LME49870 44V Single High Performance, High Fidelity Audio Operational Amplifier General Description RL = 2kΩ 0.00003% (typ) The LME49870 is part of the ultra-low distortion, low noise, high slew rate operational amplifier series optimized and fully specified for high performance, high fidelity applications. Combining advanced leading-edge process technology with state-of-the-art circuit design, the LME49870 audio operational amplifier delivers superior audio signal amplification for outstanding audio performance. The LME49870 combines extremely low voltage noise density (2.7nV/√Hz) with vanishingly low THD+N (0.00003%) to easily satisfy the most demanding audio applications. To ensure that the most challenging loads are driven without compromise, the LME49870 has a high slew rate of ±20V/μs and an output current capability of ±26mA. Further, dynamic range is maximized by an output stage that drives 2kΩ loads to within 1V of either power supply voltage and to within 1.4V when driving 600Ω loads. The LME49870's outstanding CMRR (120dB), PSRR (120dB), and VOS (0.1mV) give the amplifier excellent operational amplifier DC performance. The LME49870 has a wide supply range of ±2.5V to ±22V. Over this supply range the LME49870 maintains excellent common-mode rejection, power supply rejection, and low input bias current. The LME49870 is unity gain stable. This Audio Operational Amplifier achieves outstanding AC performance while driving complex loads with values as high as 100pF. The LME49870 is available in 8–lead narrow body SOIC. Demonstration boards are available for each package. RL = 600Ω 0.00003% (typ) Key Specifications ■ Power Supply Voltage Range ±2.5V to ±22V ■ THD+N ■ Input Noise Density 2.7nV/√Hz (typ) ■ Slew Rate ±20V/μs (typ) ■ Gain Bandwidth Product 55MHz (typ) ■ Open Loop Gain (RL = 600Ω) 140dB (typ) ■ Input Bias Current 10nA (typ) ■ Input Offset Voltage 0.1mV (typ) ■ DC Gain Linearity Error 0.000009% Features ■ ■ ■ ■ Easily drives 600Ω loads Optimized for superior audio signal fidelity Output short circuit protection PSRR and CMRR exceed 120dB (typ) Applications ■ High quality audio amplification ■ High fidelity preamplifiers, phono preamps, and ■ ■ ■ ■ multimedia High performance professional audio High fidelity equalization and crossover networks with active filters High performance line drivers and receivers Low noise industrial applications including test, measurement, and ultrasound (AV = 1, VOUT = 3VRMS, fIN = 1kHz) Typical Application 300194k5 Passively Equalized RIAA Phono Preamplifier © 2008 National Semiconductor Corporation 300194 www.national.com LME49870 44V Single High Performance, High Fidelity Audio Operational Amplifier January 14, 2008 LME49870 Connection Diagrams 30019401 Order Number LME49870MA See NS Package Number — M08A LME49870 Top Mark 30019402 N — National Logo Z — Assembly Plant code X — 1 Digit Date code TT — Die Traceability L49870 — LME49870 MA — Package code www.national.com 2 If Military/Aerospace specified devices are required, please contact the National Semiconductor Sales Office/ Distributors for availability and specifications. 