SS6781B Battery Charge Controller FEATURES DESCRIPTION Fast Charge Control of NiMH/NiCd Batteries, even with a Fluctuating Charging Current. Fast Charge Termination by: ∆T / ∆t , −∆V , 0 ∆V , Safety Timer, Maximum Temperature, Maximum Voltage. Linearly Adjustable ∆T / ∆t Detection Slope and Safety Timer. Adjustable Peak Voltage Timer for 0 ∆V . Battery Voltage Protection Range Selectable. Selectable Battery Temperature Protection Mode. Protection against Battery Voltage and Battery Temperature Faults. Selectable LED Display Mode for Battery Status. Five Pulsed Trickle Charge Modes. Discharge-before-Charge Function Available for Eliminating Memory Effect. Quick and Easy Testing for Production. 16-pin DIP or SO Packages. APPLICATIONS Battery Fast Chargers for: Mobile Phones. Notebook and Laptop Personal Computers. Portable Power Tools and Toys. Portable Communication Equipments. Portable Video & Stereo Equipments. 100 Charge Current = 600 mA Cell Capacity = 550 mA NiMH Battery 80 1.45 Cell Voltage 60 1.35 40 1.25 Temperature (°C) Cell Voltage (V) 1.55 Temperature 1.15 0 10 20 30 40 50 Charge Time (min.) 60 20 Fig. 1 Battery Charging Characteristics Resulting from an SS6781B-Controlled Charger Fluctuating Charging Current with a The SS6781B fast charge controller IC is designed for intelligent charging of NiMH or NiCd batteries without the risk of overcharge. −∆V Detection (-0.25%), 0 ∆V detection (peak voltage timer) and ∆T / ∆t detection are the primary methods employed by the SS6781B to terminate fast charge. The fast charge can also be cut off by maximum battery voltage and maximum battery temperature detection along with the safety timer to prevent charging under fault conditions of the charging system or the battery itself. Both ∆T / ∆t and −∆V detection methods have been proved powerful in terminating fast charging for NiMH and NiCd batteries. The SS6781B utilizes the combination of these two methods to achieve reliable decision of ending fast charge and prevent misacting caused by using −∆V detection alone under certain conditions. Fig. 1 shows an example of charging curve of a battery charged by a fluctuating current from a NiMH battery charger, which uses the SS6781B controller IC to achieve optimal charging. This technique, in cooperating with the 0 ∆V detection (peak voltage timer), is particularly suitable for NiMH batteries, whose voltage drop is hardly significant yet temperature rises rapidly. The ∆T / ∆t or −∆V detection circuitry may be disabled independently for different applications, such as system-integrated chargers, chargers with varying charge current, or battery packs lack of temperature sensing thermistor. The safety timer period, mode of battery temperature protection, battery voltage protection range, pulsed trickle charge duty, and LED display mode are all adjustable or selectable. Discharge-before-charge function is included to get rid of memory effect of NiCd batteries without Pb-free; RoHS-compliant 01/31/2008 Rev.1.00 www.SiliconStandard.com 1 SS6781B the risk of overdischarging. Test mode is provided for charger manufactures to dramatically reduce production test time. TYPICAL APPLICATION CIRCUIT D1 R1 1K C2 220µH 1µF 2 3 C1 4 U1 DC BOOST DE IS CF VCC GND FB 470P IN4148 7 RS 0.3/1W 6 + 5 2 Q1 C10 C7 0.1µF C9 4.7µF 91K 1 47nF MPS2222A R15 3 680 4 5 6 BAT1 C3 220µF SS6563 R9 1N5819 YELLOW R10 100K + D4 D3 8 PB SW LED1 R8 300K 0.1µF 270 20/5W IN5819 C5 **BATTERY 390K 1 + C4 220µF R5 120/0.5W R4 D2 L1 R7 RX THERMISTOR IN4148 SW1 R3 R2 RY R14 + C6 0.1µF C8 C11 200K 0.1µF 100µF 7 R6 8 50K R11 100K U2 PEAK VBT DSW ICON LED2 DIS VTS VCC LED1 GND ADJ SEL1 SEL3 SEL2 TMR MODE LED2 LED3 GREEN RED R12 16 15 R16 680 R17 680 14 13 12 11 10 9 SS6781B 5.1K U3 VIN 11~15V VIN + C12 R13 470K 78L05 VOUT GND 1µF Q2 MMBT2222A + C13 10µF **3~5 NiMH/NiCd cells. Note: Charge Current=0.3/RS Ampere