ETC PT5548

PT5540 Series
12-W 5-V Input Step-Up (Boost)
Integrated Switching Regulator
SLTS175 FEBRUARY 2003
Features
• Input Voltage: 5V
• 84% Efficiency
• Industrial Temperature Range:
–40°C to +85°C
• Under-Voltage Lockout
• Soft Start
Description
Ordering Information
The PT5540 Excalibur™ power modules
are a series of integrated switching regulators
(ISRs) that provide a boost-voltage function.
They are designed for use with +5V bus
systems that require an additional higher
voltage rail.
The modules are rated 12W and produce
a fixed output voltage over the full industrial
temperature range of -40°C to +85°C. The
series includes the common output voltages,
+12V and +15V. Applications include PCI
cards, audio circuits, and battery operated
instruments.
The PT5540 series is packaged in a 3-pin
thermally efficient copper case. The case is
solderable, has a small footprint, and can
accommodate both through-hole and surface
mount pin configurations.
The PT5540 series is offered as a next
generation replacement to the popular PT5040
series. The PT5540 has a lower operating
temperature range and improved start-up
characteristics.
PT5541H
PT5542H
PT5544H
PT5545H
PT5546H
PT5548H
• Small Footprint: 0.94in × 0.35in
(Vertical package)
• Solderable Copper Case
• Surface Mountable
• IPC Lead Free 2
Pin-Out Information
= +12 Volts
= +15 Volts
= + 8 Volts
= + 9 Volts
= +10 Volts
= +12.6 Volts
Pin Function
1
Vin
2
GND
3
Vo
PT Series Suffix (PT1234 x )
Case/Pin
Configuration
Vertical
Horizontal
SMD
Order
Suffix
N
A
C
Package
Code
(EFN)
(EFP)
(EFQ)
(Reference the applicable package code drawing for the dimensions and PC board layout)
Standard Application
+
CIN
100µF
1
PT5540
2
COM
+VO
3
COUT
100µF
+
+VIN
COM
CIN
= Required 100µF electrolytic
COUT = Required 100µF electrolytic
(not to exceed 560µF)
For technical support and more information, see inside back cover or visit www.ti.com
PT5540 Series
12-W 5-V Input Step-Up (Boost)
Integrated Switching Regulator
Specifications
(Unless otherwise stated, Ta =25°C, Vin =5V, Cin =100µF, Cout =100µF, and Io =Iomax)
Characteristics
Symbols
Output Current
Io
Input Voltage Range
Vin
Set-Point Voltage Tolerance
Temperature Variation
Line Regulation
Load Regulation
Total Output Variation
Vo tol
∆Regtemp
∆Regline
∆Regload
∆Regtot
Efficiency
η
Vo Ripple (pk-pk)
Transient Response
Under-Voltage Lockout
Start-up Current
Switching Frequency
External Capacitance
Operating Temperature Range
Storage Temperature
Mechanical Shock
Vr
ttr
∆Vtr
UVLO
Iinstart
ƒo
Cin
Cout
Ta
Ts
Mechanical Vibration
Weight
Flammability
Notes: (1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
SLTS175 FEBRUARY 2003
—
—
Conditions
Over Vin range
Over Io range
–40°C <Ta < +85°C, Io =Iomin
Over Vin range
Over Io range
Includes set-point, line, load,
–40°C ≤ T a ≤ +85°C
Io =75% of Iomax
Min
PT5541/8
PT5542
PT5544
PT5545
PT5546
Vo >10V
Vo ≤10V
PT5541/8
PT5542
PT5544
PT5545
PT5546
20MHz bandwidth
1A/µs load step, 50% of I o max
V o over/undershoot
Vin increasing
Hysterisis
On start up, Cout =560uF
Over Vin and Io ranges
Over Vin range
—
Per Mil-STD-883D, Method 2002.3 , 1 msec,
Half Sine, mounted to a fixture
Per Mil-STD-883D, Method 2007.2,
20-2000 Hz, Soldered in a PC board
—
Materials meet UL 94V-0
0.1 (1)
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
4.5
4.5
—
—
—
—
PT5540 SERIES
Typ
Max
—
—
—
—
—
Units
—
—
±0.5
—
—
1
0.75
1.75
1.5
1.3
9
(Vo–1)
±2
—
±0.5
±0.5
V
—
±3
—
%Vo
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
0.1
—
300
100 (3)
100 (3)
–40 (4)
-40
—
84
84
86
86
86
2
150
1
4.3
0.2
Iin + 0.5
350
—
—
—
—
500
—
—
—
—
—
5
—
3
—
—
—
400
—
560
+85 (5)
+125
—
—
—
20 (6)
6.5
—
—
A
%Vo
%Vo
%Vo
%Vo
%
% Vo
µSec
% Vo
V
A
kHz
µF
°C
°C
G’s
G’s
grams
The ISR will operate down to no load with reduced specifications.
