PIXART ADNS-8020

ADNS-8020
Track-on-Glass Laser Sensor
Data Sheet
Description
Features
The ADNS-8020 is the Track-on-Glass Laser navigation
sensor empowered by PixArt Imaging that enables
navigation on all surface types including glass. It is
capable of sensing mouse motion with velocities up to 30
inches per second (ips) on non-glass surfaces, 10 inches
per second (ips) on glass and acceleration up to 8g.
 Track on Glass and Laser technologies
The ADNS-8020 has dual power supplies of 1.8V and 3.0V,
which enables wireless application to lengthen battery
life. It integrates both sensor and VCSEL chips in a single
16-pin molded lead-frame DIP package. It is designed to
be used with ADNS-8100-002 lens to form a complete laser illuminated navigation system. These parts provide a
complete and compact navigation system without moving parts and laser calibration process is NOT required in
the complete mouse form, thus facilitating high volume
assembly. Performance is not guaranteed if the ADNS8020 sensor is paired with a lens other than the ADNS8100-002. Additionally, performance is not guaranteed if
the ADNS-8100-002 lens is used in conjunction with a different navigation sensor other than the ADNS-8020.
Theory of Operation
The sensor is based on Track-on-Glass and Laser
technologies, which measure changes in position by optically acquiring sequential surface images (frames) and
mathematically determining the direction and magnitude
of movement. It contains an Image Acquisition System
(IAS), a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), and a four wire serial port. The IAS acquires microscopic surface images via
the lens and illumination system provided by the VCSEL.
These images are processed by the DSP to determine the
direction and distance of motion. The DSP calculates the
Δx and Δy relative displacement values. An external microcontroller reads the Δx and Δy data information from
the sensor serial port, then translates the data into USB
or RF signals before sending them to the host PC or game
console.
 16-pin molded lead-frame DIP package with integrated
VCSEL
 Dual power operation, 1.8V and 3V
 High speed motion detection up to 30ips on non-glass
surfaces and 10ips on glass surface, and acceleration
up to 8g
 Enhanced SmartSpeed self-adjusting frame rate for
optimum performance
 Motion detect pin output
 16-bit motion data registers
 Internal oscillator – no resonator nor crystal needed
 Programmable resolution up to 1600cpi
 Four wire serial port
 Programmable rest downshift and rest period times
 Minimal number of passive components
 Compliance to IEC/EN 60825-1 Eye Safety
 Class 1 laser power output level
 On-chip laser fault detect circuitry
 Advanced technology 832-865 nm wavelength VCSEL
 Single-mode lasing operation
Applications
 Wired and Wireless Laser Mice
 Optical trackballs
NOTE: The ADNS-8020 will be referred as “sensor” and
the ADNS-8100-002 as “lens” hereafter.
All rights strictly reserved any portion in this paper shall not be reproduced, copied or transformed to any other forms without permission.
PixArt Imaging Inc.
E-mail: [email protected]
PixArt Imaging Inc.
Track-on-Glass Laser Sensor
Pinout
Pin
Name
Description
1
-VCSEL
Negative terminal of VCSEL
2
XY_LASER
Laser driver output
3
NC
No Connection
4
NCS
Chip select (Active Low Input)
5
MISO
Serial data output (Master In/Slave Out)
6
SCLK
Serial clock input
7
MOSI
Serial data input (Master Out/Slave In)
8
MOTION
Motion Detect (Active Low Output)
9
VDDIO
IO Voltage input (1.65-3.3V)
10
DGND
Digital Ground
11
VDD18
1.8V Input
12
VDD3
3V Input
13
AGND
Analog Ground
14
VDD3
3V Input
15
LASER_NEN
Laser enable (Active Low Output)
16
+VCSEL
Positive terminal of VCSEL
Pin 1
Pin 16
Date
Code
Item
Marking
Product Number
A8020
Date Code
XYYWWZV
X = Subcon Code
YYWW = Date Code
Z = Sensor Die Source
V = VCSEL Die Source
Lot Code
VVV
Numeric
Product
Number
Remarks
Pin 8
Pin 9
Lot Code
Figure 1. Device pin-out
All rights strictly reserved any portion in this paper shall not be reproduced, copied or transformed to any other forms without permission.
PixArt Imaging Inc.
E-mail: [email protected]
2
PixArt Imaging Inc.
Track-on-Glass Laser Sensor
NOTES:
1.0 Dimension in millimeters / inches
2.0 Linear dimension general tolerance: ± 0.10mm unless specified otherwise
3.0 Bracket in bracket () is for reference only
4.0 Maximum flash: 0.20mm
5.0 Lead pitch tolerance: ± 0.15mm
6.0 Angular tolerance: ± 3.0°
7.0 Coplanarity of lead: 0.10mm
8.0 Reference number: LSR_INT_16B_PKG_008
Figure 2. Package outline drawing
All rights strictly reserved any portion in this paper shall not be reproduced, copied or transformed to any other forms without permission.
PixArt Imaging Inc.
E-mail: [email protected]
3
4
Important Note: PixArt does provide 3D model drawing with the recommended mechanical specification. Please do request if from regional FAE.
Should these mechanical specifications are not adhered to PixArt cannot be held responsible for sensor performance.
Figure 3. 2D Assembly drawing of sensor and lens coupled with PCB and base plate (Dimensions are for reference only)
PixArt Imaging Inc.
Track-on-Glass Laser Sensor
Figure 4. Recommended PCB Mechanical Cutouts and Spacing
All rights strictly reserved any portion in this paper shall not be reproduced, copied or transformed to any other forms without permission.
PixArt Imaging Inc.
E-mail: [email protected]
5
Assembly Recommendations
VDD3
VDD3
VDD1.8
VDDIO
Image
Oscillator
6
NCS
SCLK
MOSI
MISO
MOTION
DGND
LASER Drive
+VCSEL
VCSEL
LASER_NEN
XY_LASER
-VCSEL
Figure 5. Block diagram of sensor
Regulatory Requirements
 Passes FCC B and worldwide analogous emission limits
when assembled into a mouse and following PixArt
recommendations.
 Passes IEC-1000-4-3 radiated susceptibility level
when assembled into a mouse following PixArt
recommendations.
 Passes IEC-61000-4-2 Electrostatic Discharge Immunity
Test (ESD) and provides sufficient ESD creepage/
clearance distance to withstand discharge up to 15kV
when assembled into a mouse according to usage
instructions above.
 Passes IEC/EN 60825-1 Eye Safety Class 1 when
operating with the laser output power pre-calibrated
by PixArt Imaging without external hardware and
software control of laser current.
Design Considerations for Improving ESD Performance
For improved electrostatic discharge performance, typical
creepage and clearance distance are shown in the table
below. Assumption: base plate construction as per the
PixArt supplied 3D model file when use with the lens. The
lens can be sealed (i.e. glued) to the base plate. Note that
the lens material is polycarbonate and therefore, cyanoacrylate based adhesives or other adhesives that may damage the lens should NOT be used.
Typical Distance
In millimeters (mm)
Creepage
7.12
Clearance
3.80
All rights strictly reserved any portion in this paper shall not be reproduced, copied or transformed to any other forms without permission.
PixArt Imaging Inc.
E-mail: [email protected]
Serial Port and Register
AGND
Power and control
1. Insert the sensor package and all other electrical
components into the application PCB.
2. Wave-solder the entire assembly in a no-wash
soldering process utilizing a solder fixture. The solder
fixture is needed to protect the sensor during the
solder process. The fixture should be designed to
expose the sensor leads to solder while shielding the
optical aperture from direct solder contact.
NOTE: Sensor package does not support IR reflow
soldering process.
3. Place the lens onto the base plate. Care must be taken
to avoid contamination on the optical surfaces.
4. Remove the protective kapton tapes from the optical
aperture of the sensor and VCSEL respectively. Care
must be taken to keep contaminants from entering the
aperture.
5. Insert the PCB assembly over the lens onto the base
plate. The sensor package should self-align to the lens.
The optical position reference for the PCB is set by the
base plate and lens. The alignment guide post of the
lens locks the lens and sensor package together. Note
that the PCB motion due to button presses must be
minimized to maintain optical alignment.
