ALLEGRO UGS3059

Data Sheet
27612.20A
3059 AND
3060
HALL-EFFECT GEAR-TOOTH SENSORS
—AC COUPLED
X
The UGS3059KA and UGN/UGS3060KA ac-coupled Hall-effect
gear-tooth sensors are monolithic integrated circuits that switch in
response to changing differential magnetic fields created by moving
ferrous targets. These devices are ideal for use in non-zero-speed,
gear-tooth-based speed, position, and timing applications such as in
anti-lock braking systems, transmissions, and crankshafts.
X
2
3
4
OUTPUT
GROUND
FILTER
5
FILTER
1
SUPPLY
VCC
Dwg. PH-011
Pinning is shown viewed from branded side.
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
at TA = +25°C
Both devices, when coupled with a back-biasing magnet, can be
configured to turn ON or OFF with the leading or trailing edge of a
gear-tooth or slot. Changes in fields on the magnet face caused by a
moving ferrous mass are sensed by two integrated Hall transducers
and are differentially amplified by on-chip electronics. This differential
sensing design provides immunity to radial vibration within the devices’
operating air gaps. Steady-state magnet and system offsets are
eliminated using an on-chip differential band-pass filter. This filter also
provides relative immunity to interference from RF and electromagnetic sources. The on-chip temperature compensation and Schmitt
trigger circuitry minimizes shifts in effective working air gaps and
switch points over temperature, allowing operation to low frequencies
over a wide range of air gaps and temperatures.
Each Hall-effect digital Integrated circuit includes a voltage regulator, two quadratic Hall-effect sensing elements, temperature compensating circuitry, a low-level amplifier, band-pass filter, Schmitt
trigger, and an open-collector output driver. The on-board regulator
permits operation with supply voltages of 4.5 to 24 volts. The output
stage can easily switch 20 mA over the full frequency response range
of the sensor and is compatible with bipolar and MOS logic circuits.
The two devices provide a choice of operating temperature
ranges. Both devices are packaged in a 5-pin plastic SIP.
Supply Voltage, VCC ............................. 24 V
Reverse Battery Voltage, VRCC .......... -30 V
Magnetic Flux Density, B ............ Unlimited
Output OFF Voltage, VOUT .................... 24 V
Output Current, IOUT ......................... 25 mA
Package Power Dissipation,
PD ............................................ 500 mW
Operating Temperature Range, TA
Prefix ‘UGN’ ................. -20°C to +85°C
Prefix ‘UGS’ ............... -40°C to +125°C
Storage Temperature Range,
TS ............................... -65°C to +150°C
FEATURES
■ Senses Motion of Ferrous
Targets Such as Gears
■ Wide Operating Temperature Range
■ Operation to 30 kHz
■ Resistant to RFI, EMI
■ Large Effective Air Gap
■ 4.5 V to 24 V Operation
■ Output Compatible With
All Logic Families
■ Reverse Battery Protection
■ Resistant to Physical Stress
Always order by complete part number, e.g., UGS3060KA .
3059 AND 3060
HALL-EFFECT
GEAR-TOOTH SENSORS
—AC COUPLED
1 SUPPLY
FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM
REG
OUTPUT
2
+
X
3
X
GROUND
4
FILTER
5
Dwg. FH-008
FILTER
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS over operating temperature range.
Limits
Characteristic
Symbol
Supply Voltage
VCC
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Units
Operating
4.5
—
24
V
VOUT(SAT)
IOUT = 20 mA, B > BOP
—
130
400
mV
Output Leakage Current
IOFF
VOUT = 24 V, B < BRP
—
—
10
µA
Supply Current
ICC
VCC = 18 V, B < BRP
—
11
20
mA
High-Frequency Cutoff
fcoh
-3 dB
30
—
—
kHz
Output Saturation Voltage
Test Conditions
Output Rise time
tr
VOUT = 12 V, RL = 820 Ω
—
0.04
0.2
µs
Output Fall time
tf
VOUT = 12 V, RL = 820 Ω
—
0.18
0.3
µs
MAGNETIC CHARACTERISTICS over operating temperature and supply voltage ranges
Part Numbers
Characteristic
Operate Point, BOP
Release Point, BRP
Hysteresis, Bhys
Test Conditions
Output switches OFF to ON
Output switches ON to OFF
BOP - BRP
Min.
10
-100
—
UGS3059KA
Typ.
