HOLTEK HT36A2

HT36A2
8-Bit Music Synthesizer MCU
Features
· Operating voltage: 2.4V~5.0V
· Sampling rate of 25kHz as 6.4MHz for system
frequency
· Operating frequency: 3.58MHz~12MHz (typ. 8MHz)
· 20 bidirectional I/O lines
· Eight-level subroutine nesting
· Two 8-bit programmable timer with 8 stage prescaler
· HALT function and wake-up feature to reduce power
consumption
· Watchdog Timer
· Bit manipulation instructions
· Built-in 8-bit MCU with 208´8 bits RAM
· 16-bit table read instructions
· Built-in 64K´16-bit ROM for program/data shared
· 63 powerful instructions
· Mono output
· All instructions in 1 or 2 machine cycles
· High D/A converter resolution: 16 bits
· 28-pin SOP, 48-pin SSOP package
· Polyphonic up to 8 notes
· Independent volume mix can be assigned to each
sound component
General Description
The HT36A2 has a built-in 8-bit microprocessor which
programs the synthesizer to generate the melody by
setting the special register from 20H~2AH. A HALT feature is provided to reduce power consumption.
The HT36A2 is an 8-bit high performance RISC-like
microcontroller specifically designed for music applications. It provides an 8-bit MCU and a 8 channel
wavetable synthesizer. The program ROM is composed
of both program control codes and wavetable voice
codes, and can be easily programmed.
Block Diagram
P A 0 ~ P A 7
P B 0 ~ P B 7
P C 0 ~ P C 3
O S C 1
O S C 2
R E S
Rev. 1.00
6 4 K ´ 1 6 - b it
R O M
8 - B it
M C U
V D
V S
V D
V S
2 0 8 ´ 8
R A M
M u ltip lie r /P h a s e
G e n e ra l
1
1 6 - B it
D A C
D
S
D A
S A
A U D
June 19, 2003
HT36A2
Pin Assignment
P A 4
1
4 8
P A 3
P A 5
2
4 7
P A 2
P A 6
3
4 6
P A 1
P A 7
4
4 5
P A 0
N C
5
4 4
N C
P B 0
6
4 3
N C
P B 1
7
4 2
N C
P B 2
8
4 1
N C
P B 3
9
4 0
N C
P B 4
1 0
3 9
N C
P A 4
1
2 8
P A 3
P B 5
1 1
3 8
P C 0
P A 5
2
2 7
P A 2
P B 6
1 2
3 7
P C 1
P A 6
3
2 6
P A 1
P B 7
1 3
3 6
P C 2
P A 7
4
2 5
P A 0
N C
1 4
3 5
P C 3
N C
5
2 4
N C
N C
1 5
3 4
O S C 2
N C
6
2 3
N C
N C
1 6
3 3
O S C 1
N C
7
2 2
O S C 2
N C
1 7
3 2
R E S
N C
8
2 1
N C
N C
1 8
3 1
N C
N C
9
2 0
O S C 1
N C
1 9
3 0
V S S
N C
1 0
1 9
R E S
N C
2 0
2 9
V S S A
N C
1 1
1 8
V S S
N C
2 1
2 8
V D D
N C
1 2
1 7
V S S A
N C
2 2
2 7
V D D A
A U D
1 3
1 6
V D D
N C
2 3
2 6
T E S T
T E S T
1 4
1 5
V D D A
N C
2 4
2 5
A U D
H T 3 6 A 2
4 8 S S O P -A
H T 3 6 A 2
2 8 S O P -A
Pad Assignment
2 6
2 5
2 4
P A 0
P A 5
2 7
P A 1
P A 6
2 8
P A 2
P A 3
P A 4
P A 7
P B 1
P B 2
2 3
2 2
2
4
P B 5
P B 6
6
3
P B 3
P B 4
P B 7
2 9
1
P B 0
5
7
8
(0 , 0 )
P C 0
1 9
P C 1
P C 2
1 8
P C 3
1 7
O S C 2
1 6
O S C 1
1 5
R E S
1 1
1 2
1 3
1 4
V D D A
V D D
V S S A
V S S
A U D
1 0
T E S T
9
2 1
2 0
Chip size: 87.2 ´ 118.3 (mil)
* The IC substrate should be connected to VSS in the PCB layout artwork.
Rev. 1.00
2
June 19, 2003
HT36A2
Pad Coordinates
Unit: mm
Pad No.
X
Y
Pad No.
X
Y
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
-939.550
-939.550
-939.550
-939.550
-939.550
-939.550
-939.550
-939.550
301.450
413.250
526.890
636.250
761.700
924.250
899.200
1222.175
1111.575
1011.575
900.975
800.975
690.375
590.375
479.775
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
899.200
899.200
938.800
938.800
938.800
938.800
-965.126
-287.274
-100.675
9.925
109.925
220.525
1336.775
1336.775
1336.775
1336.775
1336.775
1336.775
1336.775
1336.775
-1303.400
-1303.400
-1303.400
-1303.400
-1296.750
-1296.750
-1078.450
-26.300
-136.900
-236.900
-347.500
-447.500
-558.100
-658.100
-768.700
Pad Description
Pad Name
I/O
Internal
Connection
PB0~PB7
I/O
Pull-High
or None
AUD
O
¾
Audio output for driving a external transistor or for driving HT82V733
TEST
¾
¾
No connection (open)
VDDA
¾
¾
DAC power supply
VDD
¾
¾
Positive power supply
VSSA
¾
¾
Negative power supply of DAC, ground
VSS
¾
¾
Negative power supply, ground
RES
I
¾
Reset input, active low
OSC1
OSC2
I
O
¾
OSC1 and OSC2 are connected to an RC network or a crystal (by mask option)
for the internal system clock. In the case of RC operation, OSC2 is the output
terminal for 1/8 system clock. The system clock may come from the crystal, the
two pins cannot be floating.
PC0~PC3
I/O
Pull-High
or None
Bidirectional 4-bit Input/Output port
PA0~PA7
I/O
Pull-High
or None
Bidirectional 8-bit Input/Output port, wake-up by mask option
Function
Bidirectional 8-bit Input/Output port
Absolute Maximum Ratings
Supply Voltage .............................VSS-0.3V to VSS+6V
Storage Temperature ...........................-50°C to 125°C
Input Voltage .............................VSS-0.3V to VDD+0.3V
Operating Temperature ..........................-25°C to 70°C
Note: These are stress ratings only. Stresses exceeding the range specified under ²Absolute Maximum Ratings² may
cause substantial damage to the device. Functional operation of this device at other conditions beyond those
listed in the specification is not implied and prolonged exposure to extreme conditions may affect device reliability.