6. Optional: The lens can be permanently locked to the
sensor package by melting the lens’ guide posts over
the sensor with heat staking process. Press down with
a force value of between 500gf - 1kgf to ensure good
mating between lens and sensor package. The gap
between the lens and sensor after heat stake process
must be less than 80 micron.
7. Install the mouse top case. There must be a feature in
the top case (or other area) to press down onto the
sensor to ensure the sensor and lenses are interlocked
to the correct vertical height.
8. Susceptibility of VCSEL to Delamination Failure. The
moisture sensitive component VCSEL device is not
handled in accordance with the MSL 3 requirements
an increased chance of VCSEL failure is present.
Sensor
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PixArt Imaging Inc.
Track-on-Glass Laser Sensor
Eye Safety
The following conditions are applied during LOP testing:
The sensor and the associated components in the schematic of Figure 6 are intended to comply with Class 1 Eye
Safety Requirements of IEC/EN 60825-1. PixArt Imaging
calibrates the sensor’s laser output power (LOP) to
Class 1 eye safety level and store the registers values that
control the LOP prior shipping out, thus no LOP calibration is required in complete mouse system at manufacturer site.
 The system is operated at the typical recommended
operating supply voltage and temperature of 25°C ±
5°C.
The sensor is designed to maintain the laser output power
using the lens within Class 1 Eye Safety requirements over
components manufacturing tolerances under the recommended operating conditions and application circuits of
Figure 6 as specified in this document. Under normal operating conditions, the sensor generates the drive current
for the VCSEL. Increasing the LOP by other means on hardware and software can result in a violation of the Class 1
eye safety limit of 716μW. For more information, please
refer to Eye Safety Application Note.
Laser Power Adjustment Procedure
Laser Drive Mode
The laser is pulsed automatically during Run and Rest
modes. For testing purpose, the laser can be set to continuous ON mode for laser output power measurement.
The default setting of laser is in Forced_Disable mode
during which the laser is turned OFF. The laser have to be
turned ON during power up sequence by setting Forced_
Disabled bit (Bit-0) of LASER_CTRL0 register to 0.
 The VDD3 value is no greater than 300mV above the
typical recommended operating conditions.
 No allowance for optical power meter accuracy is
assumed.
The PixArt pre-calibrated laser settings will always be
loaded automatically into the SPI Laser registers: LASER_CTRL0, LASER_CTRL1, LP_CFG0 and LP_CFG1 upon
the SROM is successfully downloaded into the sensor. For
testing purpose, the pre-calibrated laser settings can be
overwritten by changing the SPI laser registers with new
laser setting after SROM download.
1.
The ambient temperature should be 25°C ± 5°C.
2.
Set VDD3 to the typical recommended operating
voltage.
3.
Power up,reset the sensor and download SROM
4.
Enable the Calibration mode by writing 010b to Bit[3, 2, 1] of LASER_CTRL0 register to set the laser to
continuous ON mode.
5.
Set the Range bit (Bit-7) of LASER_CTRL0 register to 0.
6.
Set the Range_C bit (Bit-7) of LASER_CTRL1
complement to setting of Range bit in LASER_CTRL0
register.
7.
To turn on the laser, set the Forced_Disabled bit (Bit-0)
of LASER_CTRL0 register to 0 and set Bit-6 of LASER_
CTRL1 register to 1.
8.
Set the laser current to the minimum value by writing
0x00 to LP_CFG0 register and the complementary
value 0xFF to LP_CFG1 register.
9.
Program LP_CFG0 and LP_CFG1 registers with
increasing values to achieve an output power as close
to 506μW as possible without exceeding it for Eye
Safety Class 1 classification.
Disabling the Laser
LASER_NEN is connected to the gate of a P-channel MOSFET transistor, which, when ON connect VDD3 to the laser.
In normal operation, the LASER_NEN is low. In the case of
a fault condition, LASER_NEN goes high to turn the transistor off and disconnects VDD3 from the laser. PixArt
recommends the microcontroller host resets the sensor
when FAULT bit (Bit-6) of Motion register is set.
Laser Output Power (LOP) Testing
The pre-calibrated LOP can be measured for testing purpose as per steps below
1. Power up, reset the sensor and download SROM.
2. Enable the laser by setting Forced_Disabled bit of
LASER_CTL0 register to 0.
3. Enable the Calibration mode by writing 010b to bits
[3,2,1] of LASER_CTL0 register to set the laser to
continuous ON mode.
4. Measure the LOP at the navigation surface plane.
10. If this power is obtained, the laser power adjustment
is completed.
11. If it was not possible to achieve the power target, set
the laser current to the minimum value by writing
0x00 to LP_CFG0 register and the complementary
value 0xFF to LP_CFG1 register.
12. Set the Range and Range_C bits in LASER_CTRL0 and
LASER_CTRL1 to 1 and 0 respectively, to choose to
the higher laser current range.
13. Program LP_CFG0 and LP_CFG1 registers with
increasing values to achieve an output power as close
to 506μW as possible without exceeding it.
All rights strictly reserved any portion in this paper shall not be reproduced, copied or transformed to any other forms without permission.
9
PixArt Imaging Inc.
E-mail: [email protected]
PixArt Imaging Inc.
Track-on-Glass Laser Sensor
Single Fault Detection
The sensor is able to detect a short circuit or fault condition at its internal laser’s cathode node, which could lead
to excessive laser output power. A leakage path to ground
on this node will trigger the fault detection circuit, which
will turn off the laser drive current source and set the internal signal of LASER_NEN output high. The system will
prevent excessive laser power by shutting off the laser.
In addition to the ground path fault detection described
above, the fault detection circuit is periodically checking
for proper operation by internally generating a path to
ground with the laser turned off via LASER_NEN. If the laser cathode is shorted to VDD3, this test will fail and will
be reported as a fault.
VDD3
Microcontroller
S
LASER DRIVER
LASER_NEN
G
P_MOSFET
VDD3
D
fault control
block
Serial Port
-VCSEL
voltage sense
+VCSEL
VCSEL
current set
22nF
GND
Figure 7. Single Fault Detection and Eye-safety Feature Block Diagram
All rights strictly reserved any portion in this paper shall not be reproduced, copied or transformed to any other forms without permission.
PixArt Imaging Inc.
E-mail: [email protected]
10
PixArt Imaging Inc.
Track-on-Glass Laser Sensor
Absolute Maximum Ratings
Parameter
Symbol
Min.
Storage Temperature
TS
-40
Lead-Free Solder
Temperature
Power Supply Voltage
Max.
Units
85
C
260
C
VDD3
-0.5
3.4
Volts
VDD1.8
-0.5
2.1
Volts
VDDIO
-0.5
3.4
Volts
ESD (Human Body Model)
ESD
Input Voltage
VIN
Laser Output Power
LOPMAX
VCSEL forward current
If
2
-0.5
Notes
For 7 seconds, 1.8mm below seating plane. Refer
to wave soldering profile in PCB Assembly & Soldering Considerations Application Note AN-5023.
kV
All Pins
VDDIO +0.5 Volts
716
μW
7
mA
All I/O Pins
Class 1 Eye Safety AEL limit
Notes:
1. Stresses greater than those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are the stress ratings
only and functional operation of the device at these or any other condition beyond those indicated for extended period of time may affect device
reliability.
2. The inherent design of this component causes it to be sensitive to electrostatic discharge. The ESD threshold is listed above. To prevent ESDinduced damage, take adequate ESD precautions when handling this product.
Recommended Operating Conditions
Parameter
Symbol
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Units
Notes
Operating Temperature
TA
40
C
Power Supply Voltage
VDD3
2. 8
3.0
3.3
Volts
VDD1.8
1.7
1.8
2
Volts
VDDIO
1.65
3.3
Volts
Including noise. If operate outside the
range, there is neither assurance of any
function nor assurance of any parametric
limits except for IDD ramp.
