‘1’)
Start: RXP1/RXM1 (port 1)
Loopback: PMD/PMA of port 2’s PHY
End: TXP1/TXM1 (port 1)
= 0, normal operation
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Register 30 (0x1E): Port 1 Status 0
Register 46 (0x2E): Port 2 Status 0
Register 62 (0x3E): Reserved, not applied to port 3
Bit
7
Name
MDI-X Status
RO
6
AN Done
RO
5
Link Good
RO
4
Partner Flow
Control
Capability
Partner 100BT
Full Duplex
Capability
Partner 100BT
Half Duplex
Capability
Partner 10BT
Full Duplex
Capability
Partner 10BT
Half Duplex
Capability
RO
3
2
1
0
R/W
Description
= 1, MDI-X
= 0, MDI
= 1, auto-negotiation completed
= 0, auto-negotiation not completed
= 1, link good
= 0, link not good
= 1, link partner flow control (pause) capable
= 0, link partner not flow control (pause) capable
Default
0
0
0
0
RO
= 1, link partner 100BT full duplex capable
= 0, link partner not 100BT full duplex capable
0
RO
= 1, link partner 100BT half duplex capable
= 0, link partner not 100BT half duplex capable
0
RO
= 1, link partner 10BT full duplex capable
= 0, link partner not 10BT full duplex capable
0
RO
= 1, link partner 10BT half duplex capable
= 0, link partner not 10BT half duplex capable
0
Register 31 (0x1F): Port 1 Status 1
Register 47 (0x2F): Port 2 Status 1
Register 63 (0x3F): Port 3 Status 1
Bit
Name
R/W
Description
Default
7
Hp_mdix
R/W
1 = HP Auto MDI/MDI-X mode
0 = Micrel Auto MDI/MDI-X mode
1
Note: Only ports
1 and 2 are
PHY ports.
This bit is not
applicable to
port 3 (MII).
6
Reserved
RO
0
5
Polrvs
RO
Reserved
Do not change the default value.
1 = polarity is reversed
0 = polarity is not reversed
4
Transmit Flow
Control Enable
RO
0
3
Receive Flow
Control Enable
RO
1 = transmit flow control feature is active
0 = transmit flow control feature is inactive
1 = receive flow control feature is active
0 = receive flow control feature is inactive
June 2005
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0
Note: Only ports
1 and 2 are
PHY ports.
This bit is not
applicable to
port 3 (MII).
0
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Register 31 (0x1F): Port 1 Status 1 (continued)
Register 47 (0x2F): Port 2 Status 1 (continued)
Register 63 (0x3F): Port 3 Status 1 (continued)
Bit
Name
R/W
Description
Default
2
Operation
Speed
RO
1 = link speed is 100Mbps
0
1
Operation
Duplex
RO
0
Far-end Fault
RO
0 = link speed is 10Mbps
1 = link duplex is full
0
0 = link duplex is half
= 1, Far-end fault status detected
0
= 0, no Far-end fault status detected
Note: Only port
1 supports fiber.
This bit is
applicable to
port 1 only.
Advanced Control Registers
The IPv4/IPv6 TOS Priority Control Registers implement a fully decoded, 128-bit DSCP (Differentiated Services
Code Point) register set that is used to determine priority from the ToS (Type of Service) field in the IP header.
The most significant 6 bits of the ToS field are fully decoded into 64 possibilities, and the singular code that
results is compared against the corresponding bits in the DSCP register to determine the priority.
Register 96 (0x60): TOS Priority Control Register 0
Bit
Name
R/W
Description
Default
7-6
DSCP[7:6]
R/W
The value in this field is used as the frame’s
priority when bits [7:2] of the frame’s IP
TOS/DiffServ/Traffic Class value is 0x0C.
00
5-4
DSCP[5:4]
R/W
The value in this field is used as the frame’s
priority when bits [7:2] of the frame’s IP
TOS/DiffServ/Traffic Class value is 0x08.
00
3-2
DSCP[3:2]
R/W
The value in this field is used as the frame’s
priority when bits [7:2] of the frame’s IP
TOS/DiffServ/Traffic Class value is 0x04.
00
1-0
DSCP[1:0]
R/W
The value in this field is used as the frame’s
priority when bits [7:2] of the frame’s IP
TOS/DiffServ/Traffic Class value is 0x00.
00
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Register 97 (0x61): TOS Priority Control Register 1
Bit
Name
R/W
Description
Default
7-6
DSCP[15:14]
R/W
The value in this field is used as the frame’s
priority when bits [7:2] of the frame’s IP
TOS/DiffServ/Traffic Class value is 0x1C.
00
5-4
DSCP[13:12]
R/W
The value in this field is used as the frame’s
priority when bits [7:2] of the frame’s IP
TOS/DiffServ/Traffic Class value is 0x18.
00
3-2
DSCP[11:10]
R/W
The value in this field is used as the frame’s
priority when bits [7:2] of the frame’s IP
TOS/DiffServ/Traffic Class value is 0x14.
00
1-0
DSCP[9:8]
R/W
The value in this field is used as the frame’s
priority when bits [7:2] of the frame’s IP
TOS/DiffServ/Traffic Class value is 0x10.
00
Register 98 (0x62): TOS Priority Control Register 2
Bit
Name
R/W
Description
Default
7-6
DSCP[23:22]
R/W
The value in this field is used as the frame’s
priority when bits [7:2] of the frame’s IP
TOS/DiffServ/Traffic Class value is 0x2C.
00
5-4
DSCP[21:20]
R/W
The value in this field is used as the frame’s
priority when bits [7:2] of the frame’s IP
TOS/DiffServ/Traffic Class value is 0x28.
00
3-2
DSCP[19:18]
R/W
The value in this field is used as the frame’s
priority when bits [7:2] of the frame’s IP
TOS/DiffServ/Traffic Class value is 0x24.
00
1-0
DSCP[17:16]
R/W
The value in this field is used as the frame’s
priority when bits [7:2] of the frame’s IP
TOS/DiffServ/Traffic Class value is 0x20.
00
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Register 99 (0x63): TOS Priority Control Register 3
Bit
Name
R/W
Description
Default
7-6
DSCP[31:30]
R/W
The value in this field is used as the frame’s
priority when bits [7:2] of the frame’s IP
TOS/DiffServ/Traffic Class value is 0x3C.
00
5-4
DSCP[29:28]
R/W
The value in this field is used as the frame’s
priority when bits [7:2] of the frame’s IP
TOS/DiffServ/Traffic Class value is 0x38.
00
3-2
DSCP[27:26]
R/W
The value in this field is used as the frame’s
priority when bits [7:2] of the frame’s IP
TOS/DiffServ/Traffic Class value is 0x34.