Boost topology ISRs are not short circuit protected.
The PT5540 Series requires a 100µF electrolytic or tantalum capacitor at both the input and output for proper operation in all applications.
For operation below 0°C, the output capacitor C2 must have stable characteristics. Use either a low ESR tantalum or Oscon® capacitor.
See SOA curves or consult factory for the appropriate derating.
The case pins on the through-hole package types (suffixes N & A) must be soldered. For more information see the applicable package outline drawing.
For technical support and more information, see inside back cover or visit www.ti.com
Typical Characteristics
PT5540 Series
12-W 5-V Input Step-Up (Boost)
Integrated Switching Regulator
SLTS175 FEBRUARY 2003
PT5541, 12VDC (See Note A)
Efficiency vs Output Current
VIN
9.0V
7.0V
5.0V
70
9.0V
8.0V
7.0V
6.0V
5.0V
80
70
60
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
60
50
0
0.15
0.3
Iout (A)
0.45
0.6
0
0.75
Ripple vs Output Current
Ripple vs Output Current
150
100
Ripple - mV
5.0V
6.0V
7.0V
8.0V
9.0V
200
VIN
5.0V
6.0V
7.0V
8.0V
9.0V
160
120
50
80
0.8
1
100
0
0
0.15
0.3
0.45
0.6
0.75
0
Power Dissipation vs Output Current
Power Dissipation vs Output Current
1.5
1
0.5
5.0V
6.0V
7.0V
8.0V
9.0V
1.5
1
0.8
1
0.15
0.3
0.45
0.6
0.75
0.3
0.6
Airflow
70
200LFM
120LFM
60LFM
Nat Conv
60
50
40
30
0.8
1
1.2
1.5
Safe Operating Area; Vin =5V (See Note B)
90
Airflow
70
200LFM
120LFM
60LFM
Nat Conv
60
50
40
30
20
20
0.9
Iout (A)
Ambient Temperature (°C)
80
Ambient Temperature (°C)
90
80
Iout (A)
0
Safe Operating Area; Vin =5V (See Note B)
90
0.6
1
Iout (A)
Safe Operating Area; Vin =5V (See Note B)
0.4
5.0V
6.0V
7.0V
8.0V
1.5
0
0
Iout (A)
0.2
VIN
0.5
0
0.6
1.5
2
0.5
0
1.2
Power Dissipation vs Output Current
VIN
2
Pd - Watts
5.0V
6.0V
7.0V
8.0V
9.0V
0.9
2.5
Pd - Watts
VIN
2
0
0.6
Iout (A)
2.5
0.4
0.3
Iout (A)
2.5
0.2
5.0V
6.0V
7.0V
8.0V
50
Iout (A)
0
VIN
150
0
0.6
1.5
200
40
0
1.2
Ripple vs Output Current
200
VIN
0.9
250
Ripple - mV
250
0.4
0.6
Iout (A)
240
0.2
0.3
Iout (A)
300
0
8.0V
7.0V
6.0V
5.0V
70
50
0
VIN
80
60
50
Ripple - mV
90
Efficiency - %
80
Efficiency - %
90
VIN
Efficiency - %
100
100
90
Pd - Watts
Efficiency vs Output Current
Efficiency vs Output Current
100
Ambient Temperature (°C)
PT5545, 9VDC (See Note A)
PT5542, 15VDC (See Note A)
80
Airflow
70
200LFM
120LFM
60LFM
Nat Conv
60
50
40
30
20
0
0.15
0.3
0.45
0.6
0.75
Iout (A)
0
0.3
0.6
0.9
Iout (A)
Note A: Characteristic data has been developed from actual products tested at 25°C. This data is considered typical data for the ISR.
Note B: SOA curves represent operating conditions at which internal components are at or below manufacturer’s maximum rated operating temperatures.
For technical support and more information, see inside back cover or visit www.ti.com
1.2
1.5
Application Notes
PT5540 Series
Capacitor Recommendations for the
PT5540 Boost Regulator Regulator Series
Input Capacitors:
The minimum input capacitance required is 100µF, with
a 200-mA(rms) ripple current rating and 150mΩ typical
equivalent series resistance (ESR). Electrolytic capacitors
have marginal ripple performance at frequencies greater
than 400kHz but have excellent low-frequency transient
response. Above the ripple frequency, ceramic capacitors
are necessary to improve the transient response and reduce
any high frequency noise components apparent during
higher current excursions. Preferred ESR type capacitor
part numbers are identified in Table 2-1.