Safety Timer: 80min Battery Charge Circuit for Fluctuating Charging Current Application ORDERING INFORMATION SS6781BXXXX PIN CONFIGURATION TOP VIEW PACKING TYPE TR: TAPE & REEL TB: TUBE PACKAGE TYPE N: PLASTIC DIP S: SMALL OUTLINE C: COMMERCIAL G: LEAD FREE COMMERCIAL Example: SS6781BCSTR in SO-16 Package & Tape & Reel Packing Type PEAK 1 16 DSW VBT 2 15 ICON DIS 3 14 LED2 VTS 4 13 LED1 VCC 5 12 GND ADJ 6 11 SEL1 SEL3 7 10 SEL2 TMR 8 9 MODE (CN is not available in TR packing type) SS6781BGSTR in SO-16 Lead Free Package & Tape & Reel Packing Type 01/31/2008 Rev.1.00 www.SiliconStandard.com 2 SS6781B ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS Supply Voltage 5.5V DC Voltage Applied on any pin 5.5V 20mA Sink current of ICON pin, LED1 and LED2 pin -40°C~ 85°C Operating Temperature Range Storage Temperature Range -65°C~ 150°C Junction Temperature Range 125°C Lead Temperature (Soldering 10 sec) 260°C Absolute Maximum Ratings are those values beyond which the life of a device may be impaired. TEST CIRCUIT VCC VOLTAGE SOURCE - + YELLOW R1 560 - + VOLTAGE SOURCE VCC (5V) VCC V1 (0.95V) V2 (3V) 5.1K PEAK DSW VBT ICON DIS LED2 VTS LED1 R3 ORANGE 560 R4 GREEN 560 R5 RED 560 SS6781B VCC GND ADJ SEL1 VCC SEL3 SEL2 VCC TMR MODE VCC VCC R2 01/31/2008 Rev.1.00 www.SiliconStandard.com 3 SS6781B ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (TA=25°C, VCC=5V, unless otherwise specified.) (Note1) SYMBOL MIN. TYP. MAX. UNIT Supply Voltage VCC 4.5 5.0 5.5 V Supply Current ICC PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS Battery Low During Initial Timer After Initial Timer (SEL3>3V) (SEL3<2V) Battery High (SEL3>3V) (SEL3<2V) Voltage Protection Limit VBT Temperature High Temperature Sense Limit Temperature Low Output impedance of DIS Pin VTS 1.1 mA 0.11 0.16 0.21 0.63 1.1 0.69 1.2 0.75 1.30 2.6 2.7 2.80 1.9 2.0 2.10 1.35 1.45 1.55 3.5 3.6 3.70 50 100 Ω 25 50 Ω ZDIS V V LED1, LED2, ICON pins Output Impedance ON OFF Source Current Capability 1 SEL3 pin ISEL3 5.5 DSW pin IDSW 90 MODE, PEAK, SEL1, SEL2 pins Input Impedance Recommended External Temperature detective function is enabled. Battery’s type is GP180AAHC (Note2, Note3, Note4) -∆V Detection Peak Value Level kΩ 1 RTMR Resistor of TMR pin µA 300 VBT, VTS, ADJ pins Battery Charge Current MΩ w.r.t. MΩ 0.9 5.1 27 kΩ 0.25 0.8 1 C -0.25 % * w.r.t.: with respect to 01/31/2008 Rev.1.00 www.SiliconStandard.com 4 SS6781B Note 1: Specifications are production tested at TA=25℃. Specifications over the -40℃ to 85℃ operating temperature range are assured by design, characterization and correlation with Statistical Quality Controls (SQC). Note 2: Guaranteed by battery’s specification. Note 3: Disable the temperature detective function is not recommended. Disable the temperature detection function may cause the detection error in some conditions. (For example, battery over discharge) Note 4: Generally the electrical current for charge or discharge is expressed in terms of a multiplier of C. For example, if the capacity is 1800mAh, we have the following: 0.1C=0.1*1800=180mA 01/31/2008 Rev.1.00 www.SiliconStandard.com 5 SS6781B ▓ TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS (TA=25°C, R2=5.1KΩ, VCC=5V, refer to Test Circuit) 81.5 81.0 Safety Timer (min) Supply Current (mA) 1.08 1.02 0.96 0.90 80.0 79.5 79.0 78.5 0.84 4.4 4.6 4.8 5.0 5.2 VCC (V) 78.0 4.4 5.4 Fig. 2 Supply Current vs. Supply Voltage Supply Current (mA) 4.0 3.8 3.6 4.4 5.0 VCC (V) 5.2 5.4 5.6 4.6 4.8 5.0 5.2 5.4 1.00 0.95 0.90 0.85 0.80 0 5.6 VCC (V) Fig. 4 LED Flashing Frequency vs. Supply Voltage 20 40 Temperature (°C) 60 80 Fig.5 Supply Current vs. Temperature 82 5.0 81 4.8 Frequency (Hz) Safety Timer (min) 4.8 1.05 4.2 80 79 78 77 76 75 4.6 Fig. 3 Safety Timer vs. Supply Voltage 4.4 Frequency (Hz) 80.5 4.6 4.4 4.2 4.0 3.8 3.6 0 20 40 60 80 Temperature (°C) Fig. 6 Safety Timer vs. Temperature 