Rev. 1.00
3
June 19, 2003
HT36A2
D.C. Characteristics
Symbol
Ta=25°C
Test Conditions
Parameter
VDD
Conditions
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Unit
VDD
Operating Voltage
¾
¾
2.4
3
5
V
IDD
Operating Current
5V
No load, fOSC=8MHz
¾
8
16
mA
ISTB
Standby Current (WDT Disabled)
5V
No load
System HALT
¾
1
¾
mA
IOL
I/O Ports Sink Current
5V
VOL=0.5V
9.7
16.2
¾
mA
IOH
I/O Ports Source Current
5V
VOH=4.5V
-5.2
-8.7
¾
mA
RPH
Pull-High Resistance of I/O Ports
5V
VIL=0V
11
22
44
kW
VIH1
Input High Voltage for I/O Ports
5V
¾
3.5
¾
5
V
VIL1
Input Low Voltage for I/O Ports
5V
¾
0
¾
1.5
V
VIH2
Input High Voltage (RES)
5V
¾
¾
4
¾
V
VIL2
Input Low Voltage (RES)
5V
¾
¾
2.5
¾
V
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Unit
A.C. Characteristics
Symbol
Test Conditions
Parameter
Conditions
VDD
MCU interface
fOSC
System Frequency
5V
8MHz crystal
¾
8
¾
MHz
fSYS
System Clock
5V
¾
4
¾
8
MHz
tWDT
Watchdog Time-Out Period (RC)
¾
Without WDT prescaler
9
17
35
ms
tRES
External Reset Low Pulse Width
¾
¾
1
¾
¾
ms
Characteristics Curves
R vs F Characteristics Curve
H T 3 6 A 2 R
1 4
v s . F C h a rt
1 2
F re q u e n c y (M H z )
1 0
8
6
3 .0 V
4
4 .5 V
2
1 2 0
1 5 0
1 8 0
2 0 0
2 2 0
2 4 0
2 7 0
3 0 0
R (k W )
Rev. 1.00
4
June 19, 2003
HT36A2
V vs F Characteristics Curve
H T 3 6 A 2 V v s . F C h a r t (F o r 3 .0 V )
1 0
9
8
F re q u e n c y (M H z )
1 5 5 k W /8 M H z
7
6
2 0 0 k W /6 M H z
5
4
2 .4
2 .6
2 .8
3
3 .2
3 .4
3 .6
3 .8
V
D D
4
4 .2
4 .4
4 .6
4 .8
5
(V )
H T 3 6 A 2 V v s . F C h a r t (F o r 4 .5 V )
1 0
9
1 4 5 k W /8 M H z
F re q u e n c y (M H z )
8
7
6
1 9 0 k W /6 M H z
5
4
2 .4
2 .6
2 .8
3
3 .2
3 .4
3 .6
3 .8
V
Rev. 1.00
D D
5
4
4 .2
4 .4
4 .6
4 .8
5
(V )
June 19, 2003
HT36A2
Function Description
When executing a jump instruction, conditional skip execution, loading PCL register, subroutine call, initial reset, internal interrupt, external interrupt or return from
subroutine, the PC manipulates the program transfer by
loading the address corresponding to each instruction.
Execution Flow
The system clock for the HT36A2 is derived from either
a crystal or an RC oscillator. The oscillator frequency divided by 2 is the system clock for the MCU and it is internally divided into four non-overlapping clocks. One
instruction cycle consists of four system clock cycles.
The conditional skip is activated by instruction. Once the
condition is met, the next instruction, fetched during the
current instruction execution, is discarded and a dummy
cycle replaces it to retrieve the proper instruction. Otherwise proceed with the next instruction.
Instruction fetching and execution are pipelined in such
a way that a fetch takes one instruction cycle while decoding and execution takes the next instruction cycle.
However, the pipelining scheme causes each instruction to effectively execute in one cycle. If an instruction
changes the program counter, two cycles are required
to complete the instruction.
The lower byte of the program counter (PCL) is a readable and writeable register (06H). Moving data into the
PCL performs a short jump. The destination will be
within 256 locations.
Program Counter - PC
Once a control transfer takes place, an additional
dummy cycle is required.
The 13-bit program counter (PC) controls the sequence
in which the instructions stored in program ROM are executed and its contents specify a maximum of 8192 addresses for each bank.
Program ROM
HT36A2 provides 16 address lines WA[15:0] to read the
Program ROM which is up to 1M bits, and is commonly
used for the wavetable voice codes and the program
memory. It provides two address types, one type is for
program ROM, which is addressed by a bank pointer
PF2~0 and a 13-bit program counter PC 12~0; and the
After accessing a program memory word to fetch an instruction code, the contents of the program counter are
incremented by one. The program counter then points
to the memory word containing the next instruction
code.
S y s te m C lo c k o f M C U
( S y s te m C lo c k /2 )
T 1
T 2
T 3
T 4
T 1
T 2
P C
P C
T 3
T 4
T 1
T 2
P C + 1
F e tc h IN S T (P C )
E x e c u te IN S T (P C -1 )
T 3
T 4
P C + 2
F e tc h IN S T (P C + 1 )
E x e c u te IN S T (P C )
F e tc h IN S T (P C + 2 )
E x e c u te IN S T (P C + 1 )
Execution flow
Mode
Program Counter
*12
*11
*10
*9
*8
*7
*6
*5
*4
*3
*2
*1
*0
Initial Reset
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Timer/Event Counter 0 Overflow
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
Timer/Event Counter 1 Overflow
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
Skip
PC+2
Loading PCL
*12
*11
*10
*9
*8
@7
@6
@5
@4
@3
@2
@1
@0
Jump, Call Branch
#12
#11
#10
#9
#8
#7
#6
#5
#4
#3
#2
#1
#0
Return From Subroutine
S12
S11
S10
S9
S8
S7
S6
S5
S4
S3
S2
S1
S0
Program counter
Note:
*12~*0: Bits of Program Counter
S12~S0: Bits of Stack Register
@7~@0: Bits of PCL
@7~@0: Bits of PCL
#12~#0: Bits of Instruction Code
Rev. 1.00
6
June 19, 2003
HT36A2
0 0 0 0 H
other type is for wavetable code, which is addressed by
the start address ST11~0. On the program type,
WA15~0= PF2~0 ´ 213+ PC12~0. On the wave table
ROM type, WA15~0=ST11~0 ´ 25.
T im e r C o u n te r 0 in te r r u p t s u b r o u tin e
0 0 0 C H
Program Memory - ROM
T im e r C o u n te r 1 in te r r u p t s u b r o u tin e
n 0 0 H
The program memory is used to store the program instructions which are to be executed. It also contains
data, table, and interrupt entries, and is organized into
8192´16 bits, addressed by the bank pointer, program
counter and table pointer.
P ro g ra m
R O M
L o o k - u p ta b le ( 2 5 6 w o r d s )
n F F H
L o o k - u p ta b le ( 2 5 6 w o r d s )
1 F F F H
Certain locations in the program memory of each bank
are reserved for special usage:
1 6 b its
N o te : n ra n g e s fro m
· Location 000H on bank0
0 0 to 1 F .
Program memory for each bank
This area is reserved for the initialization program. After chip reset, the program always begins execution at
location 000H on bank0.
Service Routine) both employ the table read instruction, the contents of the TBLH in the main routine are
likely to be changed by the table read instruction used
in the ISR. Errors can occur. In this case, using the table read instruction in the main routine and the ISR simultaneously should be avoided. However, if the
table read instruction has to be applied in both the
main routine and the ISR, the interrupt should be disabled prior to the table read instruction. It will not be
enabled until the TBLH has been backed up. All table
related instructions need 2 cycles to complete the operation. These areas may function as normal program
memory depending upon user requirements.
