LM117JAN LM117JAN 3-Terminal Adjustable Regulator Literature Number: SNVS365 LM117JAN 3-Terminal Adjustable Regulator General Description The LM117 adjustable 3-terminal positive voltage regulator is capable of supplying either 0.5A or 1.5A over a 1.2V to 37V output range. It is exceptionally easy to use and requires only two external resistors to set the output voltage. Further, both line and load regulation are better than standard fixed regulators. In addition to higher performance than fixed regulators, the LM117 series offers full overload protection available only in IC’s. Included on the chip are current limit, thermal overload protection and safe area protection. All overload protection circuitry remains fully functional even if the adjustment terminal is disconnected. Normally, no capacitors are needed unless the device is situated more than 6 inches from the input filter capacitors in which case an input bypass is needed. An optional output capacitor can be added to improve transient response. The adjustment terminal can be bypassed to achieve very high ripple rejection ratios which are difficult to achieve with standard 3-terminal regulators. “floating” and sees only the input-to-output differential voltage, supplies of several hundred volts can be regulated as long as the maximum input to output differential is not exceeded, i.e., avoid short-circuiting the output. Also, it makes an especially simple adjustable switching regulator, a programmable output regulator, or by connecting a fixed resistor between the adjustment pin and output, the LM117 can be used as a precision current regulator. Supplies with electronic shutdown can be achieved by clamping the adjustment terminal to ground which programs the output to 1.2V where most loads draw little current. For the negative complement, see LM137 series data sheet. Features n n n n n Guaranteed 0.5A or 1.5A output current Adjustable output down to 1.2V Current limit constant with temperature 80 dB ripple rejection Output is short-circuit protected Besides replacing fixed regulators, the LM117 is useful in a wide variety of other applications. Since the regulator is Ordering Information NS Part Number JAN Part Number NS Package Number Package Description JL117BXA JL117SXA JM38510/11703BXA H03A 3LD T0–39 Metal Can JM38510/11703SXA H03A 3LD T0–39 Metal Can JL117BYA JM38510/11704BYA K02C 2LD T0–3 Metal Can JL117SYA JM38510/11704SYA K02C 2LD T0–3 Metal Can Connection Diagrams (TO-3) Metal Can Package (TO-39) Metal Can Package 20149031 CASE IS OUTPUT 20149030 CASE IS OUTPUT Bottom View NS Package Number H03A Bottom View Steel Package NS Package Number K02C © 2006 National Semiconductor Corporation DS201490 www.national.com LM117JAN 3-Terminal Adjustable Regulator March 2006 LM117JAN Connection Diagrams (Continued) LM117 Series Packages Part Number Design Package Suffix Load Current K TO-3 1.5A H T0–39 0.5A Schematic Diagram 20149008 www.national.com 2 LM117JAN Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note 1) Power Dissipation (Note 2) Internally Limited Input-Output Voltage Differential +40V, −0.3V −65˚C ≤ TA ≤ +150˚C Storage Temperature Maximum Junction Temperature (TJmax) +150˚C Lead Temperature 300˚C Metal Package Thermal Resistance θJA T0–3 Still Air 39˚C/W T0–3 500LF/Min Air flow 14˚C/W T0–39 Still Air 186˚C/W T0–39 500LF/Min Air flow 64˚C/W θJC T0–3 1.9˚C/W T0–39 Metal Can 21˚C/W ESD Tolerance (Note 3) 3KV Recommended Operating Conditions −55˚C ≤ TA ≤ +125˚C Operating Temperature Range Input Voltage Range 4.25V to 41.25V Quality Conformance Inspection MIL-STD-883, Method 5005 - Group A Subgroup Description 1 Static tests at Temp ˚C 25 2 Static tests at 125 3 Static tests at -55 4 Dynamic tests at 25 5 Dynamic tests at 125 6 Dynamic tests at -55 7 Functional tests at 25 8A Functional tests at 125 8B Functional tests at -55 9 Switching tests at 25 10 Switching tests