ADNS-5050 Optical Mouse Sensor Data Sheet Description Features The ADNS-5050 is a mainstream, small form factor optical mouse sensor. It is a user-friendly product with many built-in features and optimized for LED-based corded products. Small form factor, pin-to-pin compatible with ADNS-5020-EN The ADNS-5050 is capable of high-speed motion detection – up to 30ips and 8g. In addition, it has an on-chip oscillator and built-in LED driver to minimize external components. Frame rate is also adjusted internally. High speed motion detection at 30 ips and up to 8g Register-to-register compatible with ADNS-5020-EN Built-in LED driver for simpler circuitry Self-adjusting frame rate for optimum performance Internal oscillator – no clock input needed The ADNS-5050 along with the 5100-001 lens, LED clip and HLMP-EG3E-xxxxx LED form a complete and compact mouse tracking system. There are no moving parts, which mean high reliability and less maintenance for the end user. In addition, precision optical alignment is not required, facilitating high volume assembly. Default 500 cpi resolution, adjustable from 125 to 1375 cpi via 125 cpi step The sensor is programmed via registers through a threewire SPI interface. It is housed in an 8-pin staggered dual in-line package (DIP). Applications Theory of Operation Operating voltage: 5V nominal Three-wire serial interface Only 4 capacitors and no transistor required Optical Mice Optical trackballs Integrated input devices The ADNS-5050 is based on Optical Navigation Technology, which measures changes in position by optically acquiring sequential surface images (frames) and mathematically determining the direction and magnitude of movement. The ADNS-5050 contains an Image Acquisition System (IAS), a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), and a three wire serial port. The IAS acquires microscopic surface images via the lens and illumination system. These images are processed by the DSP to determine the direction and distance of motion. The DSP calculates the Δx and Δy relative displacement values. An external microcontroller reads the Δx and Δy information from the sensor serial port. The microcontroller then translates the data into PS2 or USB signals before sending them to the host PC. All rights strictly reserved any portion in this paper shall not be reproduced, copied or transformed to any other forms without permission. PixArt Imaging Inc. E-mail: [email protected] PixArt Imaging Inc. ADNS-5050 Optical Mouse Sensor Pinout of ADNS-5050 Optical Mouse Sensor Pin Name Description I/O type 1 SDIO Serial Port Data Input and Output I/O 2 XY_LED LED Control O 3 NRESET Reset Pin (active low input) I 4 NCS Chip Select (active low input) I 5 VDD5 Supply Voltage Power 6 GND Ground Ground 7 REGO Regulator Output O 8 SCLK Serial Clock Input I Date Code 4 5 3 6 2 7 1 8 Lot Code Product Number Item Marking Product Number A5050 Remarks Date Code XYYWWZ X = Subcon Code YYWW = Date Code Z = Sensor Die Source Lot Code VVV Numeric Figure 1. Package outline drawing (top view). All rights strictly reserved any portion in this paper shall not be reproduced, copied or transformed to any other forms without permission. PixArt Imaging Inc. E-mail: [email protected] 2 PixArt Imaging Inc. ADNS-5050 Optical Mouse Sensor Product Number Date Code Features for Illustration only 9.90 0.390 9.10 0.358 3.21 0.126 4.30 0.169 5.15 0.203 12.85 (At shoulder) 0.506 Lot Code Pin 1 ± 90 1.00 Lead offset 0.039 0.50 0.020 (2.54) 0.100 ∅ 5.60 12.85 ± 0.50 (At lead tip) 0.506 ± 0.020 2.00 0.079 (0.04) 0.002 Lead pitch 3q Lead width Pin 1 0.220 4.55 0.179 Protective Kapton Tape Section A-A A A ∅ 0.80 0.031 Clear Optical Path 4.45 0.175 Notes: 1. Dimensions in millimeter / inches. 2. Dimensional tolerance: ± 0.1mm. 3. Coplanarity of leads: 0.1mm. 4. Lead pitch tolerance: ± 0.15mm. 5. Non-cumulative pitch tolerance: ± 0.15mm. 6. Angular tolerance: ± 3q 7. Maximum flash: 0.2mm. 8. Brackets () indicate reference dimension. 9. Document Number: LED_DIFF_8B_PKG_002 Figure 2. Package outline drawing CAUTION: It is advised that normal static precautions be taken in handling and assembly of this component to prevent damage and/or degradation which may be induced by ESD. All rights strictly reserved any portion in this paper shall not be reproduced, copied or transformed to any other forms without permission. PixArt Imaging Inc. E-mail: [email protected] 3 PixArt Imaging Inc. ADNS-5050 Optical Mouse Sensor Overview of Optical Mouse Sensor Assembly PixArt Imaging provides an IGES file drawing describing the base plate molding features for lens and PCB alignment. The ADNS-5050 sensor is designed for mounting on a through-hole PCB, looking down. There is an aperture stop and features on the package that align to the lens. The ADNS-5100-001 lens provides optics for the imaging of the surface as well as illumination of the surface at the optimum angle. Features on the lens align it to the sensor, base plate, and clip with the LED. The LED clip holds the LED in relation to the lens. The LED must be inserted into the clip and the LED’s leads formed prior to loading on the PCB. The HLMP-EG3E-xxxxx LED is recommended for illumination. 