Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Accelerometer Reference Design Using the MC68HC908QY4 Designer Reference Manual M68HC08 Microcontrollers DRM054/D Rev. 0 12/2003 MOTOROLA.COM/SEMICONDUCTORS For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... Accelerometer Reference Design Using the MC68HC908QY4 Reference Design By: Rogelio González Rebeca Delgado Motorola Semiconductor Products Sector Mexico To provide the most up-to-date information, the revision of our documents on the World Wide Web will be the most current. Your printed copy may be an earlier revision. To verify you have the latest information available, refer to: http://motorola.com/semiconductors The following revision history table summarizes changes contained in this document. For your convenience, the page number designators have been linked to the appropriate location. Motorola and the Stylized M Logo are registered trademarks of Motorola, Inc. DigitalDNA is a trademark of Motorola, Inc. This product incorporates SuperFlash® technology licensed from SST. Accelerometer Reference Design Using the MC68HC908QY4 MOTOROLA © Motorola, Inc., 2003 DRM054 3 For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Revision History Revision History Revision Level December, 2003 N/A Description Initial release Page Number(s) N/A Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... Date DRM054 4 Accelerometer Reference Design Using the MC68HC908QY4 Revision History For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MOTOROLA Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Designer Reference Manual — DRM054 Table of Contents Section 1. Introduction and Setup Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... 1.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 1.2 MC68HC908QY4 Microcontroller Unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 1.3 MMA1220 and MMA1260 Accelerometers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 1.4 Setup Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 1.4.1 Reprogramming the User FLASH Using User Monitor . . . . . . . . 15 1.4.2 Reprogram the FLASH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 1.4.2.1 Normal Monitor Mode Interface. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 1.4.2.2 Internal Oscillator Trim Value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 1.4.2.3 Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 1.4.3 Reprogramming the FLASH Through a MON08 Interface . . . . . 21 Section 2. Operational Description 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.4.1 2.4.2 2.4.3 2.4.4 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Electrical Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . User Interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Functional Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Self-Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Normal Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Over Acceleration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Getting Started . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 27 27 29 29 30 31 31 Section 3. Schematics and Parts List 3.1 3.2 3.3 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 Schematics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 Part List. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 Section 4. Hardware Design Considerations 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MC68HC908QY4 Microcontroller Unit (MCU) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DC Power Supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . RS-232 Interface and MON08 Hardware Interface. . . . . . . . . . . . . . MMA1220 and MMA1260 Accelerometers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . LCD Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Accelerometer Reference Design Using the MC68HC908QY4 MOTOROLA Table of Contents For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com 37 37 38 38 39 40 DRM054 5 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Table of Contents Section 5. Software Design Considerations Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.4.1 5.4.2 5.4.3 5.4.4 5.4.5 5.4.6 5.4.7 5.4.8 5.4.9 5.4.10 5.4.11 5.4.12 5.4.13 5.4.14 5.4.15 5.4.16 5.4.17 5.4.18 5.5 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Application State Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Data Flow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Routines Description. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Main(void) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . InitHardware(void). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wait1ms(void) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . WaitNms(UINT8 n) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Toggle(void) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . LcdCommand8(UINT8 u8Command) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . LcdCommand(UINT8 u8Command) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . InitLcd(void) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DisplayString(UINT8 *str) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . InitAdc(void) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . AdcGetValue(UINT8 u8AccChannel) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . InitTimer(void) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . _TOF_Interrupt(void) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . InitKbi(void) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . _KBD_Interrupt(void) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . AccDataConvGs(UINT8 u8RawValue) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . AccTest(UINT8 u8AccUnderTest) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . AccDataFormat(UINT8 u8AccData) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MCU Usage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 41 43 43 43 43 43 44 44 44 44 44 44 44 45 45 45 45 45 45 46 46 46 Section 6. Source Code 6.1 6.2 6.2.1 6.2.2 6.2.3 6.2.4 6.2.5 6.2.6 6.2.7 6.2.8 6.3 6.3.1 6.3.2 6.3.3 6.3.4 6.3.5 6.3.6 6.3.7 6.3.8 DRM054 6 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Include Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MC68HC908QY4.H . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NITRON_MASKS.H . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . TYPES.H . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . LCDDRV.H . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ADC.H. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . TIMER.H . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . KBI.H . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ACCELEROMETER.H . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Source Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MC68HC908QY4.C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . VECTORS.C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MAIN.C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . LCDDRV.C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ADC.C. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . TIMER.C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . KBI.C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ACCELEROMETER.C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 48 48 59 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 68 70 72 75 79 81 83 85 Accelerometer Reference Design Using the MC68HC908QY4 Table of Contents For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MOTOROLA Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Designer Reference Manual — DRM054 List of Figures and Tables Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... Figure Title 1-1 1-2 1-3 1-4 1-5 1-6 1-7 1-8 1-9 1-10 1-11 1-12 1-13 1-14 1-15 1-16 1-17 1-18 1-19 1-20 1-21 1-22 1-23 MC68HC908QY4 Peripherals and Memory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Simplified MMA1220 Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Simplified MMA1260 Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sample Session . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Find the Demo Project . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Project Window for Demo Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . True-Time Simulator and Real-Time Debugger Window . . . . . . . . PEDebug Pulldown Menu for Device and Mode Selection . . . . . . M68DEMOQTY Board Reset Sequence Window . . . . . . . . . . . . . Attempting to Contact Target Window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Programmer Confirm Window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Programmer Erase and Program FLASH Window. . . . . . . . . . . . . CPROG08SZ Programmer Window. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Verify New Code in FLASH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . CodeWarrior New Project Window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . New Project Stationery Window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . New Project Window – Add Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Add Files to Targets Window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . New Project Window – Set Targets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Attempting to Contact Target Window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Programmer Confirm Window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Programmer Erase and Program FLASH Window. . . . . . . . . . . . . True-Time Debugger Window — Successful Programming. . . . . . 10 14 14 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 19 20 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 2-1 2-2 2-3 2-4 Accelerometer Reference Design Layout. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Accelerometer Board Welcome Message . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Self-Test Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Data Screens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 29 29 30 3-1 Accelerometer Board Schematic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 4-1 4-2 4-3 4-4 4-5 HC908QY4 MCU . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DC Power Supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . RS-232 and MON08 Interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MMA1220 and MMA1260 Accelerometers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . LCD Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1 5-2 Application State Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 Main Loop Flowchart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 Accelerometer Reference Design Using the MC68HC908QY4 MOTOROLA Page List of Figures and Tables For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com 37 38 39 39 40 DRM054 7 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. List of Figures and Tables Table Title Page MC68HC908QY4 Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Accelerometer Operating Characteristics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 2-1 2-2 Board Electrical Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 User Interfaces Reference Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 3-1 Bill of Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 5-1 RAM and FLASH Memory Usage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... 