00
1-0
DSCP[25:24]
R/W
The value in this field is used as the frame’s
priority when bits [7:2] of the frame’s IP
TOS/DiffServ/Traffic Class value is 0x30.
00
Register 100 (0x64): TOS Priority Control Register 4
Bit
Name
R/W
Description
Default
7-6
DSCP[39:38]
R/W
The value in this field is used as the frame’s
priority when bits [7:2] of the frame’s IP
TOS/DiffServ/Traffic Class value is 0x4C.
00
5-4
DSCP[37:36]
R/W
The value in this field is used as the frame’s
priority when bits [7:2] of the frame’s IP
TOS/DiffServ/Traffic Class value is 0x48.
00
3-2
DSCP[35:34]
R/W
The value in this field is used as the frame’s
priority when bits [7:2] of the frame’s IP
TOS/DiffServ/Traffic Class value is 0x44.
00
1-0
DSCP[33:32]
R/W
The value in this field is used as the frame’s
priority when bits [7:2] of the frame’s IP
TOS/DiffServ/Traffic Class value is 0x40.
00
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Register 101 (0x65): TOS Priority Control Register 5
Bit
Name
R/W
Description
Default
7-6
DSCP[47:46]
R/W
The value in this field is used as the frame’s
priority when bits [7:2] of the frame’s IP
TOS/DiffServ/Traffic Class value is 0x5C.
00
5-4
DSCP[45:44]
R/W
The value in this field is used as the frame’s
priority when bits [7:2] of the frame’s IP
TOS/DiffServ/Traffic Class value is 0x58.
00
3-2
DSCP[43:42]
R/W
The value in this field is used as the frame’s
priority when bits [7:2] of the frame’s IP
TOS/DiffServ/Traffic Class value is 0x54.
00
1-0
DSCP[41:40]
R/W
The value in this field is used as the frame’s
priority when bits [7:2] of the frame’s IP
TOS/DiffServ/Traffic Class value is 0x50.
00
Register 102 (0x66): TOS Priority Control Register 6
Bit
Name
R/W
Description
Default
7-6
DSCP[55:54]
R/W
The value in this field is used as the frame’s
priority when bits [7:2] of the frame’s IP
TOS/DiffServ/Traffic Class value is 0x6C.
00
5-4
DSCP[53:52]
R/W
The value in this field is used as the frame’s
priority when bits [7:2] of the frame’s IP
TOS/DiffServ/Traffic Class value is 0x68.
00
3-2
DSCP[51:50]
R/W
The value in this field is used as the frame’s
priority when bits [7:2] of the frame’s IP
TOS/DiffServ/Traffic Class value is 0x64.
00
1-0
DSCP[49:48]
R/W
The value in this field is used as the frame’s
priority when bits [7:2] of the frame’s IP
TOS/DiffServ/Traffic Class value is 0x60.
00
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Register 103 (0x67): TOS Priority Control Register 7
Bit
Name
R/W
Description
Default
7-6
DSCP[63:62]
R/W
The value in this field is used as the frame’s
priority when bits [7:2] of the frame’s IP
TOS/DiffServ/Traffic Class value is 0x7C.
00
5-4
DSCP[61:60]
R/W
The value in this field is used as the frame’s
priority when bits [7:2] of the frame’s IP
TOS/DiffServ/Traffic Class value is 0x78.
00
3-2
DSCP[59:58]
R/W
The value in this field is used as the frame’s
priority when bits [7:2] of the frame’s IP
TOS/DiffServ/Traffic Class value is 0x74.
00
1-0
DSCP[57:56]
R/W
The value in this field is used as the frame’s
priority when bits [7:2] of the frame’s IP
TOS/DiffServ/Traffic Class value is 0x70.
00
Register 104 (0x68): TOS Priority Control Register 8
Bit
Name
R/W
Description
Default
7-6
DSCP[71:70]
R/W
The value in this field is used as the frame’s
priority when bits [7:2] of the frame’s IP
TOS/DiffServ/Traffic Class value is 0x8C.
00
5-4
DSCP[69:68]
R/W
The value in this field is used as the frame’s
priority when bits [7:2] of the frame’s IP
TOS/DiffServ/Traffic Class value is 0x88.
00
3-2
DSCP[67:66]
R/W
The value in this field is used as the frame’s
priority when bits [7:2] of the frame’s IP
TOS/DiffServ/Traffic Class value is 0x84.
00
1-0
DSCP[65:64]
R/W
The value in this field is used as the frame’s
priority when bits [7:2] of the frame’s IP
TOS/DiffServ/Traffic Class value is 0x80.
00
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Register 105 (0x69): TOS Priority Control Register 9
Bit
Name
R/W
Description
Default
7-6
DSCP[79:78]
R/W
The value in this field is used as the frame’s
priority when bits [7:2] of the frame’s IP
TOS/DiffServ/Traffic Class value is 0x9C.
00
5-4
DSCP[77:76]
R/W
The value in this field is used as the frame’s
priority when bits [7:2] of the frame’s IP
TOS/DiffServ/Traffic Class value is 0x98.
00
3-2
DSCP[75:74]
R/W
The value in this field is used as the frame’s
priority when bits [7:2] of the frame’s IP
TOS/DiffServ/Traffic Class value is 0x94.
00
1-0
DSCP[73:72]
R/W
The value in this field is used as the frame’s
priority when bits [7:2] of the frame’s IP
TOS/DiffServ/Traffic Class value is 0x90.
00
Register 106 (0x6A): TOS Priority Control Register 10
Bit
Name
R/W
Description
Default
7-6
DSCP[87:86]
R/W
The value in this field is used as the frame’s
priority when bits [7:2] of the frame’s IP
TOS/DiffServ/Traffic Class value is 0xAC.
00
5-4
DSCP[85:84]
R/W
The value in this field is used as the frame’s
priority when bits [7:2] of the frame’s IP
TOS/DiffServ/Traffic Class value is 0xA8.
00
3-2
DSCP[83:82]
R/W
The value in this field is used as the frame’s
priority when bits [7:2] of the frame’s IP
TOS/DiffServ/Traffic Class value is 0xA4.
00
1-0
DSCP[81:80]
R/W
The value in this field is used as the frame’s
priority when bits [7:2] of the frame’s IP
TOS/DiffServ/Traffic Class value is 0xA0.
00
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Register 107 (0x6B): TOS Priority Control Register 11
Bit
Name
R/W
Description
Default
7-6
DSCP[95:94]
R/W
The value in this field is used as the frame’s
priority when bits [7:2] of the frame’s IP
TOS/DiffServ/Traffic Class value is 0xBC.
00
5-4
DSCP[93:92]
R/W
The value in this field is used as the frame’s
priority when bits [7:2] of the frame’s IP
TOS/DiffServ/Traffic Class value is 0xB8.
