Precision Micropower Low Noise CMOS Railto-Rail Input/Output Operational Amplifiers AD8603/AD8607/AD8609 GENERAL DESCRIPTION The AD8603/AD8607/AD8609 are, single/dual/quad micropower rail-to-rail input and output amplifiers, respectively, that features very low offset voltage as well as low input voltage and current noise. These amplifiers use a patented trimming technique that achieves superior precision without laser trimming. The parts are fully specified to operate from 1.8 V to 5.0 V single supply or from ±0.9 V to ±2.5 V dual supply. The combination of low offsets, low noise, very low input bias currents, and low power consumption make the AD8603/AD8607/AD8609 especially useful in portable and loop-powered instrumentation. The ability to swing rail to rail at both the input and output enables designers to buffer CMOS ADCs, DACs, ASICs, and other wide output swing devices in low power single-supply systems. The AD8603 is available in a tiny 5-lead TSOT-23 package. The AD8607 is available in 8-lead MSOP and SOIC packages. The AD8609 is available in 14-lead TSSOP and SOIC packages. 5 V+ 4 –IN AD8603 +IN 3 TOP VIEW (Not to Scale) 04356-0-001 V– 2 Figure 1. 5-Lead TSOT-23 (UJ Suffix) OUT A –IN A +IN A V– 1 8 V+ OUT B –IN B +IN B AD8607 4 5 04356-0-045 Battery-powered instrumentation Multipole filters Sensors Low power ASIC input or output amplifiers OUT 1 Figure 2. 8-Lead MSOP (RM Suffix) OUT A 1 8 V+ –IN A 2 7 OUT B AD8607 +IN A 3 6 –IN B V– 4 5 +IN B 04356-0-047 APPLICATIONS PIN CONFIGURATIONS Figure 3. 8-Lead SOIC (R Suffix) OUT A –IN A +IN A V+ +IN B –IN B OUT B 1 14 AD8609 8 7 OUT D –IN D +IN D V– +IN C –IN C OUT C 04356-0-044 Low offset voltage: 50 µV max Low input bias current: 1 pA max Single-supply operation: 1.8 V to 5 V Low noise: 22 nV/√Hz Micropower: 50 µA max Low distortion No phase reversal Unity gain stable Figure 4. 14-Lead TSSOP (RU Suffix) 14 OUT D OUT A 1 –IN A 2 13 –IN D +IN A 3 V+ 4 12 +IN D AD8609 11 V– +IN B 5 10 +IN C –IN B 6 9 –IN C OUT B 7 8 OUT C 04356-0-046 FEATURES Figure 5. 14-Lead SOIC (R Suffix) Rev. A Information furnished by Analog Devices is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Analog Devices for its use, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties that may result from its use. Specifications subject to change without notice. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Analog Devices. Trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners. One Technology Way, P.O. Box 9106, Norwood, MA 02062-9106, U.S.A. Tel: 781.329.4700 www.analog.com Fax: 781.326.8703 © 2003 Analog Devices, Inc. All rights reserved. AD8603/AD8607/AD8609 TABLE OF CONTENTS Specifications..................................................................................... 3 Proximity Sensors....................................................................... 13 Absolute Maximum Ratings............................................................ 5 Composite Amplifiers................................................................ 13 Typical Performance Characteristics ............................................. 