TI BQ27505YZGT-J4

bq27505-J4
www.ti.com
SLVSA40 – DECEMBER 2009
System-Side Impedance Track™ Fuel Gauge
1 INTRODUCTION
1.1
FEATURES
1.2
• Battery Fuel Gauge for 1-Series Li-Ion
Applications
• Resides on System Main Board
– Works With Embedded or Removable
Battery Packs
• Microcontroller Peripheral Provides:
– Accurate Battery Fuel Gauging
– Internal Temperature Sensor for Battery
Temperature Reporting
– Battery Low Interrupt Warning
– Battery Insertion Indicator
– Configurable Level of State of Charge (SOC)
Interrupts
– State of Health Indicator
– 96 Bytes of Non-Volatile Scratch-Pad FLASH
• Battery Fuel Gauge Based on Patented
Impedance Track™ Technology
– Models the Battery Discharge Curve for
Accurate Time-to-Empty Predictions
– Automatically Adjusts for Battery Aging,
Battery Self-Discharge, and
Temperature/Rate Inefficiencies
– Low-Value Sense Resistor (10 mΩ or Less)
• 400-kHz I2C™ Interface for Connection to
System Microcontroller Port
• In a 12-Pin NanoFree™ (CSP) Packaging
•
•
•
•
123
APPLICATIONS
Smartphones and PDAs
Digital Still and Video Cameras
Handheld Terminals
MP3 or Multimedia Players
1.3
DESCRIPTION
The
Texas
Instruments
bq27505-J4
system-side Li-Ion battery fuel gauge is a
microcontroller peripheral that provides fuel
gauging for single-cell Li-Ion battery packs.
The
device
requires
little
system
micro-controller firmware development. The
bq27505-J4 resides on the system’s main
board and manages an embedded battery
(nonremovable) or a removable battery pack.
The bq27505-J4 uses the patented Impedance
Track algorithm for fuel gauging, and provides
information such as remaining battery capacity
(mAh), state-of-charge (%), run-time to empty
(min), battery voltage (mV), temperature (°C)
and state of health(%).
Battery fuel gauging with the bq27505-J4
requires only PACK+ (P+), PACK– (P–), and
Thermistor (T) connections to a removable
battery pack or embedded battery circuit. The
CSP option is a 12-ball package in the
dimensions of 2.43mm × 1.96mm with 0.5mm
lead pitch. It is ideal for space constrained
applications.
Host System
LDO
Single Cell Li-lon
Battery Pack
VCC
Voltage
Sense
PACK+
PROTECTION
IC
Battery
Low
Power
Management
Controller
I2C
Temp
Sense
DATA
T
bq27505
PACK-
BAT_GD
FETs
CHG
DSG
Current
Sense
SOC_INT
Figure 1-1. Typical Application
1
2
3
Please be aware that an important notice concerning availability, standard warranty, and use in critical applications of Texas
Instruments semiconductor products and disclaimers thereto appears at the end of this data sheet.
Impedance Track, NanoFree are trademarks of Texas Instruments.
I2C is a trademark of Philips Electronics.
PRODUCTION DATA information is current as of publication date.
Products conform to specifications per the terms of the Texas
Instruments standard warranty. Production processing does not
necessarily include testing of all parameters.
Copyright © 2009, Texas Instruments Incorporated
bq27505-J4
SLVSA40 – DECEMBER 2009
1
2
3
.........................................
1.1
FEATURES ..........................................
1.2
APPLICATIONS ......................................
1.3
DESCRIPTION .......................................
DEVICE INFORMATION ................................
2.1
AVAILABLE OPTIONS ...............................
2.2
DISSIPATION RATINGS ............................
2.3
PIN ASSIGNMENT ..................................
ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS .....................
3.1
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS ..................
3.2
RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITIONS .....
3.3
POWER-ON RESET .................................
INTRODUCTION
1
1
1
3
3
3
3
4
4
3.5
HIGH-FREQUENCY OSCILLATOR
5
5
INTEGRATING ADC (COULOMB COUNTER)
CHARACTERISTICS ................................ 5
ADC (TEMPERATURE AND CELL
MEASUREMENT) CHARACTERISTICS ............ 6
3.8
3.9
3.10
3.11
5
4
5
INTERNAL TEMPERATURE SENSOR
CHARACTERISTICS ................................ 5
.................
LOW-FREQUENCY OSCILLATOR ..................
4
1
3.4
3.6
3.7
2
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DATA FLASH MEMORY CHARACTERISTICS ..... 6
400 kHz I2C-COMPATIBLE INTERFACE
COMMUNICATION TIMING CHARACTERISTICS
........................................................ 7
100 kHz I2C-COMPATIBLE INTERFACE
COMMUNICATION TIMING CHARACTERISTICS
........................................................ 7
6
7
8
............................. 8
.................................. 9
4.2
DATA FLASH INTERFACE ........................ 18
4.3
MANUFACTURER INFORMATION BLOCKS ...... 19
4.4
ACCESS MODES .................................. 19
4.5
SEALING/UNSEALING DATA FLASH ............. 19
4.6
DATA FLASH SUMMARY .......................... 20
FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION ........................ 22
5.1
FUEL GAUGING ................................... 22
5.2
IMPEDANCE TRACK™ VARIABLES .............. 23
5.3
DETAILED PIN DESCRIPTION .................... 25
5.4
TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENT ................ 28
5.5
OVERTEMPERATURE INDICATION .............. 29
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
4.1
DATA COMMANDS
5.6
CHARGING AND CHARGE-TERMINATION
INDICATION ........................................ 29
...................................
................................
5.9
AUTOCALIBRATION ...............................
APPLICATION-SPECIFIC INFORMATION .........
5.7
POWER MODES
29
5.8
POWER CONTROL
31
6.1
BATTERY PROFILE STORAGE AND SELECTION
6.2
APPLICATION-SPECIFIC FLOW AND CONTROL
......................................................
......................................................
...................................
2
7.1
I C INTERFACE ....................................
7.2
I2C Time Out ........................................
REFERENCE SCHEMATICS .........................
8.1
SCHEMATIC ........................................
COMMUNICATIONS
Contents
32
32
32
33
33
33
34
35
35
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SLVSA40 – DECEMBER 2009
2 DEVICE INFORMATION
2.1
AVAILABLE OPTIONS
PART NUMBER
FIRMWARE
VERSION
PACKAGE (1)
TA
COMMUNICATION FORMAT
2.24
CSP-12
–40°C to 85°C
I2C
bq27505YZGR-J4
bq27505YZGT-J4
(1)
TAPE & REEL QUANTITY
3000
250
For the most current package and ordering information, see the Package Option Addendum at the end of this document, or see the TI
website at www.ti.com.
2.2
DISSIPATION RATINGS
θJA = 89°C/W
YZG
(1)
(2)
(2)
POWER RATING
TA = 25°C
DERATING FACTOR
ABOVE (1) (2) TA = 25°C
θJB = 35°C/W
1.1 W
12 mW/°C
THERMAL RESISTANCE (1)
PACKAGE
Measured with high-K board.
Maximum power dissipation is a function of TJ(max), θJA and TA. The maximum allowable power dissipation at any allowable ambient
temperature is PD = (TJ(max) – TA)/ θJA.
2.3
PIN ASSIGNMENT
CSP-12
(BOTTOM VIEW)
CSP-12
(TOP VIEW)
A3
B3
C3
D3
D3
C3
B3
A3
A2
B2
C2
D2
D2
C2
B2
A2
A1
B1
C1
D1
D1
C1
B1
A1
Table 2-1. PIN FUNCTIONS
PIN
NAME
NO.
TYPE (1)
DESCRIPTION
SRP
A1
IA
Analog input pin connected to the internal coulomb counter where SRP is nearest the PACK– connection.
Connect to 5-mΩ to 20-mΩ sense resistor.
SRN
B1
IA
Analog input pin connected to the internal coulomb counter where SRN is nearest the Vss connection.
Connect to 5-mΩ to 20-mΩ sense resistor.
BAT_LOW
C1
O
Battery Low output indicator. Active high by default, though polarity can be configured through the
[BATL_POL] bit of Operation Configuration. Push-pull output.
Vss
D1
P
Device ground
/BAT_GD
A2
O
Battery-good indicator. Active-low by default, though polarity can be configured through the [BATG_POL] bit
of Operation Configuration. Push-pull output.
SOC_INT
B2
I/O
SOC state interrupts output. Generate a pulse under the conditions specified by Table 5-5. Open drain
output.
BAT
C2
I
Cell-voltage measurement input. ADC input. Recommend 4.8V maximum for conversion accuracy.
Vcc
D2
P
Processor power input. Decouple with minimum 0.1μF ceramic capacitor.
SDA
A3
I/O
SCL
B3
I
BI/TOUT
C3
I/O
(1)
Slave I2C serial communications data line for communication with system (Master). Open-drain I/O. Use with
10kΩ pull-up resistor (typical).
Slave I2C serial communications clock input line for communication with system (Master). Use with 10kΩ
pull-up resistor (typical).
Battery-insertion detection input. Power pin for pack thermistor network. Thermistor-multiplexer control pin.
Use with pull-up resistor >1MΩ (1.8 MΩ typical).
I/O = Digital input/output, IA = Analog input, P = Power connection
DEVICE INFORMATION
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PIN FUNCTIONS (continued)
PIN
NAME
TS
NO.
TYPE (1)
D3
IA
DESCRIPTION
Pack thermistor voltage sense (use 103AT-type thermistor). ADC input
3 ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS
3.1
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted) (1)
PARAMETER
VALUE
UNIT
–0.3 to 2.75
V
Open-drain I/O pins (SDA, SCL, SOC_INT)
–0.3 to 6
V
BAT input pin
–0.3 to 6
VCC
Supply voltage range
VIOD
VBAT
VI
Input voltage range to all other pins (BI/Tout, TS, SRP, SRN, /BAT_GD)
–0.3 to VCC + 0.3
Human-body model (HBM), BAT pin
ESD
V
1.5
Human-body model (HBM), all other pins
kV
2
TA
Operating free-air temperature range
–40 to 85
°C
TF
Functional temperature range
–40 to 100
°C
Storage temperature range
–65 to 150
°C
Tstg
(1)
Stresses beyond those listed under "absolute maximum ratings" may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings
only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under "recommended operating
conditions" is not implied. Exposure to absolute-maximum-rated conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
3.2
RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITIONS
TA = –40°C to 85°C; 2.4 V < VCC < 2.6 V; Typical values at TA = 25°C and VCC = 2.5 V (unless otherwise noted)
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
2.4
2.5
2.6
UNIT
VCC
Supply voltage
ICC
Normal operating-mode current
Fuel gauge in NORMAL mode.
ILOAD > Sleep Current
114
μA
ISLP+
Sleep+ operating mode current
Fuel gauge in SLEEP+ mode.
ILOAD < Sleep Current
58
μA
ISLP
Low-power storage-mode current
Fuel gauge in SLEEP mode.
ILOAD < Sleep Current
19
μA
IHIB
Hibernate operating-mode current
Fuel gauge in HIBERNATE mode.
ILOAD < Hibernate Current
4
μA
VOL
Output voltage, low (SCL, SDA,
SOC_INT, BAT_LOW)
IOL = 0.5 mA
VOH(PP)
Output voltage, high (BAT_LOW,
/BAT_GD)
IOH = –1 mA
VOH(OD)
Output voltage, high (SDA, SCL,
SOC_INT)
External pullup resistor connected to VCC
VIL
VIH(OD)
Input voltage, low (SDA, SCL)
Input voltage, low (BI/TOUT)
BAT INSERT CHECK MODE active
Input voltage, high (SDA, SCL)
Input voltage, high (BI/TOUT)
BAT INSERT CHECK MODE active
0.4
V
V
VCC – 0.5
V
VCC – 0.5
V
–0.3
0.6
–0.3
0.6
1.2
6
1.2
VCC + 0.3
V
VA1
Input voltage range (TS)
VSS – 0.125
2
V
VA2
Input voltage range (BAT)
VSS – 0.125
5
V
VA3
Input voltage range (SRP, SRN)
VSS – 0.125
0.125
V
Ilkg
Input leakage current (I/O pins)
tPUCD
Power-up communication delay
4
0.3
250
ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS
μA
ms
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3.3
SLVSA40 – DECEMBER 2009
POWER-ON RESET
TA = –40°C to 85°C, typical values at TA = 25°C and VBAT = 3.6 V (unless otherwise noted)
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS
VIT+
Positive-going battery voltage input at VCC
VHYS
Power-on reset hysteresis
3.4
MIN
TYP
MAX
2.09
2.20
2.31
UNIT
V
45
115
185
mV
INTERNAL TEMPERATURE SENSOR CHARACTERISTICS
TA = –40°C to 85°C, 2.4 V < VCC < 2.6 V; typical values at TA = 25°C and VCC = 2.5 V (unless otherwise noted)
PARAMETER
GTEMP
3.5
TEST CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
Temperature sensor voltage gain
MAX
UNIT
–2
mV/°C
HIGH-FREQUENCY OSCILLATOR
TA = –40°C to 85°C, 2.4 V < VCC < 2.6 V; typical values at TA = 25°C and VCC = 2.5 V (unless otherwise noted)
PARAMETER
fOSC
TEST CONDITIONS
MIN
Operating frequency
TA = 0°C to 60°C
Frequency error (1)
fEIO
MAX
UNIT
(2)
MHz
–2% 0.38%
2%
TA = –20°C to 70°C
–3% 0.38%
3%
TA = –40°C to 85°C
–4.5% 0.38%
4.5%
2.5
5
Start-up time (3)
tSXO
(1)
(2)
(3)
TYP
2.097
ms
The frequency error is measured from 2.097 MHz.
