HT48R063/064/065/066/0662/067 Enhanced I/O Type 8-Bit OTP MCU Technical Document · Application Note - HA0075E MCU Reset and Oscillator Circuits Application Note Features CPU Features · Table read instructions · Operating voltage: · 63 powerful instructions · Up to 8-level subroutine nesting fSYS= 4MHz: 2.2V~5.5V fSYS= 8MHz: 3.0V~5.5V fSYS= 12MHz: 4.5V~5.5V · Bit manipulation instruction · Low voltage reset function · Up to 0.33ms instruction cycle with 12MHz system · Wide range of available package types clock at VDD= 5V · Idle/Sleep mode and wake-up functions to reduce Peripheral Features power consumption · Up to 42 bidirectional I/O lines · Oscillator types: · Software controlled 4-SCOM lines LCD COM driver External high freuency Crystal -- HXT External RC -- ERC Internal high frequency RC -- HIRC External low frequency crystal -- LXT with 1/2 bias · External interrupt input shared with an I/O line · Up to three 8-bit programmable Timer/Event Counter with overflow interrupt and prescaler · Four operational modes: Normal, Slow, Idle, Sleep · Time-Base function · Fully integrated internal 4MHz, 8MHz and 12MHz · Programmable Frequency Divider - PFD oscillator requires no external components · Up to 3 channel 8-bit PWM · Watchdog Timer function · LIRC oscillator function for watchdog timer · All instructions executed in one or two instruction cycles General Description The Enhanced I/O MCUs are a series of 8-bit high performance, RISC architecture microcontrollers specifically designed for a wide range of applications. The usual Holtek microcontroller features of low power consumption, I/O flexibility, timer functions, oscillator options, power down and wake-up functions, watchdog timer and low voltage reset, combine to provide devices with a huge range of functional options while still main- Rev. 1.10 taining a high level of cost effectiveness. The fully integrated system oscillator HIRC, which requires no external components and which has three frequency selections, opens up a huge range of new application possibilities for these devices, some of which may include industrial control, consumer products, household appliances subsystem controllers, etc. 1 June 9, 2009 HT48R063/064/065/066/0662/067 Selection Table Program Memory Data Memory I/O Timer Time Base HIRC (MHz) RTC (LXT) LCD SCOM PFD PWM Stack Package Type HT48R063 1K´14 64´8 14 8-bit´1 1 4/8/12 Ö ¾ PFD/ PFD ¾ 2 16DIP/NSOP HT48R064 1K´14 64´8 22 8-bit´1 1 4 Ö 4 PFD/ PFD ¾ 4 16DIP/NSOP, 20DIP/SOP/SSOP, 24SKDIP/SOP/SSOP HT48R065 2K´15 96´8 26 8-bit´1 1 4/8/12 Ö 4 PFD/ PFD ¾ 4 16DIP/NSOP, 20DIP/SOP/SSOP, 24SKDIP/SOP/SSOP, 28SKDIP/SOP/SSOP 8-bit´2 1 4/8/12 Ö 4 PFD/ PFD ¾ 4 16DIP/NSOP, 20DIP/SOP/SSOP, 24SKDIP/SOP/SSOP, 28SKDIP/SOP/SSOP Part No. HT48R066 4K´15 128´8 26 HT48R0662 4K´15 224´8 42 8-bit´2 1 4/8/12 Ö (*) 4 PFD 8-bit´2 6 24SKDIP/SOP/SSOP, 28SKDIP/SOP/SSOP, 44QFP HT48R067 8K´16 384´8 42 8-bit´3 1 4/8/12 Ö (*) 4 PFD 8-bit´3 8 24SKDIP/SOP/SSOP, 28SKDIP/SOP/SSOP, 44QFP Note: ²*² the oscillator is connected to the XT1/XT2 pins with TinyPowerTM design. Block Diagram The following block diagram illustrates the main functional blocks. T im in g G e r n e r a tio n L C D S C O M P W M D r iv e r P F D D r iv e r I/O P o rts 8 - b it R IS C M C U C o re T im e r Rev. 1.10 T im e B a s e 2 R O M /R A M M e m o ry June 9, 2009 HT48R063/064/065/066/0662/067 Pin Assignment P A 3 /IN T 1 2 0 P A 4 P A 2 /T C 0 2 1 9 P A 5 /O S C 2 P A 3 /IN T 1 1 6 P A 4 P A 3 /IN T 1 1 6 P A 4 P A 1 /P F D 3 1 8 P A 6 /O S C 1 P A 2 /T C 0 2 1 5 P A 5 /O S C 2 P A 2 /T C 0 2 1 5 P A 5 /O S C 2 P A 0 /P F D 4 1 7 P A 7 /R E S P A 1 /P F D 3 1 4 P A 6 /O S C 1 P A 1 /P F D 3 1 4 P A 6 /O S C 1 V S S 5 1 6 V D D P A 0 /P F D 4 1 3 P A 7 /R E S P A 0 /P F D 4 1 3 P A 7 /R E S P C 0 6 1 5 P C 3 V S S 5 1 2 V D D V S S 5 1 2 V D D P C 1 7 1 4 P C 2 P B 0 6 1 1 P B 5 P B 0 /S C O M 0 6 1 1 P B 5 P B 0 /S C O M 0 8 1 3 P B 5 P B 1 7 1 0 P B 4 P B 1 /S C O M 1 7 1 0 P B 4 P B 1 /S C O M 1 9 1 2 P B 4 P B 2 8 9 P B 3 P B 2 /S C O M 2 8 9 P B 3 /S C O M 3 P B 2 /S C O M 2 1 0 1 1 P B 3 /S C O M 3 H T 4 8 R 0 6 3 1 6 D IP -A /N S O P -A H T 4 8 R 0 6 4 H T 4 8 R 0 6 5 1 6 D IP -A /N S O P -A H T 4 8 R 0 6 4 H T 4 8 R 0 6 5 2 0 D IP -A /S O P -A /S S O P -A P A 3 /IN T 1 2 8 P A 4 P A 2 /T C 0 2 2 7 P A 5 /O S C 2 P A 3 /IN T 1 2 4 P A 4 3 2 6 P A 6 /O S C 1 P A 2 /T C 0 2 P A 1 /P F D 2 3 P A 5 /O S C 2 4 2 5 P A 7 /R E S P A 1 /P F D 3 P A 0 /P F D 2 2 P A 6 /O S C 1 5 2 4 V D D P A 0 /P F D 4 V S S 2 1 P A 7 /R E S 6 2 3 P C 5 V S S 5 P C 6 2 0 V D D 7 2 2 P C 4 P A 3 /IN T 1 1 6 P A 4 /T C 1 P C 6 6 P C 7 1 9 P C 5 8 2 1 P C 3 P A 2 /T C 0 2 1 5 P A 5 /O S C 2 P C 7 7 P C 0 1 8 P C 4 9 2 0 P C 2 P A 1 /P F D 3 1 4 P A 6 /O S C 1 P C 0 8 P C 1 1 7 P C 3 1 0 1 9 P D 3 P A 0 /P F D 4 1 3 P A 7 /R E S P C 1 9 P D 0 1 6 P C 2 1 1 1 8 P D 2 V S S 5 1 2 V D D P B 0 /S C O M 0 1 0 P D 1 1 5 P B 5 1 2 1 7 P B 5 P B 0 /S C O M 0 6 1 1 P B 5 P B 1 /S C O M 1 1 1 P B 0 /S C O M 0 1 4 P B 4 1 3 1 6 P B 4 P B 1 /S C O M 1 7 1 0 P B 4 P B 2 /S C O M 2 1 2 P B 1 /S C O M 1 1 3 P B 3 /S C O M 3 P B 2 /S C O M 2 1 4 1 5 P B 3 /S C O M 3 P B 2 /S C O M 2 8 9 H T 4 8 R 0 6 4 H T 4 8 R 0 6 5 2 4 S K D IP -A /S O P -A /S S O P -A H T 4 8 R 0 6 5 2 8 S K D IP -A /S O P -A /S S O P -A P B 3 /S C O M 3 H T 4 8 R 0 6 6 1 6 D IP -A /N S O P -A P A 3 /IN T 1 2 8 P A 4 /T C 1 P A 2 /T C 0 2 2 7 P A 5 /O S C 2 P A 3 /IN T 1 2 4 P A 4 /T C 1 P A 1 /P F D 3 2 6 P A 6 /O S C 1 P A 2 /T C 0 2 2 3 P A 5 /O S C 2 P A 0 /P F D 4 2 5 P A 7 /R E S P A 3 /IN T 1 2 0 P A 4 /T C 1 P A 1 /P F D 3 2 2 P A 6 /O S C 1 V S S 5 2 4 V D D P A 2 /T C 0 2 1 9 P A 5 /O S C 2 P A 0 /P F D 4 2 1 P A 7 /R E S P C 6 6 2 3 P C 5 P A 1 /P F D 3 1 8 P A 6 /O S C 1 V S S 5 2 0 V D D P C 7 7 2 2 P C 4 P A 0 /P F D 4 1 7 P A 7 /R E S P C 6 6 1 9 P C 5 P C 0 8 2 1 P C 3 V S S 5 1 6 V D D P C 7 7 1 8 P C 4 P C 1 9 2 0 P C 2 P C 0 6 1 5 P C 3 P C 0 8 1 7 P C 3 P D 0 1 0 1 9 P D 3 P C 1 7 1 4 P C 2 P C 1 9 1 6 P C 2 P D 1 1 1 1 8 P D 2 P B 0 /S C O M 0 8 1 3 P B 5 P B 0 /S C O M 0 1 0 1 5 P B 5 P B 0 /S C O M 0 1 2 1 7 P B 5 P B 1 /S C O M 1 9 1 2 P B 4 P B 1 /S C O M 1 1 1 1 4 P B 4 P B 1 /S C O M 1 1 3 1 6 P B 4 P B 2 /S C O M 2 1 0 1 1 P B 3 /S C O M 3 P B 2 /S C O M 2 1 2 1 3 P B 3 /S C O M 3 P B 2 /S C O M 2 1 4 1 5 P B 3 /S C O M 3 H T 4 8 R 0 6 6 2 0 D IP -A /S O P -A /S S O P -A Rev. 1.10 H T 4 8 R 0 6 6 2 4 S K D IP -A /S O P -A /S S O P -A 3 H T 4 8 R 0 6 6 2 8 S K D IP -A /S O P -A /S S O P -A June 9, 2009 HT48R063/064/065/066/0662/067 P A 3 /IN T 1 2 8 P A 4 /P W M 0 /T C 1 P A 2 /T C 0 2 2 7 P A 5 /O S C 2 P A 1 /P F D 3 2 6 P A 6 /O S C 1 P A 3 /IN T 1 2 4 P A 4 /P W M 0 /T C 1 P A 2 /T C 0 2 2 3 P A 5 /O S C 2 P A 0 4 2 5 P A 7 /R E S P A 1 /P F D 3 2 2 P A 6 /O S C 1 V S S 5 2 4 V D D P A 0 4 2 1 P A 7 /R E S P C 6 6 2 3 P C 5 /X T 1 V S S 5 2 0 V D D P C 7 7 2 2 P C 4 /X T 2 P C 6 6 1 9 P C 5 /X T 1 P C 0 8 2 1 P C 3 /P W M 1 P C 7 7 1 8 P C 4 /X T 2 P C 1 9 2 0 P C 2 P C 0 8 1 7 P C 3 /P W M 1 P D 0 1 0 1 9 P D 3 P C 1 9 1 6 P C 2 P D 1 1 1 1 8 P D 2 P B 0 /S C O M 0 1 0 1 5 P B 5 /[IN T ] P B 0 /S C O M 0 1 2 1 7 P B 5 /[IN T ] P B 1 /S C O M 1 1 1 1 4 P B 4 /[T C 0 ] P B 1 /S C O M 1 1 3 1 6 P B 4 /[T C 0 ] P B 2 /S C O M 2 1 2 1 3 P B 3 /[P F D ]/S C O M 3 P B 2 /S C O M 2 1 4 1 5 P B 3 /[P F D ]/S C O M 3 H T 4 8 R 0 6 6 2 2 4 S K D IP -A /S O P -A /S S O P -A H T 4 8 R 0 6 6 2 2 8 S K D IP -A /S O P -A /S S O P -A V D P A 7 /R E P A 6 /O S C P A 5 /O S C P A 4 /P W M 0 /T C P A 3 /IN P A 2 /T C P A 1 /P F P A V S P C V D P A 7 /R E P A 6 /O S C P A 5 /O S C P A 4 /P W M 0 /T C P A 3 /IN P A 2 /T C P A 1 /P F P A V S P C D D D D S S S S T T 0 1 2 1 0 6 0 1 1 2 0 6 P C 7 P C 0 P C 1 P E 0 P E 1 P E 2 P E 3 P E 4 P E 5 P E 6 P E 7 4 4 4 3 4 2 4 1 4 0 3 9 3 8 3 7 3 6 3 5 3 4 1 3 3 2 3 2 3 3 1 4 3 0 5 2 9 H T 4 8 R 0 6 6 2 4 4 Q F P -A 6 7 2 8 2 7 8 2 6 9 2 5 1 0 2 4 1 1 1 2 1 3 1 4 1 5 1 6 1 7 1 8 1 9 2 0 2 1 2 2 2 3 P C 5 /X T 1 P C 4 /X T 2 P C 3 /P W M 1 P C 2 P D 7 P D 6 P D 5 P D 4 P D 3 P D 2 P F 1 P C 7 P C 0 P C 1 P E 0 P E 1 P E 2 P E 3 P E 4 P E 5 P E 6 P E 7 4 4 4 3 4 2 4 1 4 0 3 9 3 8 3 7 3 6 3 5 3 4 1 3 3 2 3 2 3 3 1 4 3 0 5 2 9 H T 4 8 R 0 6 7 4 4 Q F P -A 6 7 2 8 2 7 8 2 6 9 2 5 1 0 1 1 2 4 1 2 1 3 1 4 1 5 1 6 1 7 1 8 1 9 2 0 2 1 2 2 2 3 P C 5 P C 4 P C 3 P C 2 P D 7 P D 6 P D 5 P D 4 P D 3 P D 2 P F 1 /X T /X T /P W /P W 1 2 M 1 M 2 /T C 2 P F 0 P B 7 P B 6 P B 5 P B 4 P B 3 P B 2 P B 1 P B 0 P D 1 P D 0 P F 0 P B 7 P B 6 P B 5 P B 4 P B 3 P B 2 P B 1 P B 0 P D 1 P D 0 /[IN /[T C /[P F /S C /S C /S C /[IN /[T C /[P F /S C /S C /S C T ] 0 ] D ]/S C O M 3 O M 2 O M 1 O M 0 T ] 0 ] D ]/S C O M 3 O M 2 O M 1 O M 0 P A 3 /IN T 1 2 8 P A 4 /P W M 0 /T C 1 P A 2 /T C 0 2 2 7 P A 5 /O S C 2 P A 1 /P F D 3 2 6 P A 6 /O S C 1 P A 3 /IN T 1 2 4 P A 4 /P W M 0 /T C 1 P A 2 /T C 0 2 2 3 P A 5 /O S C 2 P A 0 4 2 5 P A 7 /R E S P A 1 /P F D 3 2 2 P A 6 /O S C 1 V S S 5 2 4 V D D P A 0 4 2 1 P A 7 /R E S P C 6 6 2 3 P C 5 /X T 1 V S S 5 2 0 V D D P C 7 7 2 2 P C 4 /X T 2 P C 6 6 1 9 P C 5 /X T 1 P C 0 8 2 1 P C 3 /P W M 1 P C 7 7 1 8 P C 4 /X T 2 P C 1 9 2 0 P C 2 /P W M 2 P C 0 8 1 7 P C 3 /P W M 1 P D 0 1 0 1 9 P D 3 P C 1 9 1 6 P C 2 /P W M 2 P D 1 1 1 1 8 P D 2 /T C 2 P B 0 /S C O M 0 1 0 1 5 P B 5 /[IN T ] P B 0 /S C O M 0 1 2 1 7 P B 5 /[IN T ] P B 1 /S C O M 1 1 1 1 4 P B 4 /[T C 0 ] P B 1 /S C O M 1 1 3 1 6 P B 4 /[T C 0 ] P B 2 /S C O M 2 1 2 1 3 P B 3 /[P F D ]/S C O M 3 P B 2 /S C O M 2 1 4 1 5 P B 3 /[P F D ]/S C O M 3 H T 4 8 R 0 6 7 2 4 S K D IP -A /S O P -A /S S O P -A H T 4 8 R 0 6 7 2 8 S K D IP -A /S O P -A /S S O P -A Note: Bracketed pin names indicate non-default pinout remapping locations. Rev. 1.10 4 June 9, 2009 HT48R063/064/065/066/0662/067 Pin Description HT48R063 Pin Name Function OPT I/T PA0 PAPU PAWK ST CMOS General purpose I/O. Register enabled pull-up and wake-up. PFD CTRL0 ¾ CMOS PFD output PA1 PAPU PAWK ST CMOS General purpose I/O. Register enabled pull-up and wake-up. PFD CTRL0 ¾ CMOS Complementary PFD output PA2 PAPU PAWK ST CMOS General purpose I/O. Register enabled pull-up and wake-up. TC0 ¾ ST PA3 PAPU PAWK ST INT ¾ ST PA4 PAPU PAWK ST CMOS General purpose I/O. Register enabled pull-up and wake-up. PA5 PAPU PAWK ST CMOS General purpose I/O. Register enabled pull-up and wake-up. OSC2 CO ¾ PA6 PAPU PAWK ST OSC1 CO OSC PA7 PAWK ST RES CO ST PB0~PB5 PBn PBPU ST VDD VDD ¾ PWR ¾ Power supply VSS VSS ¾ PWR ¾ Ground PA0/PFD PA1/PFD PA2/TC0 PA3/INT PA4 PA5/OSC2 PA6/OSC1 PA7/RES Note: O/T ¾ Description External Timer 0 clock input CMOS General purpose I/O. Register enabled pull-up and wake-up. ¾ OSC External interrupt input Oscillator pin CMOS General purpose I/O. Register enabled pull-up and wake-up. ¾ Oscillator pin NMOS General purpose I/O. Register enabled wake-up. ¾ Reset input CMOS General purpose I/O. Register enabled pull-up. I/T: Input type; O/T: Output type OPT: Optional by configuration option (CO) or register option PWR: Power; CO: Configuration option ST: Schmitt Trigger input; CMOS: CMOS output HXT: High frequency crystal oscillator LXT: Low frequency crystal oscillator Rev. 1.10 5 June 9, 2009 HT48R063/064/065/066/0662/067 HT48R064 Pin Name Function OPT I/T PA0 PAPU PAWK ST CMOS General purpose I/O. Register enabled pull-up and wake-up. PFD CTRL0 ¾ CMOS PFD output PA1 PAPU PAWK ST CMOS General purpose I/O. Register enabled pull-up and wake-up. PFD CTRL0 ¾ CMOS Complementary PFD output PA2 PAPU PAWK ST CMOS General purpose I/O. Register enabled pull-up and wake-up. TC0 ¾ ST PA3 PAPU PAWK ST INT ¾ ST PA4 PAPU PAWK ST CMOS General purpose I/O. Register enabled pull-up and wake-up. PA5 PAPU PAWK ST CMOS General purpose I/O. Register enabled pull-up and wake-up. OSC2 CO ¾ PA6 PAPU PAWK ST OSC1 CO OSC PA7 PAWK ST RES CO ST PB0 PBPU ST SCOM0 SCOMC ¾ SCOM Software controlled 1/2 bias LCD COM PB1 PBPU ST CMOS General purpose I/O. Register enabled pull-up. SCOM1 SCOMC ¾ SCOM Software controlled 1/2 bias LCD COM PB2 PBPU ST CMOS General purpose I/O. Register enabled pull-up. SCOM2 SCOMC ¾ SCOM Software controlled 1/2 bias LCD COM PB3 PBPU ST CMOS General purpose I/O. Register enabled pull-up. SCOM3 SCOMC ¾ SCOM Software controlled 1/2 bias LCD COM PB4, PB5 PB4, PB5 PBPU ST CMOS General purpose I/O. Register enabled pull-up. PC0~PC7 PCn PCPU ST CMOS General purpose I/O. Register enabled pull-up. VDD VDD ¾ PWR ¾ Power supply VSS VSS ¾ PWR ¾ Ground PA0/PFD PA1/PFD PA2/TC0 PA3/INT PA4 PA5/OSC2 PA6/OSC1 PA7/RES PB0/SCOM0 PB1/SCOM1 PB2/SCOM2 PB3/SCOM3 Note: O/T ¾ Description External Timer 0 clock input CMOS General purpose I/O. Register enabled pull-up and wake-up. ¾ OSC External interrupt input Oscillator pin CMOS General purpose I/O. Register enabled pull-up and wake-up. ¾ Oscillator pin NMOS General purpose I/O. Register enabled wake-up. ¾ Reset input CMOS General purpose I/O. Register enabled pull-up. I/T: Input type; O/T: Output type OPT: Optional by configuration option (CO) or register option PWR: Power; CO: Configuration option ST: Schmitt Trigger input; CMOS: CMOS output SCOM: Software controlled LCD COM HXT: High frequency crystal oscillator LXT: Low frequency crystal oscillator Rev. 1.10 6 June 9, 2009 HT48R063/064/065/066/0662/067 HT48R065, HT48R066 Pin Name Function OPT I/T PA0 PAPU PAWK ST CMOS General purpose I/O. Register enabled pull-up and wake-up. PFD CTRL0 ¾ CMOS PFD output PA1 PAPU PAWK ST CMOS General purpose I/O. Register enabled pull-up and wake-up. PFD CTRL0 ¾ CMOS Complementary PFD output PA2 PAPU PAWK ST CMOS General purpose I/O. Register enabled pull-up and wake-up. TC0 ¾ ST PA3 PAPU PAWK ST INT ¾ ST PA4 PAPU PAWK ST TC1 ¾ ST PA5 PAPU PAWK ST OSC2 CO ¾ PA6 PAPU PAWK ST OSC1 CO OSC PA7 PAWK ST RES CO ST PB0 PBPU ST SCOM0 SCOMC ¾ SCOM Software controlled 1/2 bias LCD COM PB1 PBPU ST CMOS General purpose I/O. Register enabled pull-up. SCOM1 SCOMC ¾ SCOM Software controlled 1/2 bias LCD COM PB2 PBPU ST CMOS General purpose I/O. Register enabled pull-up. SCOM2 SCOMC ¾ SCOM Software controlled 1/2 bias LCD COM PB3 PBPU ST CMOS General purpose I/O. Register enabled pull-up. SCOM3 SCOMC ¾ SCOM Software controlled 1/2 bias LCD COM PB4, PB5 PBn PBPU ST CMOS General purpose I/O. Register enabled pull-up. PC0~PC7 PCn PCPU ST CMOS General purpose I/O. Register enabled pull-up. PD0~PD3 PDn PDPU ST CMOS General purpose I/O. Register enabled pull-up. VDD VDD ¾ PWR ¾ Power supply VSS VSS ¾ PWR ¾ Ground PA0/PFD PA1/PFD PA2/TC0 PA3/INT PA4/TC1 PA5/OSC2 PA6/OSC1 PA7/RES PB0/SCOM0 PB1/SCOM1 PB2/SCOM2 PB3/SCOM3 Note: O/T ¾ Description External Timer 0 clock input CMOS General purpose I/O. Register enabled pull-up and wake-up. ¾ External interrupt input CMOS General purpose I/O. Register enabled pull-up and wake-up. ¾ External Timer 1 clock input - HT48R065 doesn¢t have TC1 CMOS General purpose I/O. Register enabled pull-up and wake-up. OSC Oscillator pin CMOS General purpose I/O. Register enabled pull-up and wake-up. ¾ Oscillator pin NMOS General purpose I/O. Register enabled wake-up. ¾ Reset input CMOS General purpose I/O. Register enabled pull-up. I/T: Input type; O/T: Output type OPT: Optional by configuration option (CO) or register option PWR: Power; CO: Configuration option ST: Schmitt Trigger input; CMOS: CMOS output SCOM: Software controlled LCD COM HXT: High frequency crystal oscillator LXT: Low frequency crystal oscillator Rev. 1.10 7 June 9, 2009 HT48R063/064/065/066/0662/067 HT48R0662, HT48R067 Pin Name PA0 Function OPT I/T PA0 PAPU PAWK ST CMOS General purpose I/O. Register enabled pull-up and wake-up. PA1 PAPU PAWK ST CMOS General purpose I/O. Register enabled pull-up and wake-up. PFD CTRL0 ¾ CMOS PFD output PA2 PAPU PAWK ST CMOS General purpose I/O. Register enabled pull-up and wake-up. TC0 ¾ ST PA3 PAPU PAWK ST INT ¾ ST PA4 PAPU PAWK ST TC1 ¾ ST PWM0 CTRL0 ¾ CMOS PWM output PA5 PAPU PAWK ST CMOS General purpose I/O. Register enabled pull-up and wake-up. OSC2 CO ¾ PA6 PAPU PAWK ST OSC1 CO OSC PA7 PAWK ST RES CO ST PB0 PBPU ST PA1/PFD PA2/TC0 PA3/INT PA4/TC1/PWM0 PA5/OSC2 PA6/OSC1 PA7/RES PB0/SCOM0 SCOM0 SCOMC PB1 PBPU PB1/SCOM1 SCOM1 SCOMC PB2 PBPU PB2/SCOM2 SCOM2 SCOMC PB3/[PFD]/SCOM3 O/T ¾ Description External Timer 0 clock input CMOS General purpose I/O. Register enabled pull-up and wake-up. ¾ External interrupt input CMOS General purpose I/O. Register enabled pull-up and wake-up. ¾ OSC External Timer 1 clock input Oscillator pin CMOS General purpose I/O. Register enabled pull-up and wake-up. ¾ Oscillator pin NMOS General purpose I/O. Register enabled wake-up. ¾ Reset input CMOS General purpose I/O. Register enabled pull-up. ¾ SCOM Software controlled 1/2 bias LCD COM ST CMOS General purpose I/O. Register enabled pull-up. ¾ SCOM Software controlled 1/2 bias LCD COM ST CMOS General purpose I/O. Register enabled pull-up. ¾ SCOM Software controlled 1/2 bias LCD COM PB3 PBPU ST CMOS General purpose I/O. Register enabled pull-up. PFD CTRL0 ¾ CMOS PFD output SCOM3 SCOMC ¾ SCOM Software controlled 1/2 bias LCD COM CMOS General purpose I/O. Register enabled pull-up. PBn PBPU ST TC0 CTRL0 ST PBn PBPU ST INT CTRL0 ST PB6~PB7 PBn PBPU ST CMOS General purpose I/O. Register enabled pull-up. PC0, PC1 PC6~PC7 PCn PCPU ST CMOS General purpose I/O. Register enabled pull-up. PCn PCPU ST CMOS General purpose I/O. Register enabled pull-up. PWM2 CTRL2 ¾ CMOS PWM output - HT48R0662 doesn¢t have PWM2 PB4/[TC0] PB5/[INT] PC2/PWM2 Rev. 1.10 ¾ External Timer 0 clock input CMOS General purpose I/O. Register enabled pull-up. ¾ External interrupt input 8 June 9, 2009 HT48R063/064/065/066/0662/067 Pin Name Function OPT I/T PCn PCPU ST CMOS General purpose I/O. Register enabled pull-up. PWM1 CTRL1 ¾ CMOS PWM output PCn PCPU ST CMOS General purpose I/O. Register enabled pull-up. XT2 CO ¾ PCn PCPU ST XT1 CO ¾ PDn PDPU ST CMOS General purpose I/O. Register enabled pull-up. PDn PDPU ST CMOS General purpose I/O. Register enabled pull-up. TC2 ¾ ST PE0~PE7 PEn PEPU ST CMOS General purpose I/O. Register enabled pull-up. PF0, PF1 PFn PFPU ST CMOS General purpose I/O. Register enabled pull-up. VDD VDD ¾ PWR ¾ Power supply VSS VSS ¾ PWR ¾ Ground PC3/PWM1 PC4/XT2 PC5/XT1 PD0, PD1 PD3~PD7 PD2/TC2 Note: O/T LXT Description Low frequency crystal pin CMOS General purpose I/O. Register enabled pull-up. LXT ¾ Low frequency crystal pin External Timer 2 clock input - HT48R0662 doesn¢t have TC2 I/T: Input type; O/T: Output type OPT: Optional by configuration option (CO) or register option PWR: Power; CO: Configuration option ST: Schmitt Trigger input; CMOS: CMOS output SCOM: Software controlled LCD COM HXT: High frequency crystal oscillator LXT: Low frequency crystal oscillator Absolute Maximum Ratings Supply Voltage ...........................VSS-0.3V to VSS+6.0V Storage Temperature ............................-50°C to 125°C Input Voltage..............................VSS-0.3V to VDD+0.3V IOL Total ..............................................................100mA Total Power Dissipation .....................................500mW Operating Temperature...........................-40°C to 85°C IOH Total............................................................-100mA Note: These are stress ratings only. Stresses exceeding the range specified under ²Absolute Maximum Ratings² may cause substantial damage to the device. Functional operation of this device at other conditions beyond those listed in the specification is not implied and prolonged exposure to extreme conditions may affect device reliability. Rev. 1.10 9 June 9, 2009 HT48R063/064/065/066/0662/067 D.C. Characteristics Symbol VDD IDD1 IDD2 IDD3 IDD4 Parameter Operating Voltage Ta=25°C Test Conditions ¾ Operating Current (HXT, HIRC, ERC) 3V Operating Current (HXT, HIRC, ERC) 3V Operating Current (HXT, HIRC, ERC) Operating Current (HIRC + LXT, Slow Mode, LXTLP=1) ISTB2 Max. Unit fSYS=4MHz 2.2 ¾ 5.5 V fSYS=8MHz 3.0 ¾ 5.5 V fSYS=12MHz 4.5 ¾ 5.5 V No load, fSYS=4MHz No load, fSYS=8MHz 5V ¾ 0.8 1.2 mA ¾ 1.5 2.25 mA ¾ 1.4 2.1 mA ¾ 2.8 4.2 mA 5V No load, fSYS=12MHz ¾ 4 6 mA 3V No load, fSYS=32768Hz (LXT on OSC1/OSC2, LVR disabled, LXTLP=1) ¾ 5 10 mA ¾ 12 24 mA No load, fSYS=32768Hz (LXT on XT1/XT2, LVR disabled, LXTLP=1) ¾ 5 10 mA ¾ 10 20 mA ¾ ¾ 5 mA 5V 3V Standby Current (LIRC On, LXT Off) 3V 5V ¾ ¾ 10 mA Standby Current (LIRC Off, LXT Off) 3V ¾ ¾ 1 mA ¾ ¾ 2 mA ¾ ¾ 5 mA ¾ ¾ 10 mA ¾ ¾ 3 mA ¾ ¾ 5 mA No load, system HALT No load, system HALT 5V 3V ISTB3 Typ. Conditions 5V 5V ISTB1 Min. VDD Standby Current (LIRC Off, LXT On, LXTLP=1) 5V 3V 5V No load, system HALT (LXT on OSC1/OSC2) No load, system HALT (LXT on XT1/XT2) VIL1 Input Low Voltage for I/O, TCn and INT ¾ ¾ 0 ¾ 0.3VDD V VIH1 Input High Voltage for I/O, TCn and INT ¾ ¾ 0.7VDD ¾ VDD V VIL2 Input Low Voltage (RES) ¾ ¾ 0 ¾ 0.4VDD V VIH2 Input High Voltage (RES) ¾ ¾ 0.9VDD ¾ VDD V VLVR1 Low Voltage Reset 1 ¾ VLVR = 4.2V 3.98 4.2 4.42 V VLVR2 Low Voltage Reset 2 ¾ VLVR = 3.15V 2.98 3.15 3.32 V VLVR3 Low Voltage Reset 3 ¾ VLVR = 2.1V 1.98 2.1 2.22 V IOL1 I/O Port Sink Current (PA, PB, PC) 3V IOH VOL=0.1VDD 5V 3V I/O Port Source Current VOH=0.9VDD 5V IOL2 PA7 Sink Current RPH Pull-high Resistance Rev. 1.10 5V VOL=0.1VDD 4 8 ¾ mA 10 20 ¾ mA -2 -4 ¾ mA -5 -10 ¾ mA 2 3 ¾ mA 3V ¾ 20 60 100 kW 5V ¾ 10 30 50 kW 10 June 9, 2009 HT48R063/064/065/066/0662/067 Symbol ISCOM VSCOM Parameter SCOM Operating Current VDD/2 Voltage for LCD COM Test Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit SCOMC, ISEL[1:0]=00 17.5 25.0 32.5 mA SCOMC, ISEL[1:0]=01 35 50 65 mA SCOMC, ISEL[1:0]=10 70 100 130 mA SCOMC, ISEL[1:0]=11 140 200 260 mA 0.475 0.500 0.525 VDD VDD Conditions 5V 5V No load Note: The standby current (ISTB1~ISTB3) and IDD4 are measured with all I/O pins in input mode and tied to VDD. A.C. Characteristics Ta=25°C Test Conditions Symbol Parameter Min. Typ. Max. Unit 2.2V~5.5V 32 ¾ 4000 kHz 3.0V~5.5V 32 ¾ 8000 kHz 4.5V~5.5V 32 ¾ 12000 kHz 3V/5V Ta=25°C -2% 4 +2% MHz 3V/5V Ta=25°C -2% 8 +2% MHz -2% 12 +2% MHz 3V/5V Ta=0~70°C -5% 4 +5% MHz 3V/5V Ta=0~70°C -5% 8 +5% MHz VDD fSYS System Clock ¾ 5V fHIRC fERC Rev. 1.10 System Clock (ERC) Ta=25°C Ta=0~70°C -5% 12 +5% MHz 2.2V~ Ta=0~70°C 3.6V -8% 4 +8% MHz 3.0V~ Ta=0~70°C 5.5V -8% 4 +8% MHz 3.0V~ Ta=0~70°C 5.5V -8% 8 +8% MHz 4.5V~ Ta=0~70°C 5.5V -8% 12 +8% MHz 2.2V~ Ta= -40°C~85°C 3.6V -12% 4 +12% MHz 3.0V~ Ta= -40°C~85°C 5.5V -12% 4 +12% MHz 3.0V~ Ta= -40°C~85°C 5.5V -12% 8 +12% MHz 4.5V~ Ta= -40°C~85°C 5.5V -12% 12 +12% MHz 5V System Clock (HIRC) Conditions 5V Ta=25°C, R=120kW * -2% 4 +2% MHz 5V Ta=0~70°C, R=120kW * -5% 4 +5% MHz 5V Ta= -40°C~85°C, R=120kW * -7% 4 +7% MHz 2.2V~ Ta= -40°C~85°C, 5.5V R=120kW * -11% 4 +11% MHz 11 June 9, 2009 HT48R063/064/065/066/0662/067 Ta=25°C Test Conditions Symbol Parameter fLXT System Clock (LXT) fTIMER Timer Input Frequency (TCn) fLIRC Min. Typ. Max. Unit ¾ 32768 ¾ Hz 2.2V~5.5V 0 ¾ 4000 kHz 3.0V~5.5V 0 ¾ 8000 kHz 4.5V~5.5V 0 ¾ 12000 kHz VDD Conditions ¾ ¾ ¾ 3V ¾ 5 10 15 kHz 5V ¾ 6.5 13 19.5 kHz ¾ ¾ 1 ¾ ¾ ms For HXT/LXT ¾ 1024 ¾ tSYS ¾ 2 ¾ tSYS ¾ 1024 ¾ tSYS LIRC Oscillator tRES External Reset Low Pulse Width tSST ¾ System Start-up time Period For ERC/IRC (By configuration option) tINT Interrupt Pulse Width ¾ ¾ 1 ¾ ¾ ms tLVR Low Voltage Width to Reset ¾ ¾ 0.25 1 2 ms RESTD Reset Delay Time ¾ ¾ ¾ 100 ¾ ms Note: 1. tSYS=1/fSYS 2. *For fERC, as the resistor tolerance will influence the frequency a precision resistor is recommended. 3. For the HT48R064 device, the fERC parameter is not applicable. 4. For the HT48R064 device, the HIRC support 4MHz only and fHIRC parameter of (5V, 3.0V~5.5V) is applicable. 