· Location 008H
This area is reserved for the Timer Counter 0 interrupt
service program on each bank. If timer interrupt results
from a timer counter 0 overflow, and if the interrupt is
enabled and the stack is not full, the program begins execution at location 008H corresponding to its bank.
· Location 00CH
This area is reserved for the Timer Counter 1 interrupt
service program on each bank. If a timer interrupt results from a Timer Counter 1 overflow, and if the interrupt is enabled and the stack is not full, the program
begins execution at location 00CH corresponding to
its bank.
· Bank pointer
The program memory is organized into 8 banks and
each bank into 8192 ´ 16 bits of program ROM.
PF[2~0] is used as the bank pointer. After an instruction has been executed to write data to the PF register
to select a different bank, note that the new bank will
not be selected immediately. It is not until the following
instruction has completed execution that the bank will
be actually selected. It should be note that the PF register has to be cleared before setting to output mode.
· Table location
Any location in the ROM space can be used as
look-up tables. The instructions TABRDC [m] (the current page, 1 page=256 words) and TABRDL [m] (the
last page) transfer the contents of the lower-order
byte to the specified data memory, and the
higher-order byte to TBLH (08H). Only the destination
of the lower-order byte in the table is well-defined, the
higher-order byte of the table word are transferred to
the TBLH. The Table Higher-order byte register
(TBLH) is read only. The Table Pointer (TBLP) is a
read/write register (07H), which indicates the table location. Before accessing the table, the location must
be placed in TBLP. The TBLH is read only and cannot
be restored. If the main routine and the ISR (Interrupt
Instruction(s)
D e v ic e in itia liz a tio n p r o g r a m
0 0 0 8 H
Wavetable ROM
The ST[11~0] is used to defined the start address of
each sample on the wavetable and read the waveform
data from the location. HT36A2 provides 16 output address lines from WA[15~0], the ST[11~0] is used to loTable Location
*12
*11
*10
*9
*8
*7
*6
*5
*4
*3
*2
*1
*0
TABRDC [m]
P12
P11
P10
P9
P8
@7
@6
@5
@4
@3
@2
@1
@0
TABRDL [m]
1
1
1
1
1
@7
@6
@5
@4
@3
@2
@1
@0
Table location
Note:
*12~*0: Bits of table location
P12~P8: Bits of current Program Counter
@7~@0: Bits of table pointer
Rev. 1.00
7
June 19, 2003
HT36A2
between 20H~2AH. The remaining space before the
30H is reserved for future expanded usage and reading
these locations will return the result 00H. The general
purpose data memory, addressed from 30H to FFH, is
used for data and control information under instruction
command.
cate the major 16 bits i.e. WA[15:5] and the undefined
data from WA[4~0] is always set to 00000b. So the start
address of each sample have to be located at a multiple
of 32. Otherwise, the sample will not be read out correctly because it has a wrong starting code.
Stack Register - Stack
0 0 H
This is a special part of the memory which is used to
save the contents of the program counter (PC) only. The
stack is organized into 8 levels and is neither part of the
data nor part of the program space, and is neither readable nor writeable. The activated level is indexed by the
stack pointer (SP) and is neither readable nor writeable.
At a subroutine call or interrupt acknowledgment, the
contents of the program counter are pushed onto the
stack. At the end of a subroutine or an interrupt routine,
signaled by a return instruction (RET or RETI), the program counter is restored to its previous value from the
stack. After a chip reset, the SP will point to the top of the
stack.
In d ir e c t A d d r e s s in g R e g is te r 0
0 1 H
M P 0
0 2 H
In d ir e c t A d d r e s s in g R e g is te r 1
0 3 H
M P 1
0 4 H
0 5 H
A C C
0 6 H
P C L
0 7 H
T B L P
0 8 H
T B L H
0 9 H
W D T S
0 A H
S T A T U S
0 B H
IN T C
0 C H
0 D H
T M R 0 L
0 E H
T M R 0 C
S p e c ia l P u r p o s e
D A T A M E M O R Y
0 F H
If the stack is full and a non-masked interrupt takes
place, the interrupt request flag will be recorded but the
acknowledgment will be inhibited. When the stack
pointer is decremented (by RET or RETI), the interrupt
will be serviced. This feature prevents stack overflow allowing the programmer to use the structure more easily.
In a similar case, if the stack is full and a CALL is subsequently executed, a stack overflow occurs and the first
entry will be lost (only the most recent eight return address are stored).
T M R 1 L
T M R 1 C
1 0 H
1 1 H
1 2 H
P A
1 3 H
P A C
1 4 H
P B
1 5 H
P B C
1 6 H
P C
P C C
1 7 H
1 8 H
1 9 H
1 A H
Data Memory - RAM
1 B H
The data memory is designed with 256 ´ 8 bits. The data
memory is divided into three functional groups: special
function registers, wavetable function register, and general purpose data memory (208´8). Most of them are
read/write, but some are read only.
P F
1 D H
1 E H
D A C h ig h b y te
1 F H
The special function registers include the Indirect Addressing register 0 (00H), the Memory Pointer register 0
(MP0;01H), the Indirect Addressing register 1 (02H), the
Memory Pointer register 1 (MP1;03H), the Accumulator
(ACC;05H), the Program Counter Lower-byte register
(PCL;06H), the Table Pointer (TBLP;07H), the Table
Higher-order byte register (TBLH;08H), the Watchdog
Timer option Setting register (WDTS;09H), the Status
register (STATUS;0AH), the Interrupt Control register
(INTC;0BH), the Timer Counter 0 Lower-order byte register (TMR0L;0DH), the Timer Counter 0 Control register (TMR0C;0EH), the Timer Counter 1 Lower-order
byte register (TMR1L;10H), the Timer Counter 1 Control
register (TMR1C;11H), the I/O registers (PA;12H,
PB;14H, PC;16H) and the I/O control registers
(PAC;13H, PBC;15H, PCC;17H). The program ROM
bank select (PF;1CH). The DAC High byte (DAH;1DH).
The DAC low byte (DAL;1EH). The DAC control
(DAC;1FH). The wavetable function registers is defined
Rev. 1.00
1 C H
D A C
D A C
lo w
b y te
c o n tro l
2 0 H
C h a n n e l n u m b e r s e le c t
2 1 H
F r e q u e n c y n u m b e r h ig h b y te
2 2 H
F r e q u e n c y n u m b e r lo w b y te
2 3 H
S ta r t a d d r e s s h ig h b y te
2 4 H
S ta r t a d d r e s s lo w
b y te
2 5 H
R e p e a t n u m b e r h ig h b y te
2 6 H
R e p e a t n u m b e r lo w
2 7 H
W a v e ta b le F u n c tio n
R e g is te r
b y te
V o lu m e c o n tr o l h ig h
2 8 H
2 9 H
2 A H
2 B H
V o lu m
c o n tr o l lo w
2 F H
3 0 H
: U n u s e d .
R e a d a s "0 0 "
G e n e ra l P u rp o s e
D A T A M E M O R Y
(2 0 8 B y te s )
F F H
RAM mapping
8
June 19, 2003
HT36A2
Status Register - STATUS
All data memory areas can handle arithmetic, logic, increment, decrement and rotate operations directly. Except for some dedicated bits, each bit in the data
memory can be set and reset by the SET [m].i and CLR
[m].i instructions, respectively. They are also indirectly
accessible through Memory pointer registers
(MP0:01H, MP1:03H).