The frequency drift is included and measured from the trimmed frequency at VCC = 2.5 V, TA = 25°C.
The start-up time is defined as the time it takes for the oscillator output frequency to be within ±3% of typical oscillator frequency.
3.6
LOW-FREQUENCY OSCILLATOR
TA = –40°C to 85°C, 2.4 V < VCC < 2.6 V; typical values at TA = 25°C and VCC = 2.5 V (unless otherwise noted)
PARAMETER
fLOSC
MIN
Operating frequency
fLEIO
Frequency error (1)
tLSXO
Start-up time (3)
(1)
(2)
(3)
TEST CONDITIONS
(2)
TYP
MAX
UNIT
32.768
kHz
TA = 0°C to 60°C
–1.5%
0.25%
1.5%
TA = –20°C to 70°C
–2.5%
0.25%
2.5%
TA = –40°C to 85°C
–4%
0.25%
4.0%
μs
500
The frequency drift is included and measured from the trimmed frequency at VCC = 2.5 V, TA = 25°C.
The frequency error is measured from 32.768 kHz.
The start-up time is defined as the time it takes for the oscillator output frequency to be within ±3% of typical oscillator frequency.
3.7
INTEGRATING ADC (COULOMB COUNTER) CHARACTERISTICS
TA = –40°C to 85°C, 2.4 V < VCC < 2.6 V; typical values at TA = 25°C and VCC = 2.5 V (unless otherwise noted)
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS
VSR
Input voltage range, V(SRN) and V(SRP)
VSR = V(SRN) – V(SRP)
tSR_CONV
Conversion time
Single conversion
Resolution
VOS(SR)
Input offset
INL
Integral nonlinearity error
ZIN(SR)
Effective input resistance (1)
Ilkg(SR)
Input leakage current (1)
(1)
MIN
TYP
–0.125
MAX
UNIT
0.125
V
1
14
s
15
bits
μV
10
±0.007
±0.034
%FSR
2.5
MΩ
0.3
μA
Specified by design. Not tested in production.
ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS
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3.8
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ADC (TEMPERATURE AND CELL MEASUREMENT) CHARACTERISTICS
TA = –40°C to 85°C, 2.4 V < VCC < 2.6 V; typical values at TA = 25°C and VCC = 2.5 V (unless otherwise noted)
PARAMETER
VIN(ADC)
Input voltage range
tADC_CONV
Conversion time
TEST CONDITIONS
MIN
Resolution
VOS(ADC)
Input offset
ZADC1
Effective input resistance (TS) (1)
ZADC2
Effective input resistance (BAT) (1)
Ilkg(ADC)
Input leakage current (1)
TYP
3.9
UNIT
1
V
125
ms
15
bits
14
1
bq27505-J4 not measuring cell
voltage
mV
8
MΩ
8
MΩ
bq27505-J4 measuring cell voltage
(1)
MAX
–0.2
100
kΩ
μA
0.3
Specified by design. Not tested in production.
DATA FLASH MEMORY CHARACTERISTICS
TA = –40°C to 85°C, 2.4 V < VCC < 2.6 V; typical values at TA = 25°C and VCC = 2.5 V (unless otherwise noted)
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS
Data retention (1)
tDR
Word programming time (1)
ICCPROG
Flash-write supply current (1)
(1)
6
TYP
MAX
10
Flash-programming write cycles (1)
tWORDPROG
MIN
UNIT
Years
20,000
Cycles
5
2
ms
10
mA
Specified by design. Not production tested
ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS
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3.10
SLVSA40 – DECEMBER 2009
400 kHz I2C-COMPATIBLE INTERFACE COMMUNICATION TIMING
CHARACTERISTICS
TA = –40°C to 85°C, 2.4 V < VCC < 2.6 V; typical values at TA = 25°C and VCC = 2.5 V (unless otherwise noted)
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNIT
tr
SCL/SDA rise time
300
ns
tf
SCL/SDA fall time
300
ns
tw(H)
SCL pulse duration (high)
600
ns
tw(L)
SCL pulse duration (low)
1.3
μs
tsu(STA)
Setup for repeated start
600
ns
td(STA)
Start to first falling edge of SCL
600
ns
tsu(DAT)
Data setup time
100
ns
th(DAT)
Data hold time
0
ns
tsu(STOP)
Setup time for stop
600
ns
t(BUF)
Bus free time between stop and start
1.3
μs
fSCL
Clock frequency
3.11
400
kHz
MAX
UNIT
100 kHz I2C-COMPATIBLE INTERFACE COMMUNICATION TIMING
CHARACTERISTICS
TA = –40°C to 85°C, 2.4 V < VCC < 2.6 V; typical values at TA = 25°C and VCC = 2.5 V (unless otherwise noted)
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
tr
SCL/SDA rise time
tf
SCL/SDA fall time
1
tw(H)
SCL pulse duration (high)
tw(L)
tsu(STA)
td(STA)
Start to first falling edge of SCL
tsu(DAT)
Data setup time
th(DAT)
Data hold time
0
ns
tsu(STOP)
Setup time for stop
4
µs
t(BUF)
Bus free time between stop and start
4.7
μs
fSCL
Clock frequency
300
µs
ns
4
µs
SCL pulse duration (low)
4.7
μs
Setup for repeated start
4.7
µs
4
µs
250
ns
100
kHz
Figure 3-1. I2C-Compatible Interface Timing Diagrams
ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS
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4 GENERAL DESCRIPTION
The bq27505-J4 accurately predicts the battery capacity and other operational characteristics of a single
Li-based rechargeable cell. It can be interrogated by a system processor to provide cell information, such
as time-to-empty (TTE), time-to-full (TTF) and state-of-charge (SOC) as well as SOC interrupt signal to the
host,
Information is accessed through a series of commands, called Standard Commands. Further capabilities
are provided by the additional Extended Commands set. Both sets of commands, indicated by the general
format Command( ), are used to read and write information contained within the bq27505-J4 control and
status registers, as well as its data flash locations. Commands are sent from system to gauge using the
bq27505-J4’s I2C serial communications engine, and can be executed during application development,
pack manufacture, or end-equipment operation.
Cell information is stored in the bq27505-J4 in non-volatile flash memory. Many of these data flash
locations are accessible during application development. They cannot, generally, be accessed directly
during end-equipment operation. Access to these locations is achieved by either use of the bq27505-J4’s
companion evaluation software, through individual commands, or through a sequence of data-flash-access
commands. To access a desired data flash location, the correct data flash subclass and offset must be
known.
The bq27505-J4 provides two 32-byte user-programmable data flash memory blocks: Manufacturer Info
Block A and Manufacturer Info Block B. This data space is accessed through a data flash interface. For
specifics on accessing the data flash, see section MANUFACTURER INFORMATION BLOCKS.
The key to the bq27505-J4’s high-accuracy gas gauging prediction is Texas Instrument’s proprietary
Impedance Track™ algorithm. This algorithm uses cell measurements, characteristics, and properties to
create state-of-charge predictions that can achieve less than 1% error across a wide variety of operating
conditions and over the lifetime of the battery.
The bq27505-J4 measures charge/discharge activity by monitoring the voltage across a small-value series
sense resistor (5 mΩ to 20 mΩ typ.) located between the system’s Vss and the battery’s PACK- terminal.
When a cell is attached to the bq27505-J4, cell impedance is computed, based on cell current, cell
open-circuit voltage (OCV), and cell voltage under loading conditions.
The bq27505-J4 external temperature sensing is optimized with the use of a high accuracy negative
temperature coefficient (NTC) thermistor with R25 = 10.0 kΩ ±1%. B25/85 = 3435K ± 1% (such as Semitec
NTC 103AT). The bq27505-J4 can also be configured to use its internal temperature sensor. When an
external themistor is used, a 18.2k pull up resistor between BT/TOUT and TS pins is also required. The
bq27505-J4 uses temperature to monitor the battery-pack environment, which is used for fuel gauging and
cell protection functionality.
To minimize power consumption, the bq27505-J4 has different power modes: NORMAL, SLEEP,
SLEEP+, HIBERNATE, and BAT INSERT CHECK. The bq27505-J4 passes automatically between these
modes, depending upon the occurrence of specific events, though a system processor can initiate some of
these modes directly. More details can be found in section POWER MODES.
NOTE
FORMATTING CONVENTIONS IN THIS DOCUMENT:
Commands: italics with parentheses and no breaking spaces, e.g., RemainingCapacitY( ).
Data flash: italics, bold, and breaking spaces, e.g., Design Capacity
Register bits and flags: brackets and italics, e.g., [TDA]
Data flash bits: brackets, italics and bold, e.g., [LED1]
Modes and states: ALL CAPITALS, e.g., UNSEALED mode.
8
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
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4.1
SLVSA40 – DECEMBER 2009
DATA COMMANDS
4.1.1
STANDARD DATA COMMANDS
The bq27505-J4 uses a series of 2-byte standard commands to enable system reading and writing of
battery information. Each standard command has an associated command-code pair, as indicated in
Table 4-1. Because each command consists of two bytes of data, two consecutive I2C transmissions must
be executed both to initiate the command function, and to read or write the corresponding two bytes of
data. Additional options for transferring data, such as spooling, are described in Section of
Communication. Standard commands are accessible in NORMAL operation. Read/Write permissions
depend on the active access mode, SEALED or UNSEALED (for details on the SEALED and UNSEALED
states, refer to section ACCESS MODES.)
Table 4-1. Standard Commands
COMMAND CODE
UNITS
SEALED
ACCESS
UNSEALED
ACCESS
CNTL
0x00 / 0x01
N/A
R/W
R/W
NAME
Control( )
AtRate( )
AR
0x02 / 0x03
mA
R/W
R/W
AtRateTimeToEmpty( )
ARTTE
0x04 / 0x05
Minutes
R
R/W
Temperature( )
TEMP
0x06 / 0x07
0.1 K
R
R/W
Voltage( )
VOLT
0x08 / 0x09
mV
R
R/W
FLAGS
0x0a / 0x0b
N/A
R
R/W
NominalAvailableCapacity( )
NAC
0x0c / 0x0d
mAh
R
R/W
FullAvailableCapacity( )
FAC
0x0e / 0x0f
mAh
R
R/W
RemainingCapacity( )
RM
0x10 / 0x11
mAh
R
R/W
FullChargeCapacity( )
FCC
0x12 / 0x13
mAh
R
R/W
AI
0x14 / 0x15
mA
R
R/W
TimeToEmpty( )
TTE
0x16 / 0x17
Minutes
R
R/W
TimeToFull( )
TTF
0x18 / 0x19
Minutes
R
R/W
SI
0x1a / 0x1b
mA
R
R/W
STTE
0x1c / 0x1d
Minutes
R
R/W
MLI
0x1e / 0x1f
mA
R
R/W
MLTTE
0x20 / 0x21
Minutes
R
R/W
AE
0x22 / 0x23
mWh
R
R/W
Flags( )
AverageCurrent( )
StandbyCurrent( )
StandbyTimeToEmpty( )
MaxLoadCurrent( )
MaxLoadTimeToEmpty( )
AvailableEnergy( )
AveragePower( )
AP
0x24 / 0x25
mW
R
R/W
TTECP
0x26 / 0x27
Minutes
R
R/W
StateOfHealth()
SOH
0x28 / 0x29
% / num
R
R/W
StateOfCharge( )
SOC
0x2c / 0x2d
%
R
R/W
NormalizedImpedanceCal( )
NIC
0x2e / 0x2f
mohm
R
R/W
InstaneousCurrent Reading( )
ICR
0x30 / 0x31
mA
R
R/W
TTEatConstantPower( )
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
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Control( ): 0x00/0x01
Issuing a Control( ) command requires a subsequent 2-byte subcommand. These additional bytes specify
the particular control function desired. The Control( ) command allows the system to control specific
features of the bq27505-J4 during normal operation and additional features when the bq27505-J4 is in
different access modes, as described in Table 4-2.
Table 4-2. Control( ) Subcommands
CNTL
DATA
SEALED
ACCESS
CONTROL_STATUS
0x0000
Yes
Reports the status of DF checksum, hibernate, IT, etc.