00
3-2
DSCP[91:90]
R/W
The value in this field is used as the frame’s
priority when bits [7:2] of the frame’s IP
TOS/DiffServ/Traffic Class value is 0xB4.
00
1-0
DSCP[89:88]
R/W
The value in this field is used as the frame’s
priority when bits [7:2] of the frame’s IP
TOS/DiffServ/Traffic Class value is 0xB0.
00
Register 108 (0x6C): TOS Priority Control Register 12
Bit
Name
R/W
Description
Default
7-6
DSCP[103:102]
R/W
The value in this field is used as the frame’s
priority when bits [7:2] of the frame’s IP
TOS/DiffServ/Traffic Class value is 0xCC.
00
5-4
DSCP[101:100]
R/W
The value in this field is used as the frame’s
priority when bits [7:2] of the frame’s IP
TOS/DiffServ/Traffic Class value is 0xC8.
00
3-2
DSCP[99:98]
R/W
The value in this field is used as the frame’s
priority when bits [7:2] of the frame’s IP
TOS/DiffServ/Traffic Class value is 0xC4.
00
1-0
DSCP[97:96]
R/W
The value in this field is used as the frame’s
priority when bits [7:2] of the frame’s IP
TOS/DiffServ/Traffic Class value is 0xC0.
00
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Register 109 (0x6D): TOS Priority Control Register 13
Bit
Name
R/W
Description
Default
7-6
DSCP[111:110]
R/W
The value in this field is used as the frame’s
priority when bits [7:2] of the frame’s IP
TOS/DiffServ/Traffic Class value is 0xDC.
00
5-4
DSCP[109:108]
R/W
The value in this field is used as the frame’s
priority when bits [7:2] of the frame’s IP
TOS/DiffServ/Traffic Class value is 0xD8.
00
3-2
DSCP[107:106]
R/W
The value in this field is used as the frame’s
priority when bits [7:2] of the frame’s IP
TOS/DiffServ/Traffic Class value is 0xD4.
00
1-0
DSCP[105:104]
R/W
The value in this field is used as the frame’s
priority when bits [7:2] of the frame’s IP
TOS/DiffServ/Traffic Class value is 0xD0.
00
Register 110 (0x6E): TOS Priority Control Register 14
Bit
Name
R/W
Description
Default
7-6
DSCP[119:118]
R/W
The value in this field is used as the frame’s
priority when bits [7:2] of the frame’s IP
TOS/DiffServ/Traffic Class value is 0xEC.
00
5-4
DSCP[117:116]
R/W
The value in this field is used as the frame’s
priority when bits [7:2] of the frame’s IP
TOS/DiffServ/Traffic Class value is 0xE8.
00
3-2
DSCP[115:114]
R/W
The value in this field is used as the frame’s
priority when bits [7:2] of the frame’s IP
TOS/DiffServ/Traffic Class value is 0xE4.
00
1-0
DSCP[113:112]
R/W
The value in this field is used as the frame’s
priority when bits [7:2] of the frame’s IP
TOS/DiffServ/Traffic Class value is 0xE0.
00
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Register 111 (0x6F): TOS Priority Control Register 15
Bit
Name
R/W
Description
Default
7-6
DSCP[127:126]
R/W
The value in this field is used as the frame’s
priority when bits [7:2] of the frame’s IP
TOS/DiffServ/Traffic Class value is 0xFC.
00
5-4
DSCP[125:124]
R/W
The value in this field is used as the frame’s
priority when bits [7:2] of the frame’s IP
TOS/DiffServ/Traffic Class value is 0xF8.
00
3-2
DSCP[123:122]
R/W
The value in this field is used as the frame’s
priority when bits [7:2] of the frame’s IP
TOS/DiffServ/Traffic Class value is 0xF4.
00
1-0
DSCP[121:120]
R/W
The value in this field is used as the frame’s
priority when bits [7:2] of the frame’s IP
TOS/DiffServ/Traffic Class value is 0xF0.
00
Registers 112 to 117
Registers 112 to 117 contain the switch engine’s MAC address. This 48-bit address is used as the Source
Address for the MAC’s full duplex flow control (PAUSE) frame.
Register 112 (0x70): MAC Address Register 0
Bit
Name
R/W
7-0
MACA[47:40]
R/W
Description
Default
0x00
Register 113 (0x71): MAC Address Register 1
Bit
Name
R/W
7-0
MACA[39:32]
R/W
Description
Default
0x10
Register 114 (0x72): MAC Address Register 2
Bit
Name
R/W
7-0
MACA[31:24]
R/W
Description
Default
0xA1
Register 115 (0x73): MAC Address Register 3
Bit
Name
R/W
7-0
MACA[23:16]
R/W
Description
Default
0xFF
Register 116 (0x74): MAC Address Register 4
Bit
Name
R/W
7-0
MACA[15:8]
R/W
Description
Default
0xFF
Register 117 (0x75): MAC Address Register 5
Bit
Name
R/W
7-0
MACA[7:0]
R/W
June 2005
Description
Default
0xFF
82
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Registers 118 to 120
Registers 118 to 120 are User Defined Registers (UDRs). These are general purpose read/write registers that can
be used to pass user defined control and status information between the KS8893M and the external processor.
Register 118 (0x76): User Defined Register 1
Bit
Name
R/W
7-0
UDR1
R/W
Description
Default
0x00
Register 119 (0x77): User Defined Register 2
Bit
Name
R/W
7-0
UDR2
R/W
Description
Default
0x00
Register 120 (0x78): User Defined Register 3
Bit
Name
R/W
7-0
UDR3
R/W
Description
Default
0x00
Registers 121 to 131
Registers 121 to 131 provide read and write access to the static MAC address table, VLAN table, dynamic MAC
address table, and MIB counters.
Register 121 (0x79): Indirect Access Control 0
Bit
Name
R/W
Description
Default
7-5
Reserved
R/W
000
4
Read High /
Write Low
R/W
3-2
Table Select
R/W
1-0
Indirect
Address High
R/W
Reserved
Do not change the default values.
= 1, read cycle
= 0, write cycle
00 = static MAC address table selected
01 = VLAN table selected
10 = dynamic MAC address table selected
11 = MIB counter selected
Bits [9:8] of indirect address
0
00
00
Register 122 (0x7A): Indirect Access Control 1
Bit
Name
R/W
Description
Default
7-0
Indirect
Address Low
R/W
Bits [7:0] of indirect address
0000_0000
Note: A write to register 122 triggers the read/write command. Read or write access is determined by register 121 bit 4.
Register 123 (0x7B): Indirect Data Register 8
Bit
Name
R/W
Description
Default
7
CPU Read
Status
RO
0
6-3
Reserved
RO
This bit is applicable only for dynamic MAC
address table and MIB counter reads.
