R I Q U I N T S E M I C O N D U C T O R, I N C . FBIN S1 REFCLK S0 F1 F0 GND 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 TEST 12 GA1088 4 VDD Phase Detector VDD 13 3 Q10 2 Q9 VCO Q0 14 MUX GND 15 Q1 16 Q2 17 Phase Select Divide Logic ÷4, ÷6, or ÷8 Group A Group C Output Buffers Group B VDD 18 1 GND 28 Q8 27 Q7 26 VDD 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 GND Q3 Q4 VDD Q5 Q6 GND 11-Output Configurable Clock Buffer TriQuint’s GA1088 is a configurable clock buffer which generates 11 outputs, operating over a wide range of frequencies — from 18 MHz to 105 MHz. The outputs are available at either 1x and 2x or at 1x and 1/2 x the reference clock frequency, fREF . When one of the Group A outputs (Q0– Q2) is used as feedback to the PLL, all Group A outputs will be at fREF , and all Group B (Q3–Q6) and Group C (Q7–Q10) outputs will be at 2x fREF . When one of the Group B outputs is used as feedback to the PLL, all Group A outputs will be at 1/2 x fREF and all Group B and Group C outputs will be at fREF . A very stable internal Phase-Locked Loop (PLL) provides low-jitter operation. This completely self-contained PLL requires no external capacitors or resistors. The PLL’s voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) has a frequency range from 280 MHz to 420 MHz. By feeding back one of the output clocks to FBIN, the PLL continuously maintains frequency and phase synchronization between the reference clock (REFCLK) and each of the outputs. The Shift Select pins select the phase shift (–2t, –t, 0, or +t) for Group C outputs (Q7–Q10) with respect to REFCLK. The phase shift increment (t) is equivalent to the VCO’s period (1/fVCO). Features • Wide frequency range: 18 MHz to 105 MHz • Output configurations: three outputs at 1/2 fREF three outputs at fREF four outputs at fREF with adjustable phase or two outputs at fREF four outputs at 2x fREF four outputs at 2x fREF with adjustable phase • Selectable Phase Shift: –2t, –t, 0, and +t (t = 1/fVCO) SYSTEM TIMING PRODUCTS T • Low output-to-output skew: 150 ps (max) within a group • Near-zero propagation delay –350 ps + 500 ps (max) or –350 ps +700 ps (max) • TTL-compatible with 30 mA output drive • 28-pin J-lead surface-mount package TriQuint’s patented output buffer design delivers a very low output-tooutput skew of 150 ps (max). The GA1088’s symmetrical TTL outputs are capable of sourcing and sinking 30 mA. For additional information and latest specifications, see our website: www.triquint.com 1 GA1088 Functional Description The core of the GA1088 is a Phase-Locked Loop (PLL) that continuously compares the reference clock (REFCLK) to the feedback clock (FBIN), maintaining a zero frequency difference between the two. Since one of the outputs (Q0–Q6) is always connected to FBIN, the PLL keeps the propagation delay between the outputs and the reference clock within –350 ps +500 ps for the GA1088-MC500, and within –350 ps +700 ps for the GA1088-MC700. The internal voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) has an operating range of 280 MHz to 420 MHz. The combination of the VCO and the Divide Logic enables the GA1088 to operate between 18 MHz and 105 MHz. The device features six divide modes: ÷4, ÷6, ÷8, ÷8, ÷12, and ÷16. The Frequency Select pins, F0 and F1, and the output used as feedback to FBIN set the divide mode as shown in Table 1. The Shift Select pins, S0 and S1, control