EM78P142 8-Bit Microprocessor with OTP ROM Product Specification DOC. VERSION 1.0 ELAN MICROELECTRONICS CORP. January 2008 Trademark Acknowledgments: IBM is a registered trademark and PS/2 is a trademark of IBM. Windows is a trademark of Microsoft Corporation. ELAN and ELAN logo are trademarks of ELAN Microelectronics Corporation. Copyright © 2008 by ELAN Microelectronics Corporation All Rights Reserved Printed in Taiwan The contents of this specification are subject to change without further notice. ELAN Microelectronics assumes no responsibility concerning the accuracy, adequacy, or completeness of this specification. ELAN Microelectronics makes no commitment to update, or to keep current the information and material contained in this specification. Such information and material may change to conform to each confirmed order. In no event shall ELAN Microelectronics be made responsible for any claims attributed to errors, omissions, or other inaccuracies in the information or material contained in this specification. ELAN Microelectronics shall not be liable for direct, indirect, special incidental, or consequential damages arising from the use of such information or material. The software (if any) described in this specification is furnished under a license or nondisclosure agreement, and may be used or copied only in accordance with the terms of such agreement. ELAN Microelectronics products are not intended for use in life support appliances, devices, or systems. Use of ELAN Microelectronics product in such applications is not supported and is prohibited. NO PART OF THIS SPECIFICATION MAY BE REPRODUCED OR TRANSMITTED IN ANY FORM OR BY ANY MEANS WITHOUT THE EXPRESSED WRITTEN PERMISSION OF ELAN MICROELECTRONICS. ELAN MICROELECTRONICS CORPORATION Headquarters: Hong Kong: USA: No. 12, Innovation Road 1 Hsinchu Science Park Hsinchu, Taiwan 308 Tel: +886 3 563-9977 Fax: +886 3 563-9966 http://www.emc.com.tw Elan (HK) Microelectronics Corporation, Ltd. Flat A, 19F., World Tech Centre 95 How Ming Street, Kwun Tong Kowloon, HONG KONG Tel: +852 2723-3376 Fax: +852 2723-7780 [email protected] Elan Information Technology Group (USA) Shenzhen: Shanghai: Elan Microelectronics Shenzhen, Ltd. Elan Microelectronics Shanghai, Ltd. 3F, SSMEC Bldg., Gaoxin S. Ave. I Shenzhen Hi-tech Industrial Park (South Area), Shenzhen CHINA 518057 Tel: +86 755 2601-0565 Fax: +86 755 2601-0500 #23, Zone 115, Lane 572, Bibo Rd. Zhangjiang Hi-Tech Park Shanghai, CHINA 201203 Tel: +86 21 5080-3866 Fax: +86 21 5080-4600 P.O. Box 601 Cupertino, CA 95015 USA Tel: +1 408 366-8225 Fax: +1 408 366-8225 Contents Contents 1 2 3 4 General Description ................................................................................................ 1 Features ................................................................................................................... 1 Pin Assignment ....................................................................................................... 2 Pin Description........................................................................................................ 3 5 6 4.1 EM78P142SS10 ............................................................................................... 3 Block Diagram ......................................................................................................... 4 Function Description .............................................................................................. 5 6.1 Operational Registers ....................................................................................... 5 6.1.1 6.1.2 6.1.3 6.1.4 6.1.5 6.1.6 6.1.7 6.1.8 6.1.9 6.1.10 6.1.11 6.1.12 6.1.13 6.1.14 6.1.15 6.1.16 6.2 R0 (Indirect Address Register) .......................................................................... 5 R1 (Time Clock).................................................................................................. 5 R2 (Program Counter) and Stack ....................................................................... 5 6.1.3.1 Data Memory Configuration................................................................. 7 R3 (Status Register) ........................................................................................... 8 R4 (RAM Select Register) .................................................................................. 8 R5 ~ R6 (Port 5 ~ Port 6).................................................................................... 8 R7 (Port 7) .......................................................................................................... 9 R8 (AISR: ADC Input Select Register) ............................................................. 10 R9 (ADCON: ADC Control Register) ................................................................ 12 RA (ADOC: ADC Offset Calibration Register) .................................................. 13 RB (ADDATA: Converted Value of ADC) .......................................................... 13 RC (ADDATA1H: Converted Value of ADC) ..................................................... 13 RD (ADDATA1L: Converted Value of ADC) ...................................................... 14 RE (Interrupt Status 2 and Wake-up Control Register) .................................... 14 RF (Interrupt Status 2 Register)........................................................................ 15 R10 ~ R3F ........................................................................................................ 15 Special Purpose Registers.............................................................................. 16 6.2.1 6.2.2 6.2.3 6.2.4 6.2.5 6.2.6 6.2.7 6.2.8 6.2.9 6.2.10 6.2.11 6.2.12 6.2.13 6.2.14 A (Accumulator) ................................................................................................ 16 CONT (Control Register) .................................................................................. 16 IOC50 ~ IOC70 (I/O Port Control Register)...................................................... 16 IOC80 (TCCA Control Register) ....................................................................... 17 IOC90 (TCCB and TCCC Control Register) ..................................................... 17 IOCA0 (IR and TCCC Scale Control Register)................................................. 18 IOCB0 (Pull-down Control Register)................................................................. 19 IOCC0 (Open-drain Control Register) .............................................................. 19 IOCD0 (Pull-high Control Register) .................................................................. 19 IOCE0 (WDT Control Register and Interrupt Mask Register 2)........................ 20 IOCF0 (Interrupt Mask Register) ...................................................................... 21 IOC51 (TCCA Timer) ........................................................................................ 21 IOC61 (TCCB Timer) ........................................................................................ 22 IOC71 (TCCBH/MSB Timer)............................................................................. 22 Product Specification (V1.0) 01.25.2008 • iii Contents 6.2.15 6.2.16 6.2.17 6.2.18 6.2.19 6.2.20 6.2.21 6.2.22 6.3 6.4 TCC/WDT and Prescaler ................................................................................ 27 I/O Ports ......................................................................................................... 28 6.4.1 6.5 IOC81 (TCCC Timer) ........................................................................................ 22 IOC91 (Low-Time Register).............................................................................. 23 IOCA1 (High Time Register)............................................................................. 23 IOCB1 High/Low Time Scale Control Register)................................................ 23 IOCC1 (TCC Prescaler Timer).......................................................................... 24 IOCD1 (LVD Control Register) ......................................................................... 25 IOCE1 (Output Sink Select Control Register) .................................................. 26 IOCF1 (Pull-high Control Register)................................................................... 27 Usage of Port 5 Input Change Wake-up/Interrupt Function ............................. 30 Reset and Wake-up ........................................................................................ 31 6.5.1 6.5.2 Reset and Wake-up Operation ......................................................................... 31 6.5.1.1 Wake-up and Interrupt Modes Operation Summary.......................... 33 6.5.1.2 Register Initial Values after Reset ..................................................... 38 6.5.1.3 Controller Reset Block Diagram ........................................................ 43 The T and P Status under Status Register ....................................................... 43 6.6 Interrupt .......................................................................................................... 44 6.7 Analog-To-Digital Converter (ADC) ................................................................. 46 6.7.1 6.7.2 6.7.3 6.7.4 6.7.5 6.7.6 6.8 Infrared Remote Control Application/PWM Waveform Generation .................. 53 6.8.1 6.8.2 6.8.3 6.9 ADC Control Register (AISR/R8, ADCON/R9, ADOC/RA)............................... 46 6.7.1.1 R8 (AISR: ADC Input Select Register) .............................................. 46 6.7.1.2 R9 (ADCON: ADC Control Register) ................................................. 47 6.7.1.3 RA (ADOC: AD Offset Calibration Register) ...................................... 48 ADC Data Register (ADDATA/RB, ADDATA1H/RC, ADDATA1L/RD) ............. 49 ADC Sampling Time ......................................................................................... 49 AD Conversion Time......................................................................................... 49 ADC Operation during Sleep Mode .................................................................. 49 Programming Process/Considerations ............................................................. 50 6.7.6.1 Programming Process ....................................................................... 50 6.7.6.2 Sample Demo Programs ................................................................... 51 Overview........................................................................................................... 53 Function Description ......................................................................................... 54 Programming the Related Registers ................................................................ 56 Timer .............................................................................................................. 57 6.9.1 6.9.2 6.9.3 Overview........................................................................................................... 57 Function Description ......................................................................................... 57 Programming the Related Registers ................................................................ 59 6.10 Oscillator ........................................................................................................ 60 6.10.1 6.10.2 6.10.3 6.10.4 iv • Oscillator Modes ............................................................................................... 60 Crystal Oscillator/Ceramic Resonators (Crystal) .............................................. 61 External RC Oscillator Mode ............................................................................ 64 Internal RC Oscillator Mode ............................................................................. 65 Product Specification (V1.0) 01.25.2008 Contents 6.11 Power-on Considerations................................................................................ 66 6.11.1 Programmable WDT Time-out Period .............................................................. 66 6.11.2 External Power-on Reset Circuit ...................................................................... 66 6.11.3 Residual Voltage Protection ............................................................................. 67 6.12 Code Option ................................................................................................... 68 6.12.1 Code Option Register (Word 0) ........................................................................ 68 6.12.2 Code Option Register (Word 1) ........................................................................ 70 6.12.3 Customer ID Register (Word 2) ........................................................................ 71 6.13 Low Voltage Detector/Low Voltage Reset ....................................................... 72 6.13.1 Low Voltage Reset............................................................................................ 72 6.13.2 Low Voltage Detector........................................................................................ 72 6.13.2.1 IOCD1 (LVD Control Register) .......................................................... 72 6.13.2.2 RE (Interrupt Status 2 & Wake-up Control Register) ......................... 73 6.13.3 Programming Process ...................................................................................... 74 7 8 6.14 Instruction Set................................................................................................. 75 Absolute Maximum Ratings.................................................................................. 77 DC Electrical Characteristics................................................................................ 77 9 10 8.1 AD Converter Characteristic ........................................................................... 79 8.2 Device Characteristics .................................................................................... 80 AC Electrical Characteristic.................................................................................. 81 Timing Diagrams ................................................................................................... 82 APPENDIX A B Package Type ........................................................................................................ 83 Packaging Configuration ...................................................................................... 84 C B.1 EM78P142SS10 ............................................................................................. 84 Quality Assurance and Reliability ........................................................................ 85 D E C.1 Address Trap Detect ....................................................................................... 85 How to Use the ICE 341N ...................................................................................... 86 Comparison between V-Package and U-Package Version.................................. 89 EM78P142-V Package ............................................................................................ 89 EM78P142-U Package............................................................................................ 89 Product Specification (V1.0) 01.25.2008 •v Contents Specification Revision History Doc. Version 1.0 Revision Description Date Initial released version 2008/01/25 Item Level Voltage Reset Crystal mode Operating frequency range at 0°C~ 70°C EM78P142 4.0V, 3.5V, 2.4V DC ~ 16MHz, 4.5V DC ~ 8MHz, 3.0V DC ~ 4MHz, 2.1V IRC mode wake-up time ( Sleep → Normal ) 10µs Condition: 5V, 4MHz Code Option vi • Added a Code Option NRM Product Specification (V1.0) 01.25.2008 EM78P142 8-Bit Microprocessor with OTP ROM 1 General Description The EM78P142 is an 8-bit microprocessor designed and developed with low-power and high-speed CMOS technology. The series have an on-chip 2K×13-bit Electrical One Time Programmable Read Only Memory (OTP-ROM). It provides a protection bit to prevent intrusion of user’s OTP memory code. Three Code option bits are also available to meet user’s requirements. With enhanced OTP-ROM features, the EM78P142 provide a convenient way of developing and verifying user’s programs. Moreover, this OTP device offers the advantages of easy and effective program updates, using development and programming tools. User can avail of the ELAN Writer to easily program his development code. 2 Features CPU configuration • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Fast set-up time requires only 0.8ms (VDD: 5V Crystal: 4MHz, C1/C2: 30pF) in HXT2 mode and 10µs in IRC mode (VDD: 5V, IRC: 4 MHz) Peripheral configuration • • • • • • • • Operating frequency range (base on 2 clocks): • • • • Crystal mode: DC ~ 16MHz, 4.5V; DC ~ 8MHz, 3V; DC ~ 4MHz, 2.1V ERC mode: DC ~ 16MHz, 4.5V; DC ~ 125ns inst. cycle, 4.5V DC ~ 8MHz, 3V; DC ~ 250ns inst. cycle, 3V IRC mode Oscillation mode: 16MHz, 4MHz, 1MHz, 455kHz • • TCC, TCCA, TCCB, TCCC overflow interrupt Input-port status changed interrupt (wake up from sleep mode) ADC completion interrupt IR/PWM period match completion Low voltage detect (LVD) interrupt Special Features: • 2.1V~5.5V at 0°C~70°C (commercial) 2.3V~5.5V at -40°C~85°C (industrial) Easily implemented IR (infrared remote control) 8-bit real time clock (TCC) with overflow interrupt 8-bit real time clock (TCCA, TCCC) and 16-bit real time clock (TCCB) with overflow interrupt 7-bit multi-channel Analog-to-Digital Converter with 12-bit resolution in Vref mode Five available interrupts • 3 bidirectional I/O ports: P5, P6, P7 8 I/O pins Wake-up port : P5 5 programmable pull-down I/O pins 6 programmable pull-high I/O pins 1 programmable open-drain I/O pins Operating voltage range: • • I/O port configuration • 2K×13 bits on-chip ROM 80×8 bits on-chip registers (SRAM) 8-level stacks for subroutine nesting 4 programmable Level Voltage Detector (LVD) : 4.5V, 4.0V, 3.3V, 2.2V 3 programmable Level Voltage Reset (LVR) : 4.0V, 3.5V, 2.4V Less than 1.5 mA at 5V/4MHz Typically 15 µA, at 3V/32kHz Typically 2 µA, during sleep mode Programmable free running Watchdog Timer (4.5 ms : 18 ms) Power saving Sleep mode Selectable Oscillation mode Power-on voltage detector available (1.7V ± 0.1V) High EFT immunity (better performance at 4 MHz or below) Package Type: • 10 pin SSOP 150mil : EM78P142SS10J/S Note: Green products do not contain hazardous .substances. Drift Rate Internal RC Frequency Temperature (-40°C~85°C) Voltage Process Total (2.3V~5.5V) 4 MHz ±5% ±5% ±4% ±14% 16 MHz ±5% ±5% ±4% ±14% 1 MHz ±5% ±5% ±4% ±14% 455kHz ±5% ±5% ±4% ±14% All the four main frequencies can be trimmed by programming with four calibrated bits in the ICE341N Simulator. OTP is auto trimmed by ELAN Writer. Product Specification (V1.0) 01.25.2008 (This specification is subject to change without further notice) •1 EM78P142 8-Bit Microprocessor with OTP ROM 3 Pin Assignment Figure 3-1 EM78P142SS10 2• Product Specification (V1.0) 01.25.2008 (This specification is subject to change without further notice) EM78P142 8-Bit Microprocessor with OTP ROM 4 Pin Description 4.1 EM78P142SS10 Symbol P50~P53 P55 P67 P70~P71 ADC0~ADC6 Pin No. Type Function 1~3, 9~10 I/O 5-bit General purpose input/output pins Pull-high/Pull-down Function Wake up from Sleep/Idle mode when the pin status changes Default value at power-on reset 6 I/O 1-bit General purpose input/output pin Pull-high/Open-drain Function Default value at power-on reset 8, 4 I/O 2-bit General purpose input/output pins Default value at power-on reset When P71 is used as output function, it is an open drain pin 1~3, 6 8~10 I 7-bit channel Analog-to-Digital Converter with 12-bit resolution. Defined by ADCON (R9)<1:0> /RESET 4 I If it remains at logic low, the device will be reset Wake-up from Sleep/Idle mode when pin status changes Voltage on /RESET must not exceed Vdd during normal mode OSCI 9 I Crystal type: Crystal input terminal. RC type: RC oscillator input pin OSCO 8 O Crystal type: Output terminal for crystal oscillator. RC type: Clock output with a duration of one instruction cycle time. External clock signal input. VDD 7 – Power supply VSS 5 – Ground Product Specification (V1.0) 01.25.2008 (This specification is subject to change without further notice) •3 EM78P142 8-Bit Microprocessor with OTP ROM 5 Block Diagram Figure 5 EM78P142 Block Diagram 4• Product Specification (V1.0) 01.25.2008 (This specification is subject to change without further notice) EM78P142 8-Bit Microprocessor with OTP ROM 6 Function Description 6.1 Operational Registers 6.1.1 R0 (Indirect Address Register) R0 is not a physically implemented register. It is used as an indirect address pointer. Any instruction using R0 as a pointer, actually accesses the data pointed by the RAM Select Register (R4). 