GS2974A HD-LINX™ III Adaptive Cable Equalizer Features Description • SMPTE 424M, SMPTE 292M and SMPTE 259M compliant • Automatic cable equalization The GS2974A is a high-speed BiCMOS integrated circuit designed to equalize and restore signals received over 75Ω co-axial cable. • 0.3UI Maximum Output Jitter at 2.97Gb/s • Multi-standard operation from 143Mb/s to 2.97Gb/s • Supports DVB-ASI at 270Mb/s • Small footprint (4mm x 4mm) • Pb-free and RoHS compliant • Manual bypass (useful for low data rates with slow rise/fall times) • Performance optimized for 1.485Gb/s and 2.97Gb/s • Typical equalized length of Belden 1694A cable: 120m at 2.97Gb/s, 200m at 1.485Gb/s, and 350m at 270Mb/s • 50Ω differential output (internal 50Ω pull-ups) • Programmable mute based on max cable length adjust • Single 3.3V power supply operation • Operating temperature range: 0°C to +70°C The GS2974A is designed to support SMPTE 424M, SMPTE 292M and SMPTE 259M, and is optimized for performance at 1.485Gb/s and 2.97Gb/s. The GS2974A features DC restoration to compensate for the DC content of SMPTE pathological test patterns. Applications • SMPTE 424M, SMPTE 292M and SMPTE 259M Coaxial Cable Serial Digital Interfaces. A voltage programmable mute threshold (MCLADJ), applicable for SD mode (refer to Section 4.3), is included to allow muting of the GS2974A output when an approximate selected cable length is reached for SMPTE 259M signals. This feature allows the GS2974A to distinguish between low amplitude SD-SDI signals and noise at the input of the device. The serial digital outputs of the GS2974A may be forced to a mute state by applying a voltage to the MUTE pin. Power consumption is typically 215mW using a 3.3V power supply. The GS2974A is lead-free, and the encapsulation compound does not contain halogenated flame retardant. This component and all homogeneous subcomponents are RoHS compliant. CABLE LENGTH ADJUSTOR CARRIER DETECT MUTE MCLADJ CD MUTE BYPASS SDI SDI EQUALIZER DC RESTORE OUTPUT SDO SDO AGC GS2974A Functional Block Diagram GS2974A HD-LINX™ III Adaptive Cable Equalizer Data Sheet 42216 - 3 January 2009 www.gennum.com 1 of 16 Revision History Version ECR PCN Date Changes and/or Modifications 3 151331 – January 2009 Added 2500pc reel size to 6.6 Ordering Information. Changed the Output Voltage Swing from 550mVp-p to 600mVp-p in Table 2-2: AC Electrical Characteristics. 2 149719 – April 2008 Added “0.3UI Maximum Output Jitter at 2.97Gb/s” to Features Section and Table 2-2: AC Electrical Characteristics. Changed cables lengths from 100 to 120 and 400 to 350 in Section 4. Detailed Description. Re-wrote Section 4.3 Programmable Maximum Cable Length Adjust (MCLADJ). Added Tape & Reel to 6.6 Ordering Information. 1 145131 – May 2007 Converted to Data Sheet. 0 144247 – February 2007 Converted to Preliminary Data Sheet. Removed ‘Proprietary and Confidential’ footer. Modified DC Electrical Characteristics and AC Electrical Characteristics table. Added section 6.4 Marking Diagram. A 143102 – December 2006 New Document. GS2974A HD-LINX™ III Adaptive Cable Equalizer Data Sheet 42216 - 3 January 2009 2 of 16 Contents Features.................................................................................................................................................................1 Applications.........................................................................................................................................................1 Description...........................................................................................................................................................1 Revision History .................................................................................................................................................2 1. Pin Out...............................................................................................................................................................4 1.1 GS2974A Pin Assignment ..............................................................................................................4 1.2 GS2974A Pin Descriptions .............................................................................................................4 2. Electrical Characteristics ............................................................................................................................6 2.