SYNQOR NQ10W50PKA07QS3-G

Technical
S pecification
NQ10W50PKA07
12V in 0 . 7 - 5 . 0 V
Input
Outputs
7 Amp
Non
SMT
Current
Isolated
Sur face Mount Package
T he NiQ or ® m o d u l e i s a s u r f a c e m o u n t , D C / D C n o n - i s o l a t e d b u c k
r egu la tor , with a s in gle p ro gra mma b le ou tp ut vo lta ge. T he co nver ter
e mpl oy s a sy n ch ro no us rec tifica tion an d a dis co ntin u ou s mo de a t
Non-Isolated
l igh t l oa d s t o ac hie ve ex tr eme ly fas t t r a ns ien t r es p on se a nd high con ver s ion eff icien cy . Th e NiQ or fa mil y of co nver ters ar e us ed p r edo m in ately in DP A s ystems u sin g a fr on t end DC/DC h igh p o wer b r ick
(4 8Vi n t o lo w v ol t age b us ). Th e n on -is ol a te d NiQo r con v er t ers a r e
t h en u se d a t t h e p oi nt of lo ad t o cre at e t he l ow v ol ta ge ou t p ut s
r eq u ired b y t h e d es ign. T y pic al a pp li ca ti on s in cl ud e t el eco m/d at a c om, in du str ia l, med ica l , tr a ns po rta tion , da ta p ro ces si ng/s tor a ge
and test equipment. RoHS Compliant (see page 12 ).
NiQor NQ10W50PKA07
Operational Features
• Ultra high efficiency, up to 93% at full load current
• Delivers up to 7 Amps of output current with no derating up to 85C, 100LFM
• Input Voltage Range : 10.2 - 13.2V
• Fast transient response time
• Input voltage compensation gives excellent rejection of
input voltage ripple and input voltage transients
• On-board input (capacitive) filtering
• No minimum load requirement means no preload resistors required
• High accuracy output voltage regulation
• Discontinuous mode option offers extremely low dissipation at light loads
Mechanical Features
• Surface mount package
• Package size: 0.9” x 0.4” x 0.232”
• Total weight: 0.18 oz. (5.0 g), lower mass greatly
reduces vibration and shock problems
• Open frame construction maximizes air flow cooling
Contr ol Features
• On/Off control positive logic
• Output voltage trim permits custom voltages and voltage
margining
• Remote sense (+/- ) for output voltage compensation
due to output distribution drops
• External/Internal reference options
• Up/Down margining with digital input signals
Safety Features
• UL/cUL 60950-1 recognized (US & Canada)
• TUV certified to EN60950-1
• Meets 72/23/EEC and 93/68/EEC directives which
facilitates CE Marking in user’s end product
• Board and plastic components meet UL94V-0 flammability requirements
Pr otection Features
• Current limit foldback protects converter from excessive
load current or short circuits
Product # NQ10W50PKA07
Phone 1-888-567-9596
www.synqor.com
Doc.# 005-2NS2T5N Rev. B
6/12/07
Page 1
Input:
Outputs:
Current:
Package:
Technical Specification
MECHANICAL
DIAGRAM
10.2 - 13.2V
0.7 - 5.0V
7A
SMT
Surface Mount Package
Top View
Note 3
Note 4
Note 6
Note 7
Note 5
0.226 +0.006
(5.74 +0.15)
Bottom View
0.900
(22.86)
Side View
0.080
0.063
(2.03) Typ.
(1.60) Typ.
0.310
P1
P2
P3
(7.87)
P4
Bottomside
Clearance
0.155
0.020 +.009/-.001
(3.94)
0.400
(0.5 +.22/-.02)
P6
(10.16)
0.063
P11
P10
P9
P8
(1.60)
P7
0.195
(4.95)
0.045
(1.14)
0.385
(9.78)
0.575
(14.61)
0.770
(19.56)
SMT CONTACT CONNECTIONS
NOTES
1) SMT Contacts: Material - Brass
Finish - Gold over Nickel plate
2) Lead co-planarity Pins 1-10 = 0.004”max (0.10 mm)
3) Pin designator located on top side inductor label.
4) SynQor part number on two lines of text
5) Product Info: WWYY - Date code; RR - Revision; L - Manuf. code
6) Product serial number. Barcode format Datamatrix or Micro PDF417.
Barcode includes “S” for serial number prefix.
7) Product serial number, human readable text.
8) Undimensioned components are shown for visual reference only.
9) All dimensions in inches (mm)
Tolerances: x.xx +/-0.02 in. (x.x +/-0.5mm)
x.xxx +/-0.010 in. (x.xx +/-0.25mm)
10) Weight: 0.18 oz. (5 g) typical
11) Workmanship: Meets or exceeds IPC-A-610C Class II
Product # NQ10W50PKA07
Phone 1-888-567-9596
Pin No.
www.synqor.com
Name
Function
1
CTRL GND
Low Current Ground
2
OE
Output Enable (active high)
3
PWRGD
Power Good (active high)
4
PWR GND
Power (Vin & Vout) Ground
6
TRIMN
Margin Control (trim down)
7
VSET
Setpoint Voltage
8
VIN
Input Voltage
9
TRIMP
Margin Control (trim up)
10
VOUT
Output Voltage
11
VADJ
Feedback Voltage
Doc.# 005-2NS2T5N Rev. B
6/12/07
Page 2
Input:
Outputs:
Current:
Package:
Technical Specification
10.2 - 13.2V
0.7 - 5.0V
7A
SMT
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS - NQ10W50PKA07 Series
TA=25°C, airflow rate=300 LFM, Vin=12Vdc unless otherwise noted; full operating temperature range is -5°C to +85°C ambient temperature with appropriate power derating. Specifications subject to change without notice.