12.85 (0.506) 10.35 (0.407) 7.56 (0.298) 6.29 (0.248) 5.02 (0.198) OPTIONAL HOLE FOR ALIGNMENT POST, IF USED 2.25 (0.089) 0.25 (0.010) 31.50 (1.240) 26.67 (1.050) 14.44 (0.569) 0 (0) 24.15 25.00 (0.951) (0.984) 3X 3.00 (0.118) 14.94 CLEAR ZONE (0.588) 2X 0.80 (0.031) 1.00 (0.039) PIN #1 2.00 (0.079) HOLE PITCH DISTANCE 2.00 (0.079) 13.06 (0.514) 8X 0.80 (0.031) OPTICAL CENTER 0 (0) 1.37 (0.054) 6.30 (0.248) 11.22 (0.442) 12.60 (0.496) ALL DIMENSIONS IN MILLIMETERS (INCHES). Figure 3. Recommended PCB mechanical cutouts and spacing. All rights strictly reserved any portion in this paper shall not be reproduced, copied or transformed to any other forms without permission. PixArt Imaging Inc. E-mail: [email protected] 4 PixArt Imaging Inc. ADNS-5050 Optical Mouse Sensor 33.45 (1.317) TOP VIEW 13.10 (0.516) BASE PLATE DIMENSIONS IN mm (INCHES) CROSS SECTION SIDE VIEW 10.58 (0.417) 7.45 (0.293)TOP PCB to SURFACE PCB 2.40 BOTTOM of LENS FLANGE to SURFACE (0.094) SENSOR 0.43 (0.017) LED CLIP LENS LED NAVIGATION SURFACE BASE PLATE Figure 4. 2D Assembly drawing of ADNS-5050 (top and side views). All rights strictly reserved any portion in this paper shall not be reproduced, copied or transformed to any other forms without permission. PixArt Imaging Inc. E-mail: [email protected] 5 ALIGNMENT POST (OPTIONAL) PixArt Imaging Inc. ADNS-5050 Optical Mouse Sensor LED LED CLIP SENSOR CUSTOMER SUPPLIED PCB LENS (SHOWING ADNS-5100-001) CUSTOMER SUPPLIED BASE PLATE WITH RECOMMENDED ALIGNMENT FEATURES PER IGES DRAWING Figure 5. Exploded view drawing. PCB Assembly Considerations 3. Insert the LED clip assembly into PCB. 4. This sensor package is only qualified for wave-solder process. 5. Wave solder the entire assembly in a no-wash solder process utilizing solder fixture. The solder fixture is needed to protect the sensor during the solder process. It also sets the correct sensor-to-PCB distance as the lead shoulders do not normally rest on the PCB surface. The fixture should be designed to expose the sensor leads to solder while shielding the optical aperture from direct solder contact. 10. Install mouse top case. There MUST be a feature in the top case to press down onto the PCB assembly to ensure all components are interlocked to the correct vertical height. ADNS-5050 VDD5 GND 6. Place the lens onto the base plate. 7. Remove the protective kapton tape from optical aperture of the sensor. Care must be taken to keep contaminants from entering the aperture. Recommend not to place the PCB facing up during the entire mouse assembly process. Recommend to hold the PCB first vertically for the kapton removal process. 8. Insert PCB assembly over the lens onto the base plate aligning post to retain PCB assembly. The sensor aperture ring should self-align to the lens. REGO IMAGE ARRAY DSP SERIAL PORT AND REGISTERS 2. Insert the LED into the assembly clip and bend the leads 90 degrees. 9. The optical position reference for the PCB is set by the base plate and lens. Note that the PCB motion due to button presses must be minimized to maintain optical alignment. POWER AND CONTROL 1. Insert the sensor and all other electrical components into PCB. PixArt Imaging Inc. E-mail: [email protected] SCLK SDIO NRESET OSCILLATOR LED DRIVE Figure 6. Block diagram of ADNS-5050 optical mouse sensor. All rights strictly reserved any portion in this paper shall not be reproduced, copied or transformed to any other forms without permission. 6 NCS XY_LED PixArt Imaging Inc. ADNS-5050 Optical Mouse Sensor Design Considerations for Improved ESD Performance For improved electrostatic discharge performance, typical creepage and clearance distance are shown in the table below. Assumption: base plate construction as per the PixArt Imaging supplied IGES file and ADNS-5100-001 lens. Typical Distance A5100-001 Creepage 17.9 Clearance 9.2 NOTE: The lens material is polycarbonate or polystyrene HH30, therefore, cyanoacrylate based adhesives orother adhesives that may damage the lens should NOT be used. LED CLIP SENSOR LENS PCB NAVIGATION SURFACE LED BASE PLATE Figure 7. Sectional view of PCB assembly highlighting optical mouse components. All rights strictly reserved any portion in this paper shall not be reproduced, copied or transformed to any other forms without permission. PixArt Imaging Inc. E-mail: [email protected] 7 PixArt Imaging Inc. ADNS-5050 Optical Mouse Sensor SW2 + 5V MIDDLE SW1 RIGHT D1 HLMP-EG3E SW3 LEFT VCC C7 0.1 8 1 SCLK SDIO VCC P1.0 P1.1 P1.2 P1.3 P1.6 P1.7 VCC VBUS GND D+ D- J1 1 2 3 4 POWER MCU with USB Features D+/SCLK D-/SDAT R13 1.30K C2 4.7 5 VDD P0.7 P0.6 P0.5 4 NCS P0.4 GND 6 C4 3.3 ADNS-5050 XY_LED 2 XY_LED NRESET P0.3 P1.4 P1.5 P0.0 P0.1 VPP XOUT VREG XIN/P2.1 RECOMMENDED LED BIN: VCC Q1 2 VCC GND 1 3 QA QB R2 240 D2 Z-LED Z-ENCODER R4 27K R3 27K Figure 8. Schematic diagram for interface between ADNS-5050 