VRT3
0.25
1000
ms
0 to 3.0V
Power Supply Rise Time
0
Supply Noise (Sinusoidal)
VNA
100
mVp-p
10kHz-50MHz
Serial Port Clock Frequency
fSCLK
2
MHz
Active drive, 50% duty cycle
Distance From Lens Reference
Plane To Navigation Surface
Z_REF
2.6
mm
Refer to Figure 3
Distance from Lens Lowest
Point to Navigation Surface
Z_LP
mm
Refer to Figure 3
Speed
S
30
10
ips
ips
Non-glass surfaces
Reference glass of min 5mm thickness
Acceleration
A
8
g
Load Capacitance
Cload
100
pF
VCSEL Peak Wavelength
λ
865
nm
2.2
2.4
2.2
832
MOTION, MISO
Note: This sensor is designed to work on glass with a thickness of at least 5mm. Most glass surfaces provide enough microscopic
features to allow tracking. It will not work on glass that is perfectly clean and virtually scratch-free.
The minimum requirements for the sensor to work reliably on glass is there must be at least 50 features/mm2 at the minimum of 6
μm width and 2 μm depth.
All rights strictly reserved any portion in this paper shall not be reproduced, copied or transformed to any other forms without permission.
PixArt Imaging Inc.
E-mail: [email protected]
11
PixArt Imaging Inc.
Track-on-Glass Laser Sensor
AC Electrical Specifications
Electrical Characteristics over recommended operating conditions. (Typical values at 25 °C, VDD3 = 3.0V, VDD1.8 = 1.8V,
VDDIO=1.8V)
Parameter
Symbol
Min.
Motion Delay After Reset
tMOT-RST
50
Shutdown
tSTDWN
Wake From Shutdown
tWAKEUP
Forced Rest Enable
tREST-EN
Wake From Forced Rest
tREST-DIS
Typ.
Max. Units Notes
ms
From reset to valid motion, assuming motion is present
s
From Shutdown mode active to low current
ms
From Shutdown mode inactive to valid motion.
Notes: A RESET must be asserted after a shutdown.
Refer to section “Notes on Shutdown and Forced Rest”,
also note tMOT-RST
1
s
From Force Rest set to low current
1
s
From Force Rest cleared to valid motion
500
50
MISO Rise Time
tr-MISO
50
200
ns
CL = 100pF
MISO Fall Time
tf-MISO
50
200
ns
CL = 100pF
MISO Delay After SCLK
tDLY-MISO
120
ns
From SCLK falling edge to MISO data valid,
no load conditions
MISO Hold Time
thold-MISO
200
ns
Data held until next falling SCLK edge
MOSI Hold Time
thold-MOSI
200
ns
Amount of time data is valid after SCLK rising edge
MOSI Setup Time
tsetup-MOSI
120
ns
From data valid to SCLK rising edge
SPI Time Between
Write Commands
tSWW
180
s
From rising SCLK for last bit of the first data byte,
to rising SCLK for last bit of the second data byte.
SPI Time Between Write
And Read Commands
tSWR
180
s
From rising SCLK for last bit of the first data byte,
to rising SCLK for last bit of the second address byte.
SPI Time Between Read
And Subsequent Commands
tSRW
tSRR
20
s
From rising SCLK for last bit of the first data byte,
to falling SCLK for the first bit of the address byte
of the next command.
SPI Read Address-Data
Delay
tSRAD
160
s
From rising SCLK for last bit of the address byte,
to falling SCLK for first bit of data being read.
NCS Inactive After
Motion Burst
tBEXIT
500
ns
Minimum NCS inactive time after motion burst
before next SPI usage
NCS To SCLK Active
tNCS-SCLK
120
ns
From last NCS falling edge to first SCLK rising edge
SCLK To NCS Inactive
(For Read Operation)
tSCLK-NCS
120
ns
From last SCLK rising edge to NCS rising edge,
for valid MISO data transfer
SCLK To NCS Inactive
(For Write Operation)
tSCLK-NCS
20
s
From last SCLK rising edge to NCS rising edge,
for valid MOSI data transfer
NCS To MISO High-Z
tNCS-MISO
500
ns
From NCS rising edge to MISO high-Z state
MOTION Rise Time
tr-MOTION
50
200
ns
CL = 100pF
MOTION Fall Time
tf-MOTION
50
200
ns
CL = 100pF
Transient Supply Current
IDDT3
70
mA
Max supply current during VDD3 ramps from 0 to 3.0V
IDDT1.8
60
mA
Max supply current during VDD1.8 ramps from 0 to 1.8V
IDDTIO
70
mA
Max supply current during VDDIO ramps from 0 to 3.0V
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PixArt Imaging Inc.
Track-on-Glass Laser Sensor
DC Electrical Specifications
Electrical Characteristics over recommended operating conditions. (Typical values at 25 °C, VDD3=3.0 V, VDD1.8 = 1.8 V,
VDDIO= 1.8V), on white paper with laser pre calibrated values.
Parameter
Symbol
VDD3 DC
Supply Current
IDD3_RUN_NG
Units
Notes
0.8
mA
IDD3_RUN_G
4.6
mA
IDD3_REST1_NG
65
uA
Average current of VDD3 includes laser
current on:
IDD3_XXX_NG: Non-glass surfaces
IDD3_REST1_G
295
uA
IDD3_REST2_NG
20
uA
IDD3_REST2_G
65
uA
IDD3_REST3_NG
9
uA
IDD3_REST3_G
17
uA
IDD1.8_RUN_NG
3.2
mA
IDD1.8_RUN_G
4.2
mA
IDD1.8_REST1_NG
205
uA
IDD1.8_REST1_G
250
uA
IDD1.8_REST2_NG
50
uA
IDD1.8_REST2_G
55
uA
IDD1.8_REST3_NG
15
uA
IDD1.8_REST3_G
16
uA
VDD3 DC Supply
Current for Fast
Frame Mode
IDD3_FF
2.3
mA
VDD1.8 DC Supply
Current for Fast
Frame Mode
IDD1.8_FF
9.6
mA
Shutdown
Supply Current
IDD3_STDWN
6
25
uA
IDD1.8_STDWN
8
65
uA
NCS, SCLK, MOSI = VDDIO
MISO = GND
0.3*VDDIO
V
SCLK, MOSI, NCS
V
SCLK, MOSI, NCS
mV
SCLK, MOSI, NCS
A
Vin = 0.7*VDDIO , SCLK, MOSI, NCS
V
Iout=1mA, MISO, MOTION
V
Iout=-1mA, MISO, MOTION
V
Iout= 1mA, LASER_NEN
V
Iout= -0.5mA, LASER_NEN
pF
MOSI, NCS, SCLK
VDD1.8 DC
Supply Current
Min.
Typ.
Input Low Voltage
VIL
Input High Voltage
VIH
Input Hysteresis
VI_HYS
100
1
Input Leakage Current
Ileak
Output Low Voltage,
MISO, MOTION
VOL
Output High Voltage
MISO, MOTION
VOH
Output Low Voltage,
LASER_NEN
VOL
Output High Voltage,
LASER_NEN
VOH
Input Capacitance
Cin
Max.
0.7*VDDIO
10
0.3*VDDIO
0.7*VDDIO
0.3*VDD3
0.7*VDD3
10
IDD3_XXX_G: Glass reference surface
No load on MISO, MOTION
Average current of VDD1.8 on:
IDD1.8_XXX_NG: Non-glass surfaces
IDD1.8_XXX_G: Glass reference surface
No load on MISO, MOTION
Highly reflective surfaces (White tile &
Glossy Formica) and Glossy Magazine.
For typical rest mode current consumption refer to non glass mode.
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PixArt Imaging Inc.
Track-on-Glass Laser Sensor
Synchronous Serial Port
Motion Pin Timing
The synchronous serial port is used to set and read parameters in the sensor, and to read out the motion information. The serial port is also used to load SROM data into
the sensor.