DEVICE_TYPE
0x0001
Yes
Reports the device type (eg: bq27505-J4)
FW_VERSION
0x0002
Yes
Reports the firmware version on the device type
HW_VERSION
0x0003
Yes
Reports the hardware version of the device type
DF_CHECKSUM
0x0004
No
Enables a data flash checksum to be generated and reports on a read
PREV_MACWRITE
0x0007
No
Returns previous MAC command code
CHEM_ID
0x0008
Yes
Reports the chemical identifier of the Impedance Track™ configuration
BOARD_OFFSET
0x0009
No
Forces the device to measure and store the board offset
CC_INT_OFFSET
0x000a
No
Forces the device to measure the internal CC offset
WRITE_CC_OFFSET
0x000b
No
Forces the device to store the internal CC offset
OCV
0x000c
Yes
Request the gauge to take a OCV measurement
BAT_INSERT
0x000d
Yes
Forces the BAT_DET bit set when the [BIE] bit is 0
BAT_REMOVE
0x000e
Yes
Forces the BAT_DET bit clear when the [BIE] bit is 0
SET_HIBERNATE
0x0011
Yes
Forces CONTROL_STATUS [HIBERNATE] to 1
CLEAR_HIBERNATE
0x0012
Yes
Forces CONTROL_STATUS [HIBERNATE] to 0
SET_SLEEP+
0x0013
Yes
Forces CONTROL_STATUS [SNOOZE] to 1
CLEAR_SLEEP+
0x0014
Yes
Forces CONTROL_STATUS [SNOOZE] to 0
FACTORY_RESTORE
0x0015
No
Forces a Factory Restore of learned resistance and Qmax to defaults
SEALED
0x0020
No
Places the bq27505-J4 in SEALED access mode
IT_ENABLE
0x0021
No
Enables the Impedance Track™ algorithm
CAL_MODE
0x0040
No
Places the bq27505-J4 in calibration mode
RESET
0x0041
No
Forces a full reset of the bq27505-J4
CNTL FUNCTION
10
DESCRIPTION
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
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4.1.1.1.1 CONTROL_STATUS: 0x0000
Instructs the fuel gauge to return status information to control addresses 0x00/0x01. The status word
includes the following information.
Table 4-3. CONTROL_STATUS Bit Definitions
High byte
Low byte
bit7
–
INITCOMP
bit6
FAS
HIBERNATE
bit5
SS
SNOOZE
bit4
CSV
SLEEP
bit3
CCA
LDMD
bit2
BCA
RUP_DIS
bit1
OCVCMDCOMP
VOK
bit0
OCVFAIL
QEN
FAS = Status bit indicating the bq27505-J4 is in FULL ACCESS SEALED state. Active when set.
SS = Status bit indicating the bq27505-J4 is in SEALED state. Active when set.
CSV = Status bit indicating a valid data flash checksum has been generated. Active when set.
CCA = Status bit indicating the bq27505-J4 Coulomb Counter Calibration routine is active. The CCA routine will take place approximately 3
minutes and 45 seconds after the initialization. Active when set.
BCA = Status bit indicating the bq27505-J4 board calibration routine is active. Active when set.
OCVCMDCOMP = Status bit indicating the bq27505-J4 has executed the OCV command. This bit can only be set with battery’s presence.
True when set.
OCVFAIL = Status bit indicating bq27505-J4 OCV reading is failed due to the current. True when set.
INITCOMP = Initialization completion bit indicating the initialization completed. True when set.
HIBERNATE = Status bit indicating a request for entry into HIBERNATE from SLEEP mode has been issued. True when set. Default is 0.
SNOOZE = Status bit indicating the bq27505-J4 SLEEP+ mode is enabled. True when set.
SLEEP = Status bit indicating the bq27505-J4 is in SLEEP mode. True when set.
LDMD = Status bit indicating the bq27505-J4 Impedance Track™ algorithm is using constant-power mode. True when set. Default is 0
(constant-current mode).
RUP_DIS = Status bit indicating the bq27505-J4 Ra table updates are disabled. Updates disabled when set.
VOK = Status bit indicating the bq27505-J4 voltages are okay for Qmax updates. True when set.
QEN = Status bit indicating the bq27505-J4 Qmax updates are enabled. True when set.
4.1.1.1.2 DEVICE_TYPE: 0x0001
Instructs the fuel gauge to return the device type to addresses 0x00/0x01.
4.1.1.1.3 FW_VERSION: 0x0002
Instructs the fuel gauge to return the firmware version to addresses 0x00/0x01.
4.1.1.1.4 HW_VERSION: 0x0003
Instructs the fuel gauge to return the hardware version to addresses 0x00/0x01.
4.1.1.1.5
DF_CHECKSUM: 0x0004
Instructs the fuel gauge to compute the checksum of the data flash memory. The checksum value is
written and returned to addresses 0x00/0x01 (UNSEALED mode only). The checksum will not be
calculated in SEALED mode; however, the checksum value can still be read.
4.1.1.1.6 PREV_MACWRITE: 0x0007
Instructs the fuel gauge to return the previous command written to addresses 0x00/0x01.
4.1.1.1.7 CHEM_ID: 0x0008
Instructs the fuel gauge to return the chemical identifier for the Impedance Track™ configuration to
addresses 0x00/0x01.
4.1.1.1.8 BOARD_OFFSET: 0X0009
Instructs the fuel gauge to compute the coulomb counter offset with internal short and then without internal
short applied across the sensing resistor (SR) inputs. The difference between the two measurements is
the board offset. After a delay of approximately 32 seconds, this offset value is returned to addresses
0x00/0x01 and written to data flash. The CONROL STATUS [BCA] is also set. The user must prevent any
charge or discharge current from flowing during the process. This function is only available when the fuel
gauge is UNSEALED. When SEALED, this command only reads back the board-offset value stored in
data flash.
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
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4.1.1.1.9 CC_INT_OFFSET: 0X000A
Control data of 0x000a instructs the fuel gauge to compute the coulomb counter offset with internal short
applied across the SR inputs. The offset value is returned to addresses 0x00/0x01, after a delay of
approximately 16 seconds. This function is only available when the fuel gauge is UNSEALED. When
SEALED, this command only reads back the CC_INT_OFFSET value stored in data flash.
4.1.1.1.10 WRITE_OFFSET: 0X000B
Control data of 0x000b causes the fuel gauge to write the coulomb counter offset to data flash.
4.1.1.1.11 OCV CMD: 0X000C
This command is to request the gauge to take a OCV reading. This command can only be issued after the
[INICOMP] has been set, indicating the initialization has been completed. The OCV measurement take
place at the beginning of the next repeated 1s firmware synchronization clock. The measurement takes
about 183ms. During the same time period, the SOC_INT will be negated. The host should use this signal
to reduce the load current below the C/20 in 8ms to ensure a valid OCV reading.
4.1.1.1.12 BAT_INSERT: 0X000D
This command is to force the BAT_DET bit to be set when the battery insertion detection is disabled.
When the BIE is set to 0, the battery insertion detection is disabled. The gauge relies on the host to inform
the battery insertion with this command to set the BAT_DET bit.
4.1.1.1.13 BAT_REMOVE: 0X000E
This command is to force the BAT_DET bit to be clear when the battery insertion detection is disabled.
When the BIE is set to 0, the battery insertion detection is disabled. The gauge relies on the host to inform
the battery removal with this command to clear the BAT_DET bit.
4.1.1.1.14 SET_HIBERNATE: 0x0011
Instructs the fuel gauge to force the CONTROL_STATUS [HIBERNATE] bit to 1. This will allow the gauge
to enter the HIBERNATE power mode after the transition to SLEEP power state is detected. The
[HIBERNATE] bit is automatically cleared upon exiting from HIBERNATE mode.
4.1.1.1.15 CLEAR_HIBERNATE: 0x0012
Instructs the fuel gauge to force the CONTROL_STATUS [HIBERNATE] bit to 0. This prevents the gauge
from entering the HIBERNATE power mode after the transition to the SLEEP power state is detected. It
can also be used to force the gauge out of HIBERNATE mode.
4.1.1.1.16 ENABLE SLEEP+ MODE: 0X0013
Instructs the fuel gauge to set the CONTROL_STATUS [SNOOZE] bit to 1. This will enable the SLEEP+
mode. The gauge will enter SLEEP+ power mode after the transition conditions are meet.
4.1.1.1.17 DISABLE SLEEP+ MODE: 0X0014
Instructs the fuel gauge to set the CONTROL_STATUS [SNOOZE] bit to 0. This will disable the SLEEP+
mode. The gauge will exit from the SLEEP+ power mode after the SNOOZ bit is cleared.
4.1.1.1.18 FACTORY RESTORE: 0X0015
Instructs the fuel gauge to reset learned resistance tables and Qmax values to the default values.
SOC_INT is asserted while the restore is in progress. If gauge is sealed, the restore unsealed code must
be sent before the factory restore command.
12
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4.1.1.1.19 SEALED: 0x0020
Instructs the fuel gauge to transition from the UNSEALED state to the SEALED state. The fuel gauge must
always be set to the SEALED state for use in end equipment.
4.1.1.1.20 IT_ENABLE: 0x0021
This command forces the fuel gauge to begin the Impedance Track™ algorithm, sets the active
UpdateStatus n location to 0x01 and causes the [VOK] and [QEN] flags to be set in the
CONTROL_STATUS register. [VOK] is cleared if the voltages are not suitable for a Qmax update. Once
set, [QEN] cannot be cleared. This command is only available when the fuel gauge is UNSEALED.
4.1.1.1.21 CAL_MODE: 0X0040
This command instructs the fuel gauge to enter calibration mode. This command is only available when
the fuel gauge is UNSEALED.
4.1.1.1.22 RESET: 0x0041
This command instructs the fuel gauge to perform a full reset. This command is only available when the
fuel gauge is UNSEALED.
4.1.1.2
AtRate( ): 0x02/0x03
The AtRate( ) read-/write-word function is the first half of a two-function command set used to set the
AtRate value used in calculations made by the AtRateTimeToEmpty( ) function. The AtRate( ) units are in
mA.
The AtRate( ) value is a signed integer, with negative values interpreted as a discharge current value. The
AtRateTimeToEmpty( ) function returns the predicted operating time at the AtRate value of discharge. The
default value for AtRate( ) is zero and forces AtRateTimeToEmpty( ) to return 65,535. Both the AtRate( )
and AtRateTimeToEmpty( ) commands must only be used in NORMAL mode.
4.1.1.3
AtRateTimeToEmpty( ): 0x04/0x05
This read-word function returns an unsigned integer value of the predicted remaining operating time if the
battery is discharged at the AtRate( ) value in minutes with a range of 0 to 65,534. A value of 65,535
indicates AtRate( ) = 0. The fuel gauge updates AtRateTimeToEmpty( ) within 1s after the system sets the
AtRate( ) value. The fuel gauge automatically updates AtRateTimeToEmpty( ) based on the AtRate( )
value every 1s. Both the AtRate( ) and AtRateTimeToEmpty( ) commands must only be used in NORMAL
mode.
4.1.1.4
Temperature( ): 0x06/0x07
This read-only function returns an unsigned integer value of the temperature in units of 0.1K measured by
the fuel gauge.
4.1.1.5
Voltage( ): 0x08/0x09
This read-word function returns an unsigned integer value of the measured cell-pack voltage in mV with a
range of 0 to 6000 mV.
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
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Flags( ): 0x0a/0x0b
This read-word function returns the contents of the fuel-gauge status register, depicting the current
operating status.
Table 4-4. Flags Bit Definitions
High byte
Low byte
bit7
OTC
–
bit6
OTD
–
bit5
–
OCV_GD
bit4
–
WAIT_ID
bit3
CHG_INH
BAT_DET
bit2
XCHG
SOC1
bit1
FC
SYSDOWN
bit0
CHG
DSG
OTC = Overtemperature in charge condition is detected. True when set.
OTD = Overtemperature in discharge condition is detected. True when set.
CHG_INH = Charge inhibit: unable to begin charging (temperature outside the range [Charge Inhibit Temp Low, Charge Inhibit Temp
High]). True when set.
XCHG = Charge suspend alert (temp outside the range [Suspend Temperature Low, Suspend Temperature High]). True when set.
FC = Full-charged condition reached. Set when charge termination condition is met. (RMFCC=1; Set FC_Set % = –1% when RMFCC = 0).
True when set
CHG = (Fast) charging allowed. True when set.
OCV_GD = Good OCV measurement taken. True when set.
WAIT_ID = Waiting to identify inserted battery. True when set.
BAT_DET = Battery detected. True when set.
SOC1 = State-of-Charge-Threshold 1 (SOC1 Set) reached. True when set.
SysDown = SystemDown bit indicating the system shut down. True when set
DSG = Discharging detected. True when set.
4.1.1.7
NominalAvailableCapacity( ): 0x0c/0x0d
This read-only command pair returns the uncompensated (less than C/20 load) battery capacity
remaining. Units are mAh.
4.1.1.8
FullAvailableCapacity( ): 0x0e/0x0f
This read-only command pair returns the uncompensated (less than C/20 load) capacity of the battery
when fully charged. Units are mAh. FullAvailableCapacity( ) is updated at regular intervals, as specified by
the IT algorithm.
4.1.1.9
RemainingCapacity( ): 0x10/0x11
This read-only command pair returns the compensated battery capacity remaining. Units are mAh.
4.1.1.10
FullChargeCapacity( ): 0x12/13
This read-only command pair returns the compensated capacity of the battery when fully charged. Units
are mAh. FullChargeCapacity( ) is updated at regular intervals, as specified by the IT algorithm.
4.1.1.11
AverageCurrent( ): 0x14/0x15
This read-only command pair returns a signed integer value that is the average current flow through the
sense resistor. It is updated every 1 second. Units are mA.
4.1.1.12
TimeToEmpty( ): 0x16/0x17
This read-only function returns an unsigned integer value of the predicted remaining battery life at the
present rate of discharge, in minutes. A value of 65,535 indicates battery is not being discharged.
