CHERRY CS3865CGDW16

CS3865C
CS3865C
High Performance Dual Channel
Current Mode Controller with ENABLE
Description
The CS3865C is a high performance, fixed frequency, dual current mode controller. It is used in
Off-Line and DC to DC converter
applications and require a minimum number of external components. This integrated circuit features a unique oscillator for precise
duty cycle limit and frequency control, a temperature compensated
reference, two high gain error
amplifiers, two current sensing
comparators, and two high current
totem pole outputs ideally suited
Features
for driving power MOSFETs. One
of the outputs VOUT2 is switchable
via the ENABLE 2 pin.
Also included are protective features consisting of input and reference undervoltage lockouts each
with hysteresis, cycle-by-cycle current limiting, and a latch for single
pulse metering of each output.
The CS3865C has a 14V start voltage and is pin compatible with the
MC34065H.
Block Diagram
VCC
5.0V Ref
VREF
VCC
Undervoltage
Lockout
VREF
Undervoltage
Lockout
VOUT1
SYNC
Latching
PWM 1
CT
Package Options
Oscillator
RT
-
Error
Amp 1
VOUT2
COMP1
Latching
PWM 2
ENABLE2
VFB2
16L PDIP & SO Wide
Sense1
+
VFB1
■ Oscillator has Precise
Duty Cycle
Limit and Frequency
Control
■ 500kHz Current Mode
Operation
■ Automatic Feed Forward
Compensation
■ Separate Latching PWMs
for Cycle-By-Cycle
Current Limiting
■ Internally Trimmed
Reference with
Undervoltage Lockout
■ Switchable Second
Output
■ Two High Current Totem
Pole Outputs
■ Input Undervoltage
Lockout with Hysteresis
■ Low Start-Up and
Operating Current
+
-
Sense2
Error
Amp 2
COMP2
Gnd
SYNC 1
16
VCC
CT
2
15
VREF
RT
3
14
ENABLE2
VFB1 4
13
VFB2
12
COMP2
Sense1 6
11
Sense2
VOUT1 7
10
VOUT2
Gnd 8
9
Pwr Gnd
COMP1
5
Pwr Gnd
Cherry Semiconductor Corporation
2000 South County Trail, East Greenwich, RI 02818
Tel: (401)885-3600 Fax: (401)885-5786
Email: [email protected]
Web Site: www.cherry-semi.com
Rev. 12/16/96
1
A
®
Company
CS3865C
Absolute Maximum Ratings
Total Power Supply and Zener Current .........................................................................................................................50mA
Output Current, Source or Sink (Note 1)...........................................................................................................................1.0A
Output Energy (capacitive load per cycle) .......................................................................................................................5.0µJ
Current Sense, Enable and Voltage ......................................................................................................................-0.3 to +5.5V
Feedback Inputs
High State (Voltage)..........................................................................................................................................5.5V
Low State (Reverse Current) ......................................................................................................................-5.0mA
Error Amp Output Sink Current......................................................................................................................................10mA
Storage Temperature Range ................................................................................................................................-65 to +150°C
Operating Junction Temperature...................................................................................................................................+150°C
Operating Ambient Temperature.............................................................................................................................0 to +70°C
Lead Temperature Soldering
Wave Solder (through hole styles only) .................................................................................10 sec. max, 260°C peak
Reflow (SMD styles only) ..................................................................................60 sec. max above 183°C, 230°C peak
Electrical Characteristics: VCC = 15V, RT = 8.2kΩ, CT = 3.3nF, for typical values TA=25˚C, for min/max values TA is the operating
ambient temperature range that applies [Note 3].
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNIT
4.9
5.0
5.1
V
■ Reference Section
Reference Output Voltage,
VREF
IOUT=1.0mA, TJ=25°C
Line Regulation
11V≤VCC≤15V
2.0
20.0
mV
Load Regulation
1.0mA≤IOUT≤10mA
3.0
25.0
mV
5.15
V
Total Output Variation over
Line, Load and Temperature
4.85
Output Short Circuit Current
30
100
46.5
49.0
51.5
kHz
0.2
1.0
%
49.5
52.0
%
170
80
250
160
µA
2.50
2.58
V
-0.1
-1.0
µA
mA
■ Oscillator and PWM Sections
Total Frequency Variation
over Line and Temperature
11V≤VCC≤15V, Tlow≤TA≤Thigh
Frequency Change with
Voltage
11V≤VCC≤15V
Duty Cycle at each Output
Maximum
Sync Input Current
High State VIN=2.4V
Low State VIN=0.8V
46.0
■ Error Amplifiers
Voltage Feedback Input
VOUT=2.5V
2.42
Input Bias Current
VFB=5.0V
Open-Loop Voltage Gain
VOUT=2.0 to 4.0V
65
100
dB
Unity Gain Bandwidth
TJ=25°C (note 6)
0.7
1.0
MHz
Power Supply Rejection Ratio VCC=11V to 15V
60
90
dB
-0.45
2.00
-1.00
12.00
mA
mA
5.0
6.2
V
Output Current
Source VOUT=3.0V, VFB=2.3V
Sink VOUT=1.2V, VFB=2.7V
Output Voltage Swing
High State, RL=15k to ground,
VFB=2.3V
Low State, RL=15k to VREF,
VFB = 2.7V
2
0.8
1.1
ambient temperature range that applies [Note 3].