01/31/2008 Rev.1.00 3.4 -20 0 20 40 Temperature (°C) 60 80 Fig. 7 LED Flashing Frequency vs. Temperature www.SiliconStandard.com 6 SS6781B TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS 2.80 (Continued) 2.28 2.76 2.72 VBT (V) VBT (V) 2.16 2.68 2.04 2.64 1.92 2.60 0 Fig. 8 20 40 60 80 0 Temperature (°C) VBT (High) Limit vs. Temperature (SEL3>3V) Fig. 9 0.20 Output Impedance (Ω) VBT (V) 0.16 0.14 0 20 40 60 60 80 Temperature (°C) VBT (Low) Limit vs. Temperature (During Initial Timer) 30 27 24 21 80 0 20 40 60 80 20 40 60 80 Temperature (°C) Fig.11 Output Impedance vs. Temperature (LED1, LED2, ICON Pins) 4.0 1.55 3.8 1.50 VTS (V) VTS (V) Fig.10 3.6 3.4 3.2 40 Temperature (°C) VBT (High) Limit vs. Temperature (SEL3<2V) 33 0.18 0.12 20 1.45 1.40 0 20 Fig.12 Temperature (°C) VTS (Low Temp) Limit vs. Temperature 01/31/2008 Rev.1.00 40 60 80 1.35 0 Temperature (°C) Fig.13 VTS (High Temp) Limit vs. Temperature www.SiliconStandard.com 7 SS6781B 1.5 0.84 1.4 VBT (V) VBT (V) 0.80 0.76 0.72 0.68 1.3 1.2 1.1 0.64 0 20 40 60 1.0 80 Temperature (°C) Fig. 14 VBT (Low) Limit vs. Temperature (SEL3>3V, After Initial Timer) 0 20 40 60 80 Fig.15 Temperature (°C) VBT (Low) Limit vs. Temperature (SEL3<2V, After Initial Timer) VCC TMR BLOCK DIAGRAM PEAK Peak Voltage Timer Control SEL3 MODE MODE Selection GND Bandgap Reference & Voltage Regulator Battery Voltage & Temperature Portection Setting Charge Control SEL1 SEL2 LED‘s Display & Trickle Pulse Duty Setting ADJ ∆T/∆t Detection Setting Battery Temp. Protection VTS 01/31/2008 Rev.1.00 State Machine LED2 Oscillator Display Control Unit LED1 ICON Charge Control Unit DIS 13-bit A/D Battery Voltage Protection Discharge Control Unit DSW VBT www.SiliconStandard.com 8 SS6781B PIN DESCRIPTIONS PIN 1: PEAK- Tri-level input, determining the period of peak voltage timer. (See 0∆V cut-off section in application informations.) PIN 2: VBTPIN 3: DIS- PIN 4: VTS- Divided battery voltage input to sense the battery voltage. Push-pull output, used to control an external transistor to discharge the battery. DIS is active high when the SS6781B enters discharge mode. The battery cell temperature is represented as a voltage input to the SS6781B at this pin. The acceptable voltage range of VTS pin is 0.29VCC to 0.72VCC. The battery temperature is regarded as too high if the voltage of VTS pin is lower than 0.29VCC, and is otherwise regarded as too low if the voltage of VTS pin is higher than 0.72VCC. PIN 5: VCC- Power supply input at 5V±10%. PIN 6: ADJ- For adjusting the slope of ∆T/∆t. Acceptable voltage range for this pin is approximately 0.28V to 3.8V. If voltage higher than VCC-0.3V, the function of ∆T/∆t detection is disabled. PIN 7: SEL3- the acceptable Determine voltage range of VBT pin and mode of temperature protection function. 01/31/2008 Rev.1.00 Determine the period of safety timer with an external resistor connected to GND. the mode of PIN 9: MODE- Determine operation for the SS6781B. PIN 8: TMR- PIN 10: SEL2 - Tri-level inputs, that jointly control the LED display mode and the duty of trickle charge after the completion of fast charge. PIN 11: SEL1- The same as Pin 10. PIN 12: GND- Power ground. PIN 13: LED1 & PIN 14: LED2- Open-drained outputs used to indicate the battery charging status. Two modes of display are available, depending on the setting of SEL1 and SEL2 pins. PIN 15: ICON- Open-drained output, used to control the charging current to the battery. PIN 16: DSW- Controlling the function of discharge- before- charge. (See discharge- before- charge subsection in application informations). www.SiliconStandard.com 9 SS6781B APPLICATION INFORMATIONS discharge is finished. The application circuit is included in TYPICAL APPLICATION CIRCUIT. THE SS6781B OPERATION Power-on and Battery Pre-qualifying When power is first applied to the SS6781B, all internal digital circuit blocks