1-1 1-2 DRM054 8 Accelerometer Reference Design Using the MC68HC908QY4 List of Figures and Tables For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MOTOROLA Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Designer Reference Manual — DRM054 Section 1. Introduction and Setup 1.1 Introduction Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... Motorola’s Low-Cost Accelerometer Reference Design was developed to demonstrate the capabilities of the accelerometers (MMA1220D and MMA1260D) in conjunction with the MC68HC908QY4 microcontroller unit (MCU). The demo board consists of hardware and software for this purpose. Hardware consists of: NOTE: • 8-bit MCU • Z-axis sensitivity accelerometers • User interface: 16 x 2 character display and two push buttons • On-board 5-Vdc power supply • RS-232 interface and MON08 hardware interface for external microcontroller communication and for in-application programming The board is powered by a 9-Vdc power supply The software consists of: NOTE: • Self-test verification on both accelerometers • Acceleration display for the accelerometer’s readings • User interface control • Over-acceleration warning The application is fully written in C language for CodeWarrior HC08 V2.1. The 4K MCU FLASH memory can be reprogrammed through the user mode monitor program. However, the user monitor program itself can be programmed or erased on the board through the MON08 hardware interface. Accelerometer Reference Design Using the MC68HC908QY4 MOTOROLA Introduction and Setup For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com DRM054 9 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Introduction and Setup 1.2 MC68HC908QY4 Microcontroller Unit The Motorola M68HC08 Family of 8-bit MCUs brings designers of consumer electronics, industrial, and automotive systems increased flexibility in the development and manufacturing processes, as well as reduced time-to-market and system cost. This development is based on a MC68HC908QY4 MCU, member of the series. The M68HC908QY Family helps make it simple to incorporate the benefits of FLASH technology into your designs, helping to reduce overall system costs and speed your time-to-market. Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... Motorola's FLASH MCUs are in-application and in-circuit re-programmable, with very fast programming times (as fast as 32 microseconds/byte), block protection, and security features to help customers guard intellectual property contained in software code. They allow embedded system designers to program late in the manufacturing cycle, make upgrades remotely in the field, and to respond quickly to the changing needs of their customers and the market with more flexibility than one-time programmable and ROM-based MCUs. A block diagram of the MC68HC908QY4 is shown in Figure 1-1. In addition, a variety of integrated peripherals make these MCUs versatile enough for a wide range of systems — from computer peripherals to automotive electronics. This family is ideally suited for applications such as discrete replacement, appliances, control systems, home and industrial security systems, fluorescent light ballasts, and electromechanical replacement. The Motorola M68HC908QY M68HC08 Family of 8-bit MCUs will impact consumer, automotive, and industrial products ranging from light dimmer switches to washing machines, all the way into very cost-critical applications. The M68HC08 Family is a Complex Instruction Set Computer (CISC) with a Von Neumann architecture. All MCUs in the family use the enhanced M68HC08 central processor unit (CPU08). The M68HC908QY Family offers a variety of low-pin-count, low-cost package options available with different configurations of modules, memory sizes, and types. Table 1-1. MC68HC908QY4 Peripherals and Memory Internal RAM (Bytes) FLASH (Bytes) 128 4096 DRM054 10 Timer Interface Module Channels Bits I/O Pins (Max) 2 16 14 A/D Converter Module Channels Bits 4, 2 4, 8 Pin Count 16 Supply Voltage (V) Max Bus Frequency (MHz) Channels Bits 5, 3 8, 3 2, 8 16 PWM Module Accelerometer Reference Design Using the MC68HC908QY4 Introduction and Setup For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MOTOROLA Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Introduction and Setup MC68HC908QY4 Microcontroller Unit PTA0/AD0/TCH0/KBI0 CLOCK GENERATOR (OSCILLATOR) PTA PTA2/IRQ/KBI2/TCLK PTA3/RST/KBI3 DDRA PTA1/AD1/TCH1/KBI1 SYSTEM INTEGRATION MODULE PTA4/OSC2/AD2/KBI4 PTA5/OSC1/AD3/KBI5 SINGLE INTERRUPT MODULE BREAK MODULE DDRB PTB Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... M68HC08 CPU PTB0 PTB1 PTB2 PTB3 PTB4 PTB5 PTB6 PTB7 POWER-ON RESET MODULE MC68HC908QY4 AND MC68HC908QT4 4096 BYTES MC68HC908QY2, MC68HC908QY1, MC68HC908QT2, AND MC68HC908QT1: 1536 BYTES USER FLASH 8-BIT ADC 128 BYTES RAM KEYBOARD INTERRUPT MODULE 16-BIT TIMER MODULE COP MODULE VDD POWER SUPPLY MONITOR ROM VSS RST, IRQ: Pins have internal (about 30K Ohms) pull up PTA[0:5]: High current sink and source capability PTA[0:5]: Pins have programmable keyboard interrupt and pull up PTB[0:7]: Not available on 8-pin devices – MC68HC908QT1, MC68HC908QT2, and MC68HC908QT4 ADC: Not available on the MC68HC908QY1 and MC68HC908QT1 Figure 1-1. MC68HC908QY4 Block Diagram Features of the MC6868HC908QY4 include: • High-performance M68HC08 CPU core • Fully upward-compatible object code with M68HC05 Family • 5-V and 3-V operating voltages (VDD) • 8-MHz internal bus operation at 5 V, 4-MHz at 3 V • Trimmable internal oscillator – 3.2 MHz internal bus operation – 8-bit trim capability – ± 25% untrimmed – ± 5% trimmed Accelerometer Reference Design Using the MC68HC908QY4 MOTOROLA Introduction and Setup For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com DRM054 11 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... Introduction and Setup • Auto wakeup from STOP capability • Configuration (CONFIG) register for MCU configuration options, including: – Low-voltage inhibit (LVI) trip point • In-system FLASH programming • FLASH security(1) • 4096 bytes of on-chip in-application programmable FLASH memory (with internal program/erase voltage generation) • 128 bytes of on-chip random-access memory (RAM) • 2-channel, 16-bit timer interface module (TIM) • 4-channel, 8-bit analog-to-digital converter (ADC) • 5 or 13 bidirectional input/output (I/O) lines and one input only: – Six shared with keyboard interrupt function and ADC – Two shared with timer channels – One shared with external interrupt (IRQ) – Eight extra I/O lines on 16-pin package only – High current sink/source capability on all port pins – Selectable pullups on all ports, selectable on an individual bit basis – Three-state ability on all port pins • 6-bit keyboard interrupt with wakeup feature (KBI) • Low-voltage inhibit (LVI) module features: – Software selectable trip point in CONFIG register • System protection features: – Computer operating properly (COP) watchdog – Low-voltage detection with reset – Illegal opcode detection with reset – Illegal address detection with reset • External asynchronous interrupt pin with internal pullup (IRQ) shared with general-purpose input pin • Master asynchronous reset pin (RST) shared with general-purpose input/output (I/O) pin • Power-on reset • Internal pullups on IRQ and RST to reduce external components • Memory mapped I/O registers 1. No security feature is absolutely secure. However, Motorola’s strategy is to make reading or copying the FLASH difficult for unauthorized users. DRM054 12 Accelerometer Reference Design Using the MC68HC908QY4 Introduction and Setup For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MOTOROLA Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Introduction and Setup MMA1220 and MMA1260 Accelerometers • Power saving stop and wait modes • Available in these packages: – 16-pin plastic dual in-line package (PDIP) – 16-pin small outline integrated circuit (SOIC) package – 16-pin thin shrink small outline package (TSSOP) Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... Features of the CPU08 include the following: • Enhanced HC05 programming model • Extensive loop control functions • 16 addressing modes (eight more than the HC05) • 16-bit index register and stack pointer • Memory-to-memory data transfers • Fast 8 × 8 multiply instruction • Fast 16/8 divide instruction • Binary-coded decimal (BCD) instructions • Optimization for controller applications • Efficient C language support 1.3 MMA1220 and MMA1260 Accelerometers The MMA series of silicon capacitive, micro-machined accelerometers features signal conditioning, a 2-pole low-pass filter, and temperature compensation. Zero-g offset full scale span and filter cut-off are factory set and require no external devices. A full system self-test capability verifies system functionality. Features of the MMA1220 and MMA1260 include: • Integral signal conditioning • Linear output • Ratiometric performance (MMA1220) • Bessel filters: – MMA1220 — 4th order Bessel filter preserves pulse shape integrity – MMA1260 — 2nd order bessel filter • Calibrated self-test • MMA1220 — low-voltage detect clock monitor • EPROM parity check status • Transducer hermetically sealed at wafer level for superior reliability • Robust design, high shock survivability Accelerometer Reference Design Using the MC68HC908QY4 MOTOROLA Introduction and Setup For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com DRM054 13 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Introduction and Setup Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... Typical applications include: • Vibration monitoring and recording • Appliance control • Mechanical bearing monitoring • Computer hard drive protection • Computer mouse and joysticks • Virtual reality input devices • Sports diagnostic devices and systems Table 1-2. Accelerometer Operating Characteristics Accelerometer Pin Count Zero-g (V) Sensitivity (mV/g) Acceleration Range (g) Supply Voltage (V) MMA1220 16 2.5 250 ±8 5 MMA1260 16 2.5 1200 ± 1.5 5 Figure 1-2. Simplified MMA1220 Block Diagram Figure 1-3. Simplified MMA1260 Block Diagram DRM054 14 Accelerometer Reference Design Using the MC68HC908QY4 Introduction and Setup For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MOTOROLA Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Introduction and Setup Setup Guide 1.4 Setup Guide This board operates in two different modes: programming mode and running mode. Programming mode allows downloading code to the MCU either by using a user monitor or a MON08 programmer. In running mode, the MCU executes the downloaded code. NOTE: Out of the box conditions suppose the board is programmed with “QY4 Accelerometer Code V1”. 1.4.1 Reprogramming the User FLASH Using User Monitor Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... The accelerometer demo board comes with extra (test) code in the FLASH. The following is a sample session that uses the CodeWarrior IDE to erase the user contents of the 4K FLASH module (see Figure 1-4 (a)) and reprogram with the accelerometer sample project using the user monitor mode (see Figure 1-4 (b)). The only hardware interface needed to do this is a serial cable connected between the board and your PC. Turn off power to the board at this time. (a) User Monitor Erase (b) Reprogram Figure 1-4. Sample Session Accelerometer Reference Design Using the MC68HC908QY4 MOTOROLA Introduction and Setup For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com DRM054 15 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Introduction and Setup Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... 1. Launch the CodeWarrior IDE. (CW08 V2.1 or later). 2. Under File Menu select Open. 3. Find and Select QY4_Acc_Board folder and click Open (see Figure 1-5). Figure 1-5. Find the Demo Project 4. Double-click on the QY4_Accelerometer.mcp file name. The CodeWarrior project will open (see Figure 1-6). Figure 1-6. Project Window for Demo Software DRM054 16 Accelerometer Reference Design Using the MC68HC908QY4 Introduction and Setup For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MOTOROLA Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Introduction and Setup Setup Guide Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... 5. Click the Debug icon (green arrow) in either the CodeWarrior menu bar or in the project window to start the debugger. The True-Time Simulator and Real-Time Debugger Window opens up. See Figure 1-7. Figure 1-7. True-Time Simulator and Real-Time Debugger Window 6. From the PEDebug pulldown menu select Device: M68DEMOQTY. (Device:HC908QT4 –> 68HC08 –> QT/QY Family –> M68DEMOQTY). See Figure 1-8) Figure 1-8. PEDebug Pulldown Menu for Device and Mode Selection Accelerometer Reference Design Using the MC68HC908QY4 MOTOROLA Introduction and Setup For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com DRM054 17 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Introduction and Setup Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... 