6 Battery-Powered Applications .................................................. 14 Applications..................................................................................... 12 Photodiodes ................................................................................ 14 No Phase Reversal ...................................................................... 12 Outline Dimensions ....................................................................... 15 Input Overvoltage Protection ................................................... 12 Ordering Guide .......................................................................... 16 Driving Capacitive Loads .......................................................... 12 REVISION HISTORY 10/03—Data Sheet Changed from Rev. 0 to Rev. A Change Page Added AD8607 and AD8609 parts ..............................Universal Changes to Specifications ............................................................ 3 Changes to Figure 35.................................................................. 10 Added Figure 41.......................................................................... 11 Rev. A | Page 2 of 16 AD8603/AD8607/AD8609 SPECIFICATIONS Table 1. Electrical Characteristics @ VS = 5 V, VCM = VS/2, TA = 25°C, unless otherwise noted Parameter INPUT CHARACTERISTICS Offset Voltage Offset Voltage Drift Input Bias Current Symbol Conditions VOS VS = 3.3 V @ VCM = 0.5 V and 2.8 V –0.3 V < VCM < +5.2 V –40°C < TA < +125°C, –0.3 V < VCM < +5.2 V –40°C < TA < +125°C ∆VOS/∆T IB Min Typ Max Unit 12 40 50 300 700 4.5 1 50 500 0.5 50 250 +5.2 µV µV µV µV/°C pA pA pA pA pA pA V dB dB 1 0.2 –40°C < TA < +85°C –40°C < TA < +125°C Input Offset Current IOS 0.1 –40°C < TA < +85°C –40°C < TA < +125°C Input Voltage Range Common-Mode Rejection Ratio IVR CMRR Large Signal Voltage Gain AD8603 AD8607/AD8609 Input Capacitance AVO OUTPUT CHARACTERISTICS Output Voltage High Output Voltage Low Output Current Closed-Loop Output Impedance POWER SUPPLY Power Supply Rejection Ratio Supply Current/Amplifier DYNAMIC PERFORMANCE Slew Rate Settling Time 0.1% Gain Bandwidth Product 0 V < VCM < 5 V –40°C < TA < +125°C RL = 10 kΩ, 0.5 V <VO < 4.5 V –0.3 85 80 400 250 1000 450 1.9 2.5 V/mV V/mV pF pF 4.95 4.9 4.65 4.50 4.97 V V V V mV mV mV mV mA Ω CDIFF CCM VOH VOL IOUT ZOUT IL = 1 mA –40°C to +125°C IL = 10 mA –40°C to +125°C IL = 1 mA –40°C to +125°C IL = 10 mA –40°C to +125°C 100 4.97 16 160 ±80 36 f = 10 kHz, AV = 1 PSRR ISY 1.8 V < VS < 5 V VO = 0 V –40°C <TA < +125°C SR tS GBP RL = 10 kΩ G= ±1, 2 V Step RL = 100 kΩ RL = 10 kΩ RL = 10 kΩ, RL = 100 kΩ 0.1 23 400 316 70 0.1 Hz to 10 Hz f = 1 kHz f = 10 kHz f = 1 kHz f = 10 kHz f = 100 kHz 2.3 25 22 0.05 –115 –110 Phase Margin NOISE PERFORMANCE Peak-to-Peak Noise Voltage Noise Density ØO Current Noise Density Channel Separation in Cs en p-p en Rev. A | Page 3 of 16 30 50 250 330 80 100 40 50 60 dB µA µA V/µs µs kHz kHz Degrees 3.5 µV nV/√Hz nV/√Hz pA/√Hz dB dB AD8603/AD8607/AD8609 Table 2. Electrical Characteristics @ VS = 1.8 V, VCM = VS/2, TA = 25°C, unless otherwise noted Parameter INPUT CHARACTERISTICS Offset