5. To maintain the accuracy of the internal HIRC oscillator frequency, a 0.1mF decoupling capacitor should be connected between VDD and VSS and located as close to the device as possible. Power-on Reset Characteristics Test Conditions Symbol Parameter VDD Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit VPOR VDD Start Voltage to Ensure Power-on Reset ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ 100 mV RRVDD VDD raising rate to Ensure Power-on Reset ¾ ¾ 0.035 ¾ ¾ V/ms tPOR Minimum Time for VDD Stays at VPOR to Ensure Power-on Reset ¾ ¾ 1 ¾ ¾ ms V D D tP O R R R V D D V P O R T im e Rev. 1.10 12 June 9, 2009 HT48R063/064/065/066/0662/067 System Architecture A key factor in the high-performance features of the Holtek range of microcontrollers is attributed to the internal system architecture. The range of devices take advantage of the usual features found within RISC microcontrollers providing increased speed of operation and enhanced performance. The pipelining scheme is implemented in such a way that instruction fetching and instruction execution are overlapped, hence instructions are effectively executed in one cycle, with the exception of branch or call instructions. An 8-bit wide ALU is used in practically all operations of the instruction set. It carries out arithmetic operations, logic operations, rotation, increment, decrement, branch decisions, etc. The internal data path is simplified by moving data through the Accumulator and the ALU. Certain internal registers are implemented in the Data Memory and can be directly or indirectly addressed. The simple addressing methods of these registers along with additional architectural features ensure that a minimum of external components is required to provide a functional control system with maximum reliability and flexibility. Program Counter is incremented at the beginning of the T1 clock during which time a new instruction is fetched. The remaining T2~T4 clocks carry out the decoding and execution functions. In this way, one T1~T4 clock cycle forms one instruction cycle. Although the fetching and execution of instructions takes place in consecutive instruction cycles, the pipelining structure of the microcontroller ensures that instructions are effectively executed in one instruction cycle. The exception to this are instructions where the contents of the Program Counter are changed, such as subroutine calls or jumps, in which case the instruction will take one more instruction cycle to execute. For instructions involving branches, such as jump or call instructions, two instruction cycles are required to complete instruction execution. An extra cycle is required as the program takes one cycle to first obtain the actual jump or call address and then another cycle to actually execute the branch. The requirement for this extra cycle should be taken into account by programmers in timing sensitive applications Clocking and Pipelining The main system clock, derived from either a Crystal/Resonator or RC oscillator is subdivided into four internally generated non-overlapping clocks, T1~T4. The O s c illa to r C lo c k ( S y s te m C lo c k ) P h a s e C lo c k T 1 P h a s e C lo c k T 2 P h a s e C lo c k T 3 P h a s e C lo c k T 4 P ro g ra m C o u n te r P ip e lin in g P C P C + 1 F e tc h In s t. (P C ) E x e c u te In s t. (P C -1 ) P C + 2 F e tc h In s t. (P C + 1 ) E x e c u te In s t. (P C ) F e tc h In s t. (P C + 2 ) E x e c u te In s t. (P C + 1 ) System Clocking and Pipelining M O V A ,[1 2 H ] 2 C A L L D E L A Y 3 C P L [1 2 H ] 4 : 5 : 6 1 D E L A Y : F e tc h In s t. 1 E x e c u te In s t. 1 F e tc h In s t. 2 E x e c u te In s t. 2 F e tc h In s t. 3 F lu s h P ip e lin e F e tc h In s t. 6 E x e c u te In s t. 6 F e tc h In s t. 7 N O P Instruction Fetching Rev. 1.10 13 June 9, 2009 HT48R063/064/065/066/0662/067 Program Counter neither readable nor writeable. At a subroutine call or interrupt acknowledge signal, the contents of the Program Counter are pushed onto the stack. At the end of a subroutine or an interrupt routine, signaled by a return instruction, RET or RETI, the Program Counter is restored to its previous value from the stack. After a device reset, the Stack Pointer will point to the top of the stack. During program execution, the Program Counter is used to keep track of the address of the next instruction to be executed. It is automatically incremented by one each time an instruction is executed except for instructions, such as ²JMP² or ²CALL² that demand a jump to a non-consecutive Program Memory address. Note that the Program Counter width varies with the Program Memory capacity depending upon which device is selected. However, it must be noted that only the lower 8 bits, known as the Program Counter Low Register, are directly addressable by user. P ro g ra m T o p o f S ta c k B o tto m HT48R063 HT48R064 PC9,PC8 HT48R065 PC10~PC8 HT48R066 HT48R0662 PC11~PC8 HT48R067 PC12~PC8 PCL Register o f S ta c k S ta c k L e v e l 8 Stack Levels HT48R063 2 HT48R064 HT48R065 HT48R066 4 HT48R0662 6 HT48R067 8 If the stack is full and an enabled interrupt takes place, the interrupt request flag will be recorded but the acknowledge signal will be inhibited. When the Stack Pointer is decremented, by RET or RETI, the interrupt will be serviced. This feature prevents stack overflow allowing the programmer to use the structure more easily. However, when the stack is full, a CALL subroutine instruction can still be executed which will result in a stack overflow. Precautions should be taken to avoid such cases which might cause unpredictable program branching. PCL7~PCL0 The lower byte of the Program Counter, known as the Program Counter Low register or PCL, is available for program control and is a readable and writeable register. By transferring data directly into this register, a short program jump can be executed directly, however, as only this low byte is available for manipulation, the jumps are limited to the present page of memory, that is 256 locations. When such program jumps are executed it should also be noted that a dummy cycle will be inserted. Arithmetic and Logic Unit - ALU The arithmetic-logic unit or ALU is a critical area of the microcontroller that carries out arithmetic and logic operations of the instruction set. Connected to the main microcontroller data bus, the ALU receives related instruction codes and performs the required arithmetic or logical operations after which the result will be placed in the specified register. As these ALU calculation or operations may result in carry, borrow or other status changes, the status register will be correspondingly updated to reflect these changes. The ALU supports the following functions: The lower byte of the Program Counter is fully accessible under program control. Manipulating the PCL might cause program branching, so an extra cycle is needed to pre-fetch. Further information on the PCL register can be found in the Special Function Register section. Stack · Arithmetic operations: ADD, ADDM, ADC, ADCM, This is a special part of the memory which is used to save the contents of the Program Counter only. The stack is neither part of the Data or Program Memory space, and is neither readable nor writeable. The activated level is indexed by the Stack Pointer, SP, and is Rev. 1.10 P ro g ra m M e m o ry S ta c k L e v e l 3 Device Program Counter Program Counter High Byte S ta c k L e v e l 1 S ta c k L e v e l 2 S ta c k P o in te r When executing instructions requiring jumps to non-consecutive addresses such as a jump instruction, a subroutine call, interrupt or reset, etc., the microcontroller manages program control by loading the required address into the Program Counter. For conditional skip instructions, once the condition has been met, the next instruction, which has already been fetched during the present instruction execution, is discarded and a dummy cycle takes its place while the correct instruction is obtained. Device C o u n te r SUB, SUBM, SBC, SBCM, DAA · Logic operations: AND, OR, XOR, ANDM, ORM, XORM, CPL, CPLA 14 June 9, 2009 HT48R063/064/065/066/0662/067 · Rotation RRA, RR, RRCA, RRC, RLA, RL, RLCA, Special Vectors RLC Within the Program Memory, certain locations are reserved for special usage such as reset and interrupts. · Increment and Decrement INCA, INC, DECA, DEC · Branch decision, JMP, SZ, SZA, SNZ, SIZ, SDZ, · Reset Vector SIZA, SDZA, CALL, RET, RETI This vector is reserved for use by the device reset for program initialisation. After a device reset is initiated, the program will jump to this location and begin execution. Program Memory · External interrupt vector The Program Memory is the location where the user code or program is stored. The device is supplied with One-Time Programmable, OTP, memory where users can program their application code into the device. By using the appropriate programming tools, OTP devices offer users the flexibility to freely develop their applications which may be useful during debug or for products requiring frequent upgrades or program changes. This vector is used by the external interrupt. If the external interrupt pin on the device receives an edge transition, the program will jump to this location and begin execution if the external interrupt is enabled and the stack is not full. The external interrupt active edge transition type, whether high to low, low to high or both is specified in the CTRL1 register. · Timer/Event 0/1/2 counter interrupt vector Structure This internal vector is used by the Timer/Event Counters. If a Timer/Event Counter overflow occurs, the program will jump to its respective location and begin execution if the associated Timer/Event Counter interrupt is enabled and the stack is not full. The Program Memory has a capacity of 1K´14 to 8K´16. The Program Memory is addressed by the Program Counter and also contains data, table information and interrupt entries. Table data, which can be setup in any location within the Program Memory, is addressed by separate table pointer registers. Device · Time base interrupt vector This internal vector is used by the internal Time Base. If a Time Base overflow occurs, the program will jump to this location and begin execution if the Time Base counter interrupt is enabled and the stack is not full. Capacity HT48R063 HT48R064 1K´14 HT48R065 2K´15 HT48R066 HT48R0662 4K´15 HT48R067 8K´16 H T 4 8 R 0 6 3 H T 4 8 R 0 6 4 H T 4 8 R 0 6 5 H T 4 8 R 0 6 6 H T 4 8 R 0 6 6 2 H T 4 8 R 0 6 7 0 0 H R e s e t R e s e t R e s e t R e s e t R e s e t 0 4 H E x te rn a l In te rru p t E x te rn a l In te rru p t E x te rn a l In te rru p t E x te rn a l In te rru p t E x te rn a l In te rru p t 0 8 H T im e r 0 In te rru p t T im e r 0 In te rru p t T im e r 0 In te rru p t T im e r 0 In te rru p t T im e r 0 In te rru p t 0 C H T im e B a s e In te rru p t T im e B a s e In te rru p t T im e r 1 In te rru p t T im e r 1 In te rru p t T im e r 1 In te rru p t T im e r 2 In te rru p t T im e B a s e In te rru p t 1 0 H T im e B a s e In te rru p t 1 4 H T im e B a s e In te rru p t 1 8 H 3 F F H 1 4 b its 7 F F H 1 5 b its F F F H 1 5 b its 1 5 b its 1 F F F H 1 6 b its Program Memory Structure Rev. 1.10 15 June 9, 2009 HT48R063/064/065/066/0662/067 Look-up Table Table Program Example Any location within the Program Memory can be defined as a look-up table where programmers can store fixed data. To use the look-up table, the table pointer must first be setup by placing the lower order address of the look up data to be retrieved in the table pointer register, TBLP. This register defines the lower 8-bit address of the look-up table. The accompanying example shows how the table pointer and table data is defined and retrieved from the device. This example uses raw table data located in the last page which is stored there using the ORG statement. The value at this ORG statement is ²300H² which refers to the start address of the last page within the 1K Program Memory of the HT48R064 microcontrollers. The table pointer is setup here to have an initial value of ²06H². This will ensure that the first data read from the data table will be at the Program Memory address ²306H² or 6 locations after the start of the last page. Note that the value for the table pointer is referenced to the first address of the present page if the ²TABRDC [m]² instruction is being used. The high byte of the table data which in this case is equal to zero will be transferred to the TBLH register automatically when the ²TABRDL [m]² instruction is executed. After setting up the table pointer, the table data can be retrieved from the current Program Memory page or last Program Memory page using the ²TABRDC[m]² or ²TABRDL [m]² instructions, respectively. When these instructions are executed, the lower order table byte from the Program Memory will be transferred to the user defined Data Memory register [m] as specified in the instruction. The higher order table data byte from the Program Memory will be transferred to the TBLH special register. Any unused bits in this transferred higher order byte will be read as ²0². Because the TBLH register is a read-only register and cannot be restored, care should be taken to ensure its protection if both the main routine and Interrupt Service Routine use the table read instructions. If using the table read instructions, the Interrupt Service Routines may change the value of TBLH and subsequently cause errors if used again by the main routine. As a rule it is recommended that simultaneous use of the table read instructions should be avoided. However, in situations where simultaneous use cannot be avoided, the interrupts should be disabled prior to the execution of any main routine table-read instructions. Note that all table related instructions require two instruction cycles to complete their operation. The following diagram illustrates the addressing/data flow of the look-up table: L a s t p a g e o r p re s e n t p a g e P C x ~ P C 8 P ro g ra m H ig h B y te A d d re s s P C T B L P R e g is te r M e m o ry D a ta 1 4 ~ 1 6 b its U s e r S e le c te d R e g is te r R e g is te r T B L H H ig h B y te Instruction TABRDC [m] TABRDL [m] L o w B y te Table Location Bits b12 b11 b10 PC12 PC11 PC10 1 1 1 b9 b8 b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 PC9 PC8 @7 @6 @5 @4 @3 @2 @1 @0 1 1 @7 @6 @5 @4 @3 @2 @1 @0 Table Location Note: PC12~PC8: Current Program Counter bits @7~@0: Table Pointer TBLP bits For the HT48R063/HT48R064, the Table address location is 10 bits, i.e. from b9~b0. For the HT48R065, the Table address location is 11 bits, i.e. from b10~b0. For the HT48R066/HT48R0662, the Table address location is 12 bits, i.e. from b11~b0 For the HT48R067, the Table address location is 13 bits, i.e. from b12~b0 Rev. 1.10 16 June 9, 2009 HT48R063/064/065/066/0662/067 Table Read Program Example: tempreg1 db ? ; temporary register #1 tempreg2 db ? ; temporary register #2 : : mov a,06h ; initialise table pointer - note that this address ; is referenced mov tblp,a : : ; to the last page or present page tabrdl ; ; ; ; tempreg1 dec tblp tabrdl transfers value in table referenced by table pointer to tempregl data at prog. memory address ²306H² transferred to tempreg1 and TBLH ; reduce value of table pointer by one tempreg2 ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; transfers value in table referenced by table pointer to tempreg2 data at prog.memory address ²305H² transferred to tempreg2 and TBLH in this example the data ²1AH² is transferred to tempreg1 and data ²0FH² to register tempreg2 the value ²00H² will be transferred to the high byte register TBLH : : org 300h dc ; sets initial address of last page 00Ah, 00Bh, 00Ch, 00Dh, 00Eh, 00Fh, 01Ah, 01Bh : : Data Memory The Data Memory is a volatile area of 8-bit wide RAM internal memory and is the location where temporary information is stored. The two sections of Data Memory, the Special Purpose and General Purpose Data Memory are located at consecutive locations. All are implemented in RAM and are 8 bits wide but the length of each memory section is dictated by the type of microcontroller chosen. The start address of the Data Memory for all devices is the address ²00H². Structure Divided into two sections, the first of these is an area of RAM where special function registers are located. These registers have fixed locations and are necessary for correct operation of the device. Many of these registers can be read from and written to directly under program control, however, some remain protected from user manipulation. The second area of Data Memory is reserved for general purpose use. All locations within this area are read and write accessible under program control. Device Capacity Banks HT48R063 HT48R064 64´8 ¾ HT48R065 96´8 ¾ HT48R066 128´8 ¾ HT48R0662 224´8 0, 1 HT48R067 384´8 0, 1 Rev. 1.10 All microcontroller programs require an area of read/write memory where temporary data can be stored and retrieved for use later. It is this area of RAM memory that is known as General Purpose Data Memory. This area of Data Memory is fully accessible by the user program for both read and write operations. By using the ²SET [m].i² and ²CLR [m].i² instructions individual bits can be set or reset under program control giving the user a large range of flexibility for bit manipulation in the Data Memory. For some devices, the Data Memory is subdivided into two banks, which are selected using a Bank Pointer. Only data in Bank 0 can be directly addressed, data in Bank 1 must be indirectly addressed. 17 June 9, 2009 HT48R063/064/065/066/0662/067 0 0 H 0 1 H 3 F H 4 0 H H T 4 8 R 0 6 3 H T 4 8 R 0 6 4 H T 4 8 R 0 6 5 H T 4 8 R 0 6 6 IA R 0 IA R 0 IA R 0 Special Function Registers M P 0 M P 0 S p e c ia l P u rp o s e R e g is te r s 9 6 b y te s 1 2 8 b y te s G e n e ra l P u rp o s e R e g is te r s M P 0 To ensure successful operation of the microcontroller, certain internal registers are implemented in the Data Memory area. These registers ensure correct operation of internal functions such as timers, interrupts, etc., as well as external functions such as I/O data control. The location of these registers within the Data Memory begins at the address ²00H² and are mapped into both Bank 0 and Bank 1. Any unused Data Memory locations between these special function registers and the point where the General Purpose Memory begins is reserved and attempting to read data from these locations will return a value of ²00H². 6 4 b y te s 7 F H 9 F H B F H H T 4 8 R 0 6 6 2 B a n k 0 B a n k 1 0 0 H 0 1 H IA R 0 M P 0 Indirect Addressing Registers - IAR0, IAR1 IA R 0 M P 0 3 F H 4 0 H T o ta l 2 2 4 b y te s The Indirect Addressing Registers, IAR0 and IAR1, although having their locations in normal RAM register space, do not actually physically exist as normal registers. The method of indirect addressing for RAM data manipulation uses these Indirect Addressing Registers and Memory Pointers, in contrast to direct memory addressing, where the actual memory address is specified. Actions on the IAR0 and IAR1 registers will result in no actual read or write operation to these registers but rather to the memory location specified by their corresponding Memory Pointer, MP0 or MP1. Acting as a pair, IAR0 with MP0 and IAR1 with MP1 can together access data from the Data Memory. As the Indirect Addressing Registers are not physically implemented, reading the Indirect Addressing Registers indirectly will return a result of ²00H² and writing to the registers indirectly will result in no operation. S p e c ia l P u rp o s e R e g is te r s 5 F H G e n e ra l P u rp o s e R e g is te r s F F H H T 4 8 R 0 6 7 B a n k 0 B a n k 1 0 0 H IA R 0 IA R 0 0 1 H M P 0 M P 0 3 F H 4 0 H T o ta l 3 8 4 b y te s S p e c ia l P u rp o s e R e g is te r s G e n e ra l P u rp o s e R e g is te r s Memory Pointers - MP0, MP1 Two Memory Pointers, known as MP0 and MP1 are provided. These Memory Pointers are physically implemented in the Data Memory and can be manipulated in the same way as normal registers providing a convenient way with which to indirectly address and track data. MP0 can only be used to indirectly address data in Bank 0 while MP1 can be used to address data in Bank 0 and Bank1. When any operation to the relevant Indirect Addressing Registers is carried out, the actual address that the microcontroller is directed to, is the address specified by the related Memory Pointer. Note that for the HT48R063 and HT48R064 devices, bit 7 of the Memory Pointers is not required to address the full memory space. When bit 7 of the Memory Pointers for these devices is read, a value of ²1² will be returned. Note that indirect addressing using MP1 and IAR1 must be used to access any data in Bank 1. The following example shows how to clear a section of four Data Memory locations already defined as locations adres1 to adres4. F F H Data Memory Structure Note: Most of the Data Memory bits can be directly manipulated using the ²SET [m].i² and ²CLR [m].i² with the exception of a few dedicated bits. The Data Memory can also be accessed through the memory pointer registers. Special Purpose Data Memory This area of Data Memory is where registers, necessary for the correct operation of the microcontroller, are stored. Most of the registers are both readable and writeable but some are protected and are readable only, the details of which are located under the relevant Special Function Register section. Note that for locations that are unused, any read instruction to these addresses will return the value ²00H². Rev. 1.10 18 June 9, 2009 HT48R063/064/065/066/0662/067 0 0 H 0 1 H 0 2 H 0 3 H 0 4 H 0 5 H 0 6 H 0 7 H 0 8 H 0 9 H 0 A H 0 B H 0 C H 0 D H 0 E H 0 F H 1 0 H 1 1 H 1 2 H 1 3 H 1 4 H 1 5 H 1 6 H 1 7 H 1 8 H 1 9 H 1 A H 1 B H 1 C H 1 D H 1 E H 1 F H 2 0 H 2 1 H 2 2 H 2 3 H 2 4 H 2 5 H 2 6 H 2 7 H 2 8 H 2 9 H 2 A H 2 B H 2 C H 2 D H 2 E H 2 F H 3 0 H 3 1 H 3 2 H H T 4 IA M IA M 8 R R P R P 0 6 3 0 1 0 1 A C C P C L T B L P T B L H W D T S S T A T U S IN T C 0 T M R 0 T M R 0 C P A P A P A P P A W P B P B P B P C C U K U C T R L 0 C T R L 1 H T 4 IA M IA M 8 R R P R P 0 6 4 0 1 0 1 H T 4 IA M IA M 8 R R P R P 0 6 5 0 1 1 A C C P C L T B L P T B L H W D T S S T A T U S IN T C 0 T M R 0 T M R 0 C A C C P C L T B L P T B L H W D T S S T A T U S IN T C 0 T M R 0 T M R 0 C P A P A P A P P A W P B P B P B P P C P C P C P C T R C T R S C O P A P A P A P P A W P B P B P B P P C P C P C P C T R C T R S C O C C U K C U U L 0 L 1 M C C U C H T 4 IA M IA M 0 0 6 6 1 0 0 1 A C C P C L T B L P T B L H W D T S S T A T U S IN T C 0 T M R 0 T M R 0 C T M R 1 T M R 1 C P A P A C P A P U P A W K P B P B C P B P U P C P C C P C P U C T R L 0 C T R L 1 S C O M C K U C 8 R R P R P U L 0 L 1 M C IN T C 1 P D P D C P D P U P D P D C P D P U H T 4 8 IA M IA M R 0 6 6 2 R 0 P 0 R 1 P 1 B P A C C P C L T B L P T B L H W D T S S T A T U S IN T C 0 T M R 0 T M R 0 C T M R 1 T M R 1 C P A P A C P A P U P A W K P B P B C P B P U P C P C C P C P U C T R L 0 C T R L 1 S C O M C P W M 1 IN T C 1 P W M 0 P D P D C P D P U P E P E C P E P U P F P F C P F P U C T R L 2 H T 4 8 R 0 6 7 IA R 0 M P 0 IA R 1 M P 1 B P A C C P C L T B L P T B L H W D T S S T A T U S IN T C 0 T M R 0 T M R 0 C T M R 1 T M R 1 C P A P A C P A P U P A W K P B P B C P B P U P C P C C P C P U C T R L 0 C T R L 1 S C O M C P W M 1 IN T C 1 P W M 0 P D P D C P D P U P E P E C P E P U P F P F C P F P U T M R 2 T M R 2 C P W M 2 C T R L 2 3 F H : U n u s e d , re a d a s "0 0 " Special Purpose Data Memory Rev. 1.10 19 June 9, 2009 HT48R063/064/065/066/0662/067 · Indirect Addressing Program Example data .section ¢data¢ adres1 db ? adres2 db ? adres3 db ? adres4 db ? block db ? code .section at 0 code org 00h start: mov mov mov mov a,04h block,a a,offset adres1 mp0,a ; setup size of block loop: clr inc sdz jmp IAR0 mp0 block loop ; clear the data at address defined by MP0 ; increment memory pointer ; check if last memory location has been cleared ; Accumulator loaded with first RAM address ; setup memory pointer with first RAM address continue: The important point to note here is that in the example shown above, no reference is made to specific Data Memory addresses. Accumulator - ACC jumps within the current Program Memory page are permitted. When such operations are used, note that a dummy cycle will be inserted. The Accumulator is central to the operation of any microcontroller and is closely related with operations carried out by the ALU. The Accumulator is the place where all intermediate results from the ALU are stored. Without the Accumulator it would be necessary to write the result of each calculation or logical operation such as addition, subtraction, shift, etc., to the Data Memory resulting in higher programming and timing overheads. Data transfer operations usually involve the temporary storage function of the Accumulator; for example, when transferring data between one user defined register and another, it is necessary to do this by passing the data through the Accumulator as no direct transfer between two registers is permitted. Bank Pointer - BP In the HT48R0662 and HT48R067 devices, the Data Memory is divided into two Banks, known as Bank 0 and Bank 1. A Bank Pointer, which is bit 0 of the Bank Pointer register is used to select the required Data Memory bank. Only data in Bank 0 can be directly addressed as data in Bank 1 must be indirectly addressed using Memory Pointer MP1 and Indirect Addressing Register IAR1. Using Memory Pointer MP0 and Indirect Addressing Register IAR0 will always access data from Bank 0, irrespective of the value of the Bank Pointer. Memory Pointer MP1 and Indirect Addressing Register IAR1 can indirectly address data in either Bank 0 or Bank 1 depending upon the value of the Bank Pointer. Program Counter Low Register - PCL To provide additional program control functions, the low byte of the Program Counter is made accessible to programmers by locating it within the Special Purpose area of the Data Memory. By manipulating this register, direct jumps to other program locations are easily implemented. Loading a value directly into this PCL register will