4.1.1.13
TimeToFull( ): 0x18/0x19
This read-only function returns an unsigned integer value of predicted remaining time until the battery
reaches full charge, in minutes, based upon AverageCurrent( ). The computation accounts for the taper
current time extension from the linear TTF computation based on a fixed AverageCurrent( ) rate of charge
accumulation. A value of 65,535 indicates the battery is not being charged.
14
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4.1.1.14
SLVSA40 – DECEMBER 2009
StandbyCurrent( ): 0x1a/0x1b
This read-only function returns a signed integer value of the measured standby current through the sense
resistor. The StandbyCurrent( ) is an adaptive measurement. Initially it reports the standby current
programmed in Initial Standby, and after spending several seconds in standby, reports the measured
standby current.
The register value is updated every 1 second when the measured current is above the Deadband and is
less than or equal to 2 × Initial Standby. The first and last values that meet this criteria are not averaged
in, since they may not be stable values. To approximate a 1 minute time constant, each new
StandbyCurrent( ) value is computed by taking approximate 93% weight of the last standby current and
approximate 7% of the current measured average current.
4.1.1.15
StandbyTimeToEmpty( ): 0x1c/0x1d
This read-only function returns an unsigned integer value of the predicted remaining battery life at the
standby rate of discharge, in minutes. The computation uses Nominal Available Capacity (NAC), the
uncompensated remaining capacity, for this computation. A value of 65,535 indicates battery is not being
discharged.
4.1.1.16
MaxLoadCurrent( ): 0x1e/0x1f
This read-only function returns a signed integer value, in units of mA, of the maximum load conditions.The
MaxLoadCurrent( ) is an adaptive measurement which is initially reported as the maximum load current
programmed in Initial Max Load Current. If the measured current is ever greater than Initial Max Load
Current, then MaxLoadCurrent( ) updates to the new current. MaxLoadCurrent( ) is reduced to the
average of the previous value and Initial Max Load Current whenever the battery is charged to full after
a previous discharge to an SOC less than 50%. This prevents the reported value from maintaining an
unusually high value.
4.1.1.17
MaxLoadTimeToEmpty( ): 0x20/0x21
This read-only function returns an unsigned integer value of the predicted remaining battery life at the
maximum load current discharge rate, in minutes. A value of 65,535 indicates that the battery is not being
discharged.
4.1.1.18
AvailableEnergy( ): 0x22/0x23
This read-only function returns an unsigned integer value of the predicted charge or energy remaining in
the battery. The value is reported in units of mWh.
4.1.1.19
AveragePower( ): 0x24/0x25
This read-only function returns an signed integer value of the average power of the current discharge. A
value of 0 indicates that the battery is not being discharged. The value is reported in units of mW.
4.1.1.20
TimeToEmptyAtConstantPower( ): 0x26/0x27
This read-only function returns an unsigned integer value of the predicted remaining operating time if the
battery is discharged at the AveragePower( ) value in minutes. A value of 65,535 indicates
AveragePower( ) = 0. The fuel gauge automatically updates TimeToEmptyatContantPower( ) based on the
AveragePower( ) value every 1 s.
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
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4.1.1.21 StateofHealth( ): 0x28/0x29
0x28 SOH percentage: this read-only function returns an unsigned integer value, expressed as a
percentage of the ration of predicted FCC(25°C, SOH current rate) over the DesignCapacity(). The
FCC(25°C, SOH curent rate) is the calculated full charge capacity at 25°C and the SOH current rate is
specified in the data flash. The range of the returned SOH percentage is 0x00 to 0x64, indicating 0 to
100% correspondingly.
0x29 SOH Status: this read-only function returns an unsigned integer value, indicating the status of the
SOH percentage. The meanings of the returned value are:
• 0x00: SOH not valid (initialization)
• 0x01: Instant SOH value ready
• 0x02: Initial SOH value ready
– Calculation based on uncompensated Qmax
– Updated at first grid point update after cell insertion
• 0x03: SOH value ready
– Utilize the updated Qmax update
– Calculation based on compensated Qmax
– Updated after complete charge and relax is complete
• 0x04-0xFF: Reserved
4.1.1.22
StateOfCharge( ): 0x2c/0x2d
This read-only function returns an unsigned integer value of the predicted remaining battery capacity
expressed as a percentage of FullChargeCapacity( ), with a range of 0 to 100%.
4.1.1.23 NormalizedImpedanceCal( ): 0x2e/0x2f
This read-only function returns an unsigned integer value of the calculated normalized impedance to 0°C
at the current Depth of Discharge, with the unit of mΩ.
4.1.1.24 InstaneousCurrent Reading( ) 0x30/0x31
This read-only function returns a signed integer value that is the instantaneous current flow through the
sense resistor. The conversion time is 125ms. It is updated every 1 second. Units are mA.
4.1.2
EXTENDED DATA COMMANDS
Extended commands offer additional functionality beyond the standard set of commands. They are used in
the same manner; however, unlike standard commands, extended commands are not limited to 2-byte
words. The number of commands bytes for a given extended command ranges in size from single to
multiple bytes, as specified in Table 4-5.
Table 4-5. Extended Data Commands
COMMAND
CODE
UNITS
SEALED
ACCESS (1) (2)
UNSEALED
ACCESS (1) (2)
RSVD
0x34...0x3b
N/A
R
R
DesignCapacity( )
DCAP
0x3c / 0x3d
mAh
R
R
DataFlashClass( ) (2)
DFCLS
0x3e
N/A
N/A
R/W
DataFlashBlock( ) (2)
DFBLK
0x3f
N/A
R/W
R/W
NAME
Reserved
Authenticate( )/BlockData( )
AuthenticateCheckSum( )/BlockData( )
BlockData( )
(1)
(2)
16
A/DF
0x40…0x53
N/A
R/W
R/W
ACKS/DFD
0x54
N/A
R/W
R/W
DFD
0x40…0x5f
N/A
R
R/W
SEALED and UNSEALED states are entered via commands to Control() 0x00/0x01.
In sealed mode, data flash CANNOT be accessed through commands 0x3e and 0x3f.
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
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Extended Data Commands (continued)
NAME
COMMAND
CODE
UNITS
SEALED
ACCESS (1) (2)
UNSEALED
ACCESS (1) (2)
BlockDataCheckSum( )
DFDCKS
0x60
N/A
R/W
R/W
BlockDataControl( )
DFDCNTL
0x61
N/A
N/A
R/W
DNAMELEN
0x62
N/A
R
R
DNAME
0x63...0x69
N/A
R
R
APPSTAT
0x6a
N/A
R
R
RSVD
0x6b...0x7f
N/A
R
R
DeviceNameLength( )
DeviceName( )
ApplicationStatus( )
Reserved
4.1.2.1
DesignCapacity( ): 0x3c/0x3d
SEALED and UNSEALED Access: This command returns the value is stored in Design Capacity and is
expressed in mAh. This is intended to be the theoretical or nominal capacity of a new pack, but has no
bearing on the operation of the fuel gauge functionality.
4.1.2.2
DataFlashClass( ): 0x3e
UNSEALED Access: This command sets the data flash class to be accessed. The class to be accessed
must be entered in hexadecimal.
SEALED Access: This command is not available in SEALED mode.
4.1.2.3
DataFlashBlock( ): 0x3f
UNSEALED Access: This command sets the data flash block to be accessed. When 0x00 is written to
BlockDataControl( ), DataFlashBlock( ) holds the block number of the data flash to be read or written.
Example: writing a 0x00 to DataFlashBlock( ) specifies access to the first 32-byte block, a 0x01 specifies
access to the second 32-byte block, and so on.
SEALED Access: This command directs which data flash block is accessed by the BlockData( )
command. Writing a 0x00 to DataFlashBlock( ) specifies that the BlockData( ) command transfers
authentication data. Issuing a 0x01 or 0x02 instructs the BlockData( ) command to transfer Manufacturer
Info Block A or B, respectively.
4.1.2.4
BlockData( ): 0x40…0x5f
UNSEALED Access: This data block is the remainder of the 32 byte data block when accessing data
flash.
SEALED Access: This data block is the remainder of the 32 byte data block when accessing
Manufacturer Block Info A or B.
4.1.2.5
BlockDataChecksum( ): 0x60
UNSEALED Access: This byte contains the checksum on the 32 bytes of block data read or written to
data flash. The least-significant byte of the sum of the data bytes written must be complemented
([255 – x], for x the least-significant byte) before being written to 0x60.
SEALED Access: This byte contains the checksum for the 32 bytes of block data written to Manufacturer
Info Block A or B. The least-significant byte of the sum of the data bytes written must be complemented
([255 – x], for x the least-significant byte) before being written to 0x60.
4.1.2.6
BlockDataControl( ): 0x61
UNSEALED Access: This command is used to control data flash access mode. Writing 0x00 to this
command enables BlockData( ) to access general data flash. Writing a 0x01 to this command enables
SEALED mode operation of DataFlashBlock( ).
SEALED Access: This command is not available in SEALED mode.
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
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DeviceNameLength( ): 0x62
UNSEALED and SEALED Access: This byte contains the length of the Device Name.
4.1.2.8
DeviceName( ): 0x63…0x69
UNSEALED and SEALED Access: This block contains the device name that is programmed in Device
Name.
4.1.2.9
ApplicationStatus( ): 0x6a
This byte function allows the system to read the bq27505-J4 Application Status data flash location. See
Table 6-1 for specific bit definitions.
4.1.2.10 Reserved — 0x6b–0x7f
4.2
4.2.1
DATA FLASH INTERFACE
ACCESSING THE DATA FLASH
The bq27505-J4 data flash is a non-volatile memory that contains bq27505-J4 initialization, default, cell
status, calibration, configuration, and user information. The data flash can be accessed in several different
ways, depending on what mode the bq27505-J4 is operating in and what data is being accessed.
Commonly accessed data flash memory locations, frequently read by a system, are conveniently
accessed through specific instructions, already described in section DATA COMMANDS. These
commands are available when the bq27505-J4 is either in UNSEALED or SEALED modes.
Most data flash locations, however, are only accessible in UNSEALED mode by use of the bq27505-J4
evaluation software or by data flash block transfers. These locations should be optimized and/or fixed
during the development and manufacture processes. They become part of a golden image file and can
then be written to multiple battery packs. Once established, the values generally remain unchanged during
end-equipment operation.
To access data flash locations individually, the block containing the desired data flash location(s) must be
transferred to the command register locations, where they can be read to the system or changed directly.
This is accomplished by sending the set-up command BlockDataControl( ) (0x61) with data 0x00. Up to 32
bytes of data can be read directly from the BlockData( ) (0x40…0x5f), externally altered, then rewritten to
the BlockData( ) command space. Alternatively, specific locations can be read, altered, and rewritten if
their corresponding offsets are used to index into the BlockData( ) command space. Finally, the data
residing in the command space is transferred to data flash, once the correct checksum for the whole block
is written to BlockDataChecksum( ) (0x60).
Occasionally, a data flash CLASS will be larger than the 32-byte block size. In this case, the
DataFlashBlock( ) command is used to designate which 32-byte block the desired locations reside in. The
correct command address is then given by 0x40 + offset modulo 32. For example, to access Terminate
Voltage in the Gas Gauging class, DataFlashClass( ) is issued 80 (0x50) to set the class. Because the
offset is 48, it must reside in the second 32-byte block. Hence, DataFlashBlock( ) is issued 0x01 to set the
block offset, and the offset used to index into the BlockData( ) memory area is 0x40 + 48 modulo 32 =
0x40 + 16 = 0x40 + 0x10 = 0x50.
Reading and writing subclass data are block operations up to 32 bytes in length. If during a write the data
length exceeds the maximum block size, then the data is ignored.
None of the data written to memory are bounded by the bq27505-J4 – the values are not rejected by the
fuel gauge. Writing an incorrect value may result in hardware failure due to firmware program
interpretation of the invalid data. The written data is persistent, so a power-on reset does resolve the fault.
18
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
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4.3
SLVSA40 – DECEMBER 2009
MANUFACTURER INFORMATION BLOCKS
The bq27505-J4 contains two 32-bytes of user programmable data flash storage: Manufacturer Info
Block A, and Manufacturer Info Block B. The method for accessing these memory locations is slightly
different, depending on whether the device is in UNSEALED or SEALED modes.
When in UNSEALED mode and when and 0x00 has been written to BlockDataControl( ), accessing the
manufacturer information blocks is identical to accessing general data flash locations. First, a
DataFlashClass( ) command is used to set the subclass, then a DataFlashBlock( ) command sets the
offset for the first data flash address within the subclass. The BlockData( ) command codes contain the
referenced data flash data. When writing the data flash, a checksum is expected to be received by
BlockDataChecksum( ). Only when the checksum is received and verified is the data actually written to
data flash.
As an example, the data flash location for Manufacturer Info Block B is defined as having a Subclass =
58 and an Offset = 32 through 63 (32 byte block). The specification of Class = System Data is not needed
to address Manufacturer Info Block B, but is used instead for grouping purposes when viewing data
flash info in the bq27505-J4 evaluation software.
When in SEALED mode or when 0x01 BlockDataControl( ) does not contain 0x00, data flash is no longer
available in the manner used in UNSEALED mode. Rather than issuing subclass information, a
designated Manufacturer Information Block is selected with the DataFlashBlock( ) command. Issuing a
0x01 or 0x02 with this command causes the corresponding information block (A or B, respectively) to be
transferred to the command space 0x40…0x5f for editing or reading by the system. Upon successful
writing of checksum information to BlockDataChecksum( ), the modified block is returned to data flash.