Voltage Offset Voltage Drift Input Bias Current Symbol Conditions VOS VS = 3.3 V @ VCM = 0.5 V and 2.8 V –0.3 V < VCM < +1.8 V –40°C < TA < +85°C, –0.3 V < VCM < +1.8 V –40°C < TA < +125°C, –0.3 V < VCM < +1.7 V –40°C < TA < +125°C ∆VOS/∆T IB Min Typ Max Unit 12 40 50 300 500 700 4.5 1 50 500 0.5 50 250 +1.8 µV µV µV µV µV/°C pA pA pA pA pA pA V dB dB 1 0.2 –40°C < TA < +85°C –40°C < TA < +125°C Input Offset Current IOS 0.1 –40°C < TA < +85°C –40°C < TA < +125°C Input Voltage Range Common-Mode Rejection Ratio IVR CMRR Large Signal Voltage Gain AD8603 AD8607/AD8609 Input Capacitance AVO OUTPUT CHARACTERISTICS Output Voltage High Output Voltage Low Output Current Closed-Loop Output Impedance POWER SUPPLY Power Supply Rejection Ratio Supply Current/Amplifier DYNAMIC PERFORMANCE Slew Rate Settling Time 0.1% Gain Bandwidth Product Phase Margin NOISE PERFORMANCE Peak-to-Peak Noise Voltage Noise Density 0 V < VCM < 1.8 V –40°C < TA < +85°C RL = 10 kΩ, 0.5 V <VO < 4.5 V –0.3 80 70 150 100 3000 2000 2.1 3.8 V/mV V/mV pF pF 1.65 1.6 1.72 V V mV mV mA Ω CDIFF CCM VOH VOL IOUT ZOUT IL = 1 mA –40°C to +125°C IL = 1 mA –40°C to +125°C 98 38 ±7 36 f = 10 kHz, AV = 1 PSRR ISY 1.8 V < VS < 5 V VO = 0 V –40°C < TA < +85°C SR tS GBP RL = 10 kΩ G= ±1, 1 V Step RL = 100 kΩ RL = 10 kΩ RL = 10 kΩ, RL = 100 kΩ 0.1 9.2 385 316 70 0.1 Hz to 10 Hz f = 1 kHz f = 10 kHz f = 1 kHz 2.3 25 22 0.05 f = 10 kHz f = 100 kHz –115 –110 ØO en p-p en Current Noise Density in Channel Separation Cs Rev. A | Page 4 of 16 60 80 80 100 40 50 60 dB µA µA V/µs µs kHz kHz Degrees 3.5 µV nV/√Hz nV/√Hz pA/√Hz dB dB AD8603/AD8607/AD8609 ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS Table 3. AD8603/AD8607/AD8609 Stress Ratings1, 2 Table 4. Package Characteristics Parameter Supply Voltage Input Voltage Differential Input Voltage Output Short-Circuit Duration to GND Storage Temperature Range All Packages Lead Temperature Range (Soldering, 60 Sec) Operating Temperature Range Junction Temperature Range All Packages Package Type 5-Lead TSOT-23 (UJ) 8-Lead MSOP (RM) 8-Lead SOIC (R) 14-Lead SOIC (R) 14-Lead TSSOP (RU) Rating 6V GND to VS ±6 V Indefinite –65°C to +150°C 300°C –40°C to +125°C –65°C to +150°C 1 θJA3 207 210 158 120 180 θJC 61 45 43 36 35 Unit °C/W °C/W °C/W °C/W °C/W Stresses above those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only; functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions above those listed in the operational sections of this specification is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. 2 Absolute maximum ratings apply at 25°C, unless otherwise noted. 3 θJA is specified for the worst-case conditions, i.e., θJA is specified for device soldered in circuit board for surface-mount packages. ESD CAUTION ESD (electrostatic discharge) sensitive device. Electrostatic charges as high as 4000 V readily accumulate on the human body and test equipment and can discharge without detection. Although these parts feature proprietary ESD protection circuitry, permanent damage may occur on devices subjected to high energy electrostatic discharges. Therefore, proper ESD precautions