cause a jump to the specified Program Memory location, however, as the register is only 8-bit wide, only The Data Memory is initialised to Bank 0 after a reset, except for the WDT time-out reset in the Idle/Sleep Mode, in which case, the Data Memory bank remains unaffected. It should be noted that Special Function Data Memory is not affected by the bank selection, which means that the Special Function Registers can be accessed from within either Bank 0 or Bank 1. Directly addressing the Data · BP Register Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Name ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ DMBP0 R/W ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ R/W POR ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ 0 Bit 7~1 : unimplemented, read as ²0² Bit 0 DMBP0: Data Memory bank point 0: Bank 0 1: Bank 1 Rev. 1.10 20 June 9, 2009 HT48R063/064/065/066/0662/067 the status registers are important and if the interrupt routine can change the status register, precautions must be taken to correctly save it. Note that bits 0~3 of the STATUS register are both readable and writeable bits. Memory will always result in Bank 0 being accessed irrespective of the value of the Bank Pointer. Status Register - STATUS This 8-bit register contains the zero flag (Z), carry flag (C), auxiliary carry flag (AC), overflow flag (OV), power down flag (PDF), and watchdog time-out flag (TO). These arithmetic/logical operation and system management flags are used to record the status and operation of the microcontroller. Input/Output Ports and Control Registers Within the area of Special Function Registers, the port PA, PB, etc data I/O registers and their associated control register PAC, PBC, etc play a prominent role. These registers are mapped to specific addresses within the Data Memory as shown in the Data Memory table. The data I/O registers, are used to transfer the appropriate output or input data on the port. The control registers specifies which pins of the port are set as inputs and which are set as outputs. To setup a pin as an input, the corresponding bit of the control register must be set high, for an output it must be set low. During program initialisation, it is important to first setup the control registers to specify which pins are outputs and which are inputs before reading data from or writing data to the I/O ports. One flexible feature of these registers is the ability to directly program single bits using the ²SET [m].i² and ²CLR [m].i² instructions. The ability to change I/O pins from output to input and vice versa by manipulating specific bits of the I/O control registers during normal program operation is a useful feature of these devices. With the exception of the TO and PDF flags, bits in the status register can be altered by instructions like most other registers. Any data written into the status register will not change the TO or PDF flag. In addition, operations related to the status register may give different results due to the different instruction operations. The TO flag can be affected only by a system power-up, a WDT time-out or by executing the ²CLR WDT² or ²HALT² instruction. The PDF flag is affected only by executing the ²HALT² or ²CLR WDT² instruction or during a system power-up. The Z, OV, AC and C flags generally reflect the status of the latest operations. In addition, on entering an interrupt sequence or executing a subroutine call, the status register will not be pushed onto the stack automatically. If the contents of · STATUS Register Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Name ¾ ¾ TO PDF OV Z AC C R/W ¾ ¾ R R R/W R/W R/W R/W POR ¾ ¾ 0 0 x x x x ²x² unknown Bit 7, 6 Unimplemented, read as ²0² Bit 5 TO: Watchdog Time-Out flag 0: After power up or executing the ²CLR WDT² or ²HALT² instruction 1: A watchdog time-out occurred. Bit 4 PDF: Power down flag 0: After power up or executing the ²CLR WDT² instruction 1: By executing the ²HALT² instruction Bit 3 OV: Overflow flag 0: no overflow 1: an operation results in a carry into the highest-order bit but not a carry out of the highest-order bit or vice versa. Bit 2 Z: Zero flag 0: The result of an arithmetic or logical operation is not zero 1: The result of an arithmetic or logical operation is zero Bit 1 AC: Auxiliary flag 0: no auxiliary carry 1: an operation results in a carry out of the low nibbles in addition, or no borrow from the high nibble into the low nibble in subtraction Bit 0 C: Carry flag 0: no carry-out 1: an operation results in a carry during an addition operation or if a borrow does not take place during a subtraction operation C is also affected by a rotate through carry instruction. Rev. 1.10 21 June 9, 2009 HT48R063/064/065/066/0662/067 System Control Registers - CTRL0, CTRL1, CTRL2 These registers are used to provide control over various internal functions. Some of these include the PFD control, PWM control, certain system clock options, the LXT Oscillator low power control, external Interrupt edge trigger type, Watchdog Timer enable function, Time Base function division ratio, and the LXT oscillator enable control. · CTRL0 Register ¨ ¨ HT48R063/HT48R064/HT48R065 Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Name ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ PFDEN1 PFDEN0 LXTLP CLKMOD R/W ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ R/W R/W R/W R/W POR ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ 0 0 0 0 HT48R066 Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Name ¾ PFDCS ¾ ¾ PFDEN1 PFDEN0 LXTLP CLKMOD R/W ¾ R/W ¾ ¾ R/W R/W R/W R/W POR ¾ 0 ¾ ¾ 0 0 0 0 Bit 7, 5, 4 Unimplemented, read as ²0² Bit 6 PFDCS: PFD clock source 0: timer0 1: timer1 Bit 3,2 PFDEN1, PFDEN0: PFD/PFD enable/disable 00: both disables 01: Reserved 10: PFD enable 11: PFD and PFD both enabled when PFD or PFD is disabled, the related pin will have a normal I/O function. Bit 1 LXTLP: LXT oscillator low power control function 0: LXT Oscillator quick start-up mode 1: LXT Oscillator Low Power Mode Bit 0 CLKMOD: system clock mode selection. 0: High speed - HIRC used as system clock 1: Low speed - LXT used as system clock, HIRC oscillator stopped. For HT48R063/064/065/066, these selections are only valid if the oscillator configuration options have selected the HIRC+LXT. Rev. 1.10 22 June 9, 2009 HT48R063/064/065/066/0662/067 ¨ HT48R0662/HT48R067 Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Name PCFG PFDCS PWMSEL PWMC1 PWMC0 PFDC LXTLP CLKMOD R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W POR 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Bit 7 PCFG: pin-out remapping configuration 0: INT/TC0/PFD pin shared with PA3/PA2/PA1 1: INT/TC0/PFD pin shared with PB5/PB4/PB3 PFDCS: PFD clock source 0: timer0 1: timer1 Bit 6 Bit 5 PWMSEL: PWM type selection 0: 6+2 1: 7+1 Bit 4 PWMC1: I/O or PWM1 control 0: I/O 1: PWM1 output PWMC0: I/O or PWM0 control 0: I/O 1: PWM0 output PFDC: I/O or PFD control 0: I/O 1: PFD output LXTLP: LXT oscillator low power control function 0: LXT oscillator start-up mode 1: LXT oscillator Low Power mode CLKMOD: system clock mode selection. 0: High speed - HIRC/ERC/HXT used as system clock 1: Low speed - LXT used as system clock, internal HIRC/ERC/HXT stopped. If PWM0/1/2 output is selected by PWMC0/1/2 bit, fTP comes always from fSYS. (fTP is the clock source for timer0/2 , time base and PWM) Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Note: · CTRL1 Register Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Name INTEG1 INTEG0 TBSEL1 TBSEL0 WDTEN3 WDTEN2 WDTEN1 WDTEN0 R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W POR 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 Bit 7, 6 Bit 5, 4 Bit 3~0 Note: Rev. 1.10 INTEG1, INTEG0: External interrupt edge type 00: disable 01: rising edge trigger 10: falling edge trigger 11: dual edge trigger TBSEL1, TBSEL0: Time base period selection 00: 210 ´ (1/fTP) 01: 211 ´ (1/fTP) 10: 212 ´ (1/fTP) 11: 213 ´ (1/fTP) WDTEN3, WDTEN2, WDTEN1, WDTEN0: WDT function enable 1010: WDT disabled Other values: WDT enabled - Recommended value is 0101 If the ²watchdog timer enable² is configuration option is selected, then the watchdog timer will always be enabled and the WDTEN3~WDTEN0 control bits will have no effect. The WDT is only disabled when both the WDT configuration option is disabled and when bits WDTEN3~WDTEN0=1010. The WDT is enabled when either the WDT configuration option is enabled or when bits WDTEN3~WDTEN0¹1010. 23 June 9, 2009 HT48R063/064/065/066/0662/067 · CTRL2 Register ¨ ¨ HT48R0662 Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Name ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ LXTEN R/W ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ R/W POR ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ 1 HT48R067 Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Name ¾ ¾ ¾ PWMC2 ¾ ¾ ¾ LXTEN R/W ¾ ¾ ¾ R/W ¾ ¾ ¾ R/W POR ¾ ¾ ¾ 0 ¾ ¾ ¾ 1 Others Unimplemented, read as ²0² Bit 4 PWMC2: I/O or PWM2 control 0: I/O 1: PWM2 output Bit 0 LXTEN: LXT oscillator on/off control after execution of HALT instruction 0: LXT off in Sleep mode 1: LXT on in Idle mode Wake-up Function Register - PAWK Software COM Register - SCOMC When the microcontroller enters the Idle/Sleep Mode, various methods exist to wake the device up and continue with normal operation. One method is to allow a falling edge on the I/O pins to have a wake-up function. This register is used to select which Port A I/O pins are used to have this wake-up function. The pins PB0~PB3 on Port B can be used as SCOM lines to drive an external LCD panel. To implement this function, the SCOMC register is used to setup the correct bias voltages on these pins. Pull-high Registers PAPU, PBPU, PCPU, PDPU, PEPU, PFPU The I/O pins, if configured as inputs, can have internal pull-high resistors connected, which eliminates the need for external pull-high resistors. This register selects which I/O pins are connected to internal pull-high resistors. Rev. 1.10 24 June 9, 2009 HT48R063/064/065/066/0662/067 Oscillator C 1 Various oscillator options offer the user a wide range of functions according to their various application requirements. The flexible features of the oscillator functions ensure that the best optimisation can be achieved in terms of speed and power saving. Oscillator selections and operation are selected through a combination of configuration options and registers. R p Freq. Pins External Crystal HXT 400kHz~ 12MHz OSC1/ OSC2 External RC ERC 400kHz~ 12MHz OSC1 Internal High Speed RC HIRC 4, 8 or 12MHz ¾ LXT Internal Low Speed RC LIRC Crystal Oscillator C1 and C2 Values Crystal Frequency C1 C2 12MHz 8pF 10pF 8MHz 8pF 10pF 4MHz 8pF 10pF 1MHz 100pF 100pF Note: C1 and C2 values are for guidance only. Crystal Recommended Capacitor Values External RC Oscillator - ERC Using the ERC oscillator only requires that a resistor, with a value between 24kW and 1.5MW, is connected between OSC1 and VDD, and a capacitor is connected between OSC and ground, providing a low cost oscillator configuration. It is only the external resistor that determines the oscillation frequency; the external capacitor has no influence over the frequency and is connected for stability purposes only. Device trimming during the manufacturing process and the inclusion of internal frequency compensation circuits are used to ensure that the influence of the power supply voltage, temperature and process variations on the oscillation frequency are minimised. As a resistance/frequency reference point, it can be noted that with an external 120K resistor connected and with a 5V voltage power supply and temperature of 25 degrees, the oscillator will have a frequency of 4MHz within a tolerance of 2%. Here only the OSC1 pin is used, which is shared with I/O pin PA6, leaving pin PA5 free for use as a normal I/O pin. 32768Hz XT1/ XT2* 13kHz ¾ ²*² For HT48R0662/HT48R067 only System Clock Configurations There are five system oscillators. Three high speed oscillators and two low speed oscillators. The high speed oscillators are the external crystal/ceramic oscillator HXT, the external - ERC, and the internal RC oscillator HIRC. The two low speed oscillator are the external 32768Hz oscillator - LXT and the internal 13kHz (VDD=5V) oscillator - LIRC. External Crystal/Resonator Oscillator - HXT V The simple connection of a crystal across OSC1 and OSC2 will create the necessary phase shift and feedback for oscillation. However, for some crystals and most resonator types, to ensure oscillation and accurate frequency generation, it is necessary to add two small value external capacitors, C1 and C2. The exact values of C1 and C2 should be selected in consultation with the crystal or resonator manufacturer¢s specification. Rev. 1.10 T o in te r n a l c ir c u its Crystal/Resonator Oscillator - HXT OSC1/ OSC2 External Low Speed Crystal In te r n a l O s c illa to r C ir c u it N o te : 1 . R p is n o r m a lly n o t r e q u ir e d . C 1 a n d C 2 a r e r e q u ir e d . 2 . A lth o u g h n o t s h o w n O S C 1 /O S C 2 p in s h a v e a p a r a s itic c a p a c ita n c e o f a r o u n d 7 p F . In addition to being the source of the main system clock the oscillators also provide clock sources for the Watchdog Timer and Time Base functions. External oscillators requiring some external components as well as a two fully integrated internal oscillators, requiring no external components, are provided to form a wide range of both fast and slow system oscillators. Name R f O S C 2 C 2 System Oscillator Overview Type O S C 1 R D D O S C P A 6 /O S C 1 4 7 0 p F P A 5 /O S C 2 External RC Oscillator - ERC 25 June 9, 2009 HT48R063/064/065/066/0662/067 Internal RC Oscillator - HIRC external parallel feedback resistor, Rp, is required. For the HT48R063/HT48R064/HT48R065/HT48R066 devices the LXT oscillator must be used together with the HIRC oscillator. For the HT48R0662/HT48R067 devices the LXT oscillator must be used together with either the HXT, ERC or HIRC register. The internal RC oscillator is a fully integrated system oscillator requiring no external components. The internal RC oscillator has three fixed frequencies of either 4MHz, 8MHz or 12MHz. Device trimming during the manufacturing process and the inclusion of internal frequency compensation circuits are used to ensure that the influence of the power supply voltage, temperature and process variations on the oscillation frequency are minimised. As a result, at a power supply of either 3V or 5V and at a temperature of 25 degrees, the fixed oscillation frequency of 4MHz, 8MHz or 12MHz will have a tolerance within 2%. Note that if this internal system clock option is selected, as it requires no external pins for its operation, I/O pins PA5 and PA6 are free for use as normal I/O pins. P A 5 /O S C 2 P A 6 /O S C 1 LXT Oscillator C1 and C2 Values 10pF be used as normal I/O pins. · If the ²LXT oscillator²is selected then the 32kHz crys- tal should be connected to the XT1/XT2 pins. LXT Oscillator Low Power Function The LXT oscillator can function in one of two modes, the Quick Start Mode and the Low Power Mode. The mode selection is executed using the LXTLP bit in the CTRL0 register. LXTLP Bit LXT Mode 0 Quick Start 1 Low-power After power on the LXTLP bit will be automatically cleared to zero ensuring that the LXT oscillator is in the Quick Start operating mode. In the Quick Start Mode the LXT oscillator will power up and stabilise quickly. However, after the LXT oscillator has fully powered up it can be placed into the Low-power mode by setting the LXTLP bit high. The oscillator will continue to run but with reduced current consumption, as the higher current consumption is only required during the LXT oscillator start-up. In power sensitive applications, such as battery applications, where power consumption must be kept to a minimum, it is therefore recommended that the application program sets the LXTLP bit high about 2 seconds after power-on. In te r n a l O s c illa to r C ir c u it It should be noted that, no matter what condition the LXTLP bit is set to, the LXT oscillator will always function normally, the only difference is that it will take more time to start up if in the Low-power mode. In te rn a l R C O s c illa to r T o in te r n a l c ir c u its Internal Low Speed Oscillator - LIRC The LIRC is a fully self-contained free running on-chip RC oscillator with a typical frequency of 13kHz at 5V requiring no external components. When the device enters the Idle/Sleep Mode, the system clock will stop N o te : 1 . R p , C 1 a n d C 2 a r e r e q u ir e d . 2 . A lth o u g h n o t s h o w n p in s h a v e a p a r a s itic c a p a c ita n c e o f a r o u n d 7 p F . External LXT Oscillator Rev. 1.10 8pF 1. C1 and C2 values are for guidance only. 2. RP=5M~10MW is recommended. · If the I/O option is selected then the XT1/XT2 pins can In te rn a l R C O s c illa to r When the microcontroller enters the Idle/Sleep Mode, the system clock is switched off to stop microcontroller activity and to conserve power. However, in many microcontroller applications it may be necessary to keep the internal timers operational even when the microcontroller is in the Power-down Mode. To do this, another clock, independent of the system clock, must be provided. To do this a configuration option exists to allow a high speed oscillator to be used in conjunction with a a low speed oscillator, known as the LXT oscillator. The LXT oscillator is implemented using a 32768Hz crystal connected to pins OSC1/OSC2 for the HT48R063/ HT48R064/HT48R065/HT48R066 or connected to pins XT1/XT2 for the HT48R0662/HT48R067. However, for some crystals, to ensure oscillation and accurate frequency generation, it is necessary to add two small value external capacitors, C1 and C2. The exact values of C1 and C2 should be selected in consultation with the crystal or resonator manufacturer¢s specification. The C 2 32768Hz For the HT48R0662/HT48R067, a configuration option determines if the XT1/XT2 pins are used for the LXT oscillator or as I/O pins. External 32768Hz Crystal Oscillator - LXT R p C2 32768 Hz Crystal Recommended Capacitor Values Internal RC Oscillator - HIRC 3 2 7 6 8 H z C1 Note: N o te : P A 5 /P A 6 u s e d a s n o rm a l I/O s C 1 Crystal Frequency 26 June 9, 2009 HT48R063/064/065/066/0662/067 HXT, ERC or the HIRC. The CLKMOD bit in the CTRL0 register can be used to switch the system clock from the selected high speed oscillator to the low speed LXT oscillator. When the HALT instruction is executed the LXT oscillator can be chosen to run or not using the LXTEN bit in the CTRL2 register. For all devices, when the system enters the Sleep or Idle Mode, the high frequency system clock will always stop running. The accompanying tables shows the relationship between the CLKMOD bit, the HALT instruction and the high/low frequency oscillators. The CLMOD bit can change normal or Slow Mode. running but the WDT oscillator continues to free-run and to keep the watchdog active. However, to preserve power in certain applications the LIRC can be disabled via a configuration option. Operating Modes By using the LXT low frequency oscillator in combination with a high frequency oscillator, the system can be selected to operate in a number of different modes. These Modes are Normal, Slow, Idle and Sleep. · Operating Mode Control Mode Types and Selection ¨ The higher frequency oscillators provide higher performance but carry with it the disadvantage of higher power requirements, while the opposite is of course true for the lower frequency oscillators. With the capability of dynamically switching between fast and slow oscillators, the device has the flexibility to optimise the performance/power ratio, a feature especially important in power sensitive portable applications. HT48R063/HT48R064/HT48R065/HT48R066 OSC1/OSC2 Configuration Operating Mode Normal · HT48R063/HT48R064/HT48R065/HT48R066 For these devices, if the LXT oscillator is used then the internal RC oscillator, HIRC, must be used as the high frequency oscillator. If the HXT or the ERC oscillator is chosen as the high frequency system clock then the LXT oscillator cannot be used for sharing the same pins. The CLKMOD bit in the CTRL0 register can be used to switch the system clock from the high speed HIRC oscillator to the low speed LXT oscillator. When the HALT instruction is executed and the device enters the Idle/Sleep Mode the LXT oscillator will always continue to run. For these devices the LXT crystal is connected to the OSC1/OSC2 pins and LXT will always run (the LXTEN bit is not used). Note that CLKMOD is only valid in HIRC+LXT oscillator configuration for HT48R063/HT48R064/ HT48R065/HT48R066. HIRC + LXT HXT ERC HIRC HIRC LXT Run Run Run Run Run Slow ¾ ¾ ¾ Stop Run Sleep Stop Stop Stop Stop Run ²¾² unimplemented ¨ HT48R0662/HT48R067 Operating Mode OSC1/OSC2 Configuration XT1/XT2 Configuration LXT HXT ERC HIRC LXTEN=0 LXTEN=1 Normal Run Run Run Run Run Slow Stop Stop Stop Run Run Idle Stop Stop Stop Stop Run Sleep Stop Stop Stop Stop Stop · HT48R0662/HT48R067 For these devices the LXT oscillator can run together with any of the high speed oscillators, namely the f H X T C L K M O D ( D e te r m in e N o r m a l/ S lo w M o d e ) H X T C o n fig u r a tio n o p tio n f E R C f H IR C E R C M U X H IR C ( N o r m a l) M U X (S L O W f f S Y S ) L X T L X T C o n fig u r a tio n o p tio n L IR C f L IR C f M U X S Y S T o w a tc h d o g tim e r /4 System Clock Configurations Rev. 1.10 27 June 9, 2009 HT48R063/064/065/066/0662/067 Mode Switching also consume a limited amount of power, as it continues to run when the device enters the Idle/Sleep Mode. To keep the LXT power consumption to a minimum level the LXTLP bit in the CTRL0 register, which controls the low power function, should be set high. The devices are switched between one mode and another using a combination of the CLKMOD bit in the CTRL0 register and the HALT instruction. The CLKMOD bit chooses whether the system runs in either the Normal or Slow Mode by selecting the system clock to be sourced from either a high or low frequency oscillator. The HALT instruction forces the system into either the Idle or Sleep Mode, depending upon whether the LXT oscillator is running or not. The HALT instruction operates independently of the CLKMOD bit condition. Wake-up After the system enters the Idle/Sleep Mode, it can be woken up from one of various sources listed as follows: · An external reset · An external falling edge on PA0 to PA7 · A system interrupt When a HALT instruction is executed and the LXT oscillator is not running, the system enters the Sleep mode the following conditions exist: · A WDT overflow If the system is woken up by an external reset, the device will experience a full system reset, however, if the device is woken up by a WDT overflow, a Watchdog Timer reset will be initiated. Although both of these wake-up methods will initiate a reset operation, the actual source of the wake-up can be determined by examining the TO and PDF flags. The PDF flag is cleared by a system power-up or executing the clear Watchdog Timer instructions and is set when executing the ²HALT² instruction. The TO flag is set if a WDT time-out occurs, and causes a wake-up that only resets the Program Counter and Stack Pointer, the other flags remain in their original status. · The system oscillator will stop running and the appli- cation program will stop at the ²HALT² instruction. · The Data Memory contents and registers will maintain their present condition. · The WDT will be cleared and resume counting if the WDT clock source is selected to come from the WDT or LXT oscillator. The WDT will stop if its clock source originates from the system clock. · The I/O ports will maintain their present condition. · In the status register, the Power Down flag, PDF, will be set and the Watchdog time-out flag, TO, will be cleared. Pins PA0 to PA7 can be setup via the PAWUK register to permit a negative transition on the pin to wake-up the system. When a PA0 to PA7 pin wake-up occurs, the program will resume execution at the instruction following the ²HALT² instruction. Standby Current Considerations As the main reason for entering the Idle/Sleep Mode is to keep the current consumption of the MCU to as low a value as possible, perhaps only in the order of several micro-amps, there are other considerations which must also be taken into account by the circuit designer if the power consumption is to be minimised. If the system is woken up by an interrupt, then two possible situations may occur. The first is where the related interrupt is disabled or the interrupt is enabled but the stack is full, in which case the program will resume execution at the instruction following the ²HALT² instruction. In this