200V 100V 150°C θJA (SO) Power Supply Voltage (VS = V+ - V-) Storage Temperature Input Voltage 46V −65°C to 150°C Output Short Circuit (Note 3) Power Dissipation ESD Rating (Note 4) ESD Rating (Note 5) 145°C/W Operating Ratings (V-) - 0.7V to (V+) + 0.7V Continuous Internally Limited 2000V Temperature Range TMIN ≤ TA ≤ TMAX Supply Voltage Range −40°C ≤ TA ≤ 85°C ±2.5V ≤ VS ≤ ±22V Electrical Characteristics for the LME49870 (Note 1) The following specifications apply for VS = ±18V and ±22V, RL = 2kΩ, RSOURCE = 10Ω, fIN = 1kHz, TA = 25°C, unless otherwise specified. LME49870 Symbol Parameter Conditions Typical Limit (Note 6) (Note 7) Units (Limits) AV = 1, VOUT = 3Vrms THD+N Total Harmonic Distortion + Noise RL = 2kΩ 0.00003 0.00003 RL = 600Ω IMD Intermodulation Distortion GBWP Gain Bandwidth Product SR Slew Rate AV = 1, VOUT = 3VRMS Two-tone, 60Hz & 7kHz 4:1 % (max) 0.00009 0.00005 % 55 45 MHz (min) ±20 ±15 V/μs (min) FPBW Full Power Bandwidth VOUT = 1VP-P, –3dB referenced to output magnitude at f = 1kHz ts Settling time AV = –1, 10V step, CL = 100pF 0.1% error range 1.2 Equivalent Input Noise Voltage fBW = 20Hz to 20kHz 0.34 0.65 μVRMS Equivalent Input Noise Density f = 1kHz f = 10Hz 2.5 6.4 4.7 nV/√Hz in Current Noise Density f = 1kHz f = 10Hz 1.6 3.1 VOS Offset Voltage ΔVOS/ΔTemp Average Input Offset Voltage Drift vs –40°C ≤ TA ≤ 85°C Temperature 0.1 PSRR Average Input Offset Voltage Shift vs VS = ±18V, ΔVS = 24V (Note 8) Power Supply Voltage VS = ±22V, ΔVS = 30V 120 120 110 IB Input Bias Current VCM = 0V 10 72 ΔIOS/ΔTemp Input Bias Current Drift vs Temperature –40°C ≤ TA ≤ 85°C 0.2 IOS Input Offset Current VCM = 0V 11 VS = ±18V +17.1 –16.9 VS = ±22V +21.0 –20.8 en VIN-CM 10 MHz μs VS = ±18V ±0.12 VS = ±22V ±0.14 Common-Mode Input Voltage Range 3 (max) (max) pA/√Hz mV (max) ±0.7 mV (max) μV/°C dB (min) nA (max) nA/°C 65 nA (max) V (min) V (min) (V+) – 2.0 (V-) + 2.0 V (min) V (min) www.national.com LME49870 Pins 1, 4, 7 and 8 Pins 2, 3, 5 and 6 Junction Temperature Thermal Resistance Absolute Maximum Ratings (Notes 1, 2) LME49870 LME49870 Symbol Parameter Conditions VS = ±18V CMRR ZIN Common-Mode Rejection –12V≤Vcm≤12V VS = ±22V Limit (Note 6) (Note 7) 120 Units (Limits) dB (min) –15V≤Vcm≤15V 120 30 kΩ –10V<Vcm<10V 1000 MΩ 140 140 140 dB dB dB Differential Input Impedance Common Mode Input Impedance Typical 110 dB (min) VS = ±18V –12V≤Vout≤12V RL = 600Ω RL = 2kΩ AVOL Open Loop Voltage Gain RL = 10Ω VS = ±22V –15V≤Vout≤15V RL = 600Ω VOUTMAX IOUT Maximum Output Voltage Swing Output Current 125 RL = 10Ω 140 140 140 RL = 600Ω VS = ±18V VS = ±22V ±16.7 ±20.4 RL = 2kΩ VS = ±18V VS = ±22V ±17.0 ±21.0 V (min) V (min) RL = 10kΩ VS = ±18V VS = ±22V ±17.1 ±21.0 V (min) V (min) RL = 600Ω VS = ±20V VS = ±22V ±31 ±37 RL = 2kΩ ±19.0 ±30 +53 –42 IOUT-CC Instantaneous Short Circuit Current ROUT Output Impedance fIN = 10kHz Closed-Loop Open-Loop CLOAD Capacitive Load Drive Overshoot IS Total Quiescent Current dB dB dB V (min) V (min) mA (min) mA (min) mA 0.01 13 Ω 100pF 16 % IOUT = 0mA 5 6.5 mA (max) Note 1: “Absolute Maximum Ratings” indicate limits beyond which damage to the device may occur, including inoperability and degradation of device reliability and/or performance. Functional operation of the device and/or non-degradation at the Absolute Maximum Ratings or other conditions beyond those indicated in the Recommended Operating Conditions is not implied. The Recommended Operating Conditions indicate conditions at which the device is functional and the device should not be operated beyond such conditions. All voltages are measured with respect to the ground pin, unless otherwise specified. Note 2: The Electrical Characteristics tables list guaranteed specifications under the listed