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNIT
■ Current Sense Section
Current Sense Input
Voltage Gain
(Notes 4 and 5)
2.75
3.00
3.25
V/V
Maximum Current Sense
Input Threshold
(Note 4)
430
480
530
mV
-2.0
-10.0
µA
150
300
ns
VREF
1.5
V
V
Input Bias Current
Propagation Delay
Current Sense Input to Output (Note 6)
■ Output 2 Enable Pin
Enable Pin Voltage
High State
Low State
Output 2 enabled
Output 2 disabled
3.5
0.0
Low State Input Current
VIL= 0V
100
250
400
µA
0.4
2.5
13.0
12.0
0.1
1.6
13.5
13.4
V
V
V
V
VCC=6.0V, ISINK=1.0mA
0.1
1.1
V
Output Voltage Rise Time
CL=1.0nF (Note 6)
28
150
ns
Output Voltage Fall Time
CL=1.0nF (Note 6)
25
150
ns
13
14
15
V
9.0
10.0
11.0
V
■ Drive Outputs
Output Voltage
Low State
High State
Output Voltage with
UVLO Activated
ISINK=20mA
ISINK=200mA
ISOURCE=20mA
ISOURCE=200mA
■ Undervoltage Lockout Section
Start-Up Threshold
CS3865C
Minimum Operating Voltage
After Turn-On
Hysteresis
4
V
■ Total Device
Start-Up Current
Operating Current
VCC=12V
(Note 7)
Power Supply Zener Voltage ICC=30mA
15.5
Note 1: Maximum package power dissipation limits must be observed.
1.0
25
mA
mA
17.0
19.0
V
Note 6: These parameters are guaranteed by design but not 100% tested
in production.
Note 3: Adjust VCC above the Start-Up threshold before setting to 15V.
Note 7: Low duty cycle pulse techniques are used during test to maintain junction temperature as close to ambient as possible: Tlow=0°C ;
Thigh=+70°C
Note 4: This parameter is measured at latch trip point with VFB =0V.
Note 5: Comparator gain is defined as:
0.6
20
∆V Compensation
AV =
∆V Current Sense
3
CS3865C
Electrical Characteristics: VCC = 15V, RT = 8.2kΩ, CT = 3.3nF, for typical values TA=25˚C, for min/max values TA is the operating
PACKAGE PIN #
PIN SYMBOL
FUNCTION
16 L PDIP & SO Wide
1
SYNC
A positive going pulse applied to this input will synchronize the
oscillator. A DC voltage within the range of 2.4V to 5.5V will inhibit
the oscillator.
2
CT
Timing capacitor CT connects pin to ground setting oscillator frequency.
3
RT
Resistor RT connects to ground setting the charge current for CT. Its
value must be between 4.0k and 16k.
4
VFB1
The inverting input of error amplifier 1. Normally it is connected to
the switching power supply output.
5
COMP1
The output of error amplifier 1, for loop compensation.
6
Sense1
Output 1 pulse by pulse current limit.
7
VOUT1
Drives the power switch at output 1.
8
Gnd
9
Pwr Gnd
10
VOUT2
Drives the power switch at output 2.
11
Sense2
Output 2 pulse by pulse current limit.
12
COMP2
Output of error amplifier 2, for loop compensation.
13
VFB2
14
ENABLE2
15
VREF
5.0V reference output. It can source current in excess of 30mA.
16
VCC
The positive supply of the IC.
Logic ground
Power ground. Power device return is connected to this pin.
Inverting input of error amplifier 2. Normally it is connected to the
switching power supply output.
Output 2 disable. A logic low at this pin disables VOUT2.
