DF6808
8-bit FAST Microcontrollers Family
ver 1.04
OVERVIEW
Document contains brief description of
DF6808 core functionality. The DF6808 is a
advanced 8-bit MCU IP Core with highly sophisticated, on chip peripheral capabilities.
DF6808 soft core is binary-compatible with the
industry standard 68HC08 8-bit microcontroller and can achieve a performance 45-100
million instructions per second. There are
two configurations of DF6808: Harvard where
data and program buses are separated, and
von Neumann with common program and
data bus DF6808 has FAST architecture that
is 3.2 times faster compared to original implementation. Core in standard configuration
has integrated on chip major peripheral function.
The DF6808 Microcontroller Core contains
full-duplex UART (Asynchronous serial communications interface (SCI), and Synchronous
Serial Peripheral Interface SPI.
The main 16-bit, free-running timer system
has implemented two input capture lines and
two output-compare lines.
Self-monitoring circuitry is included on-chip to
protect against system errors. A computer
operating properly (COP) watchdog system
protects against software failures. An illegal
opcode detection circuit provides a nonmaskable interrupt if illegal opcode is detected.
Two software-controlled power-saving modes,
WAIT and STOP, are available to conserve
additional power. These modes make the
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DF6808 IP Core especially attractive for
automotive and battery-driven applications.
DF6808 is fully customizable, which means
it is delivered in the exact configuration to
meet users requirements. There is no need to
pay extra for not used features and wasted
silicon. It includes fully automated testbench
with complete set of tests allowing easy
package validation at each stage of SoC design flow.
CPU FEATURES
● FAST architecture, 3.2 times faster than
the original implementation
● Software compatible with industry standard
68HC08
● Configurable Harvard or Von Neumann
architectures
● 64 bytes of System Function Registers
space (SFRs)
● Up to 64 k bytes of Program Memory
● Up to 64k bytes of Data Memory
● De-multiplexed Address/Data Bus to allow
easy connection to memory
● Two power saving modes: STOP, WAI
● Ready pin allows Core to operate with slow
program and data memories
● Fully synthesizable, static synchronous
design with no internal tri-states
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● No internal reset generator or gated clock
○ Dedicated Interrupt vector for each interrupt
source
● Scan test ready
● Technology independent HDL source code
● Main16-bit timer/counter system
○ 16 bit free running counter
● Core can be fully customized
● 800 MHz virtual clock frequency compared
to original implementation
○ Timer clocked by internal source
● 16-bit Compare/Capture Unit
○ Two independent input-capture functions
DESIGN FEATURES
♦
ONE GLOBAL SYSTEM CLOCK
♦
SYNCHRONOUS RESET
♦
ALL ASYNCHRONOUS INPUT SIGNALS ARE
○ Two output-compare channels
○ Events capturing
○ Pulses generation
○ Digital signals generation
○ Gated timers
SYNCHRONIZED BEFORE INTERNAL USE
9 DATA MEMORY:
The DF6808 can address up to 64K
bytes of Data Memory. The lowest 64
Bytes is reserved for Special Function Registers area. Data Memory can be implemented as synchronous or asynchronous
RAM
9 SYSTEM FUNCTION REGISTERS:
Up to 64 System Function Registers(SFRs) may be implemented in the
DF6808 design.
9 PROGRAM MEMORY:
Up to 64kB of Program Memory may be
implemented to the DF6808 design. Program Memory can be implemented as synchronous or asynchronous ROM.
9
○ Pulse width modulation
○ Pulse width measuring
●
SPI – Master and Slave Serial Peripheral
Interface
○ Supports speeds up ¼ of system clock
○ Software selectable polarity and phase of se-
rial clock SCK
○ System errors detection
○ Allows operation from a wide range of system
clock frequencies (build-in 5-bit timer)
○ Interrupt generation
● Full-duplex UART - SCI
○ Standard Nonreturn to Zero format (NRZ)
○ 8 or 9 bit data transfer
ALL CORE IS DESIGNED AS SYNCHRONOUS
○ Integrated baud rate generator
LOGIC WITHOUT ANY MICROCODE.
○ Noise, Overrun and Framing error detection
PERIPHERALS
The peripherals listed below are implemented
in standard configuration of DF6808.
●
○ Sophisticated comparator
DoCD
TM
○ IDLE and BREAK characters generation
○ Wake-up block to recognize UART wake-up
from IDLE condition
○ Three SCI related interrupts
on Chip Debugger
○ Processor execution control
○ Read, write all processor contents
○ Hardware execution breakpoints
○ Three wire communication interface
● Four 8-bit I/O Ports
● Interrupt Controller
○ 7 interrupt sources
○ 7 priority levels
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Copyright 1999-2007 DCD – Digital Core Design. All Rights Reserved.