= 1, read is still in progress
= 0, read has completed
Reserved
0000
2-0
Indirect Data
[66:64]
RO
Bits [66:64] of indirect data
000
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Register 124 (0x7C): Indirect Data Register 7
Bit
Name
R/W
Description
Default
7-0
Indirect Data
[63:56]
R/W
Bits [63:56] of indirect data
0000_0000
Register 125 (0x7D): Indirect Data Register 6
Bit
Name
R/W
Description
Default
7-0
Indirect Data
[55:48]
R/W
Bits [55:48] of indirect data
0000_0000
Register 126 (0x7E): Indirect Data Register 5
Bit
Name
R/W
Description
Default
7-0
Indirect Data
[47:40]
R/W
Bits [47:40] of indirect data
0000_0000
Register 127 (0x7F): Indirect Data Register 4
Bit
Name
R/W
Description
Default
7-0
Indirect Data
[39:32]
R/W
Bits [39:32] of indirect data
0000_0000
Register 128 (0x80): Indirect Data Register 3
Bit
Name
R/W
Description
Default
7-0
Indirect Data
[31:24]
R/W
Bits [31:24] of indirect data
0000_0000
Register 129 (0x81): Indirect Data Register 2
Bit
Name
R/W
Description
Default
7-0
Indirect Data
[23:16]
R/W
Bits [23:16] of indirect data
0000_0000
Register 130 (0x82): Indirect Data Register 1
Bit
Name
R/W
Description
Default
7-0
Indirect Data
[15:8]
R/W
Bits [15:8] of indirect data
0000_0000
Register 131 (0x83): Indirect Data Register 0
Bit
Name
R/W
Description
Default
7-0
Indirect Data
[7:0]
R/W
Bits [7:0] of indirect data
0000_0000
Registers 132 to 141
Reserved registers 132 to 141 are used by Micrel for internal testing only. Do not change the values of these
registers.
Register 132 (0x84): Digital Testing Status 0
Bit
Name
R/W
Description
Default
7-3
Reserved
RO
Factory testing
00000
2-0
Om_split
Status
RO
Factory testing
000
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Register 133 (0x85): Digital Testing Control 0
Bit
Name
R/W
7-0
Reserved
R/W
Description
Default
Factory testing
0x00
Dbg[7:0]
Register 134 (0x86): Analog Testing Control 0
Bit
Name
R/W
Description
Default
7-0
Reserved
R/W
Factory testing
0x00
(dgt_actl0)
Register 135 (0x87): Analog Testing Control 1
Bit
Name
R/W
Description
Default
7-0
Reserved
R/W
Factory testing
0x00
(dgt_actl1)
Register 136 (0x88): Analog Testing Control 2
Bit
Name
R/W
7-0
Reserved
R/W
Description
Default
Factory testing
0x00
(dgt_actl2)
Register 137 (0x89): Analog Testing Control 3
Bit
Name
R/W
7-0
Reserved
R/W
Description
Default
Factory testing
0x00
(dgt_actl3)
Register 138 (0x8A): Analog Testing Status
Bit
Name
R/W
Description
Default
7-0
Reserved
RO
Factory testing
0x00
Register 139 (0x8B): Analog Testing Control 4
Bit
Name
R/W
7-0
Reserved
R/W
Description
Default
Factory testing
0x00
(dgt_actl4)
Register 140 (0x8C): QM Debug 1
Bit
Name
R/W
Description
Default
7-0
Reserved
RO
Factory testing
0x00
QM_Debug bit[7:0]
Register 141 (0x8D): QM Debug 2
Bit
Name
R/W
Description
Default
7-1
Reserved
RO
Reserved
0000_000
0
Reserved
RO
Do not change the default values.
Factory testing
0
QM_Debug bit[8]
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Static MAC Address Table
The KS8893M supports both a static and a dynamic MAC address table. In response to a Destination Address
(DA) look up, the KS8893M searches both tables to make a packet forwarding decision. In response to a Source
Address (SA) look up, only the dynamic table is searched for aging, migration and learning purposes.
The static DA look up result takes precedence over the dynamic DA look up result. If there is a DA match in both
tables, the result from the static table is used. These entries in the static table will not be aged out by the
KS8893M.
The static table can be accessed by an external processor via the SMI, SPI and I2C interfaces. The external
processor performs all addition, modification and deletion of static MAC table entries.
Bit
Name
R/W
Description
Default
57-54
FID
R/W
Filter VLAN ID – identifies one of the 16 active
VLANs
0000
53
Use FID
R/W
= 1, use (FID+MAC) for static table look ups
0
= 0, use MAC only for static table look ups
52
Override
R/W
= 1, override port setting “transmit enable=0” or
“receive enable=0” setting
0
= 0, no override
51
Valid
R/W
= 1, this entry is valid, the lookup result will be
used
0
= 0, this entry is not valid
50-48
47-0
Forwarding
Ports
R/W
These 3 bits control the forwarding port(s):
000
MAC Address
R/W
001, forward to port 1
010, forward to port 2
100, forward to port 3
011, forward to port 1 and port 2
110, forward to port 2 and port 3
101, forward to port 1 and port 3
111, broadcasting (excluding the
ingress port)
48-bit MAC Address
0x0000_0000_0000
Table 16. Format of Static MAC Table (8 Entries)
Examples:
1. Static Address Table Read (Read the 2nd Entry)
Write to reg. 121 (0x79) with 0x10
Write to reg. 122 (0x7A) with 0x01
Then,
Read reg. 124 (0x7C), static table bits [57:56]
Read reg. 125 (0x7D), static table bits [55:48]
Read reg. 126 (0x7E), static table bits [47:40]
Read reg. 127 (0x7F), static table bits [39:32]
Read reg. 128 (0x80), static table bits [31:24]
Read reg. 129 (0x81), static table bits [23:16]
Read reg. 130 (0x82), static table bits [15:8]
Read reg. 131 (0x83), static table bits [7:0]
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// Read static table selected
// Trigger the read operation
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2. Static Address Table Write (Write the 8th Entry)
Write to reg. 124 (0x7C), static table bits [57:56]
Write to reg. 125 (0x7D), static table bits [55:48]
Write to reg. 126 (0x7E), static table bits [47:40]
Write to reg. 127 (0x7F), static table bits [39:32]
Write to reg. 128 (0x80), static table bits [31:24]
Write to reg. 129 (0x81), static table bits [23:16]
Write to reg. 130 (0x82), static table bits [15:8]
Write to reg. 131 (0x83), static table bits [7:0]
Write to reg. 121 (0x79) with 0x00
// Write static table selected
Write to reg. 122 (0x7A) with 0x07
// Trigger the write operation
VLAN Table
The KS8893M uses the VLAN table to perform look ups. If 802.1Q VLAN mode is enabled (register 5, bit 7 = 1),
this table will be used to retrieve the VLAN information that is associated with the ingress packet. This
information includes FID (filter ID), VID (VLAN ID), and VLAN membership as described in the following table.
