LP2981 100-mA ULTRA-LOW DROPOUT REGULATOR WITH SHUTDOWN www.ti.com SLVS521C – JULY 2004 – REVISED AUGUST 2005 FEATURES PORTABLE APPLICATIONS • • • • • • • • • • • • • Output Tolerance of – 0.75% (A Grade) – 1.25% (Standard Grade) Ultra-Low Dropout, Typically – 200 mV at Full Load of 100 mA – 7 mV at 1 mA Wide VIN Range…16 V Max Low IQ…600 µA Typ at Full Load of 100 mA Shutdown Current…0.01 µA Typ Fast Transient Response to Line and Load Overcurrent and Thermal Protection High Peak Current Capability Mobile Phones Laptops Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs) Digital Cameras and Camcorders CD and MP3 Players DBV (SOT-23) PACKAGE (TOP VIEW) VIN GND ON/OFF 1 5 VOUT 4 NC 2 3 NC − No connect; must be left open DESCRIPTION/ORDERING INFORMATION The LP2981 family of fixed-output, low-dropout regulators offers exceptional, cost-effective performance for both portable and nonportable applications. Available in fixed voltages of 2.8 V, 3 V, 3.3 V, and 5 V, the family has an output tolerance of 0.75% for the A-grade devices (1.25% for the standard grade) and is capable of delivering 100-mA continuous load current. Standard regulator features, such as overcurrent and overtemperature protection, are included. The LP2981 has features that make the regulator an ideal candidate for a variety of portable applications: • Low dropout: A PNP pass element allows a typical dropout of 200 mV at 100-mA load current and 7 mV at 1-mA load. • Low quiescent current: The use of a vertical PNP process allows for quiescent currents that are considerably lower than those associated with traditional lateral PNP regulators. • Shutdown: A shutdown feature is available, allowing the regulator to consume only 0.01 µA when the ON/OFF pin is pulled low. • Small packaging: For the most space-constrained needs, the regulator is available in the SOT-23 package. Please be aware that an important notice concerning availability, standard warranty, and use in critical applications of Texas Instruments semiconductor products and disclaimers thereto appears at the end of this data sheet. PRODUCTION DATA information is current as of publication date. Products conform to specifications per the terms of the Texas Instruments standard warranty. Production processing does not necessarily include testing of all parameters. Copyright © 2004–2005, Texas Instruments Incorporated LP2981 100-mA ULTRA-LOW DROPOUT REGULATOR WITH SHUTDOWN www.ti.com SLVS521C – JULY 2004 – REVISED AUGUST 2005 ORDERING INFORMATION TJ PART GRADE VOUT (NOM) PACKAGE (1) 2.8 V 3V A grade: 0.75% tolerance 3.3 V 5V –40°C to 125°C SOT-23-5 – DBV 2.8 V 3V Standard grade: 1.25% tolerance 3.3 V 5V (1) (2) 2 ORDERABLE PART NUMBER Reel of 3000 LP2981A-28DBVR Reel of 250 LP2981A-28DBVT Reel of 3000 LP2981A-30DBVR Reel of 250 LP2981A-30DBVT Reel of 3000 LP2981A-33DBVR Reel of 250 LP2981A-33DBVT Reel of 3000 LP2981A-50DBVR Reel of 250 LP2981A-50DBVT Reel of 3000 LP2981-28DBVR Reel of 250 LP2981-28DBVT Reel of 3000 LP2981-30DBVR Reel of 250 LP2981-30DBVT Reel of 3000 LP2981-33DBVR Reel of 250 LP2981-33DBVT Reel of 3000 LP2981-50DBVR Reel of 250 LP2981-50DBVT TOP-SIDE MARKING (2) LP6_ LP8_ LPC_ PREVIEW LP5_ LP7_ LPB_ PREVIEW Package drawings, standard packing quantities, thermal data, symbolization, and PCB design guidelines are available at www.ti.com/sc/package. The actual top-side marking has one additional character that designates the assembly/test site. LP2981 100-mA ULTRA-LOW DROPOUT REGULATOR WITH SHUTDOWN www.ti.com SLVS521C – JULY 2004 – REVISED AUGUST 2005 FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM VIN ON/OFF 1.23 V VREF − + R1 VOUT Overcurrent/ Overtemperature Protection R2 GND BASIC APPLICATION CIRCUIT LP2981 VIN 1 VOUT 5 3.3 µF (see Note A) 1 µF (see Note A) GND ON/OFF (see Note B) 2 3 4 NC (see Note C) A. Minimum COUT value for stability (can be increased without limit for improved stability and transient response) B. ON/OFF must be actively terminated. Connect to VIN if shutdown feature is not used. C. Pin 4 (NC) must be left open. Do not connect anything to this pin. Figure 1. 