Recommended Operating Conditions except as otherwise modified or specified by the Electrical Characteristics Conditions and/or Notes. Typical specifications are estimations only and are not guaranteed. Note 3: The maximum power dissipation must be derated at elevated temperatures and is dictated by TJMAX, θJA, and the ambient temperature, TA. The maximum allowable power dissipation is PDMAX = (TJMAX - TA) / θJA or the number given in Absolute Maximum Ratings, whichever is lower. Note 4: Human body model, applicable std. JESD22-A114C. Note 5: Machine model, applicable std. JESD22-A115-A. Note 6: Typical values represent most likely parametric norms at TA = +25ºC, and at the Recommended Operation Conditions at the time of product characterization and are not guaranteed. Note 7: Datasheet min/max specification limits are guaranteed by test or statistical analysis. Note 8: PSRR is measured as follows: For VS, VOS is measured at two supply voltages, ±7V and ±22V, PSRR = |20log(ΔVOS/ΔVS)|. www.national.com 4 LME49870 Typical Performance Characteristics THD+N vs Output Voltage VCC = 15V, VEE = –15V RL = 2kΩ THD+N vs Output Voltage VCC = 12V, VEE = –12V RL = 2kΩ 300194k6 300194k7 THD+N vs Output Voltage VCC = 22V, VEE = –22V RL = 2kΩ THD+N vs Output Voltage VCC = 2.5V, VEE = –2.5V RL = 2kΩ 300194k8 300194i4 THD+N vs Output Voltage VCC = 15V, VEE = –15V RL = 600Ω THD+N vs Output Voltage VCC = 12V, VEE = –12V RL = 600Ω 300194k9 300194l0 5 www.national.com LME49870 THD+N vs Output Voltage VCC = 22V, VEE = –22V RL = 600Ω THD+N vs Output Voltage VCC = 2.5V, VEE = –2.5V RL = 600Ω 300194l1 300194i6 THD+N vs Output Voltage VCC = 15V, VEE = –15V RL = 10kΩ THD+N vs Output Voltage VCC = 12V, VEE = –12V RL = 10kΩ 300194l2 300194l3 THD+N vs Output Voltage VCC = 22V, VEE = –22V RL = 10kΩ THD+N vs Output Voltage VCC = 2.5V, VEE = –2.5V RL = 10kΩ 300194l4 300194i5 www.national.com 6 LME49870 THD+N vs Frequency VCC = 15V, VEE = –15V, VOUT = 3VRMS RL = 2kΩ THD+N vs Frequency VCC = 12V, VEE = –12V, VOUT = 3VRMS RL = 2kΩ 30019463 30019462 THD+N vs Frequency VCC = 22V, VEE = –22V, VOUT = 3VRMS RL = 2kΩ THD+N vs Frequency VCC = 15V, VEE = –15V, VOUT = 3VRMS RL = 600Ω 30019464 30019459 THD+N vs Frequency VCC = 12V, VEE = –12V, VOUT = 3VRMS RL = 600Ω THD+N vs Frequency VCC = 22V, VEE = –22V, VOUT = 3VRMS RL = 600Ω 300194k3 30019460 7 www.national.com LME49870 THD+N vs Frequency VCC = 15V, VEE = –15V, VOUT = 3VRMS RL = 10kΩ THD+N vs Frequency VCC = 12V, VEE = –12V, VOUT = 3VRMS RL = 10kΩ 30019467 30019466 THD+N vs Frequency VCC = 22V, VEE = –22V, VOUT = 3VRMS RL = 10kΩ IMD vs Output Voltage VCC = 15V, VEE = –15V RL = 2kΩ 30019468 300194e6 IMD vs Output Voltage VCC = 12V, VEE = –12V RL = 2kΩ IMD vs Output Voltage VCC = 22V, VEE = –22V RL = 2kΩ 300194e5 www.national.com 300194e7 8 LME49870 IMD vs Output Voltage VCC = 2.5V, VEE = –2.5V RL = 2kΩ IMD vs Output Voltage VCC = 15V, VEE = –15V RL = 600Ω 300194e2 300194e4 IMD vs Output Voltage VCC = 12V, VEE = –12V RL = 600Ω IMD vs Output Voltage VCC = 22V, VEE = –22V RL = 600Ω 300194e0 300194e3 IMD vs Output Voltage VCC = 2.5V, VEE = –2.5V RL = 600Ω IMD vs Output Voltage VCC = 15V, VEE = –15V RL = 10kΩ 300194e1 300194f1 9 www.national.com LME49870 IMD vs Output Voltage VCC = 12V, VEE = –12V RL = 10kΩ IMD vs Output Voltage VCC = 22V, VEE = –22V RL = 10kΩ 300194f0 300194f2 IMD vs Output Voltage VCC = 2.5V, VEE = –2.5V RL = 10kΩ Voltage Noise Density vs Frequency 