Bit
Name
R/W
19
Valid
R/W
Description
= 1, entry is valid
= 0, entry is invalid
Specify which ports are members of the VLAN. If
a DA lookup fails (no match in both static and
dynamic tables), the packet associated with this
VLAN will be forwarded to ports specified in this
field. For example, 101 means port 3 and 1 are in
this VLAN.
Default
18-16
Membership
R/W
15-12
FID
R/W
Filter ID. KS8893M supports 16 active VLANs
represented by these four bit fields. FID is the
mapped ID. If 802.1Q VLAN is enabled, the look
up will be based on FID+DA and FID+SA.
0x0
11-0
VID
R/W
IEEE 802.1Q 12 bits VLAN ID
0x001
1
111
Table 17. Format of Static VLAN Table (16 Entries)
If 802.1Q VLAN mode is enabled, KS8893M will assign a VID to every ingress packet. If the packet is untagged or
tagged with a null VID, the packet is assigned with the default port VID of the ingress port. If the packet is tagged
with non null VID, the VID in the tag will be used. The look up process will start from the VLAN table look up. If the
VID is not valid, the packet will be dropped and no address learning will take place. If the VID is valid, the FID is
retrieved. The FID+DA and FID+SA lookups are performed. The FID+DA look up determines the forwarding ports.
If FID+DA fails, the packet will be broadcast to all the members (excluding the ingress port) of the VLAN. If
FID+SA fails, the FID+SA will be learned.
Examples:
1. VLAN Table Read (read the 3rd entry)
Write to reg. 121 (0x79) with 0x14
Write to reg. 122 (0x7A) with 0x02
Then,
Read reg. 129 (0x81), VLAN table bits [19:16]
Read reg. 130 (0x82), VLAN table bits [15:8]
Read reg. 131 (0x83), VLAN table bits [7:0]
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// Read VLAN table selected
// Trigger the read operation
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2. VLAN Table Write (write the 7th entry)
Write to reg. 129 (0x81), VLAN table bits [19:16]
Write to reg. 130 (0x82), VLAN table bits [15:8]
Write to reg. 131 (0x83), VLAN table bits [7:0]
Write to reg. 121 (0x79) with 0x04
// Write VLAN table selected
Write to reg. 122 (0x7A) with 0x06
// Trigger the write operation
Dynamic MAC Address Table
The KS8893M maintains the dynamic MAC address table. Read access is allowed only.
Bit
Name
R/W
Description
Default
71
Data Not
Ready
RO
= 1, entry is not ready, continue retrying until this
bit is set to 0
= 0, entry is ready
70-67
Reserved
RO
Reserved
66
MAC Empty
RO
= 1, there is no valid entry in the table
1
= 0, there are valid entries in the table
No of Valid
Entries
RO
Indicates how many valid entries in the table
55-54
Time Stamp
RO
0x3ff means 1K entries
0x001 means 2 entries
0x000 and bit 66 = 0 means 1 entry
0x000 and bit 66 = 1 means 0 entry
2 bits counter for internal aging
53-52
Source Port
RO
The source port where FID+MAC is learned
65-56
00_0000_0000
00
00 : port 1
01 : port 2
10 : port 3
51-48
FID
RO
Filter ID
0x0
47-0
MAC Address
RO
48-bit MAC Address
0x0000_0000_0000
Table 18. Format of Dynamic MAC Address Table (1K Entries)
Example:
Dynamic MAC Address Table Read (read the 1st entry and retrieve the MAC table size)
Write to reg. 121 (0x79) with 0x18
// Read dynamic table selected
Write to reg. 122 (0x7A) with 0x00
// Trigger the read operation
Then,
Read reg. 123 (0x7B), bit [7]
// if bit 7 = 1, restart (reread) from this register
dynamic table bits [66:64]
Read reg. 124 (0x7C), dynamic table bits [63:56]
Read reg. 125 (0x7D), dynamic table bits [55:48]
Read reg. 126 (0x7E), dynamic table bits [47:40]
Read reg. 127 (0x7F), dynamic table bits [39:32]
Read reg. 128 (0x80), dynamic table bits [31:24]
Read reg. 129 (0x81), dynamic table bits [23:16]
Read reg. 130 (0x82), dynamic table bits [15:8]
Read reg. 131 (0x83), dynamic table bits [7:0]
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MIB (Management Information Base) Counters
The KS8893M provides 34 MIB counters per port. These counters are used to monitor the port activity for network
management. The MIB counters have two format groups: “Per Port” and “All Port Dropped Packet.”
Bit
Name
R/W
31
Overflow
RO
30
Count valid
RO
29-0
Counter values
RO
Description
= 1, counter overflow
= 0, no counter overflow
= 1, counter value is valid
= 0, counter value is not valid
Counter value
Default
0
0
0
Table 19. Format of “Per Port” MIB Counters
“Per Port” MIB counters are read using indirect memory access. The base address offsets and address ranges for
all three ports are:
Port 1, base is 0x00 and range is (0x00-0x1f)
Port 2, base is 0x20 and range is (0x20-0x3f)
Port 3, base is 0x40 and range is (0x40-0x5f)
Port 1 MIB counters are read using the indirect memory offsets in the following table.
Offset
Counter Name
Description
0x0
RxLoPriorityByte
Rx lo-priority (default) octet count including bad packets
0x1
RxHiPriorityByte
Rx hi-priority octet count including bad packets
0x2
RxUndersizePkt
Rx undersize packets w/ good CRC
0x3
RxFragments
Rx fragment packets w/ bad CRC, symbol errors or alignment errors
0x4
RxOversize
Rx oversize packets w/ good CRC (max: 1536 or 1522 bytes)
0x5
RxJabbers
Rx packets longer than 1522 bytes w/ either CRC errors, alignment errors, or
symbol errors (depends on max packet size setting)
0x6
RxSymbolError
Rx packets w/ invalid data symbol and legal packet size.