Parameter
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
Non-Operating Input Voltage
Operating Input Voltage
Operating Temperature
Storage Temperature
TRIMP and TRIMN pins
VSET pin
Voltage at OE (output enable) input pin
INPUT CHARACTERISTICS
Operating Input Voltage Range
Input Under-Voltage Lockout
Turn-On Voltage Threshold
Turn-Off Voltage Threshold
Maximum Input Current (100% Load, 10.2Vin)
“
“
“
“
“
“
“
No-Load Input Current (DCM Versions QS1, QS2 1)
No-Load Input Current (CCM Versions QS3, QS4 2)
“
“
“
“
“
“
“
Disabled Input Current
Inrush Current Transient Rating
Input Ripple Voltage (RMS)
“
“
“
“
“
“
“
Recommended Input Fuse for 0.9Vout
Recommended Input Fuse for 3.3Vout
Input Filter Capacitor Value
Recommended External Input Capacitance
OUTPUT CHARACTERISTICS
Output Voltage Set Point (QS1, QS4 versions)
Output Voltage Set Point (QS2, QS3 versions)
Output Voltage Regulation 3
Over Line
Over Load
Over Temperature
Total Output Voltage Range
Output Voltage Ripple and Noise
Peak-to-Peak
Operating Output Current Range
Output DC Current-Limit Threshold
Recommended Output Capacitance
Product # NQ10W50PKA07
Setpoint
Min.
Typ.
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
10.2
-5
-40
-0.3
-0.3
-0.3
12.0
All
10.2
All
All
0.7V
0.9V
1.2V
1.5V
1.8V
2.5V
3.3V
5.0V
All
0.7V
0.9V
1.2V
1.5V
1.8V
2.5V
3.3V
5.0V
All
All
0.7V
0.9V
1.2V
1.5V
1.8V
2.5V
3.3V
5.0V
All
All
All
All
Max.
Units
15
13.2
85
85
5.0
2.7
5
V
V
°C
°C
V
V
V
12
13.2
V
3.3
3.2
4.0
3.9
0.7
0.9
1.1
1.3
1.5
2.0
2.6
3.8
6
20
25
30
35
40
45
55
70
2.0
V
V
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
mA
mA
mA
mA
mA
mA
mA
mA
mA
mA
A 2s
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
A
A
µF
µF
4
14
16
19
22
25
31
37
46
0.5
0.02
0.027
0.032
0.036
0.020
0.013
0.022
0.028
0.037
1.0
3.0
22
22
All
All
+1.2
+0.7
%
%
All
All
All
All
+0.1
+0.2
+0.3
+1.8
%
%
%
%
All
All
All
All
Phone 1-888-567-9596
10
0
110
15
176
www.synqor.com
25
7
2000
mV
A
A
µF
Notes & Conditions
Continuous
Continuous
Consult factory for lower operating temperatures
ON/OFF control pin
See note 1 in page 5
At 25ºC. See note 2 in page 5
Including 22uF external input capacitor
With 22µF external cap; see Figures 14 & 17
Use fuse with minimal additional current rating
Use fuse with minimal additional current rating
Internal value
Ceramic
With 50% load, see trimming app note
With Vset=0.7V, 50% load, see trimming app note
See trimming and remote sensing app notes
Over sample, line, load, temperature & life
20MHz bandwidth, 110uF ceramic output cap.