300194h6 300194l6 Current Noise Density vs Frequency PSRR+ vs Frequency VCC = 15V, VEE = –15V RL = 2kΩ, VRIPPLE = 200mVpp 300194h7 300194p7 www.national.com 10 LME49870 PSRR- vs Frequency VCC = 15V, VEE = –15V RL = 2kΩ, VRIPPLE = 200mVpp PSRR+ vs Frequency VCC = 17V, VEE = –17V RL = 2kΩ, VRIPPLE = 200mVpp 300194r2 300194q0 PSRR- vs Frequency VCC = 17V, VEE = –17V RL = 2kΩ, VRIPPLE = 200mVpp PSRR+ vs Frequency VCC = 12V, VEE = –12V RL = 2kΩ, VRIPPLE = 200mVpp 300194r2 300194p4 PSRR- vs Frequency VCC = 12V, VEE = –12V RL = 2kΩ, VRIPPLE = 200mVpp PSRR+ vs Frequency VCC = 22V, VEE = –22V RL = 2kΩ, VRIPPLE = 200mVpp 300194q9 300194q3 11 www.national.com LME49870 PSRR- vs Frequency VCC = 22V, VEE = –22V RL = 2kΩ, VRIPPLE = 200mVpp PSRR+ vs Frequency VCC = 2.5V, VEE = –2.5V RL = 2kΩ, VRIPPLE = 200mVpp 300194r8 300194p1 PSRR- vs Frequency VCC = 2.5V, VEE = –2.5V RL = 2kΩ, VRIPPLE = 200mVpp PSRR+ vs Frequency VCC = 15V, VEE = –15V RL = 600Ω, VRIPPLE = 200mVpp 300194q6 300194p9 PSRR- vs Frequency VCC = 15V, VEE = –15V RL = 600Ω, VRIPPLE = 200mVpp PSRR+ vs Frequency VCC = 17V, VEE = –17V RL = 600Ω, VRIPPLE = 200mVpp 300194q2 300194r4 www.national.com 12 LME49870 PSRR- vs Frequency VCC = 17V, VEE = –17V RL = 600Ω, VRIPPLE = 200mVpp PSRR+ vs Frequency VCC = 12V, VEE = –12V RL = 600Ω, VRIPPLE = 200mVpp 300194p6 300194r7 PSRR- vs Frequency VCC = 12V, VEE = –12V RL = 600Ω, VRIPPLE = 200mVpp PSRR+ vs Frequency VCC = 22V, VEE = –22V RL = 600Ω, VRIPPLE = 200mVpp 300194q5 300194r1 PSRR- vs Frequency VCC = 22V, VEE = –22V RL = 600Ω, VRIPPLE = 200mVpp PSRR+ vs Frequency VCC = 2.5V, VEE = –2.5V RL = 600Ω, VRIPPLE = 200mVpp 300194s0 300194p3 13 www.national.com LME49870 PSRR- vs Frequency VCC = 2.5V, VEE = –2.5V RL = 600Ω, VRIPPLE = 200mVpp PSRR+ vs Frequency VCC = 15V, VEE = –15V RL = 10kΩ, VRIPPLE = 200mVpp 300194q8 300194p8 PSRR- vs Frequency VCC = 15V, VEE = –15V RL = 10kΩ, VRIPPLE = 200mVpp PSRR+ vs Frequency VCC = 17V, VEE = –17V RL = 10kΩ, VRIPPLE = 200mVpp 300194r3 300194q1 PSRR- vs Frequency VCC = 17V, VEE = –17V RL = 10kΩ, VRIPPLE = 200mVpp PSRR+ vs Frequency VCC = 12V, VEE = –12V RL = 10kΩ, VRIPPLE = 200mVpp 300194r6 www.national.com 300194p5 14 LME49870 PSRR- vs Frequency VCC = 12V, VEE = –12V RL = 10kΩ, VRIPPLE = 200mVpp PSRR+ vs Frequency VCC = 22V, VEE = –22V RL = 10kΩ, VRIPPLE = 200mVpp 300194q4 300194r0 PSRR- vs Frequency VCC = 22V, VEE = –22V RL = 10kΩ, VRIPPLE = 200mVpp PSRR+ vs Frequency VCC = 2.5V, VEE = –2.5V RL = 10kΩ, VRIPPLE = 200mVpp 300194r9 300194p2 PSRR- vs Frequency VCC = 2.5V, VEE = –2.5V RL = 10kΩ, VRIPPLE = 200mVpp CMRR vs Frequency VCC = 15V, VEE = –15V RL = 2kΩ 300194g0 300194q7 15 www.national.com LME49870 CMRR vs Frequency VCC = 12V, VEE = –12V RL = 2kΩ CMRR vs Frequency VCC = 22V, VEE = –22V RL = 2kΩ 300194f7 300194g3 CMRR vs Frequency VCC = 2.5V, VEE = –2.5V RL = 2kΩ CMRR vs Frequency VCC = 15V, VEE = –15V RL = 600Ω 300194o9 300194f4 CMRR vs Frequency VCC = 12V, VEE = –12V RL = 600Ω CMRR vs Frequency VCC = 22V, VEE = –22V RL = 600Ω 300194g5 300194f9 www.national.com 16 LME49870 CMRR vs Frequency VCC = 2.5V, VEE = –2.5V RL = 600Ω CMRR vs Frequency VCC = 15V, VEE = –15V RL = 10kΩ 300194o8 300194f6 CMRR vs Frequency VCC = 12V, VEE = –12V RL = 10kΩ CMRR vs Frequency VCC = 22V, VEE = –22V RL = 10kΩ 300194g4 300194f8 CMRR vs Frequency VCC = 2.5V, VEE = –2.5V RL = 10kΩ Output Voltage vs Load Resistance VCC = 15V, VEE = –15V THD+N = 1% 300194h1 300194f5 17 www.national.com