SLUS501A – OCTOBER 2001
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
DESCRIPTION
Current-Limited Wall Supplies
Ideal for Low Dropout Charger Design for
Single-Cell Li-Ion Packs With Coke or
Graphite Anodes
Integrated PowerFET for 500 mA
Integrated Voltage Regulation With 0.5%
Accuracy
Battery Insertion and Removal Detection
Charge Termination by Minimum Current and
Time
Pre-Charge Conditioning With Safety Timer
Sleep Mode for Low-Power Consumption
Charge Status Output for LED or Host
Processor Interface Indicates
Charge-in-Progress, Charge Completion, and
Fault Conditions
Optional Temperature Monitoring Before and
During Charge
Small, 8-Pin Power-Pad MSOP Package
TYPICAL APPLICATION
bq24202DGN
DC+
C1
DC–
R1
1 IN
OUT 8
2 VCC
BAT 7
3 STAT
CE 6
4 VSS
N/C 5
C1
+
BATTERY PACK
The bq2420x series are simple Li-Ion linear charge
management devices targeted at low-cost and space
limited charger applications. The bq2420x series offer
integrated
powerFET,
high-accuracy
voltage
regulation, temperature monitoring, charge status, and
charge termination, in a single monolithic device.
The bq2420x is designed to work with a current-limited
wall-mount transformer and therefore does not provide
any current regulation. However, these devices offer a
fixed internal current limit to prevent damage to the
internal powerFET. A time-limited pre-conditioning
phase is provided to condition deeply discharged cells.
Once the battery reaches the charge voltage, the high
accuracy voltage regulation loop takes over and
completes the charge cycle. Charge is terminated
based on minimum current. An internal charge timer
provides a backup safety for charge termination.
Other standard features include an automatic sleep
mode activated when VCC falls below the battery
voltage and a recharge feature activated when the
battery voltage falls below the VRCH threshold.
In addition to the standard features, the core product
provides two additional enhancements: temperature
monitoring and status display. The temperature-sense
circuit continuously measures battery temperature
using an external thermistor and inhibits charge until the
battery temperature is within the user–defined
thresholds. The STAT pin indicates three conditions of
operation of the charger. These conditions are chargein-progress, charge complete, and fault. This output
can be used to drive an LED or an interface to a
microcontroller.
Copyright 2001, Texas Instruments Incorporated
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1
PRODUCT PREVIEW
FEATURES
D Designed Specifically to Work With
SLUS501A – OCTOBER 2001
AVAILABLE OPTIONS
TJ
Charge Regulation Voltage
Optional Functions
Packaged Devices
4.2 V
STAT and TS
bq24200DGN
4.1 V
STAT and TS
bq24201DGN
4.2 V
STAT
bq24202DGN
4.1 V
STAT
bq24203DGN
–40_C
40_C to 125_C
4.2 V
bq24204DGN
4.1 V
bq24205DGN
† The DGN package is available taped and reeled. Add TR suffix to device type (e.g. bq24200DGNTR) to order. Quantities
2500 devices per reel.
bq24202, bq24203
HTSSOP (DGN) PACKAGE
(TOP VIEW)
PRODUCT PREVIEW
bq24200, bq24201
HTSSOP (DGN) PACKAGE
(TOP VIEW)
IN
1
8
VCC
STAT
VSS
2
7
3
6
4
5
OUT
BAT
TS
N/C
IN
1
8
VCC
STAT
VSS
2
7
3
6
4
5
bq24204, bq24205
HTSSOP (DGN) PACKAGE
(TOP VIEW)
OUT
BAT
CE
N/C
IN
1
8
VCC
N/C
VSS
2
7
3
6
4
5
OUT
BAT
CE
N/C
Terminal Functions
TERMINAL
NO.