6.1.2 R1 (Time Clock) Incremented by the instruction cycle clock. Writable and readable as any other registers. The TCC prescaler counter (IOCC1) is assigned to TCC The contents of the IOCC1 register is cleared whenever – • a value is written to the TCC register. • a value is written to the TCC prescaler bits (Bits 3, 2, 1, 0 of the CONT register) • there is power-on reset, /RESET, or WDT time out reset. 6.1.3 R2 (Program Counter) and Stack R3 A10 A9 A8 A7 ~ Hardware Interrupt Vector 1 PAGE1 0400~07FF 000H 003H ~ 021H Stack Level 1 Stack Level 2 Stack Level 3 Stack Level 4 Stack Level 5 Stack Level 6 Stack Level 7 Stack Level 8 On-chip Program Memory User Memory Space CALL RET RETL RETI 0 PAGE0 0000~03FF Reset Vector A0 7FFH Figure 6-1 Program Counter Organization R2 and hardware stacks are 11-bit wide. The structure is depicted in the table under Section 6.1.3.1 Data Memory Configuration. The configuration structure generates 2K×13 bits on-chip ROM addresses to the relative programming instruction codes. One program page is 1024 words long. The contents of R2 are all set to "0"s when a reset condition occurs. Product Specification (V1.0) 01.25.2008 (This specification is subject to change without further notice) •5 EM78P142 8-Bit Microprocessor with OTP ROM "JMP" instruction allows direct loading of the lower 10 program counter bits. Thus, "JMP" allows PC to jump to any location within a page. "CALL" instruction loads the lower 10 bits of the PC, and then PC+1 is pushed into the stack. Thus, the subroutine entry address can be located anywhere within a page. "LJMP" instruction allows direct loading of the program counter bits (A0~A10). Therefore, "LJMP" allows PC to jump to any location within 2K (211). "LCALL" instruction loads the program counter bits (A0 ~A10), and then PC+1 is pushed into the stack. Thus, the subroutine entry address can be located anywhere within 2K (211) "RET" ("RETL k", "RETI") instruction loads the program counter with the contents of the top of stack. "ADD R2, A" allows a relative address to be added to the current PC, and the ninth and above bits of the PC will increase progressively. "MOV R2, A" allows loading of an address from the "A" register to the lower 8 bits of the PC, and the ninth and tenth bits (A8 ~ A9) of the PC will remain unchanged. Any instruction (except “ADD R2,A”) that is written to R2 (e.g., "MOV R2, A", "BC R2, 6", etc.) will cause the ninth bit and the tenth bit (A8 ~ A9) of the PC to remain unchanged. All instructions are single instruction cycle (fclk/2) except “LCALL” and “LJMP” instructions. The “LCALL” and “LJMP” instructions need two instructions cycle. 6• Product Specification (V1.0) 01.25.2008 (This specification is subject to change without further notice) EM78P142 8-Bit Microprocessor with OTP ROM 6.1.3.1 Data Memory Configuration Address R Page Registers 00 R0 (Indirect Addressing Register) Reserve Reserve 01 R1 (Timer Clock) Reserve Reserve 02 R2 (Program Counter) Reserve Reserve 03 R3 (Status Register) Reserve Reserve 04 R4 (RAM Select Register) Reserve Reserve 05 R5 (Port 5) IOC50 (I/O Port Control Register) IOC51 (TCCA Timer) 06 R6 (Port 6) IOC60 (I/O Port Control Register) IOC61 (TCCB LSB Timer) 07 R7 (Port 7) IOC70 (I/O Port Control Register) IOC71 (TCCB HSB Timer) 08 R8 (ADC Input Select Register IOC80 (TCCA Control Register) IOC81 (TCCC Timer) 09 R9 (ADC Control Register) 0A 0B 0C 0D 0E 0F 10 ︰ 1F 20 ： 3F RA (ADC Offset Calibration Register) (Converted value RB AD11~AD4 of ADC) RC (Converted value AD11~AD8 of ADC) (Converted value RD AD7~AD0 of ADC) RE (Interrupt Status 2 and Wake-up Control Register RF (Interrupt Status Register 1) IOCX0 Page Registers IOC90 (TCCB and TCCC Control Register) (IR and TCCC Scale IOCA0 Control Register) IOCB0 (Pull-down Control Register) IOCC0 (Open-drain Control Register) IOCX1 Page Registers IOC91 (Low-Time Register) IOCA1 (High-Time Register) IOCB1 (High-Time and Low-Time Scale Control Register) IOCC1 (TCC Prescaler Control) IOCD0 (Pull-high Control Register) IOCD1 (LVD Control Register) IOCE0 (WDT Control Register and Interrupt Mask Register 2) IOCE1 (High Output Sink Current) IOCF0 (Interrupt Mask Register 1) IOCF1 (Pull-high Control Register) General Registers Bank 0 Bank 1 Product Specification (V1.0) 01.25.2008 (This specification is subject to change without further notice) •7 EM78P142 8-Bit Microprocessor with OTP ROM 6.1.4 R3 (Status Register) Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 RST IOCS - T P Z DC C Bit 7 (RST): Bit of reset type Set to “1” if wake-up from sleep on pin change, comparator status change, or AD conversion completed. Set to “0” if wake-up from other reset types. Bit 6 (IOCS): Select the Segment of IO control register 0 = Segment 0 (IOC50 ~ IOCF0) selected 1 = Segment 1 (IOC51 ~ IOCC1) selected Bit 5: Not used (reserved) Bit 4 (T): Time-out bit. Set to “1” by the "SLEP" and "WDTC" commands or during power on, and reset to “0” by WDT time-out (for more details see Section 6.5.2, The T and P Status under Status Register). Bit 3 (P): Power-down bit. Set to “1” during power-on or by a "WDTC" command and reset to “0” by a "SLEP" command (see Section 6.5.2, The T and P Status under Status Register for more details). Bit 2 (Z): Zero flag. Set to "1" if the result of an arithmetic or logic operation is zero. Bit 1 (DC): Auxiliary carry flag Bit 0 (C): Carry flag 6.1.5 R4 (RAM Select Register) Bit 7: Set to “0” all the time Bit 6: Used to select Bank 0 or Bank 1 of the register Bits 5~0: Used to select a register (Address: 00~0F, 10~3F) in indirect addressing mode. See table under Section 6.1.3.1 Data Memory Configuration. 6.1.6 R5 ~ R6 (Port 5 ~ Port 6) R5 & R6 are I/O registers. 8• Product Specification (V1.0) 01.25.2008 (This specification is subject to change without further notice) EM78P142 8-Bit Microprocessor with OTP ROM 6.1.7 R7 (Port 7) Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 EM78P142 ‘0’ ‘0’ ‘0’ ‘0’ ‘0’ ‘0’ I/O I/O ICE341N C3 C2 C1 C0 RCM1 RCM0 I/O I/O Note: R7 is an I/O register. Bit 7 ~ Bit 2: Unimplemented, read as ‘0’. [With EM78P142]: [With Simulator (C3~C0, RCM1, and RCM0)]: IRC calibration bits in IRC oscillator mode. In IRC oscillator mode of ICE341N simulator, these are the IRC mode selection bits and IRC calibration bits. Bit 7 ~ Bit 4 (C3 ~ C0): Calibrator of internal RC mode C3 C2 C1 C0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 Frequency (MHz) (1-36%) × F (1-31.5%) × F 0 0 1 0 (1-27%) × F 0 0 1 1 (1-22.5%) × F 0 1 0 0 (1-18%) × F 0 1 0 1 (1-13.5%) × F 0 1 1 0 (1-9%) × F 0 1 1 1 (1-4.5%) × F 1 1 1 1 F (default) 1 1 1 0 (1+4.5%) × F 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 (1+9%) × F (1+135%) × F 1 0 1 1 (1+18%) × F 1 0 1 0 (1+22.5%) × F 1 0 0 1 (1+27%) × F 1 0 0 0 (1+31.5%) × F Note: 1. Frequency values shown are theoretical and taken from an instance of a high frequency mode. Hence, they are shown for reference only. Definite values depend on the actual process. 2. Similar way of calculation is also applicable for low frequency mode. Bit 3 and Bit 2 (RCM1, RCM0): IRC mode selection bits RCM 1 RCM 0 1 1 4 (default) 1 0 16 0 1 1 0 0 455kHz Product Specification (V1.0) 01.25.2008 (This specification is subject to change without further notice) Frequency (MHz) •9 EM78P142 8-Bit Microprocessor with OTP ROM 6.1.8 R8 (AISR: ADC Input Select Register) The AISR register individually defines the I/O Port as analog input or as digital I/O. Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 ‘0’ ADE6 ADE5 ADE4 ADE3 ADE2 ADE1 ADE0 Bit 7: This bit must be set to “0” all the time. Bit 6 (ADE6): AD converter enable bit of P55 pin 0 = Disable ADC6, P55 functions as I/O pin 1 = Enable ADC6 to function as analog input pin Bit 5 (ADE5): AD converter enable bit of P70 pin 0 = Disable ADC5, P70 functions as I/O pin 1 = Enable ADC5 to function as analog input pin Bit 4 (ADE4): AD converter enable bit of P67 pin 0 = Disable ADC4, P67 functions as I/O pin 1 = Enable ADC4 to function as analog input pin Bit 3 (ADE3): AD converter enable bit of P53 pin 0 = Disable ADC3, P53 functions as I/O pin 1 = Enable ADC3 to function as analog input pin Bit 2 (ADE2): AD converter enable bit of P52 pin 0 = Disable ADC2, P52 functions as I/O pin 1 = Enable ADC2 to function as analog input pin Bit 1 (ADE1): AD converter enable bit of P51 pin 0 = Disable ADC1, P51 functions as I/O pin 1 = Enable ADC1 to function as analog input pin Bit 0 (ADE0): AD converter enable bit of P50 pin 0 = Disable ADC0, P50 functions as I/O pin 1 = Enable ADC0 to function as analog input pin 10 • Product Specification (V1.0) 01.25.2008 (This specification is subject to change without further notice) EM78P142 8-Bit Microprocessor with OTP ROM NOTE The P55/OSCI/ADC6 pin cannot be applied to OSCI and ADC6 at the same time. If P55/OSCI/ADC6 functions as OSCI oscillator input pin, then ADE6 bit for R8 must be ”0” and ADIS2~0 do not select “ 110”. The P55/OSCI/ADC6 pin priority is as follows: P55/OSCI/ADC6 Pin Priority High Medium Low OSCI ADC6 P55 The P70/OSCO/ADC5 pin cannot be applied to OSCO and ADC5 at the same time. If P70/OSCO/ADC5 acts as OSCO oscillator input pin, then ADE5 bit for R8 must be ”0” and ADIS2~0 do not select “101”. The P70/OSCO/ADC5 pin priority is as follows: P70/OSCO/ADC5 Pin Priority High Medium Low OSCO ADC5 P70 The P67/IR OUT/ADC4 pin cannot be applied to IR OUT and ADC4 at the same time. If P67/IR OUT/ADC4 functions as ADC4 analog input pin, then IROUTE bit for IOCA0 must be “0”.. If P67/IR OUT/ADC4 functions as IR OUT analog input pin, then ADE4 bit for R8 must be ”0” and ADIS2~0 do not select “100”. The P67/IR OUT/ADC4 pin priority is as follows: P67/IR OUT/ADC4 Pin Priority High Medium Low ADC4 IR OUT P67 Product Specification (V1.0) 01.25.2008 (This specification is subject to change without further notice) • 11 EM78P142 8-Bit Microprocessor with OTP ROM 6.1.9 R9 (ADCON: ADC Control Register) Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 “0” CKR1 CKR0 ADRUN ADPD ADIS2 ADIS1 ADIS0 This bit must be set to “0” all the time Bit 7: Bit 6 and Bit 5 (CKR1 and CKR0): The prescaler of the ADC oscillator clock rate 00 = 1: 16 (default value) 01 = 1: 4 10 = 1: 64 11 = 1: 8 CPUS 1 1 1 1 0 CKR1:CKR0 Operation Mode Max. Operation Frequency Fosc/16 Fosc/4 Fosc/64 Fosc/8 Internal RC 4 MHz 1 MHz 16 MHz 2 MHz − 00 01 10 11 ×× Bit 4 (ADRUN): ADC starts to RUN. 1 = an AD conversion is started. This bit can be set by software 0 = Reset upon completion of the conversion. This bit cannot be reset through software Bit 3 (ADPD): ADC Power-down mode 1 = ADC is operating 0 = Switch off the resistor reference to save power even while the CPU is operating. Bit 2 ~ Bit 0 (ADIS2 ~ADIS0): Analog Input Select 000 = ADIN0/P50 001 = ADIN1/P51 010 = ADIN2/P52 011 = ADIN3/P53 100 = ADIN4/P67 101 = ADIN5/P70 110 = ADIN6/P55 111 = not used These bits can only be changed when the ADIF bit and the ADRUN bit are both low. See Section 6.1.14, RE (Interrupt Status 2 and Wake-up Control Register). 12 • Product Specification (V1.0) 01.25.2008 (This specification is subject to change without further notice) EM78P142 8-Bit Microprocessor with OTP ROM 6.1.10 RA (ADOC: ADC Offset Calibration Register) Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 CALI SIGN VOF[2] VOF[1] VOF[0] “0” “0” “0” Calibration enable bit for ADC offset Bit 7 (CALI): 0 = disable Calibration 1 = enable Calibration Polarity bit of offset voltage Bit 6 (SIGN): 0 = Negative voltage 1 = Positive voltage Bit 5 ~ Bit 3 (VOF[2] ~ VOF[0]): Offset voltage bits VOF[2] VOF[1] VOF[0] EM78P142 ICE341 0 0 0 0LSB 0LSB 0 0 1 2LSB 2LSB 0 1 0 4LSB 4LSB 0 1 1 6LSB 6LSB 1 1 0 0 0 1 8LSB 10LSB 8LSB 10LSB 1 1 0 12LSB 12LSB 1 1 1 14LSB 14LSB Unimplemented, read as ‘0’ Bit 2 ~ Bit 0: 6.1.11 RB (ADDATA: Converted Value of ADC) Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 AD11 AD10 AD9 AD8 AD7 AD6 AD5 AD4 When the AD conversion is completed, the result is loaded into the ADDATA. The ADRUN bit is cleared and the ADIF is set. See Section 6.1.14, RE (Interrupt Status 2 and Wake-up Control Register). RB is read only. 6.1.12 RC (ADDATA1H: Converted Value of ADC) Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 “0” “0” “0” “0” AD11 AD10 AD9 AD8 When the AD conversion is completed, the result is loaded into the ADDATA1H. The ADRUN bit is cleared and the ADIF is set. See Section 6.1.14, RE (Interrupt Status 2 and Wake-up Control Register). RC is read only. Product Specification (V1.0) 01.25.2008 (This specification is subject to change without further notice) • 13 EM78P142 8-Bit Microprocessor with OTP ROM 6.1.13 RD (ADDATA1L: Converted Value of ADC) Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 AD7 AD6 AD5 AD4 AD3 AD2 AD1 AD0 When the AD conversion is completed, the result is loaded into the ADDATA1L. The ADRUN bit is cleared and the ADIF is set. See Section 6.1.14, RE (Interrupt Status 2 and Wake-up Control Register). RD is read only 6.1.14 RE (Interrupt Status 2 and Wake-up Control Register) Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 /LVD LVDIF ADIF “0” ADWE “0” ICWE LVDWE Note: 1. RE <6, 5> can be cleared by instruction but cannot be set. 2. IOCE0 is the interrupt mask register. 3. Reading RE will result to “logic AND” of the RE and IOCE0. Bit 7 (/LVD): Low voltage Detector state. This is a read only bit. When the VDD pin voltage is lower than LVD voltage interrupt level (selected by LVD1 and LVD0), this bit will be cleared. 0 = low voltage is detected 1 = low voltage is not detected or LVD function is disabled Bit 6 (LVDIF): Low Voltage Detector interrupt flag LVDIF is reset to “0” by software. Bit 5 (ADIF): Interrupt flag for analog to digital conversion. Set when AD conversion is completed. Reset by software. 0 = no interrupt occurs 1 = interrupt request Bit 4: This bit must be set to “0” all the time. Bit 3 (ADWE): ADC wake-up enable bit 0 = Disable ADC wake-up 1 = Enable ADC wake-up When AD Conversion enters sleep/idle mode, this bit must be set to “Enable“. Bit 2: This bit must be set to “0” all the time. Bit 1 (ICWE): Port 5 input change to wake-up status enable bit 0 = Disable Port 5 input change to wake-up status 1 = Enable Port 5 input change to wake-up status When Port 5 change enters sleep/idle mode, this bit must be set to “Enable“. 14 • Product Specification (V1.0) 01.25.2008 (This specification is subject to change without further notice) EM78P142 8-Bit Microprocessor with OTP ROM Bit 0 (LVDWE): Low Voltage Detect wake-up enable bit 0 = Disable Low Voltage Detect wake-up 1 = Enable Low Voltage Detect wake-up When the Low Voltage Detect is used to enter an interrupt vector or to wake-up the IC from sleep/idle with Low Voltage Detect running, the LVDWE bit must be set to “Enable“. 6.1.15 RF (Interrupt Status 2 Register) Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 LPWTIF HPWTIF TCCCIF TCCBIF TCCAIF “0” ICIF TCIF Note: 1. “1” means there is interrupt request, “0” 2. RF can be cleared by instruction but cannot be set. 3. IOCF0 is the interrupt mask register. 4. Reading RF will result to “logic AND” of the RF and IOCF0 Bit 7 (LPWTIF): Internal low-pulse width timer underflow interrupt flag for IR/PWM function. Reset by software. Bit 6 (HPWTIF): Internal high-pulse width timer underflow interrupt flag for IR/PWM function. Reset by software. Bit 5 (TCCCIF): TCCC overflow interrupt flag. Set when TCCC overflows. Reset by software. Bit 4 (TCCBIF): TCCB overflow interrupt flag. Set when TCCB overflows. Reset by software. Bit 3 (TCCAIF): TCCA overflow interrupt flag. Set when TCCA overflows. Reset by software. Bit 2: This bit must be set to “0” all the time. Bit 1 (ICIF): Port 5 input status change interrupt flag. Set when Port 5 input changes. Reset by software. Bit 0 (TCIF): TCC overflow interrupt flag. Set when TCC overflows. Reset by software. 6.1.16 R10 ~ R3F All of these are 8-bit general-purpose registers. Product Specification (V1.0) 01.25.2008 (This specification is subject to change without further notice) • 15 EM78P142 8-Bit Microprocessor with OTP ROM 6.2 Special Purpose Registers 6.2.1 A (Accumulator) Internal data transfer operation, or instruction operand holding usually involves the temporary storage function of the Accumulator, which is not an addressable register. 