situation, the interrupt which woke-up the device will not be immediately serviced, but will rather be serviced later when the related interrupt is finally enabled or when a stack level becomes free. The other situation is where the related interrupt is enabled and the stack is not full, in which case the regular interrupt response takes place. If an interrupt request flag is set to ²1² before entering the Idle/Sleep Mode, then any future interrupt requests will not generate a wake-up function of the related interrupt will be ignored. Special attention must be made to the I/O pins on the device. All high-impedance input pins must be connected to either a fixed high or low level as any floating input pins could create internal oscillations and result in increased current consumption. Care must also be taken with the loads, which are connected to I/O pins, which are setup as outputs. These should be placed in a condition in which minimum current is drawn or connected only to external circuits that do not draw current, such as other CMOS inputs. If the configuration options have enabled the Watchdog Timer internal oscillator LIRC then this will continue to run when in the Idle/Sleep Mode and will thus consume some power. For power sensitive applications it may be therefore preferable to use the system clock source for the Watchdog Timer. The LXT, if configured for use, will Rev. 1.10 28 June 9, 2009 HT48R063/064/065/066/0662/067 The Watchdog Timer clock can emanate from three different sources, selected by configuration option. These are LXT, fSYS/4, or LIRC. It is important to note that when the system enters the Idle/Sleep Mode the instruction clock is stopped, therefore if the configuration options have selected fSYS/4 as the Watchdog Timer clock source, the Watchdog Timer will cease to function. For systems that operate in noisy environments, using the LIRC or the LXT as the clock source is therefore the recommended choice. The division ratio of the prescaler is determined by bits 0, 1 and 2 of the WDTS register, known as WS0, WS1 and WS2. If the Watchdog Timer internal clock source is selected and with the WS0, WS1 and WS2 bits of the WDTS register all set high, the prescaler division ratio will be 1:128, which will give a maximum time-out period. No matter what the source of the wake-up event is, once a wake-up event occurs, there will be a time delay before normal program execution resumes. Consult the table for the related time. Oscillator Type Wake-up Source External RES ERC, IRC Crystal tRSDT + tSST1 tRSDT + tSST2 tSST1 tSST2 PA Port Interrupt WDT Overflow Note: 1. tSYS (system clock) 2. tRSTD is power-on delay, typical time=100ms 3. tSST1= 2 or 1024 tSYS 4. tSST2= 1024 tSYS Under normal program operation, a Watchdog Timer time-out will initialise a device reset and set the status bit TO. However, if the system is in the Idle/Sleep Mode, when a Watchdog Timer time-out occurs, the device will be woken up, the TO bit in the status register will be set and only the Program Counter and Stack Pointer will be reset. Three methods can be adopted to clear the contents of the Watchdog Timer. The first is an external hardware reset, which means a low level on the external reset pin, the second is using the Clear Watchdog Timer software instructions and the third is when a HALT instruction is executed. There are two methods of using software instructions to clear the Watchdog Timer, one of which must be chosen by configuration option. The first option is to use the single ²CLR WDT² instruction while the second is to use the two commands ²CLR WDT1² and ²CLR WDT2². For the first option, a simple execution of ²CLR WDT² will clear the Watchdog Timer while for the second option, both ²CLR WDT1² and ²CLR WDT2² must both be executed to successfully clear the Watchdog Timer. Note that for this second option, if ²CLR WDT1² is used to clear the Watchdog Timer, successive executions of this instruction will have no effect, only the execution of a ²CLR WDT2² instruction will clear the Watchdog Timer. Similarly after the ²CLR WDT2² instruction has been executed, only a successive ²CLR WDT1² instruction can clear the Watchdog Timer. Wake-up Delay Time Watchdog Timer The Watchdog Timer, also known as the WDT, is provided to inhibit program malfunctions caused by the program jumping to unknown locations due to certain uncontrollable external events such as electrical noise. Watchdog Timer Operation It operates by providing a device reset when the Watchdog Timer counter overflows. Note that if the Watchdog Timer function is not enabled, then any instructions related to the Watchdog Timer will result in no operation. Setting up the various Watchdog Timer options are controlled via the configuration options and two internal registers WDTS and CTRL1. Enabling the Watchdog Timer can be controlled by both a configuration option and the WDTEN bits in the CTRL1 internal register in the Data Memory. Configuration Option CTRL1 Register WDT Function Disable Disable OFF Disable Enable ON Enable x ON Watchdog Timer On/Off Control The Watchdog Timer will be disabled if bits WDTEN3~WDTEN0 in the CTRL1 register are written with the binary value 1010B and WDT configuration option is disable. This will be the condition when the device is powered up. Although any other data written to WDTEN3~WDTEN0 will ensure that the Watchdog Timer is enabled, for maximum protection it is recommended that the value 0101B is written to these bits. Rev. 1.10 29 June 9, 2009 HT48R063/064/065/066/0662/067 C L R W D T 1 F la g C L R W D T 2 F la g C le a r W D T T y p e C o n fig u r a tio n O p tio n 1 o r 2 In s tr u c tio n s fS C L R /4 L X T L IR C C o n fig . O p tio n S e le c t Y S fW D T C K 1 5 s ta g e c o u n te r W D T C lo c k S o u r c e S e le c tio n W D T T im e - o u t W S 2 ~ W S 0 Watchdog Timer · WDTS Register Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Name ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ WS2 WS1 WS0 R/W ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ R/W R/W R/W POR ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ 1 1 1 Bit 7~3 : unimplemented, read as ²0² Bit 2~0 WS2, WS1, WS0: WDT time-out period selection 000: 28 tWDTCK 001: 29 tWDTCK 010: 210 tWDTCK 011: 211 tWDTCK 100: 212 tWDTCK 101: 213 tWDTCK 110: 214 tWDTCK 111: 215 tWDTCK Rev. 1.10 30 June 9, 2009 HT48R063/064/065/066/0662/067 Reset and Initialisation A reset function is a fundamental part of any microcontroller ensuring that the device can be set to some predetermined condition irrespective of outside parameters. The most important reset condition is after power is first applied to the microcontroller. In this case, internal circuitry will ensure that the microcontroller, after a short delay, will be in a well defined state and ready to execute the first program instruction. After this power-on reset, certain important internal registers will be set to defined states before the program commences. One of these registers is the Program Counter, which will be reset to zero forcing the microcontroller to begin program execution from the lowest Program Memory address. proper reset operation. For this reason it is recommended that an external RC network is connected to the RES pin, whose additional time delay will ensure that the RES pin remains low for an extended period to allow the power supply to stabilise. During this time delay, normal operation of the microcontroller will be inhibited. After the RES line reaches a certain voltage value, the reset delay time tRSTD is invoked to provide an extra delay time after which the microcontroller will begin normal operation. The abbreviation SST in the figures stands for System Start-up Timer. In addition to the power-on reset, situations may arise where it is necessary to forcefully apply a reset condition when the microcontroller is running. One example of this is where after power has been applied and the microcontroller is already running, the RES line is forcefully pulled low. In such a case, known as a normal operation reset, some of the microcontroller registers remain unchanged allowing the microcontroller to proceed with normal operation after the reset line is allowed to return high. Another type of reset is when the Watchdog Timer overflows and resets the microcontroller. All types of reset operations result in different register conditions being setup. In te rn a l R e s e t V D D 0 .9 V R E S t RR SS TT DD ++ t SS SS TT Note: tRSTD is power-on delay, typical time=100ms Power-On Reset Timing Chart For most applications a resistor connected between VDD and the RES pin and a capacitor connected between VSS and the RES pin will provide a suitable external reset circuit. Any wiring connected to the RES pin should be kept as short as possible to minimise any stray noise interference. For applications that operate within an environment where more noise is present the Enhanced Reset Circuit shown is recommended. V Another reset exists in the form of a Low Voltage Reset, LVR, where a full reset, similar to the RES reset is implemented in situations where the power supply voltage falls below a certain threshold. D D 0 .0 1 m F * * 1 N 4 1 4 8 * There are five ways in which a microcontroller reset can occur, through events occurring both internally and externally: V D D 1 0 k W ~ 1 0 0 k W Reset Functions 3 0 0 W * R E S /P A 7 0 .1 ~ 1 m F V S S · Power-on Reset The most fundamental and unavoidable reset is the one that occurs after power is first applied to the microcontroller. As well as ensuring that the Program Memory begins execution from the first memory address, a power-on reset also ensures that certain other registers are preset to known conditions. All the I/O port and port control registers will power up in a high condition ensuring that all pins will be first set to inputs. Although the microcontroller has an internal RC reset function, if the VDD power supply rise time is not fast enough or does not stabilise quickly at power-on, the internal reset function may be incapable of providing Rev. 1.10 D D Note: ²*² It is recommended that this component is added for added ESD protection ²**² It is recommended that this component is added in environments where power line noise is significant External RES Circuit More information regarding external reset circuits is located in Application Note HA0075E on the Holtek website. 31 June 9, 2009 HT48R063/064/065/066/0662/067 · RES Pin Reset W D T T im e - o u t This type of reset occurs when the microcontroller is already running and the RES pin is forcefully pulled low by external hardware such as an external switch. In this case as in the case of other reset, the Program Counter will reset to zero and program execution initiated from this point. R E S 0 .4 V 0 .9 V tS In te rn a l R e s e t WDT Time-out Reset during Idle/Sleep Timing Chart Note: D D D D tR S T D + tS S T In te rn a l R e s e t RES Reset Timing Chart The different types of reset described affect the reset flags in different ways. These flags, known as PDF and TO are located in the status register and are controlled by various microcontroller operations, such as the Idle/Sleep function or Watchdog Timer. The reset flags are shown in the table: · Low Voltage Reset - LVR The microcontroller contains a low voltage reset circuit in order to monitor the supply voltage of the device. The LVR function is selected via a configuration option. If the supply voltage of the device drops to within a range of 0.9V~VLVR such as might occur when changing the battery, the LVR will automatically reset the device internally. For a valid LVR signal, a low supply voltage, i.e., a voltage in the range between 0.9V~VLVR must exist for a time greater than that specified by tLVR in the A.C. characteristics. If the low supply voltage state does not exceed this value, the LVR will ignore the low supply voltage and will not perform a reset function. The actual VLVR value can be selected via configuration options. L V R S T D + tS Low Voltage Reset Timing Chart The Watchdog time-out Reset during normal operation is the same as a hardware RES pin reset except that the Watchdog time-out flag TO will be set to ²1². W D T T im e - o u t tS RESET Conditions 0 0 Power-on reset u u RES or LVR reset during Normal or Slow Mode operation 1 u WDT time-out reset during Normal or Slow Mode operation 1 1 WDT time-out reset during Idle or Sleep Mode operation Item · Watchdog Time-out Reset during Normal Operation + PDF The following table indicates the way in which the various components of the microcontroller are affected after a power-on reset occurs. Note: tRSTD is power-on delay, typical time=100ms S T D TO Note: ²u² stands for unchanged S T In te rn a l R e s e t tR The tSST can be chosen to be either 1024 or 2 clock cycles via configuration option if the system clock source is provided by ERC or HIRC. The SST is 1024 for HXT or LXT. Reset Initial Conditions Note: tRSTD is power-on delay, typical time=100ms tR S T S T In te rn a l R e s e t Note: tRSTD is power-on delay, typical time=100ms WDT Time-out Reset during Normal Operation Timing Chart Condition After RESET Program Counter Reset to zero Interrupts All interrupts will be disabled WDT Clear after reset, WDT begins counting Timer/Event Counter Timer Counter will be turned off Prescaler The Timer Counter Prescaler will be cleared Input/Output Ports I/O ports will be setup as inputs Stack Pointer · Watchdog Time-out Reset during Idle/Sleep mode Stack Pointer will point to the top of the stack The Watchdog time-out Reset during Idle/Sleep mode is a little different from other kinds of reset. Most of the conditions remain unchanged except that the Program Counter and the Stack Pointer will be cleared to ²0² and the TO flag will be set to ²1². Refer to the A.C. Characteristics for tSST details. Rev. 1.10 32 June 9, 2009 HT48R063/064/065/066/0662/067 The different kinds of resets all affect the internal registers of the microcontroller in different ways. To ensure reliable continuation of normal program execution after a reset occurs, it is important to know what condition the microcontroller is in after a particular reset occurs. The following table describes how each type of reset affects each of the microcontroller internal registers. HT48R063 HT48R064 HT48R065 HT48R066 HT48R0662 HT48R067 PCL · · · · · · MP0 · · 1xxx xxxx 1uuu uuuu 1uuu uuuu 1uuu uuuu MP1 · · 1xxx xxxx 1uuu uuuu 1uuu uuuu 1uuu uuuu Register Power-on Reset RES or LVR Reset WDT Time-out (Normal Operation) WDT Time-out (Idle/Sleep) 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 MP0 · · · · xxxx xxxx uuuu uuuu uuuu uuuu uuuu uuuu MP1 · · · · xxxx xxxx uuuu uuuu uuuu uuuu uuuu uuuu · · ---- ---0 ---- ---0 ---- ---0 ---- ---u BP ACC · · · · · · xxxx xxxx uuuu uuuu uuuu uuuu uuuu uuuu TBLP · · · · · · xxxx xxxx uuuu uuuu uuuu uuuu uuuu uuuu · · --xx xxxx --uu uuuu --uu uuuu --uu uuuu -xxx xxxx -uuu uuuu -uuu uuuu -uuu uuuu · xxxx xxxx uuuu uuuu uuuu uuuu uuuu uuuu · TBLH · · WDTS · · · · · · ---- -111 ---- -111 ---- -111 ---- -uuu STATUS · · · · · · --00 xxxx --uu uuuu --1u uuuu --11 uuuu INTC0 · · · · · · -000 0000 -000 0000 -000 0000 -uuu uuuu ---0 ---0 ---0 ---0 ---0 ---0 ---u ---u --0- --0- --0- --0- --0- --0- --u- --u- · -0-0 -0-0 -0-0 -0-0 -0-0 -0-0 -u-u -u-u · · INTC1 TMR0 · · · · · · xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx uuuu uuuu TMR0C · · · · · · 0000 1000 0000 1000 0000 1000 uuuu uuuu TMR1 · · · xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx uuuu uuuu TMR1C · · · 0000 1--- 0000 1--- 0000 1--- uuuu u--- TMR2 · xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx uu-u uuuu TMR2C · 00-0 1000 00-0 1000 00-0 1000 uuuu uuuu PA · · · · · · 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 uuuu uuuu PAC · · · · · · 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 uuuu uuuu PAWK · · · · · · 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 uuuu uuuu PAPU · · · · · · -000 0000 -000 0000 -000 0000 -uuu uuuu PB · · · · --11 1111 --11 1111 --11 1111 --uu uuuu PBC · · · · --11 1111 --11 1111 --11 1111 --uu uuuu PBPU · · · · --00 0000 -000 0000 -000 0000 --uu uuuu Rev. 1.10 33 June 9, 2009 HT48R063/064/065/066/0662/067 HT48R0662 HT48R067 HT48R066 HT48R065 HT48R064 HT48R063 PB · · 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 uuuu uuuu PBC · · 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 uuuu uuuu PBPU · · 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 uuuu uuuu Register Power-on Reset RES or LVR Reset WDT Time-out (Normal Operation) WDT Time-out (Idle/Sleep) PC · · · · · 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 uuuu uuuu PCC · · · · · 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 uuuu uuuu PCPU · · · · · 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 uuuu uuuu PD · · ---- 1111 ---- 1111 ---- 1111 ---- uuuu PDC · · ---- 1111 ---- 1111 ---- 1111 ---- uuuu PDPU · · ---- 0000 ---- 0000 ---- 0000 ---- uuuu PD · · 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 uuuu uuuu PDC · · 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 uuuu uuuu PDPU · · 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 uuuu uuuu PE · · 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 uuuu uuuu PEC · · 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 uuuu uuuu PEPU · · 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 uuuu uuuu PF · · ---- --11 ---- --11 ---- --11 ---- --uu PFC · · ---- --11 ---- --11 ---- --11 ---- --uu PFPU · · ---- --00 ---- --00 ---- --00 ---- --uu ---- 0000 ---- 0000 ---- 0000 ---- uuuu -0-- 0000 -0-- 0000 -0-- 0000 -u-- uuuu · · · · CTRL0 · · 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 uuuu uuuu · · 1000 1010 1000 1010 1000 1010 uuuu uuuu ---- ---1 ---- ---1 ---- ---1 ---- ---u · ---0 ---1 ---0 ---1 ---0 ---1 ---u ---u · · 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 uuuu uuuu PWM0 · · xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx uuuu uuuu PWM1 · · xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx uuuu uuuu · xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx uuuu uuuu CTRL1 · · · · · CTRL2 SCOMC · · · PWM2 Note: ²-² not implemented ²u² means ²unchanged² ²x² means ²unknown² Rev. 1.10 34 June 9, 2009 HT48R063/064/065/066/0662/067 Port A Wake-up Input/Output Ports If the HALT instruction is executed, the device will enter the Idle/Sleep Mode, where the system clock will stop resulting in power being conserved, a feature that is important for battery and other low-power applications. Various methods exist to wake-up the microcontroller, one of which is to change the logic condition on one of the PA0~PA7 pins from high to low. After a HALT instruction forces the microcontroller into entering the Idle/Sleep Mode, the processor will remain idle or in a low-power state until the logic condition of the selected wake-up pin on Port A changes from high to low. This function is especially suitable for applications that can be woken up via external switches. Note that pins PA0 to PA7 can be selected individually to have this wake-up feature using an internal register known as PAWK, located in the Data Memory. Holtek microcontrollers offer considerable flexibility on their I/O ports. Most pins can have either an input or output designation under user program control. Additionally, as there are pull-high resistors and wake-up software configurations, the user is provided with an I/O structure to meet the needs of a wide range of application possibilities. For input operation, these ports are non-latching, which means the inputs must be ready at the T2 rising edge of instruction ²MOV A,[m]², where m denotes the port address. For output operation, all the data is latched and remains unchanged until the output latch is rewritten. Pull-high Resistors Many product applications require pull-high resistors for their switch inputs usually requiring the use of an external resistor. To eliminate the need for these external resistors, when configured as an input have the capability of being connected to an internal pull-high resistor. These pull-high resistors are selectable via a register known as PAPU, PBPU, PCPU, PDPU, PEPU and PFPU located in the Data Memory. The pull-high resistors are implemented using weak PMOS transistors. Note that pin PA7 does not have a pull-high resistor selection. · PAWK, PAC, PAPU, PBC, PBPU, PCC, PCPU, PDC, PDPU, PEC, PEPU, PFC, PFPU Register ¨ HT48R063 Register Name POR Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 PAWK0 PAWK 00H PAWK7 PAWK6 PAWK5 PAWK4 PAWK3 PAWK2 PAWK1 PAC FFH PAC7 PAC6 PAC5 PAC4 PAC3 PAC2 PAC1 PAC0 PAPU 00H ¾ PAPU6 PAPU5 PAPU4 PAPU3 PAPU2 PAPU1 PAPU0 PBC 3FH ¾ ¾ PBC5 PBC4 PBC3 PBC2 PBC1 PBC0 PBPU 00H ¾ ¾ PBPU5 PBPU4 PBPU3 PBPU2 PBPU1 PBPU0 ²¾² Unimplemented, read as ²0² PAWKn: PA wake-up function enable 0: disable 1: enable PACn/PBCn: I/O type selection 0: output 1: input PAPUn/PBPUn: Pull-high function enable 0: disable 1: enable Rev. 1.10 35 June 9, 2009 HT48R063/064/065/066/0662/067 ¨ HT48R064 Bit Register Name POR 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 PAWK 00H PAWK7 PAWK6 PAWK5 PAWK4 PAWK3 PAWK2 PAWK1 PAWK0 PAC FFH PAC7 PAC6 PAC5 PAC4 PAC3 PAC2 PAC1 PAC0 PAPU 00H ¾ PAPU6 PAPU5 PAPU4 PAPU3 PAPU2 PAPU1 PAPU0 PBC 3FH ¾ ¾ PBC5 PBC4 PBC3 PBC2 PBC1 PBC0 PBPU0 PBPU 00H ¾ ¾ PBPU5 PBPU4 PBPU3 PBPU2 PBPU1 PCC FFH PCC7 PCC6 PCC5 PCC4 PCC3 PCC2 PCC1 PCC0 PCPU 00H PCPU7 PCPU6 PCPU5 PCPU4 PCPU3 PCPU2 PCPU1 PCPU0 ²¾² Unimplemented, read as ²0² PAWKn: PA wake-up function enable 0: disable 1: enable PACn/PBCn/PCCn: I/O type selection 0: output 1: input PAPUn/PBPUn/PCPUn: Pull-high function enable 0: disable 1: enable ¨ HT48R065/HT48R066 Register Name POR PAWK Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 00H PAWK7 PAWK6 PAWK5 PAWK4 PAWK3 PAWK2 PAWK1 PAWK0 PAC FFH PAC7 PAC6 PAC5 PAC4 PAC3 PAC2 PAC1 PAC0 PAPU 00H ¾ PAPU6 PAPU5 PAPU4 PAPU3 PAPU2 PAPU1 PAPU0 PBC 3FH ¾ ¾ PBC5 PBC4 PBC3 PBC2 PBC1 PBC0 PBPU 00H ¾ ¾ PBPU5 PBPU4 PBPU3 PBPU2 PBPU1 PBPU0 PCC FFH PCC7 PCC6 PCC5 PCC4 PCC3 PCC2 PCC1 PCC0 PCPU 00H PCPU7 PCPU6 PCPU5 PCPU4 PCPU3 PCPU2 PCPU1 PCPU0 PDC 0FH ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ PDC3 PDC2 PDC1 PDC0 PDPU 00H ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ PDPU3 PDPU2 PDPU1 PDPU0 ²¾² Unimplemented, read as ²0² PAWKn: PA wake-up function enable 0: disable 1: enable PACn/PBCn/PCCn/PDCn: I/O type selection 0: output 1: input PAPUn/PBPUn/PCPUn/PDPUn: Pull-high function enable 0: disable 1: enable Rev. 1.10 36 June 9, 2009 HT48R063/064/065/066/0662/067 ¨ HT48R0662/HT48R067 Bit Register Name POR 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 PAWK 00H PAWK7 PAWK6 PAWK5 PAWK4 PAWK3 PAWK2 PAWK1 PAWK0 PAC FFH PAC7 PAC6 PAC5 PAC4 PAC3 PAC2 PAC1 PAC0 PAPU0 PAPU 00H ¾ PAPU6 PAPU5 PAPU4 PAPU3 PAPU2 PAPU1 PBC FFH PBC7 PBC6 PBC5 PBC4 PBC3 PBC2 PBC1 PBC0 PBPU 00H PBPU7 PBPU6 PBPU5 PBPU4 PBPU3 PBPU2 PBPU1 PBPU0 PCC FFH PCC7 PCC6 PCC5 PCC4 PCC3 PCC2 PCC1 PCC0 PCPU 00H PCPU7 PCPU6 PCPU5 PCPU4 PCPU3 PCPU2 PCPU1 PCPU0 PDC 0FH PDC7 PDC6 PDC5 PDC4 PDC3 PDC2 PDC1 PDC0 PDPU 00H PDPU7 PDPU6 PDPU5 PDPU4 PDPU3 PDPU2 PDPU1 PDPU0 PEC FFH PEC7 PEC6 PEC5 PEC4 PEC3 PEC2 PEC1 PEC0 PEPU 00H PEPU7 PEPU6 PEPU5 PEPU4 PEPU3 PEPU2 PEPU1 PEPU0 PFC 03H ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ PFC1 PFC0 PFPU 00H ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ PFPU1 PFPU0 ²¾² Unimplemented, read as ²0² PAWKn: PA wake-up function enable 0: disable 1: enable PACn/PBCn/PCCn/PDCn/PECn/PFCn: I/O type selection 0: output 1: input PAPUn/PBPUn/PCPUn/PDPUn/PEPUn/PFPUn: Pull-high function enable 0: disable 1: enable I/O Port Control Registers multi-function I/O pins is set by configuration options while for others the function is set by application program control. Each Port has its own control register, known as PAC, PBC, PCC, PDC, PEC, PFC which controls the input/output configuration. With this control register, each I/O pin with or without pull-high resistors can be reconfigured dynamically under software control. For the I/O pin to function as an input, the corresponding bit of the control register must be written as a ²1². This will then allow the logic state of the input pin to be directly read by instructions. When the corresponding bit of the control register is written as a ²0², the I/O pin will be setup as a CMOS output. If the pin is currently setup as an output, instructions can still be used to read the output register. However, it should be noted that the program will in fact only read the status of the output data latch and not the actual logic status of the output pin. · External Interrupt Input The external interrupt pin, INT, is pin-shared with an I/O pin. To use the pin as an external interrupt input the correct bits in the INTCO register must be programmed. The pin must also be