at 125 11 Switching tests at -55 12 Settling time at 25 13 Settling time at 125 14 Settling time at -55 3 www.national.com LM117JAN LM117H JAN Electrical Characteristics DC Parameters Symbol VO VRLine VRLoad Min Max Unit Subgroup VI = 4.25V, IL = -5mA 1.2 1.3 V 1, 2, 3 VI = 4.25V, IL = -500mA 1.2 1.3 V 1, 2, 3 VI = 41.25V, IL = -5mA 1.2 1.3 V 1, 2, 3 VI = 41.25V, IL = -50mA 1.2 1.3 V 1, 2, 3 4.25V ≤ VI ≤ 41.25V, IL = -5mA -9.0 9.0 mV 1 -23 23 mV 2, 3 VI = 6.25V, -500mA ≤ IL ≤ -5mA -12 12 mV 1, 2, 3 VI = 41.25V, -50mA ≤ IL ≤ -5mA -12 12 mV 1, 2, 3 Parameter Output Voltage Line Regulation Load Regulation Conditions Notes θR Thermal Regulation VI = 14.6V, IL = -500mA -12 12 mV 1 IAdj Adjust Pin Current VI = 4.25V, IL = -5mA -100 -15 µA 1, 2, 3 VI = 41.25V, IL = -5mA -100 -15 µA 1, 2, 3 ∆IAdj / Line Adjust Pin Current Change 4.25V ≤ VI ≤ 41.25V, IL = -5mA -5.0 5.0 µA 1, 2, 3 ∆IAdj / Load Adjust Pin Current Change VI = 6.25V, -500mA ≤ IL ≤ -5mA -5.0 5.0 µA 1, 2, 3 IOS Output Short Circuit Current VI = 4.25V -1.8 -0.5 A 1, 2, 3 VI = 40V -0.5 -0.05 A 1, 2, 3 VO Recov Output Voltage Recovery VI = 4.25V, RL = 2.5Ω, CL = 20µF 1.2 1.3 V 1, 2, 3 VI = 40V, RL = 250Ω 1.2 1.3 V 1, 2, 3 VI = 4.25V, Forced VO = 1.4V -3.0 -0.5 mA 1, 2, 3 VI = 14.25V, Forced VO = 1.4V -3.0 -0.5 mA 1, 2, 3 VI = 41.25V, Forced VO = 1.4V -5.0 -1.0 mA 1, 2, 3 1.2 1.3 V 1, 2, 3 (Note 4) 1.2 1.3 V 2 Notes Min Max Unit Subgroup 120 µVRMS 7 6 mV/V 7 0.6 mV/mA 7 dB 4 IQ Minimum Load Current VStart Voltage Start-Up VI = 4.25V, RL = 2.5Ω, CL=20µF, IL = -500mA VO Output Voltage VI = 6.25V, IL = -5mA AC Parameters Symbol Parameter Conditions VNO Output Noise Voltage VI = 6.25V, IL = -50mA ∆VO / ∆VI Line Transient Response VI = 6.25V, ∆VI = 3V, IL = -10mA ∆VO / ∆IL Load Transient Response VI = 6.25V, ∆IL = -200mA, IL = -50mA ∆VI / ∆VO Ripple Rejection VI = 6.25V, IL = -125mA eI = 1VRMS at ƒ = 2400Hz, www.national.com 4 65 JAN Electrical Characteristics LM117JAN LM117H (Continued) DC Drift Parameters Deltas performed on JAN S devices at Group B, Subgroup 5, only. Symbol VO Parameter Output Voltage Min Max Unit Subgroup VI = 4.25V, IL = -5mA -0.01 0.01 V 1 VI = 4.25V, IL = -500mA -0.01 0.01 V 1 VI = 41.25V, IL = -5mA -0.01 0.01 V 1 VI = 41.25V, IL = -50mA -0.01 0.01 V 1 -4.0 4.0 mV 1 Conditions Notes VRLine Line Regulation 4.25V ≤ VI ≤ 41.25V, IL = -5mA IAdj Adjust Pin Current VI = 4.25V, IL = -5mA -10 10 µA 1 VI = 41.25V, IL = -5mA -10 10 µA 1 5 www.national.com LM117JAN LM117K JAN Electrical Characteristics DC Parameters Symbol VO VRLine VRLoad Min Max Unit Subgroup VI = 4.25V, IL = -5mA 1.2 1.3 V 1, 2, 3 VI = 4.25V, IL = -1.5A 1.2 1.3 V 1, 2, 3 VI = 41.25V, IL = -5mA 1.2 1.3 V 1, 2, 3 VI = 41.25V, IL = -200mA 1.2 1.3 V 1, 2, 3 4.25V ≤ VI ≤ 41.25V, IL = -5mA -9.0 9.0 mV 1 -23 23 mV 2, 3 VI = 6.25V, -1.5A ≤ IL ≤ -5mA -3.5 3.5 mV 1 -12 12 mV 2, 3 VI = 41.25V, -200mA ≤ IL ≤ -5mA -3.5 3.5 mV 1 -12 12 mV 2, 3 Parameter Output Voltage Line Regulation Load Regulation Conditions Notes θR Thermal Regulation VI = 14.6V, IL = -1.5A -12 12 mV 1 IAdj Adjust Pin Current VI = 4.25V, IL = -5mA -100 -15 µA 1, 2, 3 VI = 41.25V, IL = -5mA -100 -15 µA 1, 2, 3 ∆IAdj / Line Adjust Pin Current Change 4.25V ≤ VI ≤ 41.25V, IL = -5mA -5.0 5.0 µA 1, 2, 3 ∆IAdj / Load Adjust Pin Current Change VI = 6.25V, -1.5A ≤ IL ≤ -5mA -5.0 5.0 µA 1, 2, 3 IOS VI = 4.25V -3.5 -1.5 A 1, 2, 3 VI = 40V -1.0 -0.18 A 1, 2, 3 1.2 1.3 V 1, 2, 3 Output Short Circuit Current VO Recov Output Voltage Recovery VI = 4.25V, RL = 0.833Ω, CL = 20µF VI = 40V, RL = 250Ω 1.2 1.3 V 1, 2, 3 IQ Minimum Load Current VI = 4.25V, Forced VO = 1.4V -3.0 -0.2 mA 1, 2, 3 VI = 14.25V, Forced VO = 1.4V -3.0 -0.2 mA 1, 2, 3 VI = 41.25V, Forced VO = 1.4V -5.0 -0.2 mA 1, 2, 3 1.2 1.3 V 1, 2, 3 (Note 4) 1.2 1.3 V 2 Notes Min Max Unit Subgroup VStart Voltage Start-Up VI = 4.25V, RL = 0.833Ω, CL=20µF, IL = -1.5A VO Output Voltage VI = 6.25V, IL = -5mA AC