Note: Manufacturer Info Block A is read-only when in SEALED mode.
4.4
ACCESS MODES
The bq27505-J4 provides three security modes (FULL ACCESS, UNSEALED, and SEALED) that control
data flash access permissions, according to Table 4-6. Data Flash refers to those data flash locations,
specified in Table 4-7, that are accessible to the user. Manufacture Information refers to the three 32-byte
blocks.
Table 4-6. Data Flash Access
Security Mode
Data Flash
Manufacture Information
FULL ACCESS
R/W
R/W
UNSEALED
R/W
R/W
SEALED
None
R(A); R/W(B)
Although FULL ACCESS and UNSEALED modes appear identical, only FULL ACCESS allows the
bq27505-J4 to write access-mode transition keys.
4.5
SEALING/UNSEALING DATA FLASH
The bq27505-J4 implements a key-access scheme to transition between SEALED, UNSEALED, and
FULL-ACCESS modes. Each transition requires that a unique set of two keys be sent to the bq27505-J4
via the Control( ) control command. The keys must be sent consecutively, with no other data being written
to the Control( ) register in between. Note that to avoid conflict, the keys must be different from the codes
presented in the CNTL DATA column of Table 4-2.
When in SEALED mode, the CONTROL_STATUS [SS] bit is set, but when the UNSEAL keys are
correctly received by the bq27505-J4, the [SS] bit is cleared. When the full-access keys are correctly
received, then the CONTROL_STATUS [FAS] bit is cleared.
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
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Both the sets of keys for each level are 2 bytes each in length and are stored in data flash. The UNSEAL
key (stored at Unseal Key 0 and Unseal Key 1) and the FULL-ACCESS key (stored at Full-Access Key
0 and Full-Access Key 1) can only be updated when in FULL-ACCESS mode. The order of the keys is
Key 1 followed by Key 0. The order of the bytes entered through the Control( ) command is the reverse of
what is read from the part. For example, if the Key 1 and Key 0 of the Unseal Keys returns 0x1234 and
0x5678, then the Control( ) should supply 0x3412 and 0x7856 to unseal the part.
4.6
DATA FLASH SUMMARY
Table 4-7 summarizes the data flash locations available to the user, including their default, minimum, and
maximum values.
Table 4-7. Data Flash Summary
(1)
20
Class
Subclass
ID
Subclass
Offset
Data Type
Min
Value
Max
Value
Default
Value
Units
Configuration
2
Safety
0
Configuration
2
Safety
2
OT Chg
I2
0
1200
550
0.1°C
OT Chg Time
U1
0
60
2
Configuration
2
Safety
s
3
OT Chg Recovery
I2
0
1200
500
0.1°C
Configuration
2
Configuration
2
Safety
5
OT Dsg
I2
0
1200
600
0.1°C
Safety
7
OT Dsg Time
U1
0
60
2
Configuration
s
2
Safety
8
OT Dsg Recovery
I2
0
1200
550
0.1°C
Configuration
32
Charge Inhibit
Temp Low
0
Charge Inhibit Temp Low
I2
–400
1200
0
0.1°C
Configuration
32
Charge Inhibit
Temp High
2
Charge Inhibit Temp High
I2
–400
1200
450
0.1°C
Configuration
32
Temp Hysteresis
4
Temp Hys
I2
0
100
50
0.1°C
Configuration
34
Charge
2
Charging Voltage
I2
0
4600
4200
mV
Configuration
34
Charge
4
Delta Temp
I2
0
500
50
0.1°C
Configuration
34
Charge
6
Suspend Low Temp
I2
–400
1200
-50
0.1°C
Configuration
34
Charge
8
Suspend High Temp
I2
–400
1200
550
0.1°C
Configuration
36
Charge
Termination
2
Taper Current
I2
0
1000
100
mA
Configuration
36
Charge
Termination
4
Minimum Taper Charge
I2
0
1000
25
0.01mAh
Configuration
36
Charge
Termination
6
Taper Voltage
I2
0
1000
100
mV
Configuration
36
Charge
Termination
8
Current Taper Window
U1
0
60
40
s
Configuration
36
Charge
Termination
11
FC Set %
I1
–1
100
100
%
Configuration
36
Charge
Termination
12
FC Clear %
I1
–1
100
98
%
Configuration
48
Data
4
Initial Standby Current
I1
–256
0
–10
mA
Configuration
48
Data
5
Initial Max Load Current
I2
–32,767
0
–500
mA
Configuration
48
Data
7
CC Threshold
I2
100
32,767
900
mAh
Configuration
48
Data
10
Design Capacity
I2
0
65,535
1000
mAh
Configuration
48
Data
12
SOH Load
I2
–32,767
0
–400
mA
Configuration
48
Data
14
Default Temp
I2
0
1000
25 (1)
0.1°C
Configuration
48
Data
16
Device name
S8
x
x
bq27505-J4
–
Configuration
49
Discharge
0
SOC1 Set Threshold
U1
0
255
150
mAh
Configuration
49
Discharge
1
SOC1 Clear Threshold
U1
0
255
175
mAh
Configuration
49
Discharge
5
SysDown Set Volt Threshold
I2
0
4200
3150
mV
Configuration
49
Discharge
7
SysDown Set Volt Time
U1
0
60
2
s
Configuration
49
Discharge
8
SysDown Clear Volt Threshold
I2
0
4200
3400
mV
Configuration
49
Discharge
15
Final Voltage
U2
0
4200
3000
mV
Configuration
49
Discharge
17
Def Cell 0 DOD at EOC
I2
0
16384
0
Num
Configuration
49
Discharge
19
Def Cell 1 DOD at EOC
I2
0
16384
0
Num
Name
Display as the value EVSW displayed. Data Flash value is different.
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
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SLVSA40 – DECEMBER 2009
Data Flash Summary (continued)
Class
Subclass
ID
Subclass
Offset
Data Type
Min
Value
Max
Value
Configuration
49
Discharge
21
Configuration
49
Discharge
23
Def Avg I Last Run
I2
–32768
32767
–299
mA
Def Avg P Last Run
I2
–32768
32767
–1131
mW
Configuration
56
Integrity Data
1
Full Reset Counter
U1
0
255
0
num
System Data
57
System Data
57
Manufacturer Info
0
Block A 0
H1
0x00
0xff
0x00
–
Manufacturer Info
1–31
Block A [10–31]
H1
0x00
0xff
0x00
System Data
–
57
Manufacturer Info
32–63
Block B [0–31]
H1
0x00
0xff
0x00
–
Configuration
64
Registers
0
Operation Configuration
H2
0x0000
0xffff
0x0973
–
Configuration
64
Registers
7
SOC Delta
U1
0
25
1
%
Configuration
64
Registers
8
I2C Timeout
U1
0
7
4
num
Configuration
64
Registers
9
DFWrIndWaitTime
U2
0
65535
0
5μs
Configuration
64
Registers
11
OpConfigB
H1
0x00
0xff
0x40
Flags
Configuration
64
Registers
12
Debug Options
H1
4
0x00
0x04
Flags
Configuration
68
Power
0
Flash Update OK Voltage
I2
0
4200
2800
mV
Configuration
68
Power
7
Sleep Current
I2
0
100
10
mA
Configuration
68
Power
16
Hibernate Current
U2
0
700
8
mA
Configuration
68
Power
18
Hibernate Voltage
U2
2400
3000
2550
mV
Gas Gauging
80
IT Cfg
0
Load Select
U1
0
255
1
–
Gas Gauging
80
IT Cfg
1
Load Mode
U1
0
255
0
–
Gas Gauging
80
IT Cfg
21
Max Res Factor
U1
0
255
30
Num
Gas Gauging
80
IT Cfg
22
Min Res Factor
U1
0
255
3
Num
Gas Gauging
80
IT Cfg
24
Ra Filter
U2
0
1000
800
Num
Gas Gauging
80
IT Cfg
40
Min % Passed Charge for Qmax
U1
1
100
37
%
Gas Gauging
80
IT Cfg
44
Qmax Filter
U1
0
255
96
Num
Gas Gauging
80
IT Cfg
45
Terminate Voltage
I2
–32,768
32,767
3000
mV
Gas Gauging
80
IT Cfg
50
User Rate-mA
I2
–2000
–100
0
mA
Gas Gauging
80
IT Cfg
52
User Rate-mW
I2
–7200
–350
0
mW
Gas Gauging
80
IT Cfg
54
Reserve Cap-mAh
I2
0
9000
0
mAh
Gas Gauging
80
IT Cfg
56
Reserve Cap-mWh
I2
0
14,000
0
mWh
Gas Gauging
80
IT Cfg
61
Min Delta Voltage
I2
–32000
32000
0
mV
Gas Gauging
80
IT Cfg
63
Max Sim Rate
U1
0
255
2
C-rate
Gas Gauging
80
IT Cfg
64
Min Sim Rate
U1
0
255
20
C-rate
Gas Gauging
80
IT Cfg
65
Ra Max Delta
U2
0
65535
44
mOhms
Gas Gauging
80
IT Cfg
67
Qmax Max Delta
U1
0
65535
5
%
Gas Gauging
80
IT Cfg
68
DeltaV Max dV
U2
0
65535
10
mV
Gas Gauging
81
Current Thresholds
0
Dsg Current Threshold
I2
0
2000
60
mA
Gas Gauging
81
Current Thresholds
2
Chg Current Threshold
I2
0
2000
75
mA
Gas Gauging
81
Current Thresholds
4
Quit Current
I2
0
1000
40
mA
Gas Gauging
81
Current Thresholds
6
Dsg Relax Time
U2
0
8191
60
s
Gas Gauging
81
Current Thresholds
8
Chg Relax Time
U1
0
255
60
s
Gas Gauging
81
Current Thresholds
9
Quit Relax Time
U1
0
63
1
s
Gas Gauging
81
Current Thresholds
10
Max IR Correct
U2
0
1000
400
mV
Gas Gauging
82
State
0
IT Enable
H1
0x00
0x03
0x00
–
Gas Gauging
82
State
1
Application Status
H1
0x00
0xff
0x00
–
Gas Gauging
82
State
2
Qmax 0
I2
0
32,767
1000
mAh
Gas Gauging
82
State
4
Cycle Count 0
U2
0
65,535
0
–
Gas Gauging
82
State
6
Update Status 0
H1
0x00
0x03
0x00
–
Gas Gauging
82
State
7
Qmax 1
I2
0
32767
1000
mAh
Gas Gauging
82
State
9
Cycle Count 1
U2
0
65,535
0
Count
Gas Gauging
82
State
11
Update Status 1
H1
0x00
0x03
0x00
–
Gas Gauging
82
State
12
Cell0 Chg dod at EoC
I2
0
16384
0
–
Gas Gauging
82
State
14
Cell1 Chg dod at EoC
I2
0
16384
0
–
Gas Gauging
82
State
16
Avg I Last Run
I2
–32,768
32,767
–300
mA
Name
Default
Value
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
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Data Flash Summary (continued)
Class
Subclass
ID
Subclass
Offset
Gas Gauging
82
State
18
Gas Gauging
82
State
20
Calibration
104
Data
0
Calibration
104
Data
4
Calibration
104
Data
Calibration
104
Calibration
(2)
Data Type
Min
Value
Max
Value
Default
Value
Units
Avg P Last Run
I2
–32,768
32,767
–1200
mAh
Delta Voltage
I2
–32,768
32,767
2
mV
CC Gain
F4 (2)
0.1
47
10 (1)
mohm
CC Delta
F4 (2)
4.7
188
10 (1)
mohm
8
CC Offset
I2
–2.4
2.4
–0.123 (1)
mV
Data
10
ADC Offset
I2
–500
500
0
mV
104
Data
12
Board Offset
I1
–128
127
0
mV
Calibration
104
Data
13
Int Temp Offset
I1
–128
127
0
0.1°C
Calibration
104
Data
14
Ext Temp Offset
I1
–128
127
0
0.1°C
Calibration
104
Data
15
Pack V Offset
I1
–128
127
0
mV
Calibration
107
Current
1
Deadband
U1
0
255
5
mA
Security
112
Codes
0
Unseal Key 0
H2
0x0000
0xffff
0x3672
–
Security
112
Codes
2
Unseal Key 1
H2
0x0000
0xffff
0x0414
–
Security
112
Codes
4
Full-Access Key 0
H2
0x0000
0xffff
0xffff
–
Security
112
Codes
6
Full-Access Key 1
H2
0x0000
0xffff
0xffff
–
Security
112
Codes
24
FactRestore Key
H4
0x00000000
0xffffffff
0x0FAC0DEF
–
Name
Not IEEE floating point.
5 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
5.1
FUEL GAUGING
The bq27505-J4 measures the cell voltage, temperature, and current to determine battery SOC. The
bq27505-J4 monitors charge and discharge activity by sensing the voltage across a small-value resistor
(5mΩ to 20mΩ typ.) between the SRP and SRN pins and in series with the cell. By integrating charge
passing through the battery, the battery’s SOC is adjusted during battery charge or discharge.