and microcontroller. All rights strictly reserved any portion in this paper shall not be reproduced, copied or transformed to any other forms without permission. PixArt Imaging Inc. E-mail: [email protected] 8 C3 0.1 REG0 7 U1 3 P0.2 C1 0.1 BIN P AND ABOVE (P,Q,R,S….) Ropt 0.5k PixArt Imaging Inc. ADNS-5050 Optical Mouse Sensor Regulatory Requirements Passes FCC B and worldwide analogous emission limits when assembled into a mouse with shielded cable and following PixArt Imaging recommendations. Passes IEC-1000-4-3 radiated susceptibility level when assembled into a mouse with shielded cable and following PixArt Imaging recommendations. Passes EN61000-4-4/IEC801-4 EFT tests when assembled into a mouse with shielded cable and following PixArt Imaging recommendations. UL flammability level UL94 HB. Provides sufficient ESD creepage/clearance distance to avoid discharge up to 15 kV when assembled into a mouse using lens according to usage instructions above. Absolute Maximum Ratings Parameter Symbol Storage Temperature TS Minimum -40 Lead Solder Temp Supply Voltage -0.5 VDD ESD Input Voltage VIN Output Current Iout -0.5 Maximum Units 85 °C Notes 260 °C 5.5 V 2 kV All pins, human body model MIL 883 Method 3015 VDD+0.5 V All I/O pins 7 mA SDIO pin Recommended Operating Conditions Parameter Symbol Minimum Operating Temperature TA 0 Power Supply VDD 4.0 Power Supply Rise Time VRT 0.005 Supply Noise (Sinusoidal) Maximum Units 40 °C 5.25 V 100 ms 0 to VDD VNA 100 mV p-p 10 kHz-50 MHz Serial Port Clock Frequency fSCLK 3 MHz 50% duty cycle. Distance from Lens Reference Plane to Tracking Surface (Z) Z 2.5 mm Speed S Acceleration a 8 g Load Capacitance Cout 100 pF 2.3 Typical 5.0 2.4 30 SENSOR Notes ips SDIO LENS OBJECT SURFACE 2.40 Z = (0.094) LENS REFERENCE PLANE Figure 9. Distance from lens reference plane to tracking surface (Z). All rights strictly reserved any portion in this paper shall not be reproduced, copied or transformed to any other forms without permission. PixArt Imaging Inc. E-mail: [email protected] 9 PixArt Imaging Inc. ADNS-5050 Optical Mouse Sensor AC Electrical Specifications Electrical Characteristics over recommended operating conditions. Typical values at 25 °C, VDD = 5.0 V. Parameter Symbol Minimum Power Down tPD Wake from Power Down tWAKEUP 50 Reset Pulse Width tRESET 250 Motion Delay after Reset tMOT-RST SDIO Rise Time tr-SDIO SDIO Fall Time tf-SDIO SDIO delay after SCLK tDLY-SDIO SDIO Hold Time thold-SDIO SDIO Setup Time Typical Maximum Units Notes 50 ms From PD (when bit 1 of register 0x0d is set) to low current 55 ms From PD inactive (when NRESET pin is asserted high or write 0x5a to register 0x3a) to valid motion ns Active low. 50 ms From NRESET pull high to valid mo tion, assuming VDD and motion is present. 150 300 ns CL = 100pF 150 300 ns CL = 100pF 120 ns From SCLK falling edge to SDIO data valid, no load conditions. 100 ns Data held until next falling SCLK edge. tsetup-SDIO 120 ns From data valid to SCLK rising edge. SPI Time between Write Commands tSWW 30 μs From rising SCLK for last bit of the first data byte, to rising SCLK for last bit of the second data byte. SPI Time between Write and Read Commands tSWR 20 μs From rising SCLK for last bit of the first data byte, to rising SCLK for last bit of the second address byte. SPI Time between Read and Subsequent Commands tSRW tSRR 500 ns From rising SCLK for last bit of the first data byte, to falling SCLK for the first bit of the next address. SPI Read Address-Data Delay tSRAD 4 μs From rising SCLK for last bit of the address byte, to falling SCLK for first bit of data being read. NCS Inactive after Motion Burst tBEXIT 250 ns Minimum NCS inactive time after motion burst before next SPI usage. NCS to SCLK Active tNCS-SCLK 120 ns From NCS falling edge to first SCLK rising edge. SCLK to NCS Inactive (for read operation) tSCLK-NCS 120 ns From last SCLK rising edge to NCS rising edge, for valid SDIO data transfer. SCLK to NCS Inactive (for write operation) tSCLK-NCS 20 us From last SCLK rising edge to NCS rising edge, for valid SDIO data transfer. NCS to SDIO High-Z tNCS-SDIO 500 ns From NCS rising edge to SDIO high-Z state. Transient Supply Current IDDT 60 mA Max supply current during a VDD ramp from 0 to VDD. 10 All rights strictly reserved any portion in this paper shall not be reproduced, copied or transformed to any other forms without permission. PixArt Imaging Inc. E-mail: [email protected] 10 PixArt Imaging Inc. ADNS-5050 Optical Mouse Sensor DC Electrical Specifications Electrical Characteristics over recommended operating conditions. Typical values at 25 °C, VDD = 5.0 V. Parameter Symbol DC Supply Current Minimum Typical Maximum Units Notes IDD_AVG 13.0 16.0 mA Average sensor current, at max frame rate. No load on SDIO. Idle Supply Current IDD_IDLE 11.0 Power Down Supply Current IDD_PD 180 mA 250 μA SCLK, NCS, NRESET, SDIO=VDD 0.5 V SCLK, SDIO, NCS, NRESET V SCLK, SDIO, NCS, NRESET mV SCLK, SDIO, NCS, NRESET μA Vin = VDD-0.6 V, SCLK, SDIO, NCS, NRESET mA Average current at maximum frame rate. 51.5 mA Peak current at maximum frame rate. Follow recommended schematics in Figure 8 to ensure DC current flowing through LED during run mode is within LED's absolute maximum limit. 