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings ..........................................................................................................6 2.2 DC Electrical Characteristics ........................................................................................................6 2.3 AC Electrical Characteristics ........................................................................................................7 Test Circuit ...........................................................................................................................................................8 3. Input/Output Circuits ..................................................................................................................................8 4. Detailed Description.....................................................................................................................................9 4.1 Serial Digital Inputs .........................................................................................................................9 4.2 Cable Equalization ........................................................................................................................ 10 4.3 Programmable Maximum Cable Length Adjust (MCLADJ) ............................................. 10 4.4 Mute and Carrier Detect .............................................................................................................. 11 5. Application Information .......................................................................................................................... 12 5.1 PCB Layout ....................................................................................................................................... 12 5.2 Typical Application Circuit ........................................................................................................ 12 6. Package & Ordering Information .......................................................................................................... 13 6.1 Package Dimensions ..................................................................................................................... 13 6.2 Packaging Data ............................................................................................................................... 13 6.3 Recommended PCB Footprint ................................................................................................... 14 6.4 Marking Diagram ........................................................................................................................... 14 6.5 Solder Reflow Profiles .................................................................................................................. 15 6.6 Ordering Information ................................................................................................................... 15 GS2974A HD-LINX™ III Adaptive Cable Equalizer Data Sheet 42216 - 3 January 2009 3 of 16 1. Pin Out VEE_A 1 SDI 2 VCC_A CD MUTE VCC_D 1.1 GS2974A Pin Assignment 16 15 14 13 12 VEE_D 11 SDO 3 10 SDO 4 9 VEE_D GS2974A (top view) 6 7 8 Center Pad (bottom of package, internally bonded to VEE_A) MCLADJ AGC 5 BYPASS VEE_A AGC SDI Figure 1-1: 16-Pin QFN 1.2 GS2974A Pin Descriptions Table 1-1: GS2974A Pin Descriptions Pin Number Name Timing Type 1, 4 VEE_A Analog Power Description Most negative power supply for analog circuitry. Connect to GND. 2, 3 SDI, SDI Analog Input 5, 6 AGC, AGC Analog – Serial digital differential input. External AGC capacitor. Connect pin 5 and pin 6 together as shown in the Typical Application Circuit on page 12. 