HIGH VOLTAGE POWER OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS PA83 • PA83A HTTP://WWW.APEXMICROTECH.COM M I C R O T E C H N O L O G Y (800) 546-APEX (800) 546-2739 FEATURES • LOW BIAS CURRENT, LOW NOISE — FET Input • FULLY PROTECTED INPUT — Up to ±150V • WIDE SUPPLY RANGE — ±15V to ±150V APPLICATIONS • HIGH VOLTAGE INSTRUMENTATION • ELECTROSTATIC TRANSDUCERS & DEFLECTION • PROGRAMMABLE POWER SUPPLIES UP TO 290V • ANALOG SIMULATORS 100K +150V DESCRIPTION The PA83 is a high voltage operational amplifier designed for output voltage swings up to ±145V with a dual (±) supply or 290V with a single supply. Its input stage is protected against transient and steady state overvoltages up to and including the supply rails. High accuracy is achieved with a cascode input circuit configuration. All internal biasing is referenced to a zener diode fed by a FET constant current source. As a result, the PA83 features an unprecedented supply range and excellent supply rejection. The output stage is biased in the class A/ B mode for linear operation. Internal phase compensation assures stability at all gain settings without need for external components. Fixed current limits protect these amplifiers against shorts to common at supply voltages up to 120V. For operation into inductive loads, two external flyback pulse protection diodes are recommended. However, a heatsink may be necessary to maintain the proper case temperature under normal operating conditions. This hybrid circuit utilizes beryllia (BeO) substrates, thick (cermet) film resistors, ceramic capacitors and silicon semiconductor chips to maximize reliability, minimize size and give top performance. Ultrasonically bonded aluminum wires provide reliable interconnections at all operating temperatures. The 8-pin TO-3 package is hermetically sealed and electrically isolated. The use of compressible thermal isolation washers and/or improper mounting torque voids product warranty. Please see Application Note 1 “General Operating Considerations”. GATED OSCILLATOR 3.57K A1 PA83 ±5V –150V I= ∆V * C ∆t SIMPLE PIEZO ELECTRIC TRANSDUCER DRIVE TYPICAL APPLICATION While piezo electric transducers present a complex impedance, they are often primarily capacitive at useful frequencies. Due to this capacitance, the speed limitation for a given transducer/amplifier combination may well stem from limited current drive rather than power bandwidth restrictions. With its drive capability of 75mA, the PA83 can drive transducers having up to 2nF of capacitance at 40kHz at maximum output voltage. In the event the transducer may be subject to shock or vibration, flyback diodes, voltage clamps or other protection networks must be added to protect the amplifier from high voltages which may be generated. EQUIVALENT SCHEMATIC 4 2 C1 D1 3 EXTERNAL CONNECTIONS Q3 Q2 Q1 Q4 Q5 +VS BAL 3 BAL –IN 1 Q8 OUTPUT TOP VIEW Q9 C4 Q7 Q11 Q12B 1 Q12A 5 Q13 5 NOTES: 1. Pin 8 not internally connected. 2. Input offset trimpot optional. Recommended value 100K Ω . Q6 Q10 C5 4 +IN C3 C2 2 6 8 7 N.C. Q14 6 Q16 Q17 Q15 –VS C6 D2 7 APEX MICROTECHNOLOGY CORPORATION • TELEPHONE (520) 690-8600 • FAX (520) 888-3329 • ORDERS (520) 690-8601 • EMAIL [email protected] Powered by ICminer.com Electronic-Library Service CopyRight 2003 ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS SPECIFICATIONS PA83 • PA83A SUPPLY VOLTAGE, +VS to –VS OUTPUT CURRENT, within SOA POWER DISSIPATION, internal at TC = 25°C1 INPUT VOLTAGE, differential INPUT VOLTAGE, common mode TEMPERATURE, pin solder - 10s max (solder) TEMPERATURE, junction TEMPERATURE RANGE, storage OPERATING TEMPERATURE RANGE, case ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS SPECIFICATIONS PARAMETER 300V Internally Limited 17.5W ±300V ±300V 300°C 150°C –65 to +150°C –55 to +125°C PA83 TEST CONDITIONS 2 MIN PA83A TYP MAX ±1.5 ±10 ±.5 ±75 5 .01 ±2.5 ±.01 1011 6 ±3 ±25 MIN TYP MAX UNITS ±.5 ±5 ±.2 * 3 * ±1.5 * * * ±1 ±10 * mV µV/°C µV/V µV/√kh pA pA/V pA pA/V Ω pF V dB INPUT OFFSET VOLTAGE, initial