HOLTEK HT49R70A-1_12

HT49R70A-1/HT49C70-1/HT49C70L
LCD Type 8-Bit MCU
Technical Document
· Tools Information
· FAQs
· Application Note
- HA0017E Controlling the Read/Write Function of the HT24 Series EEPROM Using the HT49 Series MCUs
- HA0024E Using the RTC in the HT49 MCU Series
- HA0025E Using the Time Base in the HT49 MCU Series
- HA0026E Using the I/O Ports on the HT49 MCU Series
- HA0027E Using the Timer/Event Counter in the HT49 MCU Series
- HA0075E MCU Reset and Oscillator Circuits Application Note
Features
· Operating voltage:
· Buzzer output
fSYS=4MHz: 2.2V~5.5V for HT49R70A-1/HT49C70-1
fSYS=8MHz: 3.3V~5.5V for HT49R70A-1/HT49C70-1
fSYS=500kHz: 1.2V~2.2V for HT49C70L
· On-chip crystal, RC and 32768Hz crystal oscillator
· HALT function and wake-up feature reduce power
consumption
· 8 input lines
· 16-level subroutine nesting
· 16 bidirectional I/O lines
· Bit manipulation instruction
· Two external interrupt input
· 16-bit table read instruction
· One 8-bit and one 16-bit programmable timer/event
· Up to 0.5ms instruction cycle with 8MHz system clock
counter with PFD (programmable frequency divider)
function
for HT49R70A-1/HT49C70-1
· Up to 8ms instruction cycle with 500kHz system clock
· LCD driver with 41´2, 41´3 or 40´4 segments
for HT49C70L
· 8K´16 program memory
· 63 powerful instructions
· 224´8 data memory RAM
· All instructions in 1 or 2 machine cycles
· Real Time Clock (RTC)
· Low voltage reset/detector functions for
· 8-bit prescaler for RTC
HT49R70A-1/HT49C70-1
· Watchdog Timer
· 64-pin LQFP and 100-pin LQFP packages
General Description
The HT49R70A-1/HT49C70-1/HT49C70L are 8-bit,
high performance, RISC architecture microcontroller
devices specifically designed for a wide range of LCD
applications. The mask version HT49C70-1 and
HT49C70L are fully pin and functionally compatible with
the OTP version HT49R70A-1 device. The HT49C70L
is a low voltage version, with the ability to operate at a
minimum power supply of 1.2V, making it suitable for
single cell battery applications.
Rev. 2.40
The advantages of low power consumption, I/O flexibility, programmable frequency divider, timer functions,
oscillator options, HALT and wake-up functions and
buzzer driver in addition to a flexible and configurable
LCD interface, enhance the versatility of these devices
to control a wide range of LCD-based application possibilities such as measuring scales, electronic multimeters, gas meters, timers, calculators, remote
controllers and many other LCD-based industrial and
home appliance applications.
1
July 30, 2012
HT49R70A-1/HT49C70-1/HT49C70L
Block Diagram
P ro g ra m
M e m o ry
IN T C
In s tr u c tio n
R e g is te r
M
M P
M
T M R 1 C
T M R 1
P F D 1
U
X
D A T A
M e m o ry
X
Y S
fT
1 D
Y S
/4
U
R T C O S C
X
O S C 3
O S C 4
W D T O S C
P C
P C 0 ~ P C 7
P O R T B
P B 0 /IN T 0
P B 1 /IN T 1
P B 2 /T M R 0
P B 3 /T M R 1
P B
S h ifte r
fS
T im e B a s e O u t
M
S T A T U S
A L U
/4
Y S
P B 3 /T M R 1
T M R 0 O V
fS
W D T
M U X
T im in g
G e n e r a tio n
U
Y S
R T C O u t
P B 2 /T M R 0
X
R T C
T im e B a s e
In s tr u c tio n
D e c o d e r
U
P F D 0
S T A C K
P ro g ra m
C o u n te r
fS
fS
M
T M R 0 C
T M R 0
In te rru p t
C ir c u it
P B 4 ~ P B 7
B P
O S C 2
O S C 4
O S
R E
V D
V S
O S
S
S
P O R T A
A C C
C 1
D
P A
L C D
M e m o ry
C 3
P A
P A
P A
P A
P A
L C D D r iv e r
H A L T
0 /B Z
1 /B Z
2
3 /P F D
4 ~ P A 7
E N /D IS
L V D /L V R
C O M 0 ~
C O M 2
Rev. 2.40
C O M 3 /
S E G 4 0
S E G 0 ~
S E G 3 9
2
July 30, 2012
HT49R70A-1/HT49C70-1/HT49C70L
Pin Assignment
P A
P
P
S
S
S
E G 1
E G 1
E G 1
S E G
S E G
O S C
O S C
V D
O S C
O S C
R E
A 0 /B
A 1 /B
P A
3 /P F
P A
D
D
S
Z
Z
4
3
2
1
9
8
2
4
2
P B
P B 2
P B 3
1
0
P B
6 4 6 3 6 2 6 1 6 0 5 9 5 8 5 7 5 6 5 5 5 4 5 3 5 2 5 1 5 0 4 9
1
P A 5
P A 6
P A 7
0 /IN T 0
1 /IN T 1
/T M R 0
/T M R 1
P B 4
P B 5
P B 6
P B 7
P C 0
P C 1
P C 2
P C 3
V S S
2
3
4
5
6
H T 4
H T
H T
6 4
7
8
9
1 0
9 R
4 9
4 9
L Q
7 0
C 7
C 7
F P
A -1
0 -1
0 L
-A
1 1
1 2
1 3
1 4
1 5
1 6
1 7 1 8 1 9 2 0 2 1 2 2 2 3 2 4 2 5 2 6 2 7 2 8 2 9 3 0 3 1 3 2
S E G
S E G
S E G
S E G
S E G
S E G
S E G
S E G
S E G
S E G
S E G
S E G
S E G
S E G
S E G
S E G
4 8
4 7
4 6
4 5
4 4
4 3
4 2
4 1
4 0
3 9
3 8
3 7
3 6
3 5
3 4
3 3
1 3
1 4
1 5
1 6
1 7
1 8
1 9
2 0
2 1
2 2
2 3
2 4
2 5
2 6
2 7
2 8
S E G
S E G
S E G
S E G
S E G
S E G
S E G
C O M
C O M
C O M
C O M
C 2
C 1
V 2
V 1
V L C
D
2 9
3 0
3 1
3 2
3 3
3 4
3 5
3 /S E G 4 0
2
1
0
N
N
S E G 1
S E G 1
S E G
S E G
S E G
S E G
S E G
S E G
S E G
S E G
S E G
S E G
O S C
O S C
V D
O S C
O S C
R E
P A 0 /B
P A 1 /B
P A
P A 3 /P F
P A
D
D
C
C
S
Z
Z
4
3
2
1
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
2
4
1
0
P A
N
N
N
N
N
P B
P B
P B 2
P B 3
1 0 0 9 9 9 8 9 7 9 6 9 5 9 4 9 3 9 2 9 1 9 0 8 9 8 8 8 7 8 6 8 5 8 4 8 3 8 2 8 1 8 0 7 9 7 8 7 7 7 6
1
5
C
2
7 3
7 2
4
C
5
C
C
P A 6
P A 7
0 /IN T 0
1 /IN T 1
/T M R 0
/T M R 1
P B 4
P B 5
P B 6
P B 7
P C 0
P C 1
P C 2
P C 3
P C 4
P C 5
P C 6
P C 7
N C
7 5
7 4
3
C
6
7
8
9
1 0
1 1
H T
H
H
1 0
1 2
1 3
1 4
1 5
4 9 R 7 0
T 4 9 C 7
T 4 9 C 7
0 L Q F
A -1
0 -1
0 L
P -A
1 6
1 7
1 8
1 9
2 0
2 1
2 2
2 3
2 4
2 5
2 6 2 7 2 8 2 9 3 0 3 1 3 2 3 3 3 4 3 5 3 6 3 7 3 8 3 9 4 0 4 1 4 2 4 3 4 4 4 5 4 6 4 7 4 8 4 9 5 0
7 1
7 0
6 9
6 8
6 7
6 6
6 5
6 4
6 3
6 2
6 1
6 0
5 9
5 8
5 7
5 6
5 5
5 4
5 3
5 2
5 1
N C
S E
S E
S E
S E
S E
S E
S E
S E
S E
S E
S E
S E
S E
S E
S E
S E
S E
S E
N C
G 1 2
G 1 3
G 1 4
G 1 5
G 1 6
G 1 7
G 1 8
G 1 9
G 2 0
G 2 1
G 2 2
G 2 3
G 2 4
G 2 5
G 2 6
G 2 7
G 2 8
G 2 9
N C
N C
N C
N C
N C
N C
S E G 3
S E G 3
S E G 3
S E G 3
S E G 3
S E G 3
S E G 3
S E G 3
S E G 3
S E G 3
C O M 3
C O M 2
C O M 1
C O M 0
C 2
C 1
V 2
V 1
V L C D
V S S
N C
N C
N C
N C
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
/S E G 4 0
Rev. 2.40
3
July 30, 2012
HT49R70A-1/HT49C70-1/HT49C70L
Pad Description
Pad Name
I/O
Options
Description
I/O
Wake-up
Pull-high
or None
CMOS or
NMOS
PA0~PA7 constitute an 8-bit bidirectional input/output port with Schmitt trigger input capability. Each pin on port can be configured as wake-up input by
options. PA0~PA3 can be configured as CMOS output or NMOS input/output
with or without pull-high resistor by options. PA4~PA7 are always pull-high
NMOS input/output. Of the eight bits, PA0~PA1 can be set as I/O pins or
buzzer outputs by options. PA3 can be set as an I/O pin or as a PFD output
also by options.
I
¾
PB0~PB7 constitute an 8-bit Schmitt trigger input port. Each pin on port are
with pull-high resistor. Of the eight bits, PB0 and PB1 can be set as input pins
or as external interrupt control pins (INT0) and (INT1) respectively, by software application. PB2 and PB3 can be set as an input pin or as a timer/event
counter input pin TMR0 and TMR1 also by software application.
I/O
Pull-high
or None
CMOS or
NMOS
PC0~PC7 constitute an 8-bit bidirectional input/output port with Schmitt trigger input capability. On the port, such can be configured as CMOS output or
NMOS input/output with or without pull-high resistor by options.
V2
I
¾
Voltage pump for HT49R70A-1/HT49C70-1.
LCD power supply for HT49C70L.
VLCD
I
¾
LCD power supply for HT49R70A-1/HT49C70-1.
Voltage pump for HT49C70L.
V1, C1, C2
PA0/BZ
PA1/BZ
PA2
PA3/PFD
PA4~PA7
PB0/INT0
PB1/INT1
PB2/TMR0
PB3/TMR1
PB4~PB7
PC0~PC7
I
¾
COM0~COM2
COM3/SEG40
O
1/2, 1/3 or 1/4
Duty
SEG0~SEG39
O
¾
OSC1
OSC2
I
O
Crystal or RC
OSC1 and OSC2 are connected to an RC network or a crystal (by options) for
the internal system clock. In the case of RC operation, OSC2 is the output terminal for 1/4 system clock.
The system clock may come from the RTC oscillator. If the system clock comes from RTCOSC, these two pins can be floating.
OSC3
OSC4
I
O
RTC or
System Clock
Real time clock oscillators. OSC3 and OSC4 are connected to a 32768Hz
crystal oscillator for timing purposes or to a system clock source (depending
on the options).
No built-in capacitor
VDD
¾
¾
Positive power supply
VSS
¾
¾
Negative power supply, ground
RES
I
¾
Schmitt trigger reset input, active low
Rev. 2.40
Voltage pump
SEG40 can be set as a segment or as a common output driver for LCD panel
by options. COM0~COM2 are outputs for LCD panel plate.
LCD driver outputs for LCD panel segments
4
July 30, 2012
HT49R70A-1/HT49C70-1/HT49C70L
Absolute Maximum Ratings
HT49R70A-1/HT49C70-1
Supply Voltage ...........................VSS-0.3V to VSS+6.0V
Storage Temperature ............................-50°C to 125°C
Input Voltage..............................VSS-0.3V to VDD+0.3V
IOL Total ..............................................................150mA
Total Power Dissipation .....................................500mW
Operating Temperature...........................-40°C to 85°C
IOH Total............................................................-100mA
HT49C70L
Supply Voltage ...........................VSS-0.3V to VSS+2.5V
Storage Temperature ............................-50°C to 125°C
Input Voltage..............................VSS-0.3V to VDD+0.3V
IOL Total ................................................................50mA
Total Power Dissipation .....................................150mW
Operating Temperature...........................-40°C to 85°C
IOH Total..............................................................-30mA
Note: These are stress ratings only. Stresses exceeding the range specified under ²Absolute Maximum Ratings² may
cause substantial damage to the device. Functional operation of this device at other conditions beyond those listed
in the specification is not implied and prolonged exposure to extreme conditions may affect device reliability.
D.C. Characteristics
HT49R70A-1 and HT49C70-1
Ta=25°C
Test Conditions
Symbol
Parameter
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Unit
LVR disable, fSYS=4MHz
2.2
¾
5.5
V
fSYS=8MHz
3.3
¾
5.5
V
VA£5.5V
2.2
¾
5.5
V
¾
1
2
mA
¾
3
5
mA
¾
1
2
mA
¾
3
5
mA
¾
4
8
mA
¾
0.3
0.6
mA
¾
0.6
1
mA
¾
¾
1
mA
¾
¾
2
mA
¾
2.5
5
mA
¾
10
20
mA
¾
2
5
mA
¾
6
10
mA
¾
17
30
mA
¾
34
60
mA
¾
13
25
mA
¾
26
50
mA
VDD
VDD
Operating Voltage
¾
VLCD
LCD Power Supply (Note *)
¾
IDD1
Operating Current
(Crystal OSC)
3V
IDD2
Operating Current
(RC OSC)
3V
IDD4
Operating Current
(fSYS=RTC OSC)
3V
Standby Current
(*fS=T1)
3V
Standby Current
(*fS=RTC OSC)
3V
Standby Current
(*fS=WDT RC OSC)
3V
Standby Current
(*fS=RTC OSC)
3V
Standby Current
(*fS=RTC OSC)
3V
ISTB3
ISTB4
ISTB5
Rev. 2.40
No load, fSYS=4MHz
5V
Operating Current
(Crystal OSC, RC OSC)
ISTB2
No load, fSYS=4MHz
5V
IDD3
ISTB1
Conditions
5V
No load, fSYS=8MHz
No load
5V
5V
5V
5V
5V
5V
No load, system HALT,
LCD Off at HALT
No load, system HALT,
LCD On at HALT, C type
No load, system HALT
LCD On at HALT, C type
No load, system HALT,
LCD On at HALT, R type, 1/2 bias
No load, system HALT,
LCD On at HALT, R type, 1/3 bias
5
July 30, 2012
HT49R70A-1/HT49C70-1/HT49C70L
Test Conditions
Symbol
Parameter
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Unit
¾
14
25
mA
¾
28
50
mA
¾
10
20
mA
¾
20
40
mA
¾
0
¾
0.3VDD
V
¾
¾
0.7VDD
¾
VDD
V
Input Low Voltage (RES)
¾
¾
0
¾
0.4VDD
V
VIH2
Input High Voltage (RES)
¾
¾
0.9VDD
¾
VDD
V
IOL1
6
12
¾
mA
I/O Port Sink Current
10
25
¾
mA
-2
-4
¾
mA
-5
-8
¾
mA
210
420
¾
mA
350
700
¾
mA
-80
-160
¾
mA
-180
-360
¾
mA
20
60
100
kW
10
30
50
kW
VDD
Conditions
Standby Current
(*fS=WDT RC OSC)
3V
No load, system HALT,
LCD On at HALT, R type, 1/2 bias
ISTB7
Standby Current
(*fS=WDT RC OSC)
3V
5V
No load, system HALT,
LCD On at HALT, R type, 1/3 bias
VIL1
Input Low Voltage for I/O
Ports, TMR and INT
¾
VIH1
Input High Voltage for I/O
Ports, TMR and INT
VIL2
ISTB6
5V
3V
VOL=0.1VDD
5V
3V
IOH1
I/O Port Source Current
VOH=0.9VDD
5V
IOL2
IOH2
LCD Common and Segment
Current
3V
LCD Common and Segment
Current
3V
5V
VOH=0.9VDD
5V
3V
RPH
VOL=0.1VDD
Pull-high Resistance
5V
¾
VLVR
Low Voltage Reset Voltage
¾
¾
2.7
3.2
3.6
V
VLVD
Low Voltage Detector Voltage
¾
¾
3.0
3.3
3.6
V
Note:
²*² for the value of VA refer to the LCD driver section.