Typical Performance Characteristics
Timing Resistor vs. Oscillator Frequency
Max. Output Duty Cycle vs. Oscillator Frequency
50
MAXIMUM DUTY CYCLE (%)
F
100p
pF
220
pF
F
pF
500
330
2.2n
nF
nF
5.0
F
10n
10
3.3
12
F
1.0n
14
C T=
RT TIMING RESISTOR (KΩ)
16
8.0
VCC=
6.0 15V
TA=25°C
4.0
10k
30k
50k
100k
300k
500k
48
OUT 2
46
OUT 1
44
42
VCC = 15V
RT = 4.0kΩ to 16kΩ
CL = 15pF
TA = 25°C
40
38
10k
1.0M
f OSC OSCILLATOR FREQUENCY (Hz)
40
30
60
PHASE
90
20
120
0
150
-20
10k
100k
1.0k
10k
100k
1.0M
Vth, CURRENT SENSE
INPUT THRESHHOLD (V)
60
100k
300k
500k
1.0M
0.6
Phase Margin (DEGREES)
VCC = 15V
VO = 1.5V TO 2.5V
RL = 100kΩ
TA = 25°C
GAIN
50k
Current Sense Input Threshold
vs. Error Amp Output Voltage
0
100
80
30k
f OSC OSCILLATOR FREQUENCY (Hz)
Error Amp Open-Loop Gain & Phase vs. Frequency
AVOL, OPEN-LOOP VOLTAGE GAIN (dB)
CS3865C
Package Pin Description
180
10M
VCC = 15V
0.5
0.4
TA = 125°C
TA = 25°C
0.3
TA = -55°C
0.2
0.1
0
0
f, FREQUENCY (Hz)
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
ERROR AMP OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)
4
7.0
Reference Voltage Change vs. Source Current
Reference Short Circuit Current vs. Temperature
ISC, REFERENCE
SHORT CIRCUIT CURRENT (mA)
0
∆ VREF, REFERENCE
Voltage (mV)
VCC = 15V
-4.0
-8.0
TA = –55°C
-12
TA =
25°C
-16
TA = 125°C
-20
-24
0
20
40
60
80
100
I ref, REFERENCE SOURCE CURRENT (mA)
120
100
80
60
-55
-25
0
25
50
75
100
125
TA, AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (°C)
Supply Current vs. Supply Voltage CS3865C
Output Saturation Voltage vs. Load Current
32
VCC
SOURCE SATURATION
(LOAD TO GROUND)
-1.0
VCC=15V
80µS PULSED LOAD
120Hz RATE
TA=25°C
ICC, SUPPLY CURRENT (mA)
0
Vsat, OUTPUT
SATURATION VOLTAGE (V)
120
-2.0
TA= –55°C
TA= –55°C
2.0
TA=25°C
1.0
GND
0
0
SINK
SATURATION
(LOAD TO VCC)
200
400
600
OUTPUT LOAD CURRENT (mA)
RT=8.2kΩ
CT=3.3nF
VFB 1.2=0V
24
CURRENT SENSE 1.2=0V
TA=25°C
16
8.0
0
0
800
4.0
8.0
12
16
20
VCC, SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
Operating Description
The CS3865C is a high performance, fixed frequency, dual
channel current mode PWM controller specifically
designed for off-line and DC to DC converter applications.
It offers the designer a cost effective solution with minimal
external components where independent regulation of two
power converters is required. Each channel contains a high
gain error amplifier, current sensing comparator, pulse
width modulator latch, and totem pole output driver. The
oscillator, reference, and undervoltage lockout circuits are
common to both channels.
charging, and the primary is enabled during the discharge.
Even at 500kHz, each output is capable of approximately
44% duty cycle, making this controller suitable for high
frequency power conversion applications.
In many noise sensitive applications, it may be necessary
to synchronize the converter with an external system
clock. This can be accomplished by applying an external
clock signal. For reliable synchronization, the oscillator frequency should be set about 10% slower than the clock frequency. The rising edge of the clock signal applied to
SYNC, terminates CT‘s charging and VOUT2‘s conduction.
By tailoring the clock waveform symmetry, accurate duty
cycle clamping of either output can be achieved.
Oscillator
The oscillator uses precise frequency and duty cycle control. The frequency is programmed by the values RT and
CT. Capacitor, CT, is charged and discharged by an equal
magnitude internal current source and sink, generating a
symmetrical 50 percent duty cycle waveform at CT. The
oscillator peak and valley thresholds are 3.5V and 1.6V
respectively. The source/sink current magnitude is controlled by resistor RT. For proper operation over temperature range, its value should be between 4.0kΩ and 16kΩ.