The total battery capacity is found by comparing states of charge before and after applying the load with
the amount of charge passed. When an application load is applied, the impedance of the cell is measured
by comparing the OCV obtained from a predefined function for present SOC with the measured voltage
under load. Measurements of OCV and charge integration determine chemical state of charge and
chemical capacity (Qmax). The initial Qmax values are taken from a cell manufacturers' data sheet
multiplied by the number of parallel cells. It is also used for the value in Design Capacity. The
bq27505-J4 acquires and updates the battery-impedance profile during normal battery usage. It uses this
profile, along with SOC and the Qmax value, to determine FullChargeCapacity( ) and StateOfCharge( ),
specifically for the present load and temperature. FullChargeCapacity( ) is reported as capacity available
from a fully charged battery under the present load and temperature until Voltage( ) reaches the Term
Voltage. NominalAvailableCapacity( ) and FullAvailableCapacity( ) are the uncompensated (no or light
load) versions of RemainingCapacity( ) and FullChargeCapacity( ) respectively.
The bq27505-J4 has two flags accessed by the Flags( ) function that warns when the battery’s SOC has
fallen to critical levels. When RemainingCapacity( ) falls below the first capacity threshold, specified in
SOC1 Set Threshold, the [SOC1] (State of Charge Initial) flag is set. The flag is cleared once
RemainingCapacity( ) rises above SOC1 Set Threshold. The bq27505-J4’s BAT_LOW pin automatically
reflects the status of the [SOC1] flag. All units are in mAh.
When Voltage( ) falls below the system shut down threshold voltage, SysDown Set Volt Threshold, the
[SYSDOWN] flag is set, serving as a final warning to shut down the system. The SOC_INT also signals.
When Voltage( ) rises above SysDown Clear Voltage and the [SYSDOWM] flag has already been set,
the [SYSDOWN] flag is cleared. The SOC_INT also signals such change. All units are in mV.
22
FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
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5.2
SLVSA40 – DECEMBER 2009
IMPEDANCE TRACK™ VARIABLES
The bq27505-J4 has several data flash variables that permit the user to customize the Impedance Track™
algorithm for optimized performance. These variables are dependent upon the power characteristics of the
application as well as the cell itself.
5.2.1
Load Mode
Load Mode is used to select either the constant-current or constant-power model for the Impedance
Track™ algorithm as used in Load Select (see Load Select). When Load Mode is 0, the Constant
Current Model is used (default). When 1, the Constant Power Model is used. The [LDMD] bit of
CONTROL_STATUS reflects the status of Load Mode.
5.2.2
Load Select
Load Select defines the type of power or current model to be used to compute load-compensated
capacity in the Impedance Track™ algorithm. If Load Mode = 0 (Constant-Current) then the options
presented in Table 5-1 are available.
Table 5-1. Constant-Current Model Used When Load Mode = 0
LoadSelect
Value
Current Model Used
Average discharge current from previous cycle: There is an internal register that records the average discharge current
through each entire discharge cycle. The previous average is stored in this register.
0
1(default)
Present average discharge current: This is the average discharge current from the beginning of this discharge cycle until
present time.
2
Average current: based on AverageCurrent( )
3
Current: based off of a low-pass-filtered version of AverageCurrent( ) (τ =14 s)
4
Design capacity / 5: C Rate based off of Design Capacity /5 or a C/5 rate in mA.
5
AtRate (mA): Use whatever current is in AtRate( )
6
User_Rate-mA: Use the value in User_Rate(). This mode provides a completely user-configurable method.
If Load Mode = 1 (Constant Power) then the following options shown in Table 5-2 are available:
Table 5-2. Constant-Power Model Used When Load Mode = 1
LoadSelect Value
0(default)
5.2.3
Power Model Used
Average discharge power from previous cycle: There is an internal register that records the average discharge power
through each entire discharge cycle. The previous average is stored in this register.
1
Present average discharge power: This is the average discharge power from the beginning of this discharge cycle until
present time.
2
Average current × voltage: based off the AverageCurrent( ) and Voltage( ).
3
Current × voltage: based off of a low-pass-filtered version of AverageCurrent( ) (τ=14 s) and Voltage( )
4
Design energy / 5: C Rate based off of Design Energy /5 or a C/5 rate in mA.
5
AtRate (10 mW): Use whatever value is in AtRate( ).
6
User_Rate-10mW: Use the value in User_Rate() mW. This mode provides a completely user-configurable method.
Reserve Cap-mAh
Reserve Cap-mAh determines how much actual remaining capacity exists after reaching 0
RemainingCapacity( ), before Terminate Voltage is reached. A no-load rate of compensation is applied
to this reserve.
FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
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5.2.4
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Reserve Cap-mWh
Reserve Cap-mWh determines how much actual remaining capacity exists after reaching 0
AvailableEnergy( ), before Terminate Voltage is reached. A no-load rate of compensation is applied to
this reserve capacity.
5.2.5
Dsg Current Threshold
This register is used as a threshold by many functions in the bq27505-J4 to determine if actual discharge
current is flowing into or out of the cell. The default for this register is in Table 4-7, which should be
sufficient for most applications. This threshold should be set low enough to be below any normal
application load current but high enough to prevent noise or drift from affecting the measurement.
5.2.6
Chg Current Threshold
This register is used as a threshold by many functions in the bq27505-J4 to determine if actual charge
current is flowing into or out of the cell. The default for this register is in Table 4-7, which should be
sufficient for most applications. This threshold should be set low enough to be below any normal charge
current but high enough to prevent noise or drift from affecting the measurement.
5.2.7
Quit Current, DSG Relax Time, CHG Relax Time, and Quit Relax Time
The Quit Current is used as part of the Impedance Track™ algorithm to determine when the bq27505-J4
enters relaxation mode from a current-flowing mode in either the charge direction or the discharge
direction. The value of Quit Current is set to a default value in Table 4-7 and should be above the standby
current of the system.
Either of the following criteria must be met to enter relaxation mode:
• | AverageCurrent( ) | < | Quit Current | for Dsg Relax Time
• | AverageCurrent( ) | > | Quit Current | for Chg Relax Time
After about 5 minutes in
additional requirement of
updates are used in the
during OCV readings to
relaxation mode.
relaxation mode, the bq27505-J4 attempts to take accurate OCV readings. An
dV/dt < 4 μV/s is required for the bq27505-J4 to perform Qmax updates. These
Impedance Track™ algorithms. It is critical that the battery voltage be relaxed
and that the current is not be higher than C/20 when attempting to go into
Quit Relax Time specifies the minimum time required for AverageCurrent( ) to remain above the
QuitCurrent threshold before exiting relaxation mode.
5.2.8
Qmax 0 and Qmax 1
Generically called Qmax, these dynamic variables contain the respective maximum chemical capacity of
the active cell profiles, and are determined by comparing states of charge before and after applying the
load with the amount of charge passed. They also correspond to capacity at very low rate of discharge,
such as C/20 rate. For high accuracy, this value is periodically updated by the bq27505-J4 during
operation. Based on the battery cell capacity information, the initial value of chemical capacity should be
entered in the Qmax n field for each default cell profile. The Impedance Track™ algorithm will update
these values and maintain them the associated actual cell profiles.
5.2.9
Update Status 0 and Update Status 1
Bit 0 (0x01) of the Update Status n registers indicates that the bq27505-J4 has learned new Qmax
parameters and is accurate. The remaining bits are reserved. Bits 0 is user-configurable; however, it is
also a status flag that can be set by the bq27505-J4. Bit 0 should never be modified except when creating
a golden image file as explained in the application note Preparing Optimized Default Flash Constants for
specific Battery Types (SLUA334). Bit 0 is updated as needed by the bq27505-J4.
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5.2.10 Avg I Last Run
The bq27505-J4 logs the current averaged from the beginning to the end of each discharge cycle. It stores
this average current from the previous discharge cycle in this register. This register should never need to
be modified. It is only updated by the bq27505-J4 when required.
5.2.11 Avg P Last Run
The bq27505-J4 logs the power averaged from the beginning to the end of each discharge cycle. It stores
this average power from the previous discharge cycle in this register. To get a correct average power
reading the bq27505-J4 continuously multiplies instantaneous current times Voltage( ) to get power. It
then logs this data to derive the average power. This register should never need to be modified. It is only
updated by the bq27505-J4 when required.
5.2.12 Delta Voltage
The bq27505-J4 stores the maximum difference of Voltage( ) during short load spikes and normal load, so
the Impedance Track™ algorithm can calculate remaining capacity for pulsed loads. This behavior can be
modified by setting bits 0 and 1 of the Data flash register Debug Options as follows:
Bit1
Bit0
Delta V Selection
0
0
Standard
0
1
No Averaging
1
0
Minimum Delta V
1
1
unused
Description
Average variance from steady state voltage used to determine end of discharge voltage
Last instantaneous change in voltage from steady state used to determine end of discharge
voltage
Value in Min Delta Voltage used
5.2.13 Default Ra and Ra Tables
These tables contain encoded data and, with the exception of the Default Ra Tables, are automatically
updated during device operation. No user changes should be made except for reading/writing the values
from a pre-learned pack (part of the process for creating golden image files).
5.3
5.3.1
DETAILED PIN DESCRIPTION
The Operation Configuration Register
Some bq27505-J4 pins are configured via the Operation Configuration data flash register, as indicated
in Table 5-3. This register is programmed/read via the methods described in ACCESSING THE DATA
FLASH. The register is located at subclass = 64, offset = 0.
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Table 5-3. Operation Configuration Bit Definition
High byte
Low byte
bit7
RESCAP
INT_FOCV
bit6
BATG_OVR
IDSELEN
bit5
INT_BREM
SLEEP
bit4
PFC_CFG1
RMFCC
bit3
PFC_CFG0
SOCI_POL
bit2
IWAKE
BATG_POL
bit1
RSNS1
BATL_POL
bit0
RSNS0
TEMPS
RESCAP = No-load rate of compensation is applied to the reserve capacity calculation. True when set. Default is 0.
BATG_OVR = BAT_GD override bit. If the gauge enters Hibernate only due to the cell voltage, the BAT_GD will not negate. True when set.
Default is 0.
INT_BERM = Battery removal interrupt bit. The SOC_INT pulses 1ms when the battery removal interrupt is enabled. True when set. The
default is 0.
PFC_CFG1/PFC_CFG0 = Pin function code (PFC) mode selection: PFC 0, 1, or 2 selected by 0/0, 0/1, or 1/0, respectively. Default is PFC
1 (0/1).
IWAKE/RSNS1/RSNS0 = These bits configure the current wake function (see Table 5-6). Default is 0/0/1.
INT_FOCV = Indication of the measurement of the OCV during the initialization. The SOC_INT will pulse during the first measurement if this
bit is set. True when set. Default is 0.
IDSELEN = Enables cell profile selection feature. True when set. Default is 1.
SLEEP = The fuel gauge can enter sleep, if operating conditions allow. True when set. Default is 1.
RMFCC = RM is updated with the value from FCC, on valid charge termination. True when set. Default is 1.
SOCI_POL = SOC interrupt polarity is active-low. True when cleared. Default is 0.
BATG_POL = /BAT_GD pin is active-low. True when cleared. Default is 0.
BATL_POL = BAT_LOW pin is active-high. True when set. Default is 1.
TEMPS = Selects external thermistor for Temperature( ) measurements. True when set. Default is 1.
Some bq27505-J4 pins are configured via the Operation Configuration B data flash register, as
indicated in Table 5-4. This register is programmed/read via the methods described in ACCESSING THE
DATA FLASH. The register is located at subclass = 64, offset = 0.
Table 5-4. Operation Configuration B Bit Definition
bit7
WRTEMP
bit6
BIE
bit5
BL_INT
bit4
GNDSEL
bit3
BattGdInit
bit2
DFWrIndBL
bit1
–
bit0
–
WRTEMP = Enables the temperature write. The temperature could be written by the host. True when set. Default is 0.
BIE = Battery insertion detection enable. True when set. Default is 1. When the battery insertion detection is disabled, the gauge relies on
the host command to set the BAT_DET bit.
BL_INT = Battery low interrupt enable. True when set. Default is 0.
GNDSEL = The ADC ground select control. The Vss (Pin D1) is selected as ground reference when the bit is clear. Pin A1 is selected when
the bit is set. Default is 1.
BattGdInit = BAT_GD will be asserted during the initialization. It is for application that needs the system be powered up ASAP. True when
set. Default is 0.
DFWrIndBL = DataFlash Write Indication. SOC_INT is used for indication if the bit is clear. BAT_LOW is used for indication if the bit is set.
Default is 0.
5.3.2
Pin Function Code Descriptions
The bq27505-J4 has three possible pin-function variations that can be selected in accordance with the
circuit architecture of the end application. Each variation has been assigned a pin function code, or PFC.
When the PFC is set to 0, only the bq27505-J4 measures battery temperature under discharge and
relaxation conditions. The charger does not receive any information from the bq27505-J4 about the
temperature readings, and therefore operates open-loop with respect to battery temperature.
A PFC of 1 is like a PFC of 0, except temperature is also monitored during battery charging. If charging
temperature falls outside of the preset range defined in data flash, a charger can be disabled via the
/BAT_GD pin until cell temperature recovers. See Charge Inhibit, for additional details.