²*fS² please refer to the WDT clock option
Rev. 2.40
6
July 30, 2012
HT49R70A-1/HT49C70-1/HT49C70L
HT49C70L
Test Conditions
Symbol
Parameter
VDD
¾
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Unit
1.2
¾
2.2
V
Conditions
¾
VDD
Operating Voltage
IDD1
Operating Current
(Crystal OSC)
1.5V No load, fSYS=455kHz
¾
60
100
mA
IDD2
Operating Current
(RC OSC)
1.5V No load, fSYS=400kHz
¾
50
100
mA
IDD4
Operating Current
(fSYS=RTC OSC)
1.5V No load
¾
2.5
5
mA
ISTB1
Standby Current
(*fS=T1)
1.5V
No load, system HALT,
LCD Off at HALT
¾
0.1
0.5
mA
ISTB2
Standby Current
(*fS=RTC OSC)
1.5V
No load, system HALT,
LCD On at HALT, C type
¾
1
2
mA
ISTB3
Standby Current
(*fS=WDT RC OSC)
1.5V
No load, system HALT
LCD On at HALT, C type
¾
0.5
1
mA
VIL1
Input Low Voltage for I/O
Ports, TMR and INT
¾
¾
0
¾
0.3VDD
V
VIH1
Input High Voltage for I/O
Ports, TMR and INT
¾
¾
0.8VDD
¾
VDD
V
VIL2
Input Low Voltage (RES)
¾
¾
0
¾
0.4VDD
V
VIH2
Input High Voltage (RES)
¾
¾
0.9VDD
¾
VDD
V
IOL1
I/O Port Sink Current
1.5V VOL=0.1VDD
0.4
0.8
¾
mA
IOH1
I/O Port Source Current
1.5V VOH=0.9VDD
-0.3
-0.6
¾
mA
RPH
Pull-high Resistance
1.5V ¾
75
150
300
kW
VLVR
Low Voltage Reset Voltage
¾
¾
2.7
3.2
3.6
V
VLVD
Low Voltage Detector Voltage
¾
¾
3.0
3.3
3.6
V
Note:
²*² for the value of VA refer to the LCD driver section.
²*fS² please refer to the WDT clock option
Rev. 2.40
7
July 30, 2012
HT49R70A-1/HT49C70-1/HT49C70L
A.C. Characteristics
HT49R70A-1 and HT49C70-1
Ta=25°C
Test Conditions
Symbol
Parameter
VDD
System Clock
(Crystal OSC)
fSYS1
System Clock
(RC OSC)
fSYS2
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Unit
Conditions
¾
2.2V~5.5V
400
¾
4000
kHz
¾
3.3V~5.5V
400
¾
8000
kHz
¾
2.2V~5.5V
400
¾
4000
kHz
¾
3.3V~5.5V
400
¾
8000
kHz
fSYS3
System Clock
(32768Hz Crystal OSC)
¾
¾
¾
32768
¾
Hz
fRTCOSC
RTC Frequency
¾
¾
¾
32768
¾
Hz
fTIMER
¾
2.2V~5.5V
0
¾
4000
kHz
Timer I/P Frequency
¾
3.3V~5.5V
0
¾
8000
kHz
45
90
180
ms
32
65
130
ms
¾
¾
ms
tWDTOSC Watchdog Oscillator Period
3V
5V
¾
tRES
External Reset Low Pulse Width
¾
¾
1
tSST
System Start-up Timer Period
¾
Wake-up from HALT
¾
1024
¾
*tSYS
tLVR
Low Voltage Width to Reset
¾
¾
0.5
1
2
ms
tINT
Interrupt Pulse Width
¾
¾
1
¾
¾
ms
Note:
*tSYS= 1/fSYS1, 1/fSYS2 or 1/fSYS3
HT49C70L
Ta=25°C
Test Conditions
Symbol
Parameter
VDD
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Unit
Conditions
fSYS1
System Clock
(Crystal OSC)
¾
1.2V~2.2V
400
¾
500
kHz
fSYS2
System Clock
(RC OSC)
¾
1.2V~2.2V
400
¾
500
kHz
fSYS3
System Clock
(32768Hz Crystal OSC)
¾
¾
¾
32768
¾
Hz
fRTCOSC
RTC Frequency
¾
¾
¾
32768
¾
Hz
fTIMER
Timer I/P Frequency
¾
1.2V~2.2V
0
¾
500
kHz
35
70
140
ms
¾
10
¾
¾
ms
tWDTOSC Watchdog Oscillator Period
1.5V ¾
External Reset Low Pulse Width
¾
tSST
System Start-up Timer Period
¾
Wake-up from HALT
¾
1024
¾
*tSYS
tLVR
Low Voltage Width to Reset
¾
¾
0.5
1
2
ms
tINT
Interrupt Pulse Width
¾
¾
10
¾
¾
ms
tRES
Note:
*tSYS= 1/fSYS1, 1/fSYS2 or 1/fSYS3
Rev. 2.40
8
July 30, 2012
HT49R70A-1/HT49C70-1/HT49C70L
Functional Description
Execution Flow
After accessing a program memory word to fetch an instruction code, the value of the PC is incremented by 1.
The PC then points to the memory word containing the
next instruction code.
The system clock is derived from either a crystal or an
RC oscillator or a 32768Hz crystal oscillator. It is internally divided into four non-overlapping clocks. One instruction cycle consists of four system clock cycles.
When executing a jump instruction, conditional skip execution, loading a PCL register, a subroutine call, an initial reset, an internal interrupt, an external interrupt, or
returning from a subroutine, the PC manipulates the
program transfer by loading the address corresponding
to each instruction.
Instruction fetching and execution are pipelined in such
a way that a fetch takes one instruction cycle while decoding and execution takes the next instruction cycle.
The pipelining scheme makes it possible for each instruction to be effectively executed in a cycle. If an instruction changes the value of the program counter, two
cycles are required to complete the instruction.
The conditional skip is activated by instructions. Once
the condition is met, the next instruction, fetched during
the current instruction execution, is discarded and a
dummy cycle replaces it to get a proper instruction; otherwise proceed to the next instruction.
Program Counter - PC
The program counter (PC) is 13 bits wide and it controls
the sequence in which the instructions stored in the program ROM are executed. The contents of the PC can
specify a maximum of 8192 addresses.
S y s te m
O S C 2 (R C
C lo c k
T 1
T 2
T 3
T 4
The lower byte of the PC (PCL) is a readable and
writeable register (06H). Moving data into the PCL performs a short jump. The destination is within 256 locations.
T 1
T 2
T 3
T 4
T 1
T 2
T 3
T 4
o n ly )
P C
P C
P C + 1
F e tc h IN S T (P C )
E x e c u te IN S T (P C -1 )
P C + 2
F e tc h IN S T (P C + 1 )
E x e c u te IN S T (P C )
F e tc h IN S T (P C + 2 )
E x e c u te IN S T (P C + 1 )
Execution Flow
Mode
Program Counter
*12
*11
*10
*9
*8
*7
*6
*5
*4
*3
*2
*1
*0
Initial Reset
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
External Interrupt 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
External Interrupt 1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
Timer/Event Counter 0 overflow
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
Timer/Event Counter 1 overflow
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
Time Base Interrupt
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
RTC Interrupt
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
Skip
Program Counter + 2
Loading PCL
*12
*11
*10
*9
*8
@7
@6
@5
@4
@3
@2
@1
@0
Jump, Call Branch
#12
#11
#10
#9
#8
#7
#6
#5
#4
#3
#2
#1
#0
Return From Subroutine
S12 S11 S10
S9
S8
S7
S6
S5
S4
S3
S2
S1
S0
Program Counter
Note:
*12~*0: Program counter bits
#12~#0: Instruction code bits
Rev. 2.40
S12~S0: Stack register bits
@7~@0: PCL bits
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July 30, 2012
HT49R70A-1/HT49C70-1/HT49C70L
When a control transfer takes place, an additional
dummy cycle is required.
0 0 0 H
D e v ic e in itia liz a tio n p r o g r a m
0 0 4 H
Program Memory - ROM
E x te r n a l in te r r u p t 0 s u b r o u tin e
0 0 8 H
The program memory is used to store the program instructions which are to be executed. It also contains
data, table, and interrupt entries, and is organized into
8192´16 bits which are addressed by the program
counter and table pointer.
0 0 C H
0 1 0 H
E x te r n a l in te r r u p t 1 s u b r o u tin e
T im e r /e v e n t c o u n te r 0 in te r r u p t s u b r o u tin e
T im e r /e v e n t c o u n te r 1 in te r r u p t s u b r o u tin e
0 1 4 H
T im e B a s e In te r r u p t
0 1 8 H
R T C In te rru p t
Certain locations in the ROM are reserved for special
usage:
· Location 000H
n 0 0 H
Location 000H is reserved for program initialization.
After chip reset, the program always begins execution
at this location.
1 F 0 0 H
L o o k - u p ta b le ( 2 5 6 w o r d s )
1 F F F H
Location 004H is reserved for the external interrupt
service program. If the INT0 input pin is activated, and
the interrupt is enabled, and the stack is not full, the
program begins execution at location 004H.
1 6 b its
N o te : n ra n g e s fro m
0 to 1 F
Program Memory
· Location 008H
· Table location
Location 008H is reserved for the external interrupt
service program also. If the INT1 input pin is activated,
and the interrupt is enabled, and the stack is not full,
the program begins execution at location 008H.
Any location in the ROM can be used as a look-up table. The instructions ²TABRDC [m]² (the current page,
1 page=256 words) and ²TABRDL [m]² (the last page)
transfer the contents of the lower-order byte to the
specified data memory, and the contents of the
higher-order byte to TBLH (Table Higher-order byte
register) (08H). Only the destination of the lower-order
byte in the table is well-defined; the other bits of the table word are all transferred to the lower portion of
TBLH. The TBLH is read only, and the table pointer
(TBLP) is a read/write register (07H), indicating the table location. Before accessing the table, the location
should be placed in TBLP. All the table related instructions require 2 cycles to complete the operation.
These areas may function as a normal ROM depending upon the user¢s requirements.
· Location 00CH
Location 00CH is reserved for the Timer/Event Counter 0 interrupt service program. If a timer interrupt results from a Timer/Event Counter 0 overflow, and if the
interrupt is enabled and the stack is not full, the program begins execution at location 00CH.
· Location 010H
Location 010H is reserved for the Timer/Event Counter 1 interrupt service program. If a timer interrupt results from a Timer/Event Counter 1 overflow, and if the
interrupt is enabled and the stack is not full, the program begins execution at location 010H.
Stack Register - STACK
· Location 014H
Location 014H is reserved for the Time Base interrupt
service program. If a Time Base interrupt occurs, and
the interrupt is enabled, and the stack is not full, the
program begins execution at location 014H.
The stack register is a special part of the memory used
to save the contents of the program counter. The stack
is organized into 16 levels and is neither part of the data
nor part of the program, and is neither readable nor
writeable. Its activated level is indexed by a stack
pointer (SP) and is neither readable nor writeable. At the
start of a subroutine call or an interrupt acknowledgment, the contents of the program counter is pushed
· Location 018H
Location 018H is reserved for the real time clock interrupt service program. If a real time clock interrupt occurs, and the interrupt is enabled, and the stack is not
full, the program begins execution at location 018H.
Instruction(s)
L o o k - u p ta b le ( 2 5 6 w o r d s )
n F F H
· Location 004H
P ro g ra m
R O M
Table Location
*12
*11
*10
*9
*8
*7
*6
*5
*4
*3
*2
*1
*0
TABRDC [m]
P12
P11
P10
P9
P8
@7
@6
@5
@4
@3
@2
@1
@0
TABRDL [m]
1
1
1
1
1
@7
@6
@5
@4
@3
@2
@1
@0
Table Location
Note:
*12~*0: Table location bits
@7~@0: Table pointer bits
Rev. 2.40
P12~P8: Current program counter bits
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July 30, 2012
HT49R70A-1/HT49C70-1/HT49C70L
onto the stack. At the end of the subroutine or interrupt
routine, signaled by a return instruction (RET or RETI),
the contents of the program counter is restored to its
previous value from the stack. After chip reset, the SP
will point to the top of the stack.
In d ir e c t A d d r e s s in g R e g is te r 0
0 1 H
0 2 H
M P 0
In d ir e c t A d d r e s s in g R e g is te r 1
0 3 H
M P 1
0 4 H
B P
A C C
P C L
0 5 H
If the stack is full and a non-masked interrupt takes
place, the interrupt request flag is recorded but the acknowledgment is still inhibited. Once the SP is decremented (by RET or RETI), the interrupt is serviced. This
feature prevents stack overflow, allowing the programmer to use the structure easily. Likewise, if the stack is
full, and a ²CALL² is subsequently executed, a stack
overflow occurs and the first entry is lost (only the most
recent 16 return addresses are stored).
0 6 H
0 7 H
0 8 H
T B L P
T B L H
0 9 H
R T C C
0 A H
S T A T U S
0 B H
IN T C 0
0 C H
0 D H
0 E H
0 F H
Data Memory - RAM
T M R 0
T M R 0 C
T M R 1 H
1 1 H
T M R 1 L
T M R 1 C
1 2 H
P A
1 0 H
The data memory (RAM) is designed with 245´8 bits,
and is divided into two functional groups, namely; special function registers and general purpose data memory, most of which are readable/writeable, although
some are read only.