NAME
I/O
DESCRIPTION
bq24200
bq24201
bq24202
bq24203
bq24204
bq24205
BAT
7
7
7
I
Battery voltage sense input
CE
–
6
6
I
Charge enable Input (active low)
IN
1
1
1
I
Charge input voltage
N/C
5
5
3, 5
–
No connection. Must be left floating
OUT
8
8
8
O
Charge current output
STAT
3
3
–
O
Charge status output
TS
6
–
–
I
Temperature sense input
VCC
VSS
2
2
2
I
4
4
4
–
VCC input
Ground input
absolute maximum ratings over operating free–air temperature range (unless otherwise noted)†
Supply voltage (Vcc with respect to GND) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16.5 V
Input voltage, IN, STAT, TS (all with respect to GND) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16.5 V
Input voltage, BAT, OUT (all with respect to GND) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 V
Output sink/source current (STAT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 mA
Storage temperature range, Tstg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –65_C to 150_C
Junction temperature range, TJ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –40_C to 125_C
Lead temperature (soldering, 10sec) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 300_C
† Stresses beyond those listed under “absolute maximum ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and
functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under “recommended operating conditions” is not
implied. Exposure to absolute–maximum–rated conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
2
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SLUS501A – OCTOBER 2001
recommended operating conditions
Supply voltage, VCC
Input voltage, VIN
Operating junction temperature range, TJ
MIN
MAX
V(LOWV–MIN)
V(LOWV–MIN)
13.5
–40
125
13.5
UNIT
V
°C
PARAMETER
Vcc Current, ICC(VCC)
Sleep current , ICC(SLP)
TEST CONDITIONS
MIN
Vcc > Vcc(min)
TYP
MAX
UNIT
1.7
2.5
mA
Sum of currents into OUT and BAT pins, Vcc<V(SLP),
0oC ≤ Tj ≤ 85oC
5
µA
Sleep current , ICC(SLP)
Sum of currents into OUT and BAT pins, Vcc<V(SLP)
10
µA
Standby Current, ICC(STDBY)
Sum of currents into Vcc, IN and TS pins,
(Vcc–VI(TS)) ≤ 300 mV
1
mA
1
µA
1
µA
Input Bias Current on BAT pin, IIB (BAT)
Input Bias Current on TS pin, IIB (TS)
0.1*Vcc ≤ VI(TS) ≤ 0.8*Vcc
voltage regulation, VO(REG) + V(DO–MAX) ≤ VCC, I(TERM) < IO(OUT) ≤ 500 mA, over 0°C ≤ TJ ≤ 125°C and supply
voltage range (unless otherwise noted)
PARAMETER
Output voltage, VO(REG)
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNIT
VO(REG) + V(DO–MAX) ≤ 10 V,
I(TERM) < IO(OUT) ≤ 250 mA
TEST CONDITIONS
4.0795
4.10
4.1205
Volts
4.05
4.10
4.15
Volts
VO(REG) + V(DO–MAX) ≤ 10 V,
I(TERM) < IO(OUT) ≤ 250 mA
4.1790
4.20
4.2210
Volts
4.15
4.20
4.25
Volts
200
350
500
mV
MAX
UNIT
500
mA
1.6
A
Output voltage, VO(REG)
Output voltage, VO(REG)
Output voltage, VO(REG)
Dropout voltage (V(IN) –V(OUT)), V(DO)
VO(REG) + V(DO–MAX) ≤ Vcc,
IO(OUT) = 500 mA
output current, over 0°C ≤ TJ ≤ 125°C and supply voltage range (unless otherwise noted)
PARAMETER
Output current, IO(OUT)
TEST CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
See Note 1
Short–circuit Trip Current, I(SC)
See Note 1
NOTE 1: Assured by design, not production tested.