Full Load. See note 4 in page 5
See note 3 in page 5
5% drop in Vout; see Figure 16
Nominal Vout at 7A resistive load
Doc.# 005-2NS2T5N Rev. B
6/12/07
Page 3
Input:
Outputs:
Current:
Package:
Technical Specification
10.2 - 13.2V
0.7 - 5.0V
7A
SMT
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) - NQ10W50PKA07 Series
Parameter
Setpoint
OUTPUT CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
Output Voltage Ripple and Noise
Peak-to-Peak
All
DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS
Input Voltage Ripple Rejection
5V
“
0.7V, 1,8V
“
All
Output Voltage during Load Current Transient
Step Change in Output Current
All
Settling Time
All
Turn-On Transient
Turn-On Time
0.7V-2.5V
“
3.3V
“
5.0V
EFFICIENCY
85% Load (6A)
0.7V
“
0.9V
“
1.2V
“
1.5V
“
1.8V
“
2.5V
“
3.3V
“
5.0V
28% Load (2A)
0.7V
“
0.9V
“
1.2V
“
1.5V
“
1.8V
“
2.5V
“
3.3V
“
5.0V
TEMP. LIMITS FOR POWER DERATING
Semiconductor Junction Temperature
All
Board Temperature
All
FEATURE CHARACTERISTICS
Switching Frequency
0.7V
“
5.0V
ON/OFF Control
Off-State Voltage
All
On-State Voltage
All
Transition Voltage
All
OE Pin Input Resistance
All
Output Over-Voltage Protection
All
External Reference Input (Versions QS2, QS3)
VSET Pin Voltage Range
All
Input Filter
All
Margining (Versions QS1, QS4)
Margin-Up Trimming
All
Margin-Down Trimming
All
TRIMN and TRIMP Pin Thresholds
All
PowerGood
Internal Pull-up Resistance
All
Internal Pull-up Voltage
All
Upper Threshold
All
Lower Threshold
All
Hysteresis
All
Low Voltage
All
Product # NQ10W50PKA07
Phone 1-888-567-9596
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Units
10
25
mV
-60
-80
-40
dB
dB
dB
dB
mV
µs
+100
20
2.2
2.7
3.3
3.5
3.9
4.4
4.7
5.0
5.5
77
81
84
86
87
90
92
94
81
83
84
86
87
89
91
93
340
660
395
740
0
2.0
1.1
0.7
4.5
-5.5
4.7
7
-13
°C
°C
Package rated to 150°C
UL rated max operating temp 130°C
450
830
kHz
kHz
See Figure 18 for other voltages
See Figure 18 for other voltages
1.0
5.0
1.9
V
V
V
V
%
0.8
1.0/1.0
1.0
5.0
-5.0
1.4
5.5
-4.5
www.synqor.com
120 Hz, see Figure 15
120 Hz, see Figure 15
Audio to 5 MHz; see Figure 15
See Figures 9 & 10
10% to 90% to 10% Iout max, 5A/uS or faster
To within 1.5% Vout nom
VSET=0.8V for QS2 or QS3
Full load, Vout=97% steady state level
Full load, Vout=97% steady state level
Full load, Vout=97% steady state level
125
125
130
100
5.0
10
-10
1.5
0.15
20MHz bandwidth, 110uF ceramic output cap.
Full Load. See note 4 in page 5
%
%
%
%
%
%
%
%
%
%
%
%
%
%
%
%
332
110
ms
ms
ms
Notes & Conditions
5.3
13
-7
3
0.4
V
kW/µF
%
%
V
kW
V
%
%
%
V
Applied at OE pin
Applied at OE pin
To ground only, no internal pull-up
Over full temp range; % of nominal Vout
Internal filter
Vout increase when pulling up TRIMP pin
Vout decrease when pulling up TRIMN pin
With 4mA sink current
Doc.# 005-2NS2T5N Rev. B
6/12/07
Page 4
Input:
Outputs:
Current:
Package:
Technical Specification
10.2 - 13.2V
0.7 - 5.0V
7A
SMT
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) - NQ10W50PKA07 Series
Parameter
Setpoint
Min.
All
All
5.0V
1.8V
All
All
0.7
FEATURE CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
Trimming and Remote Sense
Output Voltage Trim Range
Output Voltage Remote Sense Range
Remote Sense Accuracy
“
Thevenin Resistance
Thevenin Voltage
RELIABILITY CHARACTERISTICS
Calculated MTBF (Telcordia)
Calculated MTBF (MIL-217)
Demonstrated MTBF
5.0Vout
5.0Vout
5.0Vout
Typ.
Max.
Units
5.25
+5
V
%
%
%
94
98
990
Vout/101
W
V
Notes & Conditions
Measured across pins 10 & 4
Measured across pins 10 & 4, less setpoint voltage
Percentage of voltage drop compensated
Percentage of voltage drop compensated
At VADJ pin with no external resistance
At VADJ pin with no external resistance
106 Hrs. TR-NWT-000332; 100% load, 300LFM, 40oC Ta
106 Hrs. MIL-HDBK-217F; 100% load, 300LFM, 40oC Ta
106 Hrs. Field demonstrated MTBF
21.5
12.4
1.0
STANDARDS COMPLIANCE
Parameter
Notes
STANDARDS COMPLIANCE
UL/cUL 60950-1
EN60950-1
72/23/EEC
93/68/EEC
Needle Flame Test (IEC 695-2-2)
IEC 61000-4-2
GR-1089-CORE
Telcordia (Bellcore) GR-513
File # E194341
Certified by TUV
Test on entire assembly; board & plastic components UL94V-0 compliant
ESD test, 8kV - NP, 15kV air - NP (Normal Performance)
Section 7 - electrical safety, Section 9 - bonding/grounding
• An external input fuse must always be used to meet these safety requirements.
QUALIFICATION TESTING
Parameter
QUALIFICATION TESTING
Life Test
Vibration
Mechanical Shock
Temperature Cycling
Power/Thermal Cycling
Design Marginality
Humidity
Solderability
# Units
32
5
5
10
5
5
5
15 pins
Test Conditions
95% rated Vin and load, units at derating point, 1000 hours
10-55Hz sweep, 0.060” total excursion,1 min./sweep, 120 sweeps for 3 axis
100g minimum, 2 drops in x and y axis, 1 drop in z axis
-40°C to 100°C, unit temp. ramp 15°C/min., 500 cycles
Toperating = min to max, Vin = min to max, full load, 100 cycles
Tmin-10°C to Tmax+10°C, 5°C steps, Vin = min to max, 0-105% load
85°C, 85% RH, 1000 hours, 2 minutes on and 6 hours off
MIL-STD-883, method 2003
• Extensive characterization testing of all SynQor products and manufacturing processes is performed to ensure that we supply
robust, reliable product. Contact the factory for more information about Proof of Design and Proof of Manufacturing processes.