Finally when the PFC is set to 2, the battery thermistor can be shared between the fuel gauge and the
charger. The charger has full usage of the thermistor during battery charging, while the fuel gauge uses
the thermistor exclusively during discharge and battery relaxation.
The PFC is specified in Operation Configuration [PFC_CFG1, PFC_CFG0]. The default is PFC = 1.
5.3.3
BAT_LOW Pin
The BAT_LOW pin provides a system processor with an electrical indicator of battery status. The signaling
on the BAT_LOW pin follows the status of the [SOC1] bit in the Flags( ) register. Note that the polarity of
the BAT_LOW pin can be inverted via the [BATL_POL] bit of the Operation Configuration.
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5.3.4
SLVSA40 – DECEMBER 2009
Power Path Control with the BAT_GD Pin
The bq27505-J4 must operate in conjunction with other electronics in a system appliance, such as
chargers or other ICs and application circuits that draw appreciable power. After a battery is inserted into
the system, there should be no charging current or a discharging current higher than C/20, so that an
accurate OCV can be read. The OCV is used for helping determine which battery profile to use, as it
constitutes part of the battery impedance measurement.
When a battery is inserted into a system, the Impedance Track™ algorithm requires that no charging of
the battery takes place and that any discharge is limited to less than C/20–these conditions are sufficient
for the fuel gauge to take an accurate OCV reading. To disable these functions, the /BAT_GD pin is
merely negated from the default setting. Once an OCV reading has be made, the /BAT_GD pin is
asserted, thereby enabling battery charging and regular discharge of the battery. The Operation
Configuration [BATG_POL] bit can be used to set the polarity of the battery good signal, should the
default configuration need to be changed.
POR
Exit From HIBERNATE
Battery Removed
BAT INSERT CHECK
Exit From HIBERNATE
Communication Activity
AND Comm address is for bq27505
Check for battery insertion
from HALT state.
No gauging
bq27505 clears Control Status
[HIBERNATE ] = 0
Recommend Host also set Control
Status [HIBERNATE] = 0
Flags [BAT _DET] = 0
Entry to NORMAL
Exit From NORMAL
Flags [BAT _DET] = 1
Flags [BAT _DET] = 0
Exit From SLEEP
NORMAL
Flags [BAT_DET] = 0
Fuel gauging and data
updated every 1s
HIBERNATE
Wakeup From HIBERNATE
Communication Activity
AND
Comm address is NOT for bq27505
Disable all bq27505
subcircuits except GPIO.
Negate /BAT_GD
Exit From SLEEP
| AverageCurrent( ) | > Sleep Current
OR
Current is Detected above IWAKE
Entry to SLEEP+
Operation Configuration[SLEEP] = 1
AND
Control Status[SNOOZE] = 1
AND
| AverageCurrent( ) | ≤ Sleep Current
Entry to SLEEP
Operation Configuration[SLEEP] = 1
AND
| AverageCurrent( ) | ≤ Sleep Current
AND
Control Status[SNOOZE] = 0
Exit From SLEEP+
Any communication to the gauge
OR
| AverageCurrent( ) | > Sleep Current
OR
Current is Detected above I WAKE
SLEEP+
Fuel gauging and data
updated every 20 seconds
Both LFO and HFO are ON
Exit From WAIT_HIBERNATE
Cell relaxed
AND
| AverageCurrent() | < Hibernate
Current
WAIT_HIBERNATE
Entry to SLEEP+
Control Status[SNOOZE] = 0
SLEEP
OR
V CELL
Cell relaxed
AND
< Hibernate Voltage
Entry to SLEEP+
Control Status[SNOOZE] = 1
Fuel gauging and data
updated every 20 seconds
/BAT_GD unchanged
Exit From WAIT _HIBERNATE
Host must set Control Status
[HIBERNATE ] = 0
AND
VCELL > Hibernate Voltage
System Shutdown
Fuel gauging and data
updated every 20 seconds
(LFO ON and HFO OFF)
Exit From SLEEP
(Host has set Control Status
[HIBERNATE] = 1
OR
VCELL < Hibernate Voltage
Figure 5-1. Power Mode Diagram
Figure 5-1 details how the /BAT_GD pin functions in the context of battery insertion and removal, as well
as NORMAL vs. SLEEP modes.
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In PFC 1, the /BAT_GD pin is also used to disable battery charging when the bq27505-J4 reads battery
temperatures outside the range defined by [Charge Inhibit Temp Low, Charge Inhibit Temp High]. The
/BAT_GD line is asserted once temperature falls within the range [Charge Inhibit Temp Low + Temp
Hys, Charge Inhibit Temp High – Temp Hys].
5.3.5
Battery Detection Using the BI/TOUT Pin
During power-up or hibernate activities, or any other activity where the bq27505-J4 needs to determine
whether a battery is connected or not, the fuel gauge applies a test for battery presence. First, the
BI/TOUT pin is put into high-Z status. The weak 1.8MΩ pull-up resistor will keep the pin high while no
battery is present. When a battery is inserted (or is already inserted) into the system device, the BI/TOUT
pin will be pulled low. This state is detected by the fuel gauge, which polls this pin every second when the
gauge has power. A battery-disconnected status is assumed when the bq27505-J4 reads a thermistor
voltage that is near 2.5V.
5.3.6
SOC_INT pin
The SOC_INT pin generates a pulse with different pulse width under various conditions. Some features
needs to be enabled by setting the Operation Config.
Table 5-5. Operation Configuratin B BIt Definition
Enable Condition
Pulse Width
Comment
During charge, when the SOC is greater than (≥) the points, 100% + n
× SOC_Delta and 100%;
During discharge, when the SOC reaches (<) the points 100% + n ×
SOC_Delta and 0%;
where n is an integer starting from 0 to the number generating SOC no
less than 100%
SOC_Delta
Point
SOC_Delta ≠ 0
1 ms
SOC1 Set
Always
1 ms
SOC1 Clear
Always
1 ms
SysDown Set Always
1 ms
SysDown
Clear
Always
1 ms
SOC_Delta ≠ 0
1 ms
When there is a state change including charging, discharging and
relaxation.
Battery
Removal
INT_BREM bit is set in
OpConfig
1ms
—
OCV
Command
After Initialization
Same as the OCV
SOC_INT pulses for the OCV command after the initialization.
command execution time
period
OCV
Command
INT_FOCV bit is set in
OpConfig
Same as the OCV
This command is to generate the SOC_INT pulse during the
command execution time initialization.
period
Data Flash
Write
After Initialization AND
DFWrIndWaitTime ≠ 0
Programmmable time
pluse flash erase and
write time
SOC_INT is used to indicate the data flash update. The gauge will wait
DFWrIndWaitTime times 5μs after the SOC_INT signal to start the data
flash update. This function is disabled if DFWrIndWaitTime is set to 0.
Factory
Restore
Always
Time for restore function
to complete
Asserted while dataflash learned Ra tables and Qmax are overwritten
with defaults.
State Change
5.4
When RSOC reached the SOC1 Set or Clear threshold set in the Data
Flash
When the Battery Voltage reached the SysDown Set or Clear threshold
set in the Data Flash
TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENT
The bq27505-J4 measures battery temperature via its TS input, in order to supply battery temperature
status information to the fuel gauging algorithm and charger-control sections of the gauge. Alternatively, it
can also measure internal temperature via its on-chip temperature sensor, but only if the [TEMPS] bit of
Operation Configuration register is cleared.
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Regardless of which sensor is used for measurement, a system processor can request the current battery
temperature by calling the Temperature( ) function (see STANDARD DATA COMMANDS, for specific
information).
The recommended thermistor circuit uses an external 103AT-type thermistor. Additional circuit information
for connecting this thermistor to the bq27505-J4 is shown in REFERENCE SCHEMATIC.
5.5
5.5.1
OVERTEMPERATURE INDICATION
Overtemperature: Charge
If during charging, Temperature( ) reaches the threshold of OT Chg for a period of OT Chg Time and
AverageCurrent( ) > Chg Current Threshold, then the [OTC] bit of Flags( ) is set. When Temperature( )
falls to OT Chg Recovery, the [OTC] of Flags( ) is reset.
If OT Chg Time = 0, then the feature is completely disabled.
5.5.2
Overtemperature: Discharge
If during discharging, Temperature( ) reaches the threshold of OT Dsg for a period of OT Dsg Time, and
AverageCurrent( ) ≤ –Dsg Current Threshold, then the [OTD] bit of Flags( ) is set. When Temperature( )
falls to OT Chg Recovery, the [OTC] bit of Flags( ) is reset.
If OT Dsg Time = 0, then feature is completely disabled.
5.6
5.6.1
CHARGING AND CHARGE-TERMINATION INDICATION
Detecting Charge Termination
For proper bq27505-J4 operation, the cell charging voltage must be specified by the user. The default
value for this variable is Charging Voltage in Table 4-7.
The bq27505-J4 detects charge termination when (1) during 2 consecutive periods of Current Taper
Window, the AverageCurrent( ) is < Taper Current, (2) during the same periods, the accumulated
change in capacity > 0.25mAh /Current Taper Window, and (3) Voltage( ) > Charging Voltage – Taper
Voltage. When this occurs, the [CHG] bit of Flags( ) is cleared. Also, if the [RMFCC] bit of Operation
Configuration is set, and RemainingCapacity( ) is set equal to FullChargeCapacity( ).
5.6.2
Charge Inhibit
When PFC = 1, the bq27505-J4 can indicate when battery temperature has fallen below or risen above
predefined thresholds Charge Inhibit Temp Low and Charge Inhibit Temp High, respectively. In this
mode, the /BAT_GD line is made high to indicate this condition, and is returned to its low state, once
battery temperature returns to the range [Charge Inhibit Temp Low + Temp Hys, Charge Inhibit Temp
High – Temp Hys].
When PFC = 0 or 2, the bq27505-J4 must be queried by the system in order to determine the battery
temperature. At that time, the bq27505-J4 will sample the temperature. This saves battery energy when
operating from battery, as periodic temperature updates are avoided during charging mode.
5.7
POWER MODES
The bq27505-J4 has different power modes: BAT INSERT CHECK, NORMAL, SLEEP, SLEEP+ and
HIBERNATE. In NORMAL mode, the bq27505-J4 is fully powered and can execute any allowable task. In
SLEEP+ mode, both low frequency and high frequency oscillators are active. Although the SLEEP+ has
higher current consumption than the SLEEP mode, it is also a reduced power mode. In SLEEP mode, the
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fuel gauge turns off the high frequency oscillator and exists in a reduced-power state, periodically taking
measurements and performing calculations. In HIBERNATE mode, the fuel gauge is in a very low power
state, but can be woken up by communication or certain I/O activity. Finally, the BAT INSERT CHECK
mode is a powered-up, but low-power halted, state, where the bq27505-J4 resides when no battery is
inserted into the system.
The relationship between these modes is shown in Figure 5-1.
5.7.1
BAT INSERT CHECK MODE
This mode is a halted-CPU state that occurs when an adapter, or other power source, is present to power
the bq27505-J4 (and system), yet no battery has been detected. When battery insertion is detected, a
series of initialization activities begin, which include: OCV measurement, setting the BAT_GD pin, and
selecting the appropriate battery profiles.
Some commands, issued by a system processor, can be processed while the bq27505-J4 is halted in this
mode. The gauge will wake up to process the command, then return to the halted state awaiting battery
insertion.
5.7.2
NORMAL MODE
The fuel gauge is in NORMAL mode when not in any other power mode. During this mode,
AverageCurrent( ), Voltage( ) and Temperature( ) measurements are taken, and the interface data set is
updated. Decisions to change states are also made. This mode is exited by activating a different power
mode.
Because the gauge consumes the most power in NORMAL mode, the Impedance Track™ algorithm
minimizes the time the fuel gauge remains in this mode.
5.7.3
SLEEP MODE
SLEEP mode is entered automatically if the feature is enabled (Operation Configuration [SLEEP] = 1)
and AverageCurrent( ) is below the programmable level Sleep Current. Once entry into SLEEP mode has
been qualified, but prior to entering it, the bq27505-J4 performs an coulomb counter autocalibration to
minimize offset.
During SLEEP mode, the bq27505-J4 periodically takes data measurements and updates its data set.
However, a majority of its time is spent in an idle condition.
The bq27505-J4 exits SLEEP if any entry condition is broken, specifically when (1) AverageCurrent( )
rises above Sleep Current, or (2) a current in excess of IWAKE through RSENSE is detected.
In the event that a battery is removed from the system while a charger is present (and powering the
gauge), Impedance Track™ updates are not necessary. Hence, the fuel gauge enters a state that checks
for battery insertion and does not continue executing the Impedance Track™ algorithm.
5.7.4
SLEEP+ MODE
Compared to the SLEEP mode, SLEEP+ mode has the high frequency oscillator in operation. The
communication delay could be eliminated. The SLEEP+ is entered automatically if the feature is enabled
(CONTROL STATUS [SNOOZE] = 1) and AverageCurrent( ) is below the programmable level Sleep
Current.
During SLEEP+ mode, the bq27505-J4 periodically takes data measurements and updates its data set.
However, a majority of its time is spent in an idle condition.
The bq27505-J4 exits SLEEP+ if any entry condition is broken, specifically when (1) any communication
activity with the gauge, or (2) AverageCurrent( ) rises above Sleep Current, or (3) a current in excess of
IWAKE through RSENSE is detected.