7 BYPASS Not Synchronous Input Forces the Equalizing and DC RESTORE stages into bypass mode when HIGH. No equalization occurs in this mode. 8 MCLADJ Analog Input Maximum cable length adjust. Adjusts the approximate maximum amount of cable to be equalized. See Section 4.3. and Section 4.4 9 VEE_D Analog Power Most negative power supply for the digital circuitry and output buffer. Connect to GND. GS2974A HD-LINX™ III Adaptive Cable Equalizer Data Sheet 42216 - 3 January 2009 4 of 16 Table 1-1: GS2974A Pin Descriptions (Continued) Pin Number Name Timing Type Description 10, 11 SDO, SDO Analog Output Equalized serial digital differential output. 12 VEE_D Analog Power Most negative power supply for the digital circuitry and output buffer. Connect to GND. 13 VCC_D Analog Power Most positive power supply for the digital I/O pins of the device. Connect to +3.3V DC. 14 MUTE Not Synchronous Input CONTROL SIGNAL INPUT levels are LVCMOS/LVTTL compatible. (3.3V Tolerant) Controls output behaviour on SDO and SDO See Section 4.4. 15 CD Not Synchronous Output STATUS SIGNAL OUTPUT Signal levels are LVCMOS/LVTTL compatible. Indicates the presence of a good input signal. See Section 4.4. 16 VCC_A Analog Power Most positive power supply for the analog circuitry of the device. Connect to +3.3V DC. – Center Pad – GS2974A HD-LINX™ III Adaptive Cable Equalizer Data Sheet 42216 - 3 January 2009 Power Internally bonded to VEE_A. 5 of 16 2. Electrical Characteristics 2.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings Parameter Value Supply Voltage -0.3V to +3.6 VDC Input ESD Voltage 2kV Storage Temperature Range -50°C < Ts < 125°C Input Voltage Range (any input) -0.3 to (VCC +0.3)V Operating Temperature Range 0°C to 70°C Solder Reflow Temperature 260°C 2.2 DC Electrical Characteristics Table 2-1: DC Electrical Characteristics VCC = 3.3V ±5%, TA = 0°C to 70°C, unless otherwise shown Parameter Symbol Conditions Min Typ Max Units Notes Supply Voltage VCC – 3.135 3.3 3.465 V ±5% Power Consumption PD TA = 25°C – 215 343 mW – Supply Current Is TA = 25°C – 65 98 mA – Output Common Mode Voltage VCMOUT TA = 25°C – VCC - ΔVSDO/2 – V – Input Common Mode Voltage VCMIN TA = 25°C – 1.75 – V – MCLADJ DC Voltage (to mute signal) – 0m, TA = 25°C – 3.2 – V – MCLADJ Range – TA = 25°C – 0.5 – V – CD Output Voltage VCD(OH) Carrier not present 2.4 – – V – VCD(OL) Carrier present – – 0.4 V – Mute Input Voltage Required to Force Outputs to Mute VMute Min to Mute 2.0 – – V – Mute Input Voltage Required to Force Outputs Active VMute Max to Activate – – 0.8 V – GS2974A HD-LINX™ III Adaptive Cable Equalizer Data Sheet 42216 - 3 January 2009 6 of 16 2.3 AC Electrical Characteristics Table 2-2: AC Electrical Characteristics VCC = 3.3V ±5%, TA = 0°C to 70°C, unless otherwise shown Parameter Symbol Conditions Min Typ Max Units Notes Serial input data rate DRSDO – 143 – 2970 Mb/s – Input Voltage Swing ΔVSDI TA =25°C, differential, 270Mb/s and 1.485Gb/s 720 800 950 mVp-p 1 TA =25°C, differential, 2.97Gb/s 720 800 880 mVp-p 1 600 750 1050 mVp-p – Output Voltage Swing ΔVSDO 100Ω load, TA =25°C, differential Output Jitter of Various Cable Lengths and Data Rates – 270Mb/s Belden 1694A: 0-300m – – 0.2 UI 2,5 – 270Mb/s Belden 1694A: 300-350m – 0.2 – UI 4,5 – 1.485Gb/s Belden 1694A: 0-140m – 0.25 UI 2,5 – 1.485Gb/s Belden 1694A: 140-200m – 0.3 – UI 4,5 – 2.97Gb/s Belden 1694A: 0-70m – – 0.3 UI 2,5 – 2.97Gb/s Belden 1694A: 70-120m – 0.3 – UI 4,5 Output Rise/Fall time – 20% - 80% 40 80 220 ps – Mismatch in rise/fall time – – – – 30 ps – Duty cycle distortion – – – – 30 ps – Overshoot – – – – 10 % – Input Return Loss – – 15 21 – dB 3 Input Resistance – single ended – 1.52 – kΩ – Input Capacitance – single ended – 1 – pF – Output Resistance – single ended – 50 – Ω – NOTES: 1. 0m cable length. 