0.7 V Iout = 1 mA, SDIO V Iout = -1 mA, SDIO Input Low Voltage VIL Input High Voltage VIH Input Hysteresis VI_HYS 200 Input Leakage Current Ileak ±1 XY_LED Current (pin voltage range should be greater than 0.8 V.) IXY_LED 45 XY_LED Current (pin voltage range should be greater than 0.8 V.) IXY_PK 45 Output Low Voltage VOL Output High Voltage VOH Input Capacitance Cin 50 pF Frame Rate FR 4500 fps VDD – 0.5 VDD-0.7 ±10 Internally adjusted by sensor (value shown is based on internal oscillator frequency of 28MHZ) All rights strictly reserved any portion in this paper shall not be reproduced, copied or transformed to any other forms without permission. PixArt Imaging Inc. E-mail: [email protected] 11 PixArt Imaging Inc. ADNS-5050 Optical Mouse Sensor Typical Performance Characteristics Resolution vs Z 1200 Manila 1000 Black Formica Resolution (DPI) 800 White Paper 600 400 Spruce/ White Pine 200 0 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 3 3.1 3.2 Distance from Lens Reference Plane to Tracking Surface, Z (mm) Figure 10. Mean resolution vs. distance from lens reference plane to surface. Average Path Error vs Z 25 Manila Resolution (DPI) 20 Black Formica 15 White Paper 10 Spruce/ White Pine 5 0 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 3 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 Distance from Lens Reference Plane to Tracking Surface, Z (mm) Figure 11. Average error vs. distance (mm). 1 0.9 Normalized Response 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 400 500 600 700 Wavelength (nm) 800 900 1000 Figure 12. Relative wavelength responsivity. All rights strictly reserved any portion in this paper shall not be reproduced, copied or transformed to any other forms without permission. PixArt Imaging Inc. E-mail: [email protected] 12 PixArt Imaging Inc. ADNS-5050 Optical Mouse Sensor LED Mode Chip Select Operation For optimized tracking performance, the LED is in DC mode when motion is detected, and ADNS-5050 will pulse the LED when the mouse is in idle state. To force the LED into always DC mode, kindly refer to register 0x22. The serial port is activated after NCS goes low. If NCS is raised during a transaction, the entire transaction is aborted and the serial port will be reset. This is true for all transactions. After a transaction is aborted, the normal address-to-data or transaction-to-transaction delay is still required before beginning the next transaction. To improve communication reliability, all serial transactions should be framed by NCS. In other words, the port should not remain enabled during periods of non-use because ESD and EFT/B events could be interpreted as serial communication and put the chip into an unknown state. In addition, NCS must be raised after each burst-mode transaction is complete to terminate burst-mode. The port is not available for further use until burst-mode is terminated. Synchronous Serial Port The synchronous serial port is used to set and read parameters in the ADNS-5050, and to read out the motion information. The port is a three wire serial port. The host micro-controller always initiates communication; the ADNS-5050 never initiates data transfers. SCLK, SDIO, and NCS may be driven directly by a micro-controller. The port pins may be shared with other SPI slave devices. When the NCS pin is high, the inputs are ignored and the output is tri-stated. Write Operation Write operation, defined as data going from the microcontroller to the ADNS-5050, is always initiated by the micro-controller and consists of two bytes. The first byte contains the address (seven bits) and has a “1” as its MSB to indicate data direction. The second byte contains the data. The ADNS-5050 reads SDIO on rising edges of SCLK. The lines that comprise the SPI port: SCLK: Clock input. It is always generated by the master (the micro-controller). SDIO: Input and Output data. NCS: Chip select input (active low). NCS needs to be low to activate the serial port; otherwise, SDIO will be high Z, and SDIO & SCLK will be ignored. NCS can also be used to reset the serial port in case of an error. NCS 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 1 2 1 A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 1 A6 SCLK SDIO SDIO DRIVEN BY MICRO-CONTROLLER Write Operation 1/(2f SCLK ) 1/(2f SCLK ) SCLK SDIO thold tsetup SDIO Setup and Hold Time All rights strictly reserved any portion in this paper shall not be reproduced, copied or transformed to any other forms without permission. PixArt Imaging Inc. E-mail: [email protected] 13 PixArt Imaging Inc. ADNS-5050 Optical Mouse Sensor Read Operation A read operation, defined as data going from the ADNS-5050 to the micro-controller, is always initiated by the microcontroller and consists of two bytes. The first byte contains the address, is sent by the micro-controller