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5.7.5
SLVSA40 – DECEMBER 2009
HIBERNATE MODE
HIBERNATE mode should be used when the system equipment needs to enter a low-power state, and
minimal gauge power consumption is required. This mode is ideal when a system equipment is set to its
own HIBERNATE, SHUTDOWN, or OFF modes.
Before the fuel gauge can enter HIBERNATE mode, the system must set the [HIBERNATE] bit of the
CONTROL_STATUS register. The gauge waits to enter HIBERNATE mode until it has taken a valid OCV
measurement and the magnitude of the average cell current has fallen below Hibernate Current. The
gauge can also enter HIBERNATE mode if the cell voltage falls below Hibernate Voltage and a valid
OCV measurement has been taken. The gauge will remain in HIBERNATE mode until the system issues a
direct I2C command to the gauge or a POR occurs. I2C Communication that is not directed to the gauge
will not wake the gauge (or at least for very long).
It is important that /BAT_GD be set to disable status (no battery charging/discharging). This prevents a
charger application from inadvertently charging the battery before an OCV reading can be taken. It is the
system’s responsibility to wake the bq27505-J4 after it has gone into HIBERNATE mode. After waking, the
gauge can proceed with the initialization of the battery information (OCV, profile selection, etc.)
5.8
5.8.1
POWER CONTROL
Reset Functions
When the bq27505-J4 detects a software reset ([RESET] bit of Control( ) initiated), it increments the reset
counter.
5.8.2
WAKE-UP COMPARATOR
The wake up comparator is used to indicate a change in cell current while the bq27505-J4 is SLEEP or
HIBERNATE modes. Operation Configuration uses bits [RSNS1–RSNS0] to set the sense resistor
selection. Operation Configuration also uses the [IWAKE] bit to select one of two possible voltage
threshold ranges for the given sense resistor selection. An internal interrupt is generated when the
threshold is breached in either the charge or discharge direction. Setting both [RSNS1] and [RSNS0] to 0
disables this feature.
Table 5-6. IWAKE Threshold Settings (1)
(1)
5.8.3
RSNS1
RSNS0
IWAKE
Vth(SRP–SRN)
0
0
0
Disabled
0
0
1
Disabled
0
1
0
+1.25 mV or –1.25 mV
0
1
1
+2.5 mV or –2.5 mV
1
0
0
+2.5 mV or –2.5 mV
1
0
1
+5 mV or –5 mV
1
1
0
+5 mV or –5 mV
1
1
1
+10 mV or –10 mV
The actual resistance value vs the setting of the sense resistor is not important, just the actual voltage
threshold when calculating the configuration.
FLASH UPDATES
Data Flash can only be updated if Voltage( ) ≥ Flash Update OK Voltage. Flash programming current can
cause an increase in LDO dropout. The value of Flash Update OK Voltage should be selected such that
the bq27505-J4 VCC voltage does not fall below its minimum of 2.4 V during Flash write operations.
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AUTOCALIBRATION
The bq27505-J4 provides an autocalibration feature that measures the voltage offset error across SRP
and SRN as operating conditions change. It subtracts the resulting offset error from normal sense resistor
voltage, VSR, for maximum measurement accuracy.
Autocalibration of the coulomb counter begins on entry to SLEEP mode, except if Temperature( ) is ≤ 5°C
or Temperature( ) ≥ 45°C.
The fuel gauge also performs a single offset when (1) the condition of AverageCurrent( ) ≤ 100 mA and (2)
{voltage change since last offset calibration ≥ 256 mV} or {temperature change since last offset calibration
is greater than 80°C for ≥ 60s}.
Capacity and current measurements continue at the last measured rate during the offset calibration when
these measurements cannot be performed. If the battery voltage drops more than 32mV during the offset
calibration, the load current has likely increased; hence, the offset calibration is aborted.
6 APPLICATION-SPECIFIC INFORMATION
6.1
BATTERY PROFILE STORAGE AND SELECTION
6.1.1
Common Profile Aspects
When a battery pack is removed from system equipment that implements the bq27505, the fuel gauge will
maintain some of the battery information, if it is re-inserted. This way the Impedance Track™ algorithm will
often have a means of recovering battery-status information; thereby, maintaining good state-of-charge
(SOC) estimates.
Two default battery profiles are available to store battery information. They are used to provide the
Impedance Track™ algorithm with the default information on two possible battery types expected to be
used with the end-equipment. These default profiles can be used to support batteries of different
chemistry, same chemistry but different capacities, or same chemistry but different models. Default
profiles are programmed by the end-equipment manufacturer. Only one of the default profiles can be
selected, and this selection cannot be changed during end-equipment operation.
In addition to the default profiles, the bq27505-J4 maintains two abbreviated profiles: Cell0 and Cell1.
These tables hold dynamic battery data, and keep track of the status for up to two of the most recent
batteries used. In most cases the bq27505-J4 can administrate information on two removable battery
packs.
6.1.2
Activities Upon Pack Insertion
6.1.2.1
First OCV and Impedance Measurement
At power-up the /BAT_GD pin is inactive, so that the system might not obtain power from the battery (this
depends on actual implementation). In this state, the battery should be put in a condition with load current
less than C/20. Next, the bq27505-J4 measures its first open-circuit voltage (OCV) via the BAT pin. The
[OCVCMDCOMP] bit will set once the OCV measurement is completed. Depending on the load current,
the [OCVFAIL] bit indicates whether the OCV reading is valid. From the OCV(SOC) table, the SOC of the
inserted battery is found. Then the /BAT_GD pin is made active, and the impedance of the inserted battery
is calculated from the measured voltage and the load current: Z(SOC) = ( OCV(SOC) – V ) / I. This
impedance is compared with the impedance of the dynamic profiles, Packn, and the default profiles, Defn,
for the same SOC (the letter n depicts either a 0 or 1).The [INITCOMP] bit will be set afterwards and the
OCV command could be issued.
32
APPLICATION-SPECIFIC INFORMATION
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6.1.3
SLVSA40 – DECEMBER 2009
Reading Application Status
The Application Status data flash location contains cell profile status information, and can be read using
the ApplicationStatus( ) extended command (0x6a). The bit configuration of this function/location is shown
in Table 6-1.
Table 6-1. ApplicationStatus( ) Bit Definitions
Application
Configuration
Byte
bit7
bit6
bit5
bit4
bit3
bit2
bit1
bit0
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
LU_ PROF
LU_PROF = Last profile used by fuel gauge. Cell0 last used when cleared. Cell1 last used when set. Default is 0.
6.2
APPLICATION-SPECIFIC FLOW AND CONTROL
The bq27505-J4 supports only one type of battery profile. This profile is stored in both the Def0 and Def1
profiles. When a battery pack is inserted for the first time, the default profile is copied into the Packn
profiles. Then the Impedance Track™ algorithm begins gas gauging, regularly updating Packn as the
battery is used.
When an existing pack is removed from the bq27505-J4 and a different (or same) pack is inserted, cell
impedance is measured immediately after battery detection (see section First OCV and Impedance
Measurement). The bq27505-J4 chooses the profile which is closest to the measured impedance, starting
with the Pack n profiles. That is, if the measured impedance matches Pack 0, then the Pack 0 profile is
used. If the measured impedance matches Pack 1, then the Pack 1 profile is used. If the measured
impedance does not match the impedance stored in either Pack 0 or Pack 1, the battery pack is deemed
new (none of the previously used packs). Either Def0/Def1 profile is copied into either the Pack 0 or Pack
1 profile, overwriting the oldest Pack n profile.
7 COMMUNICATIONS
I2C INTERFACE
7.1
The bq27505-J4 supports the standard I2C read, incremental read, quick read, one byte write, and
incremental write functions. The 7 bit device address (ADDR) is the most significant 7 bits of the hex
address and is fixed as 1010101. The 8-bit device address will; therefore, be 0xAA or 0xAB for write or
read, respectively.
Host generated
S
ADDR[6:0]
0 A
bq27505 generated
CMD [7:0]
A
DATA [7:0]
A P
S
ADDR[6:0]
(a) 1-byte write
S
ADDR[6:0]
0 A
1 A
DATA [7:0]
N P
(b) quick read
CMD [7:0]
A Sr
ADDR[6:0]
1 A
DATA [7:0]
N P
(c) 1- byte read
S
ADDR[6:0]
0 A
CMD [7:0]
A Sr
ADDR[6:0]
1 A
DATA [7:0]
A ...
DATA [7:0]
N P
(d) incremental read
S
ADDR[6:0]
0 A
CMD[7:0]
A
DATA [7:0]
A
DATA [7:0]
A
...
A P
(e) incremental write
(S = Start , Sr = Repeated Start , A = Acknowledge , N = No Acknowledge , and P = Stop).
COMMUNICATIONS
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bq27505-J4
SLVSA40 – DECEMBER 2009
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The “quick read” returns data at the address indicated by the address pointer. The address pointer, a
register internal to the I2C communication engine, will increment whenever data is acknowledged by the
bq27505-J4 or the I2C master. “Quick writes” function in the same manner and are a convenient means of
sending multiple bytes to consecutive command locations (such as two-byte commands that require two
bytes of data).
The following command sequences are not supported:
Attempt to write a read-only address (NACK after data sent by master):
Attempt to read an address above 0x6B (NACK command):
7.2
I2C Time Out
The I2C engine will release both SDA and SCL if the I2C bus is held low for about 2 seconds. If the
bq27505-J4 was holding the lines, releasing them will free for the master to drive the lines. If an external
condition is holding either of the lines low, the I2C engine will enter the low power sleep mode.
To make sure the correct results of a command with the 400kHz I2C operation, a proper waiting time
should be added between issuing command and reading results. For subcommands, the following
diagram shows the waiting time required between issuing the control command the reading the status with
the exception of checksum and OCV commands. A 100ms waiting time is required between the checksum
command and reading result, and a 1.2 second waiting time is required between the OCV command and
result. For read-write standard command, a minimum of 2 seconds is required to get the result updated.
For read-only standard commands, there is no waiting time required, but the host should not issue all
standard commands more than two times per second. Otherwise, the gauge could result in a reset issue
due to the expiration of the watchdog timer.
The I2C clock stretch could happen in a typical application. A maximum 80ms clock stretch could be
observed during the flash updates. There is up to 270ms clock stretch after the OCV command is issued.
S
ADDR [6:0]
0 A
CMD [7:0]
A
S
ADDR [6:0]
0 A
CMD [7:0]
A Sr
DATA [7:0]
ADDR [6:0]
A
1 A
DATA [7:0]
DATA [7:0]
A P
A
66ms
DATA [7:0]
N P
DATA [7:0]
A
66ms
Waiting time between control subcommand and reading results
S
ADDR [6:0]
DATA [7:0]
0 A
A
CMD [7:0]
DATA [7:0]
A Sr
N P
ADDR [6:0]
1 A
DATA [7:0]
A
66ms
Waiting time between continuous reading results
34
COMMUNICATIONS
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SLVSA40 – DECEMBER 2009
8 REFERENCE SCHEMATICS
8.1
SCHEMATIC
REFERENCE SCHEMATICS
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35
PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM
www.ti.com
12-Feb-2010
PACKAGING INFORMATION
Orderable Device
Status (1)
Package
Type
Package
Drawing
Pins Package Eco Plan (2)
Qty
BQ27505YZGR-J4
ACTIVE
DSBGA
YZG
12
3000 Green (RoHS &
no Sb/Br)
SNAGCU
Level-1-260C-UNLIM
BQ27505YZGT-J4
ACTIVE
DSBGA
YZG
12
250
SNAGCU
Level-1-260C-UNLIM
Green (RoHS &
no Sb/Br)
Lead/Ball Finish
MSL Peak Temp (3)
(1)
The marketing status values are defined as follows:
ACTIVE: Product device recommended for new designs.
LIFEBUY: TI has announced that the device will be discontinued, and a lifetime-buy period is in effect.
NRND: Not recommended for new designs. Device is in production to support existing customers, but TI does not recommend using this part in
a new design.
PREVIEW: Device has been announced but is not in production. Samples may or may not be available.
OBSOLETE: TI has discontinued the production of the device.
(2)
Eco Plan - The planned eco-friendly classification: Pb-Free (RoHS), Pb-Free (RoHS Exempt), or Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) - please check
http://www.ti.com/productcontent for the latest availability information and additional product content details.
TBD: The Pb-Free/Green conversion plan has not been defined.
Pb-Free (RoHS): TI's terms "Lead-Free" or "Pb-Free" mean semiconductor products that are compatible with the current RoHS requirements
for all 6 substances, including the requirement that lead not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous materials. Where designed to be soldered
at high temperatures, TI Pb-Free products are suitable for use in specified lead-free processes.
Pb-Free (RoHS Exempt): This component has a RoHS exemption for either 1) lead-based flip-chip solder bumps used between the die and
package, or 2) lead-based die adhesive used between the die and leadframe. The component is otherwise considered Pb-Free (RoHS
compatible) as defined above.
Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br): TI defines "Green" to mean Pb-Free (RoHS compatible), and free of Bromine (Br) and Antimony (Sb) based flame
retardants (Br or Sb do not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous material)
(3)
MSL, Peak Temp. -- The Moisture Sensitivity Level rating according to the JEDEC industry standard classifications, and peak solder
temperature.
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