The motion pin is an active low output that signals the micro-controller when motion has occurred. The motion pin
is lowered whenever the motion bit is set; in other words,
whenever there is non-zero data in the Delta_X or Delta_Y
registers. Clearing the motion bit (by reading Delta_X and
Delta_Y, or writing to the Motion register) will put the motion pin high. The motion pin can also return high if either
one or both the Delta_X and Delta_Y registers were nonzero (motion pin low) and then subsequently both registers return to zero data (motion pin high). For example
if there is minute motion that causes one or both delta
registers to go to one count (motion pin low) and then
subsequently both registers returning back to zero count
(motion pin high).
The port is a four wire port. The host micro-controller always initiates communication; the sensor never initiates
data transfers. SCLK, MOSI, and NCS may be driven directly by a micro-controller. The port pins may be shared
with other SPI slave devices. When the NCS pin is high, the
inputs are ignored and the MISO is tri-stated as long as the
supplies valid.
The lines that comprise the SPI port are:
SCLK:
Clock input. It is always generated by the master
(the micro-controller).
MOSI:
Input data. (Master Out/Slave In)
MISO:
Output data. (Master In/Slave Out)
NCS:
Chip select input (active low).
NCS needs to be low to activate the serial port;
otherwise, MISO will be high Z, and MOSI & SCLK
will be ignored.
NCS can also be used to reset the serial port in case
of an error.
Chip Select Operation
SCLK
The serial port is activated after NCS goes low. If NCS is
raised during a transaction, the entire transaction is aborted and the serial port will be reset. This is true for all transactions including PROM download. After a transaction is
aborted, the normal address-to-data or transaction-totransaction delay is still required before beginning the
next transaction. To improve communication reliability,
all serial transactions should be framed by NCS. In other
words, the port should not remain enabled during periods of non-use because ESD and EFT/B events could be
interpreted as serial communication and put the chip into
an unknown state. In addition, NCS must be raised after
each burst-mode transaction is complete to terminate
burst-mode. The port is not available for further use until
burst-mode is terminated.
Write Operation
Write operation, defined as data going from the microcontroller to the sensor, is always initiated by the microcontroller and consists of two bytes. The first byte contains
the address (seven bits) and has a “1” as its MSB to indicate
data direction. The second byte contains the data. The
sensor reads MOSI on rising edges of SCLK.
MOSI
t Hold,MOSI
t setup,
MOSI
Figure 8 MOSI Setup and Hold Time
NCS
1
2
3
4
5
1
A6
A5
A4
A3
6
7
8
9
A1
A0
D7
10
11
12
13
D4
D3
14
15
16
1
2
D1
D0
1
A6
SCLK
MOSI
A2
D6
D5
D2
MISO
MOSI Driven by Micro-Controller
Figure 9. Write Operation
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14
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Track-on-Glass Laser Sensor
Read Operation
A read operation, defined as data going from the sensor to the micro-controller, is always initiated by the micro-controller and consists of two bytes. The first byte contains the address, is sent by the micro-controller over MOSI, and has a “0”
as its MSB to indicate data direction. The second byte contains the data and is driven by the sensor over MISO. The sensor
outputs MISO bits on falling edges of SCLK and samples MOSI bits on every rising edge of SCLK.
NOTE:
The minimum high state of SCLK is also the minimum MISO data hold time of the sensor. Since the falling edge of SCLK
is actually the start of the next read or write command, the sensor will hold the state of data on MISO until the falling
edge of SCLK.
SCLK
tDLY-MISO
tHOLD-MISO
MISO
D0
Figure 10. MISO Delay and Hold Time
NCS
SCLK
Cycle
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
A6
A5
A4
A3
A2
A1
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
SCLK
MOSI
0
A0
D7
MISO
D6
tSRAD delay
Figure 11. Read Operation
Required timing between Read and Write Commands (tsxx)
There are minimum timing requirements between read and write commands on the serial port.
tSWW
SCLK
Address
Data
Write O peration
Address
Data
Write O peration
Figure 12. Timing between two write commands
If the rising edge of the SCLK for the last data bit of the second write command occurs before the tsww delay, then the
first write command may not complete correctly.
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PixArt Imaging Inc.
Track-on-Glass Laser Sensor
tSWR
SCLK
Address
Data
Address
Next Read Operation
Write Operation
Figure 13. Timing between write and read commands
tSRW & t SRR
tSRAD for read
SCLK
Address
Data
Address
Next Read or
Write Operation
Read Operation
Figure 14. Timing between read and either write or subsequent read commands
If the rising edge of SCLK for the last address bit of the
read command occurs before the tswr required delay,
the write command may not complete correctly. During
a read operation, SCLK should be delayed at least tSRAD
after the last address data bit to ensure that the sensor has
time to prepare the requested data.
The falling edge of SCLK for the first address bit of either
the read or write command must be at least tSRR or tSRW
after the last SCLK rising edge of the last data bit of the
previous read operation. In addition, during a read operation SCLK should be delayed after the last address data
bit to ensure that the sensor has time to prepare the requested data.
Burst Mode Operation
Burst mode is a special serial port operation mode which
may be used to reduce the serial transaction time for three
predefined operations: motion read and PROM download
and frame capture. The speed improvement is achieved
by continuous data clocking to or from multiple registers without the need to specify the register address, and
by not requiring the normal delay period between data
bytes.
Motion Read
Reading the Motion_Burst register activates this mode.
The sensor will respond with the following motion burst
report in order.
BYTE[00] = Motion
BYTE[01] = Observation
BYTE[02] = Delta_X_L
BYTE[03] = Delta_X_H
BYTE[04] = Delta_Y_L
16
BYTE[05] = Delta_Y_H
BYTE[06] = SQUAL
BYTE[07] = Pixel_Sum
BYTE[08] = Maximum_Pixel
BYTE[09] = Minimum_Pixel
BYTE[10] = Shutter_Upper
BYTE[11] = Shutter_Lower
NOTE: Motion burst data can be read from the Motion_
Burst register even in run or rest mode.
After sending the register address, the micro-controller
must wait one frame, and then begin reading data. All
data bits can be read with no delay between bytes by driving SCLK at the normal rate. The data are latched into the
output buffer after the last address bit is received. After
the burst transmission is complete, the micro-controller
must raise the NCS line for at least tBEXIT to terminate
burst mode. The serial port is not available for use until
it is reset with NCS, even for a second burst transmission.
Procedure to start motion burst,
1. Lower NCS
2. Send 0x50 to Motion_Burst.
3. Wait for TSRAD.
4. Start reading SPI Data continuously up to 12bytes,
Motion burst may be terminated by pulling NCS high.
5. To read new motion burst data, repeat from step 1.
6. Write any value to Motion register to clear any residual
motion if desired.
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PixArt Imaging Inc.
Track-on-Glass Laser Sensor
SROM Download
This function is used to load the PixArt supplied firmware file contents into the sensor after sensor power up
sequence. The firmware file is an ASCII text file.
SROM download procedure:
1. Write 0x05 to Power_Up_Reset register
2. Wait for at least 50 ms.
3. Write 0x1d to SROM_Enable register for initializing
4. Wait for 10 ms.
5. Write 0x18 to SROM_Enable register again to start SROM download
6. Write SROM file into SROM_Load_Burst register, 1st data must be download before SROM starts running.
exit burst mod
tBEXIT •μs
NCS
SROM_Enable reg write
SROM_Enable reg write
address key data
MOSI
SROM_Load reg
address
byte 1
byte 2
byte 3070
address
enter burst
mode
• frame
period
SCLK
tNCS-SCLK
>120ns
•0μs
•0μs
•5μs
•5μs
•μs
Soonest to read
SROM_ID
Figure 15. SROM Download Burst Mode
exit burst mode
tBEXIT •μs
NCS
2 reg write to enter
frame capture mode
MOSI
address
frame capture
address
pixel dump reg read
address
data
enter burst
mode
soonest to begin
again
SCLK
tNCS-SCLK
>120ns
MISO
Wait for 2
frames
tLOAD
tSRAD
•μs
P1
P2
P484
Figure 16. Frame Capture Burst Mode
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17
•μs
PixArt Imaging Inc.
Track-on-Glass Laser Sensor
Frame Capture
This is a fast way to download a full array of pixel values
from a single frame. This mode disables navigation and
overwrites any downloaded firmware. A hardware reset is
required to restore navigation, and the firmware must be
reloaded.