DELIVERABLES
♦
♦
♦
♦
♦
♦
Source code:
◊ VHDL Source Code or/and
◊ VERILOG Source Code or/and
◊ Encrypted, or plain text EDIF
VHDL & VERILOG test bench environment
◊ Active-HDL automatic simulation macros
◊ ModelSim automatic simulation macros
◊ Tests with reference responses
Technical documentation
◊ Installation notes
◊ HDL core specification
◊ Datasheet
Synthesis scripts
Example application
Technical support
◊ IP Core implementation support
◊ 3 months maintenance
Delivery the IP Core updates, minor
and major versions changes
● Delivery the documentation updates
○ Phone & email support
●
○ HDL Source to Netlist
○ Single Design to Unlimited Designs
CONFIGURATION
The following parameters of the DF6808 core
can be easy adjusted to requirements of
dedicated application and technology. Configuration of the core can be prepared by effortless changing appropriate constants in
package file. There is no need to change any
parts of the code.
TM
• DoCD Hardware Debugger
-
used
unused
• Architecture type
-
Harvard
Von Neumann
• Memories type
-
Synchronous
Asynchronou
• Data Memory wait-states
-
used
unused
• Power saving STOP mode
-
used
unused
• WATCHDOG Timer
-
used
unused
• Timer system
-
used
unused
• Compare Capture channels
-
used
unused
• PORTS A, B, C, D
-
used
unused
• SCI – UART Interface
-
used
unused
• SPI Interface
-
used
unused
• Support for DIV Instructions
-
used
unused
• Support for MUL Instruction
-
used
unused
• Support for DAA Instruction
-
used
unused
LICENSING
Comprehensible and clearly defined licensing
methods without royalty fees make using of IP
Core easy and simply.
Single Design license allows use IP Core in
single FPGA bitstream and ASIC implementation.
Unlimited Designs, One Year licenses allow
use IP Core in unlimited number of FPGA bitstreams and ASIC implementations.
In all cases number of IP Core instantiations
within a design, and number of manufactured
chips are unlimited. There is no time restriction except One Year license where time of
use is limited to 12 months.
● Single Design license for
○ VHDL, Verilog source code called HDL Sour-
ce
○ Encrypted, or plain text EDIF called Netlist
● One Year license for
○ Encrypted Netlist only
● Unlimited Designs license for
○ HDL Source
○ Netlist
● Upgrade from
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Copyright 1999-2007 DCD – Digital Core Design. All Rights Reserved.
PINS DESCRIPTION
PIN
ACTIVE
TYPE
clk
-
input
Global system clock
rst
Low
input
Global system reset
prgdata[7:0]
-
input
Program memory bus input
datai[7:0]
-
input
Memory bus input
ufrdatai[7:0]
-
input
UFRs data bus input
ready
DESCRIPTION
Low
input
Code and Data memory Ready
irq
*
input
Interrupt input
portai[7:0]
-
input
Port A input
portbi[7:0]
-
input
Port B input
portci[7:0]
-
input
Port C input
portdi[7:0]
-
input
Port D input
cap1,2
Low
input
Capture inputs
rxd
Low
input
SCI receiver data input
si
High
input
SPI slave input
mi
High
input
SPI master input
scki
*
input
SPI clock input
Low
input
SPI slave select
clkdocd
-
input
DoCD
TM
clock input
docddatai
-
input
DoCD
TM
serial Data input
ss
prgaddr[15:0]
-
output
Program memory address bus
prgoe
-
output
Program memory output enable
datao[7:0]
-
output
Data memory & UFR bus output
addr[15:0]
-
output
Data memory address bus
ramwe
Low
output
Data memory write enable
ramoe
Low
output
Data memory output enable
ufraddr[5:0]
ufrwe
-
output
UFR’s address bus
Low
output
UFRs write enable
ufroe
Low
output
UFRs output enable
halt
High
output
Halt clock system (STOP inst.)