6.2.2 CONT (Control Register) Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 “0” INT “0” “0” PSTE PST2 PST1 PST0 Note: The CONT register is both readable and writable. Bit 6 is read only. Bit 7: This bit must be set to “0” all the time. Bit 6 (INT): Interrupt enable flag 0 = masked by DISI or hardware interrupt 1 = enabled by the ENI/RETI instructions This bit is readable only. Bit 5 ~ Bit 4 : These bits must set to “0” all the time. Bit 3 (PSTE): Prescaler enable bit for TCC 0 = prescaler disable bit. TCC rate is 1:1. 1 = prescaler enable bit. TCC rate is set as Bit 2 ~ Bit 0. Bit 2 ~ Bit 0 (PST2 ~ PST0): TCC prescaler bits PST2 PST1 PST0 TCC Rate 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1:2 1:4 1:8 1:16 1:32 1:64 1:128 1 1 1 1:256 Note: Tcc time-out period [1/Fosc x prescaler x (256 − Tcc cnt) x 1 6.2.3 IOC50 ~ IOC70 (I/O Port Control Register) "0" defines the relative I/O pin as output "1" sets the relative I/O pin into high impedance IOC50 <7, 6, 4>, IOC60 <6~0> : These bits must set to “0” all the time, Other bits could be readable and writable. IOC70 registers are all readable and writable 16 • Product Specification (V1.0) 01.25.2008 (This specification is subject to change without further notice) EM78P142 8-Bit Microprocessor with OTP ROM 6.2.4 IOC80 (TCCA Control Register) Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 – – – “0” “0” TCCAEN “0” “0” Note: Bit 2 of the IOC80 register is both readable and writable. Bits 7 ~ 5: Not used Bits 4 ~ 3: These bits must set to “0” all the time. Bit 2 (TCCAEN): TCCA enable bit 0 = disable TCCA 1 = enable TCCA These bits must set to “0” all the time. Bits 1 ~ 0: 6.2.5 IOC90 (TCCB and TCCC Control Register) Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 TCCBHE TCCBEN “0” “0” – TCCCEN “0” “0” Bit 7 (TCCBHE): Control bit is used to enable the most significant byte of the timer 1 = Enable the most significant byte of TCCBH TCCB is a 16-bit timer. 0 = Disable the most significant byte of TCCBH (default value) TCCB is an 8-bit timer. Bit 6 (TCCBEN): TCCB enable bit 0 = disable TCCB 1 = enable TCCB Bits 5 ~ 4: These bits must set to “0” all the time. Bit 3: Not used. Bit 2 (TCCCEN): TCCC enable bit 0 = disable TCCC 1 = enable TCCC Bits 1 ~ 0: These bits must set to “0” all the time. Product Specification (V1.0) 01.25.2008 (This specification is subject to change without further notice) • 17 EM78P142 8-Bit Microprocessor with OTP ROM 6.2.6 IOCA0 (IR and TCCC Scale Control Register) Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 TCCCSE TCCCS2 TCCCS1 TCCCS0 IRE HF LGP IROUTE Bit 7 (TCCCSE): Scale enable bit for TCCC An 8-bit timer is provided as scale for TCCC and IR-Mode. When in IR-Mode, TCCC timer scale uses the low-time segments of the pulse generated by Fcarrier frequency modulation (see Figure 6-11 in Section 6.8.2, Function Description). 0 = scale disable bit, TCCC rate is 1:1 1 = scale enable bit, TCCC rate is set as Bit 6 ~ Bit 4 Bit 6 ~ Bit 4 (TCCCS2 ~ TCCCS0): TCCC scale bits The TCCCS2 ~ TCCCS0 bits of the IOCA0 register are used to determine the scale ratio of TCCC as shown below: Bit 3 (IRE): TCCCS2 TCCCS1 TCCCS0 TCCC Rate 0 0 0 1:2 0 0 1 1:4 0 1 0 1:8 0 1 1 1:16 1 0 0 1:32 1 0 1 1:64 1 1 1 1 0 1 1:128 1:256 Infrared Remote Enable bit 0 = Disable IRE, i.e., disable H/W Modulator Function. The IROUT pin is fixed at a high level and the TCCC is an Up Timer. 1 = Enable IRE, i.e., enable H/W Modulator Function. Pin 67 is defined as IROUT. If HF=1, the TCCC timer scale uses the low-time segments of the pulse generated by the Fcarrier frequency modulation (see Figure 6-11 in Section 6.8.2, Function Description). When HF=0, the TCCC is an Up Timer Bit 2 (HF): High Frequency bit 0 = PWM application. IROUT waveform is achieved base on the high-pulse width timer and low-pulse width timer which determine the high time width and low time width respectively. 1 = IR application mode. The low-time segments of the pulse generated by the Fcarrier frequency modulation (see Figure 6-11 in Section 6.8.2, Function Description) 18 • Product Specification (V1.0) 01.25.2008 (This specification is subject to change without further notice) EM78P142 8-Bit Microprocessor with OTP ROM Long Pulse. Bit 1 (LGP): 0 = The high-time and low-time registers are valid 1 = The high-time register is ignored. A single pulse is generated. Bit 0 (IROUTE): Control bit used to define the P67 (IROUT) pin function 0 = P67 defined as bi-directional I/O pin 1 = P67 defined as IROUT. Under this condition, the I/O control bit of P67 (Bit 7 of IOC60) must be set to “0” 6.2.7 IOCB0 (Pull-down Control Register) Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 “1” “1” /PD55 “1” /PD53 /PD52 /PD51 /PD50 The IOCB0 register is both readable and writable. Bits 7 ~ 6 and Bit 4: These bits must set to “1” all the time. Bit 5 (/PD55): Control bit is used to enable the pull-down function of the P55 pin 0 = Enable internal pull-down 1 = Disable internal pull-down Bit 3 (/PD53): Control bit is used to enable the pull-down function of the P53 pin Bit 2 (/PD52): Control bit is used to enable the pull-down function of the P52 pin Bit 1 (/PD51): Control bit is used to enable the pull-down function of the P51 pin Bit 0 (/PD50): Control bit is used to enable the pull-down function of the P50 pin. 6.2.8 IOCC0 (Open-drain Control Register) Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 /OD67 “1” “1” “1” “1” “1” “1” “1” The IOCC0 register is both readable and writable. Bit 7 (/OD67): Control bit is used to enable the open-drain output of the P67 pin 0 = Enable open-drain output 1 = Disable open-drain output Bits 6 ~ 0: These bits must set to “1” all the time 6.2.9 IOCD0 (Pull-high Control Register) Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 “1” “1” /PH55 “1” /PH53 /PH52 /PH51 /PH50 The IOCD0 register is both readable and writable. Product Specification (V1.0) 01.25.2008 (This specification is subject to change without further notice) • 19 EM78P142 8-Bit Microprocessor with OTP ROM Bits 7 ~ 6 and Bit 4: These bits must set to “1” all the time. Bit 5 (/PH55): Control bit is used to enable the pull-high function of the P55 pin 0 = Enable internal pull-high 1 = Disable internal pull-high Bit 3 (/PH53): Control bit is used to enable the pull-high function of the P53 pin. Bit 2 (/PH52): Control bit is used to enable the pull-high function of the P52 pin. Bit 1 (/PH51): Control bit is used to enable the pull-high function of the P51 pin. Bit 0 (/PH50): Control bit is used to enable the pull-high function of the P50 pin. 6.2.10 IOCE0 (WDT Control Register and Interrupt Mask Register 2) Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 WDTE “0” ADIE “0” PSWE PSW2 PSW1 PSW0 Bit 7 (WDTE): Control bit used to enable Watchdog Timer 0 = Disable WDT 1 = Enable WDT WDTE is both readable and writable. Bit 6: This bit must be set to “0” all the time. Bit 5 (ADIE): ADIF interrupt enable bit 0 = disable ADIF interrupt 1 = enable ADIF interrupt Bit 4: This bit must be set to “0” all the time. Bit 3 (PSWE): Prescaler enable bit for WDT 0 = prescaler disable bit, WDT rate is 1:1 1 = prescaler enable bit, WDT rate is set as Bit 2 ~ Bit 0 Bit 2 ~ Bit 0 (PSW2 ~ PSW0): WDT prescaler bits 20 • PSW2 PSW1 PSW0 WDT Rate 0 0 0 1:2 0 0 1 1:4 0 1 0 1:8 0 1 1 1:16 1 0 0 1:32 1 0 1 1:64 1 1 0 1:128 1 1 1 1:256 Product Specification (V1.0) 01.25.2008 (This specification is subject to change without further notice) EM78P142 8-Bit Microprocessor with OTP ROM 6.2.11 IOCF0 (Interrupt Mask Register) Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 LPWTIE HPWTIE TCCCIE TCCBIE TCCAIE “0” ICIE TCIE Note: The IOCF0 register is both readable and writable. Individual interrupt is enabled by setting to “1” its associated control bit in the IOCF0 and in IOCEO Bits 4 and 5. Global interrupt is enabled by the ENI instruction and is disabled by the DISI instruction. Refer to Figure 6-7 Interrupt Input Circuit under Section 6 Interrupt. Bit 7 (LPWTIE): LPWTIF interrupt enable bit 0 = Disable LPWTIF interrupt 1 = Enable LPWTIF interrupt Bit 6 (HPWTIE): HPWTIF interrupt enable bit 0 = Disable HPWTIF interrupt 1 = Enable HPWTIF interrupt Bit 5 (TCCCIE): TCCCIF interrupt enable bit 0 = Disable TCCCIF interrupt 1 = Enable TCCCIF interrupt Bit 4 (TCCBIE): TCCBIF interrupt enable bit 0 = Disable TCCBIF interrupt 1 = Enable TCCBIF interrupt Bit 3 (TCCAIE): TCCAIF interrupt enable bit 0 = Disable TCCAIF interrupt 1 = Enable TCCAIF interrupt Bit 2: This bit must be set to “0” all the time. Bit 1 (ICIE): ICIF interrupt enable bit 0 = Disable ICIF interrupt 1 = Enable ICIF interrupt Bit 0 (TCIE): TCIF interrupt enable bit. 0 = Disable TCIF interrupt 1 = Enable TCIF interrupt 6.2.12 IOC51 (TCCA Timer) The IOC51 (TCCA) is an 8-bit clock timer. It is also an Up Timer and it can be read, written to, and cleared on any reset condition. TCCA Timeout period = Product Specification (V1.0) 01.25.2008 (This specification is subject to change without further notice) ( 1 ) FOSC × 256 − TCCA cnt × 1 • 21 EM78P142 8-Bit Microprocessor with OTP ROM 6.2.13 IOC61 (TCCB Timer) The IOC61 (TCCB) is an 8-bit clock timer for the least significant byte of TCCBX (TCCB). It is also an Up Timer, and it can be read, written to, and cleared on any reset condition. 6.2.14 IOC71 (TCCBH/MSB Timer) The IOC71 (TCCBH/MSB) is an 8-bit clock Timer for the most significant byte of TCCBX (TCCBH). It can be read, written to, and cleared on any reset condition. When TCCBHE (IOC90) is “0,” then TCCBH is disabled. When TCCBHE is”1,” then TCCB is a 16-bit timer. When TCCBH is disabled: TCCB Timeout period = ( 1 ) FOSC × 256 − TCCB cnt × 1 When TCCBH is enabled: TCCB Timeout period = FOSC × [ 65536 ( 1 ) − TCCBH × 256 + TCCB cnt × 1 ] 6.2.15 IOC81 (TCCC Timer) IOC81 (TCCC) is an 8-bit clock timer that can be extended to 16-bit timer. It can be read, written to and cleared on any reset condition. If HF (Bit 2 of IOCA0) = 1 and IRE (Bit 3 of IOCA0) = 1, TCCC timer scale uses the low-time segments of the pulse generated by the Fcarrier frequency modulation (see Figure 6-11 in Section 6.8.2, Function Description). Then the TCCC value will be TCCC predicted value. When HF = 0 or IRE = 0, the TCCC is an Up Timer. In TCCC Up Timer mode: TCCC Timeout period = 1 ( ) FOSC × Scaler (IOCA0 ) × 256 − TCCC cnt × 1 When HF = 1 and IRE = 1, TCCC timer scale uses the low-time segments of the pulse generated by the Fcarrier frequency modulation. In IR mode: FT Fcarrier = 2 { [ 1 + Decimal TCCC Value (IOC81) ] × TCCC Scale (IOCA0)} where 22 • FT = FOSC 1 Product Specification (V1.0) 01.25.2008 (This specification is subject to change without further notice) EM78P142 8-Bit Microprocessor with OTP ROM 6.2.16 IOC91 (Low-Time Register) The 8-bit Low-time register controls the active or Low segment of the pulse. The decimal value of its contents determines the number of oscillator cycles and verifies that the IR OUT pin is active. The active period of IR OUT can be calculated as follows: Low Time Width = { [ 1 + Decimal Low Time Value (IOC91)] × Low Time Scale (IOCB1) } FT where FT = FOSC 1 When an interrupt is generated by the Low time down counter underflow (when enabled), the next instruction will be fetched from Address 015H (Low time). 6.2.17 IOCA1 (High Time Register) The 8-bit High-time register controls the inactive or High period of the pulse. The decimal value of its contents determines the number of oscillator cycles and verifies that the IR OUT pin is inactive. The inactive period of IR OUT can be calculated as follows: High Time Width = { [ 1 + Decimal High Time Value (IOCA1)] × High Time Scale (IOCB1) } FT where FT = FOSC 1 When an interrupt is generated by the High time down counter underflow (when enabled), the next instruction will be fetched from Address 012H (High time). 6.2.18 IOCB1 High/Low Time Scale Control Register) Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 HTSE HTS2 HTS1 HTS0 LTSE LTS2 LTS1 LTS0 Bit 7 (HTSE): High-time scale enable bit 0 = scale disable bit, High-time rate is 1:1 1 = scale enable bit, High-time rate is set as Bit 6~Bit 4. Product Specification (V1.0) 01.25.2008 (This specification is subject to change without further notice) • 23 EM78P142 8-Bit Microprocessor with OTP ROM Bit 6 ~ Bit 4 (HTS2 ~ HTS0): High-time scale bits: HTS2 HTS1 HTS0 High-time Rate 0 0 0 1:2 0 0 1 1:4 0 1 0 1:8 0 1 1 1:16 1 0 0 1:32 1 1 0 1 1 0 1:64 1:128 1 1 1 1:256 Bit 3 (LTSE): Low-time scale enable bit. 0 = scale disable bit, Low-time rate is 1:1 1 = scale enable bit, Low-time rate is set as Bit 2~Bit 0. Bit 2 ~ Bit 0 (LTS2 ~ LTS0): Low-time scale bits: LTS2 LTS1 LTS0 0 0 0 0 0 1 Low-time Rate 1:2 1:4 0 1 0 1:8 0 1 1 1:16 1 0 0 1:32 1 0 1 1:64 1 1 0 1:128 1 1 1 1:256 6.2.19 IOCC1 (TCC Prescaler Timer) TCC prescaler timer can be read and written to: PST2 PST1 PST0 Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 TCC Rate 0 0 0 - - - - - - - V 1:2 0 0 1 - - - - - - V V 1:4 0 1 0 - - - - - V V V 1:8 0 1 1 0 1 0 - - - V V V V V V V V V 1:16 1:32 1 0 1 - - V V V V V V 1:64 1 1 0 - V V V V V V V 1:128 1 1 1 V V V V V V V V 1:256 V = valid value The TCC prescaler timer is assigned to TCC (R1). The contents of the IOCC1 register are cleared when one of the following occurs: 24 • a value is written to the TCC register a value is written to the TCC prescaler bits (Bits 3, 2, 1, 0 of CONT) power-on reset, /RESET WDT time out reset Product Specification (V1.0) 01.25.2008 (This specification is subject to change without further notice) EM78P142 8-Bit Microprocessor with OTP ROM 6.2.20 IOCD1 (LVD Control Register) Bit 7 6 5 4 EM78P142 - - - - TYPE1 TYPE0 LVR1 LVR0 ICE341N 3 2 1 0 LVDIE LVDEN LVD1 LVD0 LVDIE LVDEN LVD1 LVD0 Bits 7~6 (Type 1 ~ Type 0): Type selection for EM78P142. Type 1, Type 0 MCU Type 11 10 01 00 No use No use EM78P142 – 10Pin No use Bits 5~4 (LVR1 ~ LVR0): Low Voltage Reset enable bits. LVR1, LVR0 VDD Reset Level 11 10 01 00 2.4V 3.5V 4.0V VDD Release Level NA (Power-on Reset) 2.6V 3.7V 4.2V Note: The IOCD1 <3> register is both readable and writable. Individual interrupt is enabled by setting to “1” its associated control bit in the IOCD1 <4>. Global interrupt is enabled by the ENI instruction and is disabled by the DISI instruction. Refer to Figure 6-8 Interrupt Input Circuit under Section 6.6 Interrupt. Bit 3 (LVDIE): Low voltage Detector interrupt enable bit. 0 = Disable Low voltage Detector interrupt. 1 = Enable Low voltage Detector interrupt. When a Low Voltage Detect is used to enter an interrupt vector or enter next instruction, the LVDIE bit must be set to “Enable“. Bit 2 (LVDEN): Low Voltage Detector enable bit 0 = Low voltage detector disable 1 = Low voltage detector enable Bits 1~0 (LVD1:0): Low Voltage Detector level bits. LVDEN LVD1, LVD0 LVD Voltage Interrupt Level /LVD 1 11 Vdd ≤ 2.2V 0 Vdd > 2.2V 1 10 Vdd ≤ 3.3V 0 Vdd > 3.3V 1 01 Vdd ≤ 4.0V 0 Vdd > 4.0V 1 1 00 Vdd ≤ 4.5V 0 0 ×× Vdd > 4.5V NA 1 0 1 1 Product Specification (V1.0) 01.25.2008 (This specification is subject to change without further notice) • 25 EM78P142 8-Bit Microprocessor with OTP ROM 6.2.21 IOCE1 (Output Sink Select Control Register) Bit 7 EM78P142 4 3 2 1 0 TIMERSC CPUS IDLE “0” “0” “0” “0” WDTPS TIMERSC CPUS IDLE “0” “0” “0” “0” - ICE341N Bit 7 (WDTPS): 6 5 WDT time-out period select bit. 0 : 4.5 ms 1 : 18 ms Bit 6 (TIMERSC): TCC, TCCA, TCCB, TCCC clock sources select 0/1 → Fs/Fm* Fs: sub frequency for WDT internal RC time base 15kHz ± 30% Fm: main-oscillator clock Bit 5 (CPUS): CPU Oscillator Source Select 0 : sub-oscillator (fs) 1 : main oscillator (fosc) When CPUS=0, the CPU oscillator select sub-oscillator and the main oscillator is stopped. Bit 4 (IDLE): Idle Mode Enable Bit. From SLEP instruction, this bit will determine as to which mode to go. 0 : Idle=”0”+SLEP instruction → sleep mode 1 : Idle=”1”+SLEP instruction → idle mode CPU Operation Mode RESET Normal Mode fosc:oscillation fs: oscillation Wake up wake up CPU: using fosc IDLE="0" +SLEP SLEEP Mode Wake up fosc:stop fs: stop CPU: stop CPUS="0" CPUS="1" Green Mode IDLE="1" +SLEP IDLE="1 "+SLEP fosc:stop fs: oscillation IDLE="0" + SLEP CPU: using fs IDLE Mode fosc:stop fs: oscillation wake up CPU: stop Figure 6-2 CPU Operation Mode Bits 3 ~ 0: 26 • These bits must set to “0” all the time. Product Specification (V1.0) 01.25.2008 (This specification is subject to change without further notice) EM78P142 8-Bit Microprocessor with OTP ROM 6.2.22 IOCF1 (Pull-high Control Register) Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 /PH67 “1” “1” “1” “1” “1” “1” “1” Note: The IOCD0 register is both readable and writable. Bit 7 (/PH67): Control bit is used to enable the pull-high function of the P67 pin. 0 = Enable internal pull-high 1 = Disable internal pull-high Bit 6 ~ 0: These bits must set to “1” all the time. 6.3 TCC/WDT and Prescaler There are two 8-bit timers available as prescalers that can be extended to 16-bit timer for the TCC and WDT respectively. The PST2 ~ PST0 bits of the CONT register are used to determine the ratio of the TCC prescaler, and the PSW2 ~ PSW0 bits of the IOCE0 register are used to determine the prescaler of WDT. The prescaler timer is cleared by the instructions each time such instructions are written into TCC. The WDT and prescaler will be cleared by the “WDTC” and “SLEP” instructions. Figure 6-3 depicts the block diagram of TCC/WDT. TCC (R1) is an 8-bit timer. The TCC clock source can be internal clock (Fosc). NOTE The internal TCC will stop running when in sleep mode. However, during AD conversion, when TCC is set to “SLEP” instruction, if the ADWE bit of the RE register is enabled, the TCC will keep on running. The watchdog timer is a free running on-chip RC oscillator. The WDT will keep on running even when the oscillator driver has been turned off (i.e., in sleep mode). During normal operation or in sleep mode, a WDT time-out (if enabled) will cause the device to reset. The WDT can be enabled or disabled any time during normal mode through software programming. Refer to WDTE bit of IOCE0 register (Section 6.2.10 IOCE0 (WDT Control and Interrupt Mask Registers 2). With no prescaler, the WDT 1 2 time-out period is approximately 18ms or 4.5ms . 