of the SS6781B are reset by the internal power-on-reset circuitry and output LEDs (depending on the setting of SEL1 and SEL2 pins) flash 3 times to indicate the initiation of power-on. The internal control unit then examines the battery condition through the VBT and VTS pins. The acceptable limits of VBT pin is determined by the input voltage of SEL3 pin and the acceptable temperature sense voltage window for VTS pin is 0.29 VCC to 0.72 VCC. If the voltage of VBT pin fails to fall within the predetermined acceptable limits, the SS6781B enters a charge-suspending mode, in which all the internal circuitry remains in reset state. If the voltage of VTS pin is outside the 0.29 VCC to 0.72 VCC window, action of SS6781B is determined by the input voltage of SEL3 pin. Discharge-Before-Charge The SS6781B provides the function of discharge-before-charge to precondition NiCd batteries which suffer from memory effect. This function can only be activated after the pre-qualification of battery voltage and temperature, yet before the charge completion is registered for the fast charge cycle. To trigger this function, DSW pin has to be biased to GND for over 0.18 second. After discharge begins, LED1 and LED2 pins are both off, ICON pin is on, and DIS pin goes high to activate an external circuit to discharge the battery until the voltage of VBT pin falls below 0.9V (or 0.69V, depending on the input voltage of SEL3 pin) or DSW pin is biased to GND for over 0.18 second again. Fast charge will automatically start after 01/31/2008 Rev.1.00 Fast Charge After the battery passes fault checks and required discharging of the battery is completed, fast charging begins while initial timer and safety timer of the SS6781B start counting. Functions of -∆V detection, peak voltage timer, ∆T/∆t detection, and maximum battery voltage are, however, disabled temporarily until the initial timer period in the initial stage of a charge cycle elapses. The initial timer period is equal to 1/80 of safety timer. Since the low limit of acceptable VBT voltage is only about 0.16V during the initial timer period, even deeply discharged batteries can easily qualify to be fast charged subsequently. In the course of fast charge, the SS6781B constantly monitors the voltages at VBT and VTS pins. The fast charge process is switched to trickle charge when any one of the following situations is encountered, which are explained below: Negative delta voltage (-∆V) Peak voltage timer (0 ∆V ) Delta temperature/ delta time (∆T/∆t) Maximum charge time Maximum battery voltage Maximum battery temperature -∆V Cutoff The SS6781B makes a voltage sampling at VBT pin every 4 seconds when safety timer period is set equal to 80 minutes. If a negative delta voltage of 0.25% compared to its peak value is detected at VBT pin, the fast charge cycle is terminated. 0∆V Cutoff If the battery voltage stays at its peak value or decreases very slowly for the duration determined by the peak voltage timer, which is in turn www.SiliconStandard.com 10 SS6781B determined by PEAK pin voltage, the fast charge action is terminated. ∆T/∆t Cutoff The ∆T/∆t detection of the SS6781B is performed by sensing the decrease of VTS pin voltage in a specific timer interval dictated by the safety timer. The fast charging terminates when the decrease of VTS pin voltage in 56 seconds exceeds the predetermined value set by ADJ pin input. This time interval of 56 seconds is based on the assumption that voltage of VTS pin is sampled once for every 8 seconds, which is also determined by safety timer. Functioning of -∆V detection and peak voltage timer (0 ∆V ) can be disabled if the MODE pin is biased to GND. Functioning of ∆T/∆t detection can be disabled if the voltage of ADJ pin is higher than VCC - 0.3V. loss of charge due to battery self-discharging. The duty cycle is controlled by the setting of SEL1 and