7. Likewise, select Mode: In-Circuit Debug/Programming. The PROG08SZ programmer launches and the M68DEMOQTY Board Reset Sequence window appears (see Figure 1-9). Figure 1-9. M68DEMOQTY Board Reset Sequence Window If the Attempting to contact target window appears, select Class III, serial port, 9600 baud, IGNORE security failure, and click Contact target. See Figure 1-10. Figure 1-10. Attempting to Contact Target Window DRM054 18 Accelerometer Reference Design Using the MC68HC908QY4 Introduction and Setup For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MOTOROLA Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Introduction and Setup Setup Guide 8. Press and hold the S1 push button switch on the demo board while sliding S2 to the ON position. NOTE: The LCD will not reset if you did not hold the push button down while turning power on. Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... 9. Click OK. The programmer Confirm window appears (see Figure 1-11). Figure 1-11. Programmer Confirm Window 10. Click Yes. The Erase and Program FLASH window appears (see Figure 1-12). Figure 1-12. Programmer Erase and Program FLASH Window 11. Click Yes. The programmer begins an automated sequence that erases the FLASH then reprograms it with the project object file see Figure 1-13. Figure 1-13. CPROG08SZ Programmer Window The M68DEMOQTY Board Reset Sequence window appears twice more. Accelerometer Reference Design Using the MC68HC908QY4 MOTOROLA Introduction and Setup For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com DRM054 19 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Introduction and Setup Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. Turn off switch S2. Hold S1 depressed while turning S1 back on. Click OK. Repeat steps 13–15 as prompted. The Debugger window reappears. Right-click in the Memory window. Select Address in menu. Type in address EF82 and click OK. The new memory contents are shown. Contents will be FF if not programmed. See Figure 1-14. Figure 1-14. Verify New Code in FLASH 19. 20. 21. 22. Close the Debugger and CodeWarrior windows. Power down the demo board. Disconnect the serial cable from the demo board. Power up the demo board. The LCD should display the acceleration changes as the board is moved in its z-axis. 1.4.2 Reprogram the FLASH To reprogram the entire FLASH for the demo board normal monitor mode will be needed. Other than the CodeWarrior tool, the following are required: • Normal monitor mode interface – External – On-board • Internal oscillator trim value • Software 1.4.2.1 Normal Monitor Mode Interface The normal monitor mode interface must be used to reprogram the entire FLASH memory. The interface brings serial communications, high voltage, an external clock, and mode settings to the board. DRM054 20 Accelerometer Reference Design Using the MC68HC908QY4 Introduction and Setup For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MOTOROLA Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Introduction and Setup Setup Guide Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... External Requirements Refer to the application note entitled Low-Cost Programming and Debugging Options for M68HC08 MCUs, Motorola document order number AN2317/D, for one of several monitor mode circuits that can serve as the interface between the PC and the board. Any of the three circuits, or either a MON08-Cyclone or a MON08-Multilink from P&E Microcomputer Systems can be used. On-Board Requirements The demo board comes with an on-board MON08 interface. In order to use normal monitor mode, jumpers JP3 and JP4 should be removed. The board also comes with a 16-pin header (JP5) to directly plug the MON08 interface to program the MCU. Connect the following signals from the monitor mode interface to the JP5 header on the demo board. 1. Connect the ground line to pin 2 (VSS). 2. Connect the VTST signal to pin 6 (PTA2/IRQ). 3. Connect the COM signal to pin 8 (PTA0). 4. Connect the MOD1 signal to pin 10 (PTA4). 5. Connect the MOD0 signal to pin 12 (PTA1). 6. Connect the OSC signal to pin 13 (OSC1). 7. Connect the VDD line to pin 15 (VDD). NOTE: All remaining pins should be left unconnected. 1.4.2.2 Internal Oscillator Trim Value To find the internal oscillator trim value please refer to application note entitled MC68HC908QY4 Internal Oscillator Usage Notes, Motorola document order number AN2312/D, which provides some methods for finding this value. 1.4.2.3 Software Program code to load into the Accelerometer Demo Board. 1.4.3 Reprogramming the FLASH Through a MON08 Interface This procedure is, for the most part, for loading a completely new program into the FLASH memory on the demo board. This is an example using CodeWarrior and a MON08-Cyclone interface: 1. Launch CodeWarrior IDE (CW08 V2.1 or later). 2. Under File menu select New. 3. Select HC08 Stationery (Figure 1-15). Accelerometer Reference Design Using the MC68HC908QY4 MOTOROLA Introduction and Setup For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com DRM054 21 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... Introduction and Setup Figure 1-15. CodeWarrior New Project Window 4. Type in project name. Click OK. 5. In the New Project Stationery Window, click on + by QT_QY to expand selections. See Figure 1-16. Figure 1-16. New Project Stationery Window 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. DRM054 22 Click on + by QY4 to expand the selections. Click on C. Click OK. The project window is displayed. See Figure 1-17. Click on the + to expand the Sources folder. Click on the Sources folder to highlight it. To create new files click on the New Text File icon. Save document (place in project folder Sources or Headers). Name file and click on Save. Accelerometer Reference Design Using the MC68HC908QY4 Introduction and Setup For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MOTOROLA Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... Introduction and Setup Setup Guide Figure 1-17. New Project Window – Add Files 13. To add files to the project right-click on the Sources folder and select Add Files… The “Select files to add…” window appears. 