portao[7:0]
-
output
Port A output
portbo[7:0]
-
output
Port B output
portco[7:0]
-
output
Port C output
portdo[7:0]
-
output
Port D output
ddra[7:0]
-
output
Port A data direction control
ddrb[7:0]
-
output
Port B data direction control
ddrc[7:0]
-
output
Port C data direction control
ddrd[7:0]
-
output
Port D data direction control
cmp1,2
*
output
Compare outputs
txd
Low
output
SCI transmitter data output
so
High
output
SPI slave output
mo
High
output
SPI master output
SPI clock output
scko
*
output
sckz
High
output
Disconnect SPI clock output
-
output
DoCD
TM
Serial Data Output
Serial Clock Output
Program Memory Write
docddatao
docdclk
-
output
DoCD
TM
prgwe
-
output
DoCD
TM
SYMBOL
clk
rst
prgdata(7:0)
prgaddr(15:0)
prgoe
datao(7:0)
datai(7:0)
ufrdatai(7:0)
ready
addr(15:0)
ramwe
ramoe
ufraddr(5:0)
ufrwe
ufroe
halt
irq
portai(7:0)
portbi(7:0)
portci(7:0)
portdi(7:0)
portao(7:0)
portbo(7:0)
portco(7:0)
portdo(7:0)
ddra(7:0)
ddrb(7:0)
ddrc(7:0)
ddrd(7:0)
cmp1
cmp2
cap1
cap2
rxd
txd
si
mi
scki
ss
so
mo
scko
sckz
clkdocd
docddatai
DoCD
TM
Interface
docddatao
docdclk
prgwe
* Kind of activity is configurable
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BLOCK DIAGRAM
Control Unit - Performs the core synchronization and data flow control. This module manages execution of all instructions. The Control
Unit also manages execution of STOP instruction and wakes-up the processor from the
STOP mode.
become outputs, the last data written to port
will be driven out the port pins.
clk
rst
Opcode
Decoder
Opcode Decoder - Performs an instruction
opcode decoding and the control functions for
all other blocks.
halt
Control
Unit
ALU - Arithmetic Logic Unit performs the
arithmetic and logic operations during execution of an instruction. It contains accumulator
(A), Condition Code Register (CCREG), Index
registers (H:X) and related logic like arithmetic
unit, logic unit, multiplier and divider.
irq
Interrupt
Controller
Bus Controller – Program Memory, Data
Memory & SFR’s (Special Function Register)
interface controls access into the program and
data memories and special registers. It contains Program Counter (PC), Stack Pointer
(SP) register, and related logic.
Interrupt Controller - DF6808 extended IC
has implemented 9-level interrupt priority control. The interrupt requests may come from
external pin (IRQ) as well as from particular
peripherals. The DF6808 peripheral systems
generate maskable interrupts, which are recognized only if the global interrupt mask bit (I)
in the CCR is cleared. Maskable interrupts are
prioritized according to default arrangement
established during reset. When interrupt condition occurs, an interrupt status flag is set to
indicate the condition.
I/O Ports - All ports are 8-bit general-purpose
bi-directional I/O system. The PORTA,
PORTB, PORTC, PORTD data registers have
their corresponding data direction registers
DDRA, DDRB, DDRC, DDRD to control ports
data flow. It assures that all DF6808’s ports
have full I/O selectable registers. Writes to
any ports pins cause data to be stored in the
data registers. If any port pins are configured
as output then data registers are driven out of
those pins. Reads from port pins configured
as input causes that input pin is read. If port
pins is configured as output, during read data
register is read. Writes to any ports pins not
configured as outputs do not cause data to be
driven out of those pins, but the data is stored
in the output registers. Thus, if the pins later
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BUS
Controller
ufraddr(5:0)
ufrwe
ufroe
ALU
Watchdog
Timer
rxd
txd
so
si
mo
mi
scko
scki
sckz
ss
I/O
Ports
SCI Unit
SPI Unit
ready
prgdata(7:0)
prgaddr(15:0)
prgoe
datai(7:0)
datao(7:0)
addr(23:0)
ramwe
ramoe
Timer
with
Compare /
Capture
Unit
TM
DoCD
Debugger
portai(7:0)
portbi(7:0)
portci(7:0)
portdi(7:0)
portao(7:0)
portbo(7:0)
portco(7:0)
portdo(7:0)
ddra(7:0)
ddrb(7:0)
ddrc(7:0)
ddrd(7:0)
cap1
cap2
cmp1
cmp2
clkdocd
docddatai
docddatao
docdclk
prgwe
Timer & Compare - The programmable timer
is based on free-running 16-bit counter with a
fixed divide by four prescaler. plus input capture/output compare circuitry. The timer can
be used for many purposes including measuring pulse length of two input signals and generating two output signals. The timer has 16bit architecture, hence each specific functional
segment is represented by two 8-bit registers.