the phase shift of the Group C outputs (Q7–Q10), relative to the other outputs. The user can select from four incremental phase shifts as shown in Table 2 (Phase Selection). The phase-shift increment (t) is calculated using the following equation (where n is the divide mode): t= 1 (f REF) (n) In the test mode, the PLL is bypassed and REFCLK is connected directly to the Divide Logic block via the MUX, as shown in Figure 1. This mode is useful for debug and test purposes. The various test modes are outlined in Table 3. In the test mode, the frequency of the reference clock is divided by 4, 6, or 8. The maximum rise and fall time at the output pins is 1.4 ns. All outputs of the GA1088 are TTL-compatible with 30 mA symmetric drive and a minimum V OH of 2.4 V. Power Up/Reset Synchronization After power up or reset, the PLL requires time before it achieves synchronization lock. The maximum time required for synchronization (TSYNC) is 500 ms. Table 1. Frequency Mode Selection Feedback: Any Group A Output (Q0 – Q2) Test Select Pins F0 F1 Mode Reference Clock Frequency Range 0 0 0 Not Used N.A. 0 1 0 ÷8 0 0 1 ÷ 12 0 1 1 ÷ 16 18 MHz – 26 MHz Output Frequency Range Group A: Q0–Q2 Group B,C: Q3–Q10 N.A. N.A. 35 MHz – 50 MHz 35 MHz – 50 MHz 70 MHz – 105 MHz 24 MHz – 35 MHz 24 MHz – 35 MHz 48 MHz – 70 MHz 18 MHz – 26 MHz 35 MHz – 52 MHz Feedback: Any Group B Output (Q3 – Q6) Test 2 Select Pins F0 F1 Mode Reference Clock Frequency Range Output Frequency Range Group A: Q0–Q2 Group B,C: Q3–Q10 0 0 0 Not Used N.A. N.A. N.A. 0 1 0 ÷4 70 MHz – 105 MHz 35 MHz – 50 MHz 70 MHz – 105 MHz 0 0 1 ÷6 48 MHz – 70 MHz 24 MHz – 35 MHz 48 MHz – 70 MHz 0 1 1 ÷8 35 MHz – 52 MHz 18 MHz – 26 MHz 35 MHz – 52 MHz For additional information and latest specifications, see our website: www.triquint.com GA1088 Table 2. Phase Selection S0 S1 Phase Difference (Q9, Q10) 0 0 +t 1 0 0 0 1 –t 1 1 –2t Table 3. Test Mode Selection Group A: Outputs Q0–Q2 Ref. Clock Group B,C Outputs Q3–Q10 Test F0 F1 Mode 1 0 0 not used — — — 1 1 0 ÷4 f REF f REF ÷ 8 f REF ÷ 4␣ ␣ 1 0 1 ÷6 f REF f REF ÷ 12 f REF ÷ 6 1 1 1 ÷8 f REF f REF ÷ 16 f REF ÷ 8 Layout Guidelines Figure 2. Top Layer Layout of Power Pins (approx. 3.3x) Figure 2 shows the recommended power layout for the GA1088. The bypass capacitors should be located on the same side of the board as the GA1088. The VDD traces connect to an inner-layer VDD plane. All of the ground pins (GND) are connected to a small ground plane on the surface beneath the chip. Multiple throughholes connect this small surface plane to an inner-layer ground plane. The capacitors (C1–C5) are 0.1 mF. TriQuint’s test board uses X7R temperature-stable capacitors in 1206 SMD cases. V DD C4 V DD SYSTEM TIMING PRODUCTS Multiple ground and power pins on the GA1088 reduce ground bounce. Good layout techniques, however, are necessary to guarantee proper operation and to meet the specifications across the full operating range. TriQuint recommends bypassing each of the VDD supply pins to the nearest ground pin, as close to the chip as possible. C3 Pin 1 Ground Plane V DD C2 Pin 15 C1 C5 V DD V DD For additional information and latest specifications, see our website: www.triquint.com 3 GA1088 Absolute Maximum Ratings 1 Storage temperature –65 °C to +150 °C Ambient temperature with power applied 2 –55 °C to +100 °C Supply voltage to ground potential –0.5 V to +7.0 V DC input voltage –0.5 V to (VDD + 0.5) V DC input current –30 mA to +5 mA Package thermal resistance (MQuad) θJA = 45 °C/W Die junction temperature TJ = 150 °C␣ ␣ ␣ ␣ DC Characteristics (VDD = +5 V + 5%, TA = 0 °C to +70 °C) 3 Symbol Description VOHT Output HIGH voltage VOHC Output HIGH voltage VOL Output LOW voltage VIH 5 Input HIGH level VIL5 Input LOW level Test Conditions Min Limits 4 Typ VDD = Min IOH= –30 mA VIN= VIH or VIL VDD = Min IOH= –1 mA VIN= VIH or VIL 2.4 3.4 V 3.2 4.1 V VDD = Min IOL= 30 mA VIN= VIH or VIL Guaranteed input logical HIGH Voltage for all Inputs Guaranteed input logical LOW Input LOW current Input HIGH current Input HIGH current Power supply current Input clamp voltage Voltage for all inputs VDD = Max VIN = 0.40 V VDD = Max VIN = 2.7 V VDD = Max VIN = 5.5 V VDD = Max VDD = Min IIN = –18 mA Symbol Description Test Conditions CIN 3,7 Input capacitance IIL IIH II IDDS 6 VI 0.27 Max 0.5 2.0 Unit V V –156 0 2 119 –0.70 0.8 V –400 25 1000 160 –1.2 µA µA µA mA V Capacitance Notes: 4 Min VIN = 2.0 V at f = 1 MHz Typ Max 6 pF 1. Exceeding these parameters may damage the device. 2. Maximum ambient temperature with device not switching and unloaded. 3. These values apply to both GA1088-MC500 and GA1088-MC700. 4. Typical limits are at VDD = 5.0 V and TA = 25 °C. 5. These are absolute values with respect to device ground and all overshoots due to system or tester noise are included. 6. This parameter is measured with device not switching and unloaded. 7. These parameters are not 100% tested, but are periodically sampled. For additional information and latest specifications, see our website: www.triquint.com GA1088 Symbol Input Clock (REFCLK) Test Conditions (Figure 3) 1 Min Typ Max Unit t CPWH CLK pulse width HIGH Figure 4 3 --- — ns t CPWL CLK pulse width LOW Figure 4 t IR Input rise time (0.8 V - 2.0 V) Symbol Input Clock (Q0–Q10) Test Conditions (Figure 3) 1 t OR,t OF Rise/fall time (0.8 V – 2.0 V) Figure 4 t PD1 2 CLK Î to FBIN Î (GA1088-MC500) Figure 4 t PD2 2 CLK Î to FBIN Î (GA1088-MC700) Figure 4 Rise–rise, fall–fall (within group) Figure 5 t SKEW1 3 t SKEW2 3 Rise–rise, fall–fall t SKEW3 3 Rise–rise, fall–fall (group-to-group, aligned) Figure 6 (group-to-group, non-aligned)Figure 7 (skew2 takes into account skew1) (skew3 takes into account skews1, 2) 3 --- — ns — — 2.0 ns Min Typ Max Unit 350 — 1400 ps –850 –350 +150 ps –1050 –350 +350 ps — 60 150 ps — 75 350 ps — — 650 ps ps t SKEW4 3 Rise-fall, fall-rise — — 1200 t CYC 4 Duty-cycle Variation Figure 4 –1000 0 +1000 ps t JP 5 Period-to-Period Jitter Figure 4 — 80 200 ps Random Jitter Figure 4 — 190 400 ps — 10 500 µs t JR 5 t SYNC 6 Figure 8 (skew4 takes into account skew3) Synchronization Time Notes: 1. All measurements are tested with a REFCLK having a rise time of 0.5 ns (0.8 V to 2.0 V). 2. The PLL maintains alignment of CLK and FBIN at all times. This specification applies to the rising edge only because the input duty cycle can vary while the output duty cycle is typically 50/50. The delay tPD is measured at the 1.5 V level between CLK and FBIN. 3. Skew specifies the width of the window in which outputs switch, and is measured at 1.5 V. 4. This specification represents the deviation from 50/50 on the outputs. 