1 VDD=5V, WDT time-out period = 16.5ms ± 30% VDD=3V, WDT time-out period = 18ms ± 30% 2 VDD=5V, WDT time-out period = 4.2ms ± 30% VDD=3V, WDT time-out period = 4.5ms ± 30% Product Specification (V1.0) 01.25.2008 (This specification is subject to change without further notice) • 27 EM78P142 8-Bit Microprocessor with OTP ROM Fosc/2 0 TCC Pin 1 8-Bit Counter (IOCC1) Data Bus MUX 8 to 1 MUX TE (CONT) TCC (R1) Prescaler TS (CONT) WDT TCC overflow interrupt PST2~0 (CONT) 8-Bit counter 8 to 1 MUX Prescaler WDTE (IOCE0) PSW2~0 (IOCE0) WDT Time out Figure 6-3 TCC and WDT Block Diagram 6.4 I/O Ports The I/O registers (Port 5, Port 6, and Port 7) are bidirectional tri-state I/O ports. Port 5 is pulled-high and pulled-down internally by software. Likewise, P6 has its open-drain output set through software. Port 5 features an input status changed interrupt (or wake-up) function. Each I/O pin can be defined as "input" or "output" pin by the I/O control register (IOC5 ~ IOC7). The I/O registers and I/O control registers are both readable and writable. The I/O interface circuits for Port 5, Port 6, and Port 7 are illustrated in Figures 6-4, 6-5, and 6-6. 28 • Product Specification (V1.0) 01.25.2008 (This specification is subject to change without further notice) EM78P142 8-Bit Microprocessor with OTP ROM PCRD P R Q _ PORT D C LK Q PCW R C L P R Q IO D D C LK _ PDW R C L Q PDRD 0 1 M U X Note: Pull-high and Open-drain are not shown in the figure. Figure 6-4 I/O Port and I/O Control Register Circuit for Port 6 and Port 7 PCRD Q _ Q P R D CLK PCWR C L P50 ~ P57 Q PORT _ Q 0 1 P R IOD D CLK PDWR C L M U X PDRD TI n D P R CLK C L Q _ Q Note: Pull-high (down) and Open-drain are not shown in the figure. Figure 6-5 I/O Port and I/O Control Register Circuit for Ports 50~57 Product Specification (V1.0) 01.25.2008 (This specification is subject to change without further notice) • 29 EM78P142 8-Bit Microprocessor with OTP ROM I O C F.1 R F.1 TI 0 TI 1 …. TI 8 Figure. 6-6 Port 5 Block Diagram with Input Change Interrupt/Wake-up 6.4.1 Usage of Port 5 Input Change Wake-up/Interrupt Function (1) Wake-up (2) Wake-up and Interrupt (a) Before Sleep (a) Before Sleep 1. Disable WDT 1. Disable WDT 2. Read I/O Port 5 (MOV R5, R5) 2. Read I/O Port 5 (MOV R5, R5) 3. Execute "ENI" or "DISI" 3. Execute "ENI" or "DISI" 4. Enable wake-up bit (Set RE ICWE =1) 4. Enable wake-up bit (Set RE ICWE =1) 5. Execute "SLEP" instruction 5. Enable interrupt (Set IOCF ICIE =1) (b) After wake-up 6. Execute "SLEP" instruction → Next instruction (b) After wake-up 1. IF "ENI" → Interrupt vector (008H) 2. IF "DISI" → Next instruction (3) Interrupt (a) Before Port 5 pin change 1. Read I/O Port 5 (MOV R5,R5) 2. Execute "ENI" or "DISI" 3. Enable interrupt (Set IOCF ICIE =1) (b) After Port 5 pin changed (interrupt) 1. IF "ENI" → Interrupt vector (006H) 2. IF "DISI" → Next instruction 30 • Product Specification (V1.0) 01.25.2008 (This specification is subject to change without further notice) EM78P142 8-Bit Microprocessor with OTP ROM 6.5 Reset and Wake-up 6.5.1 Reset and Wake-up Operation A reset is initiated by one of the following events: 1. Power-on reset 2. /RESET pin input "low" 3. WDT time-out (if enabled) 3 The device is kept in reset condition for a period of approximately 18ms (except in LXT mode) after the reset is detected. When in LXT2 mode, the reset time is 500 ms. Two 3 4 choices (18 ms or 4.5 ms ) are available for WDT-time out period. Once a reset occurs, the following functions are performed (the initial Address is 000h): The oscillator continues running, or will be started (if in sleep mode). The Program Counter (R2) is set to all "0". All I/O port pins are configured as input mode (high-impedance state) The Watchdog Timer and prescaler are cleared When power is switched on, the upper three bits of R3 is cleared The IOCB0 register bits are set to all "1" The IOCC0 register bits are set to all "1" The IOCD0 register bits are set to all "1" Bits 7, 5, and 4 of the IOCE0 register are cleared Bits 5 and 4 of the RE register are cleared RF and IOCF0 registers are cleared Executing the “SLEP” instruction will assert the sleep (power down) mode (When IDLE=”0”.). While entering into sleep mode, the Oscillator, TCC, TCCA, TCCB, and TCCC are stopped. The WDT (if enabled) is cleared but keeps on running. During AD conversion, when “SLEP” instruction is set; the Oscillator, TCC, TCCA, TCCB, and TCCC keep on running. The WDT (if enabled) is cleared but keeps on running. The controller can be awakened by: Case 1 External reset input on /RESET pin Case 2 WDT time-out (if enabled) Case 3 Port 5 input status changes (if ICWE is enabled) 3 VDD=5V, Setup time period = 16.5ms ± 30%. VDD=3V, Setup time period = 18ms ± 30%. 4 VDD=5V, Setup time period = 4.2ms ± 30%. VDD=3V, Setup time period = 4.5ms ± 30%. Product Specification (V1.0) 01.25.2008 (This specification is subject to change without further notice) • 31 EM78P142 8-Bit Microprocessor with OTP ROM Case 4 AD conversion completed (if ADWE is enabled) Case 5 Low Voltage Detector (if LVDWE is enabled) The first two cases (1 and 2) will cause the EM78P142 to reset. The T and P flags of R3 can be used to determine the source of the reset (wake-up). Cases 3, 4, and 5 are considered the continuation of program execution and the global interrupt ("ENI" or "DISI" being executed) determines whether or not the controller branches to the interrupt vector following wake-up. If ENI is executed before SLEP, the instruction will begin to execute from Address 0x06 (Case 3), 0x0C (Case 4), and 0x21 (Case 5) after wake-up. If DISI is executed before SLEP, the execution will restart from the instruction next to SLEP after wake-up. Only one of Cases 2 to 5 can be enabled before entering into sleep mode. That is: Case [a] If WDT is enabled before SLEP, all of the RE bit is disabled. Hence, the EM78P142 can be awakened only with Case 1 or Case 2. Refer to the section on Interrupt (Section 6.6) for further details. Case [b] If Port 5 Input Status Change is used to wake up the EM78P142 and the ICWE bit of the RE register is enabled before SLEP, and WDT must be disabled. Hence, the EM78P142 can be awakened only with Case 3. Wake-up time is dependent on the oscillator mode. In RC mode, Wake-up time is 10µs (for stable oscillators). In HXT2 (4 MHz) mode, Wake-up time is 800 µs (for stable oscillators), and in LXT2 mode, Wake-up time is 2s ~ 3s. Case [c] If AD conversion completed is used to wake-up the EM78P142 and ADWE bit of RE register is enabled before SLEP, WDT must be disabled by software. Hence, the EM78P142 can be awakened only with Case 4. The wake-up time is 15 TAD (ADC clock period). Case[d] If Low voltage detector is used to wake-up the EM78P142 and the LVDWE bit of Bank 0-RE register is enabled before SLEP, WDT must be disabled by software. Hence, the EM78P142 can be awakened only with Case 5. Wake-up time is dependent on the oscillator mode. If Port 5 Input Status Change Interrupt is used to wake up the EM78P142 (as in Case [b] above), the following instructions must be executed before SLEP: BC MOV IOW WDTC MOV ENI (or DISI) MOV MOV MOV IOW SLEP 32 • R3, 6 A, @00xx1110b IOCE0 R5, R5 A, @xxxxxx1xb RE A, @xxxxxx1xb IOCF0 ; Select Segment 0 ; Select WDT prescaler and Disable WDT ; ; ; ; Clear WDT and prescaler Read Port 5 Enable (or disable) global interrupt Enable Port 5 input change wake-up bit ; Enable Port 5 input change interrupt ; Sleep Product Specification (V1.0) 01.25.2008 (This specification is subject to change without further notice) EM78P142 8-Bit Microprocessor with OTP ROM 6.5.1.1 Wake-up and Interrupt Modes Operation Summary The controller can be awakened from sleep mode and idle mode. The wake-up signals are listed as follows. Wake-up Signal Sleep Mode Idle Mode If enable ICWE bit Wake-up + interrupt (if interrupt is enabled) + next instruction Wake-up + interrupt TCC overflow x (if interrupt is enabled) interrupt + next instruction If enable ADWE bit If enable ADWE bit AD Wake-up + interrupt Wake-up + interrupt conversion (if interrupt is enabled) (if interrupt is enabled) complete + next instruction + next instruction interrupt Fs and Fm don’t stop Fs and Fm don’t stop High-pulse Wake-up + interrupt width timer x (if interrupt is enabled) underflow + next instruction interrupt Low-pulse Wake-up + interrupt width timer x (if interrupt is enabled) underflow + next instruction interrupt Wake-up + interrupt TCCA x (if interrupt is enabled) overflow + next instruction interrupt TCCB Wake-up + interrupt x (if interrupt is enabled) overflow interrupt + next instruction TCCC Wake-up + interrupt x overflow (if interrupt is enabled) interrupt + next instruction If Enable LVDWE bit If Enable LVDWE bit Low Voltage Wake-up + interrupt Wake-up + interrupt Detector (if interrupt is enabled) (if interrupt is enabled) interrupt + next instruction + next instruction WDT Time out Low Voltage Reset Port 5 pin change If enable ICWE bit Wake-up + interrupt (if interrupt is enabled) + next instruction Green Mode Normal Mode Interrupt (if interrupt is enabled) or next instruction Interrupt (if interrupt is enabled) or next instruction Interrupt (if interrupt is enabled) or next instruction Interrupt (if interrupt is enabled) or next instruction Interrupt × (if interrupt is enabled) Fs and Fm don’t stop or next instruction Interrupt (if interrupt is enabled) or next instruction Interrupt (if interrupt is enabled) or next instruction Interrupt (if interrupt is enabled) or next instruction Interrupt (if interrupt is enabled) or next instruction Interrupt (if interrupt is enabled) or next instruction Interrupt (if interrupt is enabled) or next instruction Interrupt (if interrupt is enabled) or next instruction Interrupt (if interrupt is enabled) or next instruction Interrupt (if interrupt is enabled) or next instruction Interrupt (if interrupt is enabled) or next instruction Interrupt (if interrupt is enabled) or next instruction Interrupt (if interrupt is enabled) or next instruction Reset Reset Reset Reset After wake up: 1. If interrupt is enabled → interrupt+ next instruction 2. If interrupt is disabled → next instruction Product Specification (V1.0) 01.25.2008 (This specification is subject to change without further notice) • 33 EM78P142 8-Bit Microprocessor with OTP ROM Signal Port 5 Input Status Change TCC Overflow 34 • Sleep Mode Idle Mode* Normal Mode Green Mode RE (ICWE) Bit 1=0, IOCF0 (ICIE) Bit 1=0 RE (ICWE) Bit 1=0, IOCF0 (ICIE) Bit 1=0 IOCF0 (ICIE) Bit 1=0 Oscillator, TCC, TCCX and IR/PWM are stopped. Port 5 input status changed wake-up is invalid. TCC, TCCX and IR/PWM keep on running. Port5 input status changed wake-up is invalid. Port 5 input status Port 5 input status change change interrupted is interrupted is invalid invalid RE (ICWE) Bit 1=0, IOCF0 (ICIE) Bit 1=1 RE (ICWE) Bit 1=0, IOCF0 (ICIE) Bit 1=1 NA NA Set RF (ICIF)=1, Oscillator, TCC, TCCX and IR/PWM are stopped. Port 5 input status changed wake-up is invalid. Set RF (ICIF)=1, TCC, TCCX and IR/PWM keep on running. Port5 input status changed wake-up is invalid. NA NA RE (ICWE) Bit 1=1, IOCF0 (ICIE) Bit 1=0 RE (ICWE) Bit 1=1, IOCF0 (ICIE) Bit1=0 NA NA Wake-up + Next Instruction Oscillator, TCC, TCCX and IR/PWM are stopped. Wake-up + Next Instruction TCC, TCCX and IR/PWM keep on running. NA NA RE (ICWE) Bit1=1, DISI + IOCF0 (ICIE) Bit 1=1 RE (ICWE) Bit 1=1, DISI + IOCF0 (ICIE) Bit 1=1 DISI + IOCF0 (ICIE) Bit 1=1 DISI + IOCF0 (ICIE) Bit 1=1 Wake-up + Next Instruction + Set RF (ICIF)=1 Oscillator, TCC, TCCX and IR/PWM are stopped. Wake-up + Next Instruction + Set RF (ICIF)=1 TCC, TCCX and IR/PWM keep on running. Next Instruction + Set RF (ICIF)=1 Next Instruction + Set RF (ICIF)=1 RE (ICWE) Bit 1=1, ENI + IOCF0 (ICIE) Bit 1=1 RE (ICWE) Bit 1=1, ENI + IOCF0 (ICIE) Bit 1=1 ENI + IOCF0 (ICIE) Bit 1=1 ENI + IOCF0 (ICIE) Bit 1=1 Wake-up + Interrupt Vector (006H) + Set RF (ICIF)=1 Oscillator, TCC, TCCX and IR/PWM are stopped. Wake-up + Interrupt Vector (006H) + Set RF (ICIF)=1 TCC, TCCX and IR/PWM keep on running. Interrupt Vector(006H) + Set RF (ICIF)=1 Interrupt Vector(006H) + Set RF (ICIF)=1 DISI+IOCF0(TCIE) Bit 0 =1 DISI + IOCF0 (TCIE) Bit 0=1 DISI + IOCF0 (TCIE) Bit 0=1 Wake-up + next instruction Set RF (TCIF)=1 Next Instruction + Set RF (TCIF)=1 Next Instruction + Set RF (TCIF)=1 ENI + IOCF0(TCIE) Bit 0 =1 ENI + IOCF0 (TCIE) Bit 0=1 ENI + IOCF0 (TCIE) Bit 0=1 Wake-up + Interrupt Vector (009H) + Set RF (TCIF)=1 Interrupt Vector (009H) + Set RF (TCIF)=1 Interrupt Vector (009H) + Set RF (TCIF)=1 NA IOCF0 (ICIE) Bit 1=0 Product Specification (V1.0) 01.25.2008 (This specification is subject to change without further notice) EM78P142 8-Bit Microprocessor with OTP ROM Signal Sleep Mode RE (ADWE) Bit 3=0, IOCE0 (ADIE) Bit 5=0 Clear R9 (ADRUN)=0, ADC is stopped, AD conversion wake-up is invalid. Oscillator, TCC, TCCX and IR/PWM are stopped. RE (ADWE) Bit 3=0, IOCE0 (ADIE) Bit 5=1 Set RF (ADIF)=1, R9 (ADRUN)=0, ADC is stopped, AD conversion wake-up is invalid. Oscillator, TCC, TCCX and IR/PWM are stopped. AD Conversion Idle Mode* RE (ADWE) Bit 3=0, IOCE0 (ADIE) Bit 5=0 AD conversion wake-up is invalid. RE (ADWE) Bit 3=0, IOCE0 (ADIE) Bit 5=1 AD conversion wake-up is invalid. Oscillator, TCC, TCCX and IR/PWM keep on running. Wake-up when ADC completed. Oscillator, TCC, TCCX and IR/PWM keep on running. Oscillator, TCC, TCCX and IR/PWM keep on running. Wake-up when ADC completed. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Wake-up when ADC completed. RE (ADWE) Bit 3=1, DISI + IOCE0 (ADIE) Bit 5=1 DISI + IOCE0 (ADIE) Bit 5=1 DISI + IOCE0 (ADIE) Bit 5=1 Next Instruction Next Instruction + RE (ADIF)=1 + RE (ADIF)=1 ENI + IOCE0 (ADIE) Bit 5=1 ENI + IOCE0 (ADIE) Bit 5=1 Interrupt Vector (00CH) Interrupt Vector (00CH) + Set RE (ADIF)=1 + Set RE (ADIF)=1 Wake-up + Next Instruction + RE (ADIF)=1, Oscillator, TCC, TCCX and IR/PWM keep on running. Wake-up when ADC completed. RE (ADWE) Bit 3=1, ENI RE (ADWE) Bit 3=1, ENI + + IOCE0 (ADIE) Bit 5=1 IOCE0 (ADIE) Bit 5=1 Wake-up + Interrupt Vector (00CH)+ RE (ADIF)=1, NA Oscillator, TCC, TCCX and IR/PWM keep on running. Wake-up + Next Instruction, Wake-up + Next Instruction + RE (ADIF)=1, AD conversion interrupted AD conversion is invalid interrupted is invalid Set RF (ADIF)=1, R9 (ADRUN)=0, ADC is stopped, Wake-up + Next Instruction, RE (ADWE) Bit 3=1, DISI + IOCE0 (ADIE) Bit 5=1 IOCE0 (ADIE) Bit 5=0 Oscillator, TCC, TCCX and IR/PWM keep on running. RE (ADWE) Bit 3=1, IOCE0 (ADIE) Bit 5=0 Wake-up when ADC completed. IOCE0 (ADIE) Bit 5=0 Green Mode Clear R9 (ADRUN)=0, ADC is stopped, RE (ADWE) Bit 3=1, IOCE0 (ADIE) Bit 5=0 Oscillator, TCC, TCCX and IR/PWM keep on running. Normal Mode Wake-up + Interrupt Vector (00CH)+ RE (ADIF)=1, Oscillator, TCC, TCCX and IR/PWM keep on running. Wake-up when ADC completed. Product Specification (V1.0) 01.25.2008 (This specification is subject to change without further notice) • 35 EM78P142 8-Bit Microprocessor with OTP ROM Signal Sleep Mode IR/PWM underflow interrupt (High-pulse width timer underflow interrupt) IR/PWM underflow interrupt (Low-pulse width timer underflow interrupt) NA NA Idle Mode* Normal Mode Green Mode DISI + IOCF0 (HPWTIE) Bit 6=1 DISI + IOCF0 (HPWTIE) Bit 6=1 DISI + IOCF0 (HPWTIE) Bit 6=1 Wake-up +Next Instruction + Set RF (HPWTIF)=1 Next Instruction + Set RF (HPWTIF)=1 Next Instruction + Set RF (HPWTIF)=1 ENI + IOCF0 (HPWTIE) Bit 6 =1 ENI + IOCF0 (HPWTIE) Bit 6 =1 ENI + IOCF0 (HPWTIE) Bit 6 =1 Wake-up +Interrupt Vector (012H) + Set RF (HPWTIF)=1 Interrupt Vector (012H) + Set RF (HPWTIF)=1 Interrupt Vector (012H) + Set RF (HPWTIF)=1 DISI + IOCF0 (LPWTIE) Bit 7=1 DISI + IOCF0 (LPWTIE) Bit 7=1 DISI + IOCF0 (LPWTIE) Bit 7=1 Wake-up +Next Instruction Next Instruction Next Instruction + Set RF (LPWTIF)=1 + Set RF (LPWTIF)=1 + Set RF (LPWTIF)=1 ENI + IOCF0 (LPWTIE) Bit 7 =1 ENI + IOCF0 (LPWTIE) Bit 7 =1 ENI + IOCF0 (LPWTIE) Bit 7 =1 Wake-up +Interrupt Vector (015H) Interrupt Vector (015H) Interrupt Vector (015H) + Set RF (LPWTIF)=1 + Set RF (LPWTIF)=1 DISI + IOCF0 (TCCAIE) Bit 3=1 DISI + IOCF0 (TCCAIE) Bit 3=1 DISI + IOCF0 (TCCAIE) Bit 3=1 Wake-up +Next Instruction Next Instruction Next Instruction + Set RF (TCCAIF)=1 + Set RF (TCCAIF)=1 + Set RF (TCCAIF)=1 ENI + IOCF0 (TCCAIE) Bit 3=1 ENI + IOCF0 (TCCAIE) Bit 3=1 ENI + IOCF0 (TCCAIE) Bit 3=1 Wake-up +Interrupt Vector (018H) Interrupt Vector (018H) Interrupt Vector (018H) + Set RF (TCCAIF)=1 + Set RF (TCCAIF)=1 DISI + IOCF0 (TCCBIE) Bit 4=1 DISI + IOCF0 (TCCBIE) Bit 4=1 DISI + IOCF0 (TCCBIE) Bit 4=1 Wake-up +Next Instruction Next Instruction Next Instruction + Set RF (TCCBIF)=1 + Set RF (TCCBIF)=1 + Set RF (TCCBIF)=1 ENI + IOCF0 (TCCBIE) Bit 4=1 ENI + IOCF0 (TCCBIE) Bit 4=1 ENI + IOCF0 (TCCBIE) Bit 4=1 Interrupt Vector (01BH) Wake-up +Interrupt Vector (01BH) + Set RF(TCCBIF)=1 + Set RF (TCCBIF)=1 Interrupt Vector (01BH) DISI + IOCF0 (TCCCIE) Bit 5=1 DISI + IOCF0 (TCCCIE) Bit 5=1 DISI + IOCF0 (TCCCIE) Bit 5=1 Wake-up +Next Instruction Next Instruction Next Instruction + Set RF (TCCCIF)=1 + Set RF (TCCCIF)=1 + Set RF (TCCCIF)=1 ENI + IOCF0 (TCCCIE) Bit 5=1 ENI + IOCF0 (TCCCIE) Bit 5=1 ENI + IOCF0 (TCCCIE) Bit 5=1 Interrupt Vector (01EH) Interrupt Vector (01EH) + Set RF (TCCCIF)=1 + Set RF (TCCCIF)=1 + Set RF (LPWTIF)=1 TCCA Over Flow NA + Set RF (TCCAIF)=1 TCCB Over Flow TCCC Over Flow NA NA Wake-up +Interrupt Vector (01EH) + Set RF (TCCCIF)=1 36 • + Set RF (TCCBIF)=1 Product Specification (V1.0) 01.25.2008 (This specification is subject to change without further notice) EM78P142 8-Bit Microprocessor with OTP ROM Signal Sleep Mode RE (LVDWE) Bit 0=0, IOCD1 (LVDIE) Bit 3=0 Low voltage detector wake-up is invalid. Oscillator, TCC, TCCX and IR/PWM are stopped. RE (LVDWE) Bit 0=0, IOCD1 (LVDIE) Bit 3=1 Set RE (LVDIF)=1, Low voltage detector wake-up is invalid. Oscillator, TCC, TCCX and IR/PWM are stopped. RE (LVDWE) Bit 0=1, IOCD1 (LVDIE) Bit 3=0 Idle Mode* Normal Mode RE (LVDWE) Bit 0=0, IOCD1 IOCD1 (LVDIE) Bit 3=0 (LVDIE) Bit 3=0 Low voltage detector wake-up is invalid. TCC, TCCX and IR/PWM keep on running. RE (LVDWE) Bit 0=0, IOCD1 (LVDIE) Bit 3=1 Low voltage detector interrupted is invalid. Green Mode IOCD1 (LVDIE) Bit 3=0 Low voltage detector interrupted is invalid. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Set RE (LVDIF)=1, Low voltage detector wake-up is invalid. TCC, TCCX and IR/PWM keep on running. RE (LVDWE) Bit 0=1, IOCD1 (LVDIE) Bit 3=0 Wake-up + Next Low Voltage Instruction, Detector Oscillator, TCC, TCCX interrupt and IR/PWM are Wake-up + Next Instruction, TCC, TCCX and IR/PWM keep on running. stopped. RE (LVDWE) Bit =1, DISI + IOCD1 (LVDIE) Bit 3=1 Wake-up + Next Instruction + Set RE (LVDIF)=1, Oscillator, TCC, TCCX and IR/PWM are stopped. RE (LVDWE) Bit 2=1, ENI + IOCD1 (LVDIE) Bit 3=1 RE (LVDWE) Bit 0=1, DISI + DISI + IOCD1 (LVDIE) IOCD1 (LVDIE) Bit 3=1 Bit 3=1 DISI + IOCD1 (LVDIE) Bit 3=1 Wake-up + Next Instruction + Set RE (LVDIF)=1, Next Instruction Next Instruction TCC, TCCX and IR/PWM keep on running. + Set RE (LVDIF)=1 + Set RE (LVDIF)=1 RE (LVDWE) Bit0=1, ENI + IOCD1 (LVDIE) Bit 3=1 ENI + IOCD1 (LVDIE) Bit 3=1 ENI + IOCD1 (LVDIE) Bit 3=1 Wake-up + Interrupt Wake-up + Interrupt Vector Vector (021H) + Set RE (021H) + Set RE (LVDIF)=1, Interrupt Vector (021H) (LVDIF)=1,Oscillator, TCC, TCCX and IR/PWM + Set RE (LVDIF)=1 TCC, TCCX and keep on running. IR/PWM are stopped. WDT Timeout Wake-up + Reset IOCE (WDTE) (Address 0x00) Bit 7=1 Wake-up + Reset Low voltage reset Wake-up + Reset Wake-up + Reset (Address 0x00) (Address 0x00) (Address 0x00) Product Specification (V1.0) 01.25.2008 (This specification is subject to change without further notice) Reset (Address 0x00) Reset (Address 0x00) Interrupt Vector (021H) + Set RE (LVDIF)=1 Reset (Address 0x00) Reset (Address 0x00) • 37 EM78P142 8-Bit Microprocessor with OTP ROM 6.5.1.2 Register Initial Values after Reset The following summarizes the initialized values for registers. Address Name Reset Type Bit Name NA IOC50 NA NA IOC60 IOC70 IOC80 IOC90 NA 38 • IOCA0 (IRCR) IOCB0 (PDCR) Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 – – C55 – C53 C52 C51 C50 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 /RESET and WDT P P P P P P P P Wake-up from Pin Change 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 C67 – – – – – – – Type 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Power-on 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 /RESET and WDT P P P P P P P P Wake-up from Pin Change 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Bit Name × × × × × × C71 C70 Power-on 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 /RESET and WDT 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 Wake-up from Pin Change P P P P P P P P Bit Name × × – – – TCCAEN – – Power-on 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 /RESET and WDT 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Wake-up from Pin Change P P P P P P P P – – × TCCCEN – – TCCBHE TCCBEN Power-on 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 /RESET and WDT 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Wake-up from Pin Change P P P P P P P P IRE HF LGP IROUTE Bit Name NA Bit 5 Power-on Bit Name NA Bit 6 Type Bit Name NA Bit 7 TCCCSE TCCCS2 TCCCS1 TCCCS0 Power-on 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 /RESET and WDT 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Wake-up from Pin Change P P P P P P P P Bit Name – – /PD55 – /PD53 /PD52 /PD51 /PD50 Power-on 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 /RESET and WDT 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Wake-up from Pin Change P P P P P P P P Product Specification (V1.0) 01.25.2008 (This specification is subject to change without further notice) EM78P142 8-Bit Microprocessor with OTP ROM Address NA NA NA Name IOCC0 (ODCR) IOCD0 (PHCR1) IOCE0 Reset Type NA NA IOCF0 IOC51 (TCCA) IOC61 (TCCB) NA NA IOC71 (TCCBH) IOC81 (TCCC) IOC91 (LTR) Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 /OD67 – – – – – – – Power-on 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 /RESET and WDT 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Wake-up from Pin Change P P P P P P P P Bit Name – – /PH55 – /PH53 /PH52 /PH51 /PH50 Power-on 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 /RESET and WDT 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Wake-up from Pin Change P P P P P P P P Bit Name WDTC – ADIE – PSWE PSW2 PSW1 PSW0 Power-on 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 /RESET and WDT 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Wake-up from Pin Change P P P P P P P P – ICIE TCIE LPWTIE HPWTIE TCCCIE TCCBIE TCCAIE Power-on 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 /RESET and WDT 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Wake-up from Pin Change P P P P P P P P Bit Name TCCA7 TCCA6 TCCA5 TCCA4 TCCA3 TCCA2 TCCA1 TCCA0 Power-on 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 /RESET and WDT 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Wake-up from Pin Change P P P P P P P P Bit Name TCCB7 TCCB6 TCCB5 TCCB4 TCCB3 TCCB2 TCCB1 TCCB0 Power-on 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 /RESET and WDT 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Wake-up from Pin Change P P P P P P P P Bit Name NA Bit 6 Bit Name Bit Name NA Bit 7 TCCBH7 TCCBH6 TCCBH5 TCCBH4 TCCBH3 TCCBH2 TCCBH1 TCCBH0 Power-on 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 /RESET and WDT 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Wake-up from Pin Change P P P P P P P P Bit Name TCCC7 TCCC6 TCCC5 TCCC4 TCCC3 TCCC2 TCCC1 TCCC0 Power-on 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 /RESET and WDT 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Wake-up from Pin Change P P P P P P P P Bit Name LTR7 LTR6 LTR5 LTR4 LTR3 LTR2 LTR1 LTR0 Power-on 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 /RESET and WDT 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Wake-p from Pin Change P P P P P P P P Product Specification (V1.0) 01.25.2008 (This specification is subject to change without further notice) • 39 EM78P142 8-Bit Microprocessor with OTP ROM Address NA NA Name IOCA1 (HTR) IOCB1 (HLTS) Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Bit Name Reset Type HTR7 HTR6 HTR5 HTR4 HTR3 HTR2 HTR1 HTR0 Power-on 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 /RESET and WDT 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Wake-up from Pin Change P P P P P P P P Bit Name HTSE HTS2 HTS1 HTS0 LTSE LTS2 LTS1 LTS0 Power-on 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 /RESET and WDT 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Wake-up from Pin Change P P P P P P P P Bit Name NA IOCC1 (TCCPC) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 /RESET and WDT 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Wake-up from Pin Change P P P P P P P P TYPE1 TYPE0 LVR1 LVR0 LVDIE LVDEN LVD1 LVD0 Bit Name NA Power-on IOCD1 (LVD CR) /RESET and WDT (ROMLESS) Wake-up from Pin Change HS1 NA NA NA 0x00 0x01 40 • CONT R0 (IAR) R1 (TCC) 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 P P P P 0 P 1 1 P P P P P P P P IDLE – – – – 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 P 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 P P P P P P P P Bit Name /PH67 – – – – – – – Power-on 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 /RESET and WDT 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Wake-up from Pin Change P P P P P P P P Bit Name – INT – – PSTE PST2 PST1 PST0 Power-on 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 /RESET and WDT 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 Wake-up from Pin Change P P P P P P P P Bit Name – – – – – – – – Power-on U U U U U U U U /RESET and WDT P P P P P P P P Wake-up from Pin Change P P P P P P P P Bit Name – – – – – – – – Power-on 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 /RESET and WDT 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 Wake-up from Pin Change P P P P P P P P Power-on IOCE1 (HSC) /RESET and WDT (ROMLESS) Wake-up from Pin Change IOCF1 (PHCR2) TCCPC7 TCCPC6 TCCPC5 TCCPC4 TCCPC3 TCCPC2 TCCPC1 TCCPC0 Power-on WDPTS TIMERSC CPUS Product Specification (V1.0) 01.25.2008 (This specification is subject to change without further notice) EM78P142 8-Bit Microprocessor with OTP ROM Address 0x02 Name R2 (PC) Reset Type Bit 7 0x04 0x05 0x06 0x7 0x8 0x9 0xA R3 (SR) R4 (RSR) R5 R6 R7 R8 (AISR) R9 (ADCON) RA (ADOC) Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Bit Name – – – – – – – – Power-on 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 /RESET and WDT 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Wake-up from Pin Change 0x03 Bit 6 Jump to Address 0x06 or continue to execute next instruction Bit Name RST IOCS – T P Z DC C Power-on 0 0 0 1 1 U U U /RESET and WDT 0 0 0 T t P P P Wake-up from Pin Change P P P T t P P P Bit Name × BS – – – – – – Power-on 0 0 U U U U U U /RESET and WDT 0 0 P P P P P P Wake-up from Pin Change 0 P P P P P P P Bit Name – – P55 – P53 P52 P51 P50 Power-on 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 /RESET and WDT 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Wake-up from Pin Change P P P P P P P P Bit Name P67 – – – – – – – Power-on 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 /RESET and WDT 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Wake-up from Pin Change P P P P P P P P Bit Name – – – – – – P71 P70 Power-on 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 /RESET and WDT 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 Wake-up from Pin Change P P P P P P P P Bit Name – ADE6 ADE5 ADE4 ADE3 ADE2 ADE1 ADE0 Power-on 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 /RESET and WDT 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Wake-up from Pin Change 0 0 0 0 P P P P Bit Name – CKR1 CKR0 ADRUN ADPD ADIS2 ADIS1 ADIS0 Power-on 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 /RESET and WDT 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Wake-up from Pin Change P P P P P 0 P P Bit Name CALI SIGN VOF[2] VOF[1] VOF[0] – – – Power-on 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 /RESET and WDT 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Wake-up from Pin Change P P P P P P P P Product Specification (V1.0) 01.25.2008 (This specification is subject to change without further notice) • 41 EM78P142 8-Bit Microprocessor with OTP ROM Address 0XB 0XC Name RB (ADDATA) Reset Type Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Bit Name AD11 AD10 AD9 AD8 AD7 AD6 AD5 AD4 Power-on U U U U U U U U /RESET and WDT U U U U U U U U Wake-up from Pin Change P P P P P P P P Bit Name “0” “0” “0” “0” AD11 AD10 AD9 AD8 0 0 0 0 U U U U 0 0 0 0 U U U U 0 0 0 0 P P P P AD7 AD6 AD5 AD4 AD3 AD2 AD1 AD0 Power-on RC (ADDATA1H) /RESET and WDT Wake-up from Pin Change Bit Name 0XD 0xE Power-on RD (ADDATA1L) /RESET and WDT Wake-up from Pin Change RE (ISR2) U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U P P P P P P P P Bit Name /LVD LVDIF ADIF – ADWE – ICWE LVDWE Power-on 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 /RESET and WDT 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Wake-up from Pin Change P P P P P P P P – ICIF TCIF Bit Name 0xF 0x10~0x3F RF (ISR1) R10~R3F Power-on 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 /RESET and WDT 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Wake-up from Pin Change P P P P P P P P Bit Name – – – – – – – – Power-on U U U U U U U U /RESET and WDT P P P P P P P P Wake-up from Pin Change P P P P P P P P Legend: “×” = not used “u” = unknown or don’t care 42 • LPWTIF HPWTIF TCCCIF TCCBIF TCCAIF “P” = previous value before reset “t” = check “Reset Type” Table in Section 6.5.2 Product Specification (V1.0) 01.25.2008 (This specification is subject to change without further notice) EM78P142 8-Bit Microprocessor with OTP ROM 6.5.1.3 Controller Reset Block Diagram VDD D Oscillator Q CLK CLK CLR Power-on Reset Voltage Detector ENWDTB WDT Timeout Reset Setup time WDT /RESET Figure 6-7 Controller Reset Block Diagram 6.5.2 The T and P Status under Status Register A reset condition is initiated by one of the following events: 1. Power-on reset 2. /RESET pin input "low" 3. WDT time-out (if enabled) The values of T and P as listed in the table below, are used to check how the processor wakes up. RST T P Power-on Reset Type 0 1 1 /RESET during Operating mode, 0 *P *P /RESET wake-up during Sleep mode 0 1 0 LVR during Operating mode, LVR wake-up during Sleep mode 0 0 *P 1 *P 0 WDT during Operating mode 0 0 1 WDT wake-up during Sleep mode 0 0 0 Wake-up on pin change during Sleep mode 1 1 0 *P: Previous status before reset The following shows the events that may affect the status of T and P. Event RST T P Power-on WDTC instruction 0 *P 1 1 1 1 WDT time-out 0 0 *P SLEP instruction *P 1 0 Wake-up on pin changed during Sleep mode 1 1 0 *P: Previous value before reset Product Specification (V1.0) 01.25.2008 (This specification is subject to change without further notice) • 43 EM78P142 8-Bit Microprocessor with OTP ROM 6.6 Interrupt The EM78P142 has five interrupts enumerated below: 1. TCC, TCCA, TCCB, TCCC overflow interrupt 2. Port 5 Input Status Change Interrupt 3. Analog to Digital conversion completed 4. IR/PWM underflow interrupt 5. Low voltage detector interrupt Before the Port 5 Input Status Change Interrupt is enabled, reading Port 5 (e.g. "MOV R5, R5") is necessary. Each Port 5 pin will have this feature if its status changes. The Port 5 Input Status Change Interrupt will wake up the EM78P142 from sleep mode if it is enabled prior to going into sleep mode by executing SLEP instruction. When wake up occurs, the controller will continue to execute program in-line if the global interrupt is disabled. If enabled, the global interrupt will branch out to the Interrupt Vector 006H. RF and RE are the interrupt status register that records the interrupt requests in the relative flags/bits. IOCF0 and IOCE0 are interrupt mask registers. The global interrupt is enabled by the ENI instruction and is disabled by the DISI instruction. Once in the interrupt service routine, the source of an interrupt can be determined by polling the flag bits in RF. The interrupt flag bit must be cleared by instructions before leaving the interrupt service routine to avoid recursive interrupts. When interrupt mask bits is “Enable”, the flag in the Interrupt Status Register (RF) is set regardless of the ENI execution. Note that the result of RF will be the logic AND of RF and IOCF0 (refer to figure below). The RETI instruction ends the interrupt routine and enables the global interrupt (the ENI execution). When an interrupt is generated by the Timer clock (when enabled), the next instruction will be fetched from Address 009, 018, 01B, and 01EH (TCC, TCCA, TCCB, and TCCC respectively). When an interrupt generated by the AD conversion is completed (when enabled), the next instruction will be fetched from Address 00CH When an interrupt is generated by the High time / Low time down counter underflow (when enabled), the next instruction will be fetched from Addresses 012 and 015H (High time and Low time respectively). When an interrupt is generated by the Low Voltage Detect (when enabled), the next instruction will be fetched from Address 021 (Low Voltage Detector interrupt). Before an interrupt subroutine is executed, the contents of ACC and the R3 and R4 registers are saved first by the hardware. If another interrupt occurs, the ACC, R3, and R4 will be replaced by the new interrupt. After an interrupt service routine is completed, the ACC, R3, and R4 registers are restored. 44 • Product Specification (V1.0) 01.25.2008 (This specification is subject to change without further notice) EM78P142 8-Bit Microprocessor with OTP ROM VCC D /IRQn P R CLK C L Q IRQn INT _ Q IRQm RFRD RF ENI/DISI P R Q IOCF _ Q C L IOD D CLK IOCFWR /RESET IOCFRD RFWR Interrupt sources ACC Interrupt occurs Stack ACC ENI/DISI R3 (7~5, 2~0) RETI R4 (6~0) Stack R3 Stack R4 Figure 6-8 Interrupt Back-up Diagram In EM78P142, each individual interrupt source has its own interrupt vector as depicted in the table below. Interrupt Vector Interrupt Status Priority* 003H NA − 006H Port 5 pin change 2 009H TCC overflow interrupt 3 00CH AD conversion complete interrupt 4 00FH NA − 012H High-pulse width timer underflow interrupt 5 015H Low-pulse width timer underflow interrupt 6 018H TCCA overflow interrupt 7 01BH TCCB overflow interrupt 8 01EH TCCC overflow interrupt 9 021H Low Voltage Detector interrupt 1 Note: *Priority: 1 = highest ; 9 = lowest priority Product Specification (V1.0) 01.25.2008 (This specification is subject to change without further notice) • 45 EM78P142 8-Bit Microprocessor with OTP ROM 6.7 Analog-To-Digital Converter (ADC) The analog-to-digital circuitry consists of an 8-bit analog multiplexer; three control registers (AISR/R8, ADCON/R9, & ADOC/RA), three data registers (ADDATA1/RB, ADDATA1H/RC, and ADDATA1L/RD) and an ADC with 12-bit resolution as shown in the functional block diagram below. The analog reference voltage (Vref) and the analog ground are connected via separate input pins. The ADC module utilizes successive approximation to convert the unknown analog signal into a digital value. The result is fed to the ADDATA, ADDATA1H, and ADDATA1L. Input channels are selected by the analog input multiplexer via the ADCON register Bits ADIS1 and ADIS0. ADC7 Vref ADC6 h c t i w S g o l a n A 1 8 ADC5 ADC4 ADC3 ADC2 ADC1 ADC0 Power-Down ADC ( successive approximation ) Start to Convert Fsco 4-1 MUX Internal RC 7 ~ 0 1 0 6 ADCON AISR 3 5 ADCON 11 10 RF 9 8 7 6 ADDATA1H 5 4 3 2 1 4 0 3 ADCON ADDATA1L DATA BUS Figure 6-9 Analog-to-Digital Conversion Functional Block Diagram 6.7.1 ADC Control Register (AISR/R8, ADCON/R9, ADOC/RA) 6.7.1.1 R8 (AISR: ADC Input Select Register) Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 “0” ADE6 ADE5 ADE4 ADE3 ADE2 ADE1 ADE0 The AISR register individually defines the P5, P6 and P7 pins as analog inputs or as digital I/O. Bit 7: Bit 6 (ADE6): This bit must be set to “0” all the time. AD converter enable bit of P55 pin 0 : Disable ADC6, P55 functions as I/O pin 1 : Enable ADC6 to function as analog input pin Bit 5 (ADE5): AD converter enable bit of P70 pin 0 : Disable ADC5, P70 functions as I/O pin 1 : Enable ADC5 to function as analog input pin 46 • Product Specification (V1.0) 01.25.2008 (This specification is subject to change without further notice) EM78P142 8-Bit Microprocessor with OTP ROM Bit 4 (ADE4): AD converter enable bit of P67 pin 0 = Disable ADC4, P67 functions as I/O pin 1 = Enable ADC4 to function as analog input pin Bit 3 (ADE3): AD converter enable bit of P53 pin 0 = Disable ADC3, P53 functions as I/O pin 1 = Enable ADC3 to function as analog input pin Bit 2 (ADE2): AD converter enable bit of P52 pin 0 = Disable ADC2, P53 functions as I/O pin 1 = Enable ADC2 to function as analog input pin Bit 1 (ADE1): AD converter enable bit of P51 pin 0 = Disable ADC1, P51 acts as I/O pin 1 = Enable ADC1 acts as analog input pin Bit 0 (ADE0): AD converter enable bit of P50 pin 0 = Disable ADC0, P50 functions as I/O pin 1 = Enable ADC0 to function as analog input pin 6.7.1.2 R9 (ADCON: ADC Control Register) Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 “0” CKR1 CKR0 ADRUN ADPD ADIS2 ADIS1 ADIS0 The ADCON register controls the operation of the AD conversion and decides which pin should be currently active. Bit 7: This bit must be set to “0” all the time Bit 6 ~ Bit 5 (CKR1 ~ CKR0): The prescaler of ADC oscillator clock rate 00 = 1: 16 (default value) 01 = 1: 4 10 = 1: 64 11 = 1: 8 CPUS CKR1: CKR0 Operation Mode Max. Operation Frequency 1 00 Fosc/16 4 MHz 1 01 Fosc/4 1 MHz 1 10 Fosc/64 16 MHz 1 11 Fosc/8 2 MHz 0 ×× Internal RC − Bit 4 (ADRUN): ADC starts to RUN 0 : reset upon completion of the conversion. This bit cannot be reset though software. 