POWER OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS PA98 • PA98A HTTP://WWW.APEXMICROTECH.COM M I C R O T E C H N O L O G Y (800) 546-APEX (800) 546-2739 FEATURES • HIGH VOLTAGE — 450V (±225V) • HIGH SLEW RATE — 1000V/µS • HIGH OUTPUT CURRENT — 200mA APPLICATIONS • • • • HIGH VOLTAGE INSTRUMENTATION PIEZO TRANSDUCER EXCITATION PROGRAMMABLE POWER SUPPLIES UP TO 430V ELECTROSTATIC TRANSDUCERS & DEFLECTION PATENTED DESCRIPTION The PA98 is a high voltage, high power bandwidth MOSFET operational amplifier designed for output currents up to 200mA. Output voltages can swing up to ±215V with a dual supply and up to +440 volts with a single supply. The safe operating area (SOA) has no second breakdown limitations and can be observed with all types of loads by choosing an appropriate current limiting resistor. High accuracy is achieved with a cascode input circuit configuration. All internal biasing is referenced to a bootstrapped zener-MOSFET current source. As a result, the PA98 features an unprecedented supply range and excellent supply rejection. The MOSFET output stage is biased on for linear operation. External compensation provides user flexibility. This hybrid circuit utilizes thick film (cermet) resistors, ceramic capacitors and silicon semiconductor chips to maximize reliability, minimize size and give top performance. Ultrasonically bonded aluminum wires provide reliable interconnections at all operating temperatures. EQUIVALENT SCHEMATIC 11 +VS D1 Q1 Q2 Q4 D23 Q8 Q9 12 +VS Q12 9 CL COMP 4 Q6 Q7 –IN 1 +IN 2 Q10A 5 10 CL Q11 TYPICAL APPLICATION +225V D2 ±225V Dynamic focusing is the active correction of focusing voltage as a beam traverses the face of a CRT. This is necessary in high resolution flat face monitors since the distance between cathode and screen varies as the beam moves from the center of the screen to the edges. PA98 lends itself well to this function since it can be connected as a summing amplifier with inputs from the nominal focus potential and the dynamic correction. The nominal might be derived from a potentiometer, or perhaps automatic focusing circuitry might be used to generate this potential. The dynamic correction is generated from the sweep voltages by calculating the distance of the beam from the center of the display. EXTERNAL CONNECTIONS 1 2 3 4 5 6 PACKAGE: SIP03 7 8 9 10 11 12 NC –IN 7 –VS TO FOCUS GRID DYNAMIC FOCUSING Rc 8 –VS CL PA98 Y SWEEP SAMPLE Cc Q18 Q16 R R IN2 z = x2 + y2 Q17 Q13 RF X SWEEP SAMPLE 6 OUT Q10B R IN1 DC FOCUS * RCL +IN * TO LOAD AND FEEDBACK –Vs +Vs * Bypassing required. PHASE COMPENSATION Gain CC 1 68pF 20 10pF 100 3.3pF RC 100Ω 330Ω 0Ω CC RATED FOR FULL SUPPLY VOLTAGE APEX MICROTECHNOLOGY CORPORATION • TELEPHONE (520) 690-8600 • FAX (520) 888-3329 • ORDERS (520) 690-8601 • EMAIL [email protected] 1 ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS SPECIFICATIONS PA98 • PA98A ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS SUPPLY VOLTAGE, +VS to –VS OUTPUT CURRENT, continuous within SOA POWER DISSIPATION, continuous @ TC = 25°C2 INPUT VOLTAGE, differential INPUT VOLTAGE, common mode TEMPERATURE, pin solder - 10s max TEMPERATURE, junction2 TEMPERATURE, storage OPERATING TEMPERATURE RANGE, case SPECIFICATIONS PA98 TEST CONDITIONS 1 PARAMETER 450V 200mA 30W ±25V ±VS 220°C 150°C –65 to +150°C –55 to +125°C MIN PA98A TYP MAX .5 10 3 75 5 .01 10 1011 4 2 30 10 MIN TYP MAX UNITS .25 5 * * 3 * 3 * * .5 10 * * * mV µV/°C µV/V µV/√kh pA pA/V pA Ω pF V dB µVrms * * * * * * dB MHz kHz kHz ° * * * * * * * * * V V V mA V/µs V/µs pf µs Ω INPUT OFFSET VOLTAGE, initial OFFSET VOLTAGE, vs. temperature OFFSET VOLTAGE, vs. supply OFFSET VOLTAGE, vs. time BIAS CURRENT, initial3 BIAS CURRENT, vs. supply OFFSET CURRENT, initial3 INPUT IMPEDANCE, DC INPUT CAPACITANCE COMMON MODE VOLTAGE RANGE4 COMMON MODE REJECTION, DC NOISE Full temperature range VCM = ±90V 100kHz BW, RS = 1KΩ, CC = 10pf ±VS–12 90 