5. Jitter specifications refer to peak-to-peak value. tJR is the jitter on the output with respect to the reference clock. tJP is the jitter on the output with respect to the output’s previous rising edge. 6. tSYNC is the time required for the PLL to synchronize; this assumes the presence of a CLK signal and a connection from one of the outputs to FBIN. Figure 3. AC Test Circuit Y +5 V R1 50 Ω X Z FBIN R2 +5 V R1 Z CLK R2 Q0 Q1 Q2 • • • • Q10 • • • • +5 V R1 +5 V R2 R1 R2 +5 V R1 R2 Notes: R1 = 160 Ω R2 = 71 Ω Y+Z=X For additional information and latest specifications, see our website: www.triquint.com 5 SYSTEM TIMING PRODUCTS AC Characteristics (VDD = +5 V + 5%, TA = 0 °C to +70 °C) GA1088 Switching Waveforms Figure 4. General Timing tCPW tCPW REFCLK t PD1,2 t JR FBIN Q0 – Q10 (INDIVIDUALLY) t PERIOD t JP Figure 5. tSKEW1 Figure 7. tSKEW3 (For Group A Feedback) Group A Period = f = 2x f REF Group A t SKEW1 t SKEW1 Groups B or C t1 Group B t SKEW3 = (For Group A or B Feedback) Group B t SKEW1 t SKEW1 Group C 1 f REFCLK Period – t1 2 Group A t4 Group C t SKEW3 = n – t4 t SKEW3 = n – t4 Group C Group B t SKEW1 t SKEW1 t4 Group C Note: Figure 6. tSKEW2 “n” is the phase shift increment: t, 0, -t, 2t. Figure 8. tSKEW4 Group A Period = f = f REF 1 f REFCLK Group A Group B and Group C when n = 0 t2 t SKEW2 f = 2x f REF Groups B or C t3 t SKEW4 = 6 Period – t2 = 2 For additional information and latest specifications, see our website: www.triquint.com t4 Period – t3 = 4 Period – t4 4 GA1088 28-Pin MQuad J-Leaded Package Mechanical Specification (All dimensions are in inches) .172 ±.005 .490 ±.005 .132 ±.005 .445 ±.005 .045 X 45°° .040 MIN PIN 1 8 .490 ±.005 22 .445 .028 ±.005 .445 ±.005 0.125 VENT PLUG 15 .015 X 45°° .410 ±.015 .018 .050 TYP. .060 .104 ±.005 .050 TYP. NON-ACCUM. Pin # Pin Name Description I/O Pin # Pin Name 1 2 GND Ground — 15 GND Ground Q9 Output Clock 9 (C3) O 16 Q1 Output Clock 1 (A2) 3 Q10 Output Clock 10 (C4) O 17 Q2 Output Clock 2 (A3) SYSTEM TIMING PRODUCTS 28-Pin MQuad Pin Description Description 4 VDD +5 V — 18 VDD +5 V 5 GND Ground — 19 GND Ground 6 F0 Frequency Select 0 I 20 Q3 Output Clock 3 (B1) 7 F1 Frequency Select 1 I 21 Q4 Output Clock 4 (B2) 8 S0 Shift Select 0 I 22 VDD +5 V 9 REFCLK Reference Clock I 23 Q5 Output Clock 5 (B3) 10 S1 Shift Select 1 I 24 Q6 Output Clock 6 (B4) 11 FBIN Feedback In I 25 GND Ground 12 TEST Test I 26 VDD +5 V 13 VDD +5 V — 27 Q7 Output Clock 7 (C1) 14 Q0 Output Clock 0 (A1) O 28 Q8 Output Clock 8 (C2) For additional information and latest specifications, see our website: www.triquint.com 7 GA1088 Output Characteristics The IV characteristics, transition times, package characteristics, device and bond wire characteristics for the GA1088 are described in Tables 4 through 9 and Figures 9 through 11. These output characteristics are provided for modelling purposes only. TriQuint does not guarantee the information in these tables and figures. Figure 9. IOH vs.VOH Figure 10. IOL vs.VOL LOW HIGH 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 160 5.0 -20 VOH min -40 VOH max -60 -80 -100 IOL (mA) IOH (mA) 0 0.0 140 VOL min 120 VOL max 100 80 60 40 -120 20 -140 0 -160 0.0 Volts 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 Volts Table 4. IOH vs.VOH Table 5. IOL vs.VOL VOL IOL min (mA) IOL max (mA) VOL IOL min (mA) IOL max (mA) 0.0 –70 –160 –2.5 –145 –435 0.5 –70 –157 –2.0 –135 –410 1.0 –68 –152 –1.5 –115 –350 1.5 –65 –142 –1.0 –90 –265 2.0 –59 –130 –0.5 –40 –120 2.5 –48 –106 0.0 0 0 3.0 –29 –79 0.5 37 97 3.5 0 –42 1.0 49 140 4.0 0 0 1.5 53 155 4.5 0 0 2.0 54 157 5.0 0 0 2.5 54 159 5.5 40 120 3.0 54 160 6.0 90 265 3.5 54 160 6.5 115 350 4.0 54 160 7.0 135 410 4.5 54 160 7.5 145 435 5.0 54 160 10.0 54 160 Notes: 1. These are worst-case corners for process, voltage, and temperature. 