LP2980LV Micropower SOT, 50 mA Low-Voltage Low-Dropout Regulator For Applications With Output Voltages < 2V General Description Features The LP2980LV is a 50 mA, fixed-output voltage regulator designed for high performance in applications requiring output voltages below 2V. Using an optimized VIP™ (Vertically Integrated PNP) process, the LP2980LV delivers unequalled performance in all specifications critical to battery-powered designs: Low Ground Pin Current. Typically 280 µA @ 50 mA load, and 75 µA @ 1 mA load. n n n n n n n n n n n n Sleep Mode. Less than 1 µA quiescent current when ON/ OFF pin is pulled low. Smallest Possible Size. SOT-23 package uses absolute minimum board space. Precision Output. 0.5% tolerance output voltages available (A grade). Guaranteed 50 mA output current Smallest possible size (SOT-23 Package) Requires few external components < 1 µA quiescent current when shutdown Low ground pin current at all load currents Output voltage accuracy 0.5% (A Grade) High peak current capability (150 mA typical) Wide supply voltage range (16V max) Fast dynamic response to line and load Low ZOUT 0.1Ω typical (10 Hz to 1 MHz) Overtemperature/overcurrent protection −40˚C to +125˚C junction temperature range Applications n n n n Cellular Phone Palmtop/Laptop Computer Personal Digital Assistant (PDA) Camcorder, Personal Stereo, Camera Block Diagram 10109101 VIP™ is a trademark of National Semiconductor Corporation. © 2005 National Semiconductor Corporation DS101091 www.national.com LP2980LV Micropower SOT, 50 mA Low-Voltage Low-Dropout Regulator For Applications With Output Voltages < 2V March 2005 LP2980LV Connection Diagrams 5-Lead Small Outline Package (M5) micro SMD, 5 Bump Package (BPA05) 10109102 Top View See NS Package Number MF05A For ordering information see Table 1 10109157 Note: The actual physical placement of the package marking will vary from part to part. The package marking will designate the date code and will vary considerably. Package marking does not correlate to device type in any way. Top View See NS Package Number BPA05 Pin Descrption Name Pin Number Function SOT-23 micro SMD VIN 1 C3 Input Voltage GND 2 A1 Common Ground (device substrate) ON/OFF 3 A3 Logic high enable input N/C 4 B2 Post package trim - do not connect to this pin VOUT 5 C1 Regulated output voltage Ordering Information TABLE 1. Package Marking and Ordering Information Output Voltage (V) Grade Order Information Package Marking Supplied as: 1.5V A LP2980AIM5X-1.5 LANA 3000 Units on Tape and Reel 1.5V A LP2980AIM5-1.5 LANA 1000 Units on Tape and Reel 1.5V STD LP2980IM5X-1.5 LANB 3000 Units on Tape and Reel 1.5V STD LP2980IM5-1.5 LANB 1000 Units on Tape and Reel 1.8V A LP2980AIM5X-1.8 LAGA 3000 Units on Tape and Reel 1.8V A LP2980AIM5-1.8 LAGA 1000 Units on Tape and Reel 1.8V STD LP2980IM5X-1.8 LAGB 3000 Units on Tape and Reel 1.8V STD LP2980IM5-1.8 LAGB 1000 Units on Tape and Reel For output voltages > 2V, refer to LP2980 datasheet. If a non-standard voltage is required, see LP2980-ADJ. www.national.com 2 LP2980LV Basic Application Circuit 10109103 3 www.national.com LP2980LV Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note 1) Power Dissipation (Note 3) If Military/Aerospace specified devices are required, please contact the National Semiconductor Sales Office/ Distributors for availability and specifications. Input Supply Voltage (Survival) Storage Temperature Range −65˚C to +150˚C Operating Junction Temperature Range −40˚C to +125˚C −0.3V to +16V Input Supply Voltage (Operating) 2.1V to +16V ON/OFF Input Voltage (Survival) −0.3V to +16V Output Voltage (Survival), (Note 4) −0.3V to +9V IOUT (Survival) Lead Temperature Internally Limited Short Circuit Protected Input-Output Voltage (Survival), (Soldering, 5 sec.) 260˚C ESD Rating (Note 2) 2 kV (Note 5) −0.3V to +16V Electrical Characteristics Limits in standard typeface are for TJ = 25˚C, and limits in boldface type apply over the full operating temperature range. Unless otherwise specified: VIN = VO(NOM) + 1V, IL = 1 mA, CIN = 1 µF, COUT = 4.7 µF, VON/OFF = 2V. Symbol ∆VO Parameter Output Voltage Tolerance Output Voltage Line Regulation Conditions Typ Max Min Max IL = 1 mA −0.50 0.50 −1.00 1.00 1 mA < IL < 50 mA −0.75 −2.50 0.75 2.50 −1.50 −3.50 1.50 −3.50 VO(NOM) + 1V ≤ VIN ≤ 16V IL = 1 mA Ground Pin Current IL = 10 mA IL = 50 mA VON/OFF < 0.18V VIN(min) VON/OFF ION/OFF LP2980LVI-XX (Note 6) Min IL = 0 IGND LP2980LVAI-XX (Note 