1 : an AD conversion is started. This bit can be set by software. Product Specification (V1.0) 01.25.2008 (This specification is subject to change without further notice) • 47 EM78P142 8-Bit Microprocessor with OTP ROM Bit 3 (ADPD): ADC Power-down mode 0 : switch off the resistor reference to conserve power even while the CPU is operating 1 : ADC is operating Bit 2 ~ Bit 0 (ADIS2 ~ ADIS0): Analog Input Select 000 = ADIN0/P50 001 = ADIN1/P51 010 = ADIN2/P52 011 = ADIN3/P53 100 = ADIN4/P67 101 = ADIN5/P70 110 = ADIN6/P55 111 = not used These bits can only be changed when the ADIF bit and the ADRUN bit are both LOW 6.7.1.3 RA (ADOC: AD Offset Calibration Register) Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 CALI SIGN VOF[2] VOF[1] VOF[0] “0” “0” “0” Bit 7 (CALI): Calibration enable bit for ADC offset 0 = disable Calibration 1 = enable Calibration Bit 6 (SIGN): Polarity bit of offset voltage 0 = Negative voltage 1 = Positive voltage Bit 5 ~ Bit 3 (VOF[2] ~ VOF[0]): Offset voltage bits. VOF[2] VOF[1] VOF[0] EM78P142 ICE341N 0 0 0 0LSB 0LSB 0 0 0 1 1 0 2LSB 4LSB 2LSB 4LSB 0 1 1 6LSB 6LSB 1 0 0 8LSB 8LSB 1 0 1 10LSB 10LSB 1 1 0 12LSB 12LSB 1 1 1 14LSB 14LSB Bit 2 ~ Bit 0: Unimplemented, read as ‘0’. 48 • Product Specification (V1.0) 01.25.2008 (This specification is subject to change without further notice) EM78P142 8-Bit Microprocessor with OTP ROM 6.7.2 ADC Data Register (ADDATA/RB, ADDATA1H/RC, ADDATA1L/RD) When the AD conversion is completed, the result is loaded to the ADDATA, ADDATA1H and ADDATA1L registers. The ADRUN bit is cleared, and the ADIF is set. 6.7.3 ADC Sampling Time The accuracy, linearity, and speed of the successive approximation of the AD converter are dependent on the properties of the ADC and the comparator. The source impedance and the internal sampling impedance directly affect the time required to charge the sample holding capacitor. The application program controls the length of the sample time to meet the specified accuracy. Generally speaking, the program should wait for 2µs for each KΩ of the analog source impedance and at least 2µs for the low-impedance source. The maximum recommended impedance for analog source is 10KΩ at Vdd=5V. After the analog input channel is selected, this acquisition time must be done before the conversion is started. 6.7.4 AD Conversion Time CKR1 and CKR0 select the conversion time (Tct), in terms of instruction cycles. This allows the MCU to run at the maximum frequency without sacrificing the AD conversion accuracy. For the EM78P142, the conversion time per bit is about 4µs. The table below shows the relationship between Tct and the maximum operating frequencies. CKR1:CKR0 Operation Mode Max. Operation Max. Conversion Frequency Rate/Bit Max. Conversion Rate 00 Fosc/16 4 MHz 250kHz (4µs) 15×4µs=60µs (16.7kHz) 01 10 Fosc/4 Fosc/64 1 MHz 16 MHz 250kHz (4µs) 250kHz ( 4µs) 15×4µs=60µs (16.7kHz) 15×4µs=60µs (16.7kHz) 11 Fosc/8 2 MHz 250kHz ( 4µs) 15×4µs=60µs (16.7kHz) NOTE ■ Pin not used as an analog input pin can be used as regular input or output pin. ■ During conversion, do not perform output instruction to maintain precision for all of the pins. 6.7.5 ADC Operation during Sleep Mode In order to obtain a more accurate ADC value and reduce power consumption, the AD conversion remains operational during sleep mode. As the SLEP instruction is executed, all the MCU operations will stop except for the Oscillator, TCC, TCCA, TCCB, TCCC, and AD conversion. Product Specification (V1.0) 01.25.2008 (This specification is subject to change without further notice) • 49 EM78P142 8-Bit Microprocessor with OTP ROM The AD Conversion is considered completed as determined by: 1. The ADRUN bit of the R9 register is cleared to “0”. 2. The ADIF bit of the RE register is set to “1”. 3. The ADWE bit of the RE register is set to “1.” Wakes up from ADC conversion (where it remains in operation during sleep mode). 4. Wake up and execution of the next instruction if the ADIE bit of the IOCE0 is enabled and the “DISI” instruction is executed. 5. Wake up and enters into Interrupt vector (Address 0x00C) if the ADIE bit of the IOCE0 is enabled and the “ENI” instruction is executed. 6. Enters into Interrupt vector (Address 0x00C) if the ADIE bit of the IOCE0 is enabled and the “ENI” instruction is executed. The results are fed into the ADDATA, ADDATA1H, and ADDATA1L registers when the conversion is completed. If the ADIE is enabled, the device will wake up. Otherwise, the AD conversion will be shut off, no matter what the status of the ADPD bit is. 6.7.6 Programming Process/Considerations 6.7.6.1 Programming Process Follow these steps to obtain data from the ADC: 1. Write to the eight bits (ADE7: ADE0) on the R8 (AISR) register to define the characteristics of R5 (digital I/O, analog channels, or voltage reference pin) 2. Write to the R9/ADCON register to configure the AD module: a) Select the ADC input channel ( ADIS2 : ADIS0 ) b) Define the AD conversion clock rate ( CKR1 : CKR0 ) c) Select the VREFS input source of the ADC d) Set the ADPD bit to 1 to begin sampling 3. Set the ADWE bit, if the wake-up function is employed 4. Set the ADIE bit, if the interrupt function is employed 5. Write “ENI” instruction, if the interrupt function is employed 6. Set the ADRUN bit to 1 7. Write “SLEP” instruction or Polling. 8. Wait for wake-up or for the ADRUN bit to be cleared to “0” , interrupt flag (ADIF) is set “1,” or ADC interrupt occurs. 9. Read the ADDATA or ADDATA1H and ADDATA1L conversion data registers. If the ADC input channel changes at this time, the ADDATA, ADDATA1H, and ADDATA1L values can be cleared to ‘0’. 50 • Product Specification (V1.0) 01.25.2008 (This specification is subject to change without further notice) EM78P142 8-Bit Microprocessor with OTP ROM 10. Clear the interrupt flag bit (ADIF). 11. For next conversions, go to Step 1 or Step 2 as required. At least two Tct is required before the next acquisition starts. NOTE In order to obtain accurate values, it is necessary to avoid any data transition on I/O pins during AD conversion 6.7.6.2 Sample Demo Programs R_0 == 0 PSW == 3 PORT5 == 5 PORT6 == 6 R_E== 0XE ; Indirect addressing register ; Status register ; Interrupt status register B. Define a Control Register IOC50 == 0X5 IOC60 == 0X6 IOCE0== 0XE C_INT== 0XF ; ; ; ; Control Register of Port 5 Control Register of Port 6 Interrupt Mask Register 2 Interrupt Mask Register C. ADC Control Register ADDATA == 0xB AISR == 0x08 ADCON == 0x9 ; The contents are the results of ADC ; ADC input select register ; 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 ; CKR1 CKR0 ADRUN ADPD ADIS2 ADIS1 ADIS0 D. Define Bits in ADCON ADRUN == 0x4 ADPD == 0x3 ; ADC is executed as the bit is set ; Power Mode of ADC E. Program Starts ORG 0 JMP INITIAL ; Initial address ; ORG 0x0C ; Interrupt vector JMP CLRRE ; ;(User program section) ; CLRRE: MOV A,RE AND A, @0BXX0XXXXX ; To clear the ADIF bit, “X” by application MOV RE,A BS ADCON, ADRUN ; To start to execute the next AD conversion ; if necessary RETI Product Specification (V1.0) 01.25.2008 (This specification is subject to change without further notice) • 51 EM78P142 8-Bit Microprocessor with OTP ROM INITIAL: MOV A,@0B00000001 MOV AISR,A MOV A,@0B00001000 MOV ADCON,A ; To define P50 as an analog input ; To select P50 as an analog input channel, and AD power on ; To define P50 as an input pin and set clock rate at fosc/16 En_ADC: MOV A, @0BXXXXXXX1 ; To define P50 as an input pin, and the others ; are dependent on applications IOW PORT5 MOV A, @0BXXXX1XXX ; Enable the ADWE wake-up function of ADC, “X” ; by application MOV RE,A MOV A, @0BXX1XXXXX ; Enable the ADIE interrupt function of ADC, ; “X” by application IOW IOCE0 ENI ; Enable the interrupt function BS ADCON, ADRUN ; Start to run the ADC ; If the interrupt function is employed, the following three lines may be ignored ;If Sleep: SLEP ; ;(User program section) ; or ;If Polling: POLLING: JBC ADCON, ADRUN JMP POLLING ; To check the ADRUN bit continuously; ; ADRUN bit will be reset as the AD conversion ; is completed ; ;(User program section) 52 • Product Specification (V1.0) 01.25.2008 (This specification is subject to change without further notice) EM78P142 8-Bit Microprocessor with OTP ROM 6.8 Infrared Remote Control Application/PWM Waveform Generation 6.8.1 Overview This LSI can easily output infrared carrier or PWM standard waveform. As illustrated below, the IR and PWM waveform generation function include an 8-bit down count timer/counter, high-time, low-time, and IR control register. The IROUT pin waveform is determined by IOCA0 (IR and TCCC scale control register), IOCB1 (high-time rate, low-time rate control register), IOC81 (TCCC timer), IOCA1 (high-time register), and IOC91 (low-time register). Fosc 8-bit counter 8-bit counter 8-to-1 MUX 8-to-1 MUX 8-bit binary down counter 8-bit binary down counter 8-bit counter Scale (IOCA0) Scale (IOCB 1) Scale (IOCB1) 8-to-1 MUX Auto-reload buffer (High-time)(IOCA1) 8 8 Fcarrier 8 Auto-reload buffer (Low-time) (IOC91) 8 8-bit binary down counter H/W Modulator 8 Auto-reload buffer (TCCC)(IOC81) HF LGP IRE IROUT pin Underflow Interrupt HPWTIF LPWTIF Figure 6-10 IR/PWM System Block Diagram Details of the Fcarrier High Time Width and Low Time Width are shown below: FT Fcarrier = 2 where FT = { [ 1 + Decimal TCCC Value (IOC81) ] × TCCC Scale (IOCA0)} FOSC 1 High Time Width = { [ 1 + Decimal High Time Value (IOCA1)] × High Time Scale (IOCB1) } Low Time Width = { [ 1 + Decimal Low Time Value (IOC91)] × Low Time Scale (IOCB1) } FT FT When an interrupt is generated by the High time down counter underflow (when enabled), the next instruction will be fetched from Address 018 and 01BH (High time and Low time respectively). Product Specification (V1.0) 01.25.2008 (This specification is subject to change without further notice) • 53 EM78P142 8-Bit Microprocessor with OTP ROM 6.8.2 Function Description The following figure shows LGP=0 and HF=1. The IROUT waveform modulates the Fcarrier waveform at low-time segments of the pulse. Fcarrier low time width high time width low time width high time width HF Start IRE IROUT Figure 6-11a LGP=0, HF=1, IROUT Pin Output Waveform The following figure shows LGP=0 and HF=0. The IROUT waveform cannot modulate the Fcarrier waveform at low-time segments of the pulse. So IROUT waveform is determined by the high time width and low time width instead. This mode can produce standard PWM waveform. Fcarrier low time width high time width low time width high time width HF Start IRE IROUT Figure 6-11b LGP=0, HF=0, IROUT Pin Output Waveform 54 • Product Specification (V1.0) 01.25.2008 (This specification is subject to change without further notice) EM78P142 8-Bit Microprocessor with OTP ROM The following figure shows LGP=0 and HF=1. The IROUT waveform modulates the Fcarrier waveform at low-time segments of the pulse. When IRE goes low from high, the output waveform of IROUT will keep transmitting until high-time interrupt occurs. Fcarrier low time width high time width low time width high time width HF Start IR disable IRE IROUT Always high-level Figure 6-11c LGP=0, HF=1, When IRE goes Low from High, IROUT Pin Outputs Waveform The following figure shows LGP=0 and HF=0. The IROUT waveform cannot modulate the Fcarrier waveform at low-time segments of the pulse. So IROUT waveform is determined by high time width and low time width. This mode can produce standard PWM waveform when IRE goes low from high. The output waveform of IROUT will keep on transmitting until high-time interrupt occurs. Fcarrier low time width high time width low time width high time width HF Start IRE IROUT IR disable Always high-level Figure 6-11d LGP=0, HF=0, When IRE goes Low from High, Irout Pin Output Waveform Product Specification (V1.0) 01.25.2008 (This specification is subject to change without further notice) • 55 EM78P142 8-Bit Microprocessor with OTP ROM The following figure shows LGP=1 and HF=1. When this bit is set to high level, the high-time segment of the pulse is ignored. So, IROUT waveform output is determined by low-time width. Fcarrier low time width low time width low time width HF Start IR disable IRE IROUT Always high-level Figure 6-11e LGP=1 and HF=1, IROUT Pin Output Waveform 6.8.3 Programming the Related Registers When defining IR/PWM, refer to the operation of the related registers as shown in the tables below. IR/PWM Related Control Registers Address Name Bit 7 Bit 6 0x09 IOC90 0X0A IR CR TCCCSE/0 TCCCS2/0 TCCCS1/0 TCCCS0/0 /IOCA0 0x0F IMR /IOCF0 0X0B HLTS /IOCB1 TCCBHE/0TCCBEN/0 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 “0” “0” “0” TCCCEN/0 “0” “0” IRE/0 HF/0 LGP/0 IROUTE/0 “0” ICIE/0 TCIE/0 LTSE/0 LTS2/0 LTS1/0 LTS0/0 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 “0” ICIF/0 TCIF/0 LPWTIE/0 HPWTIE/0 TCCCIE/0 TCCBIE/0 TCCAIE/0 HTSE/0 HTS2/0 HTS1/0 HTS0/0 IR/PWM Related Status/Data Registers Address Name 0x0F ISR/RF LPWTIF/0 HPWTIF/0 TCCCIF/0 TCCBIF/0 TCCAIF/0 0x06 TCCC /IOC81 TCCC7/0 TCCC6/0 TCCC5/0 TCCC4/0 TCCC3/0 TCCC2/0 TCCC1/0 TCCC0/0 0X09 LTR /IOC91 LTR7/0 LTR6/0 LTR5/0 LTR4/0 LTR3/0 LTR2/0 LTR1/0 LTR0/0 0X0A HTR /IOCA1 HTR7/0 HTR6/0 HTR5/0 HTR4/0 HTR3/0 HTR2/0 HTR1/0 HTR0/0 56 • Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Product Specification (V1.0) 01.25.2008 (This specification is subject to change without further notice) EM78P142 8-Bit Microprocessor with OTP ROM 6.9 Timer 6.9.1 Overview Timer A (TCCA) is an 8-bit clock timer. Timer B (TCCB) is a 16-bit clock timer. Timer C (TCCC) is an 8-bit clock timer that can be extended to 16-bit clock timer with programmable scalers. TCCA, TCCB, and TCCC can be read and written to, and are cleared at every reset condition. 6.9.2 Function Description Set predict value Set predict value TCCAEN Set predict value TCCCEN TCCBEN Set TCCCIF Set TCCBIF Set TCCAIF TCCC TCCB TCCA Overflow Overflow Overflow Fosc Fosc 8-to-1 MUX TCCCS1 ~ TCCCS0 8 Bit counter Fosc Figure 6-12 Timer Block Diagram Each signal and block of the above Timer block diagram is described as follows: TCCX: Timer A~C register. TCCX is incremented until it matches with zero, and then reloads the predicted value. When writing a value to TCCX, the predicted value and TCCX value become the set value. When reading from TCCX, the value will be the TCCX direct value. When TCCXEN is enabled, the reloading of the predicted value to TCCX, TCCXIE is also enabled. TCCXIF will be set at the same time. It is an up timer. TCCA Timer (IOC51): IOC51 (TCCA) is an 8-bit clock timer. It can be read, written to, and cleared on any reset condition and it is also an Up Timer. TCCA Timeout period = ( 1 ) FOSC × 256 − TCCA cnt × 1 TCCB Timer (IOC61): IOC61 is an 8-bit clock timer for the least significant byte of TCCBX (TCCB). It can be read, written, and cleared on any reset condition and it is also an Up Timer. Product Specification (V1.0) 01.25.2008 (This specification is subject to change without further notice) • 57 EM78P142 8-Bit Microprocessor with OTP ROM TCCBH / MSB Timer (IOC71): IOC71 is an 8-bit clock timer for the most significant byte of TCCBX (TCCBH). It can be read, written to, and cleared on any reset condition. When TCCBHE (IOC90) is “0,” then TCCBH is disabled. When TCCBHE is”1,” then TCCB is a 16-bit length timer. When TCCBH is disabled: TCCB Timeout period = ( 1 ) FOSC × 256 − TCCB cnt × 1 When TCCBH is enabled: TCCB Timeout period = FOSC × [ 65536 ( 1 ) − TCCBH × 256 + TCCB cnt × 1 ] TCCC Timer (IOC81): IOC81 (TCCC) is an 8-bit clock timer. It can be read, written to, and cleared on any reset condition. If HF (Bit 2 of IOCA0) = 1 and IRE (Bit 3 of IOCA0) = 1, TCCC timer scale uses the low-time segments of the pulse generated by Fcarrier frequency modulation (see Figure 6-11 in Section 6.8.2, Function Description). The TCCC value will then be the TCCC predicted value. When HF = 0 or IRE = 0. The TCCC is an Up Timer. In TCCC Up Timer mode: TCCC Timeout period = 1 ( ) FOSC × Scaler (IOCA0 ) × 256 − TCCC cnt × 1 When HF = 1 and IRE = 1, TCCC timer scale uses the low-time segments of the pulse generated by the Fcarrier frequency modulation. In IR mode: FT Fcarrier = 2 { [ 1 + Decimal TCCC Value (IOC81) ] × TCCC Scale (IOCA0)} where 58 • FT = FOSC 1 Product Specification (V1.0) 01.25.2008 (This specification is subject to change without further notice) EM78P142 8-Bit Microprocessor with OTP ROM 6.9.3 Programming the Related Registers When defining TCCX, refer to the operation of its related registers as shown in the tables below. TCCX Related Control Registers: Address Name Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 0x08 IOC80 - - - “0” “0” TCCAEN/0 “0” “0” 0x09 IOC90 TCCBHE/0 TCCBEN/0 “0” “0” “0” TCCCEN/0 “0” “0” 0x0A IR CR /IOCA0 TCCCSE/0 TCCCS2/0 TCCCS1/0 TCCCS0/0 IRE/0 HF/0 LGP/0 IROUTE/0 0x0F IMR /IOCF0 TCCAIE/0 “0” ICIE/0 TCIE/0 LPWTE/0 HPWTE/0 TCCCIE/0 TCCBIE/0 Related TCCX Status/Data Registers: Address Name Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 0x0F ISR/RF LPWTF/0 HPWTF/0 TCCCIF/0 TCCBIF/0 TCCAIF/0 “0” ICIF/0 TCIF/0 0x05 TCCA /IOC51 TCCA7/0 TCCA6/0 TCCA5/0 TCCA4/0 TCCA3/0 TCCA2/0 TCCA1/0 TCCA0/0 0x06 TCCB /IOC61 TCCB7/0 TCCB6/0 TCCB5/0 TCCB4/0 TCCB3/0 TCCB2/0 TCCB1/0 TCCB0/0 0x07 TCCBH /IOC71 0x08 TCCC /IOC81 TCCBH7/0 TCCBH6/0 TCCBH5/0 TCCBH4/0 TCCBH3/0 TCCBH2/0 TCCBH1/0 TCCBH0/0 TCCC7/0 TCCC6/0 TCCC5/0 Product Specification (V1.0) 01.25.2008 (This specification is subject to change without further notice) TCCC4/0 TCCC3/0 TCCC2/0 TCCC1/0 TCCC0/0 • 59 EM78P142 8-Bit Microprocessor with OTP ROM 6.10 Oscillator 6.10.1 Oscillator Modes The EM78P142 can be operated in six different oscillator modes, such as High Crystal Oscillator Mode 1 (HXT1), High Crystal Oscillator Mode 2 (HXT2), Low Crystal Oscillator Mode 1 (LXT1), Low Crystal Oscillator Mode 2 (LXT2), External RC Oscillator Mode (ERC), and RC Oscillator Mode with Internal RC Oscillator Mode (IRC). You can select one of them by programming the OSC2, OCS1, and OSC0 in the Code Option register. The Oscillator modes defined by OSC2, OCS1, and OSC0 are described below. Oscillator Modes OSC2 OSC1 OSC0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 ERC (External RC oscillator mode); P70/OSCO acts as P70 ERC (External RC oscillator mode); P70/OSCO acts as OSCO 2 IRC (Internal RC oscillator mode); P70/OSCO acts as P70 2 IRC (Internal RC oscillator mode); P70/OSCO acts as OSCO 0 1 1 3 1 0 0 3 1 0 1 3 1 1 0 3 1 1 1 LXT1 (Frequency range of XT mode is 1MHz ~ 100kHz) HXT1 (Frequency range of XT mode is 16 MHz ~ 6 MHz) LXT2 (Frequency range of XT mode is 32kHz) HXT2 (Frequency range of XT mode is 6 MHz ~ 1 MHz) (default) 1 In ERC mode, OSCI is used as oscillator pin. OSCO/P70 is defined by code option Word 0 Bit 6 ~ Bit 4. 