Error Amplifier
Each channel contains a fully-compensated error amplifier. The output and inverting input nodes are accessible.
The amplifier features a typical dc voltage gain of 100 dB,
and a unity gain bandwidth of 1.0 MHz with 71 degrees of
phase margin. The non-inverting input is internally biased
at 2.5V. The converter output voltage is typically divided
down and monitored by the inverting input through a
resistor divider. The maximum input bias current is -1.0µA
which will cause an output voltage error that is equal to
the product of the input bias current and the equivalent
input divider resistance.
As CT charges and discharges, an internal blanking pulse
is generated that alternately drives the inputs of the upper
and lower NOR gates high. This, in conjunction with a
precise amount of delay time introduced into each channel, produces well defined non-overlapping output duty
cycles. The second output, VOUT2 is enabled while CT is
5
CS3865C
Typical Performance Characteristics: continued
CS3865C
Operating Description continued
The error amp is compensated externally thru the VFB and
COMP pins. Its output voltage is offset by two diode
drops (≈1.4V) and divided by three before it connects to
the inverting input of the current sense comparator. This
guarantees that both outputs are disabled when the error
amplifier output is at its lowest state which occurs when
the power supply is operating at light or no-load conditions, or at the beginning of a soft-start interval.
Undervoltage Lockout
Two undervoltage lockout comparators have been incorporated to guarantee that the IC is fully functional before
the output stages are enabled. Power supply terminal
(VCC) and the reference output (VREF) are monitored by
separate comparator. Each has built-in hysteresis to prevent erratic output behavior as their respective thresholds
are crossed. The upper and lower thresholds of the VCC
comparator are 14V and 10V respectively.
The minimum allowable error amplifier feedback resistance is limited by the amplifier’s source current capability
(0.5 mA) and the output voltage (VOH) required to reach
the current sense comparator 0.5V clamp level with the
error amplifier inverting input at ground. This condition
happens during initial system start up or when the sensed
output is shorted:
3 x 0.5V + 1.4V
= 5800Ω
RF(min) ≈
0.5mA
The VREF comparator disables the drive outputs until the
internal circuitry is functional. This comparator has upper
and lower thresholds of 3.6V and 3.4V. A 17V zener is connected as a shunt regulator from VCC to ground to protect
the IC and power MOSFET gate from excessive voltage.
The guaranteed minimum operating voltage after turn-on
is 11V.
Outputs and Power Ground
Current Sense Comparator and PWM Latch
Each channel contains a single totem-pole output stage
that is specifically designed for direct drive of power
MOSFET’s. The outputs have up to ±1.0A peak current
capability and have a typical rise and fall time of 28 ns
with a 1.0nF load. Internal circuitry has been added to
keep the outputs in active pull-down mode whenever an
undervoltage lockout is active, eliminating the need for an
external pull-down resistor.
The CS3865C operates as a current mode controller.
Output switch conduction is initiated by the oscillator and
terminated when the peak inductor current reaches the
threshold level established by the error amplifier output.
Thus the error signal controls the peak inductor current on
a cycle-by-cycle basis. The current sense comparator-PWM
Latch combination ensures that only a single pulse
appears at the drive output (VOUT) during any given oscillator cycle. The current is converted to a voltage by connecting a sense resistor RSense in series with the source of
output switch Q1 and ground. This voltage is monitored
through the Sense1,2 pins and compared to a voltage
derived from the error amp output. The peak current
under normal operating conditions is controlled by the
voltage at COMP where:
Although the outputs are optimized for MOSFET’s, they
can easily supply the negative base current required by
bipolar NPN transistors for enhanced turn-off. Since the
outputs do not contain internal current limits an external
series resistor will be required to prevent the peak output
current from exceeding the ±1.0A maximum rating. The
sink saturation (VOL) is less than 0.4V at 100mA.
A separate ground pin, Pwr Gnd, is provided. Properly
implemented, will significantly reduce the level of switching transient noise imposed on the control circuitry. This
becomes important when the Ipk(max) clamp level is
reduced.
Ipk = V(COMP) – 1.4V
3RSense
Abnormal operating conditions occur when the power
supply output is overloaded or if output voltage is too
high. Under these conditions, the current sense comparator threshold will be internally clamped to 0.5V. Therefore
the maximum peak switch current is:
0.5V
Ipk(max) =
RSense
Erratic operation due to noise pickup can result if there is
an excessive reduction of the Ipk (max) clamp voltage.