Note 1: DCM = Discontinuous Conduction Mode - see application notes.
Note 2: CCM = Continuous Conduction Mode - see application notes.
Note 3: QS1 and QS2 versions at no load (up to 50mA) may have a higher Vout error of up to +1.5% associated with deep discontinuous mode operation.
Note 4: The user will see higher output ripple at light loads (< 4A @ 5V, <1.5A @ 0.9V) on the discontinuous conduction mode versions. To reduce output ripple,
increase output capacitance or use continuous conduction mode version.
OPTIONS
PATENTS
SynQor provides various options for Packaging, Mounting,
Optional Functions and Current Sharing for this family of DC/DC
converters. Please consult the last page of this specification sheet for
information on available options.
SynQor is protected under various patents. Please consult the last
page for further information.
Product # NQ10W50PKA07
Phone 1-888-567-9596
www.synqor.com
Doc.# 005-2NS2T5N Rev. B
6/12/07
Page 5
Input:
Outputs:
Current:
Package:
100
100
95
95
90
90
85
85
Efficiency (%)
Efficiency (%)
Technical Specification
80
5.0V
3.3V
2.5V
1.8V
1.5V
1.2V
0.9V
0.7V
75
70
65
80
5.0V
3.3V
2.5V
1.8V
1.5V
1.2V
0.9V
0.7V
75
70
65
60
60
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
0
1
2
Load Current (A)
3
4
5
6
7
Load Current (A)
Figure 1: Efficiency at 12Vin and nominal output voltage vs. load current for CCM modules at 25°C (see Continuous vs Discontinuous
Conduction app note).
Figure 2: Efficiency at 12Vin and nominal output voltage vs. load current for DCM modules at 25°C (see Continuous vs Discontinuous
Conduction app note).
2.50
2.50
5.0V
3.3V
2.5V
1.8V
1.5V
1.2V
0.9V
0.7V
2.00
1.75
1.50
5.0V
3.3V
2.5V
1.8V
1.5V
1.2V
0.9V
0.7V
2.25
2.00
Power Dissipation (W)
2.25
Power Dissipation (W)
10.2 - 13.2V
0.7 - 5.0V
7A
SMT
1.25
1.00
0.75
1.75
1.50
1.25
1.00
0.75
0.50
0.50
0.25
0.25
0.00
0.00
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
0
Load Current (A)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Load Current (A)
Figure 3: Power dissipation at 12Vin and nominal output voltage vs.
load current for CCM modules at 25°C (see Continuous vs
Discontinuous Conduction app note).
Figure 4: Power dissipation at 12Vin and nominal output voltage vs.
load current for DCM modules at 25°C (see Continuous vs
Discontinuous Conduction app note).
8
Iout (A)
7
6
400 LFM (2.0 m/s)
300 LFM (1.5 m/s)
5
200 LFM (1.0 m/s)
100 LFM (0.5 m/s)
Semiconductor junction temperature is
within 1°C of surface temperature
4
0
25
40
55
70
85
Ambient Air Temperature (°C)
Figure 5: Maximum output power derating curves vs. ambient air temp
for all output voltages at 12Vin. Airflow rates of 100 - 400 LFM with
air flowing across the converter from pin 1 to 11..
Product # NQ10W50PKA07
Phone 1-888-567-9596
Figure 6: Thermal plot of 0.9Vo converter at 12.0Vin with 7 amp load
current and 55°C. Air is flowing across the converter from pin 1 to 11
at 200 LFM.
www.synqor.com
Doc.# 005-2NS2T5N Rev. B
6/12/07
Page 6
Input:
Outputs:
Current:
Package:
Technical Specification
10.2 - 13.2V
0.7 - 5.0V
7A
SMT
Semiconductor junction temperature is
within 1°C of surface temperature
Semiconductor junction temperature is
within 1°C of surface temperature
Figure 7: Thermal plot of 2.5Vo converter at 12.0Vin with 7 amp load
current and 55°C. Air is flowing across the converter from pin 1 to 11
at 200 LFM.
Figure 8: Thermal plot of 5.0Vo converter at 12.0Vin with 7 amp load
current and 55°C. Air is flowing across the converter from pin 1 to 11
at 200 LFM.
5.0Vout
5.0Vout
2.5Vout
2.5Vout
1.2Vout
1.2Vout
0.7Vout
0.7Vout
Figure 9: DCM (QS1 & QS2) output voltage response at 12.0Vin to step-
Figure 10: CCM (QS3 & QS4) output voltage response at 12.0Vin to step-
change in load current (10% to 90% of Iout max; di/dt=20A/µ s; 50µ s/div).
Load cap: 376µ F ceramic. Top: Vout (100mV/div), Bottom: Iout (5A/div).
change in load current (10% to 90% of Iout max; di/dt=20A/µ s; 50µ s/div).
Load cap: 376µ F ceramic. Top: Vout (100mV/div), Bottom: Iout (5A/div).
5.0Vout
5.0Vout
3.3Vout
3.3Vout
2.5Vout
2.5Vout
1.8Vout
1.8Vout
1.5Vout
1.2Vout
1.0Vout
1.5Vout
1.2Vout
1.0Vout
0.7Vout
0.7Vout
Figure 11: DCM (QS1 & QS2) turn-on transient at 12Vin and full load
(resistive load) with 370uF of output cap (1V/div, 1mS/div), top traces
are OE pin (first to rise) and PWRGOOD (rising later), both at 5V div.