Procedure of Frame Capture:
To trigger the capture, write to the Frame_Capture register. The next available complete 1 frame image will be
stored to memory. The data are retrieved by reading the
Pixel_Burst register once using the normal read method,
after which the remaining bytes are clocked out by driving
SCLK at the normal rate. If the Pixel_Burst register is read
before the data is ready, it will return all zeros.
3. Disable rest modes by setting REST_EN = 0 (Bit-5) of
Configuration_II register
NOTE: Manual reset and SROM download are needed after
Frame Capture to restore navigation for motion reading.
1. The sensor should have powered up and reset correctly.
2. Enable laser by setting Forced_Disable bit (Bit-0) of
LASER_CTRL0 register to 0.
4. Write 0x93 to Frame_Capture register.
5. Write 0xc5 to Frame_Capture register.
6. Wait for 20ms
7. Check for first pixel by reading bit zero of Motion
register. If =1, first pixel is available.
8. Continue read from Pixel_Burst register until all 484
pixels are transferred.
9. Continue step 4-8 to capture another frame.
Top Xray View of Mouse
Positive Y
LB
RB
Positive X
1
16
8
9
Expanded view of the surface as viewed
through the lens
First output
0
1
2
22
23
24
44
45
t
66
67
t
88
89
t
110 132 154 176 198
111 133 155 177 199
20
21
42
43
64
65
86
87
108 130 152 174 196 218
109 131 153 175 197 219
220 242 264 286 308 330 352 374 396 418 440 462
221 243 265 287 309 331 353 375 397 419 441 463
240 262 284 306 328 350
241 263 285 307 329 351
etc.
t
t
t 459 481
372 394 416 438 460 482
373 395 417 439 461 483
Last output
Figure 17. Pixel Address Map (surface referenced)
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PixArt Imaging Inc.
Track-on-Glass Laser Sensor
Power Up
Shutdown
The sensor does not perform an internal power up selfreset; the Power_Up_Reset register must be written every
time power is applied. The appropriate sequence is as follows:
The sensor can be set in Shutdown mode by writing to
Shutdown register. The SPI port should not be accessed
when Shutdown mode is asserted, except for the powerup command (writing 0x5a to register 0x3a). (Other ICs on
the same SPI bus can be accessed, as long as the sensor’s
NCS pin is not asserted.)
1. Apply power to VDD3, VDD1.8 and VDDIO in any order,
with a delay of no more than 100ms in between each
supply. (VDD3 should not be grounded while VDD1.8 is
applied). Ensure all supplies are stable.
2. Drive NCS high, and then low to reset the SPI port.
3. Write 0x5a to Power_Up_Reset register
1. Drive NCS high, and then low to reset the SPI port.
2. Write 0x5a to Power_Up_Reset register.
3. Wait for at least 50 ms.
4. Wait for at least 50 ms.
5. Read from registers 0x02, 0x03, 0x04, 0x05 and 0x06
(or read these same 5 bytes from burst motion register)
one time regardless of the motion pin state
6. SROM download.
7. Enable laser by setting Forced_Disable bit (Bit-0) of
LASER_CTRL0 register to 0.
8. Load configuration for other registers
4. Read from registers 0x02, 0x03, 0x04, 0x05 and 0x06
(or read these same 5 bytes from burst motion register)
one time regardless of the motion pin state.
5. SROM download.
6. Enable laser by setting Forced_Disable bit (Bit-0) of
LASER_CTRL0 register (address 0x20) to 0.
7. Any non-default register setting must then be reloaded.
NOTES:
During power-up there will be a period of time after the
power supply is high but before normal operation. The
table below shows the state of the various pins during
power-up and reset.
1. Manual reset and SROM download are needed after
Frame Capture to restore navigation for motion
reading.
2. There are long wakeup times from Shutdown and
forced Rest. These features should not be used for
power management during normal mouse motion.
State of Signal Pins After VDD is Valid
NCS High
before
Reset
To deassert Shutdown mode:
NCS Low
before
Reset
After Reset
Functional
Pin
On PowerUp
NCS
Functional High
Low
MISO
Undefined Hi-Z
Functional Depends
on NCS
The table below shows the state of various pins during
shutdown.
Pin
Status when Shutdown Mode
NCS
High*1
SCLK
Ignored
Ignored
Functional Depends
on NCS
MISO
Hi-Z *2
SCLK
Ignore if NCS = 1 *3
MOSI
Ignored
Ignored
Functional Depends
on NCS
MOSI
Ignore if NCS = 1 *4
MOTION
Undefined Undefined Undefined Functional
MOTION
High
LASER_
NEN
Undefined Undefined Undefined Functional
*1 NCS pin must be held to 1 (high) if SPI bus is shared with
other devices. It is recommended to hold to 1 (high)
during Shutdown unless powering up the Sensor. It
must be held to 0 (low) if the sensor is to be re-powered
up from shutdown.
*2 MISO should be either pull up or down during
shutdown in order to meet the low power consumption
specification in the datasheet.
*3 SCLK is ignored if NCS is 1 (high). It is functional if NCS
is 0 (low).
*4 MOSI is ignored if NCS is 1 (high). If NCS is 0 (low), any
commands sent on the MOSI pin will be ignored except
the power-up command).
19
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Track-on-Glass Laser Sensor
Registers Summary
The sensor registers are accessible via the serial port. The registers are used to read motion data and status as well as to
set the device configuration.
Address
Register (Before SROM download)
Access (Read = R, Write = W or Read/Write = R/W)
Reset Value
0x00
0x01
0x02
0x03
0x04
0x05
0x06
0x07
0x08
0x09
0x0a
0x0b
0x0c
0x0d – 0x0e
0x0f
0x10
0x11
0x12
0x13
0x14
0x15
0x16
0x17
0x18
0x19
0x1a – 0x1f
0x20
0x21
0x22
0x23
0x24
0x25
0x26
0x27- 0x29
0x2a
0x2b - 0x39
0x3a
0x3b
0x3c - 0x3e
0x3f
0x40 - 0x4f
0x50
0x51-0x61
0x62
0x63
0x64
Product_ID
Revision_ID
MOTION
Delta_X_L
Delta_X_H
Delta_Y_L
Delta_Y_H
SQUAL
Pixel_Sum
Maximum_Pixel
Minimum_Pixel
Shutter_Lower
Shutter_Upper
Reserved
Configuration_I
Configuration_II
Reserved
Frame_Capture
SROM_Enable
Run_Downshift
Rest1_Rate
Rest1_Downshift
Rest2_Rate
Rest2_Downshift
Rest3_Rate
Reserved
LASER_CTRL0
LASER_CTRL1
LP_CFG0
LP_CFG1
Observation
Data_Out_Lower
Data_Out_Upper
Reserved
SROM_ID
Reserved
Power_Up_Reset
Shutdown
Reserved
Inverse_Product_ID
Reserved
Motion_Burst
Reserved
SROM_Load_Burst
Reserved
Pixel_Burst
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
0x3a
0x02
0x02
0x00
0x00
0x00
0x00
0x00
0x00
0x00
0x00
Undefined
Undefined
R/W
R/W
0x0a
0x28
R/W
W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
0x00
Undefined
0x7d
0x01
0x7d
0x09
0x5e
0x31
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R
R
Undefined
Undefined
Undefined
Undefined
0x00
Undefined
Undefined
R
0x00
W
W
Undefined
Undefined
R
0xc5
R
0x00
W
Undefined
R
0x00
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Track-on-Glass Laser Sensor
Product_ID
Address: 0x00
Access: R
Reset Value: 0x3a
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
PID7
PID6
PID5
PID4
PID3
PID2
PID1
PID0
Data Type: 8-bit unsigned integer
USAGE:
This value is a unique identification assigned to this model only. The value in this register does not change;
it can be used to verify that the serial communications link is functional.
Revision_ID
Address: 0x01
Access: R
Reset Value: 0x02
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
RID7
RID6
RID5
RID4
RID3
RID2
RID1
RID0
Data Type: 8-bit unsigned integer
USAGE:
This register contains the current IC revision, the revision of the permanent internal firmware. It is subject to
change when new IC versions are released.