1
pre-charge current regulation, over 0°C ≤ TJ ≤ 125°C and supply voltage range (unless otherwise noted)
PARAMETER
Pre–charge Current , I(PRECHG)
Battery Detection Current , I(DETECT)
TEST CONDITIONS
VI(BAT) < V(LOWV),
VI(BAT) = 2.5 V,
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNIT
t < t(30min)
10
13.5
17
mA
t > t(30min)
160
210
300
µA
charge termination detection, over 0°C ≤ TJ ≤ 125°C And supply voltage range (unless otherwise noted)
PARAMETER
Taper current detect threshold, I(TAPER)
Charge termination current detect threshold, I(TERM)
TEST CONDITIONS
VI(BAT) > V(RCH)
VI(BAT) > V(RCH)
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MIN
TYP
MAX
UNIT
22
25.5
29
mA
0.8
1.1
1.4
mA
3
PRODUCT PREVIEW
electrical characteristics over 0°C ≤ TJ ≤ 125°C and supply voltage range (unless otherwise noted)
SLUS501A – OCTOBER 2001
temperature comparator, over 0°C ≤ TJ ≤ 125°C and supply voltage range (unless otherwise noted)
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNIT
Lower Temperature Threshold, V(TS1)
TS pin voltage
30
%VCC
Upper Temperature Threshold, V(TS2)
TS pin voltage
60
%VCC
Accuracy
–0.7
0.7
Hysteresis
1
%VCC
%VCC
low voltage battery threshold, over 0°C ≤ TJ ≤ 125°C and supply voltage range (unless otherwise noted)
PARAMETER
LowV Threshold, V(LOWV)
TEST CONDITIONS
0oC ≤ TJ ≤ 85oC
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNIT
2.8
2.95
3.1
Volts
2.8
3.0
3.2
Volts
LowV Threshold, V(LOWV)
battery recharge threshold, over 0°C ≤ TJ ≤ 125°C and supply voltage range (unless otherwise noted)
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS
Recharge Threshold, VRCH
MIN
VO(REG)
0.115
TYP
MAX
VO(REG) VO(REG)
–0.1
0.85
UNIT
Volts
STAT output, Vcc ≥ VO(REG) , over 0°C ≤ TJ ≤ 125°C and supply voltage range (unless otherwise noted)
PRODUCT PREVIEW
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS
Output (low) saturation voltage, VOL(STAT)
Io = 10 mA
Output (high) saturation voltage
VOH(STAT)
Io = –5 mA
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNIT
0.5
Volts
Vcc–1.5
Volts
CE, over 0°C ≤ TJ ≤ 125°C and supply voltage range (unless otherwise noted)
PARAMETER
Input (low) voltage, VIL(CE)
Input (high) voltage VIH(CE)
TEST CONDITIONS
IIL = 5 µA
IIH = 20 µA
MIN
TYP
0
MAX
UNIT
VCC–1
Volts
Vcc–0.3
Volts
timers, over 0°C ≤ TJ ≤ 125°C and supply voltage range (unless otherwise noted)
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNIT
Pre-charge and taper timer, t(PRECHG)
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS
1,548
2,065
2,581
sec
Taper timer, t(TAPER)
1,548
2,065
2,581
sec
Charge Timer, t(CHG)
9,292
12,389
15,486
sec
sleep comparator, over 0°C ≤ TJ ≤ 125°C and supply voltage range (unless otherwise noted)
PARAMETER
Sleep–mode threshold, V(SLP)
TEST CONDITIONS
2.3V ≤ VI(BAT) ≤ VO(REG)
MIN
TYP
MAX
V(BAT)–10
mV
UNIT
Volts
power-on-reset and VIN Ramp Rate, over 0°C ≤ TJ ≤ 125°C and supply voltage range (unless otherwise noted)
MIN
TYP
MAX
POR Threshold, VPOR
PARAMETER
See Note 1
TEST CONDITIONS
2.3
2.4
2.5
Slew rate
See Note 1
5
NOTE 1. Assured by design, not production tested.
4
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5x
10–5
UNIT
Volts
Volts/µs
SLUS501A – OCTOBER 2001
functional block diagram
IN
OUT
R3
BAT
Vcc
R2
Iref
R1
Vref
Pre-Charge ok
VSS
ChargeOK
Imax
PwrDwn
*
Bias &
Ref
Generator
TaperDet
R4
VRCH
R5
LowV
PwrDwn*
Vref
Vref
Imax
GND/HS
Iref
R6
Vref
TS
PwrDwn
*
Thermal
Shutdown
Vcc
Suspend*
PwrDwn*
OSC
Vcc
Charge Control,
Timer
and Display logic
STAT
ChargeOK
Pre-Charge ok
UDG–01105
detailed description
IN: This pin is connected to the source of the internal P-channel powerFET.