These registers contains the high and low
byte of that functional block. Accessing the
low byte of a specific timer function allows full
control of that function, however, an access of
the high byte inhibits that specific timer function until the byte is also accessed.
Each of the input-capture channel has its own
16-bit time capture latch (input-capture register) and each of the output-compare channel
has its own 16-bit compare register. Additional
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control bits permit software to control the
edge(s) that trigger each input-capture function and the automatic actions that result from
output-compare functions. Although hardwired
logic is included to automate many timer activities, this timer architecture is essentially a
software-oriented system. This structure is
easily adaptable to a very wide range of applications although it is not as efficient as dedicated hardware for some specific timing applications.
Watchdog Timer - The Watchdog Timer consist of a free running Timer CLK/213 , plus control logic. The Watchdog Timer can be enabled by software by writing ‘1’ to the WDOG
bit in MISC register($000C). Once enabled
the WDT Timer cannot be disabled by software. In addition the WDOG bit acts as a reset mechanism for the WDT timer. Writing
logic one ‘1’ to the WDOG bit clears Watchdog counter and inhibits Watchdog timeout
SCI - The SCI is a full-duplex UART type
asynchronous system, using standard non
return to zero (NRZ) format : 1 start bit, 8 or 9
data bits and a 1 stop bit. The DF6808 resynchronizes the receiver bit clock on all one to
zero transitions in the bit stream. Therefore
differences in baud rate between the sending
device and the SCI are not as likely to cause
reception errors. Three logic samples are
taken near the middle of data bit time, and
majority logic decides the sense for the bit.
For the start and stop bits seven logic samples are taken. Even if noise causes one of
these samples to be incorrect, the bit will still
be received correctly. The receiver also has
the ability to enter a temporary standby mode
(called receiver wakeup) to ignore messages
intended for a different receiver. Logic automatically wakes up the receiver in time to see
the first character of the next message. This
wakeup feature greatly reduces CPU overhead in multi-drop SCI networks. The SCI
transmitter can produce queued characters of
idle (whole characters of all logic 1) and break
(whole characters of all logic 0). In addition to
the usual transmit data register empty (TDRE)
status flag, this SCI also provides a transmit
complete (TC) indication that can be used in
applications with a modem.
SPI Unit – it’s a fully configurable master/slave Serial Peripheral Interface, which
allows user to configure polarity and phase of
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serial clock signal SCK. It allows the microcontroller to communicate with serial peripheral devices. It is also capable of interprocessor communications in a multi-master system.
A serial clock line (SCK) synchronizes shifting
and sampling of the information on the two
independent serial data lines. SPI data are
simultaneously transmitted and received. SPI
system is flexible enough to interface directly
with numerous standard product peripherals
from several manufacturers. Data rates as
high as CLK/4. Clock control logic allows a
selection of clock polarity and a choice of two
fundamentally different clocking protocols to
accommodate most available synchronous
serial peripheral devices. When the SPI is
configured as a master, software selects one
of four different bit rates for the serial clock.
SPI automatically drives slave select outputs
SSO[7:0], and address SPI slave device to
exchange serially shifted data. Error-detection
logic is included to support interprocessor
communications. A write-collision detector
indicates when an attempt is made to write
data to the serial shift register while a transfer
is in progress. A multiple-master mode-fault
detector automatically disables SPI output
drivers if more than one SPI devices simultaneously attempts to become bus master.
DoCDTM - Debug Unit – it’s a real-time hardware debugger provides debugging capability
of a whole SoC system. In contrast to other
on-chip debuggers DoCD™ provides nonintrusive debugging of running application. It
can halt, run, step into or skip an instruction,
read/write any contents of microcontroller including all registers, internal, external, program memories, all SFRs including user defined peripherals. Hardware breakpoints can
be set and controlled on program memory,
internal and external data memories, as well
as on SFRs. Hardware breakpoint is executed
if any write/read occurred at particular address
with certain data pattern or without pattern.
The DoCDTM system includes three-wire interface and complete set of tools to communicate and work with core in real time debugging. It is built as scalable unit and some features can be turned off to save silicon and
reduce power consumption. A special care on
power consumption has been taken, and
when debugger is not used it is automatically
switched in power save mode. Finally whole
debugger is turned off when debug option is
no longer used.
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OPTIONAL
PERIPHERALS
There are also available an optional peripherals, not included in presented DF6808
Microcontroller Core. The optional peripherals,
can be implemented in microcontroller core
upon customer request.