Max.
65
100
-65
-10
130
—
UGN3060KA or UGS3060KA
Min.
Typ.
Max.
5.0
15
35
-35
-15
-5.0
—
30
—
NOTES: 1. Magnetic switch points are specified as the difference in magnetic fields at the two Hall elements.
2. As used here, negative flux densities are defined as less than zero (algebraic convention).
3. Typical values are at TA = 25°C and VCC = 12 V.
4. 1 gauss (G) is exactly equal to 0.1 millitesla (mT).
2
115 Northeast Cutoff, Box 15036
Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 (508) 853-5000
Copyright © 1993, 2002 Allegro MicroSystems, Inc.
Units
G
G
G
3059 AND 3060
HALL-EFFECT
GEAR-TOOTH SENSORS
—AC COUPLED
TYPICAL OPERATING CHARACTERISTICS
SWITCH POINTS
20
100
50
DIFFERENTIAL FLUX DENSITY IN GAUSS
DIFFERENTIAL FLUX DENSITY IN GAUSS
V CC= 8 V
3059
OPERATE POINT
3060
0
3060
RELEASE POINT
3059
-50
-100
-50
OPERATE POINT
10
UGN/UGS3060KA
I OUT = 20 mA
TA= +25°C
0
-10
RELEASE POINT
-20
-25
0
25
50
100
75
125
0
150
5
AMBIENT TEMPERATURE IN °C
10
15
20
25
SUPPLY VOLTAGE IN VOLTS
Dwg. GH-057
Dwg. GH-056
OUTPUT SATURATION VOLTAGE
200
I OUT = 20 mA
I OUT = 20 mA
V CC = 12 V
TA= +25°C
SATURATION VOLTAGE IN mV
SATURATION VOLTAGE IN mV
300
200
100
0
-50
150
100
50
-25
0
25
50
75
100
125
150
AMBIENT TEMPERATURE IN °C
5
10
15
20
25
SUPPLY VOLTAGE IN VOLTS
Dwg. GH-029-1
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0
Dwg. GH-055
3
3059 AND 3060
HALL-EFFECT
GEAR-TOOTH SENSORS
—AC COUPLED
TYPICAL OPERATING CHARACTERISTICS
SUPPLY CURRENT
20
13
TA = +25°C
VCC = 18 V
12
SUPPLY CURRENT IN mA
SUPPLY CURRENT IN mA
15
B ≤ B RP
10
5
B < B RP
11
10
9
0
-50
-25
0
25
50
75
100
125
150
8
0
5
AMBIENT TEMPERATURE IN ° C
10
15
20
25
SUPPLY VOLTAGE IN VOLTS
Dwg. GH-028-1
Dwg. GH-031-1
APPLICATIONS INFORMATION
A gear-tooth sensing system consists of the sensor
IC, a back-biasing magnet, and a target. The system
requirements are usually specified in terms of the effective
working air gap between the package and the target (gear
teeth), the number of switching events per rotation of the
target, temperature and speed ranges, minimum pulse
duration or duty cycle, and switch point accuracy. Careful
choice of the sensor IC, magnet material and shape,
target material and shape, and assembly techniques
enables large working air gaps and high switch-point
accuracy over the system operating temperature range.
Naming Conventions. With a south pole in front of
the branded surface of the sensor or a north pole behind
the sensor, the field at the sensor is defined as positive.
4
As used here, negative flux densities are defined as less
than zero (algebraic convention), e.g., -100 G is less than
+50 G.
Magnet Biasing. In order to sense moving nonmagnetized ferrous targets, these devices must be backbiased by mounting the unbranded side on a small
permanent magnet. Either magnetic pole (north or south)
can be used.
The devices can also be used without a back-biasing
magnet. In this configuration, the sensor can be used to
detect a rotating ring magnet such as those found in
brushless dc motors or in speed sensing applications.
Here, the sensor detects the magnetic field gradient
created by the magnetic poles.
115 Northeast Cutoff, Box 15036
Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 (508) 853-5000
3059 AND 3060
HALL-EFFECT
GEAR-TOOTH SENSORS
—AC COUPLED
APPLICATIONS INFORMATION (cont’d)
Figure 1
TYPICAL TRANSFER
CHARACTERISTIC
24 V
MAX
Sensor Operation. These sensor ICs each contain
two integrated Hall transducers (E1 and E2) that are used
to sense a magnetic field differential across the face of the
IC (see Sensor Location drawing). Referring to Figure 1,
the trigger switches the output ON (output LOW) when
BE1 - BE2 < BOP and switches the output OFF (output
HIGH) when BE1 - BE2 < BRP. The difference between BOP
and BRP is the hysteresis of the device.