This 8-bit register (0AH) contains the zero flag (Z), carry
flag (C), auxiliary carry flag (AC), overflow flag (OV),
power down flag (PD) and Watchdog time-out flag (TO).
It also records the status information and controls the operation sequence.
With the exception of the TO and PD flags, bits in the
status register can be altered by instructions like any
other register. Any data written into the status register
will not change the TO or PD flags. In addition it should
be noted that operations related to the status register
may give different results from those intended. The TO
and PD flags can only be changed by system power up,
Watchdog Timer overflow, executing the HALT instruction and clearing the Watchdog Timer.
Indirect Addressing Register
Location 00H and 02H are indirect addressing registers
that are not physically implemented. Any read/write operation of [00H] and [02H] access data memory pointed
to by MP0 (01H) and MP1 (03H) respectively. Reading
location 00H or 02H directly will return the result 00H.
And writing directly results in no operation.
The function of data movement between two indirect addressing registers, is not supported. The memory
pointer registers, MP0 and MP1, are 8-bit register which
can be used to access the data memory by combining
corresponding indirect addressing registers.
The Z, OV, AC and C flags generally reflect the status of
the latest operations.
In addition, on entering the interrupt sequence or executing a subroutine call, the status register will not be
automatically pushed onto the stack. If the contents of
status are important and the subroutine can corrupt the
status register, the programmer must take precautions
to save it properly.
Accumulator
The accumulator closely relates to ALU operations. It is
mapped to location 05H of the data memory and it can
operate with immediate data. The data movement between two data memory locations must pass through
the accumulator.
Interrupt
The HT36A2 provides two internal timer counter interrupts on each bank. The Interrupt Control register
(INTC;0BH) contains the interrupt control bits that sets
the enable/disable and the interrupt request flags.
Arithmetic and Logic Unit - ALU
This circuit performs 8-bit arithmetic and logic operation.
The ALU provides the following functions:
Once an interrupt subroutine is serviced, all other interrupts will be blocked (by clearing the EMI bit). This
scheme may prevent any further interrupt nesting. Other
interrupt requests may occur during this interval but only
the interrupt request flag is recorded. If a certain interrupt needs servicing within the service routine, the programmer may set the EMI bit and the corresponding bit
of the INTC to allow interrupt nesting. If the stack is full,
· Arithmetic operations (ADD, ADC, SUB, SBC, DAA)
· Logic operations (AND, OR, XOR, CPL)
· Rotation (RL, RR, RLC, RRC)
· Increment & Decrement (INC, DEC)
· Branch decision (SZ, SNZ, SIZ, SDZ ....)
The ALU not only saves the results of a data operation but
can also change the status register.
Labels
Bits
Function
C
0
C is set if an operation results in a carry during an addition operation or if a borrow does not take
place during a subtraction operation; otherwise C is cleared. Also it is affected by a rotate
through carry instruction.
AC
1
AC is set if an operation results in a carry out of the low nibbles in addition or no borrow from the
high nibble into the low nibble in subtraction; otherwise AC is cleared.
Z
2
Z is set if the result of an arithmetic or logical operation is zero; otherwise Z is cleared.
OV
3
OV is set if an operation results in a carry into the highest-order bit but not a carry out of the highest-order bit, or vice versa; otherwise OV is cleared.
PD
4
PD is cleared by either a system power-up or executing the CLR WDT instruction. PD is set by
executing the HALT instruction.
TO
5
TO is cleared by a system power-up or executing the CLR WDT or HALT instruction. TO is set by
a WDT time-out.
¾
6~7
Unused bit, read as ²0²
Status register
Rev. 1.00
9
June 19, 2003
HT36A2
rupts are enabled. In the case of simultaneous requests
the priorities in the following table apply. These can be
masked by resetting the EMI bit.
the interrupt request will not be acknowledged, even if
the related interrupt is enabled, until the SP is decremented. If immediate service is desired, the stack must
be prevented from becoming full.
Interrupt Source
All these kinds of interrupt have a wake-up capability. As
an interrupt is serviced, a control transfer occurs by
pushing the program counter onto the stack and then
branching to subroutines at specified locations in the
program memory. Only the program counter is pushed
onto the stack. If the contents of the register and Status
register (STATUS) are altered by the interrupt service
program which may corrupt the desired control sequence, then the programmer must save the contents
first.
Timer Counter 0 overflow
1
08H
Timer Counter 1 overflow
2
0CH
It is recommended that a program does not use the
²CALL subroutine² within the interrupt subroutine. Because interrupts often occur in an unpredictable manner
or need to be serviced immediately in some applications, if only one stack is left and enabling the interrupt is
not well controlled, once the ²CALL subroutine² operates
in the interrupt subroutine, it may damage the original
control sequence.
The Timer Counter 1 interrupt is operated in the same
manner as Timer Counter 0. The related interrupt control bits ET1I and T1F of the Timer Counter 1 are bit 3
and bit 6 of the INTC respectively.
Oscillator Configuration
During the execution of an interrupt subroutine, other interrupt acknowledgments are held until the RETI instruction is executed or the EMI bit and the related
interrupt control bit are set to 1 (if the stack is not full). To
return from the interrupt subroutine, the RET or RETI instruction may be invoked. RETI will set the EMI bit to enable an interrupt service, but RET will not.
The HT36A2 provides two types of oscillator circuit for
the system clock, i.e., RC oscillator and crystal oscillator. No matter what type of oscillator, the signal divided
by 2 is used for the system clock. The HALT mode stops
the system oscillator and ignores external signal to conserve power. If the RC oscillator is used, an external resistor between OSC1 and VSS is required, and the
range of the resistance should be from 30kW to 680kW.
The system clock, divided by 4, is available on OSC2
Interrupts occurring in the interval between the rising
edges of two consecutive T2 pulses, will be serviced on
the latter of the two T2 pulses, if the corresponding inter-
INTC
(0BH)
Vector
The Timer Counter 0/1 interrupt request flag (T0F/T1F),
Enable Timer Counter 0/1 bit (ET0I/ET1I) and Enable
Master Interrupt bit (EMI) constitute an interrupt control
register (INTC) which is located at 0BH in the data memory. EMI, ET0I, ET1I are used to control the enabling/disabling of interrupts. These bits prevent the
requested interrupt from being serviced. Once the interrupt request flags (T0F, T1F) are set, they will remain in
the INTC register until the interrupts are serviced or
cleared by a software instruction.
The internal Timer Counter 0 interrupt is initialized by
setting the Timer Counter 0 interrupt request flag (T0F;
bit 5 of INTC), caused by a Timer Counter 0 overflow.
When the interrupt is enabled, and the stack is not full
and the T0F bit is set, a subroutine call to location 08H
will occur. The related interrupt request flag (T0F) will be
reset and the EMI bit cleared to disable further interrupts.
Register
Priority
Bit No.