SEL2 pins. The functions and charging states control mentioned above are illustrated in the function flow chart of SS6781B (Fig. 16) DESIGN GUIDE Selecting Peak Voltage Timer (0∆V) The voltage of PEAK pin along with safety timer determines the period of peak voltage timer. It can be selected according to the following table: TABLE 1 Maximum Safety Timer Cutoff The maximum fast charge period is determined by the safety timer, which is set by a resistor connected from TMR pin to GND. Safety timer, -∆V sampling rate, and ∆T/∆t sampling rate will be longer if the resistor value is larger. When the value of the resistor is 5.1KΩ, the safety timer period equals 80 minutes. This can be verified by biasing MODE pin to VCC and the measured frequency on DSW pin should be around 32.8 KHz. After the safety timer period is finished, the fast charge action is terminated. PEAK PIN PEAK VOLTAGE TIMER VCC 1.5% of safety timer Floating 3.7% of safety timer GND 6% of safety timer Battery Voltage Measurement The SS6781B measures the battery voltage through VBT pin, which is connected to battery positive terminal through a resistor-divider network, as shown in Fig. 17. The input voltage of SEL3 pin determines the acceptable limit of divided battery voltage. VBAT RA RB + C5 2 VBT 100K 4.7µF The SS6781B guards against the maximum limits for battery voltage and temperature during fast charging. If either of these limits is exceeded, fast charge action is terminated. R5 C6 0.1µF Maximum Voltage and Temperature Cutoff AIC1781B Fig. 17 Battery Voltage Divider Trickle Charge There are five different selectable duty cycles for trickle charge after the fast charge to prevent the 01/31/2008 Rev.1.00 www.SiliconStandard.com 11 SS6781B Power ON LED Flash 3 Times If VBT in Normal Range No Yes Yes If VNTC<0.72 VCC LED's Display Abnormal, ICON ON, Safety Timer Reset No If SEL3>VCC-0.3V or VCC/2-0.4V>SEL3 >1.4V No No If SEL3>VCC-0.3V or VCC/2-0.4V>SEL3 >1.4V Yes ∆T/∆t Disabled No Yes If VNTC>0.29VCC LED's Display, Abnormal, ICON ON, Safety Timer Reset Yes No If Discharge Finished Yes If Discharge Enabled Battery Replacement Yes Yes No No LED's Display Fast Charge, ICON OFF Safety Timer Counts If Initial Timer Finished ∆T/∆t Detector, -∆V Detector, Peak timer are all Disabled No Yes If Peak Timer Period has Finished Yes No If 0.25% Decline of VBT is Detected Yes No If ∆T/ ∆ t has Reached LED's Display Battery Fulll, Fast Charge Finished, Trickle charge Starts Battery Replacement Yes Yes No No No If Safety Timer Period has Finished Yes Fig. 16 Function Flow Chart of SS6781B 01/31/2008 Rev.1.00 www.SiliconStandard.com 12 SS6781B BATTERY CELLS RA/RB 2~4 2 240 120 3~6 3.3 300 91 4~8 4.9 300 62 RA (KΩ) RB (KΩ) 5~10 6.4 300 47 6~12 7.8 310 39 8~16 10.8 390 36 The SS6781B employs a negative temperature coefficient (NTC) thermistor to measure the battery’s temperature. The thermistor is inherently nonlinear with respect to temperature. To reduce the effect of nonlinearity, a resistor-divider network in parallel with the thermistor is recommended. A typical application circuit is shown in Fig. 18. VCC VBAT 4 For SEL3 < (VCC/2) -0.4V, the suggested divider resistance of RA and RB for the corresponding number of battery cells are as below: TABLE 3 BATTERY CELLS RA/RB RA(KΩ) RB (KΩ) 2 1 240 240 3 2 240 120 4 3 240 80 5 4 300 75 6 5 300 60 8 7 360 51 10 9 360 40 12 11 390 36 16 15 410 27 01/31/2008 Rev.1.00 5 VCC Rx C7 0.1µF TABLE 2 Battery Temperature Measurement Thermistor For SEL3 > (VCC/2) + 0.4V, the suggested divider resistance of RA and RB for the corresponding number of battery cells are as below: VTS AIC1781B Ry 12 GND Fig. 18 Battery Temperature Sense Circuit with a Negative Temperature Coefficient (NTC) Thermistor www.SiliconStandard.com 13 SS6781B The calculation for Rx and Ry in the circuit is as following. Ry//RTH 0.29 VCC = x VCC Rx + (Ry// RTH) RTH= The resistance of thermistor at upper limit of temperature protection. Ry//R TL 0.72 VCC = x VCC Rx + (Ry// R TL ) RTL= The resistance of thermistor at lower limit of temperature protection. Substitution and rearranging the equations yield Rx= 2.061 × Ry = RTL × RTH 66 5.7 31.6 67 5.5 29.5 68 5.3 27.5 69 5.2 25.8 70 5.0 24.3 TABLE 5 Values of Rx and Ry at TL = -10°C TH (°C) Rx (KΩ) Ry (KΩ) 45 11.4 95.6 46 11.0 85.0 47 10.6 76.2 48 10.2 68.9 49 9.8 62.8 50 9.5 57.5 RTL − RTH 5. 