setup as an input by setting the appropriate bit in the Port Control Register. A pull-high resistor can also be selected via the appropriate port pull-high resistor register. Note that even if the pin is setup as an external interrupt input the I/O function still remains. · External Timer/Event Counter Input The Timer/Event Counter pins, TC0, TC1 and TC2 are pin-shared with I/O pins. For these shared pins to be used as Timer/Event Counter inputs, the Timer/Event Counter must be configured to be in the Event Counter or pulse width capture Mode. This is achieved by setting the appropriate bits in the Timer/Event Counter Control Register. The pins must also be setup as inputs by setting the appropriate bit in the Port Control Register. Pull-high resistor options can also be selected using the port pull-high resistor registers. Note that even if the pin is setup as an external timer input the I/O function still remains. Pin-shared Functions The flexibility of the microcontroller range is greatly enhanced by the use of pins that have more than one function. Limited numbers of pins can force serious design constraints on designers but by supplying pins with multi-functions, many of these difficulties can be overcome. For some pins, the chosen function of the Rev. 1.10 37 June 9, 2009 HT48R063/064/065/066/0662/067 · PFD Output The PCFG bit in the CTRL0 register allows the three function pins INT, TC0 and PFD to be remapped to different port pins. After power up, this bit will be reset to zero, which will define the default port pins to which these three functions will be mapped. Changing this bit will move the functions to other port pins. The device contains a PFD function whose single or dual outputs are pin-shared with I/O pins. The output function of these pin are chosen using the CTRL0 register. Note that the corresponding bit of the port control register, must setup the pin as an output to enable the PFD, PFD output. If the port control register has setup these pins as input, then these pins will function as normal logic input with the usual pull-high selection, even if the PFD function has been selected. Examination of the pin names on the package diagrams will reveal that some pin function names are repeated, this indicates a function pin that can be remapped to other port pins. If the pin name is bracketed then this indicates its alternative location. Pin names without brackets indicates its default location which is the condition after Power-on. · PWM Outputs Some devices contain a PWM function whose outputs are pin-shared with I/O pins. The PWM output functions are chosen using the CTRL0 and CTRL2 registers. Note that the corresponding bit of the port control registers, for the output pin, must setup the pin as an output to enable the PWM output. If the pins are setup as inputs, then the pin will function as a normal logic input with the usual pull-high selections, even if the PWM registers have enabled the PWM function. PCFG Bit Status PCFG Bit 0 1 Pin Mapping INT/PA3 TC0/PA2 PFD/PA1 [INT]/PB5 [TC0]/PB4 [PFD]/PB3 · SCOM Driver Pins Pin Remapping Pins PB0~PB3 on Port B can be used as LCD COM driver pins. This function is controlled using the SCOMC register which will generate the necessary 1/2 bias signals on these four pins. I/O Pin Structures The diagrams illustrate the I/O pin internal structures. As the exact logical construction of the I/O pin may differ from these drawings, they are supplied as a guide only to assist with the functional understanding of the I/O pins. Pin Remapping Configuration HT48R0662/HT48R067 The pin remapping function enables the function pins INT, TC0 and PFD to be located on different port pins. It is important not to confuse the Pin Remapping function with the Pin-shared function, these two functions have no interdependence. V P u ll- H ig h S e le c t C o n tr o l B it D a ta B u s W r ite C o n tr o l R e g is te r Q D W r ite D a ta R e g is te r S I/O S y s te m p in D a ta B it Q D C K Q S R e a d D a ta R e g is te r W e a k P u ll- u p Q C K C h ip R e s e t R e a d C o n tr o l R e g is te r D D M U X P A o n ly W a k e -u p W a k e - u p S e le c t Generic Input/Output Ports Rev. 1.10 38 June 9, 2009 HT48R063/064/065/066/0662/067 C o n tr o l B it Q D D a ta B u s W r ite C o n tr o l R e g is te r C K Q S C h ip R e s e t P A 7 /R E S R e a d C o n tr o l R e g is te r D a ta B it Q D W r ite D a ta R e g is te r C K S Q M R e a d D a ta R e g is te r S y s te m U X W a k e -u p (P A 7 ) P A W K 7 R E S fo r P A 7 o n ly PA7 NMOS Input/Output Port V P u ll- H ig h S e le c t D a ta B u s W r ite C o n tr o l R e g is te r C o n tr o l B it Q D D D W e a k P u ll- u p Q C K S C h ip R e s e t R e a d C o n tr o l R e g is te r W r ite D a ta R e g is te r P B 0 /S C O M 0 ~ P B 3 /S C O M 3 P B 4 ,P B 5 D a ta B it Q D Q C K S M R e a d D a ta R e g is te r U X V D D /2 C O M n E N S C O M E N PB Input/Output Port Rev. 1.10 39 June 9, 2009 HT48R063/064/065/066/0662/067 Configuring the Timer/Event Counter Input Clock Source Programming Considerations Within the user program, one of the first things to consider is port initialisation. After a reset, the I/O data register and I/O port control register will be set high. This means that all I/O pins will default to an input state, the level of which depends on the other connected circuitry and whether pull-high options have been selected. If the port control registers, are then programmed to setup some pins as outputs, these output pins will have an initial high output value unless the associated port data register is first programmed. Selecting which pins are inputs and which are outputs can be achieved byte-wide by loading the correct value into the port control register or by programming individual bits in the port control register using the ²SET [m].i² and ²CLR [m].i² instructions. Note that when using these bit control instructions, a read-modify-write operation takes place. The microcontroller must first read in the data on the entire port, modify it to the required new bit values and then rewrite this data back to the output ports. T 1 S y s te m T 2 T 3 T 4 T 1 T 2 T 3 The Timer/Event Counter clock source can originate from various sources, an internal clock or an external pin. The internal clock source source is used when the timer is in the timer mode or in the pulse width capture mode. For some Timer/Event Counters, this internal clock source is first divided by a prescaler, the division ratio of which is conditioned by the Timer Control Register bits T0PSC0~T0PSC2 or T2PSC0~ T2PSC2. For Timer/Event Counter 0, the internal clock source can be either fSYS or the LXT Oscillator, the choice of which is determined by the T0S bit in the TMR0C register. An external clock source is used when the timer is in the event counting mode, the clock source being provided on an external timer pin TCn. Depending upon the condition of the TnEG bit, each high to low, or low to high transition on the external timer pin will increment the counter by one. Timer Registers - TMR0, TMR1, TMR2 T 4 C lo c k The timer registers are special function registers located in the Special Purpose Data Memory and is the place where the actual timer value is stored. These registers are known as TMR0, TMR1 and TMR2. The value in the timer registers increases by one each time an internal clock pulse is received or an external transition occurs on the external timer pin. The timer will count from the initial value loaded by the preload register to the full count of FFH at which point the timer overflows and an internal interrupt signal is generated. The timer value will then be reset with the initial preload register value and continue counting. P o rt D a ta R e a d fro m P o rt W r ite to P o r t Read Modify Write Timing Pins PA0 to PA7 each have a wake-up functions, selected via the PAWK register. When the device is in the Idle/Sleep Mode, various methods are available to wake the device up. One of these is a high to low transition of any of the these pins. Single or multiple pins on Port A can be setup to have this function. Note that to achieve a maximum full range count of FFH, the preload register must first be cleared to all zeros. It should be noted that after power-on, the preload registers will be in an unknown condition. Note that if the Timer/Event Counter is in an OFF condition and data is written to its preload register, this data will be immediately written into the actual counter. However, if the counter is enabled and counting, any new data written into the preload data register during this period will remain in the preload register and will only be written into the actual counter the next time an overflow occurs. Timer/Event Counters The provision of timers form an important part of any microcontroller, giving the designer a means of carrying out time related functions. The devices contain from one to three count-up timer of 8-bit capacity. As the timers have three different operating modes, they can be configured to operate as a general timer, an external event counter or as a pulse width capture device. The provision of an internal prescaler to the clock circuitry on gives added range to the timers. There are two types of registers related to the Timer/Event Counters. The first is the register that contains the actual value of the timer and into which an initial value can be preloaded. Reading from this register retrieves the contents of the Timer/Event Counter. The second type of associated register is the Timer Control Register which defines the timer options and determines how the timer is to be used. The device can have the timer clock configured to come from the internal clock source. In addition, the timer clock source can also be configured to come from an external timer pin. Rev. 1.10 Timer Control Registers - TMR0C, TMR1C, TMR2C The flexible features of the Holtek microcontroller Timer/Event Counters enable them to operate in three different modes, the options of which are determined by the contents of their respective control register. The Timer Control Register is known as TMRnC. It is the Timer Control Register together with its corresponding timer register that control the full operation of the Timer/Event Counter. Before the timer can be used, it is essential that the Timer Control Register is fully pro- 40 June 9, 2009 HT48R063/064/065/066/0662/067 P W M P W M C 0 P W M C 1 P W M C 2 C o n tro l P W M 0 , P W M 1 , P W M 2 T im e - B a s e e v e n t in te r r u p t P e r io d 1 (2 10 ~ 2 13 ) * fT P T im e - B a s e C o n tr o l T 0 S fS Y S fL X T 0 M U X 1 fT T 0 P S C [2 :0 ] P 7 S ta g e C o u n te r 7 T o T im e r 0 in te r n a l c lo c k (fT 0 C K = fT P ~ fT P /1 2 8 ) 8 -1 M U X 7 T 2 P S C T o T im e r 2 in te r n a l c lo c k (fT 2 C K = fT P ~ fT P /1 2 8 ) 8 -1 M U X [2 :0 ] Clock Structure for Timer/PWM/Time Base D a ta B u s T 0 M 1 , T 0 M 0 T im e r 0 In te r n a l C lo c k (fT 0 C K ) P r e lo a d R e g is te r M o d e C o n tro l T 0 O V O v e r flo w to In te rru p t U p C o u n te r T C 0 T 0 O N T 0 E G ¸ P F D 0 2 8-bit Timer/Event Counter 0 Structure D a ta B u s T 1 M 1 , T 1 M 0 fS Y S /4 L X T O s c illa to r M U X P r e lo a d R e g is te r M o d e C o n tro l T 1 O V T 1 S O v e r flo w to In te rru p t U p C o u n te r T C 1 T 1 O N T 1 E G ¸ P F D 1 2 8-bit Timer/Event Counter 1 Structure D a ta B u s T 2 M 1 , T 2 M 0 T im e r 2 In te r n a l C lo c k (fT 2 C K ) P r e lo a d R e g is te r M o d e C o n tro l T 2 O V T C 2 U p C o u n te r T 2 O N T 2 E G O v e r flo w to In te rru p t 8-bit Timer/Event Counter 2 Structure P F D C S P F D 0 0 P F D 1 1 M U X P F D o u tp u t Note: If PWM0/PWM1/PWM2 is enabled, then fTP comes from fSYS (ignore T0S) Rev. 1.10 41 June 9, 2009 HT48R063/064/065/066/0662/067 · TMR0C Register Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Name T0M1 T0M0 T0S T0ON T0EG T0PSC2 T0PSC1 T0PSC0 R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W POR 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 Bit 7,6 T0M1, T0M0: Timer0 operation mode selection 00: no mode available 01: event counter mode 10: timer mode 11: pulse width capture mode Bit 5 T0S: timer clock source 0: fSYS 1: LXT oscillator T0S selects the clock source for fTP which is provided for Timer 0, Timer 2, the Time-Base and the PWM. If the PWM is enabled, then fSYS will be selected, overriding the T0S selection. Bit 4 T0ON: Timer/event counter counting enable 0: disable 1: enable Bit 3 T0EG: Event counter active edge selection 0: count on raising edge 1: count on falling edge Pulse Width Capture active edge selection 0: start counting on falling edge, stop on rasing edge 1: start counting on raising edge, stop on falling edge Bit 2~0 T0PSC2, T0PSC1, T0PSC0: Timer prescaler rate selection Timer internal clock= 000: fTP 001: fTP/2 010: fTP/4 011: fTP/8 100: fTP/16 101: fTP/32 110: fTP/64 111: fTP/128 Rev. 1.10 42 June 9, 2009 HT48R063/064/065/066/0662/067 · TMR1C Register Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Name T1M1 T1M0 T1S T1ON T1EG ¾ ¾ ¾ R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W ¾ ¾ ¾ POR 0 0 0 0 1 ¾ ¾ ¾ Bit 7,6 T1M1, T1M0: Timer1 operation mode selection 00: no mode available 01: event counter mode 10: timer mode 11: pulse width capture mode Bit 5 T1S: timer clock source 0: fSYS/4 1: LXT oscillator Bit 4 T1ON: Timer/event counter counting enable 0: disable 1: enable Bit 3 T1EG: Event counter active edge selection 0: count on raising edge 1: count on falling edge Pulse width capture active edge selection 0: start counting on falling edge, stop on rasing edge 1: start counting on raising edge, stop on falling edge Bit 2~0 unimplemented, read as ²0² · TMR2C Register Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Name T2M1 T2M0 ¾ T2ON T2EG T2PSC2 T2PSC1 T2PSC0 R/W R/W R/W ¾ R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W POR 0 0 ¾ 0 1 0 0 0 Bit 7, 6 T2M1, T2M0: Timer2 operation mode selection 00: no mode available 01: event counter mode 10: timer mode 11: pulse width capture mode Bit 5 unimplemented, read as ²0² Bit 4 T2ON: Timer/event counter counting enable 0: disable 1: enable Bit 3 T2EG: Event counter active edge selection 0: count on raising edge 1: count on falling edge Pulse width capture active edge selection 0: start counting on falling edge, stop on rasing edge 1: start counting on raising edge, stop on falling edge Bit 2~0 T2PSC2, T2PSC1, T2PSC0: Timer prescaler rate selection Timer internal clock= 000: fTP 001: fTP/2 010: fTP/4 011: fTP/8 100: fTP/16 101: fTP/32 110: fTP/64 111: fTP/128 Rev. 1.10 43 June 9, 2009 HT48R063/064/065/066/0662/067 counting. A timer overflow condition and corresponding internal interrupt is one of the wake-up sources, however, the internal interrupts can be disabled by ensuring that the ETnI bits of the INTCn register are reset to zero. grammed with the right data to ensure its correct operation, a process that is normally carried out during program initialisation. To choose which of the three modes the timer is to operate in, either in the timer mode, the event counting mode or the pulse width capture mode, bits 7 and 6 of the Timer Control Register, which are known as the bit pair TnM1/TnM0, must be set to the required logic levels. The timer-on bit, which is bit 4 of the Timer Control Register and known as TnON, provides the basic on/off control of the respective timer. Setting the bit high allows the counter to run, clearing the bit stops the counter. Bits 0~2 of the Timer Control Register determine the division ratio of the input clock prescaler. The prescaler bit settings have no effect if an external clock source is used. If the timer is in the event count or pulse width capture mode, the active transition edge level type is selected by the logic level of bit 3 of the Timer Control Register which is known as TnEG. The TnS bit selects the internal clock source if used. Event Counter Mode In this mode, a number of externally changing logic events, occurring on the external timer TCn pin, can be recorded by the Timer/Event Counter. To operate in this mode, the Operating Mode Select bit pair, TnM1/TnM0, in the Timer Control Register must be set to the correct value as shown. Control Register Operating Mode Select Bits for the Event Counter Mode In this mode, the Timer/Event Counter can be utilised to measure fixed time intervals, providing an internal interrupt signal each time the Timer/Event Counter overflows. To operate in this mode, the Operating Mode Select bit pair, TnM1/TnM0, in the Timer Control Register must be set to the correct value as shown. Bit7 Bit6 1 0 1 In this mode, the external timer TCn pin, is used as the Timer/Event Counter clock source, however it is not divided by the internal prescaler. After the other bits in the Timer Control Register have been setup, the enable bit TnON, which is bit 4 of the Timer Control Register, can be set high to enable the Timer/Event Counter to run. If the Active Edge Select bit, TnE, which is bit 3 of the Timer Control Register, is low, the Timer/Event Counter will increment each time the external timer pin receives a low to high transition. If the TnEG is high, the counter will increment each time the external timer pin receives a high to low transition. When it is full and overflows, an interrupt signal is generated and the Timer/Event Counter will reload the value already loaded into the preload register and continue counting. The interrupt can be disabled by ensuring that the Timer/Event Counter Interrupt Enable bit in the corresponding Interrupt Control Register, is reset to zero. Timer Mode Control Register Operating Mode Select Bits for the Timer Mode Bit7 Bit6 0 In this mode the internal clock is used as the timer clock. The timer input clock source is either fSYS , fSYS/4 or the LXT oscillator. However, this timer clock source is further divided by a prescaler, the value of which is determined by the bits TnPSC2~TnPSC0 in the Timer Control Register. The timer-on bit, TnON must be set high to enable the timer to run. Each time an internal clock high to low transition occurs, the timer increments by one; when the timer is full and overflows, an interrupt signal is generated and the timer will reload the value already loaded into the preload register and continue As the external timer pin is shared with an I/O pin, to ensure that the pin is configured to operate as an event counter input pin, two things have to happen. The first is to ensure that the Operating Mode Select bits in the Timer Control Register place the Timer/Event Counter in the Event Counting Mode, the second is to ensure that the port control register configures the pin as an input. It should be noted that in the event counting mode, even if the microcontroller is in the Idle/Sleep Mode, the P r e s c a le r O u tp u t In c re m e n t T im e r C o n tr o lle r T im e r + 1 T im e r + 2 T im e r + N T im e r + N + 1 Timer Mode Timing Chart E x te rn a l E v e n t In c re m e n t T im e r C o u n te r T im e r + 1 T im e r + 2 T im e r + 3 Event Counter Mode Timing Chart (TnEG=1) Rev. 1.10 44 June 9, 2009 HT48R063/064/065/066/0662/067 The residual value in the Timer/Event Counter, which can now be read by the program, therefore represents the length of the pulse received on the TCn pin. As the enable bit has now been reset, any further transitions on the external timer pin will be ignored. The timer cannot begin further pulse width capture until the enable bit is set high again by the program. In this way, single shot pulse measurements can be easily made. Timer/Event Counter will continue to record externally changing logic events on the timer input TCn pin. As a result when the timer overflows it will generate a timer interrupt and corresponding wake-up source. Pulse Width Capture Mode In this mode, the Timer/Event Counter can be utilised to measure the width of external pulses applied to the external timer pin. To operate in this mode, the Operating Mode Select bit pair, TnM1/TnM0, in the Timer Control Register must be set to the correct value as shown. Control Register Operating Mode Select Bits for the Pulse Width Measurement Mode It should be noted that in this mode the Timer/Event Counter is controlled by logical transitions on the external timer pin and not by the logic level. When the Timer/Event Counter is full and overflows, an interrupt signal is generated and the Timer/Event Counter will reload the value already loaded into the preload register and continue counting. The interrupt can be disabled by ensuring that the Timer/Event Counter Interrupt Enable bit in the corresponding Interrupt Control Register, is reset to zero. Bit7 Bit6 1 1 In this mode the internal clock, fSYS , fSYS/4 or the LXT, is used as the internal clock for the 8-bit Timer/Event Counter. However, the clock source, fSYS, for the 8-bit timer is further divided by a prescaler, the value of which is determined by the Prescaler Rate Select bits TnPSC2~TnPSC0, which are bits 2~0 in the Timer Control Register. After the other bits in the Timer Control Register have been setup, the enable bit TnON, which is bit 4 of the Timer Control Register, can be set high to enable the Timer/Event Counter, however it will not actually start counting until an active edge is received on the external timer pin. As the TCn pin is shared with an I/O pin, to ensure that the pin is configured to operate as a pulse width capture pin, two things have to happen. The first is to ensure that the Operating Mode Select bits in the Timer Control Register place the Timer/Event Counter in the pulse width capture Mode, the second is to ensure that the port control register configures the pin as an input. Prescaler Bits TnPSC0~TnPSC2 of the TMRnC register can be used to define a division ratio for the internal clock source of the Timer/Event Counter enabling longer time out periods to be setup. If the Active Edge Select bit TnEG, which is bit 3 of the Timer Control Register, is low, once a high to low transition has been received on the external timer pin, the Timer/Event Counter will start counting until the external timer pin returns to its original high level. At this point the enable bit will be automatically reset to zero and the Timer/Event Counter will stop counting. If the Active Edge Select bit is high, the Timer/Event Counter will begin counting once a low to high transition has been received on the external timer pin and stop counting when the external timer pin returns to its original low level. As before, the enable bit will be automatically reset to zero and the Timer/Event Counter will stop counting. It is important to note that in the pulse width capture Mode, the enable bit is automatically reset to zero when the external control signal on the external timer pin returns to its original level, whereas in the other two modes the enable bit can only be reset to zero under program control. PFD Function The Programmable Frequency Divider provides a means of producing a variable frequency output suitable for applications, such as piezo-buzzer driving or other interfaces requiring a precise frequency generator. Depending upon which device is used, there is either a single output, PFD, or a complimentary output pair, PFD and PFD. As the pins are shared with I/O pins, the function is selected using the CTRL0 register. Note that the PFD pin is the inverse of the PDF pin generating a complementary output and supplying more power to connected interfaces such as buzzers. The PFDEN[1:0] in CTRL0 register can select a single PFD pin or the com- E x te rn a l T C n P in In p u t T n O N - w ith T n E = 0 P r e s c a le r O u tp u t In c re m e n t T im e r C o u n te r T im e r + 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 P r e s c a le r O u tp u t is s a m p le d a t e v e r y fa llin g e d g e o f T 1 . Pulse Width Measure Mode Timing Chart (TnEG=0) Rev. 1.10 45 June 9, 2009 HT48R063/064/065/066/0662/067 the Port A control register PAC, to setup the PFD pins as outputs. If only one pin is setup as an output, the other pin can still be used as a normal data input pin. However, if both pins are setup as inputs then the PFD will not function. For devices with dual outputs the PFD outputs will only be activated if bit PA0 is set high. For devices with a single PFD output, bit PA1 must be set high to activate the PFD. These output data bits can be used as the on/off control bit for the PFD outputs. Note that the PFD outputs will all be low if the output data bit is cleared to zero. plimentary pair PFD and PFD for those devices with dual outputs. The Timer/Event Counter overflow signal is the clock source for the PFD function, which is controlled by PFDCS bit in CTRL0. For applicable devices the clock source can come from