Output Capacitor:
The recommended output capacitance is determined by
0.5-A(rms) ripple current rating and 100µF minimum
capacitance. The maximum output capacitance is 560µF.
Ripple current and >50mΩ ESR value are the major
considerations, along with temperature, when designing
with different types of capacitors. Tantalum capacitors
have a recommended minimum voltage rating of 2 × (the
maximum DC voltage + AC ripple). This is necessary to
insure reliability for input voltage bus applications.
Tantalum Capacitors (Optional Input Capacitors)
Tantalum type capacitors can be used for the input bus
but only the AVX TPS, Sprague 593D/594/595, or Kemet
T495/T510 series. These capacitors are recommended
over many other tantalum types due to their higher rated
surge, power dissipation, and ripple current capability.
As a caution the TAJ series by AVX is not recommended.
This series has considerably higher ESR, reduced power
dissipation, and lower ripple current capability. The TAJ
series is less reliable than the AVX TPS series when determining power dissipation capability. Tantalum or Oscon®
types are recommended for applications where ambient
temperatures fall below 0°C. Do not use tantalum capacitors on the output bus.
Capacitor Table
Table 1 identifies the characteristics of capacitors from a
number of vendors with acceptable ESR and ripple current
ratings. The number of capacitors required at both the
input and output buses is identified for each capacitor type.
This is not an extensive capacitor list. Capacitors from other
vendors are available with comparable specifications. Those listed
are for guidance. The RMS ripple current rating and ESR
(Equivalent Series Resistance at 100kHz) are critical parameters
necessary to insure both optimum regulator performance and
long capacitor life.
Table 1: Input/Output Capacitors
Capacitor Vendor/
Series
Panasonic
FC (Radial)
(Surface Mtg)..............
Capacitor Characteristics
Quantity
Working
Voltage
Value(µF)
(ESR) Equivalent
Series Resistance
105°C Maximum
Ripple
Current(Irms)
Physical
Size(mm)
Input
Bus
Output
Bus
Vendor Part Number
35V
25V
35V
100
330
100
0.117Ω
0.090Ω
0.150Ω
555mA
755mA
670mA
8x11.5
10×12.5
10x10.2
1
1
1
1
1
1
EEUFC1V101
EEUFC1E331
EEVFC1V101P
FC/FK (Surface Mtg)
35V
100
0160Ω
600mA
8x10.2
1
1
EEVFK1V101P
United Chemi-con
LXZ/LXV Series
MVY (Surface Mtg)
35V
25V
25V
150
220
330
0.120Ω
0.120Ω
0.150Ω
555mA
555mA
670mA
8x12
8x12
10×10.3
1
1
1
1
1
1
LXZ35VB151M8X12LL
LXZ25VB221M8X12LL
MVY25VC331M10X10TP
Nichicon
PM Series
35V
25V
120
180
0.150Ω
0.150Ω
555mA
555mA
10x12.5
10x12.5
1
1
1
1
UPM1V121MPH6
UPM1E181MPH6
NX
16V
150
0.026Ω
3300mA
10x8
1
N/R (1)
PNX1C151MCR1GS
Os-con:
SP
SVP (surface Mount)
20V
20V
120
100
0.024Ω
0.024Ω
3100mA
3320mA
8x10.5
8x12
1
1
N/R (1)
N/R (1)
20SP120M(No Vout)
20SVP100M (No Vout)
AVX Tantalum
TPS (Surface Mtgt)
16V
20V
100
100
0.125Ω
0.200Ω
>1149mA
>1118mA
7.3L
×5.7W
×4.1H
1
1
N/R (1)
N/R (1)
TPSE107M016R0125(No Vout)
TPSV107M016R0200 (No Vout)
Kemet Tantalum
T520/T495 Series
(Surface Mount)
10V
10V
100
100
0.080Ω
0.100Ω
1700mA
>100mA
4.3W
×7.3L
×4.0H
1
1
N/R (1)
N/R (1)
T520D107M010AS(No Vout)
T495X107M010AS(No Vout)
Sprague Tantalum
594D Series
(Surface Mount)
16V
100
0.075Ω
1410mA
7.2L
×6W
×4.1H
1
N/R (1)
594D107X0016D2T
(1) N/R –Not recommended. The surge and normal voltage rating does not meet the minimum operating limits.