14. Navigate to the file to add and select it. 15. Click Open. The Add Files window appears. See Figure 1-18. 16. Uncheck P&E PEDebug FCS-ICS-ICD and MMDS-MMEVS. Click OK. Figure 1-18. Add Files to Targets Window 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. Close the Project Messages window if it appears. Repeat steps 13 thorough 18 to keep adding new files. Set Trim Value (as explained in 1.4.2.2 Internal Oscillator Trim Value). Click on the Targets tab and select Cyclone. See Figure 1-19. Click the Debug icon in the CodeWarrior tool bar. The True-Time Simulator & Real-Time Debugger launches. Accelerometer Reference Design Using the MC68HC908QY4 MOTOROLA Introduction and Setup For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com DRM054 23 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... Introduction and Setup Figure 1-19. New Project Window – Set Targets 22. If the Attempting to contact target window (see Figure 1-20) does not appear, from the PEDebug pulldown menu select Device: HC908QY4. (Device: -> 68HC08 -> QT/QY Family -> HC908QY4). Figure 1-20. Attempting to Contact Target Window DRM054 24 Accelerometer Reference Design Using the MC68HC908QY4 Introduction and Setup For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MOTOROLA Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Introduction and Setup Setup Guide Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... 23. Likewise, select Mode: In-Circuit Debug/Programming. The PROG08SZ programmer launches and the Attempting to contact target window appears. 24. Select Class V in Target Hardware Type. Also select serial port, QT/QY, 5 volts and 4.9152-MHz clock. 25. Check the IGNORE security failure box. 26. Click Contact target with these setting. 27. If the Confirm window appears click Yes to reload object data. See Figure 1-21. Figure 1-21. Programmer Confirm Window 28. Click Yes in the Erase and Program FLASH window. See Figure 1-22. Figure 1-22. Programmer Erase and Program FLASH Window 29. The CPROG08S7 Programmer window appears as the programming script erases and reprograms the FLASH memory. Follow the instructions in the window and click OK as requested. The Command window in the True-Time Debugger indicates that the FLASH programming was successful. See Figure 1-23. 30. Close the Debugger and CodeWarrior windows. 31. Power down the demo board. 32. Disconnect the MON08 interface from the demo board. The new program is now loaded into the board. Accelerometer Reference Design Using the MC68HC908QY4 MOTOROLA Introduction and Setup For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com DRM054 25 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... Introduction and Setup Figure 1-23. True-Time Debugger Window — Successful Programming The Accelerometer Demo Board comes with a software application that runs using User Monitor. In the event that you accidentally erase the User Monitor from the demo board, the User Monitor must be reprogrammed for this application to run. Refer to the application note entitled Reprogramming the M68DEMO908QT4, Motorola document order number AN2322/D, for how to reprogram the User Monitor. Once the User Monitor is reprogrammed the software from the demo board can be programmed as shown in 1.4.1 Reprogramming the User FLASH Using User Monitor. DRM054 26 Accelerometer Reference Design Using the MC68HC908QY4 Introduction and Setup For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MOTOROLA Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Designer Reference Manual — DRM054 Section 2. Operational Description Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... 2.1 Introduction Motorola’s Low-Cost Accelerometer Reference Design is designed to provide an easy way to test and evaluate sensor functionality. The board includes two Motorola accelerometers with z-axis sensitivity, designed to sense acceleration changes and provide voltage proportional measurements for various applications. Board user interface includes a 16 x 2 line character LCD and two push buttons. 2.2 Electrical Characteristics The electrical characteristics in Table 2-1 apply to operation of the reference board at 25°C. Table 2-1. Board Electrical Characteristics Inputs Min Typ Max Unit DC input voltage 7.5 9 10.5 V DC input current — — 150 mA Minimum logic 1 input voltage 3.5 — — V Maximum logic 0 input voltage — — 1.5 V 9504 9600 9696 Baud RS-232 connection speed 2.3 User Interfaces The Accelerometer Board user interface (Figure 2-1) consists of: • 16 x 2 line character LCD • Trimmer potentiometer • Power-on switch • Jumper • Two push buttons • LED indicator • MON08 interface • RS0232 interface Accelerometer Reference Design Using the MC68HC908QY4 MOTOROLA Operational Description For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com DRM054 27 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... Operational Description Figure 2-1. Accelerometer Reference Design Layout Table 2-2. User Interfaces Reference Table DRM054 28 Num. ID Description 1 JP1 14-pin liquid crystal display (LCD) interface 2 LCD 16 characters per two lines LCD 3 R8 Trimmer to control the LCD’s contrast 4 S3 Power-on switch 5 JP2 3-position jumper header: When shorted between position 1 and 2 it enables the LCD Placing it in position 2 and 3 will disable the LCD 6 S1 Push button resets current accelerometer’s higher value detected by the software 7 S2 Push button toggles data acquisition between both accelerometers 8 DS1 Illuminates when power is applied to the board 9 JP5 16-pin MON08 interface to reprogram the board 10 JP3 2-position jumper header Removing it is necessary to reprogram MCU using MON08. 11 JP5 2-position jumper header Removing it is necessary to reprogram MCU using MON08. 