ENABLE2
This input is used to switch VOUT2. VOUT1 is used to control
circuitry that runs continuously, e.g. volatile memory, the
system clock, or a remote controlled receiver. VOUT2 output can control the high power circuitry that is turned off
when not needed.
A narrow spike on the leading edge of the current waveform can usually be observed and may cause the power
supply to exhibit an instability when the output is lightly
loaded. The addition of an RC filter on the current sense
input reduces this spike to an acceptable level.
Voltage Reference
The 5.0V bandgap reference is trimmed to ±2.0% tolerance. The reference has short circuit protection and is
capable of sourcing 30mA for powering any additional
external circuitry.
6
ter capacitor. Ceramic bypass capacitors (0.1µF) connected
directly to VCC and VREF may be required to improve noise
filtering. They provide a low impedance path for filtering
the high frequency noise. All high current loops should be
kept as short as possible using heavy copper runs. The
error amp compensation circuitry and the converter output voltage-divider should be located close to the IC and
as far as possible from the power switch and other noise
generating components.
Design Considerations
High frequency circuit layout techniques are imperative to
prevent pulse-width jitter. This is usually caused by excessive noise pick-up imposed on the current sense and voltage feed-back inputs. Noise immunity can be improved by
lowering circuit impedances at these points. The printed
circuit board layout should contain a ground plane with
low current signal and high current switch and output
grounds returning on separate paths back to the input fil-
Timing Diagram
SYNC
CT
Latch 1
“Set” Input
COMP1
Sense1
Latch 1
“Reset” Input
VOUT1
ENABLE2
0V
Latch 2
“Set” Input
COMP2
Sense2
Latch 2
“Reset” Input
VOUT2
Applications Diagram
Dual Boost Regulator
VIN
VCC
CF1 +
5.0V
CF2
VREF
2.5V
R
Reference
Regulator
Internal
Bias
R
+
-
+
3.4V
-
VREF
UVLO
+
-
VCC +
UVLO -
17V
14V
L1
D1
20kΩ
Sync
VOUT1
RT
CT
RFB1
VFB1
RFB2
COMP1
+
+
Current Sense
2R Comparator 1
+
+
Error 1.0mA
R
+ 0.5V
Amp 1
RFB4
+
Error
Amp 2
L2
VOUT1
D2
RSense1
+
Sense1
Q2
+
VOUT2
VFB2
PWM
Latch 1
S
Q
R
250µA
ENABLE2
RFB3
Q1
Oscillator
Current Sense
Comparator 1
2R
+
1.0mA
R
0.5V
PWM
Latch 2
S
RQ
R
VOUT2
Sense2
COMP2
Gnd
Pwr Gnd
7
VOUT1
COUT1
RSense2
VOUT2
COUT2
CS3865C
Operating Description: continued
CS3865C
Package Specification
PACKAGE DIMENSIONS IN mm (INCHES)
PACKAGE THERMAL DATA
D
Lead Count
Metric
Max
Min
19.69
18.67
10.50
10.10
16L PDIP
16L SO
Thermal Data
English
Max Min
.775
.735
.413 .398
RΘJC
RΘJA
typ
typ
16 Lead
PDIP
42
80
16 Lead
SO
23
105
˚C/W
˚C/W
Surface Mount Wide Body (DW); 300 mil wide
7.60 (.299)
7.40 (.291)
10.65 (.419)
10.00 (.394)
0.51 (.020)
0.33 (.013)
1.27 (.050) BSC
2.49 (.098)
2.24 (.088)
1.27 (.050)
0.40 (.016)
2.65 (.104)
2.35 (.093)
0.32 (.013)
0.23 (.009)
0.30 (.012)
0.10 (.004)
D
REF: JEDEC MS-013
Plastic DIP (N); 300 mil wide
7.11 (.280)
6.10 (.240)
8.26 (.325)
7.62 (.300)
1.77 (.070)
1.14 (.045)
2.54 (.100) BSC
3.68 (.145)
2.92 (.115)
.356 (.014)
.203 (.008)
0.39 (.015)
MIN.
.558 (.022)
.356 (.014)
REF: JEDEC MS-001
D
Some 8 and 16 lead
packages may have
1/2 lead at the end
of the package.
All specs are the same.
Ordering Information
Part Number
CS3865CGN16
CS3865CGDW16
CS3865CGDWR16
Rev. 12/16/96
Description
16L PDIP
16L SO Wide
16L SO Wide (tape & reel)
Cherry Semiconductor Corporation reserves the
right to make changes to the specifications without
notice. Please contact Cherry Semiconductor
Corporation for the latest available information.
8
© 1999 Cherry Semiconductor Corporation