over SDIO, and has a “0” as its MSB to indicate data direction. The second byte contains the data and is driven by the ADNS-5050 over SDIO. The sensor outputs SDIO bits on falling edges of SCLK and samples SDIO bits on every rising edge of SCLK. SCLK CYCLE # 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 SCLK SDIO 0 A0 SDIO DRIVEN BY MICRO-CONTROLLER SDIO DRIVEN BY ADNS-5050 DETAIL "A" DETAIL "B" Read Operation tDLY DETAIL "A" MICROCONTROLLER TO ADNS-5050 SDIO HANDOFF SCLK tSETUP SDIO 0 ns, MIN. A1 A0 tSRAD Hi-Z tDLY D7 D6 0 ns, MIN. Microcontroller to ADNS-5050 Handoff tDLY DETAIL "B" ADNS-5050 TO MICROCONTROLLER SDIO HANDOFF tHOLD SCLK D0 SDIO RELEASED BY 5050 R/W BIT OF NEXT ADDRESS DRIVEN BY MICRO ADNS-5050 to Microcontroller Handoff NOTE: The 0.5/fSCLK minimum high state of SCLK is also the minimum SDIO data hold time of the ADNS-5050. Since the falling edge of SCLK is actually the start of the next read or write command, the ADNS-5050 will hold the state of data on SDIO until the falling edge of SCLK. All rights strictly reserved any portion in this paper shall not be reproduced, copied or transformed to any other forms without permission. PixArt Imaging Inc. E-mail: [email protected] 14 PixArt Imaging Inc. ADNS-5050 Optical Mouse Sensor Required Timing between Read and Write Commands There are minimum timing requirements between read and write commands on the serial port. tSWR ••• SCLK ADDRESS DATA ADDRESS WRITE OPERATION NEXT READ OPERATION ••• Timing between Two Write Commands If the rising edge of the SCLK for the last data bit of the second write command occurs before the required delay (tsww), then the first write command may not complete correctly. tSRW & tSRR tSRAD ••• SCLK DATA ADDRESS READ OPERATION ADDRESS ••• NEXT READ or WRITE OPERATION Timing between Write and Read Commands If the rising edge of SCLK for the last address bit of the read command occurs before the required delay (tSWR), the write command may not complete correctly. t SWW SCLK ADDRESS DATA WRITE OPERATION ADDRESS DATA WRITE OPERATION Timing between Read and Either Write or Subsequent Read Commands During a read operation SCLK should be delayed at least tSRAD after the last address data bit to ensure that the ADNS-5050 has time to prepare the requested data. The falling edge of SCLK for the first address bit of either the read or write command must be at least tSRR or tSRW after the last SCLK rising edge of the last data bit of the previous read operation. All rights strictly reserved any portion in this paper shall not be reproduced, copied or transformed to any other forms without permission. 15 PixArt Imaging Inc. E-mail: [email protected] PixArt Imaging Inc. ADNS-5050 Optical Mouse Sensor Motion Burst Timing tSRAD ••• SCLK MOTION_BURST REGISTER ADDRESS READ FIRST BYTE FIRST READ OPERATION ••• READ SECOND BYTE Burst Mode Operation Burst mode is a special serial port operation mode that may be used to reduce the serial transaction time for a motion read. The speed improvement is achieved by continuous data clocking to or from multiple registers without the need to specify the register address, and by not requiring the normal delay period between data bytes. Burst mode is activated by reading the Motion_Burst register. The ADNS-5050 will respond with the contents of the Delta_X, Delta_Y, SQUAL, Shutter_Upper, Shutter_Lower, Maximum_Pixel and Pixel_Sum registers in that order. The burst transaction can be terminated anywhere in the sequence after the Delta_X value by bringing the NCS pin high. After sending the register address, the micro-controller must wait tSRAD and then begin reading data. All data bits can be read with no delay between bytes by driving SCLK at the normal rate. The data are latched into the output buffer after the last address bit is received. After the burst transmission is complete, the micro-controller must raise the NCS line for at least tBEXIT to terminate burst mode. The serial port is not available for use until it is reset with NCS, even for a second burst transmission. PixArt Imaging highly recommends the usage of burst mode operation in optical mouse sensor design applications. READ THIRD BYTE During power-up there will be a period of time after the power supply is high but before any clocks are available. The table below shows the state of the various pins during power-up and reset. State of Signal Pins After VDD is Valid Pin During Reset After Reset NCS SDIO SCLK XY_LED Ignored Ignored Ignored Hi-Z Functional Depends on NCS Depends on NCS Functional Notes on Power Down The ADNS-5050 can be set in Power Down mode by setting bit 1 of register 0x0d. In addition, the SPI port should not be accessed during power down. (Other ICs on the same SPI bus can be accessed, as long as the sensor’s NCS pin is not asserted.) The table below shows the state of various pins during power down. There are 2 ways to exit power down, either assert low NRESET pin or by writing 0x5a to Register 0x3a. A full reset will thus be executed. Wait