OUTPUT VOLTAGE IN VOLTS
B OP
B RP
V OUT(SAT)
0
-B
0
+B
DIFFERENTIAL FLUX DENSITY, B
E1
– B E2
Dwg. GH-034
Figure 2
LEADING
EDGE
TRAILING
EDGE
GEAR
DIRECTION
OF ROTATION
E2
E1
NORTH
SOUTH
4300 G
(a)
B &B
E1
E2
4130 G
150 G
B OP
(b)
B –B
E1
0G
E2
B RP
-150 G
V
OUT
Figure 2 relates the output state of a back-biased
sensor IC, with switching characteristics shown in Figure
1, to the target gear profile and position. Assume a north
pole back-bias configuration (equivalent to a south pole at
the face of the device). The motion of the gear produces
a phase-shifted field at E1 and E2 (Figure 2(a)); internal
conditioning circuitry subtracts the fields at the two
elements (Figure 2(b)); this differential field is band-pass
filtered to remove dc offset components and then fed into
a Schmitt trigger; the Schmitt trigger switches the output
transistor at the thresholds BOP and BRP. As shown
(Figure 2(c)), the IC output is LOW whenever sensor E1
sees a (ferrous) gear tooth and sensor E2 faces air. The
output is HIGH when sensor E1 sees air and sensor E2
sees the ferrous target.
AC-Coupled Operation. Steady-state magnet and
system offsets are eliminated using an on-chip differential
band-pass filter. The lower frequency cut-off of this
patented filter is set using an external capacitor the value
of which can range from 0.01 µF to 10 µF. The highfrequency cut-off of this filter is set at 30 kHz by an
internal integrated capacitor.
The differential structure of this filter enables the IC to
reject single-ended noise on the ground or supply line
and, hence, makes it resistant to radio-frequency and
electromagnetic interference typically seen in hostile
remote sensing environments. This filter configuration
also increases system tolerance to capacitor degradation
at high temperatures, allowing the use of an inexpensive
external ceramic capacitor.
(c)
V
OUT(SAT)
OUTPUT DUTY CYCLE ≈ 50%
Dwg. WH-003-1
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5
3059 AND 3060
HALL-EFFECT
GEAR-TOOTH SENSORS
—AC COUPLED
APPLICATIONS INFORMATION (cont’d)
Low-Frequency Operation. Low-frequency operation of the sensor is set by the value of an external
capacitor. Figure 3 provides the low-frequency cut-off (-3
dB point) of the filter as a function of capacitance value.
This information should be used with care. The graph
assumes a perfect sinusoidal magnetic signal input.
In reality, when used with gear teeth, the teeth create
transitions in the magnetic field that have a much higher
frequency content than the basic rotational speed of the
target. This allows the device to sense speeds much
lower than those indicated by the graph for a given
capacitor value.
Figure 3
1k
LOW-FREQUENCY CUTOFF IN Hz
100
Magnet Selection. The UGS3059KA or UGx3060KA
can be used with a wide variety of commercially available
permanent magnets. The selection of the magnet depends on the operational and environmental requirements
of the sensing system. For systems that require high
accuracy and large working air gaps or
an extended temperature range, the usual magnet material of choice is rare-earth samarium cobalt (SmCo). This
magnet material has a high energy product and can
operate over an extended temperature range. For systems that require low-cost solutions for an extended
temperature range, AlNiCo 8 can be used. Due to its
relatively low energy product, smaller operational air gaps
can be expected. Neodymium iron boron (NeFeB) can be
used over moderate temperature ranges when large
working air gaps are required. Of these three magnet
materials, AlNiCo 8 is the least expensive by volume and
SmCo is the most expensive.
10
System Issues. Optimal performance of a gear-tooth
sensing system strongly depends on four factors: the IC
magnetic parameters, the magnet, the pole piece configuration, and the target.