2 In IRC mode, P55 is normal I/O pin. OSCO/P70 is defined by code option Word 0 Bit 6 ~ Bit 4. 3 In LXT1, LXT2, HXT1 and HXT2 modes; OSCI and OSCO are used as oscillator pins. These pins cannot and should not be defined as normal I/O pins. The maximum operating frequency limit of crystal/resonator at different VDDs, are as follows: Conditions Two clocks 60 • VDD Max. Freq. (MHz) 2.1V 4 3.0V 8 4.5V 16 Product Specification (V1.0) 01.25.2008 (This specification is subject to change without further notice) EM78P142 8-Bit Microprocessor with OTP ROM 6.10.2 Crystal Oscillator/Ceramic Resonators (Crystal) The EM78P142 can be driven by an external clock signal through the OSCI pin as illustrated below. OSCI OSCO Figure 6-13 External Clock Input Circuit In most applications, Pin OSCI and Pin OSCO can be connected with a crystal or ceramic resonator to generate oscillation. Figure 6-14 below depicts such a circuit. The same applies to the HXT1 mode, HTX2 mode, LXT1 mode and LXT2 mode. C1 OSCI Crystal OSCO RS C2 Figure 6-14 Crystal/Resonator Circuit The following table provides the recommended values for C1 and C2. Since each resonator has its own attribute, user should refer to the resonator specifications for the appropriate values of C1 and C2. RS, a serial resistor, maybe required for AT strip cut crystal or low frequency mode. Figure 6-17 is PCB layout suggestion. When the system works in Crystal mode (16MHz), a 10KΩ is connected between OSCI and OSCO. Product Specification (V1.0) 01.25.2008 (This specification is subject to change without further notice) • 61 EM78P142 8-Bit Microprocessor with OTP ROM Capacitor selection guide for crystal oscillator or ceramic resonators: Oscillator Type Frequency Mode Frequency LXT (100K~1 MHz) Ceramic Resonators MXT (1M~6 MHz) LXT2 (32.768kHz) LXT1 (100K~1 MHz) Crystal Oscillator HXT2 (1~6 MHz) HXT1 (6~16 MHz) C1(pF) C2(pF) 100kHz 67pF 67pF 200kHz 30pF 30pF 455kHz 30pF 30pF 1MHz 30pF 30pF 1.0 MHz 30pF 30pF 2.0 MHz 30pF 30pF 4.0 MHz 30pF 30pF 32.768kHz 40pF 40pF 100kHz 67pF 67pF 200kHz 30pF 30pF 455kHz 30pF 30pF 1MHz 30pF 30pF 455kHz 30pF 30pF 1.0 MHz 30pF 30pF 2.0 MHz 30pF 30pF 4.0 MHz 30pF 30pF 6.0 MHz 30pF 30pF 6.0 MHz 30pF 30pF 8.0 MHz 30pF 30pF 10.0 MHz 30pF 30pF 12.0 MHz 30pF 30pF 16.0 MHz 15pF 15pF Circuit diagrams for serial and parallel modes Crystal/Resonator: 330 330 C OSCI 7404 7404 7404 Crysta l Figure 6-15 Serial Mode Crystal/Resonator Circuit Diagram 62 • Product Specification (V1.0) 01.25.2008 (This specification is subject to change without further notice) EM78P142 8-Bit Microprocessor with OTP ROM 7404 4.7K 10K Vdd O S CI 10K 7404 C rystal C1 10K C2 Figure 6-16 Parallel Mode Crystal/Resonator Circuit Diagram Figure 6-17 Parallel Mode Crystal/Resonator Circuit Diagram Product Specification (V1.0) 01.25.2008 (This specification is subject to change without further notice) • 63 EM78P142 8-Bit Microprocessor with OTP ROM 6.10.3 External RC Oscillator Mode For some applications that do not require Vcc precise timing calculation, the RC oscillator (Figure 6-18) could offer an Rext effective cost savings. Nevertheless, it should be noted that the frequency of the RC oscillator is influenced by the supply OSCI Cext voltage, the values of the resistor (Rext), the capacitor (Cext), and even by the operation temperature. Moreover, the frequency also changes slightly from one chip to another due to the manufacturing process variation. Figure 6-18 External RC Oscillator Mode Circuit In order to maintain a stable system frequency, the values of the Cext should be no less than 20 pF, and the value of Rext should not be greater than 1 MΩ. If the frequency cannot be kept within this range, the frequency can be affected easily by noise, humidity, and leakage. The smaller the Rext in the RC oscillator is, the faster its frequency will be. On the contrary, for very low Rext values, for instance, 1 KΩ, the oscillator will become unstable because the NMOS cannot correctly discharge the capacitance current. Based on the above reasons, it must be kept in mind that all supply voltage, the operation temperature, the components of the RC oscillator, the package types, and the way the PCB is layout, have certain effect on the system frequency. 64 • Product Specification (V1.0) 01.25.2008 (This specification is subject to change without further notice) EM78P142 8-Bit Microprocessor with OTP ROM The RC Oscillator frequencies: Cext 20 pF 100 pF 300 pF Rext Average Fosc 5V, 25°C Average Fosc 3V, 25°C 3.3k 3.5 MHz 3.0 MHz 5.1k 2.4 MHz 2.2 MHz 10k 1.27 MHz 1.24 MHz 100k 140kHz 143kHz 3.3k 1.21 MHz 1.18 MHz 5.1k 805kHz 790kHz 10k 420kHz 418kHz 100k 45kHz 46kHz 3.3k 550kHz 526kHz 5.1k 364kHz 350kHz 10k 188kHz 185kHz 100k 20kHz 20kHz 1 Note: : Measured based on DIP packages. 2 : The values are for design reference only. : The frequency drift is ± 30% 3 6.10.4 Internal RC Oscillator Mode The EM78P142 offers a versatile internal RC mode with default frequency value of 4MHz. Internal RC oscillator mode has other frequencies (16MHz, 1MHz, and 455kHz) that can be set by Code Option (Word 1), RCM1, and RCM0. The Table below describes the EM78P142 internal RC drift with voltage, temperature, and process variations. Internal RC Drift Rate (Ta=25°C, VDD=5V±5%, VSS=0V) Internal RC Frequency Drift Rate Temperature (-40°C ~+85°C) Voltage (2.3V~3.9V~5.5V) Process Total ±5% ±5% ±5% ±5% ±5% ±5% ±5% ±5% ±4% ±4% ±4% ±4% ±14% ±14% ±14% ±14% 4 MHz 16 MHz 1 MHz 455kHz Note: Theoretical values are for reference only. Actual values may vary depending on the actual process. Product Specification (V1.0) 01.25.2008 (This specification is subject to change without further notice) • 65 EM78P142 8-Bit Microprocessor with OTP ROM 6.11 Power-on Considerations Any microcontroller is not warranted to start operating properly before the power supply stabilizes in steady state. The EM78P142 POR voltage range is 1.6V ~ 1.8V. Under customer application, when power is switched OFF, Vdd must drop below 1.6V and remains at OFF state for 10µs before power can be switched ON again. Subsequently, the EM78P142 will reset and work normally. The extra external reset circuit will work well if Vdd rises fast enough (50ms or less). However, under critical applications, extra devices are still required to assist in solving power-on problems. 6.11.1 Programmable WDT Time-out Period 5 The Option word (WDTPS) is used to define the WDT time-out period (18ms or 6 4.5ms ). Theoretically, the range is from 4.5ms or 18ms. For most crystal or ceramic resonators, the lower the operation frequency is, the longer is the required set-up time. 6.11.2 External Power-on Reset Circuit The circuit shown in the VDD following figure implements an external RC to produce a /RESET reset pulse. The pulse R D width (time constant) should be kept long enough to Rin allow the Vdd to reach the C minimum operating voltage. This circuit is used when the power supply has a slow Figure 6-19 External Power-on Reset Circuit power rise time. Because the current leakage from the /RESET pin is about ±5µA, it is recommended that R should not be greater than 40K. This way, the voltage at Pin /RESET is held below 0.2V. The diode (D) functions as a short circuit at power-down. The “C” capacitor is discharged rapidly and fully. Rin, the current-limited resistor, prevents high current discharge or ESD (electrostatic discharge) from flowing into Pin /RESET. 66 • 5 VDD=5V, WDT time-out period = 16.5ms ± 30%. VDD=3V, WDT time-out period = 18ms ± 30%. 6 VDD=5V, WDT time-out period = 4.2ms ± 30%. VDD=3V, WDT time-out period = 4.5ms ± 30%. Product Specification (V1.0) 01.25.2008 (This specification is subject to change without further notice) EM78P142 8-Bit Microprocessor with OTP ROM 6.11.3 Residual Voltage Protection When the battery is replaced, device power (Vdd) is removed but residual voltage remains. The residual voltage may trip below Vdd minimum, but not to zero. This condition may cause a poor power-on reset. Figure 6-20 and Figure 6-21 show how to create a protection circuit against residual voltage. VDD VDD 33K Q1 10K /RESET 100K 1N4684 Figure 6-20 Residual Voltage Protection Circuit 1 VDD VDD R1 Q1 /RESET R3 R2 Figure 6-21 Residual Voltage Protection Circuit 2 Product Specification (V1.0) 01.25.2008 (This specification is subject to change without further notice) • 67 EM78P142 8-Bit Microprocessor with OTP ROM 6.12 Code Option EM78P142 has two CODE option words and one Customer ID word that are not part of the normal program memory. Word 0 Word1 Word 2 Bit 12 ~ Bit 0 Bit 12 ~ Bit 0 Bit12 ~ Bit 0 6.12.1 Code Option Register (Word 0) Word 0 Bit Bit 12 Bit 11 Bit 10 Bit 9 Bit 8 Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Mne LVR1 LVR0 TYPE1 TYPE0 CLKS ENWDTB OSC2 OSC1 OSC0 monic Bit 2 Bit 1 − Protect 1 High High High High 4 clocks Disable High High High − Disable 0 Low Low Low Low 2 clocks Enable Low Low Low − Enable Bit 0 Bits 12~11 (LVR1 ~ LVR0): Low Voltage Reset enable bits LVR1, LVR0 VDD Reset Level 11 10 01 00 2.4V 3.5V 4.0V VDD Release Level NA (Power-on Reset) (Default) 2.6V 3.7V 4.2V Bits 10~9 (TYPE1 ~ TYPE0): Type selection for EM78P142. TYPE 1, TYPE 0 68 • MCU Type 00 Not used 01 EM78P142 – 10Pin 10 Not used 11 Not used Product Specification (V1.0) 01.25.2008 (This specification is subject to change without further notice) EM78P142 8-Bit Microprocessor with OTP ROM Instruction period option bit Bit 8 (CLKS): 0 = two oscillator periods 1 = four oscillator periods (default) Refer to Section 6.15 for Instruction Set Bit 7 (ENWDTB): Watchdog timer enable bit 0 = Enable 1 = Disable (default) Bits 6, 5 & 4 (OSC2, OSC1 & OSC0): Oscillator Modes Selection bits OSC2 OSC1 OSC0 1 Oscillator Modes 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 ERC (External RC oscillator mode); P70/OSCO acts as P70 ERC (External RC oscillator mode); P70/OSCO acts as OSCO 2 IRC (Internal RC oscillator mode); P70/OSCO acts as P70 2 IRC (Internal RC oscillator mode); P70/OSCO acts as OSCO 0 1 1 3 1 0 0 3 1 0 1 3 1 1 0 3 1 1 1 LXT1 (Frequency range of XT, mode is 1MHz ~ 100kHz) HXT1 (Frequency range of XT mode is 16MHz ~ 6MHz) LXT2 (Frequency range of XT mode is 32kHz) HXT2 (Frequency range of XT mode is 6MHz ~ 1MHz) (default) 1 In ERC mode, OSCI is used as oscillator pin. OSCO/P54 is defined by code option Word 0 Bit 6 ~ Bit 4. 2 In IRC mode, P54 is normal I/O pin. OSCO/P54 is defined by code option Word 0 Bit 6 ~ Bit 4. 3 In LXT1, LXT2, HXT1 and HXT2 modes; OSCI and OSCO are used as oscillator pins. These pins cannot and should not be defined as normal I/O pins. Bit 3: Not used, (reserved). This bit is set to “0” all the time. Bits 2 ~ 0 (Protect): Protect Bits Protect Bits Protect 0 Enable 1 Disable (default) Product Specification (V1.0) 01.25.2008 (This specification is subject to change without further notice) • 69 EM78P142 8-Bit Microprocessor with OTP ROM 6.12.2 Code Option Register (Word 1) Word 1 Bit Bit 12 Bit 11 Bit 10 Bit 9 Bit 8 Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Mne monic – – – RCOUT – – – C3 C2 C1 C0 1 – – – System _clk – – – High High High High High High 0 – – – Open_ drain – – – Low Low Low Low Low Low Bit 12: Not used, (reserved). This bit is set to “0” all the time. Bits 11~10: Not used, (reserved). These bits are set to “1” all the time. RCM1 RCM0 Bit 9 (RCOUT): Instruction clock output enable bit in IRC or ERC mode 0 = OSCO pin is open drain 1 = OSCO output instruction clock (default) Bit 8 & Bit 7: These bits must set to “0” all the time Bit 6: Not used, (reserved). This bit is set to “1” all the time. Bit 5, 4, 3, & Bit 2 (C3, C2, C1, C0): Calibrator of internal RC mode C3, C2, C1, and C0 must be set to “1” only (auto-calibration). Bit 1 & Bit 0 (RCM1, RCM0): RC mode selection bits 70 • RCM 1 RCM 0 Frequency (MHz) 1 1 4 (Default) 1 0 16 0 1 1 0 0 455kHz Product Specification (V1.0) 01.25.2008 (This specification is subject to change without further notice) EM78P142 8-Bit Microprocessor with OTP ROM 6.12.3 Customer ID Register (Word 2) Word 2 Bit Bit 12 Bit 11 Bit 10 Bit 9 Bit 8 Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Mne monic – – – NRM RESET ENB – WDTPS ID5 ID4 ID3 ID2 ID1 ID0 1 – – – MOD1 P71 – 18ms High High High High High High 0 – – – MOD2 /RESET – 4.5ms Low Low Low Low Low Low Bits 12 ~ 11: Not used (reserved). These bits are set to “1” all the time. Bit 10: Not used, (reserved). This bit is set to “0” all the time. Bit 9 (NRM): 0 = Noise reject Mode 2, For multi-time circuit use, such as key scan and LED output. 1 = Noise reject Mode 1. For General input or output use (Default) Bit 8 (RESETENB): RESET/P71 pin select bit 0 = P71 set to /RESET pin 1 = P71 is general purpose input pin or open-drain for output Port (default) Bit 7: Not used (reserved). This bit is set to “1” all the time. Bit 6 (WDTPS): WDT Time-out Period Selection bit WDT Time Watchdog Timer* 1 18 ms (Default) 0 4.5 ms *Theoretical values, for reference only Bits 5 ~ 0: Customer’s ID code Product Specification (V1.0) 01.25.2008 (This specification is subject to change without further notice) • 71 EM78P142 8-Bit Microprocessor with OTP ROM 6.13 Low Voltage Detector/Low Voltage Reset The low voltage reset (LVR) and the low voltage detector (LVD) are designed for unstable power situation, such as external power noise interference or in EMS test condition. When LVR is enabled, the system supply voltage (Vdd) drops below Vdd reset level (VRESET) and remains at 10µs, the system reset will occur and the system will keep on reset status. The system will remain at reset status until Vdd voltage rises above Vdd release level. Refer to Figure 6-26. If Vdd drops below low voltage detector level, /LVD (the Bit 7 of RE) is cleared to “0’ to show low voltage signal when LVD is enabled. This signal can be used for low voltage detection. 6.13.1 Low Voltage Reset LVR property is set at Bits 12, 11 of Code Option Word 0. The detailed operation mode is as follows: Word 0 Bit 12 Bit 11 Bit 10 Bit 9 Bit 8 Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 LVR1 LVR0 TYPE1 TYPE0 CLKS ENWDTB OSC2 OSC1 OSC0 − Bit 0 Protect Bits 12~11 (LVR1 ~ LVR0): Low Voltage Reset enable bits. LVR1, LVR0 VDD Reset Level VDD Release Level 11 10 01 NA (Power-on Reset) 2.4V 3.5V 2.6V 3.7V 00 4.0V 4.2V 6.13.2 Low Voltage Detector LVD property is set at the register, detailed operation mode is as follows: 6.13.2.1 IOCD1 (LVD Control Register) Bit EM78P142 ICE341N 7 6 5 4 - - - - LVR1 LVR0 TYPE1 TYPE0 3 2 1 0 LVDIE LVDEN LVD1 LVD0 LVDIE LVDEN LVD1 LVD0 NOTE ■ IOCD1< 3 > register is both readable and writable ■ Individual interrupt is enabled by setting its associated control bit in the IOCD1< 4 > to "1." ■ Global interrupt is enabled by the ENI instruction and is disabled by the DISI instruction. Refer to Figure 6-8 (Interrupt Input Circuit) under Section 6.6 (Interrupt). 72 • Product Specification (V1.0) 01.25.2008 (This specification is subject to change without further notice) EM78P142 8-Bit Microprocessor with OTP ROM Bit 3 (LVDIE): Low voltage Detector interrupt enable bit. 0 = Disable Low voltage Detector interrupt 1 = Enable Low voltage Detector interrupt When the detect-low-level-voltage state is used to enter an interrupt vector or enter next instruction, the LVDIE bit must be set to “Enable“. Bit 2 (LVDEN): Low Voltage Detector Enable bit 0 = Low voltage detector disable 1 = Low voltage detector enable Bits 1~0 (LVD1:0): Low Voltage Detector level bits. LVDEN LVD1, LVD0 1 11 1 10 1 01 1 00 0 ×× LVD voltage Interrupt Level Vdd ≤ 2.2V Vdd > 2.2V Vdd ≤ 3.3V Vdd > 3.3V Vdd ≤ 4.0V Vdd > 4.0V Vdd ≤ 4.5V Vdd > 4.5V NA /LVD 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 6.13.2.2 RE (Interrupt Status 2 & Wake-up Control Register) Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 /LVD LVDIF ADIF “0” ADWE “0” ICWE LVDWE NOTE ■ RE < 6, 5 > can be cleared by instruction but cannot be set. ■ IOCE0 is the interrupt mask register. ■ Reading RE will result to "logic AND" of RE and IOCE0. Bit 7 (/LVD): Low voltage Detector state. This is a read only bit. When the VDD pin voltage is lower than LVD voltage interrupt level (selected by LVD1 and LVD0), this bit will be cleared. 0 = Low voltage is detected. 1 = Low voltage is not detected or LVD function is disabled. Bit 6 (LVDIF): Low Voltage Detector interrupt flag LVDIF reset to “0” by software or hardware. Bit 0 (LVDWE): Low Voltage Detect wake-up enable bit. 0 = Disable Low Voltage Detect wake-up. 1 = Enable Low Voltage Detect wake-up. When the Low Voltage Detect is used to enter an interrupt vector or to wake up the IC from sleep/idle with Low Voltage Detect running, the LVDWE bit must be set to “Enable“. Product Specification (V1.0) 01.25.2008 (This specification is subject to change without further notice) • 73 EM78P142 8-Bit Microprocessor with OTP ROM 6.13.3 Programming Process Follow these steps to obtain data from the LVD: 1. Write to the two bits (LVD1: LVD0) on the LVDCR register to define the LVD level. 2. Set the LVDWE bit, if the wake-up function is employed. 3. Set the LVDIE bit, if the interrupt function is employed. 4. Write “ENI” instruction, if the interrupt function is employed. 