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PixArt Imaging Inc.
Track-on-Glass Laser Sensor
MOTION
Address: 0x02
Access: R
Reset Value: 0x00
Bit
7
6
Field
MOT FAULT
5
4
3
2
LP_Valid
Reserved
Reserved OP_Mode1
1
OP_Mode0
0
FRAME_Pix_First
Data Type: Bit field
USAGE:
MOTION register 0x02 allows the user to determine if motion has occurred since the last time it was read. If
the MOT bit is set, Delta_X_L, Delta_X_H, Delta_Y_L and Delta_Y_H registers should be read in sequence
to get the accumulated motion. (Note: Read register Delta_X_L before the subsequently read Delta_X_H,
Delta_Y_L and Delta_Y_H registers in order to freeze Delta_X_H, Delta_Y_L and Delta_Y_H register values).
Writing anything to MOTION register 0x02 clears the entire register, Delta_X_L, Delta_X_H, Delta_Y_L and
Delta_Y_H registers. The written data byte is not saved.
This register also indicates if a laser fault was detected.
Field Name
Description
MOT
Motion since last report or Shutdown
0 = No motion
1 = Motion occurred, data ready for reading in Delta_X_L, Delta_X_H,
Delta_Y_L and Delta_Y_H registers
FAULT
Indicates that the XY_LASER is shorted to GND.
0 = no fault detected
1 = fault detected
LP_Valid
Laser power settings
0 = LASER_CTRL0 and LASER_CTRL1 registers and/or LP_CFG0 and LP_CFG1
registers do not have complementary values
1 = laser power is valid
OP_Mode[1:0]
Operating mode of the sensor
00 = Run mode
01 = Rest 1
10 = Rest 2
11 = Rest 3
FRAME_Pix_First
This bit is set to indicate first pixel in frame capture.
0 = Frame capture data not from pixel 0,0
1 = Frame capture data is from pixel 0,0
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Track-on-Glass Laser Sensor
Delta_X_L
Address: 0x03
Access: R
Reset Value: 0x00
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
X7
X6
X5
X4
X3
X2
X1
X0
Data Type: 16 bits 2’s complement number. Lower 8 bits of Delta_X.
USAGE:
X movement is counts since last report. Absolute value is determined by resolution. X Read register Delta_X_L
before the subsequently read Delta_X_H, Delta_Y_L and Delta_Y_H registers in order to freeze Delta_X_H,
Delta_Y_L and Delta_Y_H register values. If Delta_X_H, Delta_Y_L and Delta_Y_H registers are not read
before the Delta_X_L register is read for the second time, the data in Delta_X_H, Delta_Y_L and Delta_Y_H
will be lost.
Delta_X_H
Address: 0x04
Access: R
Reset Value: 0x00
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
X15
X14
X13
X12
X11
X10
X9
X8
Data Type: 16 bits 2’s complement number. Upper 8 bits of Delta_X.
USAGE:
Delta_X_H must be read after Delta_X_L to have the full motion data.
Motion
Counts
-32768 -32767
Delta_X
8000 8001
-2
-1
0
+1
+2
FFFE FFFF 0000 0001 0002
Delta_Y_L
Address: 0x05
Access: R
Reset Value: 0x00
+32766 +32767
7FFE 7FFF
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
Y7
Y6
Y5
Y4
Y3
Y2
Y1
Y0
Data Type: 16 bits 2’s complement number. Lower 8 bits of Delta_Y.
USAGE:
Y movement is counts since last report. Absolute value is determined by resolution.
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Track-on-Glass Laser Sensor
Delta_Y_H
Address: 0x06
Access: R
Reset Value: 0x00
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
Y15
Y14
Y13
Y12
Y11
Y10
Y9
Y8
Data Type: 16 bits 2’s complement number. Upper 8 bits of Delta_Y.
USAGE:
Delta_Y_H must be read after Delta_Y_L to have the full motion data.
Motion
Counts
-32768 -32767
Delta_Y
8000 8001
-2
-1
0
+1
+2
FFFE FFFF 0000 0001 0002
+32766 +32767
7FFE 7FFF
NOTES: PixArt RECOMMENDS that registers 0x02, 0x03, 0x04, 0x05 and 0x06 to be read sequentially.
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Track-on-Glass Laser Sensor
SQUAL
Address: 0x07
Access: R
Reset Value: 0x00
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
SQ7
SQ6
SQ5
SQ4
SQ3
SQ2
SQ1
SQ0
Data Type: Upper 8-bits of a 11-bit unsigned integer.
USAGE:
The SQUAL (Surface quality) register is a measure of the number of valid features visible by the sensor in the
current frame. Use the following formula to find the total number of valid features.
Number of Features = SQUAL Register Value * 8
The maximum SQUAL register value is 40(Dec) (0x28). Since small changes in the current frame can result in
changes in SQUAL, variations in SQUAL when looking at a surface are expected. The graph below shows 900
sequentially acquired SQUAL values, while a sensor was moved slowly over white paper.
SQUAL Value (White Paper) after SROM download
At Z = 2.4mm, 1100cpi, [email protected]" diameter, Speed=6ips
200
Squal value
160
120
80
40
0
1
56 111 166 221 276 331 386 441 496 551 606 661 716 771 826 881
Count
Figure 18. SQUAL Values (White Paper)
Mean SQUAL vs Z (White Paper) after SROM download
1100cpi, [email protected]" diameter, Speed=6ips
Squal count
200
Avg-3sigma
160
Avg
120
Avg+3sigma
80
40
0
- 0.8
-0.6
-0.4
-0.2
0
0.2
0.4
Delta from Nominal Focus (mm)
0.6
0.8
1
Figure 19. Mean SQUAL vs. Z (White Paper)
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Track-on-Glass Laser Sensor
Pixel_Sum
Address: 0x08
Access: R
Reset Value: 0x00
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
AP7
AP6
AP5
AP4
AP3
AP2
AP1
AP0
Data Type: High 8-bits of an unsigned 18-bit integer.
USAGE:
This register is used to find the average pixel value. It reports the upper byte of a 18-bit counter which sums
all active pixels in the current frame. To find the average pixel value, follow the formula below.
Average Pixel = Register Value *1024 / 484
The maximum register value is 60 (0x3C). The minimum register value is 0. The pixel sum value can change
every frame.
Maximum_Pixel
Address: 0x09
Access: R
Reset Value: 0x00
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
MP7
MP6
MP5
MP4
MP3
MP2
MP1
MP0
Data Type: 7-bit unsigned integer
USAGE:
Maximum Pixel value in current frame. Minimum value = 0, maximum value = 127. The maximum pixel value
can change every frame.
Minimum_Pixel
Address: 0x0A
Access: R
Reset Value: 0x00
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
MinP7
MinP6
MinP5
MinP4
MinP3
MinP2
MinP1
MinP0
Data Type: 7-bit unsigned integer
USAGE:
Minimum Pixel value in current frame. Minimum value = 0, maximum value = 127. The minimum pixel value
can change every frame.
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Track-on-Glass Laser Sensor
Shutter_Lower
Address: 0x0B
Access: R
Reset Value: Undefined
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
S7
S6
S5
S4
S3
S2
S1
S0
Shutter_Upper
Address: 0x0C
Access: R
Reset Value: Undefined
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
S15
S14
S13
S12
S11
S10
S9
S8
Data Type: 16-bit unsigned integer
USAGE:
Units are clock cycles of the internal oscillator (nominally 50MHz). Read Shutter_Upper first, then Shutter_
Lower. They should be read consecutively. The shutter is adjusted to keep the average pixel values within
normal operating ranges. The shutter value is checked and automatically adjusted to a new value if needed
on every frame when operating in default mode.
Shown below is a graph of 900 sequentially acquired shutter values, while the sensor was moved slowly over
white paper.