12 X1 RS-232 interface, for monitor mode communication with a host computer 13 J1 DC jack to plug in 9-DC power adapter Accelerometer Reference Design Using the MC68HC908QY4 Operational Description For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MOTOROLA Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Operational Description Functional Description 2.4 Functional Description Motorola’s Low-Cost Accelerometer Reference Design comes programmed with code “QY4 Accelerometer Code V1”. This program uses all features from the MMA1220 and MMA1260 accelerometers. Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... To turn on the board plug the DC adapter into the jack and turn the S3 power-on switch to its ON position. After turning on the board the first message displayed on the LCD is: “ACCELEROMETER EVALUATION BOARD”. See Figure 2-2. Figure 2-2. Accelerometer Board Welcome Message 2.4.1 Self-Test When the welcome message disappears, “Running SelfTest on Demo Board” will be displayed on the LCD and the board will initiate a self-test routine on both accelerometers. This procedure allows verification of the mechanical and electrical integrity of the accelerometers. The board will start testing the MMA1220. After testing procedure is finished on that accelerometer, the MMA1260 will initiate self-test. CAUTION: It is very important not to move the board at this moment as this may affect testing results. There are two possible messages to be displayed depending on self-test’s results: 1. If testing results are successful, message “Self-Test OK…” will be displayed. See Figure 2-3 (a). 2. The LCD will display “Self-Test Failed” (see Figure 2-3 (b)) if after five retries the accelerometer gives out a bad result on self-test. Reasons for this message to appear may be: a. Board was in motion when self-test was running. b. Selected accelerometer is not working properly and should be changed. (a) Successful Self-Test Message (b) Fault Self-Test Message Figure 2-3. Self-Test Messages Accelerometer Reference Design Using the MC68HC908QY4 MOTOROLA Operational Description For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com DRM054 29 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Operational Description 2.4.2 Normal Mode After the self-test procedure is finished, the application will begin running in normal mode. As both accelerometers have z-axis sensitivity, the board must be moved on its z-axis in order for the LCD to display any acceleration changes. Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... At start up, the MMA1220 will be the initial accelerometer being read (Figure 2-4 (a)). Pressing push button S2 will alternate between both accelerometers (Figure 2-4 (b) shows the data screen for the MMA1260 accelerometer). The information displayed in the data screen is: • Accelerometer being read • Current acceleration value sensed in g units (1g = 9.81m/s2) • Maximum acceleration value reported • An over-acceleration warning The information will display in the LCD as shown in Figure 2-4. Acceleration data is displayed on the LCD as the board is moved on its z-axis. The top row in the LCD displays accelerations changes due to the board’s z-axis acceleration changes and is being updated as data varies. As the readings in the accelerometer vary, the maximum value sensed to that point will be displayed in the bottom row of the LCD screen. To reset this value, push button S1 must be pressed. Figure 2-4. Data Screens DRM054 30 Accelerometer Reference Design Using the MC68HC908QY4 Operational Description For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MOTOROLA Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Operational Description Functional Description 2.4.3 Over Acceleration In case the accelerometer readings exceed those in its specification (± 8g for MMA1220, ± 1.5 for MMA1260), an over-acceleration warning is displayed (see Figure 2-4 (c)). For normal acceleration, reading “---” will be displayed. In case the acceleration reading is higher than the maximum value previously described, “!!!” will be displayed. To reset this condition from the LCD press S1. Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... NOTE: It is very important to understand that although the accelerometers might be able to read acceleration changes above their specification limits, Motorola only guarantees accurate readings to those limits. 2.4.4 Getting Started The Accelerometer Board uses a 9-Vdc adapter plugged into J1 to power-on. A serial cable will only be needed to reprogram the board using monitor mode. The following accessories are not included with the Accelerometer Board: • DC adapter • Serial cable • MON08 programmer Accelerometer Reference Design Using the MC68HC908QY4 MOTOROLA Operational Description For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com DRM054 31 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... Operational Description DRM054 32 Accelerometer Reference Design Using the MC68HC908QY4 Operational Description For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MOTOROLA Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Designer Reference Manual — DRM054 Section 3. Schematics and Parts List 3.1 Introduction Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... Schematic and parts list detail are documented in this section. 3.2 Schematics A schematic for the Low-Cost Accelerometer Reference Design appears in Figure 3-1. Interrupted lines coded with the same letters are electrically connected. 