0x7
RxCRCError
Rx packets within (64,1522) bytes w/ an integral number of bytes and a bad CRC
(upper limit depends on max packet size setting)
0x8
RxAlignmentError
Rx packets within (64,1522) bytes w/ a non-integral number of bytes and a bad
CRC (upper limit depends on max packet size setting)
0x9
RxControl8808Pkts
Number of MAC control frames received by a port with 88-08h in EtherType field
0xA
RxPausePkts
Number of PAUSE frames received by a port. PAUSE frame is qualified with
EtherType (88-08h), DA, control opcode (00-01), data length (64B min), and a valid
CRC
0xB
RxBroadcast
Rx good broadcast packets (not including error broadcast packets or valid multicast
packets)
0xC
RxMulticast
Rx good multicast packets (not including MAC control frames, error multicast
packets or valid broadcast packets)
0xD
RxUnicast
Rx good unicast packets
0xE
Rx64Octets
Total Rx packets (bad packets included) that were 64 octets in length
0xF
Rx65to127Octets
Total Rx packets (bad packets included) that are between 65 and 127 octets in
length
0x10
Rx128to255Octets
Total Rx packets (bad packets included) that are between 128 and 255 octets in
length
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0x11
Rx256to511Octets
Total Rx packets (bad packets included) that are between 256 and 511 octets in
length
0x12
Rx512to1023Octets
Total Rx packets (bad packets included) that are between 512 and 1023 octets in
length
0x13
Rx1024to1522Octets
Total Rx packets (bad packets included) that are between 1024 and 1522 octets in
length (upper limit depends on max packet size setting)
0x14
TxLoPriorityByte
Tx lo-priority good octet count, including PAUSE packets
0x15
TxHiPriorityByte
Tx hi-priority good octet count, including PAUSE packets
0x16
TxLateCollision
The number of times a collision is detected later than 512 bit-times into the Tx of a
packet
0x17
TxPausePkts
Number of PAUSE frames transmitted by a port
0x18
TxBroadcastPkts
Tx good broadcast packets (not including error broadcast or valid multicast packets)
0x19
TxMulticastPkts
Tx good multicast packets (not including error multicast packets or valid broadcast
packets)
0x1A
TxUnicastPkts
Tx good unicast packets
0x1B
TxDeferred
Tx packets by a port for which the 1st Tx attempt is delayed due to the busy
medium
0x1C
TxTotalCollision
Tx total collision, half duplex only
0x1D
TxExcessiveCollision
A count of frames for which Tx fails due to excessive collisions
0x1E
TxSingleCollision
Successfully Tx frames on a port for which Tx is inhibited by exactly one collision
0x1F
TxMultipleCollision
Successfully Tx frames on a port for which Tx is inhibited by more than one collision
Table 20. Port 1’s “Per Port” MIB Counters Indirect Memory Offsets
Bit
Name
R/W
Description
Default
30-16
Reserved
N/A
Reserved
N/A
15-0
Counter Value
RO
Counter Value
0
Table 21. Format of “All Port Dropped Packet” MIB Counters
“All Port Dropped Packet” MIB counters are read using indirect memory access. The address offsets for these
counters are shown in the following table:
Offset
Counter Name
Description
0x100
Port1 TX Drop Packets
TX packets dropped due to lack of resources
0x101
Port2 TX Drop Packets
TX packets dropped due to lack of resources
0x102
Port3 TX Drop Packets
TX packets dropped due to lack of resources
0x103
Port1 RX Drop Packets
RX packets dropped due to lack of resources
0x104
Port2 RX Drop Packets
RX packets dropped due to lack of resources
0x105
Port3 RX Drop Packets
RX packets dropped due to lack of resources
Table 22. “All Port Dropped Packet” MIB Counters Indirect Memory Offsets
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Examples:
1. MIB Counter Read (Read port 1 “Rx64Octets” Counter)
Write to reg. 121 (0x79) with 0x1c
// Read MIB counters selected
Write to reg. 122 (0x7A) with 0x0e
// Trigger the read operation
Then
Read reg. 128 (0x80), overflow bit [31]
// If bit 31 = 1, there was a counter overflow
valid bit [30]
// If bit 30 = 0, restart (reread) from this register
counter bits [29:24]
Read reg. 129 (0x81), counter bits [23:16]
Read reg. 130 (0x82), counter bits [15:8]
Read reg. 131 (0x83), counter bits [7:0]
2. MIB Counter Read (Read port 2 “Rx64Octets” Counter)
Write to reg. 121 (0x79) with 0x1c
// Read MIB counter selected
Write to reg. 122 (0x7A) with 0x2e
// Trigger the read operation
Then,
Read reg. 128 (0x80), overflow bit [31]
// If bit 31 = 1, there was a counter overflow
valid bit [30]
// If bit 30 = 0, restart (reread) from this register
counter bits [29:24]
Read reg. 129 (0x81), counter bits [23:16]
Read reg. 130 (0x82), counter bits [15:8]
Read reg. 131 (0x83), counter bits [7:0]
3. MIB Counter Read (Read “Port1 TX Drop Packets” Counter)
Write to reg. 121 (0x79) with 0x1d
// Read MIB counter selected
Write to reg. 122 (0x7A) with 0x00
// Trigger the read operation
Then
Read reg. 130 (0x82), counter bits [15:8]
Read reg. 131 (0x83), counter bits [7:0]
Additional MIB Counter Information
“Per Port” MIB counters are designed as “read clear.” These counters will be cleared after they are read.
“All Port Dropped Packet” MIB counters are not cleared after they are accessed and do not indicate overflow or
validity; therefore, the application must keep track of overflow and valid conditions.
To read out all the counters, the best performance over the SPI bus is (160+3)*8*200 = 260ms, where there are
160 registers, 3 overheads, 8 clocks per access, at 5MHz. In the heaviest condition, the counters will overflow in 2
minutes. It is recommended that the software read all the counters at least every 30 seconds.
A high performance SPI master is also recommended to prevent counters overflow.
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Absolute Maximum Ratings(1)
Description
Pins
Value
Supply Storage
N/A
-55°C to 150°C
Supply Voltage
VDDA, VDDAP, VDDC
–0.5V to 1.8V
VDDATX, VDDARX, VDDIO
–0.5V to 4.0V
Input Voltage (all inputs)
All Inputs
–0.5V to 4.0V
Output Voltage (all outputs)
All Outputs
–0.5V to 4.0V
Lead Temperature (soldering, 10 sec)
N/A
Storage Temperature (Ts)
N/A
-55°C to 150°C
Note:
1. Exceeding the absolute maximum rating may damage the device.
Stresses greater than those listed in the table above may cause permanent damage to the device. Operation of
the device at these or any other conditions above those specified in the operating sections of this specification is
not implied. Maximum conditions for extended periods may affect reliability. Unused inputs must always be tied to
an appropriate logic voltage level.
Operating Ratings(1)
Parameter
Symbol
Min
Typ
Max
Supply Voltages
VDDA,VDDAP,VDDC
1.14V
1.2V
1.26V
VDDATX,VDDARX, VDDIO
3.135V
3.3V
3.465V
Ambient Operating
Temperature
TA
0°C
Maximum Junction
Temperature
TJ
Thermal Resistance Junction to
(2)
Ambient
θJA
70°C
125°C
32°C/W
Notes:
1. The device is not guaranteed to function outside its operating rating. Unused inputs must always be tied to an appropriate logic voltage
level (Ground to VDD).