Shutter Values (White Paper) after SROM download
At Z = 2.4mm, 1100cpi, [email protected]” diameter, Speed = 6 ips
100
Shutter value
80
60
40
20
0
1
50
99 148 197 246 295 344 393 442 491 540 589 638 687 736 785 834 883
Count
Figure 20. Shutter Values (White Paper)
Mean Shutter vs Z (White Paper) after SROM download
1100cpi, [email protected]" diameter, Speed=6ips
300
Shutter value (Count)
Avg-3sigma
250
Avg
200
Avg+3sigma
150
100
50
0
- 0.8
- 0.6
- 0.4
- 0.2
0
0.2
0.4
Delta from Nominal Focus (mm)
0.6
0.8
1
Figure 21. Mean Shutter vs. Z (White Paper)
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Track-on-Glass Laser Sensor
Configuration_I
Address: 0x0F
Access: R/W
Reset Value: 0x0a
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved
RES3
RES2
RES1
RES0
Data Type: Bit Field
USAGE:
This register sets the resolution.
Field Name
Description
RES[3:0]
Sets resolution
0x04 = 400
0x06 = 600
0x08 = 800
0x09 = 1000
0x0a =1100
0x0b =1200
0x0c =1300
0x0d =1400
0x0e =1500
0x0f =1600
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Configuration_II
Address: 0x10
Access: R/W
Reset Value: 0x28
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
F_Rest1
F_Rest0
Rest_En
NAGC
1
0
0
0
Data Type: Bit Field
USAGE:
This register is used to change configuration of sensor. When the sensor is put into Force Rest function
via F_Rest[1:0], the operation mode of sensor will change from current mode to the next desired Rest mode
and stay at the desired Rest mode until the Force Rest mode is released. Once Force Rest mode is released,
the sensor will resume to normal operation from the desired Rest mode and auto downshift to the next level
of Rest modes if no motion or recover to Run mode if motion is detected.
For example:
Current
mode
Next desired
mode
Force Rest
mode action
After Force Rest mode is released
(F_Rest[1:0] = 00)
Run
Rest1
Force Rest1
F_Rest[1:0] = 01
Resume to normal operation from REST1,
auto downshift to Rest2, then Rest3 in sequence if
no motion or back to Run mode if motion detected.
Run
Rest2
Force Rest2
F_Rest[1:0] = 10
Resume to normal operation from REST2,
auto downshift to Rest3 if no motion or back to
Run mode if motion detected.
Run
Rest3
Force Rest3
F_Rest[1:0] = 11
Resume to normal operation from REST3,
stay in Rest3 if no motion or back to Run mode if
motion detected.
Field Name
Description
F_Rest[1:0]
Puts chip into Rest mode
00 = Normal operation
01 = Force Rest1
10 = Force Rest2
11 = Force Rest3
Rest_En
Enable Rest mode
0 = Forced awake mode. Normal operation without REST modes.
1 = REST modes enabled
NAGC
Disable AGC. Shutter value will be set to the current shutter value if Rest mode
disabled.
0 = no, AGC is active
1 = yes, AGC is disabled
BIT[3:0]
Must be set to 0x8 (b1000)
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Frame_Capture
Address: 0x12
Access: R/W
Reset Value: 0x00
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
FC7
FC6
FC5
FC4
FC3
FC2
FC1
FC0
Data Type: 8-bit unsigned integer
USAGE:
Used to capture the next available complete 1 frame of pixel values to be stored to RAM. Writing to this
register will cause any firmware loaded to be overwritten and stops navigation. A hardware reset and SROM
download are required to restore normal operation for motion reading. Refer to Frame Capture section for
use details.
SROM_Enable
Address: 0x13
Access: W
Reset Value: Undefined
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
SE7
SE6
SE5
SE4
SE3
SE2
SE1
SE0
Data Type: 8-bit unsigned integer
USAGE:
Write to this register to start either SROM download or SROM CRC test. See SROM Download section for use
details.
SROM CRC test can be performed to check for successful SROM download. SROM CRC test is only valid after
SROM downloaded. Navigation is halted and the SPI port should not be used during this SROM CRC test.
PixArt recommends reading the MOTION register to determine the laser fault condition before performing
the SROM CRC test. In the case of a laser fault condition, PixArt recommends to reset the sensor.
SROM CRC test procedure is as below:
1. Write 0x15 to SROM_Enable register to start SROM CRC test.
2. Wait for at least 10ms.
3. Read the CRC value from Data_Out_Lower and Data_Out_Upper registers.
Note: After the SROM CRC test completed, laser power need to be enabled again to resume the navigation
by setting bit (Bit-0) of LASER_CTRL0 register to 0.
Run_Downshift
Address: 0x14
Access: R/W
Reset Value: 0x7d
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
RD7
RD6
RD5
RD4
RD3
RD2
RD1
RD0
Data Type: 8-bit unsigned integer
USAGE:
This register set the Run to Rest 1 downshift time. Default value is 470ms. Use the formula below for
calculation.
Run Downshift time (ms) = RD[7:0] x 3.75
Default = 125 x 3.75 = 470ms
All the above values are calculated base on system clock, which expected to have 20% tolerance.
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Rest1_Rate
Address: 0x15
Access: R/W
Reset Value: 0x01
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
R1R7
R1R6
R1R5
R1R4
R1R3
R1R2
R1R1
R1R0
Data Type: 8-bit unsigned integer
USAGE:
This register set the Rest 1 frame rate period. Default value is 20ms. Use the formula below for calculation.
Rest1 frame rate period = (R1R[7:0] + 1) x 10ms.
Default = (1 + 1) x 10 = 20ms
All the above values are calculated base on 100Hz Hibernate clock, which expected to have 40% tolerance.
Rest1_Downshift
Address: 0x16
Access: R/W
Reset Value: 0x7d
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
R1D7
R1D6
R1D5
R1D4
R1D3
R1D2
R1D1
R1D0
Data Type: 8-bit unsigned integer
USAGE:
This register set the Rest 1 to Rest 2 downshift time. Default value is 9920ms. Use the formula below for
calculation.
Rest1 Downshift time = R1D[7:0] x 4 x Rest1_Rate.
Default = 125 x 4 x 20 = 10000ms = 10s
All the above values are calculated base on 100Hz Hibernate clock, which expected to have 40% tolerance.
Rest2_Rate
Address: 0x17
Access: R/W
Reset Value: 0x09
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
R2R7
R2R6
R2R5
R2R4
R2R3
R2R2
R2R1
R2R0
Data Type: 8-bit unsigned integer
USAGE:
This register set the Rest 2 frame rate period. Default value is 100ms. Use the formula below for calculation.
Rest2 frame rate period = (R2R[7:0] + 1) x 10ms.
Default = (9 + 1) x 10 = 100ms
All the above values are calculated base on 100Hz Hibernate clock, which expected to have 40% tolerance.
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Rest2_Downshift
Address: 0x18
Access: R/W
Reset Value: 0x5e
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
R2D7
R2D6
R2D5
R2D4
R2D3
R2D2
R2D1
R2D0
Data Type: 8-bit unsigned integer
USAGE:
This register set the Rest 2 to Rest 3 downshift time. Default value is 10mins. Use the formula below for
calculation.
Rest2 Downshift time = R2D[7:0] x 64 x Rest2_Rate.
Default = 94 x 64 x 100ms (Rest2_Rate default value) = 601.6s = 10mins
All the above values are calculated base on 100Hz Hibernate clock, which expected to have 40% tolerance.
Rest3_Rate
Address: 0x19
Access: R/W
Reset Value: 0x31
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
R3R7
R3R6
R3R5
R3R4
R3R3
R3R2
R3R1
R3R0
Data Type: 8-bit unsigned integer
USAGE:
This register set the Rest 3 frame rate period. Default value is 500ms. Use the formula below for calculation.
Rest3 frame rate period = (R3R[7:0] + 1) x 10ms.
Default = (49 + 1) x 10 = 500ms
All the above values are calculated base on 100Hz Hibernate clock, which expected to have 40% tolerance.
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Track-on-Glass Laser Sensor
LASER_CTRL0
Address: 0x20
Access: R/W
Reset Value: Undefined
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
Range
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved
CW2
CW1
CW0
Force_Disabled
Data Type: Bit field
USAGE:
This register is used to control the laser drive mode. For testing purpose, the laser power can be changed by
following the Laser Power Adjustment Procedure.