Label
Function
0
EMI
1
¾
2
ET0I
Controls the Timer Counter 0 interrupt
(1=enabled; 0=disabled)
3
ET1I
Controls the Timer Counter 1 interrupt
(1=enabled; 0=disabled)
4
¾
5
T0F
Internal Timer Counter 0 request flag
(1=active; 0=inactive)
6
T1F
Internal Timer Counter 1 request flag
(1=active; 0=inactive)
7
¾
Controls the Master (Global) interrupt
(1=enabled; 0=disabled)
Unused bit, read as ²0²
Unused bit, read as ²0²
Unused bit, read as ²0²
INTC register
Rev. 1.00
10
June 19, 2003
HT36A2
O S C 1
V
fS
O S C 2
Y S
/8
C r y s ta l O s c illa to r
D D
O S C 1
ized. Writing data to WS2, WS1, WS0 (bit 2,1,0 of the
WDTS) can give different time-out periods. If WS2,
WS1, WS0 all equal to 1, the division ratio is up to 1:128,
and the maximum time-out period is 2.6 seconds.
O S C 2
R C O s c illa to r
If the WDT oscillator is disabled, the WDT clock may still
come from the instruction clock and operate in the same
manner except that in the HALT state the WDT may stop
counting and lose its protecting purpose. In this situation
the logic can only be restarted by external logic. The
high nibble and bit 3 of the WDTS are reserved for user
defined flags, and the programmer may use these flags
to indicate some specified status.
System oscillator
with pull-high resistor, which can be used to synchronize
external logic. The RC oscillator provides the most cost
effective solution. However, the frequency of the oscillation may vary with VDD, temperature, and the chip itself
due to process variations. It is therefore, not suitable for
timing sensitive operations where accurate oscillator
frequency is desired.
WS2
WS1
WS0
Division Ratio
0
0
0
1:1
On the other hand, if the crystal oscillator is selected, a
crystal across OSC1 and OSC2 is needed to provide the
feedback and phase shift required for the oscillator, and
no other external components are required. A resonator
may be connected between OSC1 and OSC2 to replace
the crystal and to get a frequency reference, but two external capacitors in OSC1 and OSC2 are required.
0
0
1
1:2
0
1
0
1:4
The WDT oscillator is a free running on-chip RC oscillator, and no external components are required. Even if
the system enters the power down mode, the system
clock is stopped, but the WDT oscillator still works with a
period of approximately 78ms. The WDT oscillator can
be disabled by mask option to conserve power.
1
1
1:8
1
0
0
1:16
1
0
1
1:32
1
1
0
1:64
1
1
1
1:128
If the device operates in a noisy environment, using the
on-chip RC oscillator (WDT OSC) is strongly recommended, since the HALT will stop the system clock.
The WDT overflow under normal operation will initialize
a ²chip reset² and set the status bit TO. Whereas in the
HALT mode, the overflow will initialize a ²warm reset²
only the PC and SP are reset to zero. To clear the WDT
contents (including the WDT prescaler ), 3 methods are
implemented; external reset (a low level to RES), software instructions, or a HALT instruction. The software
instructions include CLR WDT and the other set - CLR
WDT1 and CLR WDT2. Of these two types of instructions, only one can be active depending on the mask option - ²CLR WDT times selection option². If the ²CLR
WDT² is selected (i.e. CLRWDT times equal one), any
execution of the CLR WDT instruction will clear the
WDT. In case ²CLR WDT1² and ²CLR WDT2² are chosen (i.e. CLRWDT times equal two), these two instructions must be executed to clear the WDT; otherwise, the
WDT may reset the chip because of time-out.
Watchdog Timer - WDT
The WDT clock source is implemented by a dedicated
RC oscillator (WDT oscillator) or instruction clock (system clock of the MCU divided by 4), determined by mask
options. This timer is designed to prevent a software
malfunction or sequence jumping to an unknown location with unpredictable results. The Watchdog Timer can
be disabled by mask option. If the Watchdog Timer is
disabled, all the executions related to the WDT result in
no operation.
Once the internal WDT oscillator (RC oscillator with a
period of 78ms normally) is selected, it is first divided by
256 (8-stages) to get the nominal time-out period of approximately 20ms. This time-out period may vary with
temperature, VDD and process variations. By invoking
the WDT prescaler, longer time-out periods can be realS y s te m
0
C lo c k /8
W D T
O S C
M a s k
O p tio n
S e le c t
W D T P r e s c a le r
8 - b it C o u n te r
7 - b it C o u n te r
8 -to -1 M U X
W S 0 ~ W S 2
W D T T im e - o u t
Watchdog timer
Rev. 1.00
11
June 19, 2003
HT36A2
Power Down Operation - HALT
Reset
The HALT mode is initialized by a HALT instruction and
results in the following...
There are 3 ways in which a reset can occur:
· The system oscillator will turn off but the WDT oscilla-
· RES reset during HALT
· RES reset during normal operation
tor keeps running (If the WDT oscillator is selected).
Watchdog Timer - WDT
· WDT time-out reset during normal operation
The WDT time-out during HALT is different from other
chip reset conditions, since it can perform a ²warm re set² that just resets the PC and SP, leaving the other circuits to maintain their state. Some registers remain unchanged during any other reset conditions. Most
registers are reset to the ²initial condition² when the reset conditions are met. By examining the PD and TO
flags, the program can distinguish between different
²chip resets².
· The contents of the on-chip RAM and registers remain
unchanged
· The WDT and WDT prescaler will be cleared and
starts to count again (if the clock comes from the WDT
oscillator).
· All I/O ports maintain their original status.
· The PD flag is set and the TO flag is cleared.
· The HALT pin will output a high level signal to disable
the external ROM.
The system can leave the HALT mode by means of an
external reset, an interrupt, an external falling edge signal on port A or a WDT overflow. An external reset
causes a device initialization and the WDT overflow performs a ²warm reset². By examining the TO and PD flags,
the cause for a chip reset can be determined. The PD flag
is cleared when there is a system power-up or by executing the CLR WDT instruction and it is set when a HALT instruction is executed. The TO flag is set if the WDT
time-out occurs, and causes a wake-up that only resets
the PC and SP, the others remain in their original status.
TO
PD
RESET Conditions
0
0
RES reset during power-up
u
u
RES reset during normal operation
0
1
RES wake-up HALT
1
u
WDT time-out during normal operation
1
1
WDT wake-up HALT
Note: ²u² stands for ²unchanged²
V D D
R E S
The port A wake-up and interrupt methods can be considered as a continuation of normal execution. Each bit
in port A can be independently selected to wake-up the
device by mask option. Awakening from an I/O port stimulus, the program will resume execution of the next instruction. If awakening from an interrupt, two sequences
may occur. If the related interrupts is disabled or the interrupts is enabled but the stack is full, the program will
resume execution at the next instruction. If the interrupt
is enabled and the stack is not full, a regular interrupt response takes place.
tS
S T
S S T T im e - o u t
C h ip R e s e t
Reset timing chart
V
D D
R E S
Once a wake-up event occurs, it takes 1024 tSYS (system clock period) to resume to normal operation. In
other words, a dummy cycle period will be inserted after
the wake-up. If the wake-up results from an interrupt acknowledge, the actual interrupt subroutine will be delayed by one more cycle. If the wake-up results in next
instruction execution, this will execute immediately after
a dummy period has finished. If an interrupt request flag
is set to ²1² before entering the HALT mode, the
wake-up function of the related interrupt will be disabled.
Reset circuit
H A L T
W D T
W D T
W a rm
R e s e t
T im e - o u t
R e s e t
R E S
To minimize power consumption, all I/O pins should be
carefully managed before entering the HALT status.