OUT: This pin is connected to the drain of the internal P-channel powerFET.
Battery voltage sense (BAT): Voltage sense-input tied directly to the positive side of the battery.
Temperature sense input (TS): Input for an external battery-temperature monitoring circuit.
Charge status output (STAT): High-impedance indication of various charge conditions.
Supply voltage input (VCC): Power supply input
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5
PRODUCT PREVIEW
Vcc
SLUS501A – OCTOBER 2001
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
DROPOUT VOLTAGE
vs
JUNCTION TEMPERATURE
OUTPUT VOLTAGE
vs
JUNCTION TEMPERATURE
4.15
500
IOUT = 250 mA
450
PRODUCT PREVIEW
400
VDO – Dropout Voltage – V
VO(REG) – Output Voltage – V
4.14
4.13
4.12
VIN = 6.0 V
4.11
4.10
350
I OUT = 500 mA
300
250
I OUT = 350 mA
200
150
4.09
I
100
VIN = 4.8 V
4.08
50
0
4.07
–50
0
50
100
TJ – Junction Temperature – _C
0
20
40
80
120
60
100
TA – Junction Temperature – _C
140
Figure 2
Figure 1
SUPPLY CURRENT
vs
JUNCTION TEMPERATURE
DROPOUT VOLTAGE
vs
OUTPUT VOLTAGE
2.5
400
VIN = 13.5 V
IVCC1 – Supply Current – mA
350
VDO – Dropout Voltage – V
OUT = 200 mA
2.0
I OUT = 500 mA
300
250
1.5
I
200
OUT = 350 mA
VIN = 9.0 V
1.0
150
100
I
VIN = 4.5 V
OUT = 200 mA
0.5
50
0
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
0.0
–50
Figure 3
6
0
50
100
TJ – Junction Temperature – _C
VO(reg) – Output Voltage – V
Figure 4
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150
SLUS501A – OCTOBER 2001
APPLICATION INFORMATION
DC+
bq24200DGN
1
IN
OUT
PACK+
8
C2 VCC
C1
2
VCC
BAT
7
+
PACK–
RT1
3
DC–
R1
4
STAT
VSS
TS
N/C
6
5
RT2
TEMP
BATTERY
PACK
UDG–01109
Figure 5. Low Dropout Single–Cell Li–Ion/Li–Pol Charger
The bq2420x supports a precision Li-Ion or Li-Pol charging system suitable for single-cells with either coke or
graphite anodes. Figure 5 shows an application schematic and Figure 6 shows the typical charge profile.
temperature qualification (bq24200 and bq24201 only)
The bq24200 and bq24201 continuously monitors battery temperature by measuring the voltage between the
TS and VSS pins. A negative- or a positive-temperature coefficient thermistor (NTC, PTC) and an external
voltage divider typically develop this voltage (see figure 5). The bq24200 and bq24201 compare this voltage
against the internal V(TS1) and V(TS2) thresholds to determine if charging is allowed (see Figure 7). The
temperature sensing circuit is immune to any fluctuation in Vcc since both the external voltage divider and the
internal thresholds are referenced to Vcc.
Once a temperature outside the V(TS1) and V(TS2) thresholds is detected the bq24200 and bq24201 immediately
suspend the charge. The bq24200 and bq24201 suspend the charge by turning off the powerFET and holding
the timer value (i.e. timers are NOT reset). Charge is resumed when the temperature returns to the normal
range.