Product # NQ10W50PKA07
Phone 1-888-567-9596
Figure 12: CCM (QS3 & QS4) turn-on transient at 12Vin and full load
(resistive load) with 370uF of output cap (1V/div, 1mS/div), top traces
are OE pin (first to rise) and PWRGOOD (rising later), both at 5V div.
www.synqor.com
Doc.# 005-2NS2T5N Rev. B
6/12/07
Page 7
Input:
Outputs:
Current:
Package:
Technical Specification
5.0Vout
5.0Vout
3.3Vout
3.3Vout
2.5Vout
2.5Vout
1.8Vout
1.8Vout
1.5Vout
1.5Vout
1.2Vout
1.2Vout
0.9Vout
0.9Vout
0.7Vout
10.2 - 13.2V
0.7 - 5.0V
7A
SMT
0.7Vout
Figure 13: Output Voltage Ripple at 12V input voltage and rated load
current (10 mV/div). Load capacitance: 5 ceramic 22µ F capacitors.
Bandwidth: 20 MHz. See Figure 17.
Figure 14: Input Voltage Ripple across 22uF external input capacitor at
12V input voltage and rated load current (200 mV/div). Load capacitance: 5 ceramic 22µ F capacitors. Bandwidth: 20 MHz. See Figure 17.
0
1.1
-20
-30
-40
-50
-60
-70
0.7 Vout
-80
Normalized Output Voltage (V)
Forward Transmission (dB)
-10
1.8 Vout
-90
0.9
0.8
0.7
0.7 Vout
0.9 Vout
1.8 Vout
5.0 Vout
0.6
5.0 Vout
0.5
-100
1.E+02
1.0
1.E+03
1.E+04
1.E+05
1.E+06
1.E+07
0
1.E+08
4
8
Hz
12
16
20
Load Current (A)
Figure 15: Magnitude of incremental forward transmission (FT =
vout/vin) for minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at full
rated power.
Figure 16: Output voltage vs. load current showing typical current limit
curves and converter shutdown points.
900
800
Frequency (Khz)
700
600
500
400
300
200
85ºC
100
25ºC
0
.7V
.9V
1V
1.2V
1.5V
1.8V
2.5V
3.3V
5V
Output Voltage (V)
Figure 17: External cap shown for transient response measurements. Not
shown are PWRGOOD output and digital inputs OE, TRIMN and TRIMP. I/O
pin arrangement not intended to match positions on the converter.
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Figure 18: Typical Switching Frequency vs Output Voltage, 12Vin, Full
Rated Load Current.
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Doc.# 005-2NS2T5N Rev. B
6/12/07
Page 8
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Technical Specification
10.2 - 13.2V
0.7 - 5.0V
7A
SMT
Figure 19: Load current (10A/div) as a function of time (500uS/div) when
attempting to turn on into a 10 mW short circuit. *-Output voltage setpoint
is trimmed to 5.25V for the top trace and 0.7V for the bottom trace.
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Doc.# 005-2NS2T5N Rev. B
6/12/07
Page 9
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Technical Specification
BASIC OPERATION AND FEATURES
The NiQor series non-isolated converter uses a buck converter
that keeps the output voltage constant over variations in line,
load, and temperature. The NiQor modules employ synchronous
rectification for very high efficiency.
Dissipation throughout the converter is so low that it does not
require a heatsink or metal baseplate for operation. The NiQor
converter can thus be built more simply and reliably using high
yield surface mount techniques on a single PCB substrate.
CONTROL FEATURES
Remote ON/OFF (OE, pin 2): The OE (output enable) input,
pin 2, permits the user to control when the converter is on or off.
The OE pin connects directly to the enable pin of the PWM chip
and must be pulled high to turn the converter on (see the specification pages for on/off logic thresholds). The converter has an
internal 332K resistor from this pin to CTRL GND (pin 1).
PROTECTION FEATURES
Input Under-Voltage Lockout: The converter is designed to
turn off when the input voltage is too low. When the input voltage
is rising, it must exceed the typical Turn-On Voltage Threshold
value (listed on the specification pages) before the converter will
turn on. Once the converter is on, the input voltage must fall
below the typical Turn-Off Voltage Threshold value before the converter will turn off.
Output Current Limiting: This converter employs foldback current limiting. A typical output voltage-current curve is shown in
Figure 16 in the Performance Curves section. At room temperature current limit is reached at about 170% of rated current.
Loads in excess of that limit will cause the output to droop. If the
load is sufficient to pull the output down to approximately 50% of
its nominal setpoint, the output current will begin to foldback. If
the load continues to increase, the output current will decrease linearly to about 30% of the rated current at zero Vout. While operating into this dead short condition the unit will deliver 2-3A indefinitely reducing stress and ensuring prolonged short-circuits will
not overheat the converter.
Since there is no "hiccup mode" to the current-limit operation,
there is also no concern with operation or startup into large
capacitive loads. The voltage may rise slowly while charging the
output capacitance, but it will rise.
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10.2 - 13.2V
0.7 - 5.0V
7A
SMT
There are also no problems starting into a load that has a resistive V-I curve. As long as the load draws less than the current limit
value at 1/2 of the unit's setpoint voltage, proper startup is
ensured.