Parameters Symbol Parameter Conditions VNO Output Noise Voltage VI = 6.25V, IL = -100mA 120 µVRMS 7 ∆VO / ∆VI Line Transient Response VI = 6.25V, ∆VI = 3V, IL = -10mA (Note 5) 18 mV 7 ∆VO / ∆IL Load Transient Response VI = 6.25V, ∆IL = -400mA, IL = -100mA (Note 6) 120 mV 7 ∆VI / ∆VO Ripple Rejection VI = 6.25V, IL = -500mA eI = 1VRMS at ƒ = 2400Hz, dB 4 www.national.com 6 65 JAN Electrical Characteristics LM117JAN LM117K (Continued) DC Drift Parameters Deltas performed on JAN S devices at Group B, Subgroup 5, only. Symbol VO Parameter Output Voltage Min Max Unit Subgroup VI = 4.25V, IL = -5mA -0.01 0.01 V 1 VI = 4.25V, IL = -1.5A -0.01 0.01 V 1 VI = 41.25V, IL = -5mA -0.01 0.01 V 1 VI = 41.25V, IL = -200mA -0.01 0.01 V 1 -4.0 4.0 mV 1 Conditions Notes VRLine Line Regulation 4.25V ≤ VI ≤ 41.25V, IL = -5mA IAdj Adjust Pin Current VI = 4.25V, IL = -5mA -10 10 µA 1 VI = 41.25V, IL = -5mA -10 10 µA 1 Note 1: Absolute Maximum Ratings indicate limits beyond which damage to the device may occur. Operating Ratings indicate conditions for which the device is functional, but do not guarantee specific performance limits. For guaranteed specifications and test conditions, see the Electrical Characteristics. The guaranteed specifications apply only for the test conditions listed. Some performance characteristics may degrade when the device is not operated under the listed test conditions. Note 2: The maximum power dissipation must be derated at elevated temperatures and is dictated by TJmax (maximum junction temperature), θJA (package junction to ambient thermal resistance), and TA (ambient temperature). The maximum allowable power dissipation at any temperature is PDmax = (TJmax - TA)/θJA or the number given in the Absolute Maximum Ratings, whichever is lower. "Although power dissipation is internally limited, these specifications are applicable for power dissipations of 2W for the TO39 package and 20W for the TO3 package." Note 3: Human body model, 100 pF discharged through a 1.5 kΩ resistor. Note 4: Tested @ TA = 125˚C, correlated to TA = 150˚C Note 5: SS limit of 6mV/V is equivalent to 18mV Note 6: SS limit of 0.3mV/V is equivalent to 120mV 7 www.national.com LM117JAN Typical Performance Characteristics Output Capacitor = 0µF unless otherwise noted Load Regulation Current Limit 20149037 20149038 Adjustment Current Dropout Voltage 20149040 20149039 Temperature Stability Minimum Operating Current 20149041 www.national.com 20149042 8 Ripple Rejection (Continued) Ripple Rejection 20149044 20149043 Ripple Rejection Output Impedance 20149046 20149045 Line Transient Response Load Transient Response 20149047 20149048 9 www.national.com LM117JAN Typical Performance Characteristics Output Capacitor = 0µF unless otherwise noted LM117JAN can cause excessive ringing. This occurs with values between 500 pF and 5000 pF. A 1µF solid tantalum (or 25µF aluminum electrolytic) on the output swamps this effect and insures stability. Any increase of the load capacitance larger than 10µF will merely improve the loop stability and output impedance. Application Hints In operation, the LM117 develops a nominal 1.25V reference voltage, VREF, between the output and adjustment terminal. The reference voltage is impressed across program resistor R1 and, since the voltage is constant, a constant current I1 then flows through the output set resistor R2, giving an output voltage of LOAD REGULATION The LM117 is capable of providing extremely good load regulation but a few precautions are needed to obtain maximum performance. The current set resistor connected between the adjustment terminal and the output terminal (usually 240Ω) should be tied directly to the output (case) of the regulator rather than near the load. This eliminates line drops from appearing effectively in series with the reference and degrading regulation. For example, a 15V regulator with 0.05Ω resistance between the regulator and load will have a load regulation due to line resistance of 0.05Ω x IL. If the set resistor is connected near the load the effective line resistance will be 0.05Ω (1 + R2/R1) or in this case, 11.5 times worse. Figure 2 shows the effect of resistance between the regulator and 240Ω set resistor. 