6) 0.007 0.014 0.032 0.014 0.032 65 85 110 85 110 75 95 160 95 160 120 175 325 175 325 280 475 850 475 850 0 1 1 2.05 2.20 2.20 Minimum input voltage required to maintain output regulation IL = 50 mA ON/OFF Input Voltage (Note 7) High = O/P ON 1.4 Low = O/P OFF 0.55 0.18 0.18 ON/OFF Input Current VON/OFF = 0 0 −1 −1 VON/OFF = 5V 5 15 15 1.6 1.6 Units %VNOM %/V µA V V µA IO(PK) Peak Output Current VOUT ≥ VO(NOM) − 5% 150 en Output Noise Voltage (RMS) BW = 300 Hz to 50 kHz, COUT = 10 µF 125 µV Ripple Rejection f = 1kHz COUT = 10 µF 63 dB 150 mA IO(MAX) Short Circuit Current RL = 0 (Steady State) (Note 8) 100 100 mA Note 1: Absolute maximum ratings indicate limits beyond which damage to the component may occur. Electrical specifications do not apply when operating the device outside of its rated operating conditions. Note 2: The ESD rating of pins 3 and 4 is 1 kV. Note 3: The maximum allowable power dissipation is a function of the maximum junction temperature, TJ(MAX), the junction-to-ambient thermal resistance, θJA, and the ambient temperature, TA. The maximum allowable power dissipation at any ambient temperature is calculated using: www.national.com 4 LP2980LV Electrical Characteristics (Continued) The value of θJA for the SOT-23 package is 220˚C/W. Exceeding the maximum allowable power dissipation will cause excessive die temperature, and the regulator will go into thermal shutdown. Note 4: If used in a dual-supply system where the regulator load is returned to a negative supply, the LP2980LV output must be diode-clamped to ground. Note 5: The output PNP structure contains a diode between the VIN and VOUT terminals that is normally reverse-biased. Reversing the polarity from VIN to VOUT will turn on this diode and possibly damage the device (see Application Hints). Note 6: Limits are 100% production tested at 25˚C. Limits over the operating temperature range are guaranteed through correlation using Statistical Quality Control (SQC) methods. The limits are used to calculate National’s Average Outgoing Quality Level (AOQL). Note 7: The ON/OFF input must be properly driven to prevent misoperation. For details, refer to Application Hints. Note 8: See Typical Performance Characteristics curves. 5 www.national.com LP2980LV Typical Performance Characteristics Unless otherwise specified: TA = 25˚C, COUT = 4.7 µF, CIN = 1µF, ON/OFF pin tied to VIN, VIN = VO(NOM) + 1V, VOUT(NOM) = 1.8V. VOUT vs Temperature Output Characteristics 10109105 10109107 Min Input Voltage vs Temperature Ground Pin Current vs Temperature 10109122 10109108 Ground Pin Current vs Load Current Input Current vs VIN 10109123 www.national.com 10109109 6 Input Current vs VIN Input Current vs VIN 10109110 10109111 Line Transient Line Transient 10109124 10109125 Load Transient Response Load Transient Response 10109114 10109115 7 www.national.com LP2980LV Typical Performance Characteristics Unless otherwise specified: TA = 25˚C, COUT = 4.7 µF, CIN = 1µF, ON/OFF pin tied to VIN, VIN = VO(NOM) + 1V, VOUT(NOM) = 1.8V. (Continued) LP2980LV Typical Performance Characteristics Unless otherwise specified: TA = 25˚C, COUT = 4.7 µF, CIN = 1µF, ON/OFF pin tied to VIN, VIN = VO(NOM) + 1V, VOUT(NOM) = 1.8V. (Continued) Instantaneous Short Circuit Current vs Temperature Short Circuit Current 10109126 10109127 Instantaneous Short Circuit Current vs Output Voltage Short Circuit Current 10109128 10109129 Output Impedance vs Frequency Output Noise Density 10109106 www.national.com 10109113 8 Input to Output Leakage vs Temperature Ripple Rejection 10109130 10109112 Output Reverse Leakage vs Temperature Turn-On Waveform 10109116 10109131 Turn-Off Waveform ON/OFF Pin current vs VON/OFF 10109117 10109132 The input capacitor must be located a distance of not more than 1 cm away from the input pin and returned to a clean analog ground. Any good quality ceramic, Tantalum, or film capacitor may be used at the input. IMPORTANT: Tantalum capacitors may suffer catastrophic failure due to surge current when connected to a lowimpedance source of power (like a battery or very large Application Hints INPUT CAPACITOR An input capacitor whose capacitance is ≥ 1 µF is required between the LP2980 input pin and ground (the amount of capacitance may be increased without limit). 