5. Set LVDEN bit to 1 6. Write “SLEP” instruction or Polling /LVD bit. 7. Clear the low voltage detector interrupt flag bit (LVDIF) when Low Voltage Detector interrupt occurred. The LVD module uses the internal circuit. When LVDEN (Bit 2 of IOCD1) is set to “1”, the LVD module is enabled. When LVDWE (bit 0 of RE) is set to “1”, the LVD module will continue to operate during sleep/idle mode. If Vdd drops slowly and crosses the detect point (VLVD), the LVDIF (Bit 6 of RE) will be set to ”1”, the /LVD (Bit 7 of RE) will be cleared to “0”, and the system will wake up from Sleep/Idle mode. When a system reset occurs, the LVDIF will be cleared. When Vdd remains above VLVD, LVDIF is kept at “0” and /LVD is kept at “1”. When Vdd drops below VLVD, LVDIF is set to “1” and /LVD is kept at “0”. If ENI instruction is executed, LVDIF will be set to “1”, and the next instruction will branch to interrupt Vector 021H. The LVDIF is cleared to “0” by software. Refer Figure 6-24 below. LVDIF is cleared by software Vdd VLVD VRESET LVDIF Internal Reset <LVR Voltage drop >LVR Voltage drop Vdd < Vreset not longer than 10us, the system still keeps on operating 18ms System occur reset Figure 6-22 LVD/LVR Waveform Situation 74 • Product Specification (V1.0) 01.25.2008 (This specification is subject to change without further notice) EM78P142 8-Bit Microprocessor with OTP ROM 6.14 Instruction Set Each instruction in the instruction set is a 13-bit word divided into an OP code and one or more operands. Normally, all instructions are executed within one single instruction cycle (one instruction consists of two oscillator time periods), unless the program counter is changed by instructions "MOV R2,A," "ADD R2,A," or by instructions of arithmetic or logic operation on R2 (e.g., "SUB R2,A," "BS(C) R2,6," "CLR R2," etc.). In addition, the instruction set has the following features: 1. Every bit of any register can be set, cleared, or tested directly. 2. The I/O registers can be regarded as general registers. That is, the same instruction can operate on I/O registers. The following symbols are used in the Instruction Set table: Convention: R = Register designator that specifies which one of the registers (including operation and general purpose registers) is to be utilized by the instruction. Bits 6 and 7 in R4 determine the selected register bank. b = Bit field designator that selects the value for the bit located in the register R and which affects the operation. k = 8 or 10-bit constant or literal value Binary Instruction 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0001 0001 0001 0000 0001 0010 0011 0100 rrrr 0000 0001 0010 Hex 0000 0001 0002 0003 0004 000r 0010 0011 0012 Mnemonic NOP DAA CONTW SLEP WDTC IOW R ENI DISI RET 0 0000 0001 0011 0013 RETI 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 CONTR IOR R MOV R,A CLRA CLR R SUB A,R SUB R,A DECA R DEC R OR A,R OR R,A 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0001 0001 0001 0001 0010 0010 0001 0001 01rr 1000 11rr 00rr 01rr 10rr 11rr 00rr 01rr 0100 rrrr rrrr 0000 rrrr rrrr rrrr rrrr rrrr rrrr rrrr 0014 001r 00rr 0080 00rr 01rr 01rr 01rr 01rr 02rr 02rr Product Specification (V1.0) 01.25.2008 (This specification is subject to change without further notice) Operation No Operation Decimal Adjust A A → CONT 0 → WDT, Stop oscillator 0 → WDT A → IOCR Enable Interrupt Disable Interrupt [Top of Stack] → PC [Top of Stack] → PC, Enable Interrupt CONT → A IOCR → A A→R 0→A 0→R R-A → A R-A → R R-1 → A R-1 → R A ∨ VR → A A ∨ VR → R Status Affected None C None T, P T, P 1 None None None None None None 1 None None Z Z Z, C, DC Z, C, DC Z Z Z Z • 75 EM78P142 8-Bit Microprocessor with OTP ROM Binary Instruction 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0010 0010 0011 0011 0011 0011 0100 0100 0100 0100 0101 0101 0101 0101 Mnemonic Operation Status Affected Z Z Z Z Z, C, DC Z, C, DC Z Z Z Z Z Z None None JMP k MOV A,k OR A,k AND A,k XOR A,k RETL k SUB A,k BANK k A&R→A A&R→R A⊕R→A A⊕R→R A+R→A A+R→R R→A R→R /R → A /R → R R+1 → A R+1 → R R-1 → A, skip if zero R-1 → R, skip if zero R(n) → A(n-1), R(0) → C, C → A(7) R(n) → R(n-1), R(0) → C, C → R(7) R(n) → A(n+1), R(7) → C, C → A(0) R(n) → R(n+1), R(7) → C, C → R(0) R(0-3) → A(4-7), R(4-7) → A(0-3) R(0-3) ↔ R(4-7) R+1 → A, skip if zero R+1 → R, skip if zero 0 → R(b) 1 → R(b) if R(b)=0, skip if R(b)=1, skip PC+1 → [SP], (Page, k) → PC (Page, k) → PC k→A A∨k→A A&k→A A⊕k→A k → A, [Top of Stack] → PC k-A → A k →R4(6) 1EAK LCALL k PC+1→[SP], k→PC None 1EBK LJMP k k→PC None 02rr 02rr 03rr 03rr 03rr 03rr 04rr 04rr 04rr 04rr 05rr 05rr 05rr 05rr AND A,R AND R,A XOR A,R XOR R,A ADD A,R ADD R,A MOV A,R MOV R,R COMA R COM R INCA R INC R DJZA R DJZ R 0 0110 00rr rrrr 06rr RRCA R 0 0110 01rr rrrr 06rr RRC R 0 0110 10rr rrrr 06rr RLCA R 0 0110 11rr rrrr 06rr RLC R 0 0111 00rr rrrr 07rr SWAPA R 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 07rr 07rr 07rr 0xxx 0xxx 0xxx 0xxx SWAP R JZA R JZ R BC R,b BS R,b JBC R,b JBS R,b 1 00kk kkkk kkkk 1kkk CALL k 1 01kk kkkk kkkk 1 1000 kkkk kkkk 1 1001 kkkk kkkk 1 1010 kkkk kkkk 1 1011 kkkk kkkk 1 1100 kkkk kkkk 1 1101 kkkk kkkk 1 1110 1001 000k 1 1110 1010 kkkk k kkkk kkkk kkkk 1 1110 1011 kkkk k kkkk kkkk kkkk 1kkk 18kk 19kk 1Akk 1Bkk 1Ckk 1Dkk 1E9k Note: 1 2 3 76 • Hex rrrr rrrr rrrr rrrr rrrr rrrr rrrr rrrr rrrr rrrr rrrr rrrr rrrr rrrr 0111 0111 0111 100b 101b 110b 111b 10rr 11rr 00rr 01rr 10rr 11rr 00rr 01rr 10rr 11rr 00rr 01rr 10rr 11rr 01rr 10rr 11rr bbrr bbrr bbrr bbrr rrrr rrrr rrrr rrrr rrrr rrrr rrrr C C C C None None None None 2 None 3 None None None None None None Z Z Z None Z, C, DC None This instruction is applicable to IOC50~IOCF0, IOC51 ~ IOCF1 only. This instruction is not recommended for RF operation. This instruction cannot operate under RF. Product Specification (V1.0) 01.25.2008 (This specification is subject to change without further notice) EM78P142 8-Bit Microprocessor with OTP ROM 7 Absolute Maximum Ratings Items 8 Rating Temperature under bias -40°C to 85°C Storage temperature -65°C to 150°C Input voltage Vss-0.3V to Vdd+0.5V Output voltage Vss-0.3V to Vdd+0.5V Working Voltage 2.3V to 5.5V Working Frequency DC to 16MHz DC Electrical Characteristics Ta= 25°C, VDD= 5.0V, VSS= 0V Symbol Parameter Condition Min. Typ. Max. Unit 32.768k 4 16 MHz FXT Crystal: VDD to 5V Two cycle with two clocks ERC ERC: VDD to 5V R: 5.1KΩ, C: 100 pF 760 950 1140 kHz VIHRC Input High Threshold Voltage (Schmitt Trigger) OSCI in RC mode 3.9 4 4.1 V IERC1 Sink current VI from low to high, VI=5V 21 22 23 mA VILRC Input Low Threshold Voltage (Schmitt Trigger) OSCI in RC mode 1.7 1.8 1.9 V IERC2 Sink current VI from high to low, VI=2V 16 17 18 mA IIL Input Leakage Current for VIN = VDD, VSS input pins -1 0 1 µA VIH1 Input High Voltage (Schmitt Trigger) Ports 5, 6, 7 0.7Vdd − Vdd+0.3V V VIL1 Input Low Voltage (Schmitt Trigger ) Ports 5, 6, 7 -0.3V − 0.3Vdd V VIHT1 Input High Threshold Voltage (Schmitt Trigger) /RESET 0.7Vdd − Vdd+0.3V V VILT1 Input Low Threshold Voltage (Schmitt trigger) /RESET -0.3V − 0.3Vdd V VIHT2 Input High Threshold Voltage (Schmitt Trigger) TCC,INT 0.7Vdd − Vdd+0.3V V VILT2 Input Low Threshold Voltage (Schmitt Trigger) TCC,INT -0.3V − 0.3Vdd V VIHX1 Clock Input High Voltage OSCI in crystal mode 2.9 3.0 3.1 V VILX1 Clock Input Low Voltage OSCI in crystal mode 1.7 1.8 1.9 V IOH1 Output High Voltage (Ports 5, 6, 7) VOH = 0.9VDD − -10 − mA Product Specification (V1.0) 01.25.2008 (This specification is subject to change without further notice) • 77 EM78P142 8-Bit Microprocessor with OTP ROM Symbol Parameter Condition Min. Typ. Max. Unit − 20 − mA IOL1 Output Low Voltage (Ports 5, 6,7) VOL = 0.1VDD IPH Pull-high current Pull-high active, input pin at VSS -50 − -90 µA IPL Pull-low current Pull-low active, input pin at Vdd 20 − 60 µA ISB1 Power down current All input and I/O pins at VDD, output pin floating, WDT disabled − − 2.0 µA ISB2 Power down current All input and I/O pins at VDD, output pin floating, WDT enabled − − 10 µA /RESET= 'High', Fosc=32kHz (Crystal type, CLKS="0"), Output pin floating, WDT disabled − 15 20 µA /RESET= 'High', Fosc=32kHz (Crystal type,CLKS="0"), output pin floating, WDT enabled − 15 25 µA /RESET= 'High', Fosc=4MHz (Crystal type, CLKS="0"), output pin floating, WDT enabled − 1.5 1.7 mA /RESET= 'High', Fosc=10MHz (Crystal type, CLKS="0"), Output pin floating, WDT enabled − 2.8 3.0 mA ICC1 ICC2 ICC3 ICC4 Operating supply current at two clocks Operating supply current at two clocks Operating supply current at two clocks Operating supply current at two clocks Note: 1. These parameters are hypothetical (not tested) and are provided for design reference use only. 2. Data under minimum, typical, & maximum (Min, Typ, & Max) columns are based on hypothetical results at 25°C. These data are for design reference only. Internal RC Electrical Characteristics (Ta=25°C, VDD=5 V, VSS=0V) Internal RC Drift Rate Temperature Voltage Min. Typ. Max. 4 MHz 25°C 5V 3.84 MHz 4 MHz 4.16 MHz 16 MHz 25°C 5V 15.36 MHz 16 MHz 16.64 MHz 1 MHz 25°C 5V 0.96 MHz 1 MHz 1.04 MHz 455kHz 25°C 5V 436.8kHz 455kHz 473.2kHz Internal RC Electrical Characteristics (Ta=-40 ~85°C, VDD=2.2~5.5 V, VSS=0V) Drift Rate Internal RC 78 • Temperature Voltage Min. Typ. Max. 4 MHz -40°C ~85°C 2.2V~5.5V 3.44 MHz 4 MHz 4.56 MHz 16 MHz -40°C ~85°C 2.2V~5.5V 13.76 MHz 16 MHz 18.24 MHz 1 MHz -40°C ~85°C 2.2V~5.5V 0.86 MHz 1 MHz 1.14 MHz 455kHz -40°C ~85°C 2.2V~5.5V 391.3kHz 455kHz 518.7kHz Product Specification (V1.0) 01.25.2008 (This specification is subject to change without further notice) EM78P142 8-Bit Microprocessor with OTP ROM 8.1 AD Converter Characteristic Vdd=2.5V to 5.5V, Vss=0V, Ta=-40 to 85°C Symbol VAREF Parameter Analog reference voltage Condition VAREF - VASS ≥ 2.5V Min. Typ. Max. Unit 2.5 − Vdd V Vss − Vss V Analog input voltage − VASS − VAREF V Analog supply current VDD=VAREF=5.0V, VASS = 0.0V (V reference from Vdd) 750 850 1000 µA -10 0 +10 µA Analog supply current VDD=VAREF=5.0V, VASS = 0.0V (V reference from VREF) 500 600 820 µA 200 250 300 µA IOP OP current VDD=5.0V, OP used Output voltage swing from 0.2V to 4.8V 450 550 650 µA RN1 Resolution ADREF=0, Internal VDD VDD=5.0V, VSS = 0.0V − 9 −10 Bits RN2 Resolution − 11 12 Bits VASS VAI IAI1 IAI2 Ivdd Ivref Ivdd IVref ADREF=1, External VREF VDD=VREF=5.0V, VSS = 0.0V LN1 Linearity error VDD = 2.5 to 5.5V Ta=25°C 0 ±4 ±8 LSB LN2 Linearity error VDD= 2.5 to 5.5V Ta=25°C 0 ±2 ±4 LSB DNL Differential nonlinear error VDD = 2.5 to 5.5V Ta=25°C 0 ±0.5 ±0.9 LSB FSE1 Full scale error VDD=VAREF=5.0V, VASS = 0.0V ±0 ±4 ±8 LSB FSE2 Full scale error VDD=VREF=5.0V, VSS = 0.0V ±0 ±2 ±4 LSB OE Offset error VDD=VAREF=5.0V, VASS = 0.0V ±0 ±2 ±4 LSB ZAI Recommended impedance of analog voltage source − 0 8 10 KΩ TAD ADC clock duration VDD=VAREF=5.0V, VASS = 0.0V 4 − − µs TCN AD conversion time VDD=VAREF=5.0V, VASS = 0.0V 15 − 15 TAD ADIV ADC OP input voltage range VDD=VAREF=5.0V, VASS = 0.0V 0 − VAREF V ADOV ADC OP output voltage swing VDD=VAREF=5.0V, VASS =0.0V, RL=10KΩ 0 0.2 0.3 4.7 4.8 5 ADSR ADC OP slew rate VDD=VAREF=5.0V, VASS = 0.0V 0.1 0.3 − V/µs Power Supply Rejection VDD=5.0V±0.5V ±0 − ±2 LSB PSR V Note: 1. These parameters are hypothetical (not tested) and are provided for design reference use only. 2. There is no current consumption when ADC is off other than minor leakage current. 3. AD conversion result will not decrease when an increase of input voltage and no missing code will result. 4. These parameters are subject to change without further notice. Product Specification (V1.0) 01.25.2008 (This specification is subject to change without further notice) • 79 EM78P142 8-Bit Microprocessor with OTP ROM 8.2 Device Characteristics The graphs below were derived based on a limited number of samples and they are provided for reference only. Hence, the device characteristic shown herein cannot be guaranteed as fully accurate. In these graphs, the data may be out of the specified operating warranted range. IRC OSC Frequency (VDD=3V) 9 Frequency (MHz) . 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 -40 -20 0 25 70 50 85 Temperature oC Figure 8-1 Internal RC OSC Frequency vs. Temperature, VDD=3V IRC OSC Frequency (VDD=5V) 10 Frequency (M Hz) . 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 -40 -20 0 25 50 70 85 Temperature (℃) Figure 8-2 Internal RC OSC Frequency vs. Temperature, VDD=5V 80 • Product Specification (V1.0) 01.25.2008 (This specification is subject to change without further notice) EM78P142 8-Bit Microprocessor with OTP ROM 9 AC Electrical Characteristic Ta=-40 to 85°C, VDD=5V±5%, VSS=0V Symbol Parameter Conditions Min Type Max Unit – 45 50 55 % Crystal type 100 – DC ns RC type 500 – DC ns (Tins+20)/N* – – ns Dclk Input CLK duty cycle Tins Instruction cycle time (CLKS="0") Ttcc TCC input time period Tdrh Device reset hold time Ta = 25°C 11.3 16.2 21.6 ms Trst /RESET pulse width Ta = 25°C 2000 – – ns Twdt Watchdog timer duration Ta = 25°C 11.3 16.2 21.6 ms Tset Input pin setup time – – 0 – ns Thold Input pin hold time – 15 20 25 ns Tdelay Output pin delay time Cload = 20 pF 45 50 55 ns Tdrc ERC delay time Ta = 25°C 1 3 5 ns – Note:1. *N = selected prescaler ratio 2. Twdt1: The Option Word 1 (WDTPS) is used to define the oscillator set-up time. WDT timeout length is the same as set-up time (18ms). 3. Twdt2: The Option Word 1 (WDTPS) is used to define the oscillator set-up time. WDT timeout length is the same as set-up time (4.5ms). 4. These parameters are hypothetical (not tested) and are provided for design reference only. 5. Data under Minimum, Typical, and Maximum (Min, Typ, and Max) columns are based on hypothetical results at 25°C. These data are for design reference use only. 6. The Watchdog timer duration is determined by code option Word1 (WDTPS). Product Specification (V1.0) 01.25.2008 (This specification is subject to change without further notice) • 81 EM78P142 8-Bit Microprocessor with OTP ROM 10 Timing Diagrams AC Test Input/Output Waveform VDD-0.5V 0.75VDD 0.75VDD 0.25VDD 0.25VDD TEST POINTS GND+0.5V AC Testing : Input is driven at VDD-0.5V for logic "1",and GND+0.5V for logic "0".Timing measurements are made at 0.75VDD for logic "1",and 0.25VDD for logic "0". RESET Timing (CLK="0") NOP Instruction 1 Executed CLK /RESET Tdrh TCC Input Timing (CLKS="0") Tins CLK TCC Ttcc 82 • Product Specification (V1.0) 01.25.2008 (This specification is subject to change without further notice) EM78P142 8-Bit Microprocessor with OTP ROM APPENDIX A Package Type OTP MCU Package Type Pin Count Package Size SSOP 10 150 mil EM78P142SS10J/S Green products do not contain hazardous substances. The third edition of Sony SS-00259 standard. Pb contents should be less the 100ppm Pb contents comply with Sony specs. Part No. EM78P142xJ/xS Electroplate type Pure Tin Ingredient (%) Sn: 100% Melting point (°C) 232°C Electrical resistivity (µΩ-cm) 11.4 Hardness (hv) 8~10 Elongation (%) >50% Product Specification (V1.0) 01.25.2008 (This specification is subject to change without further notice) • 83 EM78P142 8-Bit Microprocessor with OTP ROM B Packaging Configuration B.1 EM78P142SS10 Symbal A A1 A2 D E E1 b b1 c c1 L e θ Min 1.35 0.075 1.18 4.7 5.8 3.7 0.406 0.406 0.178 0.178 0.55 0° Normal 1.55 0.175 1.38 4.9 6.0 3.9 0.65 1.00TYP - Max 1.75 0.275 1.58 5.1 6.2 4.1 0.496 0.456 0.278 0.228 0.75 7° TITLE: SSOP 10L (150MIL)PACKAGE OUTLINE DIMENSION File : Edtion: A SSOP 10 L Unit : mm Scale: Free Material: Sheet:1 of 1 Figure B-1 EM78P142 10-pin SSOP Package Type 84 • Product Specification (V1.0) 01.25.2008 (This specification is subject to change without further notice) EM78P142 8-Bit Microprocessor with OTP ROM C Quality Assurance and Reliability Test Category Solderability Test Conditions Remarks Solder temperature=245 ± 5°C, for 5 seconds up to the stopper using a rosin-type flux − Step 1: TCT, 65°C (15mins)~150°C (15mins), 10 cycles Step 2: Bake at 125°C, TD (durance)=24 hrs Step 3: Soak at 30°C /60% , TD (durance)=192 hrs Pre-condition Step 4: IR flow 3 cycles (Pkg thickness ≥ 2.5mm or 3 Pkg volume ≥ 350mm ----225 ± 5°C) For SMD IC (such as SOP, QFP, SOJ, etc) (Pkg thickness ≤ 2.5mm or 3 Pkg volume ≤ 350mm ----240 ± 5°C ) Temperature cycle test -65° (15mins)~150°C (15mins), 200 cycles − Pressure cooker test TA =121°C, RH=100%, pressure=2 atm, TD (durance) = 96 hrs − High temperature / High humidity test TA=85°C , RH=85% , TD (durance)=168 , 500 hrs − High-temperature storage life TA=150°C, TD (durance)=500, 1000 hrs − High-temperature operating life TA=125°C, VCC=Max. operating voltage, TD (durance) =168, 500, 1000 hrs − Latch-up TA=25°C, VCC=Max. operating voltage, 150mA/20V − ESD (HBM) TA=25°C, ≥ | ± 3KV | IP_ND,OP_ND,IO_ND IP_NS,OP_NS,IO_NS IP_PD,OP_PD,IO_PD, ESD (MM) TA=25°C, ≥ | ± 300V | IP_PS,OP_PS,IO_PS, VDD-VSS(+),VDD_VSS (-)mode C.1 Address Trap Detect An address trap detect is one of the MCU embedded fail-safe functions that detects MCU malfunction caused by noise or the like. Whenever the MCU attempts to fetch an instruction from a certain section of ROM, an internal recovery circuit is auto started. If a noise-caused address error is detected, the MCU will repeat execution of the program until the noise is eliminated. The MCU will then continue to execute the next program. Product Specification (V1.0) 01.25.2008 (This specification is subject to change without further notice) • 85 EM78P142 8-Bit Microprocessor with OTP ROM D How to Use the ICE 341N ICE 341 for EM78P142 W1 W1 P55/OSCI Pin Select OSCI P55 I/O Port (P55) OSCI P55 Crystal, ERC (OSCI) Oscillator IRC Modes select I/O Port (P55) Oscillator Crystal, ERC Modes select Crystal (OSCI) 86 • Product Specification (V1.0) 01.25.2008 (This specification is subject to change without further notice) EM78P142 8-Bit Microprocessor with OTP ROM JP3 2 20 P56 P52 P53 P54 RESE T/P71 GND P60 P61 P62 P63 P57 P51 P50 P55 P70 VDD P67 P66 P65 P64 1 Product Specification (V1.0) 01.25.2008 (This specification is subject to change without further notice) 19 • 87 EM78P142 8-Bit Microprocessor with OTP ROM DIP IDC PLUG 1 1 10 P56 P57 P52 P51 P53 P50 P54 P55 RESE T/P71 P70 GND VDD P60 P67 P61 P66 P62 P65 P63 P64 20 20 11 DIP IDC PLUG 10 88 • 11 Product Specification (V1.0) 01.25.2008 (This specification is subject to change without further notice) EM78P142 8-Bit Microprocessor with OTP ROM E Comparison between V-Package and U-Package Version This microcontroller device is comprised of the older V-package version and the newer U-package version. In the newer U-package version, a Code Option NRM is added and various features such as Crystal mode Operating frequency range and IRC mode wake-up time from sleep mode to normal mode, have been modified to favorably meet users’ requirements. The following table is provided for quick comparison between the two package version and for user convenience in the choice of the most suitable product for their application. Item EM78P142-V EM78P142-U Level Voltage Reset 4.0V, 3.5V, 2.7V 4.0V, 3.5V, 2.4V Crystal mode Operating frequency range at 0°C~ 70°C DC ~ 12 MHz, 4.5V DC ~ 16 MHz, 4.5V DC ~ 8 MHz, 3.0V DC ~ 8 MHz, 3.0V DC ~ 4 MHz, 2.1V DC ~ 4 MHz, 2.1V IRC mode wake-up time ( Sleep → Normal ) 80µs 10µs Condition: 5V, 4 MHz Code Option EM78P142-V Package Product Specification (V1.0) 01.25.2008 (This specification is subject to change without further notice) × Added a Code Option NRM EM78P142-U Package • 89 EM78P142 8-Bit Microprocessor with OTP ROM 90 • Product Specification (V1.0) 01.25.2008 (This specification is subject to change without further notice)