are recommended to avoid performance degradation or loss of functionality. Rev. A | Page 5 of 16 AD8603/AD8607/AD8609 TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS 2600 300 VS = 5V TA = 25°C VCM = 0V to 5V 2400 2200 200 150 1800 100 1600 50 1400 VOS (µV) 1200 1000 –100 800 –150 600 200 –270 –210 –150 –90 –30 0 30 VOS (µV) 90 150 210 –250 –300 0.0 270 Figure 6. Input Offset Voltage Distribution 0.6 0.9 1.2 1.5 1.8 VCM (V) (V) 2.1 2.4 2.7 3.0 3.3 400 350 VS = ±2.5V 20 INPUT BIAS CURRENT (pA) VS= ±2.5V TA= –40°C TO +125°C VCM= 0V 15 10 04356-0-003 5 0 0.4 0.8 1.2 1.6 2.0 2.4 2.8 3.2 3.6 TCVOS (µV/°C) 300 250 200 150 100 04356-0-006 25 NUMBERS OF AMPLIFIERS 0.3 Figure 9. Input Offset Voltage vs. Common-Mode Voltage 30 50 0 4.0 4.4 4.8 0 Figure 7. Input Offset Voltage Drift Distribution 75 50 TEMPERATURE (°C) 100 125 1000 OUTPUT VOLTAGE TO SUPPLY RAIL (mV) VS = 5V TA = 25°C 200 150 100 50 0 –50 –100 –150 04356-0-004 –200 –250 –300 0.0 25 Figure 10. Input Bias vs. Temperature 300 250 VOS (µV) 04356-0-005 –200 04356-0-002 400 0 0 –50 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 VCM (V) 3.5 4.0 4.5 VS = 5V TA = 25°C 100 10 SOURCE 1 0.1 0.01 0.001 5.0 SINK 04356-0-007 NUMBER OF AMPLIFIERS 2000 0 VS = 3.3V TA = 25°C 250 0.01 0.1 LOAD CURRENT (mA) 1 Figure 11. Output Voltage to Supply Rail vs. Load Current Figure 8. Input Offset Voltage vs. Common-Mode Voltage Rev. A | Page 6 of 16 10 AD8603/AD8607/AD8609 1925 VS = 5V TA = 25°C 1750 OUTPUT IMPEDANCE (Ω) 250 200 VOL @ 10mA LOAD 150 100 50 VDD – VOH @ 1mA LOAD 0 –40 –25 VOL @ 1mA LOAD –10 5 20 35 50 65 TEMPERATURE (°C) 80 95 110 1400 1225 1050 700 175 100 125 225 140 180 120 135 100 90 20 45 0 0 –20 –45 –90 –60 –135 –80 –180 10k 100k FREQUENCY (Hz) –225 10M 1M 60 40 20 –20 –60 100 100k 1k 10k FREQUENCY (Hz) Figure 16. Common-Mode Rejection Ratio vs. Frequency 140 VS = 5V VIN = 4.9V p-p T = 25°C AV = 1 100 60 PSRR (dB) 80 3.0 2.5 2.0 40 20 0 1.0 –20 04356-0-011 1.5 0.5 0.1 VS = ±2.5V 120 3.5 0.0 0.01 VS = ±2.5V –40 5.0 4.0 100k 0 Figure 13. Open-Loop Gain and Phase vs. Frequency 4.5 10k FREQUENCY (Hz) 1 FREQUENCY (kHz) 10 04356-0-014 –100 1k 1k 80 CMRR (dB) 40 –40 OUTPUT SWING (V p-p) OPEN-LOOP GAIN (dB) 60 A=1 Figure 15. Output Impedance vs. Frequency PHASE (Degree) 80 A = 10 350 04356-0-010 VS = ±2.5V RL = 100kΩ CL = 20pF φ = 70.9° A = 100 875 Figure 12. Output Voltage Swing vs. Temperature 100 VS = ±2.5V, ±0.9V 525 04356-0-008 OUTPUT SWING (mV) 1575 VDD – VOH @ 10mA LOAD 04356-0-012 300 04356-0-013 350 –40 –60 100 Figure 14. Closed-Loop Output Voltage Swing vs. Frequency 10 100 1k FREQUENCY (Hz) Figure 17. PSRR vs. Frequency Rev. A | Page 7 of 16 10k 100k AD8603/AD8607/AD8609 60 VS = 5V VS = 5V, 1.8V OS– 30 20 OS+ 10 04356-0-018 VOLTAGE NOISE (1µV/DIV) 40 04356-0-015 SMALL SIGNAL OVERSHOOT (%) 50 0 10 100 LOAD CAPACITANCE (pF) 1000 TIME (1s/DIV) Figure 18. Small Signal Overshoot vs. Load Capacitance Figure 21. 