2. All parts were production tested. In order to guarantee jitter over the full range of specification (VCC = 3.3V ±5%, TA = 0°C to 70°C, and 720-880mV launch swing from the SDI cable driver) the recommended applications circuit must be used. 3. Tested on CB2974A board from 5MHz to 3GHz. 4. Based on characterization data using the recommended applications circuit, at VCC = 3.3V, TA = 25°C and 800mV launch swing from the SDI cable driver 5. Equalizer Pathological test signal was used. GS2974A HD-LINX™ III Adaptive Cable Equalizer Data Sheet 42216 - 3 January 2009 7 of 16 Test Circuit BERT Pattern Generator EXT. CLOCK CLOCK OUT DATA OUT 1694A CABLE 50/75 IN GS2974A TEST BOARD OUT CH. 1 OUT CH. 2 EXT. CLOCK 2.97GHz/1.485GHz/ 270MHz TDS 820 EXT. TRIGGER Figure 2-1: Test Circuit 3. Input/Output Circuits VCC 3k 3k SDI SDI 12.2k RC 3.6k 3.6k + MCLADJ - 150µ Figure 3-1: Input Equivalent Circuit Figure 3-2: MCLADJ Equivalent Circuit GS2974A HD-LINX™ III Adaptive Cable Equalizer Data Sheet 42216 - 3 January 2009 8 of 16 50 50 SDO SDO Figure 3-3: Output Circuit MUTE, BYPASS Figure 3-4: MUTE and BYPASS Circuits CD Figure 3-5: CD Circuit 4. Detailed Description The GS2974A is a high speed BiCMOS IC designed to equalize serial digital signals. The GS2974A can equalize both HD and SD serial digital signals, and will typically equalize 120m of Belden 1694A cable at 2.97Gb/s, 200m at 1.485Gb/s and 350m at 270Mb/s.The GS2974A is powered from a single +3.3V power supply and consumes approximately 215mW of power. 4.1 Serial Digital Inputs The serial data signal may be connected to the input pins (SDI/SDI) in either a differential or single-ended configuration. AC-coupling of the inputs is recommended, as the SDI and SDI inputs are internally biased at approximately 1.8V. GS2974A HD-LINX™ III Adaptive Cable Equalizer Data Sheet 42216 - 3 January 2009 9 of 16 4.2 Cable Equalization The input signal passes through a variable gain equalizing stage whose frequency response closely matches the inverse of the cable loss characteristic. In addition, the variation of the frequency response with control voltage imitates the variation of the inverse cable loss characteristic with cable length. The edge energy of the equalized signal is monitored by a detector circuit which produces an error signal corresponding to the difference between the desired edge energy and the actual edge energy. This error signal is integrated by both an internal and an external AGC filter capacitor providing a steady control voltage for the gain stage. As the frequency response of the gain stage is automatically varied by the application of negative feedback, the edge energy of the equalized signal is kept at a constant level which is representative of the original edge energy at the transmitter. The equalized signal is also DC restored, effectively restoring the logic threshold of the equalized signal to its correct level independent of shifts due to AC coupling. The digital output signals have a nominal voltage of 750mVpp differential, or 375mVpp single ended when terminated with 50Ω as shown in Figure 4-1. +187.5mV VCM = 2.925V typical SDO -187.5mV SDO +187.5mV 50 50 VCM = 2.925V typical -187.5mV Figure 4-1: Typical Output Voltage Levels 4.3 Programmable Maximum Cable Length Adjust (MCLADJ) For SMPTE 259M inputs, the GS2974A incorporates a programmable Maximum Cable Length Adjust (MCLADJ) threshold. This feature can be useful in applications where there are multiple input channels using the GS2974A and the maximum gain can be limited to avoid crosstalk. The MCLADJ pin acts to change the threshold of the Carrier Detect (CD) pin. When the input signal drops below a certain threshold, the CD pin will be driven high, indicating that there is not a valid input signal. In order to enable automatic muting of the output of the GS2974A, the CD pin should be connected directly to the MUTE pin. In applications where programmable maximum cable length adjust is not required, the MCLADJ pin may be left unconnected. This feature has been designed for use in applications such as routers, where signal crosstalk and circuit noise cause the Equalizer to output erroneous data when no input signal is present. The use of a Carrier Detect function with a fixed internal reference GS2974A HD-LINX™ III Adaptive Cable Equalizer Data Sheet 42216 - 3 January 2009 10 of 16 does not solve this problem, since the signal to noise ratio on the circuit board could be significantly less than the default signal detection level set by the on chip reference. NOTE: MCLADJ is only recommended for data rates up to 360Mb/s. For data rates above this, MCLADJ should be left floating. 