Universal Frequency-to-Digital Converter UFDC-1 FEATURES 16 measuring modes and one generator mode 2 channels for frequency and period measurements Provides frequency (time)-to-digital conversion for many types of sensors and transducers Frequency range from 0.05 Hz up to 7.5 MHz without prescaling and 120 MHz with prescaling; Programmable accuracy (relative error) for frequency (period) conversion from 1 % to 0.001% Relative quantization error is constant in all specified frequency range Non-redundant conversion time Scalable resolution Internal reference clock 500 kHz @ 16 MHz quartz oscillator Quartz-accurate automated calibration 3-wire serial interface (SPI compatible) 2-wire interface (I2C compatible) RS232/485 serial interface Master and slave communication modes Frequency generator mode 8 MHz with quartz crystal stability APPLICATIONS Physical and Chemical Sensor Systems Digital Sensors, SoC, SiP Smart and Intelligent Sensors and Systems Industrial and Process Control Data Acquisition Systems Instrumentations Customer Electronics Automotive GENERAL DESCRIPTION The Universal Frequency-to-Digital Converter (UFDC-1) is a fully digital CMOS integrated circuit based on novel patented methods for frequency, period, its ratio, duty-cycle and phase-shift measurements. By using this IC it is possible to build a wide variety of digital, smart sensors and intelligent sensor systems. The device represents a highresolution conversion for data acquisition systems designed to support all range of frequency-time domain and digital sensor applications. It offers high performance with flexibility and requires minimum possible number of external components. FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM The UFDC-1 can be easy included into digital environment, controlled by an external microcontroller (slave mode) or work independently as a separate measuring unit without an external control (master mode). The function selection can be configured in both software and hardware. The IC converts frequency-time domain signals into digital domain and provides interface to microcontroller, DAQ or sensor system to read these digital results. resolution and programmable accuracy during the non-redundant conversion time. The UFDC-1 has 16 measuring and one generating modes. The measuring mode can be hardwareselected by using four selection external pins M0-M2 and the relative error by using four selection pins N0-N2 (RS232 master communication mode). The mode and accuracy can be also selected by using any of three possible interfaces (slave communication mode). A communication interface type (RS232, SPI or I2C) can be automatically selected according to the circuit connection. MEASURING MODES Frequency, fx1 0.05 Hz – 7.5 MHz directly and up to 120 MHz with prescaling Period, Tx1 150 ns – 20 s Phase shift, x 0 - 3600 at fxmax = 500 kHz at 50 % duty-cycle Time interval between start – and stop-pulse, x 2 s – 250 s Duty-cycle, D.C. 0 – 1 at fxmax 500 kHz Duty-off factor, Q 10-8 – 8.106 at fxmax 500 kHz Frequency difference, fx1 – fx2 with sign recognition, 0 – 7.5 MHz Period difference, Tx1 – Tx2 with sign recognition, 0 – 20 s Frequency ratio, fx1/fx2 7 .10-9 – 1.4 . 108 Period ratio, Tx1/Tx2 7.5 . 10-9 – 1.33 . 108 Rotation speed, nx = (fx . 60)/Z, where Z is the number of encoder teeth Pulse width, tp 2 s – 250 s Space interval, ts 2 s – 250 s Pulse number (events) counting, Nx 0 – 4.109 CHARACTERISTICS Single power supply, V: 4.5 – 5.5 External reference frequency, MHz: 16 Internal reference frequency, kHz: 500 Conversion time, s: 0.0002 to 0.2 Supply current (at 16 MHz, 4.5V, 25ºC), mA: 17.5 Operating temperature range -40ºC to +85ºC Storage temperature range -65°C to +150°C PIN-OUT AND HOUSING NOTE: The UFDC-1 can also work with any voltage and current output sensors. It this case, any voltage– to-frequency converter (VFC) can be used. The accuracy of such system will be determined by sensor accuracy as well as by VFC accuracy. ACCURACY The UFDC-1 has programmable relative error from 1 to 0.001 % in all specified range of frequencies for frequency and period measurements. This error is constant and does not depend on the measuring frequencies in all frequency ranges. The UFDC-1 has non-redundant conversion time. The higher conversion accuracy needs longer conversion time. However, it is non-redundant for any selected accuracy and frequency. For time interval, phase shift, pulse width and space measurements the relative error is determined mainly by measurand and can be calculated according to the following equation: 1 q 100%, 16 10 6 t x where tx is the appropriate measuring value of tp, ts or x depending on the mode. The UFDC-1 is available in a 28-lead (0.300"/7.62 mm Wide) Plastic Dual Inline Package (PDIP); 32-lead 7 x 7 mm Body Size, 1.0 mm Body Thickness, 0.8 mm Lead Pitch small Thin Profile Plastic Quad Flat Package (TQFP); and 32-pad, 5 x 5 x 1.0 mm Body, Lead Pitch 0.50 mm, 3.10 mm Exposed Pad, Micro Lead Frame Package (MLF). PIN FUNCTION DESCRIPTIONS RXD TXD FX1 FX2 ST1 VCC GND OS1 OS2 ST2 N2 N3 N0 UFDC-1 SCL SDA M3 A2 (M2) A1 (M1) A0 (M0) GND VCC SCK MISO MOSI __ SS/TEST N1 COMMUNICATION MODES The UFDC-1 can work as an independent measuring unit (master mode), controlled by any external microcontroller (or embedded into a sensor), DAQ board or PC (slave mode). In the master mode, the conversion accuracy and measurement mode should be selected by external switches. In this mode the UFDC-1 works only through the RS232 interface in a unidirectional mode. In the slave mode (with an external microcontroller), all measuring modes and programmed accuracy can be set up by a data bus or through communication I/O ports of master microcontroller. This allows us use the UFDC-1 as a simple peripheral circuit for a microcontroller. A bidirectional data exchange is possible with any of three interfaces RS232, SPI or I2C. The UFDC-1 works as a standard element in different systems with I2C bus architecture, or can be controlled through the RS232 or SPI interfaces. The choice of interface can be performed automatically depend on the circuit connections. TQFP/MLF TOP VIEW UFDC-1 NOTE: Bottom Pad for MLF Package Should be Soldered to Ground. 2 Table. 1 Pin Function Description for TQFP/MLF packages. Pin Number Function Pin Number Function 1 FX2 17 SCK 2 ST1 18 VCC 3 GND 19 - 4 VCC 20 - 5 GND 21 GND 6 VCC 22 - 7 OS1 23 A0 (M0) 8 OS2 24 A1 (M1) 9 ST2 25 A2 (M2) 10 N2 26 M3 11 N3 27 SDA 12 N0 28 SCL 13 N1 29 - 14 SS/TEST 30 RXD 15 MOSI 31 TDX 16 MISO 32 FX1 This device can also be supplied in wafer form. Please contact Technology Assistance BCNA 2010 S. L. sales office for detailed ordering information and minimum quantities. For more detailed information, specifications and application notes the following document are strongly recommended: Universal Frequency-to-Digital Converter (UFDC-1): Specification and Application Note Technology Assistance BCNA 2010, S. L. Riera de Tena, No. 9 Local 4, 08014, Barcelona, Spain Tel.:+34 680 282 682 E-mail: [email protected] Web: http://www. techassist2010.com 3