3 LP2981 100-mA ULTRA-LOW DROPOUT REGULATOR WITH SHUTDOWN www.ti.com SLVS521C – JULY 2004 – REVISED AUGUST 2005 Absolute Maximum Ratings (1) over virtual junction temperature range (unless otherwise noted) MIN MAX VIN Continuous input voltage range –0.3 16 UNIT V VON/OFF ON/OFF input voltage range –0.3 16 V VO Output voltage range (2) –0.3 9 V VIN – VOUT Input/output voltage differential range (3) –0.3 16 V Internally limited (short-circuit protected) IOUT Output current (4) θJA Package thermal impedance (4) (5) 206 °C/W TJ Operating virtual junction temperature 150 °C Tstg Storage temperature range 150 °C (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) –65 Stresses beyond those listed under "absolute maximum ratings" may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under "recommended operating conditions" is not implied. Exposure to absolute-maximum-rated conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. If load is returned to a negative power supply, the output must be diode clamped to GND. The PNP pass transistor has a parasitic diode connected between the input and output. This diode normally is reverse biased (VIN > VOUT), but will be forward biased if the output voltage exceeds the input voltage by a diode drop (see Application Information for more details). Maximum power dissipation is a function of TJ(max), θJA, and TA. The maximum allowable power dissipation at any allowable ambient temperature is PD = (TJ(max) – TA)/θJA. Operating at the absolute maximum TJ of 150°C can affect reliability. The package thermal impedance is calculated in accordance with JESD 51-7. Recommended Operating Conditions VIN Supply input voltage VON/OFF ON/OFF input voltage VIN – VOUT Input-output differential IOUT Output current TJ Virtual junction temperature (1) 4 Minimum VIN of 2.2 V is needed for proper biasing of LDO control circuitry. MIN MAX 2.2 (1) 16 V 0 VIN V 0.7 11 V 100 mA 125 °C –40 UNIT LP2981 100-mA ULTRA-LOW DROPOUT REGULATOR WITH SHUTDOWN www.ti.com SLVS521C – JULY 2004 – REVISED AUGUST 2005 Electrical Characteristics at specified free-air temperature range, VIN = VOUT(NOM) + 1 V, VON/OFF = 2 V, CIN = 1 µF, IL = 1 mA, COUT = 4.7 µF (unless otherwise noted) PARAMETER ∆VOUT ∆VOUT/∆VIN Output voltage tolerance Output voltage line regulation TEST CONDITIONS IL = 1 mA IL = 1 mA to 100 mA VIN = [VOUT(NOM) + 1 V] to 16 V IL = 0 VIN – VOUT Dropout voltage (1) IL = 1 mA IL = 25 mA IL = 100 mA IL = 0 IL = 1 mA IGND Ground pin current IL = 25 mA IL = 100 mA VON/OFF < 0.3 V (OFF) VON/OFF < 0.15 V (OFF) High = O/P ON VON/OFF ON/OFF input voltage (2) Low = O/P OFF ION/OFF ON/OFF input current VON/OFF = 0 VON/OFF = 5 V TA LP2981-xx MAX MIN –0.75 0.75 –1.25 25°C –1 1 –2 2.5 –3.5 –40°C to 125°C –2.5 25°C 0.007 –40°C to 125°C 0.014 TYP 25°C 1 3.5 0.007 7 10 70 100 –40°C to 125°C 1 3 7 10 70 100 –40°C to 125°C 15 150 25°C 200 –40°C to 125°C 65 –40°C to 125°C 200 25°C 80 65 200 –40°C to 125°C 110 80 600 –40°C to 125°C 110 170 300 200 550 25°C 95 125 170 25°C 250 375 95 125 –40°C to 125°C 300 550 800 600 1500 1500 0.01 0.8 0.01 0.8 –40°C to 105°C 0.05 2 0.05 2 5 25°C –40°C to 125°C 1.6 0.5 25°C 0.01 Output noise voltage (RMS) BW = 300 Hz to 50 kHz, COUT = 10 µF ∆VOUT/∆VIN Ripple rejection IOUT(MAX) Short-circuit current 0.01 5 –40°C to 125°C Vn 0.15 –1 25°C –1 5 15 150 V 0.5 0.15 –40°C to 125°C 25°C 1.4 1.6 –40°C to 125°C VOUT ≥ VOUT(NOM) – 5% 5 1.4 25°C µA 800 25°C –40°C to 125°C mV 150 250 375 25°C %/V 5 15 25°C 0.014 0.032 3 UNIT 2 %VNOM 5 25°C MAX 1.25 0.032 –40°C to 125°C Peak output current (2) TYP 25°C IOUT(PK) (1) LP2981A-xx MIN µA 15 400 400 mA 25°C 160 160 µV f = 1 kHz, COUT = 10 µF 25°C 63 63 dB RL = 0 (steady state) 25°C 150 150 mA Dropout voltage is defined as the input-to-output differential at which the output voltage drops 100 mV below the value measured with a 1-V differential. This dropout specification does not apply to the 1.8-V option, as the minimum VIN = 2.2 V must be observed for proper biasing of LDO control circuitry. The ON/OFF input must be actively terminated. Connect to VIN if this function is not used (see Application Information). 5 LP2981 100-mA ULTRA-LOW DROPOUT REGULATOR WITH SHUTDOWN www.ti.com SLVS521C – JULY 2004 – REVISED AUGUST 2005 APPLICATION INFORMATION Capacitors Input Capacitor (Cin) A minimum value of 1 µF (over the entire operating temperature range) is required at the input of the LP2981. In addition, this input capacitor should be located within 1 cm of the input pin and connected to a clean analog ground. There is no Equivalent Series Resistance (ESR) requirement for this capacitor, and the capacitance can be increased without limit. A good quality ceramic or tantalum capacitor can be used. Output Capacitor (Cout) As a PNP regulator, the LP2981 requires the output capacitor to meet both a minimum capacitance and ESR value. Required ESR values as a function of load current are provided for various output voltages, load currents, and capacitances (see Figures 1–4). • Minimum Cout: 3.3 µF (can be increased without limit to improve transient response stability margin) • ESR range: see Figure 2 through Figure 5 ESR − Ω ESR − Ω It is critical that both the minimum capacitance and ESR requirement be met over the entire operating temperature range. Depending on the type of capacitor used, both of these parameters can vary significantly with temperature (see capacitor characteristics section). Load Current − mA Load Current − mA Load Current − mA Figure 4. 3-V/3.3-µF ESR Curves 6 Figure 3. 5-V/10-µF ESR Curves ESR − Ω ESR − Ω Figure 2. 5-V/3.3-µF ESR Curves Load Current − mA Figure 5. 3-V/10-µF ESR Curves www.ti.com LP2981 100-mA ULTRA-LOW DROPOUT REGULATOR WITH SHUTDOWN SLVS521C – JULY 2004 – REVISED AUGUST 2005 APPLICATION INFORMATION (continued) Capacitor Characteristics Ceramics Due to their very low ESR values, ceramic capacitors are not suitable for use as the output capacitor. For instance, a typical 2.2-µF ceramic capacitor has an ESR in the range of 10 mΩ to 20 mΩ and, thus, easily can fall out of minimum ESR requirements under certain operating conditions. If a ceramic capacitor is used at the output, a 1-Ω resistor should be placed in series with the capacitor to raise the ESR seen by the regulator. Tantalum Solid tantalum capacitors are optimal choices for the LP2981, but they still must meet the minimum ESR requirement. Note that the ESR of a tantalum capacitor increases as temperature drops, as much as doubling from 25°C to –40°C. Thus, ESR margins must be maintained over the temperature range to prevent regulator instability. For operation at very low temperatures, paralleling a tantalum capacitor with a ceramic one keeps the combined ESR from increasing near the upper limit of the ESR curve. Aluminum Aluminum capacitors can be used, but use with the LP2981 is impractical due to their large physical dimensions. They also must meet the ESR requirements over the full temperature range. In this regard, aluminium capacitors are at a big disadvantage due to their sharp ESR increase as temperature drops. For example, over a temperature drop from 20°C