either Timer/Event Counter 0 or Timer/Event Counter 1. The output frequency is controlled by loading the required values into the timer prescaler and timer registers to give the required division ratio. The counter will begin to count-up from this preload register value until full, at which point an overflow signal is generated, causing both the PFD and PFD outputs to change state. The counter will then be automatically reloaded with the preload register value and continue counting-up. Using this method of frequency generation, and if a crystal oscillator is used for the system clock, very precise values of frequency can be generated. If the CTRL0 register has selected the PFD function, then for both PFD outputs to operate, it is essential for · HT48R063/HT48R064/HT48R065/HT48R066 T im e r O v e r flo w P F D C lo c k P A 0 o r P A 1 D a ta P F D O u tp u t a t P A 0 P F D O u tp u t a t P A 1 PFD Function - Complementary Outputs T im e r O v e r flo w P F D C lo c k P A 0 D a ta P F D O u tp u t a t P A 0 PFD Function - Single Output · HT48R0662/HT48R067 T im e r O v e r flo w P F D C lo c k P A 1 D a ta P F D O u tp u t a t P A 1 PFD Function Rev. 1.10 46 June 9, 2009 HT48R063/064/065/066/0662/067 I/O Interfacing be properly set otherwise the internal interrupt associated with the timer will remain inactive. The edge select, timer mode and clock source control bits in timer control register must also be correctly set to ensure the timer is properly configured for the required application. It is also important to ensure that an initial value is first loaded into the timer registers before the timer is switched on; this is because after power-on the initial values of the timer registers are unknown. After the timer has been initialised the timer can be turned on and off by controlling the enable bit in the timer control register. The Timer/Event Counter, when configured to run in the event counter or pulse width capture mode, requires the use of an external timer pin for its operation. As this pin is a shared pin it must be configured correctly to ensure that it is setup for use as a Timer/Event Counter input pin. This is achieved by ensuring that the mode select bits in the Timer/Event Counter control register, select either the event counter or pulse width capture mode. Additionally the corresponding Port Control Register bit must be set high to ensure that the pin is setup as an input. Any pull-high resistor connected to this pin will remain valid even if the pin is used as a Timer/Event Counter input. When the Timer/Event Counter overflows, its corresponding interrupt request flag in the interrupt control register will be set. If the Timer/Event Counter interrupt is enabled this will in turn generate an interrupt signal. However irrespective of whether the interrupts are enabled or not, a Timer/Event Counter overflow will also generate a wake-up signal if the device is in a Power-down condition. This situation may occur if the Timer/Event Counter is in the Event Counting Mode and if the external signal continues to change state. In such a case, the Timer/Event Counter will continue to count these external events and if an overflow occurs the device will be woken up from its Power-down condition. To prevent such a wake-up from occurring, the timer interrupt request flag should first be set high before issuing the ²HALT² instruction to enter the Idle/Sleep Mode. Programming Considerations When configured to run in the timer mode, the internal system clock is used as the timer clock source and is therefore synchronised with the overall operation of the microcontroller. In this mode when the appropriate timer register is full, the microcontroller will generate an internal interrupt signal directing the program flow to the respective internal interrupt vector. For the pulse width capture mode, the internal system clock is also used as the timer clock source but the timer will only run when the correct logic condition appears on the external timer input pin. As this is an external event and not synchronised with the internal timer clock, the microcontroller will only see this external event when the next timer clock pulse arrives. As a result, there may be small differences in measured values requiring programmers to take this into account during programming. The same applies if the timer is configured to be in the event counting mode, which again is an external event and not synchronised with the internal system or timer clock. Timer Program Example The program shows how the Timer/Event Counter registers are setup along with how the interrupts are enabled and managed. Note how the Timer/Event Counter is turned on, by setting bit 4 of the Timer Control Register. The Timer/Event Counter can be turned off in a similar way by clearing the same bit. This example program sets the Timer/Event Counters to be in the timer mode, which uses the internal system clock as their clock source. When the Timer/Event Counter is read, or if data is written to the preload register, the clock is inhibited to avoid errors, however as this may result in a counting error, this should be taken into account by the programmer. Care must be taken to ensure that the timers are properly initialised before using them for the first time. The associated timer enable bits in the interrupt control register must Rev. 1.10 47 June 9, 2009 HT48R063/064/065/066/0662/067 · PFD Programming Example org 04h ; external interrupt vector org 08h ; Timer Counter 0 interrupt vector jmp tmr0int ; jump here when Timer 0 overflows : : org 20h ; main program : : ;internal Timer 0 interrupt routine tmr0int: : ; Timer 0 main program placed here : : begin: ;setup Timer 0 registers mov a,09bh ; setup Timer 0 preload value mov tmr0,a mov a,081h ; setup Timer 0 control register mov tmr0c,a ; timer mode and prescaler set to /2 ;setup interrupt register mov a,00dh ; enable master interrupt and both timer interrupts mov intc0,a : : set tmr0c.4 ; start Timer 0 : : Time Base The device includes a Time Base function which is used to generate a regular time interval signal. The Time Base time interval magnitude is determined using an internal 13 stage counter sets the division ratio of the clock source. This division ratio is controlled by both the TBSEL0 and TBSEL1 bits in the CTRL1 register. The clock source is selected using the T0S bit in the TMR0C register. When the Time Base time out, a Time Base interrupt signal will be generated. It should be noted that as the Time Base clock source is the same as the Timer/Event Counter clock source, care should be taken when programming. Rev. 1.10 48 June 9, 2009 HT48R063/064/065/066/0662/067 Pulse Width Modulator control using the CTRL0 and CTRL2 registers, the subdivision of the waveform into its sub-modulation cycles is implemented automatically within the microcontroller hardware. The PWM clock source is the system clock fSYS. This method of dividing the original modulation cycle into a further 2 or 4 sub-cycles enable the generation of higher PWM frequencies which allow a wider range of applications to be served. The difference between what is known as the PWM cycle frequency and the PWM modulation frequency should be understood. As the PWM clock is the system clock, fSYS, and as the PWM value is 8-bits wide, the overall PWM cycle frequency is fSYS/256. However, when in the 7+1 mode of operation the PWM modulation frequency will be fSYS/128, while the PWM modulation frequency for the 6+2 mode of operation will be fSYS/64. The HT48R0662 and HT48R067 each contain an 8-bit PWM function. Useful for such applications such as motor speed control, the PWM function provides outputs with a fixed frequency but with a duty cycle that can be varied by setting particular values into the corresponding PWM register. P W M 0 R e g is te r P M W 0 8 - b it C o m p a r a to r 0 P W M 1 R e g is te r 8 - b it C o m p a r a to r 1 P M W 1 PWM Modulation PWM Cycle PWM Cycle Frequency Duty fSYS/64 for (6+2) bits mode fSYS/128for (7+1) bits mode fSYS/256 [PWM]/256 P W M 2 R e g is te r 6+2 PWM Mode 8 - b it C o m p a r a to r 2 P M W 2 Each full PWM cycle, as it is controlled by an 8-bit PWM register, has 256 clock periods. However, in the 6+2 PWM mode, each PWM cycle is subdivided into four individual sub-cycles known as modulation cycle 0 ~ modulation cycle 3, denoted as i in the table. Each one of these four sub-cycles contains 64 clock cycles. In this mode, a modulation frequency increase of four is achieved. The 8-bit PWM register value, which represents the overall duty cycle of the PWM waveform, is divided into two groups. The first group which consists of bit2~bit7 is denoted here as the DC value. The second group which consists of bit0~bit1 is known as the AC value. In the 6+2 PWM mode, the duty cycle value of each of the four modulation sub-cycles is shown in the following table. 8 - b it/( 7 + 1 ) /( 6 + 2 ) P W M C o u n te r PWM Block Diagram Device Channels Mode HT48R0662 HT48R067 2 3 6+2 7+1 Pins Registers PA4 PC3 PWM0 PWM1 PA4 PC3 PC2 PWM0 PWM1 PWM2 Parameter AC (0~3) DC (Duty Cycle) i<AC DC+1 64 i³AC DC 64 PWM Operation A single register, known as PWMn and located in the Data Memory is assigned to each Pulse Width Modulator channel. It is here that the 8-bit value, which represents the overall duty cycle of one modulation cycle of the output waveform, should be placed. To increase the PWM modulation frequency, each modulation cycle is subdivided into two or four individual modulation subsections, known as the 7+1 mode or 6+2 mode respectively. The required mode and the on/off control for each PWM channel is selected using the CTRL0 and CTRL2 registers. Note that when using the PWM, it is only necessary to write the required value into the PWMn register and select the required mode setup and on/off Rev. 1.10 Modulation cycle i (i=0~3) 6+2 Mode Modulation Cycle Values The following diagram illustrates the waveforms associated with the 6+2 mode of PWM operation. It is important to note how the single PWM cycle is subdivided into 4 individual modulation cycles, numbered from 0~3 and how the AC value is related to the PWM value. 49 June 9, 2009 HT48R063/064/065/066/0662/067 fS Y S /2 [P W M ] = 1 0 0 P W M 2 5 /6 4 2 5 /6 4 2 5 /6 4 2 5 /6 4 2 5 /6 4 2 6 /6 4 2 5 /6 4 2 5 /6 4 2 5 /6 4 2 6 /6 4 2 6 /6 4 2 6 /6 4 2 5 /6 4 2 5 /6 4 2 6 /6 4 2 6 /6 4 2 6 /6 4 2 5 /6 4 2 6 /6 4 [P W M ] = 1 0 1 P W M [P W M ] = 1 0 2 P W M [P W M ] = 1 0 3 P W M 2 6 /6 4 P W M m o d u la tio n p e r io d : 6 4 /fS M o d u la tio n c y c le 0 Y S M o d u la tio n c y c le 1 P W M M o d u la tio n c y c le 2 c y c le : 2 5 6 /fS M o d u la tio n c y c le 3 M o d u la tio n c y c le 0 Y S 6+2 PWM Mode b 7 b 0 P W M R e g is te r A C v a lu e D C v a lu e (6 + 2 ) M o d e PWM Register for 6+2 Mode 7+1 PWM Mode PWM Output Control Each full PWM cycle, as it is controlled by an 8-bit PWM register, has 256 clock periods. However, in the 7+1 PWM mode, each PWM cycle is subdivided into two individual sub-cycles known as modulation cycle 0 ~ modulation cycle 1, denoted as i in the table. Each one of these two sub-cycles contains 128 clock cycles. In this mode, a modulation frequency increase of two is achieved. The 8-bit PWM register value, which represents the overall duty cycle of the PWM waveform, is divided into two groups. The first group which consists of bit1~bit7 is denoted here as the DC value. The second group which consists of bit0 is known as the AC value. In the 7+1 PWM mode, the duty cycle value of each of the two modulation sub-cycles is shown in the following table. The PWM outputs are pin-shared with the I/O pins PA4, PC2 and PC3. To operate as a PWM output and not as an I/O pin, the correct bits must be set in the CTRL0 and CTRL2 register. A zero value must also be written to the corresponding bit in the I/O port control register PAC.4, PCC.2 and PCC.3 to ensure that the corresponding PWM output pin is setup as an output. After these two initial steps have been carried out, and of course after the required PWM value has been written into the PWMn register, writing a high value to the corresponding bit in the output data register PA.4, PC.2 and PC.3 will enable the PWM data to appear on the pin. Writing a zero value will disable the PWM output function and force the output low. In this way, the Port data output registers can be used as an on/off control for the PWM function. Note that if the CTRL0 and CTRL2 registers have selected the PWM function, but a high value has been written to its corresponding bit in the PAC or PCC control register to configure the pin as an input, then the pin can still function as a normal input line, with pull-high resistor options. Parameter AC (0~1) DC (Duty Cycle) i<AC DC+1 128 i³AC DC 128 Modulation cycle i (i=0~1) 7+1 Mode Modulation Cycle Values The following diagram illustrates the waveforms associated with the 7+1 mode PWM operation. It is important to note how the single PWM cycle is subdivided into 2 individual modulation cycles, numbered 0 and 1 and how the AC value is related to the PWM value. Rev. 1.10 50 June 9, 2009 HT48R063/064/065/066/0662/067 fS Y S /2 [P W M ] = 1 0 0 P W M 5 0 /1 2 8 5 0 /1 2 8 5 0 /1 2 8 5 1 /1 2 8 5 0 /1 2 8 5 1 /1 2 8 5 1 /1 2 8 5 1 /1 2 8 5 1 /1 2 8 5 1 /1 2 8 5 2 /1 2 8 [P W M ] = 1 0 1 P W M [P W M ] = 1 0 2 P W M [P W M ] = 1 0 3 P W M 5 2 /1 2 8 P W M m o d u la tio n p e r io d : 1 2 8 /fS Y S M o d u la tio n c y c le 0 M o d u la tio n c y c le 1 P W M c y c le : 2 5 6 /fS M o d u la tio n c y c le 0 Y S 7+1 PWM Mode b 7 b 0 P W M R e g is te r A C v a lu e D C v a lu e (7 + 1 ) M o d e PWM Register for 7+1 Mode · PWM Programming Example The mov mov set set clr set :: clr following sample program shows how the PWM0 output is setup and controlled. a,64h ; setup PWM value of decimal 100 pwm0,a ctrl0.5 ; select the 7+1 PWM mode ctrl0.3 ; select pin PA4 to have a PWM function pac.4 ; setup pin PA4 as an output pa.4 ; enable the PWM output pa.4 Rev. 1.10 ; disable the PWM output _ pin ; PA4 forced low 51 June 9, 2009 HT48R063/064/065/066/0662/067 Interrupts Interrupts are an important part of any microcontroller system. When an external event or an internal function such as a Timer/Event Counter or Time Base requires microcontroller attention, their corresponding interrupt will enforce a temporary suspension of the main program allowing the microcontroller to direct attention to their respective needs. Counter will then be loaded with a new address which will be the value of the corresponding interrupt vector. The microcontroller will then fetch its next instruction from this interrupt vector. The instruction at this vector will usually be a JMP statement which will jump to another section of program which is known as the interrupt service routine. Here is located the code to control the appropriate interrupt. The interrupt service routine must be terminated with a RETI instruction, which retrieves the original Program Counter address from the stack and allows the microcontroller to continue with normal execution at the point where the interrupt occurred. The devices contain a single external interrupt and multiple internal interrupts. The external interrupt is controlled by the action of the external interrupt pin, while the internal interrupt is controlled by the Timer/Event Counters and Time Base overflows. The various interrupt enable bits, together with their associated request flags, are shown in the following diagram with their order of priority. Interrupt Register Overall interrupt control, which means interrupt enabling and request flag setting, is controlled by using two registers, INTC0 and INTC1. By controlling the appropriate enable bits in this registers each individual interrupt can be enabled or disabled. Also when an interrupt occurs, the corresponding request flag will be set by the microcontroller. The global enable flag if cleared to zero will disable all interrupts. Once an interrupt subroutine is serviced, all the other interrupts will be blocked, as the EMI bit will be cleared automatically. This will prevent any further interrupt nesting from occurring. However, if other interrupt requests occur during this interval, although the interrupt will not be immediately serviced, the request flag will still be recorded. If an interrupt requires immediate servicing while the program is already in another interrupt service routine, the EMI bit should be set after entering the routine, to allow interrupt nesting. If the stack is full, the interrupt request will not be acknowledged, even if the related interrupt is enabled, until the Stack Pointer is decremented. If immediate service is desired, the stack must be prevented from becoming full. Interrupt Operation A Timer/Event Counter overflow, a Time Base event or an active edge on the external interrupt pin will all generate an interrupt request by setting their corresponding request flag, if their appropriate interrupt enable bit is set. When this happens, the Program Counter, which stores the address of the next instruction to be executed, will be transferred onto the stack. The Program A u to m a tic a lly D is a b le d w h e n in te r r u p t e v e n t is s e r v ic e d E n a b le d m a n u a lly o r a u to m a tic a lly w ith R E T I in s tr u c tio n A u to m a tic a lly C le a r e d b y IS R M a n u a lly S e t o r C le a r e d b y S o ftw a r e E x te rn a l In te rru p t R e q u e s t F la g IN T F IN T E E M I T im e r /E v e n t C o u n te r 0 In te r r u p t R e q u e s t F la g T 0 F T 0 E E M I T im e r /E v e n t C o u n te r 1 In te r r u p t R e q u e s t F la g T 1 F T 1 E E M I T im e r /E v e n t C o u n te r 2 In te r r u p t R e q u e s t F la g T 2 F T 2 E E M I T im e B a s e In te r r u p t R e q u e s t F la g T B F T B E E M I P r io r ity H ig h In te rru p t P o llin g L o w Interrupt Scheme Rev. 1.10 52 June 9, 2009 HT48R063/064/065/066/0662/067 When an interrupt request is generated it takes 2 or 3 instruction cycle before the program jumps to the interrupt vector. If the device is in the Sleep or Idle Mode and is woken up by an interrupt request then it will take 3 cycles before the program jumps to the interrupt vector. HT48R066 Interrupt Source Main Program Interrupt Request or Interrupt Flag Set by Instruction Priority Vector External Interrupt 1 04H Timer/Event Counter 0 Overflow 2 08H Timer/Event Counter 1 Overflow 3 0CH Time Base Overflow 4 10H HT48R0662 N Enable Bit Set ? Interrupt Source Y Main Program Automatically Disable Interrupt Clear EMI & Request Flag Wait for 2 ~ 3 Instruction Cycles Priority Vector External Interrupt 1 04H Timer/Event Counter 0 Overflow 2 08H Timer/Event Counter 1 Overflow 3 0CH ¾ ¾ 10H Time Base Overflow 4 14H ISR Entry HT48R067 Interrupt Source RETI (it will set EMI automatically) Priority Vector External Interrupt 1 04H Timer/Event Counter 0 Overflow 2 08H Timer/Event Counter 1 Overflow 3 0CH Interrupt Priority Timer/Event Counter 2 Overflow 4 10H Interrupts, occurring in the interval between the rising edges of two consecutive T2 pulses, will be serviced on the latter of the two T2 pulses, if the corresponding interrupts are enabled. In case of simultaneous requests, the following table shows the priority that is applied. These can be masked by resetting the EMI bit. ¾ ¾ 14H Time Base Overflow 5 18H Interrupt Flow In cases where both external and internal interrupts are enabled and where an external and internal interrupt occurs simultaneously, the external interrupt will always have priority and will therefore be serviced first. Suitable masking of the individual interrupts using the interrupt registers can prevent simultaneous occurrences. HT48R063/064/065 Interrupt Source Priority Vector External Interrupt 1 04H Timer/Event Counter 0 Overflow 2 08H Time Base Overflow 3 0CH Rev. 1.10 53 June 9, 2009 HT48R063/064/065/066/0662/067 External Interrupt The external interrupt pin is pin-shared with the I/O pin PA3 and can only be configured as an external interrupt pin if the corresponding external interrupt enable bit in the INTC0 register has been set and the edge trigger type has been selected using the CTRL1 register. The pin must also be setup as an input by setting the corresponding PAC.3 bit in the port control register. When the interrupt is enabled, the stack is not full and a transition appears on the external interrupt pin, a subroutine call to the external interrupt vector at location 04H, will take place. When the interrupt is serviced, the external interrupt request flag, INTF, will be automatically reset and the EMI bit will be automatically cleared to disable other interrupts. Note that any pull-high resistor connections on this pin will remain valid even if the pin is used as an external interrupt input. For an external interrupt to occur, the global interrupt enable bit, EMI, and external interrupt enable bit, INTE, must first be set. An actual external interrupt will take place when the external interrupt request flag, INTF, is set, a situation that will occur when an edge transition appears on the external INT line. The type of transition that will trigger an external interrupt, whether high to low, low to high or both is determined by the INTEG0 and INTEG1 bits, which are bits 6 and 7 respectively, in the CTRL1 control register. These two bits can also disable the external interrupt function. INTEG1 INTEG0 0 0 External interrupt disable Edge Trigger Type 0 1 Rising edge Trigger 1 0 Falling edge Trigger 1 1 Both edge Trigger · HT48R063/HT48R064/HT48R065 ¨ INTC0 Register Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Name ¾ TBF T0F INTF TBE T0E INTE EMI R/W ¾ R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W POR ¾ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Bit 7 unimplemented, read as ²0² Bit 6 TBF: Timer Base event interrupt request flag 0: inactive 1: active Bit 5 T0F: Timer/Event Counter 0 interrupt request flag 0: inactive 1: active Bit 4 INTF: External interrupt request flag 0: inactive 1: active Bit 3 TBE: Time base event interrupt enable 0: disable 1: enable Bit 2 T0E: Timer/Event Counter 0 interrupt enable 0: disable 1: enable Bit 1 INTE: external interrupt enable 0: disable 1: enable Bit 0 EMI: Master interrupt global enable 0: disable 1: enable Rev. 1.10 54 June 9, 2009 HT48R063/064/065/066/0662/067 · HT48R066 ¨ INTC0 Register Bit 7 6 5 4 2 1 0 Name ¾ T1F T0F INTF T1E T0E INTE EMI R/W ¾ R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W POR ¾ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 3 2 1 0 Bit 7 unimplemented, read as ²0² Bit 6 T1F: Timer/Event Counter 1 interrupt request flag 0: inactive 1: active Bit 5 T0F: Timer/Event Counter 0 interrupt request flag 0: inactive 1: active Bit 4 INTF: External interrupt request flag 0: inactive 1: active Bit 3 T1E: Timer/Event Counter 1 interrupt enable 0: disable 1: enable Bit 2 T0E: Timer/Event Counter 0 interrupt enable 0: disable 1: enable Bit 1 INTE: external interrupt enable 0: disable 1: enable Bit 0 EMI: Master interrupt global enable 0: disable 1: enable ¨ 3 INTC1 Register Bit 7 6 5 Name ¾ ¾ ¾ TBF ¾ ¾ ¾ TBE R/W ¾ ¾ ¾ R/W ¾ ¾ ¾ R/W POR ¾ ¾ ¾ 0 ¾ ¾ ¾ 0 Bit 7~5,3~1 unimplemented, read as ²0² Bit 4 TBF: Time Base event interrupt request flag 0: inactive 1: active Bit 0 TBE: Time base event interrupt enable 0: disable 1: enable Rev. 1.10 55 June 9, 2009 HT48R063/064/065/066/0662/067 · HT48R0662 ¨ INTC0 Register Bit 7 6 5 4 2 1 0 Name ¾ T1F T0F INTF T1E T0E INTE EMI R/W ¾ R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W POR ¾ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 ¾ Bit 7 unimplemented, read as ²0² Bit 6 T1F: Timer/Event Counter 1 interrupt request flag 0: inactive 1: active Bit 5 T0F: Timer/Event Counter 0 interrupt request flag 0: inactive 1: active Bit 4 INTF: External interrupt request flag 0: inactive 1: active Bit 3 T1E: Timer/Event Counter 1 interrupt enable 0: disable 1: enable Bit 2 T0E: Timer/Event Counter 0 interrupt enable 0: disable 1: enable Bit 1 INTE: external interrupt enable 0: disable 1: enable Bit 0 EMI: Master interrupt global enable 0: disable 1: enable ¨ 3 INTC1 Register Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 Name ¾ R/W ¾ TBF ¾ ¾ ¾ TBE ¾ ¾ R/W ¾ ¾ ¾ R/W POR ¾ ¾ ¾ 0 ¾ ¾ ¾ 0 ¾ Bit 7~6,4~3,0 unimplemented, read as ²0² Bit 5 TBF: Time Base event interrupt request flag 0: inactive 1: active Bit 1 TBE: Time base event interrupt enable 0: disable 1: enable Rev. 1.10 56 June 9, 2009 HT48R063/064/065/066/0662/067 · HT48R067 ¨ INTC0 Register Bit 7 6 5 4 2 1 0 Name ¾ T1F T0F INTF T1E T0E INTE EMI R/W ¾ R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W POR ¾ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 2 1 0 Bit 7 unimplemented, read as ²0² Bit 6 T1F: Timer/Event Counter 1 interrupt