4.4 Mute and Carrier Detect The GS2974A includes a MUTE input pin that allows the application interface to mute the serial digital output at any time. Set the MUTE pin HIGH to mute SDO and SDO. In this case, the outputs will mute regardless of the setting of the BYPASS pin. A Carrier Detect output pin (CD) indicates the presence of a valid signal at the input of the GS2974A. When CD is LOW, the device has detected a valid input on SDI and SDI. When CD is HIGH, the device has not detected a valid input. NOTE: This pin may be connected directly to the CD pin to allow mute on loss of carrier. NOTE: CD will only detect loss of carrier for data rates greater than 19Mb/s. The CD output pin may be connected directly to the MUTE input pin to enable automatic muting of the GS2974A when no valid input signal has been detected. NOTE: If the maximum cable length is exceeded and the device is not in bypass mode the GS2974A will not assert the CD pin even if a carrier is present. Table 4-1: Mute Input Table Mute Function 0 SDO and SDO operate normally 1 SDO and SDO are forced to a steady state Table 4-2: CD Output Table CD Input Status 0 Valid Input on SDI, SDI pins 1 Input is not valid GS2974A HD-LINX™ III Adaptive Cable Equalizer Data Sheet 42216 - 3 January 2009 11 of 16 5. Application Information 5.1 PCB Layout Special attention must be paid to component layout when designing serial digital interfaces for HDTV. An FR-4 dielectric can be used, however, controlled impedance transmission lines are required for PCB traces longer than approximately 1cm. Note the following PCB artwork features used to optimize performance: • PCB trace width for HD rate signals is closely matched to SMT component width to minimize reflections due to change in trace impedance. • The PCB ground plane is removed under the GS2974A input components to minimize parasitic capacitance. • The PCB ground plane is removed under the GS2974A output components to minimize parasitic capacitance. • High speed traces are curved to minimize impedance changes. 5.2 Typical Application Circuit CD MUTE VCC VCC 13 VCC_D 1 MUTE 6.2n* 14 15 CD SDI VCC_A 16 10n VEE_D VEE_A 1u 2 SDO SDI 75 10n 12 + 4u7 SDO 11 GS2974A 5 6 7 MCLADJ VEE_A BYPASS 37R4 AGC 4 75 SDO SDI AGC 1u 3 VEE_D 10 + 9 SDO 4u7 8 MCLADJ 470n 470n BYPASS NOTE: All resistors in Ohms, capacitors in Farads, and inductors in Henrys, unless otherwise noted. * Value dependent on layout Figure 5-1: GS2974A Typical Application Circuit GS2974A HD-LINX™ III Adaptive Cable Equalizer Data Sheet 42216 - 3 January 2009 12 of 16 6. Package & Ordering Information 6.1 Package Dimensions A 2.76+/-0.10 0.40+/-0.05 4.00+/-0.05 DATUM A PIN 1 AREA 2X 2.76+/-0.10 4.00+/-0.05 B CENTER TAB DETAIL B 0.15 C DATUM B 0.15 C 2X 0.35+/-0.05 0.65 0.20 REF 16X 0.10 C C 0.10 CAB 0.05 C DATUM A OR B 16X 0.08 C SEATING PLANE 0.65/2 0.00-0.05 0.85+/-0.05 TERMINAL TIP 0.65 DETAIL B SCALE:NTS 6.2 Packaging Data Parameter Value Package Type 4mm x 4mm 16-pin QFN Package Drawing Reference JEDEC M0220 Moisture Sensitivity Level 3 Junction to Case Thermal Resistance, θj-c 31.0°C/W Junction to Air Thermal Resistance, θj-a (at zero airflow) 43.8°C/W Psi, ψ 11.0°C/W Pb-free and RoHS compliant Yes GS2974A HD-LINX™ III Adaptive Cable Equalizer Data Sheet 42216 - 3 January 2009 13 of 16 6.3 Recommended PCB Footprint 0.35 0.65 0.55 3.70 2.76 CENTER PAD NOTE: All dimensions are in millimeters. 2.76 3.70 The Center Pad should be connected to the most negative power supply plane for analog circuitry in the device (VEE_A) by a minimum of five vias. NOTE: Suggested dimensions only. Final dimensions should conform to customer design rules and process optimizations. 