O S C I
S S T
1 0 -s ta g e
R ip p le C o u n te r
C o ld
R e s e t
P o w e r - o n D e te c tin g
Reset configuration
Rev. 1.00
12
June 19, 2003
HT36A2
To guarantee that the system oscillator has started and
stabilized, the SST (System Start-up Timer) provides an
extra-delay of 1024 system clock pulses during system
power up or when the system awakes from a HALT
state.
The functional units chip reset status are shown below.
When a system power-up occurs, the SST delay is
added during the reset period. But when the reset comes from the RES pin, the SST delay is disabled. Any
wake-up from HALT will enable the SST delay.
Program counter
000H
Interrupt
Disable
Prescaler
Clear
WDT
Clear. After master reset,
WDT begins counting
Timer Counter (0/1)
Off
Input/output ports
Input mode
SP
Points to the top of stack
The registers status is summarized in the following table:
Register
Reset
(Power On)
WDT Time-out
(Normal Operation)
RES Reset
(Normal Operation)
RES Reset
(HALT)
WDT Time-out
(HALT)*
Program Counter
0000H
0000H
0000H
0000H
0000H
MP0
xxxx xxxx
uuuu uuuu
uuuu uuuu
uuuu uuuu
uuuu uuuu
MP1
xxxx xxxx
uuuu uuuu
uuuu uuuu
uuuu uuuu
uuuu uuuu
ACC
xxxx xxxx
uuuu uuuu
uuuu uuuu
uuuu uuuu
uuuu uuuu
TBLP
xxxx xxxx
uuuu uuuu
uuuu uuuu
uuuu uuuu
uuuu uuuu
TBLH
xxxx xxxx
uuuu uuuu
uuuu uuuu
uuuu uuuu
uuuu uuuu
WDTS
uuuu uuuu
0000 0111
0000 0111
0000 0111
0000 0111
STATUS
--00 xxxx
--1u uuuu
--uu uuuu
--01 uuuu
--11 uuuu
INTC
-000 0000
-000 0000
-000 0000
-000 0000
-uuu uuuu
TMR0L
xxxx xxxx
uuuu uuuu
uuuu uuuu
uuuu uuuu
uuuu uuuu
TMR0C
00-0 1000
00-0 1000
00-0 1000
00-0 1000
uu-u 1uuu
TMR1L
xxxx xxxx
uuuu uuuu
uuuu uuuu
uuuu uuuu
uuuu uuuu
TMR1C
00-0 1000
00-0 1000
00-0 1000
00-0 1000
uu-u 1uuu
PA
1111 1111
1111 1111
1111 1111
1111 1111
uuuu uuuu
PAC
1111 1111
1111 1111
1111 1111
1111 1111
uuuu uuuu
PB
1111 1111
1111 1111
1111 1111
1111 1111
uuuu uuuu
PBC
1111 1111
1111 1111
1111 1111
1111 1111
uuuu uuuu
PC
---- 1111
---- 1111
---- 1111
---- 1111
---- uuuu
PCC
---- 1111
---- 1111
---- 1111
---- 1111
---- uuuu
PF
---- -000
---- -000
---- -000
---- -000
---- -uuu
CHAN
00-- -000
uu-- -uuu
uu-- -uuu
uu-- -uuu
uu-- -uuu
FreqNH
xxxx xxxx
uuuu uuuu
uuuu uuuu
uuuu uuuu
uuuu uuuu
FreqNL
xxxx xxxx
uuuu uuuu
uuuu uuuu
uuuu uuuu
uuuu uuuu
AddrH
---- xxxx
---- uuuu
---- uuuu
---- uuuu
---- uuuu
AddrL
xxxx xxxx
uuuu uuuu
uuuu uuuu
uuuu uuuu
uuuu uuuu
ReH
---- --xx
---- --uu
---- --uu
---- --uu
---- --uu
ReL
xxxx xxxx
uuuu uuuu
uuuu uuuu
uuuu uuuu
uuuu uuuu
VolH
---- xxxx
---- uuuu
---- uuuu
---- uuuu
---- uuuu
VolL
xxxx xxxx
uuuu uuuu
uuuu uuuu
uuuu uuuu
uuuu uuuu
DAC
---- --00
---- --00
---- --00
---- --00
---- --uu
Note:
²*² stands for warm reset
²u² stands for unchanged
²x² stands for unknown
²-² stands for unused
Rev. 1.00
13
June 19, 2003
HT36A2
Timer 0/1
Input/Output Ports
Timer 0 is an 8-bit counter, and its clock source comes
from the system clock divided by an 8-stage prescaler.
There are two registers related to Timer 0; TMR0L(0DH)
and TMR0C(0EH). One physical registers are mapped
to TMR0L location; writing TMR0L makes the starting
value be placed in the Timer 0 preload register and
reading the TMR0 gets the contents of the Timer 0 counter. The TMR0C is a control register, which defines the
division ration of the prescaler and counting enable or
disable.
There are 20 bidirectional input/output lines labeled
from PA to PC0~3, which are mapped to the data memory of [12H], [14H], [16H] respectively. All these I/O ports
can be used for input and output operations. For input
operation, these ports are non-latching, that is, the inputs must be ready at the T2 rising edge of instruction
MOV A,[m] (m=12H, 14H or 16H). For output operation,
all data is latched and remains unchanged until the output latch is rewritten.
Each I/O line has its own control register (PAC, PBC,
PCC0~3) to control the input/output configuration. With
this control register, CMOS output or Schmitt trigger input with or without pull-high resistor (mask option) structures can be reconfigured dynamically under software
control. To function as an input, the corresponding latch
of the control register must write a ²1². The pull-high resistance will exhibit automatically if the pull-high option
is selected. The input source also depends on the control register. If the control register bit is ²1², input will
read the pad state. If the control register bit is ²0², the
contents of the latches will move to the internal bus. The
latter is possible in ²read-modify-write² instruction. For
output function, CMOS is the only configuration. These
control registers are mapped to locations 13H, 15H and
17H.
Writing data to B2, B1 and B0 (bits 2, 1, 0 of TMR0C)
can yield various clock sources.
One the Timer 0 starts counting, it will count from the
current contents in the counter to FFH. Once an overflow occurs, the counter is reloaded from a preload register, and generates an interrupt request flag (T0F; bit 2
of INTCH). To enable the counting operation, the timer
On bit (TON; bit 4 of TMR0C) should be set to ²1². For
proper operation, bit 7 of TMR0C should be set to ²1²
and bit 3, bit 6 should be set to ²0².
There are two registers related to the Timer Counter1;
TMR1L(10H), TMR1C(11H). The Timer Counter 1 operates in the same manner as Timer Counter 0.
TMR0C/TMR1C
T0F
B2
B1
B0
0
0
0
SYS CLK/16
0
0
1
SYS CLK/32
0
1
0
SYS CLK/64
0
1
1
SYS CLK/128
1
0
0
SYS CLK/256
1
0
1
SYS CLK/512
1
1
0
SYS CLK/1024
1
1
1
SYS CLK/2048
After a chip reset, these input/output lines remain at high
levels or floating (mask option). Each bit of these input/output latches can be set or cleared by the SET [m].i
or CLR [m].i (m=12H, 14H or 16H) instruction.