S p e c ia l P u r p o s e
D a ta M e m o ry
1 3 H
1 4 H
P B
1 5 H
1 6 H
Of the two types of functional groups, the special function
registers consist of an Indirect addressing register 0
(00H), a Memory pointer register 0 (MP0;01H), an Indirect addressing register 1 (02H), a Memory pointer register 1 (MP1;03H), a Bank pointer (BP;04H), an
Accumulator (ACC;05H), a Program counter lower-order
byte register (PCL;06H), a Table pointer (TBLP;07H), a
Table higher-order byte register (TBLH;08H), a Real time
clock control register (RTCC;09H), a Status register
(STATUS;0AH), an Interrupt control register 0
(INTC0;0BH), a Timer/Event Counter 0 (TMR0;0DH), a
Timer/Event Counter 0 control register (TMR0C;0EH), a
Timer/Event Counter 1 (TMR1H:0FH;TMR1L;10H), a
Timer/Event Counter 1 control register (TMR1C;11H), I/O
registers (PA;12H, PB;14H, PC;16H), and Interrupt control register 1 (INTC1;1EH). On the other hand, the general purpose data memory, addressed from 20H to FFH,
is used for data and control information under instruction
commands.
P C
1 7 H
1 8 H
1 9 H
1 A H
1 B H
1 C H
1 D H
1 E H
1 F H
2 0 H
IN T C 1
G e n e ra l P u rp o s e
D a ta M e m ro y
(2 2 4 B y te s )
F F H
: U n u s e d .
R e a d a s "0 "
RAM Mapping
The function of data movement between two indirect addressing registers is not supported. The memory pointer
registers, MP0 and MP1, are both 8-bit registers used to
access the RAM by combining corresponding indirect
addressing registers. MP0 can only be applied to data
memory, while MP1 can be applied to data memory and
LCD display memory.
The areas in the RAM can directly handle arithmetic,
logic, increment, decrement, and rotate operations. Except some dedicated bits, Each pin in the RAM can be
set and reset by ²SET [m].i² and ²CLR [m].i² They are
also indirectly accessible through the Memory pointer
register 0 (MP0;01H) or the Memory pointer register 1
(MP1;03H).
Accumulator - ACC
The accumulator (ACC) is related to the ALU operations. It is also mapped to location 05H of the RAM and
is capable of operating with immediate data. The data
movement between two data memory locations must
pass through the ACC.
Indirect Addressing Register
Location 00H and 02H are indirect addressing registers
that are not physically implemented. Any read/write operation of [00H] and [02H] accesses the RAM pointed to
by MP0 (01H) and MP1(03H) respectively. Reading location 00H or 02H indirectly returns the result 00H.
While, writing it indirectly leads to no operation.
Rev. 2.40
0 0 H
11
July 30, 2012
HT49R70A-1/HT49C70-1/HT49C70L
Arithmetic and Logic Unit - ALU
Interrupts
This circuit performs 8-bit arithmetic and logic operations and provides the following functions:
The device provides two external interrupts, two internal
timer/event counter interrupts, an internal time base interrupt, and an internal real time clock interrupt. The interrupt control register 0 (INTC0;0BH) and interrupt
control register 1 (INTC1;1EH) both contain the interrupt
control bits that are used to set the enable/disable status
and interrupt request flags.
· Arithmetic operations (ADD, ADC, SUB, SBC, DAA)
· Logic operations (AND, OR, XOR, CPL)
· Rotation (RL, RR, RLC, RRC)
· Increment and Decrement (INC, DEC)
· Branch decision (SZ, SNZ, SIZ, SDZ etc.)
Once an interrupt subroutine is serviced, other interrupts are all blocked (by clearing the EMI bit). This
scheme may prevent any further interrupt nesting. Other
interrupt requests may take place during this interval,
but only the interrupt request flag will be recorded. If a
certain interrupt requires servicing within the service
routine, the EMI bit and the corresponding bit of the
INTC0 or of INTC1 may be set in order to allow interrupt
nesting. Once the stack is full, the interrupt request will
not be acknowledged, even if the related interrupt is enabled, until the SP is decremented. If immediate service
is desired, the stack should be prevented from becoming full.
The ALU not only saves the results of a data operation
but also changes the status register.
Status Register - STATUS
The status register (0AH) is 8 bits wide and contains, a
carry flag (C), an auxiliary carry flag (AC), a zero flag (Z),
an overflow flag (OV), a power down flag (PDF), and a
watchdog time-out flag (TO). It also records the status
information and controls the operation sequence.
Except for the TO and PDF flags, bits in the status register can be altered by instructions similar to other registers. Data written into the status register does not alter
the TO or PDF flags. Operations related to the status
register, however, may yield different results from those
intended. The TO and PDF flags can only be changed
by a Watchdog Timer overflow, chip power-up, or clearing the Watchdog Timer and executing the ²HALT² instruction. The Z, OV, AC, and C flags reflect the status of
the latest operations.
All these interrupts can support a wake-up function. As an
interrupt is serviced, a control transfer occurs by pushing
the contents of the program counter onto the stack followed by a branch to a subroutine at the specified location
in the ROM. Only the contents of the program counter is
pushed onto the stack. If the contents of the register or of
the status register (STATUS) is altered by the interrupt service program which corrupts the desired control sequence,
the contents should be saved in advance.
On entering the interrupt sequence or executing the
subroutine call, the status register will not be automatically pushed onto the stack. If the contents of the status
is important, and if the subroutine is likely to corrupt the
status register, the programmer should take precautions
and save it properly.
Bit No.
External interrupts are triggered by a high to low transition of INT0 or INT1, and the related interrupt request
flag (EIF0; bit 4 of INTC0, EIF1; bit 5 of INTC0) is set as
well. After the interrupt is enabled, the stack is not full,
and the external interrupt is active, a subroutine call to
location 04H or 08H occurs. The interrupt request flag
(EIF0 or EIF1) and EMI bits are all cleared to disable
other interrupts.
Label
Function
0
C
C is set if an operation results in a carry during an addition operation or if a borrow does not
take place during a subtraction operation; otherwise C is cleared. C is also affected by a rotate through carry instruction.
1
AC
AC is set if an operation results in a carry out of the low nibbles in addition or no borrow from
the high nibble into the low nibble in subtraction; otherwise AC is cleared.
2
Z
3
OV
OV is set if an operation results in a carry into the highest-order bit but not a carry out of the
highest-order bit, or vice versa; otherwise OV is cleared.
4
PDF
PDF is cleared by either a system power-up or executing the ²CLR WDT² instruction. PDF is
set by executing the ²HALT² instruction.
5
TO
TO is cleared by a system power-up or executing the ²CLR WDT² or ²HALT² instruction. TO
is set by a WDT time-out.
6, 7
¾
Unused bit, read as ²0²
Z is set if the result of an arithmetic or logic operation is zero; otherwise Z is cleared.
Status (0AH) Register
Rev. 2.40
12
July 30, 2012
HT49R70A-1/HT49C70-1/HT49C70L
The internal Timer/Event Counter 0 interrupt is initialized by setting the Timer/Event Counter 0 interrupt request flag (T0F;bit 6 of INTC0), which is normally
caused by a timer overflow. After the interrupt is enabled, and the stack is not full, and the T0F bit is set, a
subroutine call to location 0CH occurs. The related interrupt request flag (T0F) is reset, and the EMI bit is
cleared to disable further interrupts. The Timer/Event
Counter 1 is operated in the same manner but its related
interrupt request flag is T1F (bit 4 of INTC1) and its subroutine call location is 10H.
terrupt control bit are set both to 1 (if the stack is not full).
To return from the interrupt subroutine, ²RET² or ²RETI²
may be invoked. RETI sets the EMI bit and enables an
interrupt service, but RET does not.
Interrupts occurring in the interval between the rising
edges of two consecutive T2 pulses are serviced on the
latter of the two T2 pulses if the corresponding interrupts
are enabled. In the case of simultaneous requests, the
priorities in the following table apply. These can be
masked by resetting the EMI bit.
Interrupt Source
The time base interrupt is initialized by setting the time
base interrupt request flag (TBF;bit 5 of INTC1), that is
caused by a regular time base signal. After the interrupt
is enabled, and the stack is not full, and the TBF bit is
set, a subroutine call to location 14H occurs. The related
interrupt request flag (TBF) is reset and the EMI bit is
cleared to disable further interrupts.
The real time clock interrupt is initialized by setting the
real time clock interrupt request flag (RTF; bit 6 of
INTC1), that is caused by a regular real time clock signal. After the interrupt is enabled, and the stack is not
full, and the RTF bit is set, a subroutine call to location
18H occurs. The related interrupt request flag (RTF) is
reset and the EMI bit is cleared to disable further interrupts.
Vector
External interrupt 0
1
04H
External interrupt 1
2
08H
Timer/Event Counter 0 overflow
3
0CH
Timer/Event Counter 1 overflow
4
10H
Time base interrupt
5
14H
Real time clock interrupt
6
18H
The Timer/Event Counter 0 interrupt request flag, T0F,
external interrupt 1 request flag (EIF1), external interrupt 0 request flag (EIF0), enable Timer/Event Counter
0 interrupt bit (ET0I), enable external interrupt 1 bit
(EEI1), enable external interrupt 0 bit (EEI0), and enable master interrupt bit (EMI) make up of the Interrupt
Control register 0 (INTC0) which is located at 0BH in the
RAM. The real time clock interrupt request flag (RTF),
time base interrupt request flag (TBF), Timer/Event
Counter 1 interrupt request flag (T1F), enable real time
During the execution of an interrupt subroutine, other interrupt acknowledgments are all held until the ²RETI²
instruction is executed or the EMI bit and the related inBit No.
Priority
Label
Function
0
EMI
Controls the master (global) interrupt (1=enabled; 0=disabled)
1
EEI0
Controls the external interrupt 0 (1=enabled; 0=disabled)
2
EEI1
Controls the external interrupt 1 (1=enabled; 0=disabled)
3
ET0I
Controls the Timer/Event Counter 0 interrupt (1=enabled; 0=disabled)
4
EIF0
External interrupt 0 request flag (1=active; 0=inactive)
5
EIF1
External interrupt 1 request flag (1=active; 0=inactive)
6
T0F
Internal Timer/Event Counter 0 request flag (1=active; 0=inactive)
7
¾
Unused bit, read as ²0²
INTC0 (0BH) Register
Bit No.
Label
Function
0
ET1I
Controls the Timer/Event Counter 1 interrupt (1=enabled; 0=disabled)
1
ETBI
Controls the time base interrupt (1=enabled; 0:disabled)
2
ERTI
Controls the real time clock interrupt (1=enabled; 0:disabled)
3
¾
4
T1F
Unused bit, read as ²0²
Internal Timer/Event Counter 1 request flag (1=active; 0=inactive)
5
TBF
Time base request flag (1=active; 0=inactive)
6
RTF
Real time clock request flag (1=active; 0=inactive)
7
¾
Unused bit, read as ²0²
INTC1 (1EH) Register
Rev. 2.40
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July 30, 2012
HT49R70A-1/HT49C70-1/HT49C70L
clock interrupt bit (ERTI), and enable time base interrupt
bit (ETBI), enable Timer/Event Counter 1 interrupt bit
(ET1I) on the other hand, constitute the Interrupt Control
register 1 (INTC1) which is located at 1EH in the RAM.
EMI, EEI0, EEI1, ET0I, ET1I, ETBI, and ERTI are all
used to control the enable/disable status of interrupts.
These bits prevent the requested interrupt from being
serviced. Once the interrupt request flags (RTF, TBF,
T0F, T1F, EIF1, EIF0) are all set, they remain in the
INTC1 or INTC0 respectively until the interrupts are serviced or cleared by a software instruction.
tion with the crystal or resonator manufacturer¢s specification. The external parallel feedback resistor, Rp,
is normally not required but in some cases may be
needed to assist with oscillation start up.
Internal Ca, Cb, Rf Typical Values @ 5V, 25°C
Ca
Cb
Rf
11~13pF
13~15pF
270kW
Oscillator Internal Component Values HT49R70A-1/HT49C70-1
It is recommended that a program should not use the
²CALL subroutine² within the interrupt subroutine. It¢s because interrupts often occur in an unpredictable manner
or require to be serviced immediately in some applications. During that period, if only one stack is left, and enabling the interrupt is not well controlled, operation of the
²call² in the interrupt subroutine may damage the original control sequence.
Crystal Frequency
Oscillator
Note:
Crystal Oscillator C1 and C2 Values
Various oscillator options offer the user a wide range of
functions according to their various application requirements. Three types of system clocks can be selected
while various clock source options for the Watchdog
Timer are provided for maximum flexibility. All oscillator
options are selected through the configuration options.
C1
C2
CL
8MHz
TBD
TBD
TBD
4MHz
TBD
TBD
TBD
1MHz
TBD
TBD
TBD
1. C1 and C2 values are for guidance only.
2. CL is the crystal manufacturer specified
load capacitor value.
Crystal Recommended Capacitor Values HT49R70A-1/HT49C70-1
Resonator C1 and C2 Values
The three methods of generating the system clock are:
Resonator Frequency
· External crystal/resonator oscillator
· External RC oscillator
· External RTC Oscillator
One of these two methods must be selected using the
configuration options.
C1
C2
3.58MHz
TBD
TBD
1MHz
TBD
TBD
455kHz
TBD
TBD
Note:
C1 and C2 values are for guidance only.
Resonator Recommended Capacitor Values HT49R70A-1/HT49C70-1
More information regarding the oscillator is located in
Application Note HA0075E on the Holtek website.
· External Crystal/Resonator Oscillator
Resonator C1 and C2 Values
The simple connection of a crystal across OSC1 and
OSC2 will create the necessary phase shift and feedback for oscillation, and will normally not require external capacitors. However, for some crystals and most
resonator types, to ensure oscillation and accurate
frequency generation, it may be necessary to add two
small value external capacitors, C1 and C2. The exact
values of C1 and C2 should be selected in consultaC 1
O S C 1
R p
R f
C a
C b
C 2
O S C 2
Resonator Frequency
455kHz
Note:
C1
C2
TBD
TBD
C1 and C2 values are for guidance only.
Resonator Recommended Capacitor Values HT49C70L
In te r n a l
O s c illa to r
C ir c u it
T o in te r n a l
c ir c u its
N o te : 1 . R p is n o r m a lly n o t r e q u ir e d .
2 . A lth o u g h n o t s h o w n O S C 1 /O S C 2 p in s h a v e a p a r a s itic
c a p a c ita n c e o f a r o u n d 7 p F .
Crystal/Resonator Oscillator
Rev. 2.40
14
July 30, 2012
HT49R70A-1/HT49C70-1/HT49C70L
· External RC Oscillator
C 1
Using the external system RC oscillator requires that a
resistor, with a value between 24kW and 1MW for
HT49R70A-1/HT47C70-1 and from 560kW and 1MW
for HT49C70L, is connected between OSC1 and
ground, and a capacitor is connected to VDD. The generated system clock divided by 4 will be provided on
OSC2 as an output which can be used for external synchronization purposes. Note that as the OSC2 output is
an NMOS open-drain type, a pull high resistor should
be connected if it to be used to monitor the internal frequency. Although this is a cost effective oscillator configuration, the oscillation frequency can vary with VDD,
temperature and process variations and is therefore
not suitable for applications where timing is critical or
where accurate oscillator frequencies are required.For
the value of the external resistor ROSC refer to the
Holtek website for typical RC Oscillator vs. Temperature and VDD characteristics graphics. Note that it is
the only microcontroller internal circuitry together with
the external resistor, that determine the frequency of
the oscillator. The external capacitor shown on the diagram does not influence the frequency of oscillation.