request flag 0: inactive 1: active Bit 5 T0F: Timer/Event Counter 0 interrupt request flag 0: inactive 1: active Bit 4 INTF: External interrupt request flag 0: inactive 1: active Bit 3 T1E: Timer/Event Counter 1 interrupt enable 0: disable 1: enable Bit 2 T0E: Timer/Event Counter 0 interrupt enable 0: disable 1: enable Bit 1 INTE: external interrupt enable 0: disable 1: enable Bit 0 EMI: Master interrupt global enable 0: disable 1: enable ¨ 3 INTC1 Register Bit 7 6 5 4 Name ¾ TBF ¾ T2F ¾ TBE ¾ T2E R/W ¾ R/W ¾ R/W ¾ R/W ¾ R/W POR ¾ 0 ¾ 0 ¾ 0 ¾ 0 Bit 7,5,3,1 unimplemented, read as ²0² Bit 6 TBF: Time Base event interrupt request flag 0: inactive 1: active Bit 4 T2F: Timer/Event Counter 2 interrupt request flag 0: inactive 1: active Bit 2 TBE: Time base event interrupt enable 0: disable 1: enable Bit 0 T2E: Timer/Event Counter 2 interrupt enable 0: disable 1: enable Rev. 1.10 57 June 9, 2009 HT48R063/064/065/066/0662/067 Timer/Event Counter Interrupt SCOM Function for LCD For a Timer/Event Counter interrupt to occur, the global interrupt enable bit, EMI, and the corresponding timer interrupt enable bit, TnE, must first be set. An actual Timer/Event Counter interrupt will take place when the Timer/Event Counter request flag, TnF, is set, a situation that will occur when the relevant Timer/Event Counter overflows. When the interrupt is enabled, the stack is not full and a Timer/Event Counter n overflow occurs, a subroutine call to the relevant timer interrupt vector, will take place. When the interrupt is serviced, the timer interrupt request flag, TnF, will be automatically reset and the EMI bit will be automatically cleared to disable other interrupts. The devices have the capability of driving external LCD panels. The common pins for LCD driving, SCOM0~ SCOM3, are pin shared with certain pin on the PB0~ PB3 port. The LCD signals (COM and SEG) are generated using the application program. LCD Operation An external LCD panel can be driven using this device by configuring the PB0~PB3 pins as common pins and using other output ports lines as segment pins. The LCD driver function is controlled using the SCOMC register which in addition to controlling the overall on/off function also controls the bias voltage setup function. This enables the LCD COM driver to generate the necessary VDD/2 voltage levels for LCD 1/2 bias operation. Time Base Interrupt For a time base interrupt to occur the global interrupt enable bit EMI and the corresponding interrupt enable bit TBE, must first be set. An actual Time Base interrupt will take place when the time base request flag TBF is set, a situation that will occur when the Time Base overflows. When the interrupt is enabled, the stack is not full and a time base overflow occurs a subroutine call to time base vector will take place. When the interrupt is serviced, the time base interrupt flag. TBF will be automatically reset and the EMI bit will be automatically cleared to disable other interrupts. The SCOMEN bit in the SCOMC register is the overall master control for the LCD Driver, however this bit is used in conjunction with the COMnEN bits to select which Port B pins are used for LCD driving. Note that the Port Control register does not need to first setup the pins as outputs to enable the LCD driver operation. V D D S C O M V D D o p e r a tin g c u r r e n t /2 S C O M 0 ~ S C O M 3 Programming Considerations C O M n E N S C O M E N By disabling the interrupt enable bits, a requested interrupt can be prevented from being serviced, however, once an interrupt request flag is set, it will remain in this condition in the interrupt register until the corresponding interrupt is serviced or until the request flag is cleared by a software instruction. SCOM Circuit It is recommended that programs do not use the ²CALL subroutine² instruction within the interrupt subroutine. Interrupts often occur in an unpredictable manner or need to be serviced immediately in some applications. If only one stack is left and the interrupt is not well controlled, the original control sequence will be damaged once a ²CALL subroutine² is executed in the interrupt subroutine. SCOMEN COMnEN Pin Function O/P Level 0 X I/O 0 or 1 1 0 I/O 0 or 1 1 1 SCOMN VDD/2 Output Control All of these interrupts have the capability of waking up the processor when in the Idle/Sleep Mode. Only the Program Counter is pushed onto the stack. If the contents of the register or status register are altered by the interrupt service program, which may corrupt the desired control sequence, then the contents should be saved in advance. Rev. 1.10 58 June 9, 2009 HT48R063/064/065/066/0662/067 LCD Bias Control The LCD COM driver enables a range of selections to be provided to suit the requirement of the LCD panel which is being used. The bias resistor choice is implemented using the ISEL1 and ISEL0 bits in the SCOMC register. · SCOMC Register Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Name ¾ ISEL1 ISEL0 SCOMEN COM3EN COM2EN COM1EN COM0EN R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W POR 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Bit 7 Reserved bit 1: Unpredictable operation - bit must NOT be set high 0: Correct level - bit must be reset to zero for correct operation Bit 6,5 ISEL1, ISEL0: SCOM operating current selection (VDD=5V) 00: 25mA 01: 50mA 10: 100mA 11: 200mA Bit 4 SCOMEN: SCOM module On/Off control 0: disable 1: enable SCOMn can be enable by COMnEN if SCOMEN=1 Bit 3 COM3EN: PB3 or SCOM3 selection 0: GPIO 1: SCOM3 Bit 2 COM2EN: PB2 or SCOM2 selection 0: GPIO 1: SCOM2 Bit 1 COM1EN: PB1 or SCOM1 selection 0: GPIO 1: SCOM1 Bit 0 COM0EN: PB0 or SCOM0 selection 0: GPIO 1: SCOM0 Rev. 1.10 59 June 9, 2009 HT48R063/064/065/066/0662/067 Configuration Options Configuration options refer to certain options within the MCU that are programmed into the OTP Program Memory device during the programming process. During the development process, these options are selected using the HT-IDE software development tools. As these options are programmed into the device using the hardware programming tools, once they are selected they cannot be changed later by the application software. All options must be defined for proper system function, the details of which are shown in the table. No. Options 1 Watchdog Timer: enable or disable 2 Watchdog Timer clock source: LXT, LIRC or fSYS/4 Note: LXT oscillator must be selected by OSC configuration option if WDT clock source is from LXT. 3 CLRWDT instructions: 1 or 2 instructions 4 (1)For HT48R063/HT48R064/HT48R065/HT48R066 System oscillator configuration: HXT, HIRC, ERC, HIRC + LXT (2)For HT48R0662/HT48R067 System oscillator configuration: HXT, HIRC, ERC, HXT + LXT, HIRC + LXT, ERC + LXT 5 LVR function: enable or disable 6 LVR voltage: 2.1V, 3.15V or 4.2V 7 RES or PA7 pin function 8 SST: 1024 or 2 clocks (determine tSST for HIRC/ERC) 9 Internal RC: 4MHz, 8MHz or 12MHz Application Circuits V D D 0 .0 1 m F 0 .1 m F V D D R e s e t C ir c u it 1 0 k W ~ 1 0 0 k W 1 N 4 1 4 8 0 .1 ~ 1 m F P A 0 /P F D P A 1 /P F D R E S /P A 7 3 0 0 W P A 2 /T M R 0 P A 3 /IN T V S S P A 4 P B 0 ~ P B 7 O S C 1 O S C C ir c u it O S C 2 S e e O s c illa to r S e c tio n P C 0 ~ P C 7 P D 0 ~ P D 7 P E 0 ~ P E 1 P F 0 ~ P F 1 X T 1 O S C C ir c u it X T 2 S e e O s c illa to r S e c tio n Rev. 1.10 60 June 9, 2009 HT48R063/064/065/066/0662/067 Instruction Set subtract instruction mnemonics to enable the necessary arithmetic to be carried out. Care must be taken to ensure correct handling of carry and borrow data when results exceed 255 for addition and less than 0 for subtraction. The increment and decrement instructions INC, INCA, DEC and DECA provide a simple means of increasing or decreasing by a value of one of the values in the destination specified. Introduction C e n t ra l t o t he s uc c es s f ul oper a t i on o f a n y microcontroller is its instruction set, which is a set of program instruction codes that directs the microcontroller to perform certain operations. In the case of Holtek microcontrollers, a comprehensive and flexible set of over 60 instructions is provided to enable programmers to implement their application with the minimum of programming overheads. Logical and Rotate Operations For easier understanding of the various instruction codes, they have been subdivided into several functional groupings. The standard logical operations such as AND, OR, XOR and CPL all have their own instruction within the Holtek microcontroller instruction set. As with the case of most instructions involving data manipulation, data must pass through the Accumulator which may involve additional programming steps. In all logical data operations, the zero flag may be set if the result of the operation is zero. Another form of logical data manipulation comes from the rotate instructions such as RR, RL, RRC and RLC which provide a simple means of rotating one bit right or left. Different rotate instructions exist depending on program requirements. Rotate instructions are useful for serial port programming applications where data can be rotated from an internal register into the Carry bit from where it can be examined and the necessary serial bit set high or low. Another application where rotate data operations are used is to implement multiplication and division calculations. Instruction Timing Most instructions are implemented within one instruction cycle. The exceptions to this are branch, call, or table read instructions where two instruction cycles are required. One instruction cycle is equal to 4 system clock cycles, therefore in the case of an 8MHz system oscillator, most instructions would be implemented within 0.5ms and branch or call instructions would be implemented within 1ms. Although instructions which require one more cycle to implement are generally limited to the JMP, CALL, RET, RETI and table read instructions, it is important to realize that any other instructions which involve manipulation of the Program Counter Low register or PCL will also take one more cycle to implement. As instructions which change the contents of the PCL will imply a direct jump to that new address, one more cycle will be required. Examples of such instructions would be ²CLR PCL² or ²MOV PCL, A². For the case of skip instructions, it must be noted that if the result of the comparison involves a skip operation then this will also take one more cycle, if no skip is involved then only one cycle is required. Branches and Control Transfer Program branching takes the form of either jumps to specified locations using the JMP instruction or to a subroutine using the CALL instruction. They differ in the sense that in the case of a subroutine call, the program must return to the instruction immediately when the subroutine has been carried out. This is done by placing a return instruction RET in the subroutine which will cause the program to jump back to the address right after the CALL instruction. In the case of a JMP instruction, the program simply jumps to the desired location. There is no requirement to jump back to the original jumping off point as in the case of the CALL instruction. One special and extremely useful set of branch instructions are the conditional branches. Here a decision is first made regarding the condition of a certain data memory or individual bits. Depending upon the conditions, the program will continue with the next instruction or skip over it and jump to the following instruction. These instructions are the key to decision making and branching within the program perhaps determined by the condition of certain input switches or by the condition of internal data bits. Moving and Transferring Data The transfer of data within the microcontroller program is one of the most frequently used operations. Making use of three kinds of MOV instructions, data can be transferred from registers to the Accumulator and vice-versa as well as being able to move specific immediate data directly into the Accumulator. One of the most important data transfer applications is to receive data from the input ports and transfer data to the output ports. Arithmetic Operations The ability to perform certain arithmetic operations and data manipulation is a necessary feature of most microcontroller applications. Within the Holtek microcontroller instruction set are a range of add and Rev. 1.10 61 June 9, 2009 HT48R063/064/065/066/0662/067 Bit Operations Other Operations The ability to provide single bit operations on Data Memory is an extremely flexible feature of all Holtek microcontrollers. This feature is especially useful for output port bit programming where individual bits or port pins can be directly set high or low using either the ²SET [m].i² or ²CLR [m].i² instructions respectively. The feature removes the need for programmers to first read the 8-bit output port, manipulate the input data to ensure that other bits are not changed and then output the port with the correct new data. This read-modify-write process is taken care of automatically when these bit operation instructions are used. In addition to the above functional instructions, a range of other instructions also exist such as the ²HALT² instruction for Power-down operations and instructions to control the operation of the Watchdog Timer for reliable program operations under extreme electric or electromagnetic environments. For their relevant operations, refer to the functional related sections. Instruction Set Summary The following table depicts a summary of the instruction set categorised according to function and can be consulted as a basic instruction reference using the following listed conventions. Table Read Operations Table conventions: Data storage is normally implemented by using registers. However, when working with large amounts of fixed data, the volume involved often makes it inconvenient to store the fixed data in the Data Memory. To overcome this problem, Holtek microcontrollers allow an area of Program Memory to be setup as a table where data can be directly stored. A set of easy to use instructions provides the means by which this fixed data can be referenced and retrieved from the Program Memory. Mnemonic x: Bits immediate data m: Data Memory address A: Accumulator i: 0~7 number of bits addr: Program memory address Description Cycles Flag Affected 1 1Note 1 1 1Note 1 1 1Note 1 1Note 1Note Z, C, AC, OV Z, C, AC, OV Z, C, AC, OV Z, C, AC, OV Z, C, AC, OV Z, C, AC, OV Z, C, AC, OV Z, C, AC, OV Z, C, AC, OV Z, C, AC, OV C 1 1 1 1Note 1Note 1Note 1 1 1 1Note 1 Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z 1 1Note 1 1Note Z Z Z Z Arithmetic ADD A,[m] ADDM A,[m] ADD A,x ADC A,[m] ADCM A,[m] SUB A,x SUB A,[m] SUBM A,[m] SBC A,[m] SBCM A,[m] DAA [m] Add Data Memory to ACC Add ACC to Data Memory Add immediate data to ACC Add Data Memory to ACC with Carry Add ACC to Data memory with Carry Subtract immediate data from the ACC Subtract Data Memory from ACC Subtract Data Memory from ACC with result in Data Memory Subtract Data Memory from ACC with Carry Subtract Data Memory from ACC with Carry, result in Data Memory Decimal adjust ACC for Addition with result in Data Memory Logic Operation AND A,[m] OR A,[m] XOR A,[m] ANDM A,[m] ORM A,[m] XORM A,[m] AND A,x OR A,x XOR A,x CPL [m] CPLA [m] Logical AND Data Memory to ACC Logical OR Data Memory to ACC Logical XOR Data Memory to ACC Logical AND ACC to Data Memory Logical OR ACC to Data Memory Logical XOR ACC to Data Memory Logical AND immediate Data to ACC Logical OR immediate Data to ACC Logical XOR immediate Data to ACC Complement Data Memory Complement Data Memory with result in ACC Increment & Decrement INCA [m] INC [m] DECA [m] DEC [m] Rev. 1.10 Increment Data Memory with result in ACC Increment Data Memory Decrement Data Memory with result in ACC Decrement Data Memory 62 June 9, 2009 HT48R063/064/065/066/0662/067 Mnemonic Description Cycles Flag Affected Rotate Data Memory right with result in ACC Rotate Data Memory right Rotate Data Memory right through Carry with result in ACC Rotate Data Memory right through Carry Rotate Data Memory left with result in ACC Rotate Data Memory left Rotate Data Memory left through Carry with result in ACC Rotate Data Memory left through Carry 1 1Note 1 1Note 1 1Note 1 1Note None None C C None None C C Move Data Memory to ACC Move ACC to Data Memory Move immediate data to ACC 1 1Note 1 None None None Clear bit of Data Memory Set bit of Data Memory 1Note 1Note None None Jump unconditionally Skip if Data Memory is zero Skip if Data Memory is zero with data movement to ACC Skip if bit i of Data Memory is zero Skip if bit i of Data Memory is not zero Skip if increment Data Memory is zero Skip if decrement Data Memory is zero Skip if increment Data Memory is zero with result in ACC Skip if decrement Data Memory is zero with result in ACC Subroutine call Return from subroutine Return from subroutine and load immediate data to ACC Return from interrupt 2 1Note 1note 1Note 1Note 1Note 1Note 1Note 1Note 2 2 2 2 None None None None None None None None None None None None None Read table (current page) to TBLH and Data Memory Read table (last page) to TBLH and Data Memory 2Note 2Note None None No operation Clear Data Memory Set Data Memory Clear Watchdog Timer Pre-clear Watchdog Timer Pre-clear Watchdog Timer Swap nibbles of Data Memory Swap nibbles of Data Memory with result in ACC Enter Idle/Sleep Mode 1 1Note 1Note 1 1 1 1Note 1 1 None None None TO, PDF TO, PDF TO, PDF None None TO, PDF Rotate RRA [m] RR [m] RRCA [m] RRC [m] RLA [m] RL [m] RLCA [m] RLC [m] Data Move MOV A,[m] MOV [m],A MOV A,x Bit Operation CLR [m].i SET [m].i Branch JMP addr SZ [m] SZA [m] SZ [m].i SNZ [m].i SIZ [m] SDZ [m] SIZA [m] SDZA [m] CALL addr RET RET A,x RETI Table Read TABRDC [m] TABRDL [m] Miscellaneous NOP CLR [m] SET [m] CLR WDT CLR WDT1 CLR WDT2 SWAP [m] SWAPA [m] HALT Note: 1. For skip instructions, if the result of the comparison involves a skip then two cycles are required, if no skip takes place only one cycle is required. 2. Any instruction which changes the contents of the PCL will also require 2 cycles for execution. 3. For the ²CLR WDT1² and ²CLR WDT2² instructions the TO and PDF flags may be affected by the execution status. The TO and PDF flags are cleared after both ²CLR WDT1² and ²CLR WDT2² instructions are consecutively executed. Otherwise the TO and PDF flags remain unchanged. Rev. 1.10 63 June 9, 2009 HT48R063/064/065/066/0662/067 Instruction Definition ADC A,[m] Add Data Memory to ACC with Carry Description The contents of the specified Data Memory, Accumulator and the carry flag are added. The result is stored in the Accumulator. Operation ACC ¬ ACC + [m] + C Affected flag(s) OV, Z, AC, C ADCM A,[m] Add ACC to Data Memory with Carry Description The contents of the specified Data Memory, Accumulator and the carry flag are added. The result is stored in the specified Data Memory. Operation [m] ¬ ACC + [m] + C Affected flag(s) OV, Z, AC, C ADD A,[m] Add Data Memory to ACC Description The contents of the specified Data Memory and the Accumulator are added. The result is stored in the Accumulator. Operation ACC ¬ ACC + [m] Affected flag(s) OV, Z, AC, C ADD A,x Add immediate data to ACC Description The contents of the Accumulator and the specified immediate data are added. The result is stored in the Accumulator. Operation ACC ¬ ACC + x Affected flag(s) OV, Z, AC, C ADDM A,[m] Add ACC to Data Memory Description The contents of the specified Data Memory and the Accumulator are added. The result is stored in the specified Data Memory. Operation [m] ¬ ACC + [m] Affected flag(s) OV, Z, AC, C AND A,[m] Logical AND Data Memory to ACC Description Data in the Accumulator and the specified Data Memory perform a bitwise logical AND operation. The result is stored in the Accumulator. Operation ACC ¬ ACC ²AND² [m] Affected flag(s) Z AND A,x Logical AND immediate data to ACC Description Data in the Accumulator and the specified immediate data perform a bitwise logical AND operation. The result is stored in the Accumulator. Operation ACC ¬ ACC ²AND² x Affected flag(s) Z ANDM A,[m] Logical AND ACC to Data Memory Description Data in the specified Data Memory and the Accumulator perform a bitwise logical AND operation. The result is stored in the Data Memory. Operation [m] ¬ ACC ²AND² [m] Affected flag(s) Z Rev. 1.10 64 June 9, 2009 HT48R063/064/065/066/0662/067 CALL addr Subroutine call Description Unconditionally calls a subroutine at the specified address. The Program Counter then increments by 1 to obtain the address of the next instruction which is then pushed onto the stack. The specified address is then loaded and the program continues execution from this new address. As this instruction requires an additional operation, it is a two cycle instruction. Operation Stack ¬ Program Counter + 1 Program Counter ¬ addr Affected flag(s) None CLR [m] Clear Data Memory Description Each bit of the specified Data Memory is cleared to 0. Operation [m] ¬ 00H Affected flag(s) None CLR [m].i Clear bit of Data Memory Description Bit i of the specified Data Memory is cleared to 0. Operation [m].i ¬ 0 Affected flag(s) None CLR WDT Clear Watchdog Timer Description The TO, PDF flags and the WDT are all cleared. Operation WDT cleared TO ¬ 0 PDF ¬ 0 Affected flag(s) TO, PDF CLR WDT1 Pre-clear Watchdog Timer Description The TO, PDF flags and the WDT are all cleared. Note that this instruction works in conjunction with CLR WDT2 and must be executed alternately with CLR WDT2 to have effect. Repetitively executing this instruction without alternately executing CLR WDT2 will have no effect. Operation WDT cleared TO ¬ 0 PDF ¬ 0 Affected flag(s) TO, PDF CLR WDT2 Pre-clear Watchdog Timer Description The TO, PDF flags and the WDT are all cleared. Note that this instruction works in conjunction with CLR WDT1 and must be executed alternately with CLR WDT1 to have effect. Repetitively executing this instruction without alternately executing CLR WDT1 will have no effect. Operation WDT cleared TO ¬ 0 PDF ¬ 0 Affected flag(s) TO, PDF Rev. 1.10 65 June 9, 2009 HT48R063/064/065/066/0662/067 CPL [m] Complement Data Memory Description Each bit of the specified Data Memory is logically complemented (1¢s complement). Bits which previously contained a 1 are changed to 0 and vice versa. Operation [m] ¬ [m] Affected flag(s) Z CPLA [m] Complement Data Memory with result in ACC Description Each bit of the specified Data Memory is logically complemented (1¢s complement). Bits which previously contained a 1 are changed to 0 and vice versa. The complemented result is stored in the Accumulator and the contents of the Data Memory remain unchanged. Operation ACC ¬ [m] Affected flag(s) Z DAA [m] Decimal-Adjust ACC for addition with result in Data Memory Description Convert the contents of the Accumulator value to a BCD ( Binary Coded Decimal) value resulting from the previous addition of two BCD variables. If the low nibble is greater than 9 or if AC flag is set, then a value of 6 will be added to the low nibble. Otherwise the low nibble remains unchanged. If the high nibble is greater than 9 or if the C flag is set, then a value of 6 will be added to the high nibble. Essentially, the decimal conversion is performed by adding 00H, 06H, 60H or 66H depending on the Accumulator and flag conditions. Only the C flag may be affected by this instruction which indicates that if the original BCD sum is greater than 100, it allows multiple precision decimal addition. Operation [m] ¬ ACC + 00H or [m] ¬ ACC + 06H or [m] ¬ ACC + 60H or [m] ¬ ACC + 66H Affected flag(s) C DEC [m] Decrement Data Memory Description Data in the specified Data Memory is decremented by 1. Operation [m] ¬ [m] - 1 Affected flag(s) Z DECA [m] Decrement Data Memory with result in ACC Description Data in the specified Data Memory is decremented by 1. The result is stored in the Accumulator. The contents of the Data Memory remain unchanged. Operation ACC ¬ [m] - 1 Affected flag(s) Z HALT Enter power down mode Description This instruction stops the program execution and turns off the system clock. The contents of the Data Memory and registers are retained. The WDT and prescaler are cleared. The power down flag PDF is set and the WDT time-out flag TO is cleared. Operation TO ¬ 0 PDF ¬ 1 Affected flag(s) TO, PDF Rev. 1.10 66 June 9, 2009 HT48R063/064/065/066/0662/067 INC [m] Increment Data Memory Description Data in the specified Data Memory is incremented by 1. Operation [m] ¬ [m] + 1 Affected flag(s) Z INCA [m] Increment Data Memory with result in ACC Description Data in the specified Data Memory is incremented by 1. The result is stored in the Accumulator. The contents of the Data Memory remain unchanged. Operation ACC ¬ [m] + 1 Affected flag(s) Z JMP addr Jump unconditionally Description The contents of the Program Counter are replaced with the specified address. Program execution then continues from this new address. As this requires the insertion of a dummy instruction while the new address is loaded, it is a two cycle instruction. Operation Program Counter ¬ addr Affected flag(s) None MOV A,[m] Move Data Memory to ACC Description The contents of the specified Data Memory are copied to the Accumulator. Operation ACC ¬ [m] Affected flag(s) None MOV A,x Move immediate data to ACC Description The immediate data specified is loaded into the Accumulator. Operation ACC ¬ x Affected flag(s) None MOV [m],A Move ACC to Data Memory Description The contents of the Accumulator are copied to the specified Data Memory. Operation [m] ¬ ACC Affected flag(s) None NOP No operation Description No operation is performed. Execution continues with the next instruction. Operation No operation Affected flag(s) None OR A,[m] Logical OR Data Memory to ACC Description Data in the Accumulator and the specified Data Memory perform a bitwise logical OR operation. The result is stored in the Accumulator. Operation ACC ¬ ACC ²OR² [m] Affected flag(s) Z Rev. 1.10 67 June 9, 2009 HT48R063/064/065/066/0662/067 OR A,x Logical OR immediate data to ACC Description Data in the Accumulator and the specified immediate data perform a bitwise logical OR operation. The result is stored in the Accumulator. Operation ACC ¬ ACC ²OR² x Affected flag(s) Z ORM A,[m] Logical OR ACC to Data Memory Description Data in the specified Data Memory and the Accumulator perform a bitwise logical OR operation. The result is stored in the Data Memory. Operation [m] ¬ ACC ²OR² [m] Affected flag(s) Z RET Return from subroutine Description The Program Counter is restored from the stack. Program execution continues at the restored address. Operation Program Counter ¬ Stack Affected flag(s) None RET A,x Return from subroutine and load immediate data to ACC Description The Program Counter is restored from the stack and the Accumulator loaded with the specified immediate data. Program execution continues at the restored address. Operation Program Counter ¬ Stack ACC ¬ x Affected flag(s) None RETI Return from interrupt Description The Program Counter is restored from the stack and the interrupts are re-enabled by setting the EMI bit. EMI is the master interrupt global enable bit. If an interrupt was pending when the RETI instruction is executed, the pending Interrupt routine will be processed before returning to the main program. Operation Program Counter ¬ Stack EMI ¬ 1 Affected flag(s) None RL [m] Rotate Data Memory left Description The contents of the specified Data Memory are rotated left by 1 bit with bit 7 rotated into bit 0. Operation [m].