Because the current limit tolerance is rather large, a fuse is recommended in series with the input source of each unit. The rating of the fuse should be above but as close as possible to the
maximum input current specified on the specification pages.
These maximum input currents account for full load conditions,
maximum ambient temperature, and minimum input voltage. The
curves for power dissipation vs load current may be used to estimate the reduction of input current at lighter load conditions.
APPLICATION CONSIDERATIONS
Input Over-Voltage Prevention: The power system designer
must take precautions to prevent damaging the NiQor converters
by input overvoltage. This is another reason to be careful about
damping the input filter so that no ringing occurs from an underdamped filter. The voltage must be prevented from exceeding the
absolute maximum voltage indicated in the Electrical
Specifications section of the data sheet under all conditions of
turn-on, turn-off and load transients and fault conditions. The
power source should have an over voltage shutdown threshold as
close as reasonably possible to the operating point.
External Output Capacitance: This converter is designed to
operate with all-ceramic output capacitance. Although additional bulk output capacitance of other types may be found to
improve performance, the output capacitance recommendations
are generally based on low-ESR ceramic capacitors. A minimum
of 110uF of ceramic capacitance should be placed as close as
possible to the converter and preferably mounted directly under
the converter on the opposite side of the converter with VOUT and
PWR GND planes used to minimize the inductance of this connection. In order to maintain the desired capacitance up to higher output voltages, 5 22uF/1210 capacitors are recommended.
To achieve the transient response specifications, 376uF is recommended. When operating the QS1 or QS2 version at light loads
(see CCM vs DCM section), even more capacitance may be
desired to reduce the output ripple voltage. Due to the low-frequency content of the discontinuous mode output voltage ripple,
tantalum or polymer type capacitors may also be useful in reducing this ripple. In general, more capacitance is needed, particularly at high voltages, when using 100uF 1210 6.3V capacitors
or other low voltage X5R capacitors which can similarly drop to
1/3 of their nominal value at a bias voltage of 5V.
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Doc.# 005-2NS2T5N Rev. B
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Continuous vs Discontinuous Conduction Modes: Table 1
summarizes the difference among the converter versions.
Referring to the last 3 digits of the part number, the QS1 and QS2
versions are configured to enable discontinuous conduction mode
(DCM) operation at light loads, whereas the QS3 and QS4 versions force continuous conduction mode (CCM) operation. Table
2 shows the typical load current corresponding to the boundary
for light-load discontinuous operation.
Version
Vref
Light-Load Operating Mode
QS1
0.7V
Discontinuous (DCM) Enabled
QS2
VSET pin
Discontinuous (DCM) Enabled
QS3
VSET pin
Forced Continuous (CCM)
QS4
0.6V
Forced Continuous (CCM)
Table 1: Version differences
Following are the main performance differences between the two
versions:
1) Current-sinking: A DCM version (QS1, QS2) will not sink current if its output is backdriven, whereas a CCM version will sink
current as needed to regulate its output voltage, though such negative current might be limited to a few amps but may exceed
10Amps. Since this is not a normal operating condition, the negative current limit is not specified.
2) Light-load input power: The main advantage of DCM operation is lower input current at light loads, down to only about 4 milliamps with no-load (for all input/output voltage conditions). The
efficiency improvement of the DCM version only becomes evident
as the load is reduced below 1.5A for a 5.0V output. This threshold gradually falls to about 1 Amp at 2.5V and 0.75A at 0.7V,
as shown in Table 2 below.
3) Light-load output ripple: The output ripple of the DCM version
has a higher amplitude, as well as a significant amount of low-frequency content at light loads (as low as 200Hz for 0.7Vout at noload). With the same output capacitance, peak-to-peak output
voltage ripple at light-loads may be 3 to 10 times as large for
DCM as for the CCM version. At heavier loads, all versions operate in continuous conduction and have very low output voltage
ripple.
4) Transient response: The CCM version has a better response to
dynamic loads. The output voltage deviation, while excellent on
both versions, is about 20% lower on the CCM version. With a
falling load step, a longer settling time may also be noticeable,
especially when stepping into very light loads, as there is no current sinking capability to quickly reduce the output voltage from
its peak deviation.
5) No-Load Regulation: When operating in discontinuous mode
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10.2 - 13.2V
0.7 - 5.0V
7A
SMT
with extremely light loads (<50mA), the output voltage may rise
by 1 to 2% beyond the specified tolerance.
Output Voltage Boundary Current Efficiency Advantage
Setpoint
for Output Ripple
Boundary Current
0.7V - 1.8V
2.0 Amps
0.75Amps
2.5V
2.2 Amps
1.0 Amps
3.3V
2.4 Amps
1.2 Amps
5.0V
2.6 Amps
1.5 Amps
Table 2: Boundary currents below which DCM operation
increases ripple and improves efficiency
Setting Output Voltage (VADJ, pin 11): This converter is a
wide-output module and requires external resistors R1 and R2 (see
Figure 17) to set the output voltage. The output voltage is set by
the ratio between R1 and R2 in parallel with an internal 100K
resistor as follows:
Vout = Vref * [1 + (R2 || 100K) / R1]
where Vref is given in Table 1 above. In terms of the top resistor
R2, the trim equation is:
R2 =
(Vout - Vref) * R1 * 100K
Vref * (R1 + 100K) - Vout * R1
The recommended value for bottom resistor R 1 is 1.0K.