20149005 FIGURE 1. Since the 100µA current from the adjustment terminal represents an error term, the LM117 was designed to minimize IADJ and make it very constant with line and load changes. To do this, all quiescent operating current is returned to the output establishing a minimum load current requirement. If there is insufficient load on the output, the output will rise. 20149006 FIGURE 2. Regulator with Line Resistance in Output Lead EXTERNAL CAPACITORS An input bypass capacitor is recommended. A 0.1µF disc or 1µF solid tantalum on the input is suitable input bypassing for almost all applications. The device is more sensitive to the absence of input bypassing when adjustment or output capacitors are used but the above values will eliminate the possibility of problems. The adjustment terminal can be bypassed to ground on the LM117 to improve ripple rejection. This bypass capacitor prevents ripple from being amplified as the output voltage is increased. With a 10µF bypass capacitor 80dB ripple rejection is obtainable at any output level. Increases over 10µF do not appreciably improve the ripple rejection at frequencies above 120Hz. If the bypass capacitor is used, it is sometimes necessary to include protection diodes to prevent the capacitor from discharging through internal low current paths and damaging the device. In general, the best type of capacitors to use is solid tantalum. Solid tantalum capacitors have low impedance even at high frequencies. Depending upon capacitor construction, it takes about 25µF in aluminum electrolytic to equal 1µF solid tantalum at high frequencies. Ceramic capacitors are also good at high frequencies; but some types have a large decrease in capacitance at frequencies around 0.5MHz. For this reason, 0.01µF disc may seem to work better than a 0.1µF disc as a bypass. Although the LM117 is stable with no output capacitors, like any feedback circuit, certain values of external capacitance www.national.com With the TO-3 package, it is easy to minimize the resistance from the case to the set resistor, by using two separate leads to the case. However, with the TO-39 package, care should be taken to minimize the wire length of the output lead. The ground of R2 can be returned near the ground of the load to provide remote ground sensing and improve load regulation. PROTECTION DIODES When external capacitors are used with any IC regulator it is sometimes necessary to add protection diodes to prevent the capacitors from discharging through low current points into the regulator. Most 10µF capacitors have low enough internal series resistance to deliver 20A spikes when shorted. Although the surge is short, there is enough energy to damage parts of the IC. When an output capacitor is connected to a regulator and the input is shorted, the output capacitor will discharge into the output of the regulator. The discharge current depends on the value of the capacitor, the output voltage of the regulator, and the rate of decrease of VIN. In the LM117, this discharge path is through a large junction that is able to sustain 15A surge with no problem. This is not true of other types of positive regulators. For output capacitors of 25µF or less, there is no need to use diodes. The bypass capacitor on the adjustment terminal can discharge through a low current junction. Discharge occurs 10 When a value for θ(H−A) is found using the equation shown, a heatsink must be selected that has a value that is less than or equal to this number. θ(H−A) is specified numerically by the heatsink manufacturer in the catalog, or shown in a curve that plots temperature rise vs power dissipation for the heatsink. (Continued) when either the input or output is shorted. Internal to the LM117 is a 50Ω resistor which limits the peak discharge current. No protection is needed for output voltages of 25V or less and 10µF capacitance. Figure 3 shows an LM117 with protection diodes included for use with outputs greater than 25V and high values of output capacitance. 