9 www.national.com LP2980LV Typical Performance Characteristics Unless otherwise specified: TA = 25˚C, COUT = 4.7 µF, CIN = 1µF, ON/OFF pin tied to VIN, VIN = VO(NOM) + 1V, VOUT(NOM) = 1.8V. (Continued) LP2980LV Application Hints (Continued) capacitor). If a Tantalum input capacitor is used, it must be guaranteed by the manufacturer to have a surge current rating sufficient for the application. There are no requirements for ESR on the input capacitor, but tolerance and temperature coefficient must be considered when selecting the capacitor to ensure the capacitance will be ≥ 1 µF over the entire operating range. OUTPUT CAPACITOR The LP2980 requires an output capacitor to maintain loop stability. The capacitor must be selected to meet the requirements of capacitance and ESR (equivalent series resistance) over the full operating temperature range of the application (see SELECTING THE OUTPUT CAPACITOR). The minimum amount of capacitance which can be used on the output is 2.2 µF, but this value may be increased without limit. 10109120 10 µF ESR Curves For 1.8V Output Four curves are provided which show the stable ESR range of the LP2980-1.8V operated with output capacitances of 2.2, 4.7, 10, and 15 µF: 10109121 15 µF ESR Curves For 1.8V Output It should be noted that for the lower values of the output capacitance ( < 10 µF), it may be necessary to use a capacitor and series resistance to provide sufficient ESR. To understand why this is true, the basic characteristics of capacitance types must be explained: 10109118 2.2 µF ESR Curves For 1.8V Output CAPACITOR CHARACTERISTICS: Ceramic Capacitors have an extremely low ESR (in the range of 5-15 mΩ), and can only be used on the output of the LP2980 if an external resistor is placed in series to supply the needed ESR (a resistance value of about 2Ω +/− 30% is recommended). Be careful of the temperature coefficient of ceramics: select X7R or X5R if possible, because those types typically vary less than +/− 25% over the range of −40 to +125˚C. Z5U types are worse, and will typically lose half (or more) of their capacitance over the same temperature range. A source for large-value ceramics with good performance is Taiyo-Yuden. Their web address is : http://www.t-yuden.com/hicap.html Tantalum capacitors have ESR values that are more difficult to determine: the manufacturers specify only a maximum limit, which is typically 10X or 20X the typical value. ESR values can vary considerably from lot to lot and from manufacturer to manufacturer. For example, some 4.7 µF/ 10V devices tested showed typical values in the range of 0.5 - 1Ω, but values as high as 6Ω have been seen. It should also be noted that the ESR typically increases about 2X - 3X when going from +125˚C down to −40˚C. 10109119 4.7 µF ESR Curves For 1.8V Output www.national.com 10 At values of load current ≤ 20 mA, the ESR range is wide enough that Tantalum can be used without external resistance for added ESR. (Continued) Another factor to consider is that Tantalum manufacturers are presently designing their products toward the goal of getting the lowest possible ESR, in an attempt to compete with the new high-value ceramic capacitors. This means that the typical values will probably continue to decline in the future. Another acceptable configuration for 50 mA operation is to use a ceramic or film 10 µF capacitor (which has very low ESR) with an external 2Ω resistor in series. 15 µF OUTPUT CAPACITOR The stable ESR range (for 50 mA load current) using a 15 µF output capacitor is approximately 0.1Ω to 10Ω. It is extremely unlikely that a 15 µF Tantalum capacitor would be found with an ESR below 0.1Ω, so no external resistance is required with a Tantalum. As before, another acceptable configuration for 50 mA operation is to use a ceramic or film 15 µF capacitor with an external 2Ω resistor in series. SELECTING THE OUTPUT CAPACITOR This section contains guidelines for selecting an output capacitor which will maintain good regulator stability over the entire operating temperature range (refer to ESR CURVES). 