1.0
0.1
0.01
0.1
1.0
10
CAPACITANCE IN µ F
Dwg. GH-025
Capacitor Characteristics. The major requirement
for the external capacitor is its ability to operate in a
bipolar (non-polarized) mode. Another important requirement is the low leakage current of the capacitor (equivalent parallel resistance should be greater than 500kΩ). To
maintain proper operation with frequency, capacitor
values should be held to within ±30% over the operating
temperature range. Available non polarized capacitors
include ceramic, polyester, and some tantalum types. For
low-cost operation, ceramic capacitors with temperature
6
codes Z5S, Y5S, X5S, or X7S (depending on operating
temperature range) or better are recommended. The
commonly available Z5U temperature code should not be
used in this application.
Sensor Specifications. Shown in Figure 4 are
graphs of the differential field as a function of air gap.
A 48-tooth, 2.5” (63.5 mm) diameter, uniform target similar
to that used in ABS applications is used. The samarium
cobalt magnet is 0.32” diameter by 0.20” long
(8.13 x 5.08 mm). The maximum functioning air gap with
this typical gear/magnet combination can be determined
using the graphs and specifications for the sensor IC.
In this case, if a UGx3060KA sensor with a typical BOP
of 15 G and a BRP of -15 G is used, the maximum allowable air gap would be approximately 0.120”. If the worst
case switch points of ±35 G for the UGx3060KA are used,
the maximum air gap is approximately 0.105”.
All system issues should be translated back to such a
profile to aid the prediction of system performance.
115 Northeast Cutoff, Box 15036
Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 (508) 853-5000
3059 AND 3060
HALL-EFFECT
GEAR-TOOTH SENSORS
—AC COUPLED
APPLICATIONS INFORMATION (cont’d)
2000
200
1500
150
DIFFERENTIAL FLUX DENSITY IN GAUSS
DIFFERENTIAL FLUX DENSITY IN GAUSS
Figure 4
DIFFERENTIAL FLUX DENSITY
1000
500
0
-500
-1000
-1500
-2000
0
0.025
0.050
0.075
0.100
0.125
100
50
0
-50
-100
-150
-200
0.070
AIRGAP FROM PACKAGE FACE IN INCHES
0.080
0.090
0.110
0.100
0.120
AIRGAP FROM PACKAGE FACE IN INCHES
Dwg. GH-035
Ferrous Targets. The best ferrous targets are made
of cold-rolled low-carbon steel. Sintered-metal targets are
also usable, but care must be taken to ensure uniform
material composition and density.
The teeth or slots of the target should be cut with a
slight angle so as to minimize the abruptness of transition
from metal to air as the target passes by the sensor.
Sharp transitions will result in magnetic overshoots that
can result in false triggering.
Dwg. GH-036
Figure 5
SENSOR LOCATIONS
(±0.005” [0.13 mm] die placement)
ACTIVE AREA DEPTH
0.0165"
0.42 mm
NOM
0.087"
2.20 mm
0.083"
2.10 mm
0.075"
1.91 mm
E1
Gear teeth larger than 0.10” (2.54 mm) wide and at
least 0.10” (2.54 mm) deep provide reasonable working
air gaps and adequate change in magnetic field for
reliable switching. Generally, larger teeth and slots allow
a larger air gap. A gear tooth width approximating the
spacing between sensors (0.088” or 2.24 mm) requires
special care in the sytem design and assembly techniques.
E2
A
BRANDED
SURFACE
1
2
3
4
5
Dwg. MH-007E
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A
7
3059 AND 3060
HALL-EFFECT
GEAR-TOOTH SENSORS
—AC COUPLED
APPLICATIONS INFORMATION (cont’d)
Extensive applications information for Hall-effect sensors is available in:
• Hall-Effect IC Applications Guide, Application Note 27701;
• Hall-Effect Devices: Soldering, Gluing, Potting, Encapsulating, and Lead Forming, Application Note 27703.1;
• Soldering of Through-Hole Hall-Sensor Dervices, Application Note 27703; and
• Soldering of Surface-Mount Hall-Sensor Devices, Application Note 27703.2.
All are provided in Allegro Electronic Data Book, AMS-702. or at
www.allegromicro.com
The products described herein are manufactured under one or
more of the following U.S. patents: 5,045,920; 5,264,783; 5,442,283;
5,389,889; 5,581,179; 5,517,112; 5,619,137; 5,621,319; 5,650,719;
5,686,894; 5,694,038; 5,729,130; 5,917,320; and other patents
pending.
Allegro MicroSystems, Inc. reserves the right to make, from time to
time, such departures from the detail specifications as may be
required to permit improvements in the performance, reliability, or
manufacturability of its products. Before placing an order, the user is
cautioned to verify that the information being relied upon is current.