V
3 2 7 6 8 H z
Y S
feedback resistor, Rp, is normally not required but in
some cases may be needed to assist with oscillation
start up. Using the slower 32768Hz oscillator as the
system oscillator will of course use less power.
Internal Ca, Cb, Rf Typical Values @ 5V, 25°C
CL
Note:
Rf
TBD
Crystal Frequency
32768Hz
Note:
C1
C2
CL
TBD
TBD
TBD
1. C1 and C2 values are for guidance only.
2. CL is the crystal manufacturer specified
load capacitor value.
32768 Hz Crystal Recommended Capacitor Values
O S C 2
When the system enters the Power Down Mode, the
32768Hz oscillator will keep running and if it is selected as the Timer and Watchdog Timer source clock,
will also keep these functions operational.
During power up there is a time delay associated with
the RTC oscillator, waiting for it to start up. The QOSC
bit in the RTCC register, is provided to give a quick
start-up function and can be used to minimise this delay. During a power up condition, this bit will be cleared
to 0 which will initiate the RTC oscillator quick start-up
function. However, as there is additional power consumption associated with this quick start-up function, to
reduce power consumption after start up takes place, it
is recommended that the application program should
set the QOSC bit high about 2 seconds after power on.
It should be noted that, no matter what condition the
QOSC bit is set to, the RTC oscillator will always function normally, only there is more power consumption
associated with the quick start-up function.
When the microcontroller enters the Power Down
Mode, the system clock is switched off to stop
microcontroller activity and to conserve power. However, in many microcontroller applications it may be
necessary to keep some internal functions such as
timers operational even when the microcontroller is in
the Power Down Mode. To do this, a 32768Hz oscillator, also known as the Real Time Clock or RTC oscillator, is provided. To implement this clock, the OSC3
and OSC4 pins should be connected to a 32768Hz
crystal. However, for some crystals, to ensure oscillation and accurate frequency generation, it may be
necessary to add two small value external capacitors,
C1 and C2. The exact values of C1 and C2 should be
selected in consultation with the crystal or resonator
manufacturer¢s specification. The external parallel
ESR
Cb
TBD
RTC Oscillator C1 and C2 Values
O S C
Parameter
Ca
TBD
RTC Oscillator Internal Component Values
· External RTC Oscillator
fO
T o in te r n a l
c ir c u its
O S C 4
External RTC Oscillator
RC Oscillator
Symbol
C a
N o te : 1 . R p is n o r m a lly n o t r e q u ir e d .
2 . A lth o u g h n o t s h o w n O S C 3 /O S C 4 p in s h a v e a p a r a s itic
c a p a c ita n c e o f a r o u n d 7 p F .
D D
/4 N M O S O p e n D r a in
R f
C b
O S C 1
fS
R p
C 2
4 7 0 p F
R
O S C 3
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Unit
Nominal Frequency
¾
Series Resistance
¾
32.768
¾
kHz
50
65
kW
Load Capacitance
¾
9
¾
pF
1. It is strongly recommended to use a crystal with load capacitance 9pF.
2. The oscillator selection can be optimized using a high quality resonator with small ESR value. Refer to
crystal manufacturer for more details: www.microcrystal.com
Crystal Specifications
Rev. 2.40
15
July 30, 2012
HT49R70A-1/HT49C70-1/HT49C70L
· Watchdog Timer Oscillator
WDT² times selection option. If the ²CLR WDT² is selected (i.e., CLR WDT times equal one), any execution
of the ²CLR WDT² instruction clears the WDT. In the
case that ²CLR WDT1² and ²CLR WDT2² are chosen
(i.e., CLR WDT times equal two), these two instructions
have to be executed to clear the WDT; otherwise, the
WDT may reset the chip due to time-out.
The WDT oscillator is a fully self-contained free running on-chip RC oscillator with a typical period of 65ms
at 5V requiring no external components. When the device enters the Power Down Mode, the system clock
will stop running but the WDT oscillator continues to
free-run and to keep the watchdog active. However, to
preserve power in certain applications the WDT oscillator can be disabled via a configuration option.
Multi-function Timer
Watchdog Timer - WDT
These devices provide a multi-function timer for the
WDT , time base and RTC but with different time-out periods. The multi-function timer consists of an 8-stage divider and a 7-bit prescaler, with the clock source coming
from the WDT OSC or RTC OSC or the instruction clock
(i.e., system clock divided by 4). The multi-function timer
also provides a selectable frequency signal (ranges
from fS/22 to fS/28) for LCD driver circuits, and a
selectable frequency signal (ranging from fS/22 to fS/29)
for the buzzer output by options. It is recommended to
select a nearly 4kHz signal for the LCD driver circuits to
have proper display.
The WDT clock source is implemented by a dedicated
RC oscillator (WDT oscillator) or an instruction clock
(system clock/4) or a real time clock oscillator (RTC oscillator). The timer is designed to prevent a software
malfunction or sequence from jumping to an unknown
location with unpredictable results. The WDT can be
disabled by options. But if the WDT is disabled, all executions related to the WDT lead to no operation.
The WDT time-out period is fS/215~fS/216.
If the WDT clock source chooses the internal WDT oscillator, the time-out period may vary with temperature,
VDD, and process variations. On the other hand, if the
clock source selects the instruction clock and the
²HALT² instruction is executed, WDT may stop counting
and lose its protecting purpose, and the logic can only
be restarted by an external logic.
Time Base
The time base offers a periodic time-out period to generate a regular internal interrupt. Its time-out period
ranges from fS/212 to fS/215 selected by options. If time
base time-out occurs, the related interrupt request flag
(TBF; bit 5 of INTC1) is set. But if the interrupt is enabled, and the stack is not full, a subroutine call to location 14H occurs. The time base time-out signal can also
be applied as a clock source of the Timer/Event Counter
1 so as to get a longer time-out period.
When the device operates in a noisy environment, using
the on-chip RC oscillator (WDT OSC) is strongly recommended, since the HALT can stop the system clock.
The WDT overflow under normal operation initializes a
²chip reset² and sets the status bit ²TO². In the HALT
mode, the overflow initializes a ²warm reset², and only
the program counter and SP are reset to zero. To clear
the contents of the WDT, there are three methods to be
adopted, i.e., external reset (a low level to RES), software instruction, and a ²HALT² instruction. There are
two types of software instructions; ²CLR WDT² and the
other set - ²CLR WDT1² and ²CLR WDT2². Of these
two types of instruction, only one type of instruction can
be active at a time depending on the options - ²CLR
S y s te m
fs
D iv id e r
P r e s c a le r
O p tio n
O p tio n
L C D D r iv e r ( fS /2 2 ~ fS /2 8 )
B u z z e r (fS /2 2~ fS /2 9)
T im e B a s e In te r r u p t
fS /2 12~ fS /2 15
Time Base
C lo c k /4
R T C
O S C 3 2 7 6 8 H z
O p tio n
S e le c t
fS
D iv id e r
D iv id e r
C K
W D T
1 2 k H z
O S C
T
R
C K
T
R
T im e - o u t R e s e t fS /2
1 5
~ fS /2
1 6
W D T C le a r
Watchdog Timer
Rev. 2.40
16
July 30, 2012
HT49R70A-1/HT49C70-1/HT49C70L
Real Time Clock - RTC
The system quits the HALT mode by an external reset,
an interrupt, an external falling edge signal on port A, or
a WDT overflow. An external reset causes device initialization, and the WDT overflow performs a ²warm reset².
After examining the TO and PDF flags, the reason for
chip reset can be determined. The PDF flag is cleared by
system power-up or by executing the ²CLR WDT² instruction, and is set by executing the ²HALT² instruction.
On the other hand, the TO flag is set if WDT time-out occurs, and causes a wake-up that only resets the PC (Program Counter) and SP, and leaves the others at their
original state.
The real time clock (RTC) is operated in the same manner as the time base that is used to supply a regular internal interrupt. Its time-out period ranges from fS/28 to
fS/215 by software programming . Writing data to RT2,
RT1 and RT0 (bit 2, 1, 0 of RTCC;09H) yields various
time-out periods. If the RTC time-out occurs, the related
interrupt request flag (RTF; bit 6 of INTC1) is set. But if
the interrupt is enabled, and the stack is not full, a subroutine call to location 18H occurs. The real time clock
time-out signal also can be applied as a clock source of
the Timer/Event Counter 0 in order to get a longer
time-out period.
RT2
RT1
RT0
RTC Clock Divided Factor
0
0
0
2 8*
0
0
1
2 9*
0
1
0
210*
0
1
1
211*
1
0
0
212
1
0
1
213
1
1
0
214
1
1
1
215
The port A wake-up and interrupt methods can be considered as a continuation of normal execution. Each pin
in port A can be independently selected to wake up the
device by options. Awakening from an I/O port stimulus,
the program resumes execution of the next instruction.
On the other hand, awakening from an interrupt, two sequence may occur. If the related interrupt is disabled or
the interrupt is enabled but the stack is full, the program
resumes execution at the next instruction. But if the interrupt is enabled, and the stack is not full, the regular interrupt response takes place.
When an interrupt request flag is set before entering the
²HALT² status, the system cannot be awakened using
that interrupt.
Note: ²*² not recommended to be used
If wake-up events occur, it takes 1024 tSYS (system
clock period) to resume normal operation. In other
words, a dummy period is inserted after the wake-up. If
the wake-up results from an interrupt acknowledgment,
the actual interrupt subroutine execution is delayed by
more than one cycle. However, if the Wake-up results in
the next instruction execution, the execution will be performed immediately after the dummy period is finished.
Power Down Operation - HALT
The HALT mode is initialized by the ²HALT² instruction
and results in the following.
· The system oscillator turns off but the WDT or RTC
oscillator keeps running (if the WDT oscillator or the
real time clock is selected).
· The contents of the on-chip RAM and of the registers
remain unchanged.
To minimize power consumption, all the I/O pins should
be carefully managed before entering the HALT status.
· The WDT is cleared and start recounting (if the WDT
clock source is from the WDT oscillator or the real time
clock oscillator).
· All I/O ports maintain their original status.
· The PDF flag is set but the TO flag is cleared.
· LCD driver is still running (if the WDT OSC or RTC
OSC is selected).
fS
D iv id e r
P r e s c a le r
R T 2
R T 1
R T 0
8 to 1
M u x .
fS /2 8~ fS /2 15
R T C In te rru p t
Real Time Clock
Rev. 2.40
17
July 30, 2012
HT49R70A-1/HT49C70-1/HT49C70L
Reset
V D D
There are three ways in which reset may occur.
R E S
· RES is reset during normal operation
· RES is reset during HALT
· WDT time-out is reset during normal operation
C h ip
The WDT time-out during HALT differs from other chip
reset conditions, for it can perform a ²warm reset² that
resets only the program counter and SP and leaves the
other circuits at their original state. Some registers remain unaffected during any other reset conditions. Most
registers are reset to the ²initial condition² once the reset conditions are met. Examining the PDF and TO
flags, the program can distinguish between different
²chip resets².
TO
PDF
0
0
RES reset during power-up
u
u
RES reset during normal operation
0
1
RES Wake-up HALT
1
u
WDT time-out during normal operation
1
1
WDT Wake-up HALT
R e s e t
H A L T
W D T
R e s e t
T im e - o u t
R e s e t
E x te rn a l
R E S
O S C 1
W a rm
W D T
C o ld
R e s e t
S S T
1 0 - b it R ip p le
C o u n te r
RESET Conditions
P o w e r - o n D e te c tio n
Reset Configuration
The functional unit chip reset status is shown below.
V
D D
D D
0 .0 1 m F
1 0 0 k W
1 0 0 k W
R E S
0 .1 m F
B a s ic
R e s e t
C ir c u it
R E S
1 0 k W
0 .1 m F
H i-n o is e
R e s e t
C ir c u it
Program Counter
000H
Interrupt
Disabled
Prescaler, Divider
Cleared
WDT, RTC,
Time Base
Cleared. After master reset,
WDT starts counting
Timer/event Counter
Off
Input/output Ports
Input mode
Stack Pointer
Points to the top of the stack
Timer/Event Counter
Two timer/event counters are implemented in the device. One of them contains an 8-bit programmable
count-up counter, the other contains a 16-bit programmable count-up counter.
Reset Circuit
Note: Most applications can use the Basic Reset Circuit
as shown, however for applications with extensive noise,
it is recommended to use the Hi-noise Reset Circuit.
The Timer/Event Counter 0 clock source may come
from the system clock or system clock/4 or RTC time-out
signal or external source. System clock source or system clock/4 is selected by options.
To guarantee that the system oscillator is started and
stabilized, the SST (System Start-up Timer) provides an
extra-delay of 1024 system clock pulses when the system awakes from a HALT state. Awaking from a HALT
state, an SST delay is added.
The Timer/Event Counter 1 clock source may come
from TMR0 overflow or system clock or time base
time-out signal or system clock/4 or external source,
and the three former clock source is selected by options.
Using external clock input allows the user to count exter-
An extra option load time delay is added during reset
and power on.
Rev. 2.40
S T
Reset Timing Chart
Note: ²u² stands for unchanged
V
tS
S S T T im e - o u t
18
July 30, 2012
HT49R70A-1/HT49C70-1/HT49C70L
The register states are summarized below:
Register
Reset (Power On)
WDT Time-out
RES Reset
(Norma Operation) (Normal Operation)
RES Reset
(HALT)
WDT Time-out
(HALT)*
TMR0
xxxx xxxx
xxxx xxxx
xxxx xxxx
xxxx xxxx
uuuu uuuu
TMR0C
0000 1---
0000 1---
0000 1---
0000 1---
uuuu u---
TMR1H
xxxx xxxx
xxxx xxxx
xxxx xxxx
xxxx xxxx
uuuu uuuu
TMR1L
xxxx xxxx
xxxx xxxx
xxxx xxxx
xxxx xxxx
uuuu uuuu
TMR1C
0000 1---
0000 1---
0000 1---
0000 1---
uuuu u---
0000H
0000H
0000H
0000H
0000H
MP0
xxxx xxxx
uuuu uuuu
uuuu uuuu
uuuu uuuu
uuuu uuuu
MP1
xxxx xxxx
uuuu uuuu
uuuu uuuu
uuuu uuuu
uuuu uuuu
Program Counter
BP
---- ---0
---- ---0
---- ---0
---- ---0
---- ---u
ACC
xxxx xxxx
uuuu uuuu
uuuu uuuu
uuuu uuuu
uuuu uuuu
TBLP
xxxx xxxx
uuuu uuuu
uuuu uuuu
uuuu uuuu
uuuu uuuu
TBLH
xxxx xxxx
uuuu uuuu
uuuu uuuu
uuuu uuuu
uuuu uuuu
STATUS
--00 xxxx
--1u uuuu
--uu uuuu
--01 uuuu
--11 uuuu
INTC0
-000 0000
-000 0000
-000 0000
-000 0000
-uuu uuuu
INTC1
-000 -000
-000 -000
-000 -000
-000 -000
-uuu -uuu
RTCC
--00 0111
--00 0111
--00 0111
--00 0111
--uu uuuu
PA
1111 1111
1111 1111
1111 1111
1111 1111
uuuu uuuu
PB
xxxx xxxx
xxxx xxxx
xxxx xxxx
xxxx xxxx
uuuu uuuu
PC
1111 1111
1111 1111
1111 1111
1111 1111
uuuu uuuu
Note:
²*² stands for warm reset
²u² stands for unchanged
²x² stands for unknown
Rev. 2.40
19
July 30, 2012
HT49R70A-1/HT49C70-1/HT49C70L
nal events, measure time internals or pulse widths, or
generate an accurate time base. While using the internal clock allows the user to generate an accurate time
base.
byte buffer, respectively. Reading the TMR1L will read
the contents of the lower-order byte buffer. The TMR1C
is the Timer/Event Counter 1 control register, which defines the operating mode, counting enable or disable
and an active edge.