0.1 Hz to 10 Hz Input Voltage Noise 60 55 VS = 5V RL = 10kΩ CL = 200pF AV = 1 VS = ±2.5V 50 VOLTAGE (50mV/DIV) 40 35 30 25 20 15 04356-0-016 10 5 0 –40 –25 –10 5 20 35 50 65 TEMPERATURE (°C) 80 95 110 04356-0-019 SUPPLY CURRENT (µA) 45 125 TIME (4µs/DIV) Figure 19. Supply Current vs. Temperature Figure 22. Small Signal Transient 100 90 VS = 5V RL = 10kΩ CL = 200pF AV = 1 TA = 25°C VOLTAGE (1V/DIV) 70 60 50 40 30 10 0 04356-0-020 20 04356-0-017 SUPPLY CURRENT (µA) 80 0 1.0 2.0 3.0 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) 4.0 5.0 TIME (20µs/DIV) Figure 23. Large Signal Transient Figure 20. Supply Current vs. Supply Voltage Rev. A | Page 8 of 16 AD8603/AD8607/AD8609 VS = ±2.5V 0V 0V 04356-0-021 –50mV 154 132 110 88 66 44 04356-0-046 VOLTAGE NOISE DENSITY (nV/ Hz) +2.5V VOLTAGE (50mV/DIV) 176 VS = ±2.5V RL = 10kΩ AV = 100 VIN = 50mV 22 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 FREQUENCY (kHz) 8 9 10 TIME (4µs/DIV)) (40µs/DIV)) Figure 27. Voltage Noise Density vs. Frequency Figure 24. Negative Overload Recovery 800 750 0V 04356-0-022 –50mV VS = 1.8V TA = 25°C VCM = 0V to 1.8V 700 650 600 550 500 450 400 350 300 250 200 150 04356-0-025 NUMBER OF AMPLIFIERS +2.5V 0V 100 50 0 –300 –240 –180 –120 TIME (4µs/DIV) Figure 25. Positive Overload Recovery –60 0 60 VOS (µV) 120 180 240 300 Figure 28. VOS Distribution 168 300 VS = ±2.5V 250 144 200 120 VS = 1.8V TA = 25°C 150 100 96 VOS (µV) 50 72 48 –150 –200 04356-0-026 0 0 0 –50 –100 24 04356-0-045 VOLTAGE NOISE DENSITY (nV/ Hz) VOLTAGE (50mV/DIV) VS = ±2.5V RL = 10kΩ AV = 100 VIN = 50mV –250 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 FREQUENCY (kHz) –300 0.0 Figure 26. Voltage Noise Density vs. Frequency 0.3 0.6 0.9 V VCM (V) CM(V) 1.2 1.5 Figure 29. Input Offset Voltage vs. Common-Mode Voltage Rev. A | Page 9 of 16 1.8 AD8603/AD8607/AD8609 10 OPEN-LOOP GAIN (dB) 60 SOURCE SINK 1 0.1 0.01 0.001 0.01 0.1 LOAD CURRENT (mA) 90 20 45 0 0 –20 –45 –40 –90 –60 –135 –80 –180 1 Figure 30. Output Voltage to Supply Rail vs. Load Current –225 10M 1M 120 VS = 1.8V 80 70 100 VS = 1.8V 80 VDD – VOH @ 1mA LOAD 60 50 VOL @ 1mA LOAD 40 40 20 30 0 20 –20 10 0 –40 –25 –10 5 35 20 50 65 TEMPERATURE (°C) 80 95 110 04356-0-031 CMRR (dB) 60 04356-0-028 –40 –60 100 125 1k 10k FREQUENCY (Hz) 100k Figure 34. Common-Mode Rejection Ratio vs. Frequency Figure 31. Output Voltage Swing vs. Temperature 1.8 60 VS = 1.8V TA = 25°C AV = 1 OUTPUT SWING (VP-P) 1.5 40 30 OS– 20 VS= 1.8V VIN= 1.7V p–p T= 25°C AV= 1 1.2 0.9 0.6 OS+ 0 10 0.3 04356-0-029 10 100 LOAD CAPACITANCE (pF) 0.0 0.01 1000 04356-0-032 OUTPUT SWING (mV) 100 FREQUENCY (Hz) 140 90 SMALL SIGNAL OVERSHOOT (%) 10 Figure 33. Open-Loop Gain and Phase vs. Frequency 100 50 135 40 –100 10 1 180 0.1 1 FREQUENCY (kHz) 10 100 Figure 35. Closed-Loop Output Voltage Swing vs. Frequency Figure 32. Small Signal Overshoot vs. Load Capacitance Rev. A | Page 10 of 16 PHASE (Degree) 100 225 VS = ±0.9V RL = 100kΩ CL = 20pF φ = 70° 80 04356-0-030 100 VS = 1.8V TA = 25°C 04356-0-027 OUTPUT VOLTAGE TO SUPPLY RAIL (mV) 1000 AD8603/AD8607/AD8609 176 VS = ±0.9V 154 132 110 88 66 44 04356-0-048 04356-0-033 VOLTAGE (50mV/DIV) VOLTAGE NOISE DENSITY (nV/ Hz) VS = 1.8V RL = 10kΩ CL = 200pF AV = 1 22 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 FREQUENCY (kHz) 8 9 10 TIME (4µs/DIV) Figure 