Significantly larger values of R1 will degrade the DC accuracy of
the remote sensing, particularly with high output voltages where
the trim resistor R2 becomes comparable to the internal 100K parallel resistor. If remote sensing is not used, larger values of R1 up
to 5.0K may be used.
(Vout - Vref) * 100
With R1=1K
R2 (in kohm) =
101 * Vref - Vout
Total DC Variation of Vout: For the converter to meet its specifications, the maximum variation of the DC value of the converter output voltage, due to voltage adjustment, margining, and
remote load voltage drops, should not be greater than that specified for the output voltage trim range.
Differential Remote Sense: Using the differential remote
sense feature, the converter can be configured to adjust its output
voltage up to compensate for resistive drops between the converter and the load. Differential remote sensing is achieved by a
Kelvin connection of the top trim resistor R2 (see Figure 17) and
the CTRL GND pin respectively to the Vout and common rails at
the desired remote location. The other end of R2 connects to the
VADJ pin, and the bottom trim resistor R1 connects between the
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6/12/07
Page 11
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10.2 - 13.2V
0.7 - 5.0V
7A
SMT
VADJ and CTRL GND pins. The R1 connection should be between
the pin and the point where the CTRL GND and PWR GND nodes
meet. In cases where the output voltage is not trimmed above the
reference voltage (R2 < 50 W), it should be noted that the trim connection would be substantially used for high-frequency feedback
as well as DC sensing, so the feedback loop would see any filtering network including parasitic inductance between the output
pins and the remote sense point.
RoHS Compliance: The EU led RoHS (Restriction of Hazardous
Substances) Directive bans the use of Lead, Cadmium, Hexavalent
Chromium, Mercury, Polybrominated Biphenyls (PBB), and
Polybrominated Diphenyl Ether (PBDE) in Electrical and Electronic
Equipment. This SynQor product is available as 6/6 RoHS compliant. For more information please refer to SynQor’s RoHS
addendum available at our RoHS Compliance / Lead Free
Initiative web page or e-mail us at [email protected].
When using the remote sensing to compensate for a substantial
voltage drop on the VOUT rail between converter and load (i.e.,
more than 1% of output voltage), the load voltage accuracy can
be impacted by the internal 100K resistor between the VOUT and
VADJ pins, especially at higher output voltage trim settings, where
the trimming resistor R2 connected to the remote sense load starts
to become a significant fraction of the 100K resistor. The following equation for the load voltage adjusts for this effect:
SURFACE MOUNT INFORMATION
Vload = Vref * [1 + (R2 || 100K) / R1] - Vdrop * [R2 / (R2 + 100K)]
Where Vdrop is the difference between the output voltage at the
converter pin and the load voltage (both measured with respect
to the CTRL GND pin.)
Internal vs External Reference: The QS1 version uses an
internal reference to maintain 0.7V at the VADJ pin during normal
steady-state operating conditions. The QS4 also uses an internal
reference, but maintains 0.6V at the VADJ pin. The QS2 and the
QS3 are configured to use an external reference voltage applied
at the VSET pin. The converter will maintain this voltage, which
may be between 0.7V and 1.0V, at the VADJ pin during normal
steady-state operating conditions. Under no conditions should the
VSET pin be driven above the absolute maximum voltage of 2.7V.
Margining: With the QS1 and QS4 versions, the converter output voltage can be margined up or down by 5% by applying a
logic-high voltage to the TRIMP and TRIMN pins. The table below
summarizes the margining operation. There is an internal 50K
resistor to ground at each of these pins. The logic threshold is
about 1.4V, and the pins should be driven no higher than 5V.
When using the QS2 or QS3 versions, the TRIMP and TRIMN pins
should be connected to the CTRL GND pin.
TRIMP pin
Low/Open
High
Low/Open
High
Product # NQ10W50PKA07
TRIMN pin
Low/Open
Low/Open
High
High
Mode
No Margining
+5%
-5%
No Margining
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PCB Layout Considerations: SynQor recommends that the
customer use a non-solder mask defined pad design. The minimum recommended pad size is 0.074" x 0.122" (1.88mm x
3.1mm) and the maximum pad size is 0.095" x 0.140" (2.41mm
x 3.56mm), see the mechanical diagram on page 2.
Interconnection to internal power planes is typically required.
This can be accomplished by placing a number of vias between
the SMT pad and the relevant plane. The number and location of
the vias should be determined based on electrical resistance, current and thermal requirements. "Via-in-pad" design should be
avoided in the SMT pads. Solder mask should be used to eliminate solder wicking into the vias.
Pick and Place: The NiQor surface mount modules are
designed for automated assembly using standard SMT pick and
place equipment. The modules have a centrally located inductor
component with a flat surface area to be used for component
pick-up. The units use open frame construction and have a low
mass that is within the capability of standard pick and place
equipment. Those modules however have a larger mass than
most conventional SMT components and so variables such as nozzle size, tip style, handling speed, and placement pressure should
be optimized for best results. A conformal tipped placement nozzle design is recommended. Coplanarity of better than 0.004"
(0.1mm) is achieved through the SMT NiQor's terminal design.