There are two registers related to the Timer/Event
Counter 0; TMR0 ([0DH]), TMR0C ([0EH]). Two physical registers are mapped to TMR0 location; writing
TMR0 puts the starting value in the Timer/Event Counter 0 register and reading TMR0 takes the contents of
the Timer/Event Counter 0. The TMR0C is a timer/event
counter control register, which defines some options.
The T0M0 and T0M1 (T1M0 and T1M1) bits define the
operation mode. The event count mode is used to count
external events, which means that the clock source is
from an external (TMR0, TMR1) pin. The timer mode
functions as a normal timer with the clock source coming from the internal selected clock source. Finally, the
pulse width measurement mode can be used to count
the high or low level duration of the external signal
(TMR0, TMR1), and the counting is based on the internal selected clock source.
There are three registers related to the Timer/Event
Counter 1; TMR1H (0FH), TMR1L (10H), TMR1C (11H).
Writing TMR1L will only put the written data to an internal lower-order byte buffer (8-bit) and writing TMR1H
will transfer the specified data and the contents of the
lower-order byte buffer to TMR1H and TMR1L registers,
respectively. The Timer/Event Counter 1 preload register is changed by each writing TRM1H operations.
Reading TMR1H will latch the contents of TMR1H and
TMR1L counters to the destination and the lower-order
S y s te m
S y s te m
C lo c k
M
O p tio n
C lo c k /4
f IN
U
In the event count or timer mode, the timer/event counter starts counting at the current contents in the
timer/event counter and ends at FFH (FFFFH). Once an
overflow occurs, the counter is reloaded from the
timer/event counter preload register, and generates an
interrupt request flag (T0F: bit 6 of INTC0; T1F: bit 4 of
INTC1).
T
X
D a ta B u s
R T C O u t
T 0 M 1
T 0 M 0
T 0 S
T M R 0
T im e r /E v e n t C o u n te r 0
P r e lo a d R e g is te r
R e lo a d
T 0 E
P u ls e W id th
M e a s u re m e n t
M o d e C o n tro l
T 0 M 1
T 0 M 0
T 0 O N
T im e r /E v e n t
C c o u n te r 0
O v e r flo w
to In te rru p t
P F D 0
Timer/Event Counter 0
T M R 0 O v e r flo w
S y s te m
C lo c k
O p tio n
S e le c t
M
X
T im e B a s e O u t
S y s te m
D a ta B u s
U
L o w B y te
B u ffe r
C lo c k /4
T 1 M 1
T 1 M 0
T 1 S
T M R 1
1 6 - B it
P r e lo a d R e g is te r
T 1 E
T 1 M 1
T 1 M 0
T 1 O N
P u ls e W id th
M e a s u re m e n t
M o d e C o n tro l
H ig h B y te
L o w
R e lo a d
O v e r flo w
B y te
to In te rru p t
1 6 - B it T im e r /E v e n t C o u n te r
P F D 1
Timer/Event Counter 1
P F D 0
P F D 1
M
U
X
1 /2
P F D
P A 3 D a ta C T R L
P F D
S o u r c e O p tio n
PFD Source Option
Rev. 2.40
20
July 30, 2012
HT49R70A-1/HT49C70-1/HT49C70L
In the pulse width measurement mode with the values of
the T0ON/T1ON and T0E/T1E bits equal to 1, after the
TMR0 (TMR1) has received a transient from low to high
(or high to low if the T0E/T1E bit is ²0²), it will start counting
until the TMR0 (TMR1) returns to the original level and resets the T0ON/T1ON. The measured result remains in the
timer/event counter even if the activated transient occurs
again. In other words, only 1-cycle measurement can be
made until the T0ON/T1ON is set. The cycle measurement will re-function as long as it receives further transient
pulse. In this operation mode, the timer/event counter begins counting not according to the logic level but to the
transient edges. In the case of counter overflows, the
counter is reloaded from the timer/event counter register
and issues an interrupt request, as in the other two modes,
i.e., event and timer modes.
Bit No.
Label
0~2
¾
3
T0E
4
T0ON
5
T0S
6
7
T0M0
T0M1
To enable the counting operation, the Timer ON bit
(T0ON: bit 4 of TMR0C; T1ON: bit 4 of TMR1C) should
be set to 1. In the pulse width measurement mode, the
T0ON/T1ON is automatically cleared after the measurement cycle is completed. But in the other two modes, the
T0ON/T1ON can only be reset by instructions. The
overflow of the Timer/Event Counter 0/1 is one of the
wake-up sources and can also be applied to a PFD (Programmable Frequency Divider) output at PA3 by options. Only one PFD (PFD0 or PFD1) can be applied to
PA3 by options. If PA3 is set as PFD output, there are
two types of selections; One is PFD0 as the PFD output,
the other is PFD1 as the PFD output. PFD0, PFD1 are
the timer overflow signals of the Timer/Event Counter 0,
Timer/Event Counter 1 respectively. No matter what the
operation mode is, writing a 0 to ET0I or ET1I disables
Function
Unused bit, read as ²0²
Defines the TMR0 active edge of the timer/event counter:
In Event Counter Mode (T0M1,T0M0)=(0,1):
1:count on falling edge;
0:count on rising edge
In Pulse Width measurement mode (T0M1,T0M0)=(1,1):
1: start counting on the rising edge, stop on the falling edge;
0: start counting on the falling edge, stop on the rising edge
Enable/disable timer counting
(0=disabled; 1=enabled)
2 to 1 multiplexer control inputs which selects the timer/event counter clock source (0=RTC
outputs; 1= system clock or system clock/4)
Defines the operating mode (T0M1, T0M0)
01= Event count mode (External clock)
10= Timer mode (Internal clock)
11= Pulse Width measurement mode (External clock)
00= Unused
TMR0C (0EH) Register
Bit No.
Label
0~2
¾
3
T1E
4
T1ON
5
T1S
6
7
T1M0
T1M1
Function
Unused bit, read as ²0²
Defines the TMR1 active edge of the timer/event counter:
In Event Counter Mode (T1M1,T1M0)=(0,1):
1:count on falling edge;
0:count on rising edge
In Pulse Width measurement mode (T1M1,T1M0)=(1,1):
1: start counting on the rising edge, stop on the falling edge;
0: start counting on the falling edge, stop on the rising edge
Enable/disable timer counting
(0= disabled; 1= enabled)
2 to 1 multiplexer control inputs to select the timer/event counter clock source
(0= option clock source; 1= system clock/4)
Defines the operating mode (T1M1, T1M0)
01= Event count mode (External clock)
10= Timer mode (Internal clock)
11= Pulse Width measurement mode (External clock)
00= Unused
TMR1C (11H) Register
Rev. 2.40
21
July 30, 2012
HT49R70A-1/HT49C70-1/HT49C70L
Input/Output Ports
the related interrupt service. When the PFD function is
selected, executing ²CLR [PA].3² instruction to enable
PFD output and executing ²SET [PA].3² instruction to
disable PFD output.
There are two 8-bit bidirectional input/output ports, PA
and PC and one 8-bit input port PB. PA, PB and PC are
mapped to [12H], [14H] and [16H] of the RAM, respectively. PA0~PA3 can be configured as CMOS (output) or
NMOS (input/output) with or without pull-high resistor by
options. PA4~PA7 are always pull-high and NMOS (input/output). If NMOS (input) is chosen, Each pin on the
port (PA0~PA7) can be configured as a wake-up input.
PB can only be used for input operation. PC can be configured as CMOS output or NMOS input/output with or
without pull-high resistor by options. All the ports for the
input operation (PA, PB and PC), are non-latched, that
is, the inputs should be ready at the T2 rising edge of the
instruction ²MOV A, [m]² (m=12H, 14H or 16H). For PA,
PC output operation, all data are latched and remain unchanged until the output latch is rewritten.
In the case of timer/event counter OFF condition, writing
data to the timer/event counter preload register also reloads that data to the timer/event counter. But if the
timer/event counter is turn on, data written to the
timer/event counter is kept only in the timer/event counter preload register. The timer/event counter still continues its operation until an overflow occurs.
When the timer/event counter (reading TMR0/TMR1) is
read, the clock is blocked to avoid errors, as this may results in a counting error. Blocking of the clock should be
taken into account by the programmer.
It is strongly recommended to load a desired value into
the TMR0/TMR1 register first, before turning on the related timer/event counter, for proper operation since the
initial value of TMR0/TMR1 is unknown.
When the PA and PC structures are open drain NMOS
type, it should be noted that, before reading data from
the pads, a ²1² should be written to the related bits to
disable the NMOS device. That is, executing first the instruction ²SET [m].i² (i=0~7 for PA) to disable related
NMOS device, and then ²MOV A, [m]² to get stable data.
Due to the timer/event scheme, the programmer should
pay special attention on the instruction to enable then
disable the timer for the first time, whenever there is a
need to use the timer/event function, to avoid unpredictable result. After this procedure, the timer/event function
can be operated normally. An example is given, using
one 8-bit and one 16-bit width Timer (timer 0; timer 1)
cascaded into 24-bit width.
After chip reset, these input lines remain at the high level
or are left floating (by options). Each pin of these output
latches can be set or cleared by the ²MOV [m], A²
(m=12H or 16H) instruction.
Some instructions first input data and then follow the
output operations. For example, ²SET [m].i², ²CLR
[m].i², ²CPL [m]², ²CPLA [m]² read the entire port states
into the CPU, execute the defined operations
(bit-operation), and then write the results back to the
latches or to the accumulator. When a PA or PC line is
used as an I/O line, the related PA or PC line options
should be configured as NMOS with or without pull-high
resistor. Once a PA or PC line is selected as a CMOS
output, the I/O function cannot be used.
START:
mov
mov
a, 09h ; Set ET0I & EMI bits to
intc0, a ; enable timer 0 and
; global interrupt
mov a, 01h ; Set ET1I bit to enable
mov intc1, a ; timer 1 interrupt
mov a, 80h ; Set operating mode as
mov tmr1c, a ; timer mode and select mask
; option clock source
The input state of a PA or PC line is read from the related
PA or PC pad. When the PA or PC is configured as
NMOS with or without pull-high resistor, one should be
careful when applying a read-modify-write instruction to
PA or PC. Since the read-modify-write will read the entire port state (pads state) first, execute the specified instruction and then write the result to the port data
register. When the read operation is executed, a fault
pad state (caused by the load effect or floating state)
may be read. Errors will then occur.
mov a, 0a0h ; Set operating mode as timer
mov tmr0c, a ; mode and select system
; clock/4
set
clr
tmr1c.4 ; Enable then disable timer 1
tmr1c.4 ; for the first time
mov
mov
mov
mov
mov
a, 00h
tmr0, a
a, 00h
tmr1l, a
tmr1h, a
set tmr0c.4
set tmr1c.4
; Load a desired value into
; the TMR0/TMR1 register
;
;
;
There are three function pins that share with the PA port:
PA0/BZ, PA1/BZ and PA3/PFD.
; Normal operating
;
END
Rev. 2.40
22
July 30, 2012
HT49R70A-1/HT49C70-1/HT49C70L
V
V
D
D a ta B u s
Q
C K
W r ite
C /N
O
(P
P
D D
D D
W e a k
P u ll- u p
M O S
p tio n
A 0 ~ P A 3 ,
C )
O p tio n
(P A 0 ~ P A 3 , P C )
Q
S
V
P A 0 ~ P A 7
P C 0 ~ P C 7
D D
W e a k
P u ll- u p
C h ip R e s e t
D a ta b u s
P B 0 ~ P B 7
R e a d I/O
R e a
S y
W a k
(P A
d I/O
s te m
e -u p
o n ly )
O p tio n
PA, PC Input/Output Ports
PB input Port
LCD Display Memory
The BZ and BZ are buzzer driving output pair and the
PFD is a programmable frequency divider output. If the
user wants to use the BZ/BZ or PFD function, the related
PA port should be set as a CMOS output. The buzzer
output signals are controlled by PA0 and PA1 data registers as defined in the following table.
PA1 Data
Register
PA0 Data
Register
0
0
PA0=BZ, PA1=BZ
1
0
PA0=BZ, PA1=0
X
1
PA0=0, PA1=0
The device provides an area of embedded data memory
for LCD display. This area is located from 40H to 68H of
the RAM at Bank 1. Bank pointer (BP; located at 04H of
the RAM) is the switch between the RAM and the LCD
display memory. When the BP is set as ²01H², any data
written into 40H~68H will affect the LCD display. When
the BP is cleared to ²00H², any data written into
40H~68H is meant to access the general purpose data
memory. The LCD display memory can be read and written to only by indirect addressing mode using MP1.
PA0/PA1 Pad State
When data is written into the display data area, it is automatically read by the LCD driver which then generates
the corresponding LCD driving signals. To turn the display on or off, a ²1² or a ²0² is written to the corresponding bit of the display memory, respectively. The figure
illustrates the mapping between the display memory
and LCD pattern for the device.
Note: ²X² stands for unused
The PFD output signal function is controlled by the PA3
data register and the timer/event counter state. The
PFD output signal frequency is also dependent on the
timer/event counter overflow period. The definitions of
PFD control signal and PFD output frequency are listed
in the following table.
C O M
X
0
U
X
1
0
X
ON
N
0
PFD
fINT/
[2´(256-N)]
ON
N
1
0
X
Note:
4 2 H
4 3 H
6 6 H
6 7 H
6 8 H
B it
0
1
1
2
2
3
3
X
OFF
4 1 H
0
Timer
PA3 Data PA3 Pad
PFD
Timer Preload
Register
State
Frequency
Value
OFF
4 0 H
S E G M E N T
0
1
2
3
3 8
3 9
4 0
Display Memory
²X² stands for unused
²U² stands for unknown
²256² is for TMR0. If TMR1 is used to generate
PFD, the number should be ²65536².
Rev. 2.40
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July 30, 2012
HT49R70A-1/HT49C70-1/HT49C70L
LCD Driver Output
LCD bias power supply selection for HT49R70A-1/
HT49C70-1: There are two types of selections: 1/2 bias
or 1/3 bias.