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7
PRODUCT PREVIEW
functional description
SLUS501A – OCTOBER 2001
APPLICATION INFORMATION
Pre-Conditioning
Regulation Voltage
Phase
Current Phase
(externally limited)
Voltage Regulation and
Charge Termination Phase
Charge Current
Charge Voltage
PRODUCT PREVIEW
Minimum Charge Voltage
Charge Current
Taper Detect
Pre-Conditioning Current
t(TAPER)
t(PRECHG)
t(CHG)
Figure 6. Typical Charge Profile
Vcc
Charge Suspend and Low– PowerStandby Mode
Vcc–0.3V
Charge Suspend
V(TS2)
Normal TemperatureRange
V (TS1)
Charge Suspend
Vss
Figure 7. TS Pin Thresholds
8
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SLUS501A – OCTOBER 2001
APPLICATION INFORMATION
operational flow diagram
POR
SLEEP MODE
Vcc > V (SLP)
checked at all times
Indicate SLEEP
MODE
(STAT=Hi–Z)
No
Yes
V I(BAT)
<V (LOWV)
APPLY
PRECHARGE,
I (PRECHG)
Reset and Start
t (PRECHG)
timer
Yes
Indicate Charge–
In–Progress
Current Phase
V I(BAT)
<V O(REG)
Yes
Indicate Charge–
In–Progress
Yes
No
V I(BAT)
<V O(REG)
No
PRODUCT PREVIEW
No
V I(BAT)
<V (LOWV)
Reset all timers,
Start t (CHG)timer
Yes
Regulate Voltage
t (PRECHG)
Expired?
Indicate Charge–
In–Progress
Yes
Yes
– Fault Condition
– Enable I (DETECT)
t (CHG)Expired?
Yes
Indicate Fault
No
No
Yes
V I(BAT)
<V O(REG)
Battery
replaced?
No
Yes
I (TAPER)
detection?
Yes
No
t (TAPER)
Expired?
No
I (TERM)
detection?
No
Yes
Yes
Turn off charge
IndicateDONE
No
V I(BAT)< V (RCH)
?
Yes
Figure 8. Operational Flow Chart
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9
SLUS501A – OCTOBER 2001
APPLICATION INFORMATION
The resistor values of RT1 and RT2 are calculated by the following equations:
For NTC Thermistors:
R T1 +
R T2 +
ǒ5
RT H
RT CǓ
ǒ3 ǒRTC * RTHǓǓ
ǒ5
RT H
RT CǓ * ǒ7
ǒ2
RT CǓ
RT HǓ
For PTC Thermistors:
PRODUCT PREVIEW
R T1 +
R T2 +
ǒ5
RT H
RT CǓ
ǒ3 ǒRTH * RTCǓǓ
ǒ5
ǒ2
RT H
RT HǓ * ǒ7
RT CǓ
RT CǓ
Where RTC is the cold temperature resistance and RTH is the hot temperature resistance of thermistor, as
specified by the thermistor manufacturer.
RT1 or RT2 can be omitted If only one temperature (hot or cold) setting is required. Applying a voltage between
the VTS1 and VTS2 thresholds to pin TS disables the temperature-sensing feature. Also applying a voltage
between (VCC – 0.3 V) and Vcc suspends the charge and places the IC in the low-power standby mode.
battery pre-conditioning
Figure 7 shows the operational flow chart for the bq2420x.
Upon power-up, if the battery voltage is below the V(LOWV) threshold, the bq2420x applies a pre-charge current,
I(PRECHG), to the battery. This feature revives deeply discharged cells. The bq2420x activates a safety timer,
t(PRECHG), during the conditioning phase. If V(LOWV) threshold is not reached within the timer period, the
bq2420x turns off the charger and enunciates FAULT on the STAT pin. In the case of a FAULT condition, the
bq2420x reduces the current to I(DETECT). I(DETECT) is used to detect a battery replacement condition. Fault
condition is cleared by POR or battery replacement.
10
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SLUS501A – OCTOBER 2001
APPLICATION INFORMATION
battery charge current
Following a successful pre-conditioning, the bq2420x relies on an external current-limited supply to limit the
charge current to the cell. The bq2420x continues this phase until the battery reaches the voltage regulation
phase.