50 100 * * 110 1 10 30 GAIN OPEN LOOP, @ 15Hz RL = 2KΩ, CC = OPEN GAIN BANDWIDTH PRODUCT at 1MHz RL = 2KΩ, CC = 3.3pf POWER BANDWIDTH CC = 10pf CC = 3.3pf PHASE MARGIN Full temperature range 96 111 100 300 500 60 OUTPUT VOLTAGE SWING4 VOLTAGE SWING4 VOLTAGE SWING4 CURRENT, continuous SLEW RATE, AV = 20 SLEW RATE, AV = 100 CAPACITIVE LOAD, AV = +1 SETTLING TIME to .1% RESISTANCE, no load IO = ±200mA IO = ±75mA IO = ±20mA TC = 85°C CC = 10pf CC = OPEN Full temperature range CC = 10pf, 2V step RCL = 0 ±Vs–10 ±Vs–6.5 ±V–8.5 ±Vs–6.0 ±V–8.0 ±Vs–5.5 ±200 400 1000 470 1 50 700 * * * * POWER SUPPLY VOLTAGE6 CURRENT, quiescent Full temperature range ±15 ±150 21 ±225 25 * * * * * V mA * * °C/W °C/W °C/W °C THERMAL RESISTANCE, AC, junction to case5 RESISTANCE, DC, junction to case RESISTANCE, junction to air TEMPERATURE RANGE, case NOTES: * 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. CAUTION Full temperature range, F > 60Hz Full temperature range, F < 60Hz Full temperature range Meets full range specifications 2.5 4.2 30 –25 * +85 * * The specification of PA98A is identical to the specification for PA98 in applicable column to the left. Unless otherwise noted: TC = 25°C, compensation = CC = 68pF, RC = 100Ω. DC input specifications are ± value given. Power supply voltage is typical rating. Long term operation at the maximum junction temperature will result in reduced product life. Derate internal power dissipation to achieve high MTTF. Ratings apply only to output transistors. An additional 10W may be dissipated due to quiescent power. Doubles for every 10°C of temperature increase. +VS and –VS denote the positive and negative power supply rail respectively. Rating applies if the output current alternates between both output transistors at a rate faster than 60Hz. Derate max supply rating .625 V/°C below 25°C case. No derating needed above 25°C case. The PA98 is constructed from MOSFET transistors. ESD handling procedures must be observed. The exposed substrate contains beryllia (BeO). Do not crush, machine, or subject to temperatures in excess of 850°C to avoid generating toxic fumes. APEX MICROTECHNOLOGY CORPORATION • 5980 NORTH SHANNON ROAD • TUCSON, ARIZONA 85741 • USA • APPLICATIONS HOTLINE: 1 (800) 546-2739 2 POWER DERATING PHASE RESPONSE 0 –45 24 16 8 C C = 68pF C C = 10pF –135 –180 –225 9 7 TC 6 5 DISTORTION, (%) C C = 10pF 120 100 80 60 40 20 1K 10K 100K 1M FREQUENCY, F (Hz) 10M 125 100 75 50 R L = 2K Ω 0 100 200 250 OUTPUT CURRENT, I O (mA) AV = 30 PO = 15W CC = 10pf RL = 1KΩ .005 .003 .001 10 25 50K 100K 200K 500K 1M 2M FREQUENCY, F (Hz) 100 1K 10K FREQUENCY, F (Hz) 100K 5M INPUT NOISE VOLTAGE 20 15 10 7 5 3 2 10 POWER SUPPLY REJECTION 100 10K 1K FREQUENCY, F (Hz) 100K CURRENT LIMIT 140 500 CURRENT LIMIT, I LIM (mA) COMMON MODE REJECTION 140 250 4 .01 POWER SUPPLY REJECTION, PSR (dB) SLEW RATE, (V/ µ S) 30 75 15 45 90 0 60 EXT. COMPENSATION CAPACITOR, C C (pF) COMMON MODE REJECTION, CMR (dB) C = 25° 55°C TC = – .03 100 0 100 300 400 450 200 TOTAL SUPPLY VOLTAGE, VS (V) f .3p =3 8 HARMONIC DISTORTION 200 .90 POWER RESPONSE .05 500 .95 500 SLEW RATE 1000 TC = –55°C f 0p =1 100 1K 10K .1M 1M 10M 20M FREQUENCY, F (Hz) 1.00 f –20 10 TC = 25°C 8p C C = 68pF 0 °C 1.05 OUTPUT VOLTAGE SWING 10 125 =6 20 TC= CC C C = 10pF 40 1.10 CC 60 1.15 CC C C = 3.3pF 80 40M 5° C 100 1M 10M FREQUENCY F (Hz) 12 SMALL SIGNAL RESPONSE –270 .2M = 25 50 75 100 125 150 CASE TEMPERATURE, T C (°C) C 0 C C = 3.3pF T 0 120 OPEN LOOP GAIN, A (dB) –90 OUTPUT VOLTAGE, VO (VPP ) PHASE, Φ (°) 32 QUIESCENT CURRENT 1.20 INPUT NOISE VOLTAGE, VN (nV/ ÷ Hz) 40 NORMALIZED QUIESCENT CURRENT, I Q (X) PA98 • PA98A VOLTAGE DROP FROM SUPPLY, V S – VO (V) OUTPUT STAGE INTERNAL POWER DISSIPATION, P(W) TYPICAL PERFORMANCE GRAPHS 120 100 80 60 40 20 300 200 100 50 20 1 10 100 1K 10K .1M FREQUENCY, F (Hz) 1M 1 5 10 2 20 30 RESISTOR VALUE, R CL ( Ω) APEX MICROTECHNOLOGY CORPORATION • TELEPHONE (520) 690-8600 • FAX (520) 888-3329 • ORDERS (520) 690-8601 • EMAIL [email protected] 3 OPERATING CONSIDERATIONS PA98 • PA98A GENERAL Please read Application Note 1 "General Operating Considerations" which covers stability, supplies, heat sinking, mounting, current limit, SOA interpretation, and specification interpretation. Visit www.apexmicrotech.com for design tools that help automate tasks such as calculations for stability, internal power dissipation, current limit; heat sink selection; Apex’s complete Application Notes library; Technical Seminar Workbook; and Evaluation Kits. CURRENT LIMIT For proper operation, the current limit resistor (RCL) must be connected as shown in the external connection diagram. The minimum value is 1.4 ohm, however for optimum reliability the resistor value should be set as high as possible. The value is calculated as follows; with the maximum practical value of 30 ohms. .7 RCL = ILIM - .016 load. This is not the same as the absolute maximum internal power dissipation listed elsewhere in the specification since the quiescent power dissipation is significant compared to the total. INPUT PROTECTION Although the PA98 can withstand differential voltages up to ±25V, additional external protection is recommended. Since the PA98 is a high speed amplifier, low leakage, low capacitance JFETs connected as diodes are recommended (e.g. 2N4416, Q1-Q4 in Figure 1). The differential input voltage will be clamped to ±1.4V. This is sufficient overdrive to produce maximum power bandwidth. POWER SUPPLY PROTECTION NOTE: The output stage is protected against transient flyback. However, for protection against sustained, high energy flyback, external fast-recovery diodes should be used. Unidirectional zener diode transient suppressors are recommended as protection on the supply pins. The zeners clamp transients to voltages within the power supply rating and also clamp power supply reversals to ground. Whether the zeners are used or not, the system power supply should be evaluated for transient performance including power-on overshoot and power-off polarity reversals as well as line regulation. Conditions which can cause open circuits or polarity reversals on either power supply rail should be avoided or protected against. Reversals or opens on the negative supply rail is known to induce input stage failure. Unidirectional transzorbs prevent this, and it is desirable that they be both electrically and physically as close to the amplifier as possible. SAFE OPERATING CURVES STABILITY The safe operating area curves define the maximum additional internal power dissipation the amplifier can tolerate when it produces the necessary output to drive an external The PA98 is externally compensated and performance can be tailored to the application. Use the graphs of small signal response and power response as a guide. The compensation capacitor CC must be rated at 500V working voltage. An NPO capacitor is recommended. The compensation network CCRC must be mounted closely to the amplifier pins 7 and 8 to avoid spurious oscillation. SAFE OPERATING AREA (SOA) The MOSFET output stage of this power operational amplifier has two distinct limitations: 1. The current handling capability of the MOSFET geometry and the wire bonds. 2. The junction temperature of the output MOSFETs. OUTPUT CURRENT FROM +VS OR –VS, (mA) 500 20 300 0m 200 0m DC ,T 100 C DC ,T C C = 25 °C = Z1 S DC ,T 50 +VS 10 S 1 –IN Q1 Q3 85 Q2 +IN 12 6 PA98 °C = 11, 12 5° Q4 2 7, 8 C FIGURE 1. OVERVOLTAGE PROTECTION 30 20 10 25 Z2 –VS PULSE CURVES @ 10% DUTY CYCLE MAX 50 75 100 125 250 500 SUPPLY TO OUTPUT DIFFERENTIAL, VS –VO (V) This data sheet has been carefully checked and is believed to be reliable, however, no responsibility is assumed for possible inaccuracies or omissions. All specifications are subject to change without notice. PA98 • PA98AU REV.C JULY 2001 © 2001 Apex Microtechnology Corp.