The output number of the LCD driver device can be
41´2, 41´3 or 40´4 by option (i.e., 1/2 duty, 1/3 duty or
1/4 duty). The bias type LCD driver can be ²R² type or
²C² type for HT49R70A-1/HT49C70-1 while the bias
type LCD driver can only be ²C² type for HT49C70L. If
the ²R² bias type is selected, no external capacitor is required. If the ²C² bias type is selected, a capacitor
mounted between C1 and C2 pins is needed. The LCD
driver bias voltage for HT49R70A-1/HT49C70-1 can be
1/2 bias or 1/3 bias by option, while the LCD driver bias
voltage for HT49C70L can only be 1/2 bias. If 1/2 bias is
selected, a capacitor mounted between V2 pin and
ground is required. If 1/3 bias is selected, two capacitors
are needed for V1 and V2 pins.
LCD bias type selection for HT49R70A-1/HT49C70-1:
This option is to determine what kind of bias is selected,
R type or C type.
Low Voltage Reset/Detector Functions
There is a low voltage detector (LVD) and a low voltage
reset circuit (LVR) implemented in the microcontroller.
These two functions can be enabled/disabled by options. Once the options of LVD is enabled, the user can
use the RTCC.3 to enable/disable (1/0) the LVD circuit
and read the LVD detector status (0/1) from RTCC.5;
otherwise, the LVD function is disabled.
D u r in g a r e s e t p u ls e
V A
C O M 0 ,C O M 1 ,C O M 2
V B
V S S
V A
V B
V S S
A ll L C D d r iv e r o u tp u ts
N o r m a l o p e r a tio n m o d e
*
*
*
C O M 0
C O M 1
C O M 2 *
L C D s e g m e n ts O N
C O M 0 ,1 ,2 s id e s a r e u n lig h te d
O n ly L C D s e g m e n ts O N
C O M 0 s id e a r e lig h te d
O n ly L C D s e g m e n ts O N
C O M 1 s id e a r e lig h te d
O n ly L C D s e g m e n ts O N
C O M 2 s id e a r e lig h te d
L C D s e g m e n ts O N
C O M 0 ,1 s id e s a r e lig h te d
L C D s e g m e n ts O N
C O M 0 , 2 s id e s a r e lig h te d
L C D s e g m e n ts O N
C O M 1 ,2 s id e s a r e lig h te d
L C D s e g m e n ts O N
C O M 0 ,1 ,2 s id e s a r e lig h te d
H A L T M o d e
A ll L C D d r iv e r o u tp u ts
Rev. 2.40
V B
V S
V A
V B
V S
V A
V B
V S
V A
V B
V S
V A
V B
V S
V A
V B
V S
V A
V B
V S
V A
V B
V S
V A
V B
V S
V A
V B
V S
V A
V B
V S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
V A
V B
V S S
V A
V B
V S S
C O M 0 ,C O M 1 ,C O M 2 *
N o te :
V A
" * " O m it th e C O M 2 s ig n a l, if th e 1 /2 d u ty L C D is u s e d .
V A = V L C D , V B = 1 /2 V L C D fo r H T 4 9 R 7 0 A -1 /H T 4 9 C 7 0 -1
V A = 2 V 2 , V B = V 2 , C ty p e fo r H T 4 9 C 7 0 L
LCD Driver Output (1/3 Duty, 1/2 Bias, R/C Type)
24
July 30, 2012
HT49R70A-1/HT49C70-1/HT49C70L
V A
V B
V C
C O M 0
V S S
V A
V B
V C
C O M 1
V S S
V A
V B
V C
C O M 2
V S S
V A
V B
C O M 3
V C
V S S
V A
V B
V C
L C D s e g m e n ts O N
C O M 2 s id e lig h te d
V S S
N o te : 1 /4 d u ty , 1 /3 b ia s , C
ty p e : " V A " 3 /2 V L C D , " V B " V L C D , " V C " 1 /2 V L C D
1 /4 d u ty , 1 /3 b ia s , R
ty p e : "V A " V L C D , "V B " 2 /3 V L C D , "V C " 1 /3 V L C D
1 /3 b ia s o n ly fo r H T 4 9 R 7 0 A - 1 /H T 4 9 C 7 0 - 1
LCD Driver Output
The LVR has the same effect or function with the external RES signal which performs chip reset. During HALT state,
LVR is disabled.
The RTCC register definitions are listed in the table on the next page.
Bit No.
Label
Read/Write Reset
Function
0~2
RT0~RT2
R/W
111B
3
LVDC*
R/W
0
LVD enable/disable (1/0)
4
QOSC
R/W
0
32768Hz OSC quick start-up oscillation
0/1: quickly/slowly start
5
LVDO*
R
0
LVD detection output (1/0)
1: low voltage detected
6, 7
¾
¾
¾
Unused bit, read as ²0²
8 to 1 multiplexer control inputs to select the real clock prescaler output
Note: ²*² For HT49R70A-1/HT49C70-1
RTCC (09H) Register
Rev. 2.40
25
July 30, 2012
HT49R70A-1/HT49C70-1/HT49C70L
Options
The following shows the options in the device. All these options should be defined in order to ensure proper functioning
system.
Options
OSC type selection.
This option is to determine whether an RC or crystal or 32768Hz crystal oscillator is chosen as system clock.
WDT Clock source selection.
RTC and Time Base. There are three types of selections: system clock/4 or RTC OSC or WDT OSC.
WDT enable/disable selection.
WDT can be enabled or disabled by options.
CLR WDT times selection.
This option defines the method to clear the WDT by instruction. ²One time² means that the ²CLR WDT² can clear the
WDT. ²Two times² means that if both of the ²CLR WDT1² and ²CLR WDT2² have been executed, only then will the
WDT be cleared.
Time Base time-out period selection.
The Time Base time-out period ranges from clock/212 to clock/215 ²Clock² means the clock source selected by options.
Buzzer output frequency selection.
There are eight types of frequency signals for buzzer output: Clock/22~Clock/29. ²Clock² means the clock source selected by options.
Wake-up selection.
This option defines the wake-up capability. External I/O pins (PA only) all have the capability to wake-up the chip
from a HALT by a falling edge.
Pull-high selection.
This option is to decide whether the pull-high resistance is visible or not on the PA0~PA3 and PC. (PB and PA4~PA7
are always pull-high)
PA0~PA3 and PC0~PC7 CMOS or NMOS selection.
The structure of PA0~PA3 and PC0~PC7 can be selected as CMOS or NMOS individually. When the CMOS is selected, the related pins only can be used for output operations. When the NMOS is selected, the related pins can be
used for input or output operations. (PA4~PA7 are always NMOS)
Clock source selection of Timer/Event Counter 0. There are two types of selections: system clock or system clock/4.
Clock source selection of Timer/Event Counter 1. There are three types of selections: TMR0 overflow, system clock
or Time Base overflow.
I/O pins share with other function selections.
PA0/BZ, PA1/BZ: PA0 and PA1 can be set as I/O pins or buzzer outputs.
PA3/PFD: PA3 can be set as I/O pins or PFD output.
LCD common selection.
There are three types of selections: 2 common (1/2 duty) or 3 common (1/3 duty) or 4 common (1/4 duty). If the 4
common is selected, the segment output pin ²SEG40² will be set as a common output.
LCD bias power supply selection
There are two types of selections: 1/2 bias or 1/3 bias for HT49R70A-1/HT49C70-1.
LCD bias type selection
This option is to determine what kind of bias is selected, R type or C type for HT49R70A-1/HT49C70-1.
LCD driver clock selection. There are seven types of frequency signals for the LCD driver circuits: fS/22~fS/28. ²fS²
stands for the clock source selection by options.
LCD ON/OFF at HALT selection
LVR selection.
LVR has enable or disable options
LVD selection.
LVD has enable or disable options
PFD selection
If PA3 is set as PFD output, there are two types of selections; One is PFD0 as the PFD output, the other is PFD1 as
the PFD output. PFD0, PFD1 are the timer overflow signals of the Timer/Event Counter 0, Timer/Event Counter 1 respectively.
Rev. 2.40
26
July 30, 2012
HT49R70A-1/HT49C70-1/HT49C70L
Application Circuits
For HT49R70A-1/HT49C70-1 Application Circuit
V
D D
C O M 0 ~ C O M 3
S E G 0 ~ S E G 3 9
V D D
R e s e t
C ir c u it
1 0 0 k W
0 .1 m F
V L C D
L C D
P A N E L
L C D
P o w e r S u p p ly
C 1
R E S
0 .1 m F
C 2
0 .1 m F
V 1
V S S
0 .1 m F
V 2
0 .1 m F
O S C
C ir c u it
O S C 1
O S C 2
P A 0 ~ P A 7
S e e O s c illa to r
S e c tio n
P B 0 ~ P B 7
P C 0 ~ P C 7
O S C
C ir c u it
O S C 3
IN T 0
O S C 4
IN T 1
T M R 0
S e e O s c illa to r
S e c tio n
T M R 1
H T 4 9 R 7 0 A -1 /H T 4 9 C 7 0 -1
Rev. 2.40
27
July 30, 2012
HT49R70A-1/HT49C70-1/HT49C70L
For HT49C70L Application Circuit
V
D D
C O M 0 ~ C O M 3
S E G 0 ~ S E G 3 9
L C D
P A N E L
1 0 0 k W
V L C D
R E S
0 .1 m F
0 .1 m F
C 1
IN T 0
IN T 1
T M R 0
0 .1 m F
C 2
T M R 1
O S C
C ir c u it
V 1
0 .1 m F
O S C 1
O S C 2
V 2
S e e O s c illa to r
S e c tio n
O S C
C ir c u it
V
D D
P A 0 ~ P A 7
O S C 3
P B 0 ~ P B 7
O S C 4
P C 0 ~ P C 7
S e e O s c illa to r
S e c tio n
H T 4 9 C 7 0 L
Rev. 2.40
28
July 30, 2012
HT49R70A-1/HT49C70-1/HT49C70L
Instruction Set
subtract instruction mnemonics to enable the necessary
arithmetic to be carried out. Care must be taken to ensure correct handling of carry and borrow data when results exceed 255 for addition and less than 0 for
subtraction. The increment and decrement instructions
INC, INCA, DEC and DECA provide a simple means of
increasing or decreasing by a value of one of the values
in the destination specified.
Introduction
C e n t ra l t o t he s uc c es s f ul oper a t i on o f a n y
microcontroller is its instruction set, which is a set of program instruction codes that directs the microcontroller to
perform certain operations. In the case of Holtek
microcontrollers, a comprehensive and flexible set of
over 60 instructions is provided to enable programmers
to implement their application with the minimum of programming overheads.
Logical and Rotate Operations
For easier understanding of the various instruction
codes, they have been subdivided into several functional groupings.
The standard logical operations such as AND, OR, XOR
and CPL all have their own instruction within the Holtek
microcontroller instruction set. As with the case of most
instructions involving data manipulation, data must pass
through the Accumulator which may involve additional
programming steps. In all logical data operations, the
zero flag may be set if the result of the operation is zero.
Another form of logical data manipulation comes from
the rotate instructions such as RR, RL, RRC and RLC
which provide a simple means of rotating one bit right or
left. Different rotate instructions exist depending on program requirements. Rotate instructions are useful for
serial port programming applications where data can be
rotated from an internal register into the Carry bit from
where it can be examined and the necessary serial bit
set high or low. Another application where rotate data
operations are used is to implement multiplication and
division calculations.
Instruction Timing
Most instructions are implemented within one instruction cycle. The exceptions to this are branch, call, or table read instructions where two instruction cycles are
required. One instruction cycle is equal to 4 system
clock cycles, therefore in the case of an 8MHz system
oscillator, most instructions would be implemented
within 0.5ms and branch or call instructions would be implemented within 1ms. Although instructions which require one more cycle to implement are generally limited
to the JMP, CALL, RET, RETI and table read instructions, it is important to realize that any other instructions
which involve manipulation of the Program Counter Low
register or PCL will also take one more cycle to implement. As instructions which change the contents of the
PCL will imply a direct jump to that new address, one
more cycle will be required. Examples of such instructions would be ²CLR PCL² or ²MOV PCL, A². For the
case of skip instructions, it must be noted that if the result of the comparison involves a skip operation then
this will also take one more cycle, if no skip is involved
then only one cycle is required.
Branches and Control Transfer
Program branching takes the form of either jumps to
specified locations using the JMP instruction or to a subroutine using the CALL instruction. They differ in the
sense that in the case of a subroutine call, the program
must return to the instruction immediately when the subroutine has been carried out. This is done by placing a
return instruction RET in the subroutine which will cause
the program to jump back to the address right after the
CALL instruction. In the case of a JMP instruction, the
program simply jumps to the desired location. There is
no requirement to jump back to the original jumping off
point as in the case of the CALL instruction. One special
and extremely useful set of branch instructions are the
conditional branches. Here a decision is first made regarding the condition of a certain data memory or individual bits. Depending upon the conditions, the program
will continue with the next instruction or skip over it and
jump to the following instruction. These instructions are
the key to decision making and branching within the program perhaps determined by the condition of certain input switches or by the condition of internal data bits.
Moving and Transferring Data
The transfer of data within the microcontroller program
is one of the most frequently used operations. Making
use of three kinds of MOV instructions, data can be
transferred from registers to the Accumulator and
vice-versa as well as being able to move specific immediate data directly into the Accumulator. One of the most
important data transfer applications is to receive data
from the input ports and transfer data to the output ports.
Arithmetic Operations
The ability to perform certain arithmetic operations and
data manipulation is a necessary feature of most
microcontroller applications. Within the Holtek
microcontroller instruction set are a range of add and
Rev. 2.40
29
July 30, 2012
HT49R70A-1/HT49C70-1/HT49C70L
Bit Operations
Other Operations
The ability to provide single bit operations on Data Memory is an extremely flexible feature of all Holtek
microcontrollers. This feature is especially useful for
output port bit programming where individual bits or port
pins can be directly set high or low using either the ²SET
[m].i² or ²CLR [m].i² instructions respectively. The feature removes the need for programmers to first read the
8-bit output port, manipulate the input data to ensure
that other bits are not changed and then output the port
with the correct new data. This read-modify-write process is taken care of automatically when these bit operation instructions are used.
In addition to the above functional instructions, a range
of other instructions also exist such as the ²HALT² instruction for Power-down operations and instructions to
control the operation of the Watchdog Timer for reliable
program operations under extreme electric or electromagnetic environments. For their relevant operations,
refer to the functional related sections.
Instruction Set Summary
The following table depicts a summary of the instruction
set categorised according to function and can be consulted as a basic instruction reference using the following listed conventions.
Table Read Operations
Table conventions:
Data storage is normally implemented by using registers. However, when working with large amounts of
fixed data, the volume involved often makes it inconvenient to store the fixed data in the Data Memory. To overcome this problem, Holtek microcontrollers allow an
area of Program Memory to be setup as a table where
data can be directly stored. A set of easy to use instructions provides the means by which this fixed data can be
referenced and retrieved from the Program Memory.