to –40°C, the ESR of an aluminum electrolytic capacitor can increase by a factor of 50. In addition, some of the electrolytes used in these capacitors can freeze at –25°C, making the capacitor nonoperational. ON/OFF Operation The LP2981 allows for a shutdown mode via the ON/OFF pin. If the shutdown feature is not used, ON/OFF should be connected to the input to ensure that the regulator is on at all times. To drive ON/OFF: • A LOW (≤0.3 V) turns the regulator OFF; a HIGH (≥1.6 V) turns it ON. • Use either a totem-pole output or an open-collector output with a pullup resistor tied to VIN (or another logic supply). The HIGH signal can exceed VIN, but must not exceed the absolute maximum ratings of 20 V for the ON/OFF pin. • Apply a signal with a slew rate of ≥40 mV/µs. A slow slew rate can cause the shutdown function to operate incorrectly. 7 LP2981 100-mA ULTRA-LOW DROPOUT REGULATOR WITH SHUTDOWN www.ti.com SLVS521C – JULY 2004 – REVISED AUGUST 2005 APPLICATION INFORMATION (continued) Reverse Input-Output Voltage An inherent diode is present across the PNP pass element of the LP2981. VIN VOUT With the anode connected to the output, this diode is reverse biased during normal operation, since the input voltage is higher than the output. However, if the output is pulled one VBE higher than the input, or if the input is abruptly stepped below the output, this diode is forward biased and can cause a parasitic silicon-controlled rectifier (SCR) to latch, resulting in current flowing from the output to the input (values in excess of 100 mA can cause damage). Thus, to prevent possible damage to the regulator in any application where the output may be pulled above the input, an external Schottky diode must be connected between the output and input. With the anode on output, this Schottky limits the reverse voltage across the output and input pins to ∼0.3 V, preventing the regulator's internal diode from forward biasing. Schottky VIN VOUT LP2981 8 PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM www.ti.com 18-Jul-2006 PACKAGING INFORMATION (1) Orderable Device Status (1) Package Type Package Drawing Pins Package Eco Plan (2) Qty LP2981-28DBVR ACTIVE SOT-23 DBV 5 3000 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM LP2981-28DBVRE4 ACTIVE SOT-23 DBV 5 3000 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM LP2981-28DBVT ACTIVE SOT-23 DBV 5 250 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM LP2981-28DBVTE4 ACTIVE SOT-23 DBV 5 250 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM LP2981-30DBVR ACTIVE SOT-23 DBV 5 3000 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM LP2981-30DBVRE4 ACTIVE SOT-23 DBV 5 3000 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM LP2981-30DBVT ACTIVE SOT-23 DBV 5 250 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM LP2981-30DBVTE4 ACTIVE SOT-23 DBV 5 250 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM LP2981-33DBVR ACTIVE SOT-23 DBV 5 3000 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM LP2981-33DBVRE4 ACTIVE SOT-23 DBV 5 3000 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM LP2981-33DBVT ACTIVE SOT-23 DBV 5 250 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM LP2981-33DBVTE4 ACTIVE SOT-23 DBV 5 250 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM LP2981A-28DBVR ACTIVE SOT-23 DBV 5 3000 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM LP2981A-28DBVRE4 ACTIVE SOT-23 DBV 5 3000 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM LP2981A-28DBVT ACTIVE SOT-23 DBV 5 250 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM LP2981A-28DBVTE4 ACTIVE SOT-23 DBV 5 250 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM LP2981A-30DBVR ACTIVE SOT-23 DBV 5 3000 