39. Voltage Noise Density Figure 36. Small Signal Transient 0 VS = 1.8V RL = 10kΩ CL = 200pF AV = 1 –100 1k 10k FREQUENCY (Hz) 100k Figure 40. Channel Separation 168 VS = ±0.9V 140 112 84 56 04356-0-047 VOLTAGE NOISE DENSITY (nV/ Hz) –80 04356-A-043 CHANNEL SEPARATION (dB) 04356-0-034 VOLTAGE (500mV/DIV) –60 –140 100 Figure 37. Large Signal Transient 28 –40 –120 TIME (20µs/DIV) 0 0 VS = ±2.5V, ±0.9V –20 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 FREQUENCY (kHz) Figure 38. Voltage Noise Density Rev. A | Page 11 of 16 1M AD8603/AD8607/AD8609 APPLICATIONS NO PHASE REVERSAL The AD8603/AD8607/AD8609 do not exhibit phase inversion even when the input voltage exceeds the maximum input common-mode voltage. Phase reversal can cause permanent damage to the amplifier, resulting in system lockups. The AD8603/AD8607/AD8609 can handle voltages of up to 1 V over the supply. The use of the snubber circuit is usually recommended for unity gain configurations. Higher gain configurations help improve the stability of the circuit. Figure 44 shows the same output response with the snubber in place. VS = ±0.9V VIN = 100mV CL = 2nF RL = 10kΩ VS = ±2.5V VIN = 6V p-p AV = 1 RL = 10kΩ VOLTAGE (1V/DIV) VIN 04356-0-037 04356-0-038 VOUT Figure 42. Output Response to a 2 nF Capacitive Load, without Snubber VEE Figure 41. No Phase Response V– V+ INPUT OVERVOLTAGE PROTECTION 200mV + – If a voltage 1 V higher than the supplies is applied at either input, the use of a limiting series resistor is recommended. If both inputs are used, each one should be protected with a series resistor. RS 150Ω VCC C S 47pF CL 04356-A-039 TIME (4µs/DIV) Figure 43. Snubber Network VSY = ±0.9V VIN = 100mV CL = 2nF RL = 10kΩ RS = 150Ω CS = 470pF To ensure good protection, the current should be limited to a maximum of 5 mA. The value of the limiting resistor can be determined from the equation (VIN – VS)/(RS + 200 Ω) ≤ 5 mA DRIVING CAPACITIVE LOADS Although it is configured in positive unity gain (the worst case), the AD8603 shows less than 20% overshoot. Simple additional circuitry can eliminate ringing and overshoot. One technique is the snubber network, which consists of a series RC and a resistive load (see Figure 43). With the snubber in place, the AD8603/AD8607/AD8609 are capable of driving capacitive loads of 2 nF with no ringing and less than 3% overshoot. 04356-0-040 The AD8603/AD8607/AD8609 are capable of driving large capacitive loads without oscillating. Figure 42 shows the output of the AD8603/AD8607/AD8609 in response to a 100 mV input signal, with a 2 nF capacitive load. Figure 44. Output Response to a 2 nF Capacitive Load, with Snubber Optimum values for RS and CS are determined empirically; Table 5 lists a few starting values. Table 5. Optimum Values for the Snubber Network CL (pF) 100~500 1500 1600~2000 Rev. A | Page 12 of 16 RS (Ω) 500 100 400 CS (pF) 680 330 100 AD8603/AD8607/AD8609 R2 R1 PROXIMITY SENSORS VEE 99kΩ 1kΩ Proximity sensors can be capacitive or inductive and are used in a variety of applications. One of the most common applications is liquid level sensing in tanks. This is