● I2C bus controller - Master
○ 7-bit and 10-bit addressing modes
○ NORMAL, FAST, HIGH speeds
○ Multi-master systems supported
○ Clock arbitration and synchronization
○ User defined timings on I2C lines
○ Wide range of system clock frequencies
○ Interrupt generation
● I2C bus controller - Slave
○ NORMAL speed 100 kbs
○ FAST speed 400 kbs
○ HIGH speed 3400 kbs
○ Wide range of system clock frequencies
○ User defined data setup time on I2C lines
○ Interrupt generation
● PWM – Pulse Width Modulation Timer
● Fixed-Point arithmetic coprocessor
PERFORMANCE
The following table gives a survey about
the Core area and performance in the
ALTERA® devices after Place & Route:
Speed
Logic Cells
Fmax
grade
CYCLONE
-6
2635
61 MHz
CYCLONE II
-6
2635
65 MHz
STRATIX
-5
2636
65 MHz
STRATIX II
-3
2124
96 MHz
STRATIX GX
-5
2636
66 MHz
APEX20KC
-7
2531
48 MHz
APEX20KE
-1
2531
41 MHz
ACEX1K
-1
2536
36 MHz
FLEX10KE
-1
2536
36 MHz
Core performance in ALTERA® devices
Device
Area utilized by the each unit of DF6808 core
in vendor specific technologies is summarized
in table below.
Component
Area
[LC]
CPU*
Main Timer
COM/CAP
Watchdog
SPI Interface
UART - SCI
I/O Ports
Total area
1 780
110
150
29
131
272
161
2 635
214
55
60
14
62
124
64
593
*CPU – consisted of ALU, Control Unit and Instruction Decoder, Bus
Controller with support for 64KB RAM, External IRQ pin Interrupt Controller
Core components area utilization
arithmetic
coprocessor
● Floating-Point
IEEE-754 standard single precision
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[FFs]
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Function
IMPROVEMENT
For user the most important is application
speed improvement. The most commonly
used arithmetic functions and theirs improvement are shown in table below. Improvement
was computed as {M68HC08 clock periods}
divided by {DF6808 clock periods} required to
execute an identical function. More details are
available in core documentation
8-bit addition (immediate data)
8-bit addition (direct addressing)
8-bit addition (indirect addressing)
8-bit subtraction (immediate data)
8-bit subtraction (direct addressing)
8-bit subtraction (indirect addressing)
16-bit addition (immediate data)
16-bit addition (direct addressing)
16-bit addition (indirect addressing
16-bit subtraction (immediate data)
16-bit subtraction (direct addressing)
16-bit subtraction (indirect addressing
Multiplication
Division
Improvement
4
4
3,6
4
4
3,6
4
4
3,6
4
4
3,6
5
5
DF68XX FAMILY OVERVIEW
+
*
*
*
+
4
4
4
+
*
+
+
*
+
DF68XX family of High Performance Microcontroller Cores
+ optional
* configurable
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Copyright 1999-2007 DCD – Digital Core Design. All Rights Reserved.
Size – ASIC gates
*
*
*
DoCD Debugger
+
Interface for
additional SFRs
1*
1*
1*
+
Pulse accumulator
2/2*
22*
5/3*
+
Watchdog Timer
*
*
*
*
I\O Ports
1*
1*
SPI M/S Interface
-
SCI (UART)
7
7
17
3
Main Timer System
7
7
20
3
Compare\Capture
-
READY for Pro.
and Data mem.
Interrupt levels
64k
64k
16M
16M
Data Pointers
Interrupt sources
64k
64k
64k
64k
Real Time Interrupt
Motorola Memory
Expansion Logic
DF6805
DF6808
DF6811
DF6811CPU
Paged Data
Memory space
Design
Physical Linear
memory space
The main features of each DF68XX family member have been summarized in table below. It gives
a briefly member characterization helping user to select the most suitable IP Core for its application.
User can specify its own peripheral set (including listed below and the others) and requests the core
modifications.
6 700
8 900
12 000
6 500
CONTACTS
For any modification or special request
please contact to Digital Core Design or local
distributors.
Headquarters:
Wroclawska 94
41-902 Bytom, POLAND
n fo @ d c d .p l
e-mail: [email protected]
tel.
: +48 32 282 82 66
fax
: +48 32 282 74 37
Distributors:
ttp://www.dcd.pl/apartn.php
Please check hhttp://www.dcd.pl/apartn.php
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are trademarks of their respective owners.
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Copyright 1999-2007 DCD – Digital Core Design. All Rights Reserved.