Allegro products are not authorized for use as critical components
in life-support appliances, devices, or systems without express written
approval.
The information included herein is believed to be accurate and
reliable. However, Allegro MicroSystems, Inc. assumes no responsibility for its use; nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of
third parties that may result from its use.
8
115 Northeast Cutoff, Box 15036
Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 (508) 853-5000
3059 AND 3060
HALL-EFFECT
GEAR-TOOTH SENSORS
—AC COUPLED
Dimensions in Inches
Dimensions in Millimeters
(controlling dimensions)
(for reference only)
0.252
0.247
6.40
6.27
0.063
0.059
1.60
1.50
0.181
0.176
4.60
4.47
45°
0.083
1
2
3
4
45°
0.018
5
2.11
MAX
1
2
3
4
0.46
5
MAX
0.0173
0.0138
0.600
0.560
SEE NOTE
0.44
0.35
15.24
14.23
SEE NOTE
0.0189
0.0142
0.050
BSC
Dwg. MH-010H in
0.48
0.36
1.27
BSC
Dwg. MH-010H mm
Surface-Mount Lead Form (Suffix -TL)
2.41
0.095
±0.13
±0.005
0.004
MAX
0.002
0.051
MAX
MAX
0°–8°
0.10
0.020
MIN
FLAT
MAX
Dwg. MH-015 in
0°–8°
0.51
MIN
FLAT
Dwg. MH-015 mm
NOTES: 1. Tolerances on package height and width represent allowable mold offsets. Dimensions given are measured at the widest point (parting
line).
2. Exact body and lead configuration at vendor’s option within limits shown.
3. Height does not include mold gate flash.
4. Recommended minimum PWB hole diameter to clear transition area is 0.035” (0.89 mm).
5. Where no tolerance is specified, dimension is nominal.
6. Supplied in bulk pack (500 pieces per bag).
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9
3059 AND 3060
HALL-EFFECT
GEAR-TOOTH SENSORS
—AC COUPLED
HALL-EFFECT SENSORS
DUAL-OUTPUT HALL-EFFECT DIGITAL SWITCHES
Partial
Part
Number
UGN3235
UGN3275
Operate
Release
Hysteresis
Point (G)
Point (G)
(G)
Over Oper. Voltage & Temp. Range
35 to 200
-200 to -35
15 to 250
15 to 190
-190 to -15
-250 to -15
15 to 110
15 to 110
>100
Oper.
Temp.
Package
S
K
S
K
Comments
independent
switch outputs
complementary latch outputs
DIRECTION-DETECTING HALL-EFFECT DIGITAL SWITCHES
Partial
Part
Number
A3422x
A3425L
Operate
Release
Hysteresis
Point (G)
Point (G)
(G)
Over Oper. Voltage & Temp. Range
<85
<30
>-85
>-30
>10
5 to 35
Oper.
Temp.
Package
Comments
E, L
L
KA
K
direction and speed outputs
requires external logic
GEAR-TOOTH/RING MAGNET (DUAL ELEMENT) HALL-EFFECT SENSORS
See also, Adaptive Threshold Sensors (subassemblies containg sensor and magnet)
Partial
Part
Number
A3056x
A3058x
UGS3059
UGx3060
A3064L
Operate
Release
Hysteresis Change in
Point (G)
Point (G)
(G)
Trip Point (G)
Over Oper. Voltage & Temp. Range
<150
<250
10 to 100
5 to 35
0 to 27.5
>-150
>-250
-100 to -10
-35 to -5
-12.5 to 7.5
15 to 90
150 to 250
Typ130
Typ 30
5 to 35
<±75
<±50
—
—
—
Oper.
Temp.
Package
Comments
E, L
E, L
S, K
S, K
L
U
U
KA
KA
KA
zero-speed
zero-speed
>0.2 Hz
>0.2 Hz
>0.2 Hz
Notes: 1) Typical data is at TA = +25°C and nominal operating voltage.
2) “x” = Operating Temperature Range [suffix letter or (prefix)]: S (UGN) = -20°C to +85°C, E = -40°C to +85°C,
J = -40°C to +115°C, K (UGS) = -40°C to +125°C, L (UGL) = -40°C to +150°C.
10
115 Northeast Cutoff, Box 15036
Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 (508) 853-5000