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM LP2981A-30DBVRE4 ACTIVE SOT-23 DBV 5 3000 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM LP2981A-30DBVT ACTIVE SOT-23 DBV 5 250 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM LP2981A-30DBVTE4 ACTIVE SOT-23 DBV 5 250 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM LP2981A-33DBVR ACTIVE SOT-23 DBV 5 3000 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM LP2981A-33DBVRE4 ACTIVE SOT-23 DBV 5 3000 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM LP2981A-33DBVT ACTIVE SOT-23 DBV 5 250 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM LP2981A-33DBVTE4 ACTIVE SOT-23 DBV 5 250 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM The marketing status values are defined as follows: Addendum-Page 1 Lead/Ball Finish MSL Peak Temp (3) PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM www.ti.com 18-Jul-2006 ACTIVE: Product device recommended for new designs. LIFEBUY: TI has announced that the device will be discontinued, and a lifetime-buy period is in effect. NRND: Not recommended for new designs. Device is in production to support existing customers, but TI does not recommend using this part in a new design. PREVIEW: Device has been announced but is not in production. Samples may or may not be available. OBSOLETE: TI has discontinued the production of the device. (2) Eco Plan - The planned eco-friendly classification: Pb-Free (RoHS), Pb-Free (RoHS Exempt), or Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) - please check http://www.ti.com/productcontent for the latest availability information and additional product content details. TBD: The Pb-Free/Green conversion plan has not been defined. Pb-Free (RoHS): TI's terms "Lead-Free" or "Pb-Free" mean semiconductor products that are compatible with the current RoHS requirements for all 6 substances, including the requirement that lead not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous materials. Where designed to be soldered at high temperatures, TI Pb-Free products are suitable for use in specified lead-free processes. Pb-Free (RoHS Exempt): This component has a RoHS exemption for either 1) lead-based flip-chip solder bumps used between the die and package, or 2) lead-based die adhesive used between the die and leadframe. The component is otherwise considered Pb-Free (RoHS compatible) as defined above. Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br): TI defines "Green" to mean Pb-Free (RoHS compatible), and free of Bromine (Br) and Antimony (Sb) based flame retardants (Br or Sb do not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous material) (3) MSL, Peak Temp. -- The Moisture Sensitivity Level rating according to the JEDEC industry standard classifications, and peak solder temperature. Important Information and Disclaimer:The information provided on this page represents TI's knowledge and belief as of the date that it is provided. TI bases its knowledge and belief on information provided by third parties, and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of such information. Efforts are underway to better integrate information from third parties. TI has taken and continues to take reasonable steps to provide representative and accurate information but may not have conducted destructive testing or chemical analysis on incoming materials and chemicals. TI and TI suppliers consider certain information to be proprietary, and thus CAS numbers and other limited information may not be available for release. In no event shall TI's liability arising out of such information exceed the total purchase price of the TI part(s) at issue in this document sold by TI to Customer on an annual basis. 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