LME49870 Output Voltage vs Load Resistance VCC = 12V, VEE = –12V THD+N = 1% Output Voltage vs Load Resistance VCC = 22V, VEE = –22V THD+N = 1% 300194h0 300194h2 Output Voltage vs Load Resistance VCC = 2.5V, VEE = –2.5V THD+N = 1% Output Voltage vs Total Power Supply Voltage RL = 2kΩ, THD+N = 1% 30019407 300194g9 Output Voltage vs Total Power Supply Voltage RL = 600Ω, THD+N = 1% Output Voltage vs Total Power Supply Voltage RL = 10kΩ, THD+N = 1% 30019409 www.national.com 30019408 18 Power Supply Current vs Total Power Supply Voltage RL = 600Ω 30019413 30019415 Power Supply Current vs Total Power Supply Voltage RL = 10kΩ Full Power Bandwidth vs Frequency VS = ±18V, RL = 2kΩ 300194j0 30019414 Gain Phase vs Frequency VS = ±18V, RL = 2kΩ Small-Signal Transient Response AV = 1, CL = 10pF 300194i7 300194j1 19 www.national.com LME49870 Power Supply Current vs Total Power Supply Voltage RL = 2kΩ LME49870 Small-Signal Transient Response AV = 1, CL = 100pF 300194i8 www.national.com 20 DISTORTION MEASUREMENTS The vanishingly low residual distortion produced by LME49870 is below the capabilities of all commercially available equipment. This makes distortion measurements just slightly more difficult than simply connecting a distortion meter to the amplifier’s inputs and outputs. The solution, however, is quite simple: an additional resistor. Adding this resistor extends the resolution of the distortion measurement equipment. The LME49870’s low residual distortion is an input referred internal error. As shown in Figure 1, adding the 10Ω resistor connected between the amplifier’s inverting and non-inverting 300194k4 FIGURE 1. THD+N and IMD Distortion Test Circuit 21 www.national.com LME49870 inputs changes the amplifier’s noise gain. The result is that the error signal (distortion) is amplified by a factor of 101. Although the amplifier’s closed-loop gain is unaltered, the feedback available to correct distortion errors is reduced by 101, which means that measurement resolution increases by 101. To ensure minimum effects on distortion measurements, keep the value of R1 low as shown in Figure 1. This technique is verified by duplicating the measurements with high closed loop gain and/or making the measurements at high frequencies. Doing so produces distortion components that are within the measurement equipment’s capabilities. This datasheet’s THD+N and IMD values were generated using the above described circuit connected to an Audio Precision System Two Cascade. Application Information LME49870 The LME49870 is a high speed op amp with excellent phase margin and stability. Capacitive loads up to 100pF will cause little change in the phase characteristics of the amplifiers and are therefore allowable. Capacitive loads greater than 100pF must be isolated from the output. The most straightforward way to do this is to put a resistor in series with the output. This resistor will also prevent excess power dissipation if the output is accidentally shorted. 