3 × RTL × RTH 51 9.1 52.9 52 8.8 48.8 RTL − 6. 3RTH 53 8.5 45.3 54 8.2 42.1 55 7.9 39.4 56 7.6 36.8 57 7.4 34.6 58 7.1 32.5 59 6.9 30.7 60 6.7 29.0 If temperature characteristic of the thermistor is like that of SEMITEC 103AT-2, the resistance of Rx and Ry is tabulated for different TL and TH as below. (Note: TL is lower temperature limit and TH is upper temperature limit.) TABLE 4 Values of Rx and Ry at TL = 0°C TH (°C) Rx(KΩ) Ry (KΩ) 61 6.4 27.4 50 10.1 551.1 62 6.2 26.0 51 9.7 300.7 63 6.0 24.6 52 9.4 204.8 64 5.8 23.4 53 9.0 153.9 65 5.6 22.2 54 8.7 122.8 55 8.4 101.8 56 8.1 86.5 57 7.8 75.0 58 7.5 66.0 59 7.2 58.7 60 7.0 52.8 61 6.8 47.8 62 6.5 43.6 63 6.3 39.9 64 6.1 36.8 65 5.9 34.0 01/31/2008 Rev.1.00 Setting the ADJ Pin Voltage The slope of ∆T/∆t detection is determined by ADJ pin voltage of the SS6781B. The calculation of ADJ pin voltage is shown in the following procedure followed by an example. www.SiliconStandard.com 14 SS6781B Procedure 120 min. (0.67C) (a) First, determine the temperature protection limits TH and TL. Then, substitute TH & TL into the following equation: ∆V TS 0.72 V CC − 0. 29 V CC 0. 43 V CC = = ∆TBASE TH − TL TH − TL (b) Determine the safety timer to obtain the value of ∆tBASE . 56(sec.) ∆tBASE(sec.) = × Safety Timer (min .) 80(min .) 160 min. (0.5C) 200 min. (0.4C) 240 min. (0.33C) ∆T / ∆t S.T. VADJ = 30 × ∆VTS ∆T × × ∆tBASE ∆TBASE ∆t (a) Let TH=50°C, TL=0°C, VCC =5V. We have ∆VTS 0.43 × 5 = = 0.043V/° C ∆TBASE 50 − 0 which means that VTS decreases 43mV as temperature rises 1°C. (b) If safety timer is equal to 80 minutes, ∆tBASE is then 56 seconds. (c) If fast charge should be terminated when temperature rises 1°C in 60 seconds, then 1 ∆T/∆t = = 0.0166 60 (d) VADJ =30 x 0.043x 0.0166 x 56 = 1.2(V) If the temperature range is from 0°C to 50°C, the voltage of VADJ under different setting conditions should be set as tabulated below. TABLE 6 ADJ pin Voltage (TL=0°C, TH=50°C) S.T. 40 min. (2C) 80 min. (1C) 01/31/2008 Rev.1.00 0.75 1.0 1.25 (°C/min.) (°C/min.) (°C/min.) 0.45 0.90 0.60 1.20 2.25 3.01 3.76 120 min. (0.67C) 160 min. (0.5C) 200 min. (0.4C) 0.75 1.0 1.25 (°C/min.) (°C/min.) (°C/min.) 0.37 0.75 1.12 1.50 1.88 2.25 0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.01 0.62 1.25 1.88 2.50 3.13 3.76 VBT Range and Temperature Protection The acceptable voltage range of VBT pin and mode of temperature protection function is determined by the voltage of SEL3 pin, shown as the following: Example ∆T / ∆t 80 min. (1C) 240 min. (0.33C) (d) Calculate the value of VADJ 1.80 2.40 3.01 3.61 A similar table for temperature range from 0°C to 60°C is as below. TABLE 7 ADJ Pin Voltage (TL=0°C, TH=60°C) 40 min. (2C) (c) Determine the expected slope of ∆T / ∆t at which temperature rises y°C in x seconds and fast charge is subsequently cut off. ∆T y = ∆t x 1.35 1.80 2.25 2.70 0.75 1.50 (a) SEL3 > VCC - 0.3V Acceptable VBT Range: Before initial timer: 0.16V~2.7V After initial timer: 0.69V~2.7V Temperature Protection Mode: Entering charge-suspending mode when temperature is either too low or too high, same as abnormal battery voltage. Latch for charge-suspending function is provided for high temperature protection, but not for low temperature protection. (b) VCC - 1.4V> SEL3 > V cc + 0.4V 2 Acceptable VBT Range: Before initial timer: 0.16V~2.7V After initial timer: 0.69V~2.7V Temperature Protection Mode: If temperature is too high, battery charging is regarded as completed. If temperature is too www.SiliconStandard.com 15 SS6781B low, function of ∆T/∆t detection is disabled, just as thermistor is not existing. 