for tWAKEUP before accessing the SPI port. Any register settings must then be reloaded. Notes on Power-up and Reset The ADNS-5050 does not perform an internal power up self-reset. There are two ways to reset the chip, either assert low NRESET pin or by writing 0x5a to register 0x3a. A full reset will thus be executed. Any register settings must then be reloaded. * Pin Power Down Active NRESET Functional NCS Functional* SDIO Functional* SCLK Functional* XY_LED Power Down NCS pin must be held to 1(high) if SPI bus is shared with other devices. It can be in either state if the sensor is the only device in addition to the controller microprocessor. NOTE: There is long wakeup time from power down. All rights strictly reserved any portion in this paper shall not be reproduced, copied or transformed to any other forms without permission. PixArt Imaging Inc. E-mail: [email protected] 16 PixArt Imaging Inc. ADNS-5050 Optical Mouse Sensor Registers The ADNS-5050 registers are accessible via the serial port. The registers are used to read motion data and status as well as to set the device configuration. Address Register Read/Write Default Value 0x00 Product_ID R 0x12 0x01 Revision_ID R 0x01 0x02 Motion R 0x00 0x03 Delta_X R Any 0x04 Delta_Y R Any 0x05 SQUAL R Any 0x06 Shutter_Upper R Any 0x07 Shutter_Lower R Any 0x08 Maximum_Pixel R Any 0x09 Pixel_Sum R Any 0x0a Minimum_Pixel R Any 0x0b Pixel_Grab R/W Any 0x0c Reserved 0x0d Mouse_Control R/W 0x00 R/W 0x08 R/W 0x00 W N/A 0x0e – 0x18 Reserved 0x19 Mouse_Control2 0x1a – 0x21 Reserved 0x22 LED_DC_Mode 0x23 – 0x39 Reserved 0x3a Chip_Reset 0x3b – 0x3d Reserved 0x3e Product ID2 R 0x26 0x3f Inv_Rev_ID R 0xfe 0x40 – 0x62 Reserved 0x63 Motion_Burst R 0x00 All rights strictly reserved any portion in this paper shall not be reproduced, copied or transformed to any other forms without permission. PixArt Imaging Inc. E-mail: [email protected] 17 PixArt Imaging Inc. ADNS-5050 Optical Mouse Sensor Product_ID Access: Read Address: 0x00 Reset Value: 0x12 Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Field PID7 PID6 PID5 PID4 PID3 PID2 PID1 PID0 Data Type: 8-Bit unsigned integer USAGE: This register value is made to be the same as ADNS-5020-EN for direct replacement. The alternative PID is located at Product_ID2 (Address 0x3e). The values in these registers do not change; either one can be used to verify if the serial communications link is functional. Revision_ID Access: Read Data Type: Address: 0x01 Reset Value: 0x01 Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Field RID7 RID6 RID5 RID4 RID3 RID2 RID1 RID0 8-Bit unsigned integer USAGE: This register contains the IC revision. It is subject to change when new IC versions are released. Motion Access: Read/Write Address: 0x02 Reset Value: 0x00 Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 Field MOT Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved 0 Data Type: Bit field. USAGE: Register 0x02 allows the user to determine if motion has occurred since the last time it was read. If the MOT bit is set, then the user should read registers 0x03 and 0x04 to get the accumulated motion. Read this register before reading the Delta_X and Delta_Y registers. Writing anything to this register clears the MOT bit, Delta_X and Delta_Y registers. The written data byte is not saved. Field Name MOT Reserved Description Motion since last report 0 = No motion 1 = Motion occurred, data ready for reading in Delta_X and Delta_Y registers Reserved All rights strictly reserved any portion in this paper shall not be reproduced, copied or transformed to any other forms without permission. PixArt Imaging Inc. E-mail: [email protected] 1 18 PixArt Imaging Inc. ADNS-5050 Optical Mouse Sensor Delta_X Access: Read Address: 0x03 Reset Value: 0x00 Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Field X7 X6 X5 X4 X3 X2 X1 X0 Data Type: Eight bit 2’s complement number. USAGE: X movement is counts since last report. Absolute value is determined by resolution. Reading clears the register. MOTION -128 -127 -2 -1 0 +1 +2 +126 +127 DELTA_X 80 81 FE FF 00 01 02 7E 7F NOTE: Register 0x03 MUST be read prior to Register 0x04. Delta_Y Access: Read Address: 0x04 Reset Value: 0x00 Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Field Y7 Y6 Y5 Y4 Y3 Y2 Y1 Y0 Data Type: Eight bit 2’s complement number. USAGE: Y movement is counts since last report. Absolute value is determined by resolution. Reading clears the register. MOTION -128 -127 -2 -1 0 +1 +2 +126 +127 DELTA_Y 80 81 FE FF 00 01 02 7E 7F NOTE: Register 0x03 MUST be read prior to Register 0x04. All rights strictly reserved any portion in this paper shall not be reproduced, copied or transformed to any other forms without permission. PixArt Imaging Inc. E-mail: [email protected] 19 PixArt Imaging Inc. ADNS-5050 Optical Mouse Sensor SQUAL Access: Read Address: 0x05 Reset Value: 0x00 Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Field SQ7 SQ6 SQ5 SQ4 SQ3 SQ2 SQ1 SQ0 Data Type: Upper 8 bits of a 9-bit unsigned integer. USAGE: SQUAL (Surface Quality) is a measure of the number of valid features visible by the sensor in the current frame. The maximum SQUAL register value is 128. Since small changes in the current frame can result in changes in SQUAL, variations in SQUAL when looking at a surface are expected. The graph below shows few sequentially acquired SQUAL values, while a sensor was moved slowly over white paper. SQUAL is nearly equal to zero, if there is no surface below the sensor. SQUAL is typically maximized when the navigation surface is at the optimum distance from the imaging lens (the nominal Z-height). 