Reflow Soldering Guidelines: Figure J shows a typical
reflow profile for a eutectic solder process. Due to variations in
customer applications, materials and processes, it is not feasible
for SynQor to recommend a specific reflow profile. The customer
should use this profile as a guideline only. Since the NiQor surface mount modules have a larger thermal mass and lower thermal resistance than standard SMT components, it may be necessary to optimize the solder reflow profile based on limitations of
the other components on the customer board. Sufficient reflow
time must be allowed to fuse the plating on the connection to
ensure a reliable solder joint. The solder reflow profile should be
confirmed by accurately measuring the SMT interconnect leads.
The guidelines illustrated in Figure J must be observed to ensure
the maximum case temperature of 260°C (exposure for 5 seconds
or less) is not exceeded for the NiQor units.
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Doc.# 005-2NS2T5N Rev. B
6/12/07
Page 12
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Technical Specification
Lead-Free Soldering: These NiQor surface
mount modules are manufactured with lead free
solder and PCB finish and meet the conditions
for Lead-Free Class 3 status. Users who wish to
assemble the modules in a Lead-Free solder
process may require peak reflow temperatures
exceeding 240°C. The maximum allowable
case temperature of the surface mount NiQor
modules is 260°C for no greater than 5 seconds.
10.2 - 13.2V
0.7 - 5.0V
7A
SMT
Maximum Temperature (+210-260oC)
Eutectic Solder Melting Point (+183oC)
(+150-155oC)
Pre-heat
Moisture Sensitivity: These NiQor surface
mount modules have an MSL rating 1 per
IPC/JEDEC J-STD-033A.
•
Reflow
Soak
o
< 2.5 C/sec
Cool Down
•
0.5-0.6oC/sec
•
1.3-1.6oC/sec
•
60 to 90 sec.,
typ., 2 min max
•
30 to 60 sec., typ.,
90 sec max
Cleaning and Drying: When possible, a no2 to 4 min.
clean solder paste system should be used to solder the NiQor SMT units to their application
board. The modules are suitable for aqueous
washing, however, the user must ensure suffi- Figure J: Typical Eutectic (96.5Sn/3.0Ag/0.5Cu) Solder Profile
cient drying to remove all water from the converter before powering up. Inadequate cleaning and drying can
affect the reliability of the converter and the testing of the final
assembly.
Tape & Reel Packaging: The NiQor SMT modules are supplied in tape and reel packaging in quantities of 300 units per
reel. Packaging conforms to EIA-481 standards. Tape and reel
dimensions are shown in the diagram below.
330 mm (13”)
diameter reel
Leader: 400 mm min.
thermally
sealed
cover tape
carrier
tape
Direction of feed
16 mm
Trailer:
160 mm min.
44 mm
Pin 1 location
Reel View
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Tape View
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Doc.# 005-2NS2T5N Rev. B
6/12/07
Page 13
Input:
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Current:
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Technical Specification
10.2 - 13.2V
0.7 - 5.0V
7A
SMT
PART NUMBERING SYSTEM
ORDERING INFORMATION
The part numbering system for SynQor’s NiQor DC/DC converters follows the format shown in the example below.
The tables below show the valid model numbers and ordering
options for converters in this product family. When ordering
SynQor converters, please ensure that you use the complete
15 character part number consisting of the 12 character base
part number, the next 3 characters for options. A “-G” suffix
indicates the product is 6/6 RoHS compliant.
NQ 10 W50 P K A 07 Q S 1
Options (see
Ordering Information)
Model Number
Input Voltage
NQ10W50p KA07xyz -G
10.2 - 13.2V
Output Current
Thermal Design
Max Output
Current
7.0 A
The following option choices must be included in place of the
x & z spaces in the model numbers listed above.
Performance Level
Packaging
Output
Voltage
0.7-5.0V
(see Ordering Information)
Options Description: x y z
Packaging: p
Output Voltage
Packaging
Enable Logic
Input Voltage
Product Family
The first 12 characters comprise the base part number and the
next 3 characters indicate available options. A “-G” suffix
indicates the product is 6/6 RoHS compliant.
P - 0.4"x0.9"
Surface Mount
Q - Positive
Pin
Style
Feature Set
1 - Internal 0.7V Reference &
Margining (DCM version)
2 - External Reference & Variable
Margining (DCM version)
S - SMT
3 - External Reference & Variable
Margining (CCM version)
4 - Internal 0.6V Reference &
Variable Margining (CCM version)
Application Notes
A variety of application notes and technical white papers can
be downloaded in pdf format from our website.
PATENTS (additional patent applications may be filed)
SynQor holds the following patents, one or more of which might apply to this product:
5,999,417
6,594,159
6,927,987
6,222,742
6,731,520
7,050,309
6,545,890
6,894,468
7,072,190
6,577,109
6,896,526
7,085,146
Contact SynQor for further information:
Phone:
Toll Free:
Fax:
E-mail:
Web:
Address:
Product # NQ10W50PKA07
978-849-0600
888-567-9596
978-849-0602
[email protected]
www.synqor.com
155 Swanson Road
Boxborough, MA 01719
USA
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Warranty
SynQor offers a three (3) year limited warranty. Complete warranty
information is listed on our website or is available upon request from
SynQor.
Information furnished by SynQor is believed to be accurate and reliable.
However, no responsibility is assumed by SynQor for its use, nor for any
infringements of patents or other rights of third parties which may result
from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any
patent or patent rights of SynQor.
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Doc.# 005-2NS2T5N Rev. B
6/12/07
Page 14