2.2 µF OUTPUT CAPACITOR The smallest output capacitor which can be used with the LP2980-1.8 is 2.2 µF. However, care must be exercised if this value is used because of the ESR requirement. ON/OFF INPUT OPERATION The LP2980 is shut off by pulling the ON/OFF input low, and turned on by pulling it high. If this feature is not to be used, this pin should be tied to VIN to keep the regulator on at all times. At load currents ≤ 25mA, the stable ESR range is approximately 0.5Ω to 6Ω. This range is probably sufficiently wide that most 2.2 µF Tantalum capacitors would fall within it. At higher values of load currents (using a 2.2 µF output capacitor), the stable ESR window gets very narrow. It is likely that a Tantalum capacitor would not be a good choice for a design that must be robust enough for mass production. Instead, a 2.2 µF capacitor with very low ESR (either ceramic or film) should be used with a 2Ω external resistor placed in series to provide the ESR. To ensure proper operation, the signal source used to drive the ON/OFF input must be able to swing above and below the specified turn-on/turn-off voltage thresholds (see Electrical Characteristics). It is also important that the turn-on (and turn-off) voltage signals applied to the ON/OFF input have a slew rate which is not less than 40 mV/µs. CAUTION: The regulator output state can not be guaranteed if a slow-moving AC (or DC) signal is applied that it is in the range between the turn-on/turn-off voltage thresholds specified in the Electrical Characteristics section. 4.7 µF OUTPUT CAPACITOR If a 4.7 µF capacitor is used, the stable range of ESR values for 50 mA operation is approximately 0.6Ω to 6Ω. Because of the reduced ESR values of the new Tantalum, it is possible to find 4.7 µF Tantalum capacitors with ESR values at or below 0.6Ω. To ensure a stable design, it is recommended that an external resistor (value about 0.5Ω) be added in series with the 4.7 µF Tantalum to provide adequate minimum ESR. REVERSE INPUT/OUTPUT VOLTAGE The PNP power transistor used as the pass element in the LP2980 has an inherent diode connected between the regulator output and input. During normal operation (where the input voltage is higher than the output) this diode is reversebiased. However, if the output is pulled above the input, this diode will turn ON and current will flow into the regulator output. In such cases, a parasitic SCR can latch which will allow a high current to flow into VIN (and out the ground pin), which can damage the part. In any application where the output may be pulled above the input, an external Schottky diode must be connected from VIN to VOUT (cathode on VIN, anode on VOUT), to limit the reverse voltage across the LP2980 to 0.3V (see Basic Application Circuit). At values of load current ≤ 20 mA, the ESR range is wide enough that Tantalum can be used without external resistance for added ESR. Another acceptable configuration for 50 mA operation is to use a ceramic or film 4.7 µF capacitor (which has very low ESR) with an external 2Ω resistor in series. 10 µF OUTPUT CAPACITOR 50 mA operation using a 10 µF output capacitor requires an ESR in the range of approximately 0.4Ω to 7Ω. As stated previously, it is possible that solid Tantalum capacitors can be found with ESR values near to or below 0.4Ω. An external resistor in series with the Tantalum (value of about 0.5Ω) is recommended to assure unconditional stability. 11 www.national.com LP2980LV Application Hints LP2980LV Physical Dimensions inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted 5-Lead Small Outline Package (M5) NS Package Number MF05A For Order Numbers, refer to Table 1 in the “Order Information” section of this document. www.national.com 12 LP2980LV Physical Dimensions inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted (Continued) NOTES: UNLESS OTHERWISE SPECIFIED 1. EPOXY COATING 2. 63Sn/37Pb EUTECTIC BUMP 3. RECOMMEND NON-SOLDER MASK DEFINED LANDING PAD. 4. PIN 1 IS ESTABLISHED BY LOWER LEFT CORNER WITH RESPECT TO TEXT ORIENTATION. REMAINING PINS ARE NUMBERED COUNTER CLOCKWISE. 5. XXX IN DRAWING NUMBER REPRESENTS PACKAGE SIZE VARIATION WHERE X1 IS PACKAGE WIDTH, X2 IS PACKAGE LENGTH AND X3 IS PACKAGE HEIGHT. 6.NO JEDEC REGISTRATION AS OF AUG.1999. micro SMD, 5 Bump, Package (BPA05) NS Package Number BPA05A For Order Numbers, refer to Table 1in the “Ordering Information” section of this document. The dimensions for X1, X2 and X3 are as given: X1 = 0.930 +/− 0.030mm X2 = 1.107 +/− 0.030mm X3 = 0.850 +/− 0.050mm 13 www.national.com LP2980LV Micropower SOT, 50 mA Low-Voltage Low-Dropout Regulator For Applications With Output Voltages < 2V Notes National does not assume any responsibility for use of any circuitry described, no circuit patent licenses are implied and National reserves the right at any time without notice to change said circuitry and specifications. For the most current product information visit us at www.national.com. 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