120 100 V cc (c) - 0.4V>SEL3 >1.4V 2 RTIM (Kohm) 80 Acceptable VBT Range: Before initial timer: 0.16V~2V After initial timer: 1.2V~2V Temperature Protection Mode: Entering charge-suspending mode when temperature is either too low or too high, same as abnormal battery voltage. Latch for charge-suspending function is provided for high temperature protection, but not for low temperature protection. 60 40 20 0 0 Fig. 19 TABLE 8 600 800 1000 1200 1400 Safety Timer vs. RTMR RTMR (KΩ) OSC. Freq.(KHz) Safety timer (min.) 0.9 2.2 3.5 5.1 7.8 10.9 17.5 26.2 2100 1049.6 704 518.4 353.6 264 174.4 116.8 20 40 60 80 120 160 240 360 If temperature is too high, battery charging is regarded as completed. If temperature is too as thermistor is not existing. 400 Safety Timer (min.) (d) 0.3V> SEL3 Acceptable VBT Range: Before initial timer: 0.16V~2V After initial timer: 1.2V~2V Temperature Protection Mode: low, function of ∆T/∆t detection is disabled, just 200 Selecting Mode of Operation The SS6781B provides three modes of operation: normal, test, and AC mode determined by the Setting the Period of Safety Timer The SS6781B provides a method for linearly adjusting the period of safety timer with an external resistor connected from TMR pin to GND. The relation between safety timer length and the external resistor (RTMR) is shown in Fig. 19. The table following shows the resistor values for some of the commonly chosen safety timer periods. Also shown in the table are their corresponding oscillator frequencies. setting of MODE pin according to TABLE 9. The AIC1781B will operate normally when the MODE pin is left floating (a 0.1µF capacitor is recommended to be tied to MODE pin if the charge circuit works in a noisy environment). When the MODE pin is biased to GND, the function of -∆V detection is disabled. When the MODE pin is biased to VCC, the SS6781B enters the test mode. The test mode can be used to significantly reduce production test time. For relevant information please contact AIC directly. 01/31/2008 Rev.1.00 www.SiliconStandard.com 16 SS6781B TABLE 9 The Operating Mode of SS6781B MODE pin Mode VCC Test Floating AC Power ON Function Safety timer period scaled down to 1/512....etc. Normal Normal operation GND TYPE 2 –∆V detection disabled The Mode of LED Display and Trickle Charge The SS6781B provides two LED display modes and five-pulsed trickle charge modes. The tri-level inputs, SEL1 and SEL2 pins, as in the TABLE 6 determine the modes of LED display Fault Charge Fast Charging Completed Conditions LED1 1Hz ON OFF 4Hz Flashing LED2 1Hz 4Hz Flashing ON OFF Charging Current Control As shown in the typical application circuit, the SS6781B offers an open-drained output pin, ICON pin, to control the charging current flow in fast charge state and switch on to inhibit the charging and trickle charge. TABLE 10 Mode of LED Display and Trickle Charge current flow in fault conditions. When fast charge is completed, the SS6781B enters the trickle charge mode. In trickle charge mode, the ICON pin output SEL1 Trickle Charge LED Display Duty Mode SEL2 VCC VCC Floating GND N/A 1/32 1/64 Type 1 Type 1 Type 1 Floating VCC Floating GND 1/128 1/256 N/A Type 1 Type 1 Type 2 GND VCC Floating GND 1/32 1/64 1/128 Type 2 Type 2 Type 2 SS6781B provides two the table of trickle charge mode (TABLE 6), the duty cycle is determined by the setting of SEL1 and SEL2 pins. The following table summarizes how ICON pin corresponds to various charging states. Charge Power Fast Fault ON Charging Completed Conditions ICON ON OFF See pin 10 & 11 ON Test Mode Display the Battery Charging Status The switches with predetermined duty cycle. Refer to