OFFSET VOLTAGE, vs. temperature OFFSET VOLTAGE, vs. supply OFFSET VOLTAGE, vs. time BIAS CURRENT, initial3 BIAS CURRENT, vs. supply OFFSET CURRENT, initial3 OFFSET CURRENT, vs. supply INPUT IMPEDANCE, DC INPUT CAPACITANCE COMMON MODE VOLTAGE RANGE4 COMMON MODE REJECTION, DC TC = 25°C Full temperature range TC = 25°C TC = 25°C TC = 25°C TC = 25°C TC = 25°C TC = 25°C TC = 25°C Full temperature range Full temperature range Full temperature range ±VS–10 50 ±50 10 ±10 * 130 GAIN OPEN LOOP GAIN at 10Hz UNITY GAIN CROSSOVER FREQ. POWER BANDWIDTH PHASE MARGIN TC = 25°C, RL = 2KΩ TC = 25°C, RL = 2KΩ TC = 25°C, RL = 10KΩ Full temperature range 96 116 5 60 60 * 3 40 * * * * dB MHz kHz ° ±VS–10 ±VS–5 75 ±VS–5 ±VS–3 * * * * * V V mA mA V/µs nF µF µs OUTPUT VOLTAGE SWING4, full load VOLTAGE SWING4 CURRENT, peak CURRENT, short circuit SLEW RATE6 CAPACITIVE LOAD, unity gain CAPACITIVE LOAD, gain > 4 SETTLING TIME to .1% Full temp. range, IO = 75mA Full temp. range, IO = 15mA TC = 25°C TC = 25°C TC = 25°C, RL = 2KΩ Full temperature range Full temperature range TC = 25°C, RL = 2KΩ, 10V step 20 100 30 * * * 10 SOA * * 12 * POWER SUPPLY VOLTAGE CURRENT, quiescent TC = –55°C to +125°C TC = 25°C ±15 ±150 6 ±150 8.5 3.8 6 30 6.5 * * * * * * * * * V mA THERMAL RESISTANCE, AC, junction to case5 RESISTANCE, DC, junction to case RESISTANCE, case to air TEMP. RANGE, case (PA83/PA83A) TEMP. RANGE, case (PA83J) NOTES: * 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. CAUTION F > 60Hz F < 60Hz Meets full range specification Meets full range specification –25 0 +85 70 * * °C/W °C/W °C/W °C °C The specification of PA83A is identical to the specification for PA83 in applicable column to the left. Long term operation at the maximum junction temperature will result in reduced product life. Derate internal power dissipation to achieve high MTTF. The power supply voltage for all tests is the TYP rating, unless otherwise noted as a test condition. Doubles for every 10°C of temperature increase. +VS and –VS denote the positive and negative supply rail respectively. Total VS is measured from +VS to –VS. Rating applies if the output current alternates between both output transistors at a rate faster than 60Hz. Signal slew rates at pins 5 and 6 must be limited to less than 1V/ns to avoid damage. When faster waveforms are unavoidable, resistors in series with those pins, limiting current to 150mA will protect the amplifier from damage. The internal substrate contains beryllia (BeO). Do not break the seal. If accidentally broken, do not crush, machine, or subject to temperatures in excess of 850°C to avoid generating toxic fumes. APEX MICROTECHNOLOGY CORPORATION • 5980 NORTH SHANNON ROAD • TUCSON, ARIZONA 85741 • USA • APPLICATIONS HOTLINE: 1 (800) 546-2739 Powered by ICminer.com Electronic-Library Service CopyRight 2003 CURRENT LIMIT, ILIM (A) 20 15 10 PA83J 5 PA83/ PA83A 25 50 75 100 125 150 TEMPERATURE, T (°C) 0 0 PHASE, Φ (°) 60 40 –120 20 –150 0 –180 1 10 100 1K 10K 100K 1M 10M FREQUENCY, F (Hz) –210 1 2 0 –2 –4 –6 –.5 VIN = ±5V, tr =100ns 0 .5 COMMON MODE REJECTION 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 10 100 1K 10K .1M 1M FREQUENCY, F (Hz) RL = 2K Ω 1.4 1.2 1.0 .8 .6 .4 250 300 30 50 100 150 200 TOTAL SUPPLY VOLTAGE, VS (V) 1 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 TIME, t (µs) 140 1 NORMALIZED SLEW RATE (X) RL = 2K Ω 4 1.6 140 POWER SUPPLY REJECTION 120 100 80 +VS 60 40 –VS 20 0 1 7 6 5 TC 10 100 1K 10K .1M 1M FREQUENCY, F (Hz) = TC C 5° –2 = °C 25 °C 4 TC = 85 3 2 60 20 40 80 100 120 OUTPUT CURRENT IO (mA) 0 POWER RESPONSE | +VS | + | –VS | = 300V 200 RL = 2K Ω 100 60 | +VS | + | –VS | = 100V 30 15 50K 10 100 1K 10K .1M 1M 10M FREQUENCY, F (Hz) SLEW RATE VS. SUPPLY PULSE RESPONSE OUTPUT VOLTAGE SWING 8 300 RL = 2K Ω –90 POWER SUPPLY REJECTION, PSR (dB) OPEN LOOP GAIN, AOL (dB) PHASE RESPONSE –60 6 OUTPUT VOLTAGE, VO (VP) 50 –30 80 –20 COMMON MODE REJECTION, CMR (dB) 100 0 RL = 2K Ω 100 150 0 –55 –25 0 25 50 75 100 125 CASE TEMPERATURE, TC (°C) SMALL