Mnemonic
x: Bits immediate data
m: Data Memory address
A: Accumulator
i: 0~7 number of bits
addr: Program memory address
Description
Cycles
Flag Affected
1
1Note
1
1
1Note
1
1
1Note
1
1Note
1Note
Z, C, AC, OV
Z, C, AC, OV
Z, C, AC, OV
Z, C, AC, OV
Z, C, AC, OV
Z, C, AC, OV
Z, C, AC, OV
Z, C, AC, OV
Z, C, AC, OV
Z, C, AC, OV
C
1
1
1
1Note
1Note
1Note
1
1
1
1Note
1
Z
Z
Z
Z
Z
Z
Z
Z
Z
Z
Z
1
1Note
1
1Note
Z
Z
Z
Z
Arithmetic
ADD A,[m]
ADDM A,[m]
ADD A,x
ADC A,[m]
ADCM A,[m]
SUB A,x
SUB A,[m]
SUBM A,[m]
SBC A,[m]
SBCM A,[m]
DAA [m]
Add Data Memory to ACC
Add ACC to Data Memory
Add immediate data to ACC
Add Data Memory to ACC with Carry
Add ACC to Data memory with Carry
Subtract immediate data from the ACC
Subtract Data Memory from ACC
Subtract Data Memory from ACC with result in Data Memory
Subtract Data Memory from ACC with Carry
Subtract Data Memory from ACC with Carry, result in Data Memory
Decimal adjust ACC for Addition with result in Data Memory
Logic Operation
AND A,[m]
OR A,[m]
XOR A,[m]
ANDM A,[m]
ORM A,[m]
XORM A,[m]
AND A,x
OR A,x
XOR A,x
CPL [m]
CPLA [m]
Logical AND Data Memory to ACC
Logical OR Data Memory to ACC
Logical XOR Data Memory to ACC
Logical AND ACC to Data Memory
Logical OR ACC to Data Memory
Logical XOR ACC to Data Memory
Logical AND immediate Data to ACC
Logical OR immediate Data to ACC
Logical XOR immediate Data to ACC
Complement Data Memory
Complement Data Memory with result in ACC
Increment & Decrement
INCA [m]
INC [m]
DECA [m]
DEC [m]
Rev. 2.40
Increment Data Memory with result in ACC
Increment Data Memory
Decrement Data Memory with result in ACC
Decrement Data Memory
30
July 30, 2012
HT49R70A-1/HT49C70-1/HT49C70L
Mnemonic
Description
Cycles
Flag Affected
Rotate Data Memory right with result in ACC
Rotate Data Memory right
Rotate Data Memory right through Carry with result in ACC
Rotate Data Memory right through Carry
Rotate Data Memory left with result in ACC
Rotate Data Memory left
Rotate Data Memory left through Carry with result in ACC
Rotate Data Memory left through Carry
1
1Note
1
1Note
1
1Note
1
1Note
None
None
C
C
None
None
C
C
Move Data Memory to ACC
Move ACC to Data Memory
Move immediate data to ACC
1
1Note
1
None
None
None
Clear bit of Data Memory
Set bit of Data Memory
1Note
1Note
None
None
Jump unconditionally
Skip if Data Memory is zero
Skip if Data Memory is zero with data movement to ACC
Skip if bit i of Data Memory is zero
Skip if bit i of Data Memory is not zero
Skip if increment Data Memory is zero
Skip if decrement Data Memory is zero
Skip if increment Data Memory is zero with result in ACC
Skip if decrement Data Memory is zero with result in ACC
Subroutine call
Return from subroutine
Return from subroutine and load immediate data to ACC
Return from interrupt
2
1Note
1note
1Note
1Note
1Note
1Note
1Note
1Note
2
2
2
2
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
Read table (current page) to TBLH and Data Memory
Read table (last page) to TBLH and Data Memory
2Note
2Note
None
None
No operation
Clear Data Memory
Set Data Memory
Clear Watchdog Timer
Pre-clear Watchdog Timer
Pre-clear Watchdog Timer
Swap nibbles of Data Memory
Swap nibbles of Data Memory with result in ACC
Enter power down mode
1
1Note
1Note
1
1
1
1Note
1
1
None
None
None
TO, PDF
TO, PDF
TO, PDF
None
None
TO, PDF
Rotate
RRA [m]
RR [m]
RRCA [m]
RRC [m]
RLA [m]
RL [m]
RLCA [m]
RLC [m]
Data Move
MOV A,[m]
MOV [m],A
MOV A,x
Bit Operation
CLR [m].i
SET [m].i
Branch
JMP addr
SZ [m]
SZA [m]
SZ [m].i
SNZ [m].i
SIZ [m]
SDZ [m]
SIZA [m]
SDZA [m]
CALL addr
RET
RET A,x
RETI
Table Read
TABRDC [m]
TABRDL [m]
Miscellaneous
NOP
CLR [m]
SET [m]
CLR WDT
CLR WDT1
CLR WDT2
SWAP [m]
SWAPA [m]
HALT
Note:
1. For skip instructions, if the result of the comparison involves a skip then two cycles are required,
if no skip takes place only one cycle is required.
2. Any instruction which changes the contents of the PCL will also require 2 cycles for execution.
3. For the ²CLR WDT1² and ²CLR WDT2² instructions the TO and PDF flags may be affected by
the execution status. The TO and PDF flags are cleared after both ²CLR WDT1² and
²CLR WDT2² instructions are consecutively executed. Otherwise the TO and PDF flags
remain unchanged.
Rev. 2.40
31
July 30, 2012
HT49R70A-1/HT49C70-1/HT49C70L
Instruction Definition
ADC A,[m]
Add Data Memory to ACC with Carry
Description
The contents of the specified Data Memory, Accumulator and the carry flag are added. The
result is stored in the Accumulator.
Operation
ACC ¬ ACC + [m] + C
Affected flag(s)
OV, Z, AC, C
ADCM A,[m]
Add ACC to Data Memory with Carry
Description
The contents of the specified Data Memory, Accumulator and the carry flag are added. The
result is stored in the specified Data Memory.
Operation
[m] ¬ ACC + [m] + C
Affected flag(s)
OV, Z, AC, C
ADD A,[m]
Add Data Memory to ACC
Description
The contents of the specified Data Memory and the Accumulator are added. The result is
stored in the Accumulator.
Operation
ACC ¬ ACC + [m]
Affected flag(s)
OV, Z, AC, C
ADD A,x
Add immediate data to ACC
Description
The contents of the Accumulator and the specified immediate data are added. The result is
stored in the Accumulator.
Operation
ACC ¬ ACC + x
Affected flag(s)
OV, Z, AC, C
ADDM A,[m]
Add ACC to Data Memory
Description
The contents of the specified Data Memory and the Accumulator are added. The result is
stored in the specified Data Memory.
Operation
[m] ¬ ACC + [m]
Affected flag(s)
OV, Z, AC, C
AND A,[m]
Logical AND Data Memory to ACC
Description
Data in the Accumulator and the specified Data Memory perform a bitwise logical AND operation. The result is stored in the Accumulator.
Operation
ACC ¬ ACC ²AND² [m]
Affected flag(s)
Z
AND A,x
Logical AND immediate data to ACC
Description
Data in the Accumulator and the specified immediate data perform a bitwise logical AND
operation. The result is stored in the Accumulator.
Operation
ACC ¬ ACC ²AND² x
Affected flag(s)
Z
ANDM A,[m]
Logical AND ACC to Data Memory
Description
Data in the specified Data Memory and the Accumulator perform a bitwise logical AND operation. The result is stored in the Data Memory.
Operation
[m] ¬ ACC ²AND² [m]
Affected flag(s)
Z
Rev. 2.40
32
July 30, 2012
HT49R70A-1/HT49C70-1/HT49C70L
CALL addr
Subroutine call
Description
Unconditionally calls a subroutine at the specified address. The Program Counter then increments by 1 to obtain the address of the next instruction which is then pushed onto the
stack. The specified address is then loaded and the program continues execution from this
new address. As this instruction requires an additional operation, it is a two cycle instruction.
Operation
Stack ¬ Program Counter + 1
Program Counter ¬ addr
Affected flag(s)
None
CLR [m]
Clear Data Memory
Description
Each bit of the specified Data Memory is cleared to 0.
Operation
[m] ¬ 00H
Affected flag(s)
None
CLR [m].i
Clear bit of Data Memory
Description
Bit i of the specified Data Memory is cleared to 0.
Operation
[m].i ¬ 0
Affected flag(s)
None
CLR WDT
Clear Watchdog Timer
Description
The TO, PDF flags and the WDT are all cleared.
Operation
WDT cleared
TO ¬ 0
PDF ¬ 0
Affected flag(s)
TO, PDF
CLR WDT1
Pre-clear Watchdog Timer
Description
The TO, PDF flags and the WDT are all cleared. Note that this instruction works in conjunction with CLR WDT2 and must be executed alternately with CLR WDT2 to have effect. Repetitively executing this instruction without alternately executing CLR WDT2 will have no
effect.
Operation
WDT cleared
TO ¬ 0
PDF ¬ 0
Affected flag(s)
TO, PDF
CLR WDT2
Pre-clear Watchdog Timer
Description
The TO, PDF flags and the WDT are all cleared. Note that this instruction works in conjunction with CLR WDT1 and must be executed alternately with CLR WDT1 to have effect. Repetitively executing this instruction without alternately executing CLR WDT1 will have no
effect.
Operation
WDT cleared
TO ¬ 0
PDF ¬ 0
Affected flag(s)
TO, PDF
Rev. 2.40
33
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HT49R70A-1/HT49C70-1/HT49C70L
CPL [m]
Complement Data Memory
Description
Each bit of the specified Data Memory is logically complemented (1¢s complement). Bits
which previously contained a 1 are changed to 0 and vice versa.
Operation
[m] ¬ [m]
Affected flag(s)
Z
CPLA [m]
Complement Data Memory with result in ACC
Description
Each bit of the specified Data Memory is logically complemented (1¢s complement). Bits
which previously contained a 1 are changed to 0 and vice versa. The complemented result
is stored in the Accumulator and the contents of the Data Memory remain unchanged.
Operation
ACC ¬ [m]
Affected flag(s)
Z
DAA [m]
Decimal-Adjust ACC for addition with result in Data Memory
Description
Convert the contents of the Accumulator value to a BCD ( Binary Coded Decimal) value resulting from the previous addition of two BCD variables. If the low nibble is greater than 9 or
if AC flag is set, then a value of 6 will be added to the low nibble. Otherwise the low nibble
remains unchanged. If the high nibble is greater than 9 or if the C flag is set, then a value of
6 will be added to the high nibble. Essentially, the decimal conversion is performed by adding 00H, 06H, 60H or 66H depending on the Accumulator and flag conditions. Only the C
flag may be affected by this instruction which indicates that if the original BCD sum is
greater than 100, it allows multiple precision decimal addition.
Operation
[m] ¬ ACC + 00H or
[m] ¬ ACC + 06H or
[m] ¬ ACC + 60H or
[m] ¬ ACC + 66H
Affected flag(s)
C
DEC [m]
Decrement Data Memory
Description
Data in the specified Data Memory is decremented by 1.
Operation
[m] ¬ [m] - 1
Affected flag(s)
Z
DECA [m]
Decrement Data Memory with result in ACC
Description
Data in the specified Data Memory is decremented by 1. The result is stored in the Accumulator. The contents of the Data Memory remain unchanged.
Operation
ACC ¬ [m] - 1
Affected flag(s)
Z
HALT
Enter power down mode
Description
This instruction stops the program execution and turns off the system clock. The contents
of the Data Memory and registers are retained. The WDT and prescaler are cleared. The
power down flag PDF is set and the WDT time-out flag TO is cleared.
Operation
TO ¬ 0
PDF ¬ 1
Affected flag(s)
TO, PDF
Rev. 2.40
34
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HT49R70A-1/HT49C70-1/HT49C70L
INC [m]
Increment Data Memory
Description
Data in the specified Data Memory is incremented by 1.
Operation
[m] ¬ [m] + 1
Affected flag(s)
Z
INCA [m]
Increment Data Memory with result in ACC
Description
Data in the specified Data Memory is incremented by 1. The result is stored in the Accumulator. The contents of the Data Memory remain unchanged.
Operation
ACC ¬ [m] + 1
Affected flag(s)
Z
JMP addr
Jump unconditionally
Description
The contents of the Program Counter are replaced with the specified address. Program
execution then continues from this new address. As this requires the insertion of a dummy
instruction while the new address is loaded, it is a two cycle instruction.
Operation
Program Counter ¬ addr
Affected flag(s)
None
MOV A,[m]
Move Data Memory to ACC
Description
The contents of the specified Data Memory are copied to the Accumulator.
Operation
ACC ¬ [m]
Affected flag(s)
None
MOV A,x
Move immediate data to ACC
Description
The immediate data specified is loaded into the Accumulator.
Operation
ACC ¬ x
Affected flag(s)
None
MOV [m],A
Move ACC to Data Memory
Description
The contents of the Accumulator are copied to the specified Data Memory.
Operation
[m] ¬ ACC
Affected flag(s)
None
NOP
No operation
Description
No operation is performed. Execution continues with the next instruction.
Operation
No operation
Affected flag(s)
None
OR A,[m]
Logical OR Data Memory to ACC
Description
Data in the Accumulator and the specified Data Memory perform a bitwise logical OR operation. The result is stored in the Accumulator.
Operation
ACC ¬ ACC ²OR² [m]
Affected flag(s)
Z
Rev. 2.40
35
July 30, 2012
HT49R70A-1/HT49C70-1/HT49C70L
OR A,x
Logical OR immediate data to ACC
Description
Data in the Accumulator and the specified immediate data perform a bitwise logical OR operation. The result is stored in the Accumulator.
Operation
ACC ¬ ACC ²OR² x
Affected flag(s)
Z
ORM A,[m]
Logical OR ACC to Data Memory
Description
Data in the specified Data Memory and the Accumulator perform a bitwise logical OR operation. The result is stored in the Data Memory.
Operation
[m] ¬ ACC ²OR² [m]
Affected flag(s)
Z
RET
Return from subroutine
Description
The Program Counter is restored from the stack. Program execution continues at the restored address.
Operation
Program Counter ¬ Stack
Affected flag(s)
None
RET A,x
Return from subroutine and load immediate data to ACC
Description
The Program Counter is restored from the stack and the Accumulator loaded with the
specified immediate data. Program execution continues at the restored address.
Operation
Program Counter ¬ Stack
ACC ¬ x
Affected flag(s)
None
RETI
Return from interrupt
Description
The Program Counter is restored from the stack and the interrupts are re-enabled by setting the EMI bit. EMI is the master interrupt global enable bit. If an interrupt was pending
when the RETI instruction is executed, the pending Interrupt routine will be processed before returning to the main program.
Operation
Program Counter ¬ Stack
EMI ¬ 1
Affected flag(s)
None
RL [m]
Rotate Data Memory left
Description
The contents of the specified Data Memory are rotated left by 1 bit with bit 7 rotated into bit
0.