2. Includes diode-to-ground current. 8 For additional information and latest specifications, see our website: www.triquint.com GA1088 V Diode to GND␣ ␣ ␣ ␣ ␣ ␣ ␣ ␣ ␣ ␣ ␣ ␣ ␣ ␣ ␣ ␣ I (mA) Table 9. Rise and Fall Times (Into 0 pF, 50 Ohms to 1.5 V) ␣ Diode Stack to VDD V I (mA) 0.0 0 5.0 0 –0.4 0 5.4 0 –0.5 0 5.5 0 –0.6 –5 5.6 5 –0.7 –15 5.7 15 –0.8 –35 5.8 35 –0.9 –55 5.9 55 –1.0 –75 6.0 75 –2.0 –300 7.0 300 –2.5 –350 7.5 350 –3.0 –360 8.0 360 Note: TriQuint does not guarantee diode operation for purposes other than ESD protection. Figure 11. Output Model L1 L2 OUTPUT DIE C1 C2 Table 7. Device and Bond-Wire Characteristics (Estimated) L1 2 nH C1 10 pF Table 8. 28-Pin MQuad Package Characteristics L2 C2 1.85 nH 0.40 pF Time (ns) TR min (V) TR max (V) TF min (V) TF max (V) 0.0 0.15 0.32 3.20 3.04 0.1 0.15 0.32 3.20 3.04 0.2 0.16 0.32 3.06 2.95 0.3 0.18 0.32 2.86 2.90 0.4 0.23 0.32 2.62 2.68 0.5 0.26 0.32 2.38 2.50 0.6 0.34 0.32 2.17 2.36 0.7 0.46 0.34 2.00 2.22 0.8 0.67 0.39 1.85 2.09 0.9 0.89 0.49 1.69 1.95 1.0 1.12 0.63 1.52 1.86 1.1 1.32 0.86 1.38 1.68 1.2 1.50 1.09 1.26 1.59 1.3 1.73 1.27 1.12 1.49 1.4 1.93 1.45 0.96 1.36 1.5 2.15 1.64 0.83 1.23 1.6 2.75 2.23 0.52 0.95 1.7 2.58 2.00 0.61 1.00 1.8 2.75 2.23 0.52 0.95 1.9 2.90 2.41 0.45 0.91 2.0 3.02 2.50 0.39 0.86 2.1 3.12 2.64 0.33 0.77 2.2 3.17 2.77 0.29 0.73 2.3 3.19 2.86 0.24 0.68 2.4 3.20 2.95 0.21 0.64 2.5 3.20 2.99 0.19 0.59 2.6 3.20 3.02 0.17 0.55 2.7 3.20 3.02 0.16 0.53 2.8 3.20 3.04 0.16 0.50 2.9 3.20 3.04 0.15 0.45 3.0 3.20 3.04 0.15 0.41 3.1 3.20 3.04 0.15 0.40 3.2 3.20 3.04 0.15 0.37 3.3 3.20 3.04 0.15 0.36 3.4 3.20 3.04 0.15 0.32 3.5 3.20 3.04 0.15 0.32 For additional information and latest specifications, see our website: www.triquint.com SYSTEM TIMING PRODUCTS Table 6. Above-VDD and Below-Ground Characteristics 9 GA1088 Ordering Information To order, please specify as shown below: GA1088-MC nnn 11-Output Configurable Clock Buffer Propagation delay skew: 500 –350 ps ± 500 ps 700 –350 ps ± 700 ps Note: All parts are marked as MC500. MC700 parts have a “2” added to the marking. Temperature range: 0 °C to 70 °C (Commercial) Package: MQuad Additional Information For latest specifications, additional product information, worldwide sales and distribution locations, and information about TriQuint: Web: www.triquint.com Email: [email protected] Tel: (503) 615-9000 Fax: (503) 615-8900 For technical questions and additional information on specific applications: Email: [email protected] The information provided herein is believed to be reliable; TriQuint assumes no liability for inaccuracies or omissions. TriQuint assumes no responsibility for the use of this information, and all such information shall be entirely at the user's own risk. Prices and specifications are subject to change without notice. No patent rights or licenses to any of the circuits described herein are implied or granted to any third party. TriQuint does not authorize or warrant any TriQuint product for use in life-support devices and/or systems. Copyright © 1997 TriQuint Semiconductor, Inc. All rights reserved. Revision 1.1.A November 1997 10 For additional information and latest specifications, see our website: www.triquint.com