6.4 Marking Diagram Pin 1 ID GS2974A XXXXE3 YYWW GS2974A HD-LINX™ III Adaptive Cable Equalizer Data Sheet 42216 - 3 January 2009 XXXX - Lot/Work Order ID YYWW - Date Code YY - 2-digit year WW - 2-digit week number 14 of 16 6.5 Solder Reflow Profiles The device is manufactured with Matte-Sn terminations and is compatible with both standard eutectic and Pb-free solder reflow profiles. MSL qualification was performed using the maximum Pb-free reflow profile shown in Figure 6-1. The recommended standard Pb reflow profile is shown in Figure 6-2. Temperature 60-150 sec. 20-40 sec. 260°C 250°C 3°C/sec max 217°C 6°C/sec max 200°C 150°C 25°C Time 60-180 sec. max 8 min. max Figure 6-1: Maximum Pb-free Solder Reflow Profile (Preferred) 60-150 sec. Temperature 10-20 sec. 230°C 220°C 3°C/sec max 183°C 6°C/sec max 150°C 100°C 25°C Time 120 sec. max 6 min. max Figure 6-2: Standard Pb Solder Reflow Profile 6.6 Ordering Information Part Number Package Temperature Range GS2974A GS2974ACNE3 16-pin QFN 0°C to 70°C GS2974A GS2974ACTE3 16-pin QFN Tape & Reel (250pcs) 0°C to 70°C GS2974A GS2974ACNTE3Z 16-pin QFN Tape & Reel (2,500pcs) 0°C to 70°C GS2974A HD-LINX™ III Adaptive Cable Equalizer Data Sheet 42216 - 3 January 2009 15 of 16 DOCUMENT IDENTIFICATION CAUTION DATA SHEET ELECTROSTATIC SENSITIVE DEVICES The product is in production. Gennum reserves the right to make changes to the product at any time without notice to improve reliability, function or design, in order to provide the best product possible. DO NOT OPEN PACKAGES OR HANDLE EXCEPT AT A STATIC-FREE WORKSTATION GENNUM CORPORATION Mailing Address: P.O. Box 489, Station A, Burlington, Ontario L7R 3Y3 Canada Street Addresses: 4281 Harvester Road, Burlington, Ontario L7L 5M4 Canada Phone: +1 (905) 632-2996 Fax: +1 (905) 632-2055 Email: [email protected] www.gennum.com OTTAWA DESIGN CENTRE SNOWBUSH IP - A DIVISION OF GENNUM UNITED STATES - WESTERN REGION 232 Herzberg Road, Suite 101 Kanata, Ontario K2K 2A1 Canada 439 University Ave. Suite 1700 Toronto, Ontario M5G 1Y8 Canada Phone: +1 (613) 270-0458 Phone: +1 (416) 925-5643 Bayshore Plaza 2107 N 1st Street, Suite #300 San Jose, CA 95131 United States Fax: +1 (613) 270-0429 Fax: +1 (416) 925-0581 Phone: +1 (408) 392-9430 UNITED KINGDOM DESIGN CENTRE Web Site: http://www.snowbush.com Fax: +1 (408) 392-9404 North Building, Walden Court Parsonage Lane, Bishop’s Stortford Hertfordshire, CM23 6DB Great Britain AGUASCALLIENTES PHYSICAL DESIGN CENTER UNITED STATES - EASTERN REGION 4281 Harvester Road Burlington, Ontario L7L 5M4 Canada Phone: +44 (1279) 714170 Venustiano Carranza 122 Int. 1 Centro, Aguascalientes Mexico CP 20000 Fax: +44 (1279) 714171 Phone: +1 (416) 848-0328 Fax: +1 (905) 632-2055 JAPAN KK GERMANY TAIWAN Shinjuku Green Tower Building 27F 6-14-1, Nishi Shinjuku Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0023 Japan Niederlassung Deutschland Stefan-George-Ring 29 81929 München, Germany 6F-4, No.51, Sec.2, Keelung Rd. Sinyi District, Taipei City 11502 Taiwan R.O.C. Phone: +49 89 309040 290 Phone: (886) 2-8732-8879 Fax: +49 89 309040 293 Fax: (886) 2-8732-8870 Email: [email protected] KOREA Phone: +81 (03) 3349 5501 Fax: +81 (03) 3349 5505 Email: [email protected] Web Site: http://www.gennum.co.jp Phone: +1 (905) 632-2996 8F, Jinnex Lakeview Bldg. 65-2, Bangidong, Songpagu Seoul, Korea 138-828 Phone: +82-2-414-2991 Fax: +82-2-414-2998 Gennum Corporation assumes no liability for any errors or omissions in this document, or for the use of the circuits or devices described herein. The sale of the circuit or device described herein does not imply any patent license, and Gennum makes no representation that the circuit or device is free from patent infringement. All other trademarks mentioned are the properties of their respective owners. GENNUM and the Gennum logo are registered trademarks of Gennum Corporation. © Copyright 2006 Gennum Corporation. All rights reserved. Printed in Canada. www.gennum.com GS2974A HD-LINX™ III Adaptive Cable Equalizer Data Sheet 42216 - 3 January 2009 16 of 16 16