Some instructions first input data and then follow the
output operations. For example, the SET [m].i, CLR
[m].i, CPL [m] and CPLA [m] instructions read the entire
port states into the CPU, execute the defined operations
(bit-operation), and then write the results back to the
latches or the accumulator.
Each line of port A has the capability to wake-up the device.
TMR0C Bit 4 to enable/disable timer counting
(1=enable; 0=disable)
TMR0C Bit 3, always write ²0².
TMR0C Bit 5, always write ²0².
TMR0C Bit 6, always write ²0².
TMR0C Bit 7, always write ²1².
D a ta B u s
S y s te m
C lo c k
8 -s ta g e
P r e s c a le r
T im e r 0 /1
P r e lo a d R e g is te r
R e lo a d
T 0 F
T O N
T im e r 0 /1
O v e r flo w
Timer 0/1
Rev. 1.00
14
June 19, 2003
HT36A2
D a ta B u s
W r ite C o n tr o l R e g is te r
V
Q
D
C K
Q
S
V
W e a k
P u ll- u p
D D
C h ip R e s e t
M a s k O p tio n
R e a d C o n tr o l R e g is te r
P A 0 ~ P A 7
P B 0 ~ P B 7
P C 0 ~ P C 3
Q
D
W r ite I/O
C K
S
Q
M
R e a d I/O
S y s te m
D D
U
X
W a k e - U p ( P A o n ly )
M a s k O p tio n
Input/output ports
8 Channel Wavetable Synthesizer
Memory Map Register Table (1DH~FFH)
Name
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
DAC high byte (no default value)
DA15
DA14
DA13
DA12
DA11
DA10
DA9
DA8
1EH
DAC low byte (no default value)
DA7
DA6
DA5
DA4
DA3
DA2
DA1
DA0
1FH
DAON=1: DAC ON
DAON=0: DAC OFF (default)
SELW=1: DAC data from wavetable
SELW=0: DAC data from MCU
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
20H
Channel number selection
VM
FR
21H
High byte frequency number
BL3
BL2
BL1
BL0
22H
Low byte frequency number
FR7
FR6
FR5
FR4
23H
High byte start address
24H
Low byte start address
ST7
25H
Wave bit select,
High byte repeat number
WBS
26H
Low byte repeat number
RE7
27H
Envelope control,
Volume control
A_R
1DH
Function
ST6
RE6
28H~29H
2AH
RE5
ST4
RE4
CH2
CH1
CH0
FR11
FR10
FR9
FR8
FR3
FR2
FR1
FR0
ST11
ST10
ST9
ST8
ST3
ST2
ST1
ST0
RE9
RE8
RE3
RE2
RE1
RE0
ENV1
ENV0
VR9
VR8
VR3
VR2
VR1
VR0
Unused
Volume control
VR7
VR6
2BH~2FH
30H~FFH Data memory (RAM)
Note:
ST5
DAON SELW
VR5
VR4
Unused
General purpose data memory (same as 8-Bit MCU)
²¾² No function, read only, read as ²0².
Unused: No function, read only, read as ²0².
Rev. 1.00
15
June 19, 2003
HT36A2
· CH[2~0] channel number selection
jor 12 bits i.e. WA[15~5] and the undefined data from
WA[4~0] is always set as 00000b. In other words, the
WA[15~0]=ST[11~0]´25. So each PCM code has to
be located at a multiple of 32. Otherwise, the PCM
code will not be read out correctly because it has a
wrong start code.
The HT36A2 has a built-in 8 output channels and
CH[2~0] is used to define which channel is selected.
When this register is written to, the wavetable synthesizer will automatically output the dedicated PCM
code. So this register is also used as a start playing
key and it has to be written to after all the other
wavetable function registers are already defined.
· Waveform format definition
The HT36A2 accepts two waveform formats to ensure
a more economical data space. WBS is used to define
the sample format of each PCM code.
· Change parameter selection
These two bits, VM and FR, are used to define which
register will be updated on this selected channel.
There are two modes that can be selected to reduce
the process of setting the register. Please refer to the
statements of the following table:
VM
FR
0
0
Update all the parameter
0
1
Only update the frequency number
1
0
Only update the volume
8 - B it
2 B
3 B
4 B
5 B
6 B
7 B
8 B
A s a m p lin g d a ta c o d e ; B m e a n s o n e d a ta b y te .
Function
1 2 - B it
1 H
1 M
1 L
2 L
2 H
2 M
3 H
3 M
3 L
A s a m p lin g d a ta c o d e
N o te : " 1 H " H ig h N ib b le
" 1 M " M id d le N ib b le
" 1 L " L o w N ib b le
· Output frequency definition
Waveform format
The data on BL[3~0] and FR[11~0] are used to define
the output speed of the PCM file, i.e. it can be used to
generate the tone scale. When the FR[11:0] is 800H
and BL[3:0] is 6H, each sample data of the PCM code
will be sent out sequentially.
When the fOSC is 6.4MHz, the formula of a tone frequency is:
25kHz FR [11 ~ 0]
fOUT= fRECORD ´
´ (17 - BL [3~0])
SR
2
where fOUT is the output signal frequency, fRECORD and
SR is the frequency and sampling rate on the sample
code, respectively.
So if a voice code of C3 has been recorded which has
the fRECORD of 261Hz and the SR of 11025Hz, the tone
frequency (fOUT) of G3: fOUT=98Hz.
Can be obtained by using the fomula:
25kHz
FR[11 ~ 0]
98Hz= 261Hz ´
´
11025Hz 2 (17 - BL [3~0])
A pair of the values FR[11~0] and BL[3~0] can be determined when the fOSC is 6.4MHz.
¨
WBS=0 means the sample format is 8-bit
¨
WBS=1 means the sample format is 12-bit
The 12-bit sample format allocates location to each
sample data. Please refer to the waveform format
statement as shown below.
· Repeat number definition
The repeat number is used to define the address
which is the repeat point of the sample. When the repeat number is defined, it will be output from the start
code to the end code once and always output the
range between the repeat address to the end code
(80H) until the volume become close.
The RE[9~0] is used to calculate the repeat address
of the PCM code. The process for setting the RE[9~0]
is to write the 2¢s complement of the repeat length to
RE[9~0], with the highest carry ignored. The HT36A2
will get the repeat address by adding the RE[9~0] to
the address of the end code, then jump to the address
to repeat this range.
· Start address definition
The HT36A2 provides two address types for extended
use, one is the program ROM address which is program counter corresponding with PF value, the other
is the start address of the PCM code.
The ST[11~0] is used to define the start address of
each PCM code and reads the waveform data from
this location. The HT36A2 provides 16 input data lines
from WA[15~0], the ST[11~0] is used to locate the ma-
Rev. 1.00
1 B
· Volume control
The HT36A2 provides the volume control independently. The volume are controlled by VR[9~0] respectively. The chip provides 1024 levels of controllable
volume, the 000H is the maximum and 3FFH is the
minimum output volume.
16
June 19, 2003
HT36A2
· Envelope type definition
Mask Option
The HT36A2 provides a function to easily program the
envelope by setting the data of ENV[1~0] and A_R. It
forms a vibrato effect by a change of the volume to attach and release alternately.