2. No (HS) heat spreader in this package.
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Electrical Characteristics(1)
Parameter
Symbol
Condition
Min
Typ
Max
Supply Current - Single-supply KS8893ML device only
100BASE-TX Operation (All Ports @ 100% Utilization)
100BASE-TX
(transceiver + digital I/O)
Iddxio
VDDATX, VDDARX, VDDIO = 3.3V
120mA
10BASE-T Operation (All Ports @ 100% Utilization)
10BASE-T
(transceiver + digital I/O)
Iddxio
VDDATX, VDDARX, VDDIO = 3.3V
90mA
Supply Current - Dual-supply KS8893M device only
100BASE-TX Operation (All Ports @ 100% Utilization)
100BASE-TX
(analog core + PLL + digital core)
100BASE-TX
(transceiver + digital I/O)
Iddc
VDDA, VDDAP, VDDC = 1.2V
TBD
Iddxio
VDDATX, VDDARX, VDDIO = 3.3V
TBD
10BASE-T Operation (All Ports @ 100% Utilization)
10BASE-T
(analog core + PLL + digital core)
Iddc
VDDA, VDDAP, VDDC = 1.2V
TBD
10BASE-T
(transceiver + digital I/O)
Iddxio
VDDATX, VDDARX, VDDIO = 3.3V
TBD
TTL Inputs
Input High Voltage
Vih
Input Low Voltage
Vil
Input Current
Iin
Vin = GND ~ VDDIO
-10µA
Output High Voltage
Voh
Ioh = -8 mA
2.4V
Output Low Voltage
Vol
Iol = 8 mA
Output Tri-State Leakage
|Ioz|
2.0V
0.8V
10µA
TTL Outputs
0.4V
10µA
100BASE-TX Transmit (measured differentially after 1:1 transformer)
Peak Differential Output Voltage
Vo
100Ω termination across differential
output.
Output Voltage Imbalance
Vimb
100Ω termination across differential
output
Rise/Fall Time
Tr/Tf
Rise/Fall Time Imbalance
+1.05V
+0.95V
2%
3ns
5ns
0ns
0.5ns
Duty Cycle Distortion
+ 0.25ns
Overshoot
5%
Reference Voltage of ISET
Output Jitters
Note:
Vset
0.5V
Peak-to-peak
0.7ns
1.4ns
1. TA = 25°C. Specification for packaged product only.
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Electrical Characteristics (continued)(1)
Parameter
Symbol
Condition
Vsq
5 MHz square wave
Min
Typ
Max
10BASE-T Receive
Squelch Threshold
400mV
10BASE-T Transmit (measured differentially after 1:1 transformer) VDDATX = 3.3V
Peak Differential Output Voltage
Output Jitter
Note:
Vp
100Ω termination across differential
output
+2.4V
Peak-to-peak
1.8ns
3.5ns
1. TA = 25°C. Specification for packaged product only.
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Timing Specifications
EEPROM Timing
ts1
Receive Timing
tcyc1
th1
SCL
SDA
Figure 14. EEPROM Interface Input Timing Diagram
tcyc1
Transmit Timing
SCL
tov1
SDA
Figure 15. EEPROM Interface Output Timing Diagram
Timing Parameter
Description
Min
Typ
Max
16384
Unit
tcyc1
Clock cycle
ts1
Setup time
20
ns
th1
Hold time
20
ns
tov1
Output valid
4096
4112
ns
4128
ns
Table 23. EEPROM Timing Parameters
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SNI Timing
ts2
Receive Timing
tcyc2
th2
MTXC
MTXEN
MTXD[0]
Figure 16. SNI Input Timing Diagram
tcyc2
Transmit Timing
MRXC
tov2
MRXDV
MCOL
MRXD[0]
Figure 17. SNI Output Timing Diagram
Timing Parameter
Description
Min
Typ
Max
tcyc2
Clock cycle
ts2
Setup time
10
ns
th2
Hold time
0
ns
tov2
Output valid
0
100
3
Unit
ns
6
ns
Table 24. SNI Timing Parameters
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MII Timing
MAC Mode MII Timing
Receiv e
Timi ng
ts3
tcyc3
th 3
MRXCLK
MRXDV
MRXD[3:0]
Figure 18. MAC Mode MII Timing – Data Received from MII
Figure 19. MAC Mode MII Timing – Data Input to MII
Timing Parameter
Description
tcyc3
Clock cycle
100BASE-TX
40
ns
400
ns
(10BASE-T)
Clock cycle
10BASE-T
ts3
Setup time
10
ns
th3
Hold time
10
ns
tov3
Output valid
0
(100BASE-TX)
tcyc3
Min
Typ
Max
25
Unit
ns
Table 25. MAC Mode MII Timing Parameters
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PHY Mode MII Timing
Transmit
Timing
t cyc4
t s4
t h4
MTXCLK
MTXEN
MTXER
MTXD[3:0]
Figure 20. PHY Mode MII Timing – Data Received from MII
Receive
Timing
t cyc4
t ov4
MRXCLK
MRXDV
MRXD[3:0]
Figure 21. PHY Mode MII Timing – Data Input to MII
Timing Parameter
Description
Min
Typ
Max
tcyc4
(100BASE-TX)
Clock cycle
100BASE-TX
40
ns
tcyc4
400
ns
(10BASE-T)
Clock cycle
10BASE-T
ts4
Setup time
10
ns
th4
Hold time
10
ns
tov4
Output valid
0
25
Unit
ns
Table 26. PHY Mode MII Timing Parameters
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RMII Timing
tc y c
T ra n s m it
T im in g
REFCLK
t1
t2
M T X D [1 :0 ]
M TXEN
Figure 22: RMII Timing – Data Received from RMII
Receive
Tim ing
tcyc
R E FC LK
M R X D [1: 0]
MR XDV
tod
Figure 23: RMII Timing – Data Input to RMII
Timing Parameter
Description
Min
Typ
Max
tcyc
Clock cycle
t1
Setup time
4
ns
t2
Hold time
2
ns
tod
Output delay
20
2.8
Unit
ns
10
ns
Table 27: RMII Timing Parameters
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SPI Timing
Input Timing
tSHSL
SPIS_N
tCHSL
tSLCH
tCHSH
tSHCH
SPIC
tCHCL
tDVCH
tCHDX
SPID
tCLCH
LSB
MSB
tDLDH
tDHDL
SPIQ
High Impedance
Figure 24. SPI Input Timing
Timing Parameter
Description
Min
Max
Units
fC
Clock frequency
5
MHz
tCHSL
SPIS_N inactive hold time
90
ns
tSLCH
SPIS_N active setup time
90
ns
tCHSH
SPIS_N active old time
90
ns
tSHCH
SPIS_N inactive setup time
90
ns
tSHSL
SPIS_N deselect time
100
ns
tDVCH
Data input setup time
20
ns
tCHDX
Data input hold time
30
ns
tCLCH
Clock rise time
1
us
tCHCL
Clock fall time
1
us
tDLDH
Data input rise time
1
us
tDHDL
Data input fall time
1
us
Table 28. SPI Input Timing Parameters
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Output Timing