60 SQUAL value 50 40 30 20 10 0 1 55 109 163 217 271 325 379 433 487 541 595 649 703 757 811 865 Count Figure 13. Squal values (white paper). 60 SQUAL count 50 40 Avg-3sigma 30 Avg 20 Avg+3sigma 10 0 1.6 1.8 2 2.2 2.4 2.6 2.8 3 3.2 3.4 Delta from Lens Reference Plane to Tracking Surface, Z (mm) Figure 14. Mean squal vs. Z (white paper). All rights strictly reserved any portion in this paper shall not be reproduced, copied or transformed to any other forms without permission. PixArt Imaging Inc. E-mail: [email protected] 20 PixArt Imaging Inc. ADNS-5050 Optical Mouse Sensor Shutter_Upper Access: Read Address: 0x06 Reset Value: 0x00 Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Field S15 S14 S13 S12 S11 S10 S9 S8 Shutter_Lower Access: Read Address: 0x07 Reset Value: 0x00 Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Field S7 S6 S5 S4 S3 S2 S1 S0 Data Type: Sixteen bit unsigned integer. USAGE: Units are clock cycles. They must be read in this order: Read 0x06 first, then 0x07. The shutter is continuously adjusted to keep the average and maximum pixel values within normal operating range. The shutter value is automatically adjusted. 70 60 Shutter value 50 40 30 20 10 0 1 47 93 139 185 231 277 323 369 415 461 507 553 599 645 691 737 783 829 875 Count Figure 15. Shutter (white paper). 200 Shutter value (Count) 150 Avg-3sigma Avg 100 Avg+3sigma 50 0 1.6 1.8 2 2.2 2.4 2.6 2.8 3 3.2 3.4 Distance from Lens Reference Plane to Tracking Surface, Z (mm) Figure 16. Mean shutter vs. Z (white paper). All rights strictly reserved any portion in this paper shall not be reproduced, copied or transformed to any other forms without permission. 21 PixArt Imaging Inc. E-mail: [email protected] PixArt Imaging Inc. ADNS-5050 Optical Mouse Sensor Maximum_Pixel Access: Read Address: 0x08 Reset Value: 0x00 Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Field MP0 MP6 MP5 MP4 MP3 MP2 MP1 MP0 Data Type: Seven-bit number. USAGE: Maximum Pixel value in current frame. Minimum value = 0, maximum value = 127. The maximum pixel value can vary with every frame. Pixel_Sum Access: Read Address: 0x09 Reset Value: 0x00 Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Field AP7 AP6 AP5 AP4 AP3 AP2 AP1 AP0 Data Type: High 8 bits of an unsigned 15-bit integer. USAGE: This register is the accumulated pixel value from the last image taken. The maximum accumulator value is 45,847, but only bits [14:7] are reported. It may be described as the full sum divided by 1.41. The maximum register value is 179. The minimum is 0. The pixel sum value can change on every frame Minimum_Pixel Access: Read Address: 0x0a Reset Value: 0x00 Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Field MP0 MP6 MP5 MP4 MP3 MP2 MP1 MP0 Data Type: Seven-bit number.. USAGE: Minimum Pixel value in current frame. Minimum value = 0, maximum value = 127. The minimum pixel value can vary with every frame. All rights strictly reserved any portion in this paper shall not be reproduced, copied or transformed to any other forms without permission. PixArt Imaging Inc. E-mail: [email protected] 22 PixArt Imaging Inc. ADNS-5050 Optical Mouse Sensor Pixel_Grab Access: Read/Write Address: 0x0b Reset Value: 0x00 Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Field Valid PD6 PD5 PD4 PD3 PD2 PD1 PD0 Data Type: Eight-bit word. USAGE: The pixel grabber captures 1 pixel per frame. If there is a valid pixel in the grabber when this register is read, the MSB will be set, an internal counter will incremented to capture the next pixel and the grabber will be armed to capture the next pixel. It will take 361 reads to upload the complete image. Any write to this register will reset and arm the grabber to grab pixel 0 on the next image. Physical Pixel Address Map – readout order of the array (looking through the sensor aperture at the bottom of the package) LAST PIXEL BOTTOM VIEW OF MOUSE TOP X-RAY VIEW OF MOUSE 18 37 56 75 94 113 132 151 170 189 208 227 246 265 284 303 322 341 360 17 36 55 74 93 112 131 150 169 188 207 226 245 264 283 302 321 340 359 16 35 54 73 92 111 130 149 168 187 206 225 244 263 282 301 320 339 358 LB 15 34 53 72 91 110 129 148 167 186 205 224 243 262 281 300 319 338 357 RB 14 33 52 71 90 109 128 147 166 185 204 223 242 261 280 299 318 337 356 13 32 51 70 89 108 127 146 165 184 203 222 241 260 279 298 317 336 355 POSITIVE Y 11 30 49 68 87 106 125 144 163 182 201 220 239 258 277 296 315 334 353 10 29 48 67 