particularly popular in pharmaceutical environments where a tank must know when to stop filling or mixing a given liquid. In aerospace applications, these sensors detect the level of oxygen used to propel engines. Whether in a combustible environment or not, capacitive sensors generally use low voltage. The precision and low voltage of the AD8603/AD8607/AD8609 make the parts an excellent choice for such applications. VCC V– U5 AD8603 AD8541 V+ V+ VIN 04356-A-041 V– VCC R3 1kΩ VEE R4 99kΩ Figure 45. High Gain Composite Amplifier R2 100kΩ COMPOSITE AMPLIFIERS A composite amplifier can be used to optimize dc and ac characteristics. Figure 46 shows an example using the AD8603 and the AD8541. This circuit offers many advantages. The bandwidth is increased substantially, and the input offset voltage and noise of the AD8541 become insignificant since they are divided by the high gain of the AD8603. The circuit of Figure 46 offers a high bandwidth (nearly double that of the AD8603), a high output current, and a very low power consumption of less than 100 µA. Rev. A | Page 13 of 16 VEE AD8603 VCC R1 1kΩ VIN V– V+ R3 1kΩ V+ R4 V– VCC C2 100Ω AD8541 VEE C3 Figure 46. Low Power Composite Amplifier 04356-A-042 A composite amplifier can provide a very high gain in applications where high closed-loop dc gains are needed. The high gain achieved by the composite amplifier comes at the expense of a loss in phase margin. Placing a small capacitor, CF, in the feedback in parallel with R2 (Figure 45) improves the phase margin. Picking CF = 50 pF yields a phase margin of about 45° for the values shown in Figure 45. AD8603/AD8607/AD8609 BATTERY-POWERED APPLICATIONS The AD8603/AD8607/AD8609 are ideal for battery-powered applications. The parts are tested at 5 V, 3.3 V, 2.7 V, and 1.8 V and are suitable for various applications whether in single or dual supply. In addition to their low offset voltage and low input bias, the AD8603/AD8607/AD8609 have a very low supply current of 40 µA, making the parts an excellent choice for portable electronics. The TSOT package allows the AD8603 to be used on smaller board spaces. network at the output to reduce the noise. The signal bandwidth can be calculated by ½πR2C2 and the closed-loop bandwidth is the intersection point of the open-loop gain and the noise gain. The circuit shown in Figure 47 has a closed-loop bandwidth of 58 kHz and a signal bandwidth of 16 Hz. Increasing C2 to 50 pF yields a closed-loop bandwidth of 65 kHz, but only 3.2 Hz of signal bandwidth can be achieved. C2 10pF R2 1000MΩ VCC PHOTODIODES Rev. A | Page 14 of 16 VEE Figure 47. Photodiode Circuit 04356-0-044 AD8603 C1 10pF Figure 47 shows a simple photodiode circuit. The feedback capacitor helps the circuit maintain stability. The signal bandwidth can be increased at the expense of an increase in the total noise; a low-pass filter can be implemented by a simple RC R1 1000MΩ Photodiodes have a wide range of applications from bar code scanners to precision light meters and CAT scanners. The very low noise and low input bias current of the AD8603/AD8607/ AD8609 make the parts very attractive