SIGNAL RESPONSE 120 200 INPUT NOISE VOLTAGE, VN (nV/ √ Hz) 25 CURRENT LIMIT 250 OUTPUT VOLTAGE, VO (VPP ) POWER DERATING 30 VOLTAGE DROP FROM SUPPLY, VS–VO (V) PA83 • PA83A COMMON MODE VOLTAGE, VCM (VPP) INTERNAL POWER DISSIPATION, P (W) TYPICAL PERFORMANCE GRAPHS .1M .2M .3M .5M .7M 1M FREQUENCY, F (Hz) INPUT NOISE 20 15 10 6 4 2 10 300 200 100 1K 10K FREQUENCY, F (Hz) .1M COMMON MODE VOLTAGE | +VS | + | –VS | = 300V 100 60 | +VS | + | –VS | = 100V 30 15 10K 20K 50K .1M .2M .5M 1M FREQUENCY, F (Hz) APEX MICROTECHNOLOGY CORPORATION • TELEPHONE (520) 690-8600 • FAX (520) 888-3329 • ORDERS (520) 690-8601 • EMAIL [email protected] Powered by ICminer.com Electronic-Library Service CopyRight 2003 OPERATING CONSIDERATIONS PA83 • PA83A GENERAL Please read Application Note 1, which covers stability, supplies, heatsinking, mounting, current limit, SOA interpretation, and specification interpretation. Additional information can be found in the application notes. For information on the package outline, heatsinks, and mounting hardware, consult the “Accessory and Package Mechanical Data” section of the handbook. SAFE OPERATING AREA (SOA) The bipolar output stage of this high voltage amplifier has two distinct limitations. 1. The internal current limit, which limits maximum available output current. 2. The second breakdown effect, which occurs whenever the simultaneous collector current and collector-emitter voltage exceed specified limits. 200 100 INTERNAL CURRENT LIMIT s O KD EA W s N ea +VS s 1m BR 5m st dy 5m N t= O t= 40 Two external diodes as shown in Figure 1, are required to protect these amplifiers against flyback (kickback) pulses exceeding the supply voltages of the amplifier when driving inductive loads. For component selection, these external diodes must be very quick, such as ultra fast recovery diodes with no more than 200 nanoseconds of reverse recovery time. Be sure the diode voltage rating is greater than the total of both supplies. The diode will turn on to divert the flyback energy into the supply rails thus protecting the output transistors from destruction due to reverse bias. A note of caution about the supply. The energy of the flyback pulse must be absorbed by the power supply. As a result, a transient will be superimposed on the supply voltage, the magnitude of the transient being a function of its transient impedance and current sinking capability. If the supply voltage plus transient exceeds the maximum supply rating or if the AC impedance of the supply is unknown, it is best to clamp the output and the supply with a zener diode to absorb the transient. 0. C 70 50 INDUCTIVE LOADS t= SE D OUTPUT CURRENT FROM +VS OR –VS(mA) 150 4. The output stage is protected against transient flyback. However, for protection against sustained, high energy flyback, external fast-recovery diodes should be used. st at e 30 –VS 20 120 150 100 200 250 300 80 INTERNAL VOLTAGE DROP, SUPPLY TO OUTPUT (V) FIGURE 1. PROTECTION, INDUCTIVE LOAD The SOA curves combine the effect of these limits. For a given application, the direction and magnitude of the output current should be calculated or measured and checked against the SOA curves. This is simple for resistive loads but more complex for reactive and EMF generating loads. However, the following guidelines may save extensive analytical efforts: 1. The following capacitive and inductive loads are safe: ±VS C(MAX) L(MAX) 150V .7 F 1.5H 125V 2.0µF 2.5H 100V 5.µF 6.0H 75V 60µF 30H 50V ALL ALL 2. Short circuits to ground are safe with dual supplies up to 120V or single supplies up to 120V. 3. Short circuits to the supply rails are safe with total supply voltages up to 120V, e.g. ±60V. This data sheet has been carefully checked and is believed to be reliable, however, no responsibility is assumed for possible inaccuracies or omissions. All specifications are subject to change without notice. PA83U REV. M JANUARY 2000 © 2000 Apex Microtechnology Corp. Powered by ICminer.com Electronic-Library Service CopyRight 2003