open-drained Fig. 20 shows the timing diagram for externally outputs, LED1 and LED2, to indicate the battery controlled PEAK, ADJ, VBT, VTS, SEL1 and charging status. Refer to the table of LED display SEL2 pin voltages of a recommended SS6781B mode (TABLE 10), depending on the setting of test scheme, utilizing TEST mode function. SEL1 and SEL2 pins, the outputs of LED1 and Output waveforms of LED1, LED2 and ICON of a LED2 pins are shown in the following table: properly functioning SS6781B are also shown in TYPE 1 the figure. Fast Power Charge Fault ON Charging Completed Conditions LED1 1Hz ON OFF OFF LED2 OFF OFF ON OFF 01/31/2008 Rev.1.00 www.SiliconStandard.com 17 SS6781B TIMING DIAGRAM Power ON VCC, SEL3, MODE=5V, RTMR=2.9kΩ, (DSW FREQ.=820KHz, 25 TIMES of 32.8K) Init. PEAK TIMER TEST PEAK ADJ -∆V DISABLE TEST -∆V TEST 5V SAFETY TIMER TEST ∆T/∆t TEST 0V 5V 1.12V 3V <2.1V (-0.15%) 2V 2V (-0.15%) 1.997V 2V 1.997V 1.95V VBT 1.9V 1.5V VTS 2V 1.997V 0V 2mV Step/100mS 1.993V (-0.35%) 4V 4V 4V 4V 2V 2V 2V 2V 1.97V 1.85V (-2.15%) OFF LED1 ON LED2 OFF (-2.5%) OFF OFF 2mV Step/100mS OFF ON ON 3.2KHz ON ON ON ON OFF ICON OFF OFF ON SEL1 SEL2 TIME Floating Floating VCC Floating 0.1 0.14 0.12 0.28 0.2 0.12 3 4 0.32 Floating GND 0.32 0.12 5 6 0.32 GND Floating 0.5 0.7 0.24 GND GND 0.4 2.14 8 9 Floating Floating 0.1 0.02 (SEC.) STAGE 1 2 0 0.14 0.26 0.54 0.74 0.86 1.18 Fig. 20 01/31/2008 Rev.1.00 1.5 7 1.62 1.94 2.64 3.14 3.38 3.78 10 5.92 6.02 6.04 Timing Diagram of SS6781B in Test Mode www.SiliconStandard.com 18 SS6781B PHYSICAL DIMENSIONS (unit: mm) DIP-16 E D S Y M B O L GAUGE PLANE DIP-16 MILLIMETERS MAX. MIN. 5.33 0.38 E1 A A1 eA A A2 eB b A D1 b2 A e c L A1 WITH PLATING BASE METAL 0.38 A2 2.92 4.95 b 0.36 0.56 b2 1.14 1.78 c 0.20 0.35 D 18.66 19.69 D1 0.13 E 7.62 E1 6.10 7.11 e 2.54 BSC eA 7.62 BSC eB SECTION A-A 8.26 L 10.92 2.92 3.81 Note: 1. Refer to JEDEC MS-001BB. 2. Dimension D does not include mold flash, protrusions or gate burrs. Mold flash , protrusions or gate burrs shall not exceed 10 mil per side 3. Dimension “D1” and “E1” do not include inter-lead flash or protrusions. 4. Controlling dimension is millimeter, converted inch dimensions are not necessarily exact. 01/31/2008 Rev.1.00 www.SiliconStandard.com 19 SS6781B SOP-16 (300 mil) D A h x 45° E e H S Y M B O L A SOP-16(300mil) MILLIMETERS MIN. MAX. A 2.35 2.65 A1 0.10 0.30 B 0.33 0.51 C 0.23 0.32 D 10.10 10.50 E 7.40 SEE VIEW B A1 A e B 0.25 C WITH PLATING 7.60 1.27 BSC H 10.00 h 0.25 0.50 L 0.40 1.27 0° 8° θ 10.65 BASE METAL SECTION A-A GAUGE PLANE SEATING PLANE VIEW B θ L Note: 1. Refer to JEDEC MS-013AA. 2. Dimension “D” does not include mold flash, protrusions or gate burrs. Mold flash, protrusion or gate burrs shall not exceed 6 mil per side. 3. Dimension “E” does not include inter-lead flash or protrusions. 4. Controlling dimension is millimeter, converted inch dimensions are not necessarily exact. Information furnished by Silicon Standard Corporation is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, Silicon Standard Corporation makes no guarantee or warranty, expressed or implied, as to the reliability, accuracy, timeliness or completeness of such information and assumes no responsibility for its use, or for infringement of any patent or other intellectual property rights of third parties that may result from its use. Silicon Standard reserves the right to make changes as it deems necessary to any products described herein for any reason, including without limitation enhancement in reliability, functionality or design. No license is granted, whether expressly or by implication, in relation to the use of any products described herein or to the use of any information provided herein, under any patent or other intellectual property rights of Silicon Standard Corporation or any third parties. 01/31/2008 Rev.1.00 www.SiliconStandard.com 20