20149007 D1 protects against C1 D2 protects against C2 FIGURE 3. Regulator with Protection Diodes Typical Applications 5V Logic Regulator with Electronic Shutdown* Slow Turn-On 15V Regulator 20149009 20149003 *Min. output ) 1.2V Adjustable Regulator with Improved Ripple Rejection 20149010 †Solid tantalum *Discharges C1 if output is shorted to ground 11 www.national.com LM117JAN Application Hints LM117JAN Typical Applications (Continued) High Stability 10V Regulator 20149011 High Current Adjustable Regulator 20149012 ‡ Optional — improves ripple rejection †Solid tantalum *Minimum load current = 30 mA www.national.com 12 (Continued) LM117JAN Typical Applications Power Follower 0 to 30V Regulator 20149014 20149013 Full output current not available at high input-output voltages 5A Constant Voltage/Constant Current Regulator 20149015 †Solid tantalum *Lights in constant current mode 13 www.national.com LM117JAN Typical Applications (Continued) 1A Current Regulator 1.2V–20V Regulator with Minimum Program Current 20149017 20149016 *Minimum load current ) 4 mA High Gain Amplifier 20149018 Low Cost 3A Switching Regulator 20149019 †Solid tantalum *Core — Arnold A-254168-2 60 turns www.national.com 14 LM117JAN Typical Applications (Continued) 4A Switching Regulator with Overload Protection 20149020 †Solid tantalum *Core — Arnold A-254168-2 60 turns Precision Current Limiter 20149021 Tracking Preregulator 20149022 15 www.national.com LM117JAN Typical Applications (Continued) Current Limited Voltage Regulator 20149023 (Compared to LM117’s higher current limit) — At 50 mA output only 3⁄4 volt of drop occurs in R3 and R4 Adjusting Multiple On-Card Regulators with Single Control* 20149024 *All outputs within ± 100 mV †Minimum load — 10 mA www.national.com 16 LM117JAN Typical Applications (Continued) AC Voltage Regulator 20149025 12V Battery Charger 20149026 Use of RS allows low charging rates with fully charged battery. 50mA Constant Current Battery Charger 20149027 17 www.national.com LM117JAN Typical Applications (Continued) Current Limited 6V Charger Adjustable 4A Regulator 20149029 *Sets peak current (0.6A for 1Ω) **The 1000µF is recommended to filter out input transients Digitally Selected Outputs 20149028 1.2V–25V Adjustable Regulator 20149002 *Sets maximum VOUT 20149001 Full output current not available at high input-output voltages *Needed if device is more than 6 inches from filter capacitors. †Optional — improves transient response. Output capacitors in the range of 1µF to 1000µF of aluminum or tantalum electrolytic are commonly used to provide improved output impedance and rejection of transients. www.national.com 18 LM117JAN Revision History Date Released 03/14/06 Revision A Section New Release to corporate format 19 Originator Changes L. Lytle 2 MDS data sheets were consolidated into one corporate data sheet format. MJLM117–K Rev 0C1 and MJLM117–H Rev 1A1 will be archived. www.national.com LM117JAN Physical Dimensions inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted TO-3 Metal Can Package (K) NS Package Number K02C (TO-39) Metal Can Package NS Package Number H03A www.national.com 20 LM117JAN 3-Terminal Adjustable Regulator Notes National does not assume any responsibility for use of any circuitry described, no circuit patent licenses are implied and National reserves the right at any time without notice to change said circuitry and specifications. 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