Operation
[m].(i+1) ¬ [m].i; (i = 0~6)
[m].0 ¬ [m].7
Affected flag(s)
None
RLA [m]
Rotate Data Memory left with result in ACC
Description
The contents of the specified Data Memory are rotated left by 1 bit with bit 7 rotated into bit
0. The rotated result is stored in the Accumulator and the contents of the Data Memory remain unchanged.
Operation
ACC.(i+1) ¬ [m].i; (i = 0~6)
ACC.0 ¬ [m].7
Affected flag(s)
None
Rev. 2.40
36
July 30, 2012
HT49R70A-1/HT49C70-1/HT49C70L
RLC [m]
Rotate Data Memory left through Carry
Description
The contents of the specified Data Memory and the carry flag are rotated left by 1 bit. Bit 7
replaces the Carry bit and the original carry flag is rotated into bit 0.
Operation
[m].(i+1) ¬ [m].i; (i = 0~6)
[m].0 ¬ C
C ¬ [m].7
Affected flag(s)
C
RLCA [m]
Rotate Data Memory left through Carry with result in ACC
Description
Data in the specified Data Memory and the carry flag are rotated left by 1 bit. Bit 7 replaces
the Carry bit and the original carry flag is rotated into the bit 0. The rotated result is stored in
the Accumulator and the contents of the Data Memory remain unchanged.
Operation
ACC.(i+1) ¬ [m].i; (i = 0~6)
ACC.0 ¬ C
C ¬ [m].7
Affected flag(s)
C
RR [m]
Rotate Data Memory right
Description
The contents of the specified Data Memory are rotated right by 1 bit with bit 0 rotated into
bit 7.
Operation
[m].i ¬ [m].(i+1); (i = 0~6)
[m].7 ¬ [m].0
Affected flag(s)
None
RRA [m]
Rotate Data Memory right with result in ACC
Description
Data in the specified Data Memory and the carry flag are rotated right by 1 bit with bit 0 rotated into bit 7. The rotated result is stored in the Accumulator and the contents of the Data
Memory remain unchanged.
Operation
ACC.i ¬ [m].(i+1); (i = 0~6)
ACC.7 ¬ [m].0
Affected flag(s)
None
RRC [m]
Rotate Data Memory right through Carry
Description
The contents of the specified Data Memory and the carry flag are rotated right by 1 bit. Bit 0
replaces the Carry bit and the original carry flag is rotated into bit 7.
Operation
[m].i ¬ [m].(i+1); (i = 0~6)
[m].7 ¬ C
C ¬ [m].0
Affected flag(s)
C
RRCA [m]
Rotate Data Memory right through Carry with result in ACC
Description
Data in the specified Data Memory and the carry flag are rotated right by 1 bit. Bit 0 replaces the Carry bit and the original carry flag is rotated into bit 7. The rotated result is
stored in the Accumulator and the contents of the Data Memory remain unchanged.
Operation
ACC.i ¬ [m].(i+1); (i = 0~6)
ACC.7 ¬ C
C ¬ [m].0
Affected flag(s)
C
Rev. 2.40
37
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HT49R70A-1/HT49C70-1/HT49C70L
SBC A,[m]
Subtract Data Memory from ACC with Carry
Description
The contents of the specified Data Memory and the complement of the carry flag are subtracted from the Accumulator. The result is stored in the Accumulator. Note that if the result
of subtraction is negative, the C flag will be cleared to 0, otherwise if the result is positive or
zero, the C flag will be set to 1.
Operation
ACC ¬ ACC - [m] - C
Affected flag(s)
OV, Z, AC, C
SBCM A,[m]
Subtract Data Memory from ACC with Carry and result in Data Memory
Description
The contents of the specified Data Memory and the complement of the carry flag are subtracted from the Accumulator. The result is stored in the Data Memory. Note that if the result of subtraction is negative, the C flag will be cleared to 0, otherwise if the result is
positive or zero, the C flag will be set to 1.
Operation
[m] ¬ ACC - [m] - C
Affected flag(s)
OV, Z, AC, C
SDZ [m]
Skip if decrement Data Memory is 0
Description
The contents of the specified Data Memory are first decremented by 1. If the result is 0 the
following instruction is skipped. As this requires the insertion of a dummy instruction while
the next instruction is fetched, it is a two cycle instruction. If the result is not 0 the program
proceeds with the following instruction.
Operation
[m] ¬ [m] - 1
Skip if [m] = 0
Affected flag(s)
None
SDZA [m]
Skip if decrement Data Memory is zero with result in ACC
Description
The contents of the specified Data Memory are first decremented by 1. If the result is 0, the
following instruction is skipped. The result is stored in the Accumulator but the specified
Data Memory contents remain unchanged. As this requires the insertion of a dummy instruction while the next instruction is fetched, it is a two cycle instruction. If the result is not
0, the program proceeds with the following instruction.
Operation
ACC ¬ [m] - 1
Skip if ACC = 0
Affected flag(s)
None
SET [m]
Set Data Memory
Description
Each bit of the specified Data Memory is set to 1.
Operation
[m] ¬ FFH
Affected flag(s)
None
SET [m].i
Set bit of Data Memory
Description
Bit i of the specified Data Memory is set to 1.
Operation
[m].i ¬ 1
Affected flag(s)
None
Rev. 2.40
38
July 30, 2012
HT49R70A-1/HT49C70-1/HT49C70L
SIZ [m]
Skip if increment Data Memory is 0
Description
The contents of the specified Data Memory are first incremented by 1. If the result is 0, the
following instruction is skipped. As this requires the insertion of a dummy instruction while
the next instruction is fetched, it is a two cycle instruction. If the result is not 0 the program
proceeds with the following instruction.
Operation
[m] ¬ [m] + 1
Skip if [m] = 0
Affected flag(s)
None
SIZA [m]
Skip if increment Data Memory is zero with result in ACC
Description
The contents of the specified Data Memory are first incremented by 1. If the result is 0, the
following instruction is skipped. The result is stored in the Accumulator but the specified
Data Memory contents remain unchanged. As this requires the insertion of a dummy instruction while the next instruction is fetched, it is a two cycle instruction. If the result is not
0 the program proceeds with the following instruction.
Operation
ACC ¬ [m] + 1
Skip if ACC = 0
Affected flag(s)
None
SNZ [m].i
Skip if bit i of Data Memory is not 0
Description
If bit i of the specified Data Memory is not 0, the following instruction is skipped. As this requires the insertion of a dummy instruction while the next instruction is fetched, it is a two
cycle instruction. If the result is 0 the program proceeds with the following instruction.
Operation
Skip if [m].i ¹ 0
Affected flag(s)
None
SUB A,[m]
Subtract Data Memory from ACC
Description
The specified Data Memory is subtracted from the contents of the Accumulator. The result
is stored in the Accumulator. Note that if the result of subtraction is negative, the C flag will
be cleared to 0, otherwise if the result is positive or zero, the C flag will be set to 1.
Operation
ACC ¬ ACC - [m]
Affected flag(s)
OV, Z, AC, C
SUBM A,[m]
Subtract Data Memory from ACC with result in Data Memory
Description
The specified Data Memory is subtracted from the contents of the Accumulator. The result
is stored in the Data Memory. Note that if the result of subtraction is negative, the C flag will
be cleared to 0, otherwise if the result is positive or zero, the C flag will be set to 1.
Operation
[m] ¬ ACC - [m]
Affected flag(s)
OV, Z, AC, C
SUB A,x
Subtract immediate data from ACC
Description
The immediate data specified by the code is subtracted from the contents of the Accumulator. The result is stored in the Accumulator. Note that if the result of subtraction is negative, the C flag will be cleared to 0, otherwise if the result is positive or zero, the C flag will
be set to 1.
Operation
ACC ¬ ACC - x
Affected flag(s)
OV, Z, AC, C
Rev. 2.40
39
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HT49R70A-1/HT49C70-1/HT49C70L
SWAP [m]
Swap nibbles of Data Memory
Description
The low-order and high-order nibbles of the specified Data Memory are interchanged.
Operation
[m].3~[m].0 « [m].7 ~ [m].4
Affected flag(s)
None
SWAPA [m]
Swap nibbles of Data Memory with result in ACC
Description
The low-order and high-order nibbles of the specified Data Memory are interchanged. The
result is stored in the Accumulator. The contents of the Data Memory remain unchanged.
Operation
ACC.3 ~ ACC.0 ¬ [m].7 ~ [m].4
ACC.7 ~ ACC.4 ¬ [m].3 ~ [m].0
Affected flag(s)
None
SZ [m]
Skip if Data Memory is 0
Description
If the contents of the specified Data Memory is 0, the following instruction is skipped. As
this requires the insertion of a dummy instruction while the next instruction is fetched, it is a
two cycle instruction. If the result is not 0 the program proceeds with the following instruction.
Operation
Skip if [m] = 0
Affected flag(s)
None
SZA [m]
Skip if Data Memory is 0 with data movement to ACC
Description
The contents of the specified Data Memory are copied to the Accumulator. If the value is
zero, the following instruction is skipped. As this requires the insertion of a dummy instruction while the next instruction is fetched, it is a two cycle instruction. If the result is not 0 the
program proceeds with the following instruction.
Operation
ACC ¬ [m]
Skip if [m] = 0
Affected flag(s)
None
SZ [m].i
Skip if bit i of Data Memory is 0
Description
If bit i of the specified Data Memory is 0, the following instruction is skipped. As this requires the insertion of a dummy instruction while the next instruction is fetched, it is a two
cycle instruction. If the result is not 0, the program proceeds with the following instruction.
Operation
Skip if [m].i = 0
Affected flag(s)
None
TABRDC [m]
Read table (current page) to TBLH and Data Memory
Description
The low byte of the program code (current page) addressed by the table pointer (TBLP) is
moved to the specified Data Memory and the high byte moved to TBLH.
Operation
[m] ¬ program code (low byte)
TBLH ¬ program code (high byte)
Affected flag(s)
None
TABRDL [m]
Read table (last page) to TBLH and Data Memory
Description
The low byte of the program code (last page) addressed by the table pointer (TBLP) is
moved to the specified Data Memory and the high byte moved to TBLH.
Operation
[m] ¬ program code (low byte)
TBLH ¬ program code (high byte)
Affected flag(s)
None
Rev. 2.40
40
July 30, 2012
HT49R70A-1/HT49C70-1/HT49C70L
XOR A,[m]
Logical XOR Data Memory to ACC
Description
Data in the Accumulator and the specified Data Memory perform a bitwise logical XOR operation. The result is stored in the Accumulator.
Operation
ACC ¬ ACC ²XOR² [m]
Affected flag(s)
Z
XORM A,[m]
Logical XOR ACC to Data Memory
Description
Data in the specified Data Memory and the Accumulator perform a bitwise logical XOR operation. The result is stored in the Data Memory.
Operation
[m] ¬ ACC ²XOR² [m]
Affected flag(s)
Z
XOR A,x
Logical XOR immediate data to ACC
Description
Data in the Accumulator and the specified immediate data perform a bitwise logical XOR
operation. The result is stored in the Accumulator.
Operation
ACC ¬ ACC ²XOR² x
Affected flag(s)
Z
Rev. 2.40
41
July 30, 2012
HT49R70A-1/HT49C70-1/HT49C70L
Package Information
Note that the package information provided here is for consultation purposes only. As this information may be updated at regular intervals users are reminded to consult the Holtek website (http://www.holtek.com.tw/english/literature/package.pdf) for
the latest version of the package information.
64-pin LQFP (7mm´7mm) Outline Dimensions
C
D
4 8
G
3 3
H
I
3 2
4 9
F
A
B
E
6 4
1 7
K
a
J
1 6
1
Symbol
Nom.
Max.
A
0.350
¾
0.358
B
0.272
¾
0.280
C
0.350
¾
0.358
D
0.272
¾
0.280
E
¾
0.016
¾
F
0.005
¾
0.009
G
0.053
¾
0.057
H
¾
¾
0.063
I
0.002
¾
0.006
J
0.018
¾
0.030
K
0.004
¾
0.008
a
0°
¾
7°
Symbol
Rev. 2.40
Dimensions in inch
Min.
Dimensions in mm
Min.
Nom.
Max.
A
8.90
¾
9.10
B
6.90
¾
7.10
C
8.90
¾
9.10
D
6.90
¾
7.10
E
¾
0.40
¾
F
0.13
¾
0.23
G
1.35
¾
1.45
H
¾
¾
1.60
I
0.05
¾
0.15
J
0.45
¾
0.75
K
0.09
¾
0.20
a
0°
¾
7°
42
July 30, 2012
HT49R70A-1/HT49C70-1/HT49C70L
100-pin LQFP (14mm´14mm) Outline Dimensions
C
D
7 5
G
5 1
H
I
5 0
7 6
F
A
B
E
1 0 0
2 6
a
K
J
2 5
1
Symbol
A
Nom.
Max.
0.626
¾
0.634
B
0.547
¾
0.555
C
0.626
¾
0.634
D
0.547
¾
0.555
E
¾
0.020
¾
F
¾
0.008
¾
G
0.053
¾
0.057
H
¾
¾
0.063
I
¾
0.004
¾
J
0.018
¾
0.030
K
0.004
¾
0.008
a
0°
¾
7°
Symbol
Rev. 2.40
Dimensions in inch
Min.
Dimensions in mm
Min.
Nom.
Max.
A
15.90
¾
16.10
B
13.90
¾
14.10
C
15.90
¾
16.10
D
13.90
¾
14.10
E
¾
0.50
¾
F
¾
0.20
¾
G
1.35
¾
1.45
H
¾
¾
1.60
I
¾
0.10
¾
J
0.45
¾
0.75
K
0.10
¾
0.20
a
0°
¾
7°
43
July 30, 2012
HT49R70A-1/HT49C70-1/HT49C70L
Holtek Semiconductor Inc. (Headquarters)
No.3, Creation Rd. II, Science Park, Hsinchu, Taiwan
Tel: 886-3-563-1999
Fax: 886-3-563-1189
http://www.holtek.com.tw
Holtek Semiconductor Inc. (Taipei Sales Office)
4F-2, No. 3-2, YuanQu St., Nankang Software Park, Taipei 115, Taiwan
Tel: 886-2-2655-7070
Fax: 886-2-2655-7373
Fax: 886-2-2655-7383 (International sales hotline)
Holtek Semiconductor Inc. (Shenzhen Sales Office)
5F, Unit A, Productivity Building, No.5 Gaoxin M 2nd Road, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, China 518057
Tel: 86-755-8616-9908, 86-755-8616-9308
Fax: 86-755-8616-9722
Holtek Semiconductor (USA), Inc. (North America Sales Office)
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http://www.holtek.com
Copyright Ó 2012 by HOLTEK SEMICONDUCTOR INC.
The information appearing in this Data Sheet is believed to be accurate at the time of publication. However, Holtek assumes no responsibility arising from the use of the specifications described. The applications mentioned herein are used
solely for the purpose of illustration and Holtek makes no warranty or representation that such applications will be suitable
without further modification, nor recommends the use of its products for application that may present a risk to human life
due to malfunction or otherwise. Holtek¢s products are not authorized for use as critical components in life support devices
or systems. Holtek reserves the right to alter its products without prior notification. For the most up-to-date information,
please visit our web site at http://www.holtek.com.tw.
Rev. 2.40
44
July 30, 2012