During this phase (and all other phases of operation) in order to protect the integrated powerFET, the internal
short circuit and thermal protection circuits are active.
battery voltage regulation
As a safety backup, the bq2420x also monitors the charge time in the voltage regulation mode. If taper current
is not detected within this time period, t(CHG), the bq2420x turns off the charger and enunciates FAULT on the
STAT pin. Fault condition is cleared by POR or battery replacement. Note that the safety timer is reset if the
bq2420x is forced out of the voltage regulation mode.
charge termination and recharge
The bq2420x monitors the charging current during the voltage regulation phase. Once the taper threshold,
I(TAPER), is detected the bq2420x initiates the taper timer, t(TAPER). Charge is terminated after the timer expires.
The bq2420x resets the taper timer in the event that the charge current returns above the taper threshold,
I(TAPER).
In addition to the taper current detection, the bq2420x terminates charge in the event that the charge current
falls below the I(TERM) threshold. This feature allows for quick recognition of a battery removal condition.
After a charge termination, the bq2420x restarts the charge once the voltage on the BAT pin falls below the
V(RCH) threshold. This feature keeps the battery at full capacity at all times.
sleep mode
The bq2420x enters the low-power sleep mode if the Vcc is removed from the circuit (i.e. the Vcc and IN pins
are floating). For applications where these pins are not floating, placing a low-power 10 Ω (1/16 W) between
the IN and VCC pins ensures the V(SLP) conditions are met (see Figure 9).This feature prevents draining the
battery during the absence of VCC.
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11
PRODUCT PREVIEW
The voltage regulation feedback is through the BAT pin. This input is tied directly to the positive side of the
battery pack. The bq2420x monitors the battery-pack voltage between the BAT and VSS pins. The bq2420x
is offered in two fixed-voltage versions: 4.1 V and 4.2 V.
SLUS501A – OCTOBER 2001
APPLICATION INFORMATION
bq24200DGN
DC+
C1
10 Ω
1/16 W
1
IN
OUT
8
2
V CC
BAT
7
3
STAT
TS
6
4
VSS
N/C
5
DC–
UDG–01110
PRODUCT PREVIEW
Figure 9. Sleep Mode
charge enable pin
The CE pin on bq24202, bq24203, bq24204 and bq24205 can be used to enable or suspend the charge. Charge
is enabled if the voltage VIL(CE) is applied to the pin. Applying the VIH(CE) suspends the charge. During a charge
suspend mode, the internal powerFET is turned off and all timers are reset.
charge status output
The STAT pin on the bq2420x, indicates various conditions of operation. These conditions are summarized in
Table 1.
Table 1. STAT Pin
12
Condition
STAT
Pre-charge
High
Fast-charge
High
Charge-complete
Low
Taper timer done
Low
Charge suspend (due to temperature or CE input)
Hi–Z
Thermal shutdown
Hi–Z
Pre-charge timer fault
Hi–Z
Sleep mode
Hi–Z
Charge timer fault
Hi–Z
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SLUS501A – OCTOBER 2001
PACKAGING INFORMATION
DGN (S-PDSO-G8)
PowerPAD PLASTIC SMALL-OUTLINE PACKAGE
0,38
0,25
0,65
8
0,08 M
5
Thermal Pad
(See Note D)
0,15 NOM
3,05
2,95
4,98
4,78
PRODUCT PREVIEW
Gage Plane
0,25
1
0°–ā6°
4
3,05
2,95
0,69
0,41
Seating Plane
1,07 MAX
0,15
0,05
0,10
4073271/B 08/01
NOTES: A.
B.
C.
D.
All linear dimensions are in millimeters.
This drawing is subject to change without notice.
Body dimensions include mold flash or protrusions.
The package thermal performance may be enhanced by attaching an external heat sink to the thermal plane.
This pad is electrically and thermally connected to the backside of the die and possibly selected leads.
E. Falls within JEDEC MO-187
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13
IMPORTANT NOTICE
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