86 105 124 143 162 181 200 219 238 257 276 295 314 333 352 9 28 47 66 85 104 123 142 161 180 199 218 237 256 275 294 313 332 351 POSITIVE Y 12 31 50 69 88 107 126 145 164 183 202 221 240 259 278 297 316 335 354 4 5 3 8 27 46 65 84 103 122 141 160 179 198 217 236 255 274 293 312 331 350 7 26 45 64 83 102 121 140 159 178 197 216 235 254 273 292 311 330 349 6 25 44 63 82 101 120 139 158 177 196 215 234 253 272 291 310 329 348 7 5 24 43 62 81 100 119 138 157 176 195 214 233 252 271 290 309 328 347 8 4 23 42 61 80 99 118 137 156 175 194 213 232 251 270 289 308 327 346 3 22 41 60 79 98 117 136 155 174 193 212 231 250 269 288 307 326 345 2 21 40 59 78 97 116 135 154 173 192 211 230 249 268 287 306 325 344 1 20 39 58 77 96 115 134 153 172 191 210 229 248 267 286 305 324 343 0 19 38 57 76 95 114 133 152 171 190 209 228 247 266 285 304 323 342 FIRST PIXEL 6 2 1 POSITIVE X HOLE AT MOUSE BOTTOM COVER FOR LENS All rights strictly reserved any portion in this paper shall not be reproduced, copied or transformed to any other forms without permission. PixArt Imaging Inc. E-mail: [email protected] 23 POSITIVE X PixArt Imaging Inc. ADNS-5050 Optical Mouse Sensor Reserved Address: 0x0c Mouse_control Access: Read/Write Address: 0x0d Reset Value: 0x00 Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 Field Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved PD Data Type: Eight bit number USAGE: Resolution and Power Down information can be accessed or to be edited by this register. Field Name Description PD Power Down 0 = Normal 1 = Power Down RES Set resolution 0 = 500 cpi 1 = 1000 cpi Reserved Reserved All rights strictly reserved any portion in this paper shall not be reproduced, copied or transformed to any other forms without permission. PixArt Imaging Inc. E-mail: [email protected] 1 24 0 RES PixArt Imaging Inc. ADNS-5050 Optical Mouse Sensor Reserved Address: 0x0e-0x18 Mouse_Control2 Access: Write Address: 0x19 Reset Value: 0x08 Bit 7 6 5 4 Field Reserved Reserved Reserved RES_EN 3 2 1 0 RES RES RES RES Data Type: Eight bit number USAGE: Resolution information can be accessed or to be edited by this register. Field Name Description RES_EN = 0 Disable RES[3:0] setting. = 1 Enable RES[3:0] setting. RES [3:0] = 0b0001: 125 CPI = 0b0010: 250 CPI = 0b0011: 375 CPI = 0b0100: 500 CPI = 0b0101: 625 CPI = 0b0110: 750 CPI = 0b0111: 875 CPI = 0b1000: 1000 CPI = 0b1001: 1125 CPI = 0b1010: 1250 CPI = 0b1011: 1375 CPI NOTE: Bit 4 MUST be set to ‘1’ before the resolution set in this register takes effect. All rights strictly reserved any portion in this paper shall not be reproduced, copied or transformed to any other forms without permission. PixArt Imaging Inc. E-mail: [email protected] 25 PixArt Imaging Inc. ADNS-5050 Optical Mouse Sensor Reserved Address: 0x1a-0x21 LED_DC_Mode Access: Read/Write Address: 0x22 Reset Value: 0x00 Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Field LM7 LM 6 LM 5 LM 4 LM 3 LM 2 LM 1 LM 0 Data Type: 8-Bit unsigned integer USAGE: Write 0x80 to this register to force LED into Always DC mode. Reserved Address: 0x23-0x39 Chip_Reset Access: Write Address: 0x3a Reset Value: 0x00 Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Field CR7 CR 6 CR 5 CR 4 CR 3 CR 2 CR 1 CR 0 Data Type: 8-Bit unsigned integer USAGE: Write 0x5a to initiate chip RESET. Reserved Address: 0x23-0x39 Product_ID2 Access: Read Address: 0x3e Reset Value: 0x26 Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Field PID7 PID 6 PID 5 PID 4 PID 3 PID 2 PID 1 PID 0 Data Type: 8-Bit unsigned integer USAGE: This register contains a unique identification assigned to the ADNS-5050. The value in this register does not change; it can be used to verify that the serial communications link is functional. All rights strictly reserved any portion in this paper shall not be reproduced, copied or transformed to any other forms without permission. PixArt Imaging Inc. E-mail: [email protected] 26 PixArt Imaging Inc. ADNS-5050 Optical Mouse Sensor Inv_Rev_ID Access: Read Address: 0x3f Reset Value: 0xfe Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Field RRID7 RRID6 RRID5 RRID4 RRID3 RRID2 RRID1 RRID0 Data Type: 8-Bit unsigned integer USAGE: This register contains the inverse of the revision ID which is located at register 0x01.. Reserved Address: 0x40-0x62 Motion_Burst Access: Read Address: 0x63 Reset Value: 0x00 Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Field MB7 MB6 MB5 MB4 MB3 MB2 MB1 MB0 Data Type: Various. USAGE: Read from this register to activate burst mode. The sensor will return the data in the Delta_X, Delta_Y, SQUAL, Shutter_Upper, Shutter_Lower, Maximum_Pixel and Pixel_Sum. If the burst is not terminated at this point, the internal address counter stops incrementing and Pixel Sum register’s value will be continuously returned. Bursts are terminated when NCS is raised. All rights strictly reserved any portion in this paper shall not be reproduced, copied or transformed to any other forms without permission. PixArt Imaging Inc. E-mail: [email protected]