30019427 Complete shielding is required to prevent induced pick up from external sources. Always check with oscilloscope for power line noise. Noise Measurement Circuit Total Gain: 115 dB @f = 1 kHz Input Referred Noise Voltage: en = V0/560,000 (V) RIAA Preamp Voltage Gain, RIAA Deviation vs Frequency Flat Amp Voltage Gain vs Frequency 30019428 www.national.com 30019429 22 LME49870 TYPICAL APPLICATIONS NAB Preamp NAB Preamp Voltage Gain vs Frequency 30019431 30019430 AV = 34.5 F = 1 kHz En = 0.38 μV A Weighted Balanced to Single Ended Converter Adder/Subtracter 30019433 VO = V1 + V2 − V3 − V4 30019432 VO = V1–V2 Sine Wave Oscillator 30019434 23 www.national.com LME49870 Second Order High Pass Filter (Butterworth) Second Order Low Pass Filter (Butterworth) 30019435 30019436 Illustration is f0 = 1 kHz Illustration is f0 = 1 kHz State Variable Filter 30019437 Illustration is f0 = 1 kHz, Q = 10, ABP = 1 www.national.com 24 LME49870 AC/DC Converter 30019438 2 Channel Panning Circuit (Pan Pot) Line Driver 30019439 30019440 25 www.national.com LME49870 Tone Control 30019441 Illustration is: fL = 32 Hz, fLB = 320 Hz fH =11 kHz, fHB = 1.1 kHz 30019442 RIAA Preamp 30019403 Av = 35 dB En = 0.33 μV S/N = 90 dB f = 1 kHz A Weighted A Weighted, VIN = 10 mV @f = 1 kHz www.national.com 26 LME49870 Balanced Input Mic Amp 30019443 Illustration is: V0 = 101(V2 − V1) 27 www.national.com LME49870 10 Band Graphic Equalizer 30019444 fo (Hz) C1 C2 R1 R2 32 0.12μF 4.7μF 75kΩ 500Ω 64 0.056μF 3.3μF 68kΩ 510Ω 125 0.033μF 1.5μF 62kΩ 510Ω 250 0.015μF 8200pF 0.82μF 68kΩ 470Ω 500 0.39μF 62kΩ 470Ω 1k 3900pF 0.22μF 68kΩ 470Ω 2k 2000pF 0.1μF 68kΩ 470Ω 4k 1100pF 0.056μF 62kΩ 470Ω 8k 510pF 0.022μF 68kΩ 510Ω 16k 330pF 0.012μF 51kΩ 510Ω Note 9: At volume of change = ±12 dB Q = 1.7 Reference: “AUDIO/RADIO HANDBOOK”, National Semiconductor, 1980, Page 2–61 www.national.com 28 LME49870 Headphone Amplifier 30019410 29 www.national.com LME49870 High Performance Synchronous Demodulator 30019411 Long-Wavelength Infrared Detector Amplifier 30019412 www.national.com 30 LME49870 Revision History Rev Date 1.0 09/20/07 Description Initial release. 1.1 09/27/07 Updated Notes 1–7 (per National standard). 1.2 12/20/07 Deleted all Crosstalk vs Frequency curves. 1.3 01/14/08 Edited some graphics. 31 www.national.com LME49870 Physical Dimensions inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted Narrow SOIC Package Order Number LME49870MA NS Package Number M08A www.national.com 32 LME49870 Notes 33 www.national.com LME49870 44V Single High Performance, High Fidelity Audio Operational Amplifier Notes For more National Semiconductor product information and proven design tools, visit the following Web sites at: Products Design Support Amplifiers www.national.com/amplifiers WEBENCH www.national.com/webench Audio www.national.com/audio Analog University www.national.com/AU Clock Conditioners www.national.com/timing App Notes www.national.com/appnotes Data Converters www.national.com/adc Distributors www.national.com/contacts Displays www.national.com/displays Green Compliance www.national.com/quality/green Ethernet www.national.com/ethernet Packaging www.national.com/packaging Interface www.national.com/interface Quality and Reliability www.national.com/quality LVDS www.national.com/lvds Reference Designs www.national.com/refdesigns Power Management www.national.com/power Feedback www.national.com/feedback Switching Regulators www.national.com/switchers LDOs www.national.com/ldo LED Lighting www.national.com/led PowerWise www.national.com/powerwise Serial Digital Interface (SDI) www.national.com/sdi Temperature Sensors www.national.com/tempsensors Wireless (PLL/VCO) www.national.com/wireless THE CONTENTS OF THIS DOCUMENT ARE PROVIDED IN CONNECTION WITH NATIONAL SEMICONDUCTOR CORPORATION (“NATIONAL”) PRODUCTS. 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