amplifiers for I-V conversion applications. AD8603/AD8607/AD8609 OUTLINE DIMENSIONS 5.00 (0.1968) 4.80 (0.1890) 8 5 4.00 (0.1574) 3.80 (0.1497) 1 6.20 (0.2440) 5.80 (0.2284) 4 1.27 (0.0500) BSC 0.50 (0.0196) × 45° 0.25 (0.0099) 1.75 (0.0688) 1.35 (0.0532) 0.25 (0.0098) 0.10 (0.0040) 0.51 (0.0201) COPLANARITY SEATING 0.31 (0.0122) 0.10 PLANE 8° 0.25 (0.0098) 0° 1.27 (0.0500) 0.40 (0.0157) 0.17 (0.0067) COMPLIANT TO JEDEC STANDARDS MS-012AA CONTROLLING DIMENSIONS ARE IN MILLIMETERS; INCH DIMENSIONS (IN PARENTHESES) ARE ROUNDED-OFF MILLIMETER EQUIVALENTS FOR REFERENCE ONLY AND ARE NOT APPROPRIATE FOR USE IN DESIGN Figure 48. 8-Lead Standard Small Outline Package (SOIC) [R-8] Dimensions shown in millimeters and (inches) 2.90 BSC 5 4 2.80 BSC 1.60 BSC 1 2 3 PIN 1 0.95 BSC 1.90 BSC 0.90 0.87 0.84 1.00 MAX 0.10 MAX 0.50 0.30 SEATING PLANE 0.20 0.08 8° 4° 0.60 0.45 0.30 COMPLIANT TO JEDEC STANDARDS MO-193AB Figure 49. 5-Lead Thin Small Outline Transistor Package [TSOT] (UJ-5) Dimensions in millimeters 3.00 BSC 8 5 4.90 BSC 3.00 BSC 4 PIN 1 0.65 BSC 1.10 MAX 0.15 0.00 0.38 0.22 COPLANARITY 0.10 0.23 0.08 8° 0° SEATING PLANE COMPLIANT TO JEDEC STANDARDS MO-187AA Figure 50. 8-Lead MSOP Package (RM-8) Dimensions in millimeters Rev. A | Page 15 of 16 0.80 0.60 0.40 AD8603/AD8607/AD8609 8.75 (0.3445) 8.55 (0.3366) 4.00 (0.1575) 3.80 (0.1496) 14 8 1 7 6.20 (0.2441) 5.80 (0.2283) 1.27 (0.0500) BSC 0.25 (0.0098) 0.10 (0.0039) 0.51 (0.0201) 0.31 (0.0122) COPLANARITY 0.10 0.50 (0.0197) × 45° 0.25 (0.0098) 1.75 (0.0689) 1.35 (0.0531) SEATING PLANE 8° 0.25 (0.0098) 0° 1.27 (0.0500) 0.40 (0.0157) 0.17 (0.0067) COMPLIANT TO JEDEC STANDARDS MS-012AB CONTROLLING DIMENSIONS ARE IN MILLIMETERS; INCH DIMENSIONS (IN PARENTHESES) ARE ROUNDED-OFF MILLIMETER EQUIVALENTS FOR REFERENCE ONLY AND ARE NOT APPROPRIATE FOR USE IN DESIGN Figure 51. 14-Lead Standard Small Outline Package (SOIC) [R-14] Dimensions shown in millimeters and (inches) 5.10 5.00 4.90 14 8 4.50 4.40 4.30 6.40 BSC 1 7 PIN 1 1.05 1.00 0.80 0.65 BSC 1.20 MAX 0.15 0.05 0.30 0.19 0.20 0.09 SEATING COPLANARITY PLANE 0.10 0.75 0.60 0.45 8° 0° COMPLIANT TO JEDEC STANDARDS MO-153AB-1 Figure 52. 14-Lead Thin Shrink Small Outline Package (TSSOP) [RU-14] Dimensions shown in millimeters ORDERING GUIDE Model AD8603AUJ-R2 AD8603AUJ-REEL AD8603AUJ-REEL7 AD8607ARM-R2 AD8607ARM-REEL AD8607AR AD8607AR-REEL AD8607AR-REEL7 AD8609AR AD8609AR-REEL AD8609AR-REEL7 AD8609ARU AR8609ARU-REEL Temperature Range –40°C to +125°C –40°C to +125°C –40°C to +125°C –40°C to +125°C –40°C to +125°C –40°C to +125°C –40°C to +125°C –40°C to +125°C –40°C to +125°C –40°C to +125°C –40°C to +125°C –40°C to +125°C –40°C to +125°C Package Description 5-Lead TSOT-23 5-Lead TSOT-23 5-Lead TSOT-23 8-Lead MSOP 8-Lead MSOP 8-Lead SOIC 8-Lead SOIC 8-Lead SOIC 14-Lead SOIC 14-Lead SOIC 14-Lead SOIC 14-Lead TSSOP 14-Lead TSSOP © 2003 Analog Devices, Inc. All rights reserved. Trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners. C04356–0–10/03(A) Rev. A | Page 16 of 16 Package Option UJ-5 UJ-5 UJ-5 RM-8 RM-8 R-8 R-8 R-8 R-14 R-14 R-14 RU-14 RU-14 Branding BFA BFA BFA A00 A00