SPIS_N
tCH
SPIC
tCL
tCLQV
tSHQZ
tCLQX
LSB
SPIQ
tQLQH
tQHQL
SPID
Figure 25. SPI Output Timing
Timing Parameter
Description
Min
fC
Clock frequency
tCLQX
SPIQ hold time
tCLQV
Clock low to SPIQ valid
tCH
Clock high time
90
tCL
Clock low time
90
tQLQH
SPIQ rise time
50
ns
tQHQL
SPIQ fall time
50
ns
tSHQZ
SPIQ disable time
100
ns
0
Max
Units
5
MHz
0
ns
60
ns
ns
Table 29. SPI Output Timing Parameters
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Auto-Negotiation Timing
A uto-N egotiation - F ast L in k P ulse T im ing
FLP
B urst
FLP
B urst
T X + /T X -
t FL PW
tB T B
T X + /T X -
C lock
P ulse
D ata
P ulse
tP W
tP W
D ata
P ulse
C lock
P ulse
tC T D
tC T C
Figure 26: Auto-Negotiation Timing
Timing Parameter
Description
tBTB
Min
Typ
Max
Units
FLP burst to FLP burst
8
16
24
ms
tFLPW
FLP burst width
tPW
Clock/Data pulse width
tCTD
Clock pulse to Data pulse
55.5
64
69.5
µs
tCTC
Clock pulse to Clock pulse
111
128
139
µs
Number of Clock/Data pulse
per burst
17
2
ms
100
ns
33
Table 30: Auto-Negotiation Timing Parameters
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Reset Timing
The KS8893M should be powered up with the VDD core voltages (VDDC, VDDA, VDDAP) applied before the
VDDIO and transceiver voltages (VDDIO, VDDATX, VDDARX). In the worst case, VDD core, VDDIO and
transceiver voltages can be applied simultaneously. For the KS8893ML, there is no power sequence requirement.
Additional, reset timing requirements are summarized in the following figure and table.
Supply
Voltage
tsr
RST_N
tcs
tch
Strap-In
Value
trc
Strap-In/
Output Pin
Figure 27. Reset Timing
Parameter
tsr
Description
Stable supply voltages to reset high
Min
10
Max
Units
ms
tcs
Configuration setup time
50
ns
tch
Configuration hold time
50
ns
trc
Reset to strap-in pin output
50
us
Table 31. Reset Timing Parameters
After the de-assertion of reset, it is recommended to wait a minimum of 100 us before starting programming on
the managed interface (I2C slave, SPI slave, SMI, MIIM).
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Reset Circuit
The reset circuit in Figure 28 is recommended for powering up the KS8893M if reset is triggered only by the
power supply.
VCC
D1: 1N4148
D1
KS8893M
R 10K
RST
C 10uF
Figure 28. Recommended Reset Circuit
The reset circuit in Figure 29 is recommended for applications where reset is driven by another device (e.g., CPU,
FPGA, etc),. At power-on-reset, R, C and D1 provide the necessary ramp rise time to reset the KS8893M device.
The RST_OUT_n from CPU/FPGA provides the warm reset after power up.
VCC
KS8893M
R 10K
D1
CPU/FPGA
RST
RST_OUT_n
D2
C 10uF
D1, D2: 1N4148
Figure 29. Recommended Reset Circuit for interfacing with CPU/FPGA Reset Output
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Selection of Isolation Transformers
An 1:1 isolation transformer is required at the line interface. An isolation transformer with integrated commonmode choke is recommended for exceeding FCC requirements.
The following table gives recommended transformer characteristics.
Parameter
Value
Test Condition
Turns ratio
1 CT : 1 CT
Open-circuit inductance (min.)
350µH
100mV, 100kHz, 8mA
Leakage inductance (max.)
0.4µH
1MHz (min.)
Inter-winding capacitance (max.)
12pF
D.C. resistance (max.)
0.9Ω
Insertion loss (max.)
1.0dB
HIPOT (min.)
1500Vrms
0MHz – 65MHz
Table 32. Transformer Selection Criteria
Magnetic Manufacturer
Part Number
Auto MDI-X
Number of Port
Bel Fuse
S558-5999-U7
Yes
1
Bel Fuse (MagJack)
SI-46001
Yes
1
Bel Fuse (MagJack)
SI-50170
Yes
1
Delta
LF8505
Yes
1
LanKom
LF-H41S
Yes
1
Pulse
H1102
Yes
1
Pulse (low cost)
H1260
Yes
1
Transpower
HB726
Yes
1
YCL
LF-H41S
Yes
1
Table 33. Qualified Single Port Magnetics
Selection of Reference Crystal
Chacteristics
Value
Units
Frequency
25.00000
MHz
Frequency tolerance (max)
±50
ppm
Load capacitance (max)
20
pF
Series resistance
25
Ω
Table 34. Typical Reference Crystal Characteristics
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Package Information
17.2 +/- 0.2 mm
14.0 +/- 0.1 mm
12.5 mm
23.2 +/- 0.2 mm
20.0 +/- 0.1 mm
18.5 mm
1
3.4 mm
max.
0.5 mm
Figure 30. 128-Pin PQFP Package
MICREL, INC. 1849 FORTUNE DRIVE SAN JOSE, CA 95131 USA
TEL: +1 (408) 944-0800
FAX: +1 (408) 474 1000
WEB: http:/www.micrel.com
The information furnished by Micrel in this data sheet is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Micrel
for its use. Micrel reserves the right to change circuitry and specifications at any time without notification to the customer.
Micrel Products are not designed or authorized for use as components in life support appliances, devices or systems where malfunction of a
product can reasonably be expected to result in personal injury. Life support devices or systems are devices or systems that (a) are intended
for surgical implant into the body or (b) support or sustain life, and whose failure to perform can be reasonably expected to result in a
significant injury to the user. A Purchaser’s use or sale of Micrel Products for use in life support appliances, devices or systems is a
Purchaser’s own risk and Purchaser agrees to fully indemnify Micrel for any damages resulting from such use or sale.
© 2005 Micrel, Incorporated.
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