Field Name
Description
RANGE
Laser current range
0 = 0.8 – 4mA
1 = 4 – 10mA
* Important Note - Do not adjust the laser current > 7mA.
CW[2:0]
Laser drive mode
- Write 010b to bits [3,2,1] to set the laser to continuous ON (CW) mode.
- Write 000b to exit laser continuous ON mode, all other values are not recommended.
Reading the DELTA_X_L (0x03) will reset the value to 000b and exit laser continuous ON mode.
Force_Disabled
LASER force disabled
0 = Enabled laser
1 = Laser is forced disable
LASER_CTRL1
Address: 0x21
Access: R/W
Reset Value: Undefined
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
Range_C
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
Data Type: Bit field
USAGE:
For testing purpose, the laser power can be changed by following the Laser Power Adjustment Procedure.
Field Name
Description
Range_C
Bit-7 of this register must be the complement of the corresponding Bit-7
in LASER_CTRL0 register for the laser current range control to be as programmed, otherwise the laser is turned off and the LP_VALID bit in the
MOTION register is set to 0.
BIT[6:0]
Must be set to 0x42 (b1000010).
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Track-on-Glass Laser Sensor
LP_CFG0
Address: 0x22
Access: R/W
Reset Value: Undefined
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
LP7
LP6
LP5
LP4
LP3
LP 2
LP 1
LP 0
Data Type: 8-bit unsigned integer
USAGE:
This register is used to set the laser current. It is to be used together with LASER_CTRL1 register, where it
contains the complement of LASER_CTRL0 register. If the registers do not contain complementary values,
the laser is turned off and the LP_VALID bit in the MOTION register is set to 0.
For testing purpose, the laser power can be changed by following the Laser Power Adjustment Procedure.
Field Name
Description
LP[7:0]
Controls the 8-bit DAC for adjusting laser current.
For Range 0.8 - 4mA
One step is equivalent to (1/295) x 100% = 0.34% change of relative laser current.
For Range 4 - 10mA
One step is equivalent to (1/365) x 100% = 0.27% change of relative laser current.
Refer to the table below for examples of relative laser current settings.
Range 0.8 - 4mA (Range = 0)
Relatives
Laser Current
LPCFG0
LPCFG1
Range 4 - 10mA (Range = 1)
Relatives
Laser Current
LPCFG0
LPCFG1
13.56%
0x00
0xFF
30.14%
0x00
0xFF
13.90%
0x01
0xFE
30.41%
0x01
0xFE
14.24%
0x02
0xFD
30.68%
0x02
0xFD
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
99.32%
0xFD
0x02
99.45%
0xFD
0x02
99.66%
0xFE
0x01
99.73%
0xFE
0x01
100.00%
0xFF
0x00
100.00%
0xFF
0x00
* Important Note - Do not adjust the laser current > 7mA
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Track-on-Glass Laser Sensor
LP_CFG1
Address: 0x23
Access: R/W
Reset Value: Undefined
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
LPC7
LPC 6
LPC 5
LPC 4
LPC 3
LPC 2
LPC 1
LPC 0
Data Type: 8-bit unsigned integer
USAGE:
The value in this register must be a complement of LP_CFG0 register for the laser current to be as programmed,
otherwise the laser is turned off and the LP_VALID bit in the MOTION register is set to 0.
Observation
Address: 0x24
Access: R/W
Reset Value: 0x00
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
Reserved
OB6
OB5
OB4
OB3
OB2
OB1
OB0
Data Type: Bit field
USAGE:
The user must clear the register by writing 0x00, waiting an appropriate delay, and read the register. The
active processes will set their corresponding bit indicating the sensor is functioning. This register may be
used as part of a recovery scheme to detect a problem caused by EFT/B or ESD by monitoring the OB[5:0]
status.
Field Name
Description
0 = chip is not running SROM code
OB6
1 = chip is running SROM code
OB[5:0]
Set once per frame
Data_Out_Lower Address: 0x25
Access: R
Reset Value: Undefined
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
DO7
DO6
DO5
DO4
DO3
DO2
DO1
DO0
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Data_Out_Upper
Address: 0x26
Access: R
Reset Value: Undefined
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
DO15
DO14
DO13
DO12
DO11
DO10
DO9
DO8
Data Type: 16-bit word
USAGE:
Data in these registers come from the SROM CRC test. The data can be read out in either order.
CRC Result
Data_Out_Upper
Data_Out_Lower
SROM CRC test
0xBE
0xEF
SROM CRC Test: Performs a CRC test on the SROM contents. The test is initiated by writing 0x15 to SROM_Enable register.
SROM CRC test is only valid after SROM is downloaded.
SROM_ID
Address: 0x2A
Access: R
Reset Value: 0x00
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
SR7
SR6
SR5
SR4
SR3
SR2
SR1
SR0
Data Type: 8-bit unsigned integer
USAGE:
Contains the revision of the downloaded Shadow ROM (SROM) firmware. If the firmware has been successfully
downloaded and the chip is operating out of SROM, this register will contain the SROM firmware revision;
otherwise it will contain 0x00.
Power_Up_Reset
Address: 0x3A
Access: W
Reset Value: Undefined
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
PUR7
PUR 6
PUR 5
PUR 4
PUR 3
PUR 2
PUR 1
PUR 0
Data Type: 8-bit unsigned integer
USAGE:
Write 0x5a to this register to reset the chip. All settings will revert to default values. Reset is required after
recovering from shutdown mode and after every power up.
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Shutdown
Address: 0x3B
Access: W
Reset Value: Undefined
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
SD7
SD6
SD5
SD4
SD 3
SD2
SD1
SD0
Data Type: 8-bit unsigned integer
USAGE:
Write 0xb6 to set the chip to shutdown mode, use POWER_UP_RESET register to power up the chip.
Inverse_Product_ID
Access: R
Address: 0x3F
Reset Value: 0xc5
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
PID7
PID6
PID5
PID4
PID3
PID2
PID1
PID0
Data Type: 8-bit unsigned integer
USAGE:
This value is the inverse of the Product_ID. It can be used to test the SPI port hardware.
Motion_Burst
Address: 0x50
Access: R
Reset Value: 0x00
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
MB7
MB6
MB5
MB4
MB3
MB2
MB1
MB0
Data Type: 8-bit unsigned integer
USAGE:
The Motion_Burst register is used for high-speed access to up to 12 bytes of information in this order:
Motion, Observation, Delta_X_L, Delta_X_H, Delta_Y_L, Delta_Y_H, SQUAL, Pixel_Sum, Maximum_Pixel,
Minimum_Pixel, Shutter_Upper, and Shutter_Lower registers. See Burst Mode-Motion Read section for use
details. Write any value to this register will clear all motion burst data.
SROM_Load_BurstAddress: 0x62
Access: W
Reset Value: Undefined
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
SL7
SL6
SL5
SL4
SL3
SL2
SL1
SL0
Data Type: 8-bit unsigned integer
USAGE:
The SROM_Load_Burst register is used for high-speed programming SROM from an external PROM or microcontroller. See SROM Download section for use details.
All rights strictly reserved any portion in this paper shall not be reproduced, copied or transformed to any other forms without permission.
PixArt Imaging Inc.
E-mail: [email protected]
37
PixArt Imaging Inc.
Track-on-Glass Laser Sensor
Pixel_Burst
Address: 0x64
Access: R
Reset Value: 0x00
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
PB7
PB6
PB5
PB4
PB3
PB2
PB1
PB0
Data Type: 8-bit unsigned integer
USAGE:
The Pixel_Burst register is used for high-speed access to all the pixel values for one complete frame
capture, without writing to the register address to obtain each pixel data. The data pointer is automatically
incremented after each read so all 484 pixel values may be obtained by reading this register 484 times. See
Frame Capture section for use details.
Note: Maximum pixel value is 127. PB7 is always zero.
All rights strictly reserved any portion in this paper shall not be reproduced, copied or transformed to any other forms without permission.
PixArt Imaging Inc.
E-mail: [email protected]