(i+1) ¬ [m].i; (i = 0~6) [m].0 ¬ [m].7 Affected flag(s) None RLA [m] Rotate Data Memory left with result in ACC Description The contents of the specified Data Memory are rotated left by 1 bit with bit 7 rotated into bit 0. The rotated result is stored in the Accumulator and the contents of the Data Memory remain unchanged. Operation ACC.(i+1) ¬ [m].i; (i = 0~6) ACC.0 ¬ [m].7 Affected flag(s) None Rev. 1.10 68 June 9, 2009 HT48R063/064/065/066/0662/067 RLC [m] Rotate Data Memory left through Carry Description The contents of the specified Data Memory and the carry flag are rotated left by 1 bit. Bit 7 replaces the Carry bit and the original carry flag is rotated into bit 0. Operation [m].(i+1) ¬ [m].i; (i = 0~6) [m].0 ¬ C C ¬ [m].7 Affected flag(s) C RLCA [m] Rotate Data Memory left through Carry with result in ACC Description Data in the specified Data Memory and the carry flag are rotated left by 1 bit. Bit 7 replaces the Carry bit and the original carry flag is rotated into the bit 0. The rotated result is stored in the Accumulator and the contents of the Data Memory remain unchanged. Operation ACC.(i+1) ¬ [m].i; (i = 0~6) ACC.0 ¬ C C ¬ [m].7 Affected flag(s) C RR [m] Rotate Data Memory right Description The contents of the specified Data Memory are rotated right by 1 bit with bit 0 rotated into bit 7. Operation [m].i ¬ [m].(i+1); (i = 0~6) [m].7 ¬ [m].0 Affected flag(s) None RRA [m] Rotate Data Memory right with result in ACC Description Data in the specified Data Memory and the carry flag are rotated right by 1 bit with bit 0 rotated into bit 7. The rotated result is stored in the Accumulator and the contents of the Data Memory remain unchanged. Operation ACC.i ¬ [m].(i+1); (i = 0~6) ACC.7 ¬ [m].0 Affected flag(s) None RRC [m] Rotate Data Memory right through Carry Description The contents of the specified Data Memory and the carry flag are rotated right by 1 bit. Bit 0 replaces the Carry bit and the original carry flag is rotated into bit 7. Operation [m].i ¬ [m].(i+1); (i = 0~6) [m].7 ¬ C C ¬ [m].0 Affected flag(s) C RRCA [m] Rotate Data Memory right through Carry with result in ACC Description Data in the specified Data Memory and the carry flag are rotated right by 1 bit. Bit 0 replaces the Carry bit and the original carry flag is rotated into bit 7. The rotated result is stored in the Accumulator and the contents of the Data Memory remain unchanged. Operation ACC.i ¬ [m].(i+1); (i = 0~6) ACC.7 ¬ C C ¬ [m].0 Affected flag(s) C Rev. 1.10 69 June 9, 2009 HT48R063/064/065/066/0662/067 SBC A,[m] Subtract Data Memory from ACC with Carry Description The contents of the specified Data Memory and the complement of the carry flag are subtracted from the Accumulator. The result is stored in the Accumulator. Note that if the result of subtraction is negative, the C flag will be cleared to 0, otherwise if the result is positive or zero, the C flag will be set to 1. Operation ACC ¬ ACC - [m] - C Affected flag(s) OV, Z, AC, C SBCM A,[m] Subtract Data Memory from ACC with Carry and result in Data Memory Description The contents of the specified Data Memory and the complement of the carry flag are subtracted from the Accumulator. The result is stored in the Data Memory. Note that if the result of subtraction is negative, the C flag will be cleared to 0, otherwise if the result is positive or zero, the C flag will be set to 1. Operation [m] ¬ ACC - [m] - C Affected flag(s) OV, Z, AC, C SDZ [m] Skip if decrement Data Memory is 0 Description The contents of the specified Data Memory are first decremented by 1. If the result is 0 the following instruction is skipped. As this requires the insertion of a dummy instruction while the next instruction is fetched, it is a two cycle instruction. If the result is not 0 the program proceeds with the following instruction. Operation [m] ¬ [m] - 1 Skip if [m] = 0 Affected flag(s) None SDZA [m] Skip if decrement Data Memory is zero with result in ACC Description The contents of the specified Data Memory are first decremented by 1. If the result is 0, the following instruction is skipped. The result is stored in the Accumulator but the specified Data Memory contents remain unchanged. As this requires the insertion of a dummy instruction while the next instruction is fetched, it is a two cycle instruction. If the result is not 0, the program proceeds with the following instruction. Operation ACC ¬ [m] - 1 Skip if ACC = 0 Affected flag(s) None SET [m] Set Data Memory Description Each bit of the specified Data Memory is set to 1. Operation [m] ¬ FFH Affected flag(s) None SET [m].i Set bit of Data Memory Description Bit i of the specified Data Memory is set to 1. Operation [m].i ¬ 1 Affected flag(s) None Rev. 1.10 70 June 9, 2009 HT48R063/064/065/066/0662/067 SIZ [m] Skip if increment Data Memory is 0 Description The contents of the specified Data Memory are first incremented by 1. If the result is 0, the following instruction is skipped. As this requires the insertion of a dummy instruction while the next instruction is fetched, it is a two cycle instruction. If the result is not 0 the program proceeds with the following instruction. Operation [m] ¬ [m] + 1 Skip if [m] = 0 Affected flag(s) None SIZA [m] Skip if increment Data Memory is zero with result in ACC Description The contents of the specified Data Memory are first incremented by 1. If the result is 0, the following instruction is skipped. The result is stored in the Accumulator but the specified Data Memory contents remain unchanged. As this requires the insertion of a dummy instruction while the next instruction is fetched, it is a two cycle instruction. If the result is not 0 the program proceeds with the following instruction. Operation ACC ¬ [m] + 1 Skip if ACC = 0 Affected flag(s) None SNZ [m].i Skip if bit i of Data Memory is not 0 Description If bit i of the specified Data Memory is not 0, the following instruction is skipped. As this requires the insertion of a dummy instruction while the next instruction is fetched, it is a two cycle instruction. If the result is 0 the program proceeds with the following instruction. Operation Skip if [m].i ¹ 0 Affected flag(s) None SUB A,[m] Subtract Data Memory from ACC Description The specified Data Memory is subtracted from the contents of the Accumulator. The result is stored in the Accumulator. Note that if the result of subtraction is negative, the C flag will be cleared to 0, otherwise if the result is positive or zero, the C flag will be set to 1. Operation ACC ¬ ACC - [m] Affected flag(s) OV, Z, AC, C SUBM A,[m] Subtract Data Memory from ACC with result in Data Memory Description The specified Data Memory is subtracted from the contents of the Accumulator. The result is stored in the Data Memory. Note that if the result of subtraction is negative, the C flag will be cleared to 0, otherwise if the result is positive or zero, the C flag will be set to 1. Operation [m] ¬ ACC - [m] Affected flag(s) OV, Z, AC, C SUB A,x Subtract immediate data from ACC Description The immediate data specified by the code is subtracted from the contents of the Accumulator. The result is stored in the Accumulator. Note that if the result of subtraction is negative, the C flag will be cleared to 0, otherwise if the result is positive or zero, the C flag will be set to 1. Operation ACC ¬ ACC - x Affected flag(s) OV, Z, AC, C Rev. 1.10 71 June 9, 2009 HT48R063/064/065/066/0662/067 SWAP [m] Swap nibbles of Data Memory Description The low-order and high-order nibbles of the specified Data Memory are interchanged. Operation [m].3~[m].0 « [m].7 ~ [m].4 Affected flag(s) None SWAPA [m] Swap nibbles of Data Memory with result in ACC Description The low-order and high-order nibbles of the specified Data Memory are interchanged. The result is stored in the Accumulator. The contents of the Data Memory remain unchanged. Operation ACC.3 ~ ACC.0 ¬ [m].7 ~ [m].4 ACC.7 ~ ACC.4 ¬ [m].3 ~ [m].0 Affected flag(s) None SZ [m] Skip if Data Memory is 0 Description If the contents of the specified Data Memory is 0, the following instruction is skipped. As this requires the insertion of a dummy instruction while the next instruction is fetched, it is a two cycle instruction. If the result is not 0 the program proceeds with the following instruction. Operation Skip if [m] = 0 Affected flag(s) None SZA [m] Skip if Data Memory is 0 with data movement to ACC Description The contents of the specified Data Memory are copied to the Accumulator. If the value is zero, the following instruction is skipped. As this requires the insertion of a dummy instruction while the next instruction is fetched, it is a two cycle instruction. If the result is not 0 the program proceeds with the following instruction. Operation ACC ¬ [m] Skip if [m] = 0 Affected flag(s) None SZ [m].i Skip if bit i of Data Memory is 0 Description If bit i of the specified Data Memory is 0, the following instruction is skipped. As this requires the insertion of a dummy instruction while the next instruction is fetched, it is a two cycle instruction. If the result is not 0, the program proceeds with the following instruction. Operation Skip if [m].i = 0 Affected flag(s) None TABRDC [m] Read table (current page) to TBLH and Data Memory Description The low byte of the program code (current page) addressed by the table pointer (TBLP) is moved to the specified Data Memory and the high byte moved to TBLH. Operation [m] ¬ program code (low byte) TBLH ¬ program code (high byte) Affected flag(s) None TABRDL [m] Read table (last page) to TBLH and Data Memory Description The low byte of the program code (last page) addressed by the table pointer (TBLP) is moved to the specified Data Memory and the high byte moved to TBLH. Operation [m] ¬ program code (low byte) TBLH ¬ program code (high byte) Affected flag(s) None Rev. 1.10 72 June 9, 2009 HT48R063/064/065/066/0662/067 XOR A,[m] Logical XOR Data Memory to ACC Description Data in the Accumulator and the specified Data Memory perform a bitwise logical XOR operation. The result is stored in the Accumulator. Operation ACC ¬ ACC ²XOR² [m] Affected flag(s) Z XORM A,[m] Logical XOR ACC to Data Memory Description Data in the specified Data Memory and the Accumulator perform a bitwise logical XOR operation. The result is stored in the Data Memory. Operation [m] ¬ ACC ²XOR² [m] Affected flag(s) Z XOR A,x Logical XOR immediate data to ACC Description Data in the Accumulator and the specified immediate data perform a bitwise logical XOR operation. The result is stored in the Accumulator. Operation ACC ¬ ACC ²XOR² x Affected flag(s) Z Rev. 1.10 73 June 9, 2009 HT48R063/064/065/066/0662/067 Package Information 16-pin DIP (300mil) Outline Dimensions A B A 1 6 9 1 8 B 1 6 9 1 8 H H C C D D G E G E I F I F Fig1. Full Lead Packages Fig2. 1/2 Lead Packages · MS-001d (see fig1) Symbol A Dimensions in mil Min. Nom. Max. 780 ¾ 880 B 240 ¾ 280 C 115 ¾ 195 D 115 ¾ 150 E 14 ¾ 22 F 45 ¾ 70 G ¾ 100 ¾ H 300 ¾ 325 I ¾ ¾ 430 · MS-001d (see fig2) Symbol A Rev. 1.10 Dimensions in mil Min. Nom. Max. 735 ¾ 775 B 240 ¾ 280 C 115 ¾ 195 D 115 ¾ 150 E 14 ¾ 22 70 F 45 ¾ G ¾ 100 ¾ H 300 ¾ 325 I ¾ ¾ 430 74 June 9, 2009 HT48R063/064/065/066/0662/067 · MO-095a (see fig2) Symbol A Rev. 1.10 Dimensions in mil Min. Nom. Max. 745 ¾ 785 B 275 ¾ 295 C 120 ¾ 150 D 110 ¾ 150 E 14 ¾ 22 F 45 ¾ 60 G ¾ 100 ¾ H 300 ¾ 325 I ¾ ¾ 430 75 June 9, 2009 HT48R063/064/065/066/0662/067 16-pin NSOP (150mil) Outline Dimensions 1 6 A 9 B 8 1 C C ' G H D E Symbol Rev. 1.10 a F Dimensions in mil Min. Nom. Max. A 228 ¾ 244 B 149 ¾ 157 C 14 ¾ 20 C¢ 386 ¾ 394 D 53 ¾ 69 E ¾ 50 ¾ F 4 ¾ 10 G 22 ¾ 28 H 4 ¾ 12 a 0° ¾ 10° 76 June 9, 2009 HT48R063/064/065/066/0662/067 20-pin DIP (300mil) Outline Dimensions A B A 2 0 1 1 1 1 0 B 2 0 1 1 1 0 1 H H C C D D E F I G E F Fig1. Full Lead Packages I G Fig2. 1/2 Lead Packages · MS-001d (see fig1) Symbol Dimensions in mil Min. Nom. Max. A 980 ¾ 1060 B 240 ¾ 280 C 115 ¾ 195 D 115 ¾ 150 E 14 ¾ 22 F 45 ¾ 70 G ¾ 100 ¾ H 300 ¾ 325 I ¾ ¾ 430 · MO-095a (see fig2) Symbol Rev. 1.10 Dimensions in mil Min. Nom. Max. A 945 ¾ 985 B 275 ¾ 295 C 120 ¾ 150 D 110 ¾ 150 E 14 ¾ 22 F 45 ¾ 60 G ¾ 100 ¾ H 300 ¾ 325 I ¾ ¾ 430 77 June 9, 2009 HT48R063/064/065/066/0662/067 20-pin SOP (300mil) Outline Dimensions 1 1 2 0 A B 1 1 0 C C ' G H D E a F · MS-013 Symbol Rev. 1.10 Dimensions in mil Min. Nom. Max. A 393 ¾ 419 B 256 ¾ 300 C 12 ¾ 20 C¢ 496 ¾ 512 D ¾ ¾ 104 E ¾ 50 ¾ F 4 ¾ 12 G 16 ¾ 50 H 8 ¾ 13 a 0° ¾ 8° 78 June 9, 2009 HT48R063/064/065/066/0662/067 20-pin SSOP (150mil) Outline Dimensions 1 1 2 0 A B 1 1 0 C C ' G H D E Symbol Rev. 1.10 a F Dimensions in mil Min. Nom. Max. A 228 ¾ 244 B 150 ¾ 158 C 8 ¾ 12 C¢ 335 ¾ 347 D 49 ¾ 65 E ¾ 25 ¾ F 4 ¾ 10 G 15 ¾ 50 H 7 ¾ 10 a 0° ¾ 8° 79 June 9, 2009 HT48R063/064/065/066/0662/067 24-pin SKDIP (300mil) Outline Dimensions A A 1 3 2 4 B 1 3 2 4 B 1 2 1 1 2 1 H H C C D D E F I G E F I G Fig2. 1/2 Lead Packages Fig1. Full Lead Packages · MS-001d (see fig1) Symbol Dimensions in mil Min. Nom. Max. A 1230 ¾ 1280 B 240 ¾ 280 C 115 ¾ 195 D 115 ¾ 150 E 14 ¾ 22 F 45 ¾ 70 G ¾ 100 ¾ H 300 ¾ 325 I ¾ ¾ 430 · MS-001d (see fig2) Symbol Rev. 1.10 Dimensions in mil Min. Nom. Max. A 1160 ¾ 1195 B 240 ¾ 280 C 115 ¾ 195 D 115 ¾ 150 E 14 ¾ 22 F 45 ¾ 70 G ¾ 100 ¾ H 300 ¾ 325 I ¾ ¾ 430 80 June 9, 2009 HT48R063/064/065/066/0662/067 · MO-095a (see fig2) Symbol A Rev. 1.10 Dimensions in mil Min. Nom. Max. 1145 ¾ 1185 B 275 ¾ 295 C 120 ¾ 150 D 110 ¾ 150 E 14 ¾ 22 F 45 ¾ 60 G ¾ 100 ¾ H 300 ¾ 325 I ¾ ¾ 430 81 June 9, 2009 HT48R063/064/065/066/0662/067 24-pin SOP (300mil) Outline Dimensions 1 3 2 4 A B 1 2 1 C C ' G H D E a F · MS-013 Symbol Rev. 1.10 Dimensions in mil Min. Nom. Max. A 393 ¾ 419 B 256 ¾ 300 C 12 ¾ 20 C¢ 598 ¾ 613 D ¾ ¾ 104 E ¾ 50 ¾ F 4 ¾ 12 G 16 ¾ 50 H 8 ¾ 13 a 0° ¾ 8° 82 June 9, 2009 HT48R063/064/065/066/0662/067 24-pin SSOP (150mil) Outline Dimensions 1 3 2 4 A B 1 2 1 C C ' G H D E Symbol Rev. 1.10 a F Dimensions in mil Min. Nom. Max. A 228 ¾ 244 B 150 ¾ 157 C 8 ¾ 12 C¢ 335 ¾ 346 D 54 ¾ 60 E ¾ 25 ¾ F 4 ¾ 10 G 22 ¾ 28 H 7 ¾ 10 a 0° ¾ 8° 83 June 9, 2009 HT48R063/064/065/066/0662/067 28-pin SKDIP (300mil) Outline Dimensions A B 2 8 1 5 1 1 4 H C D E Symbol A Rev. 1.10 F I G Dimensions in mil Min. Nom. Max. 1375 ¾ 1395 B 278 ¾ 298 C 125 ¾ 135 D 125 ¾ 145 E 16 ¾ 20 F 50 ¾ 70 G ¾ 100 ¾ H 295 ¾ 315 I ¾ ¾ 375 84 June 9, 2009 HT48R063/064/065/066/0662/067 28-pin SOP (300mil) Outline Dimensions 2 8 1 5 A B 1 1 4 C C ' G H D E a F · MS-013 Symbol Rev. 1.10 Dimensions in mil Min. Nom. Max. A 393 ¾ 419 B 256 ¾ 300 C 12 ¾ 20 C¢ 697 ¾ 713 D ¾ ¾ 104 E ¾ 50 ¾ F 4 ¾ 12 G 16 ¾ 50 H 8 ¾ 13 a 0° ¾ 8° 85 June 9, 2009 HT48R063/064/065/066/0662/067 28-pin SSOP (150mil) Outline Dimensions 1 5 2 8 A B 1 4 1 C C ' G H D E Symbol Rev. 1.10 a F Dimensions in mil Min. Nom. Max. A 228 ¾ 244 B 150 ¾ 157 C 8 ¾ 12 C¢ 386 ¾ 394 D 54 ¾ 60 E ¾ 25 ¾ F 4 ¾ 10 G 22 ¾ 28 H 7 ¾ 10 a 0° ¾ 8° 86 June 9, 2009 HT48R063/064/065/066/0662/067 44-pin QFP (10mm´10mm) Outline Dimensions H C D G 2 3 3 3 I 3 4 2 2 L F A B E 1 2 4 4 K a J 1 Symbol A Rev. 1.10 1 1 Dimensions in mm Min. Nom. Max. 13.00 ¾ 13.40 B 9.90 ¾ 10.10 C 13.00 ¾ 13.40 D 9.90 ¾ 10.10 E ¾ 0.80 ¾ F ¾ 0.30 ¾ G 1.90 ¾ 2.20 H ¾ ¾ 2.70 I 0.25 ¾ 0.50 J 0.73 ¾ 0.93 K 0.10 ¾ 0.20 L ¾ 0.10 ¾ a 0° ¾ 7° 87 June 9, 2009 HT48R063/064/065/066/0662/067 Product Tape and Reel Specifications Reel Dimensions D T 2 A C B T 1 SOP 16N (150mil) Symbol Description A Reel Outer Diameter B Reel Inner Diameter C Spindle Hole Diameter D Key Slit Width T1 Space Between Flange T2 Reel Thickness Dimensions in mm 330.0±1.0 100.0±1.5 13.0 +0.5/-0.2 2.0±0.5 16.8 +0.3/-0.2 22.2±0.2 SOP 20W, SOP 24W, SOP 28W (300mil) Symbol Description A Reel Outer Diameter B Reel Inner Diameter C Spindle Hole Diameter D Key Slit Width T1 Space Between Flange T2 Reel Thickness Dimensions in mm 330.0±1.0 100.0±1.5 13.0 +0.5/-0.2 2.0±0.5 24.8 +0.3/-0.2 30.2±0.2 SSOP 20S (150mil), SSOP 24S (150mil), SSOP 28S (150mil) Symbol Description A Reel Outer Diameter B Reel Inner Diameter C Spindle Hole Diameter D Key Slit Width T1 Space Between Flange T2 Reel Thickness Rev. 1.10 Dimensions in mm 330.0±1.0 100.0±1.5 13.0 +0.5/-0.2 2.0±0.5 16.8 +0.3/-0.2 22.2±0.2 88 June 9, 2009 HT48R063/064/065/066/0662/067 Carrier Tape Dimensions P 0 D P 1 t E F W B 0 C D 1 P K 0 A 0 R e e l H o le IC p a c k a g e p in 1 a n d th e r e e l h o le s a r e lo c a te d o n th e s a m e s id e . SOP 16N (150mil) Symbol Description Dimensions in mm W Carrier Tape Width P Cavity Pitch 8.0±0.1 E Perforation Position 1.75±0.1 16.0±0.3 F Cavity to Perforation (Width Direction) D Perforation Diameter 1.55 +0.10/-0.00 D1 Cavity Hole Diameter 1.50 +0.25/-0.00 P0 Perforation Pitch 4.0±0.1 P1 Cavity to Perforation (Length Direction) 2.0±0.1 A0 Cavity Length 6.5±0.1 B0 Cavity Width 10.3±0.1 K0 Cavity Depth 2.1±0.1 7.5±0.1 t Carrier Tape Thickness 0.30±0.05 C Cover Tape Width 13.3±0.1 SOP 20W Symbol Description Dimensions in mm 24.0 +0.3/-0.1 W Carrier Tape Width P Cavity Pitch 12.0±0.1 E Perforation Position 1.75±0.10 F Cavity to Perforation (Width Direction) D Perforation Diameter 11.5±0.1 1.5 1.50 +0.1/-0.0 +0.25/-0.00 D1 Cavity Hole Diameter P0 Perforation Pitch P1 Cavity to Perforation (Length Direction) 2.0±0.1 A0 Cavity Length 10.8±0.1 B0 Cavity Width 13.3±0.1 K0 Cavity Depth 3.2±0.1 4.0±0.1 t Carrier Tape Thickness 0.30±0.05 C Cover Tape Width 21.3±0.1 Rev. 1.10 89 June 9, 2009 HT48R063/064/065/066/0662/067 SOP 24W Symbol Description Dimensions in mm W Carrier Tape Width 24.0±0.3 P Cavity Pitch 12.0±0.1 E Perforation Position 1.75±0.1 F Cavity to Perforation (Width Direction) D Perforation Diameter 1.55 +0.10/-0.00 D1 Cavity Hole Diameter 1.50 +0.25/-0.00 P0 Perforation Pitch 4.0±0.1 P1 Cavity to Perforation (Length Direction) 2.0±0.1 A0 Cavity Length 10.9±0.1 B0 Cavity Width 15.9±0.1 K0 Cavity Depth 11.5±0.1 3.1±0.1 t Carrier Tape Thickness 0.35±0.05 C Cover Tape Width 21.3±0.1 SOP 28W (300mil) Symbol Description Dimensions in mm W Carrier Tape Width 24.0±0.3 P Cavity Pitch 12.0±0.1 E Perforation Position 1.75±0.10 F Cavity to Perforation (Width Direction) 11.5±0.1 D Perforation Diameter 1.5 D1 Cavity Hole Diameter 1.50 P0 Perforation Pitch 4.0±0.1 P1 Cavity to Perforation (Length Direction) 2.0±0.1 A0 Cavity Length 10.85±0.10 B0 Cavity Width 18.34±0.10 K0 Cavity Depth 2.97±0.10 t Carrier Tape Thickness 0.35±0.01 C Cover Tape Width 21.3±0.1 Rev. 1.10 90 +0.1/-0.0 +0.25/-0.00 June 9, 2009 HT48R063/064/065/066/0662/067 SSOP 20S (150mil) Symbol Description W Carrier Tape Width P Cavity Pitch E Perforation Position F Cavity to Perforation (Width Direction) D Perforation Diameter Dimensions in mm 16.0 +0.3/-0.1 8.0±0.1 1.75±0.10 7.5±0.1 1.5 1.50 +0.1/-0.0 +0.25/-0.00 D1 Cavity Hole Diameter P0 Perforation Pitch 4.0±0.1 P1 Cavity to Perforation (Length Direction) 2.0±0.1 A0 Cavity Length 6.5±0.1 B0 Cavity Width 9.0±0.1 K0 Cavity Depth 2.3±0.1 t Carrier Tape Thickness 0.30±0.05 C Cover Tape Width 13.3±0.1 SSOP 24S (150mil) Symbol Description Dimensions in mm 16.0 +0.3/-0.1 W Carrier Tape Width P Cavity Pitch E Perforation Position F Cavity to Perforation (Width Direction) D Perforation Diameter 1.5 D1 Cavity Hole Diameter 1.50 P0 Perforation Pitch 4.0±0.1 P1 Cavity to Perforation (Length Direction) 2.0±0.1 A0 Cavity Length 6.5±0.1 B0 Cavity Width 9.5±0.1 K0 Cavity Depth 2.1±0.1 8.0±0.1 1.75±0.10 7.5±0.1 +0.1/-0.0 +0.25/-0.00 t Carrier Tape Thickness 0.30±0.05 C Cover Tape Width 13.3±0.1 Rev. 1.10 91 June 9, 2009 HT48R063/064/065/066/0662/067 SSOP 28S (150mil) Symbol Description Dimensions in mm W Carrier Tape Width 16.0±0.3 P Cavity Pitch 8.0±0.1 E Perforation Position 1.75±0.1 F Cavity to Perforation (Width Direction) D Perforation Diameter 1.55 +0.10/-0.00 D1 Cavity Hole Diameter 1.50 +0.25/-0.00 P0 Perforation Pitch 4.0±0.1 P1 Cavity to Perforation (Length Direction) 2.0±0.1 A0 Cavity Length 6.5±0.1 B0 Cavity Width 10.3±0.1 K0 Cavity Depth 2.1±0.1 7.5±0.1 t Carrier Tape Thickness 0.30±0.05 C Cover Tape Width 13.3±0.1 Rev. 1.10 92 June 9, 2009 HT48R063/064/065/066/0662/067 Holtek Semiconductor Inc. (Headquarters) No.3, Creation Rd. II, Science Park, Hsinchu, Taiwan Tel: 886-3-563-1999 Fax: 886-3-563-1189 http://www.holtek.com.tw Holtek Semiconductor Inc. (Taipei Sales Office) 4F-2, No. 3-2, YuanQu St., Nankang Software Park, Taipei 115, Taiwan Tel: 886-2-2655-7070 Fax: 886-2-2655-7373 Fax: 886-2-2655-7383 (International sales hotline) Holtek Semiconductor Inc. (Shanghai Sales Office) G Room, 3 Floor, No.1 Building, No.2016 Yi-Shan Road, Minhang District, Shanghai, China 201103 Tel: 86-21-5422-4590 Fax: 86-21-5422-4705 http://www.holtek.com.cn Holtek Semiconductor Inc. (Shenzhen Sales Office) 5F, Unit A, Productivity Building, No.5 Gaoxin M 2nd Road, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, China 518057 Tel: 86-755-8616-9908, 86-755-8616-9308 Fax: 86-755-8616-9722 Holtek Semiconductor Inc. (Beijing Sales Office) Suite 1721, Jinyu Tower, A129 West Xuan Wu Men Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, China 100031 Tel: 86-10-6641-0030, 86-10-6641-7751, 86-10-6641-7752 Fax: 86-10-6641-0125 Holtek Semiconductor (USA), Inc. (North America Sales Office) 46729 Fremont Blvd., Fremont, CA 94538, USA Tel: 1-510-252-9880 Fax: 1-510-252-9885 http://www.holtek.com Copyright Ó 2009 by HOLTEK SEMICONDUCTOR INC. The information appearing in this Data Sheet is believed to be accurate at the time of publication. However, Holtek assumes no responsibility arising from the use of the specifications described. The applications mentioned herein are used solely for the purpose of illustration and Holtek makes no warranty or representation that such applications will be suitable without further modification, nor recommends the use of its products for application that may present a risk to human life due to malfunction or otherwise. Holtek¢s products are not authorized for use as critical components in life support devices or systems. Holtek reserves the right to alter its products without prior notification. For the most up-to-date information, please visit our web site at http://www.holtek.com.tw. Rev. 1.10 93 June 9, 2009