The A_R signal is used to define the volume change in
attach mode or release mode and ENV[1~0] is used to
define which volume control bit will be changeable. On
the attach mode, the control bits will be sequentially
signaled down to 0. On the release mode, the control
bits will be sequentially signaled up to 1. The relationship is shown in the following table.
No.
Mask Option
Function
1
WDT source
On-chip RC/Instruction clock/
disable WDT
2
CLRWDT times
One time, two times
(CLR WDT1/WDT2)
3
Wake-up
PA only
4
Pull-High
PA, PB, PC0~3 input
5
OSC mode
Crystal or Resistor type
· The PCM code definition
The HT36A2 can only solve the voice format of the
signed 8-bit raw PCM. And the MCU will take the voice
code 80H as the end code.
So each PCM code section must be ended with the
end code 80H.
A_R
ENV1
ENV0
Volume Control Bit
Control Bit Final Value
0
0
0
VR2~0
111b
0
0
1
VR1~0
11b
0
1
0
VR0
1b
x
1
1
No Bit
unchanged
1
0
0
VR2~0
000b
1
0
1
VR1~0
00b
1
1
0
VR0
0b
Mode
Release mode
No change mode
Attach mode
Envelope type definition
Rev. 1.00
17
June 19, 2003
HT36A2
Application Circuit
V
D D
1 0 W
V D D
4 7 m F
V D D A
O S C 1
O S C 2
0 .1 m F
P A 0 ~ P A 7
P B 0 ~ P B 7
V
D D
P C 0 ~ P C 3
V
4 7 m F
D D
A U D
2 0 k W
1 0 0 k W
R E S
V S S A
0 .1 m F
1 0 m F
V S S
0 .1 m F
2
IN
V re f
3
8
V D D
H T 8 2 V 7 3 3
V S S
4
5
O U T N
1
S P K
8 W
7
O U T P
C E
H T 3 6 A 2
V
D D
1 0 W
V D D
4 7 m F
V D D A
O S C 1
P A 0 ~ P A 7
O S C 2
P C 0 ~ P C 3
0 .1 m F
P B 0 ~ P B 7
1 2 M H z
V
V
D D
1 0 0 k W
A U D
R E S
0 .1 m F
D D
S P K
8 W
R 1
1 k W
R 2
7 5 0 W
V S S A
V S S
H T 3 6 A 2
N o te : R 1 > R 2
Rev. 1.00
18
June 19, 2003
HT36A2
Package Information
28-pin SOP (300mil) Outline Dimensions
2 8
1 5
A
B
1
1 4
C
C '
G
H
D
E
Symbol
Rev. 1.00
a
F
Dimensions in mil
Min.
Nom.
Max.
A
394
¾
419
B
290
¾
300
C
14
¾
20
C¢
697
¾
713
D
92
¾
104
E
¾
50
¾
F
4
¾
¾
G
32
¾
38
H
4
¾
12
a
0°
¾
10°
19
June 19, 2003
HT36A2
48-pin SSOP (300mil) Outline Dimensions
4 8
2 5
A
B
2 4
1
C
C '
G
H
D
E
Symbol
Rev. 1.00
a
F
Dimensions in mil
Min.
Nom.
Max.
A
395
¾
420
B
291
¾
299
C
8
¾
12
C¢
613
¾
637
D
85
¾
99
E
¾
25
¾
F
4
¾
10
G
25
¾
35
H
4
¾
12
a
0°
¾
8°
20
June 19, 2003
HT36A2
Product Tape and Reel Specifications
Reel Dimensions
D
T 2
A
C
B
T 1
SOP 28W (300mil)
Symbol
Description
Dimensions in mm
A
Reel Outer Diameter
330±1.0
B
Reel Inner Diameter
62±1.5
C
Spindle Hole Diameter
13.0+0.5
-0.2
D
Key Slit Width
2.0±0.5
T1
Space Between Flange
24.8+0.3
-0.2
T2
Reel Thickness
30.2±0.2
SSOP 48W
Symbol
Description
Dimensions in mm
A
Reel Outer Diameter
330±1.0
B
Reel Inner Diameter
100±0.1
C
Spindle Hole Diameter
13.0+0.5
-0.2
D
Key Slit Width
2.0±0.5
T1
Space Between Flange
32.2+0.3
-0.2
T2
Reel Thickness
38.2±0.2
Rev. 1.00
21
June 19, 2003
HT36A2
Carrier Tape Dimensions
P 0
D
P 1
t
E
F
W
C
D 1
B 0
P
K 0
A 0
SOP 28W (300mil)
Symbol
Description
Dimensions in mm
W
Carrier Tape Width
24.0±0.3
P
Cavity Pitch
12.0±0.1
E
Perforation Position
1.75±0.1
F
Cavity to Perforation (Width Direction)
11.5±0.1
D
Perforation Diameter
1.5+0.1
D1
Cavity Hole Diameter
1.5+0.25
P0
Perforation Pitch
4.0±0.1
P1
Cavity to Perforation (Length Direction)
2.0±0.1
A0
Cavity Length
10.85±0.1
B0
Cavity Width
18.34±0.1
K0
Cavity Depth
2.97±0.1
t
Carrier Tape Thickness
0.35±0.01
C
Cover Tape Width
Rev. 1.00
21.3
22
June 19, 2003
HT36A2
P 0
D
P 1
t
E
F
W
D 1
C
B 0
K 1
P
K 2
A 0
SSOP 48W
Symbol
Description
Dimensions in mm
W
Carrier Tape Width
32.0±0.3
P
Cavity Pitch
16.0±0.1
E
Perforation Position
1.75±0.1
F
Cavity to Perforation (Width Direction)
14.2±0.1
D
Perforation Diameter
2.0 Min.
D1
Cavity Hole Diameter
1.5+0.25
P0
Perforation Pitch
4.0±0.1
P1
Cavity to Perforation (Length Direction)
2.0±0.1
A0
Cavity Length
12.0±0.1
B0
Cavity Width
16.20±0.1
K1
Cavity Depth
2.4±0.1
K2
Cavity Depth
3.2±0.1
t
Carrier Tape Thickness
C
Cover Tape Width
Rev. 1.00
0.35±0.05
25.5
23
June 19, 2003
HT36A2
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Tel: 886-3-563-1999
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RM.711, Tower 2, Cheung Sha Wan Plaza, 833 Cheung Sha Wan Rd., Kowloon, Hong Kong
Tel: 852-2-745-8288
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46712 Fremont Blvd., Fremont, CA 94538
Tel: 510-252-9880
Fax: 510-252-9885
http://www.holmate.com
Copyright Ó 2003 by HOLTEK SEMICONDUCTOR INC.
The information appearing in this Data Sheet is believed to be accurate at the time of publication. However, Holtek assumes no responsibility arising from the use of the specifications described. The applications mentioned herein are used
solely for the purpose of illustration and Holtek makes no warranty or representation that such applications will be suitable
without further modification, nor recommends the use of its products for application that may present a risk to human life
due to malfunction or otherwise. Holtek¢s products are not authorized for use as critical components in life support devices
or systems. Holtek reserves the right to alter its products without prior notification. For the most up-to-date information,
please visit our web site at http://www.holtek.com.tw.
Rev. 1.00
24
June 19, 2003