For technical support and more information, see inside back cover or visit www.ti.com
Application Notes
PT5540 Series
Features and System Considerations for the
PT5540 Series of Boost ISRs
Boost Regulator Topology and Characteristics
Figure 1-1 shows a block diagram of the boost regulator
circuit, which is representative of the PT5540 ISR series.
Note that when the MOSFET switch is off, the output
regulator is connected directly to the input via an inductor
and schottky diode. Thus with the MOSFET switch inactive, the output voltage merely tracks the input voltage,
less the forward voltage drop of the diode.
Figure 1-1; Boost Regulator Block Diagram
Inductor
VIN
Schottky Diode
V OUT
Soft-Start Power Up
When the input source voltage rises above the UVLO
threshold voltage the regulator will initiate a soft-start
power up. The soft-start circuitry introduces a short
time delay and slows the rate at which the output rises
to full regulation voltage. Figure 1-2 shows the power-up
characteristic of a PT5542 (15V) regulator. After the
application of the input voltage, Vin, there is a delay of
approximately 100ms before the output voltage rises
above the input voltage. This delay provides more time
for a slow rising input source to reach the minimum
operating voltage of 4.5V. The waveforms of Figure 1-2
were measured with a 5Vdc input voltage and 0.5-Adc
constant current load.
Fiigure 1-2; Typical Power Up Waveforms for the PT5542
MOSFET
Switch
Output
Capacitor
Vo (5V/Div)
PWM
Control
Vin (5V/Div)
COM
One of the characteristic of a boost regulator is that its
input current is always higher than its output current.
For example, a 12-W rated 5V to 12V boost regulator,
operating at 80% efficiency, will demand 15W of input
power. Thus a 1-A load on the regulator’s output will
correlate to 3-A of input current from its source. And
any fall (droop) in the input voltage will corrspondingly
result in the input current rising further. The input current
demanded by a boost regulator is therefore high, making it
important that the regulator be connected to a low impedance source.
Under-Voltage Lockout (UVLO)
The PT5540 series of boost regulators incorporate an
input under-voltage lockout (UVLO). The UVLO prevents operation of the regulator until the input voltage is
above the UVLO threshold (see data sheet specifications).
This prevents the regulator from drawing a high startup
current during power up, and minimizes the current drain
from the input source during low input voltage conditions.
Note: Below the UVLO threshold, the regulator’s internal
MOSFET is merely held ‘off ’, disabling its boost function.
Under this condition the regulator will still produce an output
voltage. This is the input voltage less the forward voltage drop
of the internal schottky diode.
Iin (1A/Div)
HORIZ SCALE: 40ms/Div
Input Source Requirements
As the input current is much higher than the output load
current, boost regulators are sensitive to source voltage
impedance. This is especially during power up when a
regulator attempts to start at too low an input voltage.
The UVLO built into the PT5540 series reduces the input
current during startup by disabling the boost function until
the source voltage has almost reached the minimum operating voltage of 4.5V. However, the UVLO circuitry will
also promptly switch off the regulator if this voltage sags
as the input current rises. This is often described as a
“hiccup” effect. The module may hiccup at power up due
to a combination of two conditions. The input voltage is
rising too slowly and its source impedance is not low
enough. To ensure a clean power-up the output impedance
of the input source should be less than 25mΩ. A higher
input impedance can be tolerated if the input voltage
rises promptly and regulates closer to the nominal input
voltage of 5V.
For technical support and more information, see inside back cover or visit www.ti.com
Application Notes continued
PT5540 Series
Fault Protection
Unlike a “Buck” or step-down regulator it is not possible
to provide a boost regulator with short-circuit protection.
As revealed in the block diagram of Figure 1-1, inhibiting
the MOSFET switching action only disables the regulator’s
boost function. Therefore under a severe output impedance
fault the control circuit cannot disconnect the output from
the input source.
To prevent an output over-current or short-circuit fault
from propagating to the input bus, a fuse or equivalent
over-current protection is recommended at the input of
the module. Whatever form of protection is selected, it is
important to note that the impedance and/or voltage drop
of the series element will add to the regulator’s minimum
input voltage requirements. Power up may also be affected.
The combination of an input surge current with an impedance in series with the regulator input may cause the
input voltage to momentarily dip back below the UVLO
threshold. Ensure that the fuse rating or input current
limit threshold are designed with a generous margin.
For technical support and more information, see inside back cover or visit www.ti.com
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