3.3 Part List A detailed parts list for the Low-Cost Accelerometer Reference Design is shown in Table 3-1. Accelerometer Reference Design Using the MC68HC908QY4 MOTOROLA Schematics and Parts List For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com DRM054 33 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Figure 3-1. Accelerometer Board Schematic Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... Schematics and Parts List DRM054 34 Accelerometer Reference Design Using the MC68HC908QY4 Schematics and Parts List For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MOTOROLA MOTOROLA Accelerometer Reference Design Using the MC68HC908QY4 Schematics and Parts List For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com .1uF .01uF 1N4148 Red LM7805 MMA1220 MMA1260 MAX232 DC Jack DB9 1x14 pins 1x2 pins 1x14 pins 1x3 pins 2x8 pins 5 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1uF Value 7 Qty 2 x 16 Characters LCD Header MON08 Pin Header Pin Header Jumper Pin Receptacle DB9 (Female) DC Jack 2.00 mm LCD JP5 JP2 JP1 JP3, JP4 P1 J1 U5 U3 MAX232 U2 Accelerometer (1.5Gs) U1 Voltage Regulator (5V, 100mA) Accelerometer (8Gs) DS1 D1 Switching Diode 1n4148 Red LED (1206) C4 Connectors LCD Headers Jumpers Tianma Tyco SPC Connectors SPC Connectors TI Motorola Motorola On Semi Integrated Circuits Chicago Miniature Lamp, Inc. On Semiconductors Diodes Kemet Kemet C3, C5, C6, C7, C8 Capacitors Manufacturer United Chemi-Con Label C1, C2, C9, C10 C11, C12, C13 Capacitor (0805) Capacitor (0805) Electrolytic Capacitor Description Table 3-1. Bill of Materials TM162AAA6-2 1-534237-2 DE-9S-PCB SPC4077 MAX232D MMA1260D MMA1220D MC78L05ABDR2 CMD15-21VRC/TR8 MMSD4148T1 C0805C103K5RACTR C0805C104K5RACTR MVK50VC1R0MD55TP Part Number Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... Newark Newark Newark Newark Newark Newark Newark Newark Newark Newark Distributor 52F3009 44N8882 84N1161 91F3642 20C1133 93B3495 92B1276 93F2330 96F8740 16F9832 Distributor Part Number Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Schematics and Parts List Part List DRM054 35 DRM054 36 Resistor (0805) Resistor (0805) 1K, 1/10W 10K, 1/10W 10K 3 3 1 Push Button Slide Switch 2 1 Trimmer (3313) Resistor (0805) 330, 1/4W 1 Microcontroller Description QY4 Value 1 Qty S3 S1, S2 R8 R4, R5, R7 R2, R3, R6 R1 U4 Label Omron Components USA Switches Bourns, Inc. Potentiometer Vishay Vishay Vishay Resistors Motorola Microcontroller Manufacturer Part Number B3F-1000 3313J-1-103E CRCW08051002FRT1 CRCW08051001FRT1 CRCW0805331JRT1 MC68HC908QY4CDW Table 3-1. Bill of Materials (Continued) Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... Newark Newark Newark Newark Newark Distributor 52F3545 04F8036 05F1511 05F1507 66F9045 Distributor Part Number Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Schematics and Parts List Accelerometer Reference Design Using the MC68HC908QY4 Schematics and Parts List For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MOTOROLA Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Designer Reference Manual — DRM054 Section 4. Hardware Design Considerations Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... 4.1 Introduction The board developed for the reference design includes the hardware required to run the application along with the interface to download new code to the MCU allowing the design engineer to tailor the application. The FLASH on the MCU can be reprogrammed through RS-232 interface or using a MON08 interface. 4.2 MC68HC908QY4 Microcontroller Unit (MCU) The board comes with an 8-bit microcontroller (see Figure 4-1) preprogrammed to demonstrate the capabilities of the accelerometers MMA1220D and MMA1260D. Figure 4-1. HC908QY4 MCU Accelerometer Reference Design Using the MC68HC908QY4 MOTOROLA Hardware Design Considerations For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com DRM054 37 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Hardware Design Considerations 4.3 DC Power Supply Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... The main power input to the board is through a power jack (J1). From the line input jack J1, with switch S3 in its On position, there is a derivation that generates the low voltage power supply (5 Vdc). This power supply is generated using voltage regulator LM78L05A (U1). Input bypass capacitor C1 has been added to the regulator’s input to provide good high–frequency characteristics to insure stable operation. An output bypass capacitor (C2) has also been added for improved transient response. A red light-emitting diode (LED) (DS1) was included to show proper +5 Vdc power supply operation. R1 will ensure proper current feed into DS1. See Figure 4-2. Figure 4-2. DC Power Supply 4.4 RS-232 Interface and MON08 Hardware Interface These board interfaces (see Figure 4-3) allow the user to program the FLASH in the MCU (MON08). Also, communication via the RS-232 interface when operating in run mode. DRM054 38 • The board provides an RS-232 interface by the use of a MAX232 (U5). U5 is a dual driver/receiver that includes a capacitive voltage generator to supply EIA-232 voltage levels from a single 5-V supply. Each receiver converts EIA-232 inputs to 5-V TTL/CMOS levels. • Capacitor C9 is used on VDD to decouple the power source. Capacitors C10, C11, C12, and C13 are typical MAX232 operation. • R5 is a pull-up resistor. R6 and D1 are part of the monitor mode circuit implementation. D1 is a fast switching diode to avoid bus conflict. • JP5 is an 8 x 2 pin header connected to the MCU’s ports. The pin layout for JP5 is arranged to interface with a MON08 programmer. Accelerometer Reference Design Using the MC68HC908QY4 Hardware Design Considerations For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MOTOROLA Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... Hardware Design Considerations MMA1220 and MMA1260 Accelerometers Figure 4-3. RS-232 and MON08 Interfaces 4.5 MMA1220 and MMA1260 Accelerometers The board contains two accelerometers (U2 and U3) connected to the MCU. Capacitors C3 and C5 are used on VDD to decouple the power source. An RC filter (R2 and C4 for U2, R3 and C6 for U3) is placed on both accelerometers’ outputs to minimize clock noise. See Figure 4-4. Figure 4-4. MMA1220 and MMA1260 Accelerometers Accelerometer Reference Design Using the MC68HC908QY4 MOTOROLA Hardware Design Considerations For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com DRM054 39 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Hardware Design Considerations 4.6 LCD Interface Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... The board contains an LCD as the main user interface feedback. The LCD contains an internal driver. The display is controlled and managed through the microcontroller’s port signals. Resistor R7 and trimmer R8 control the LCD display’s contrast. Figure 4-5 shows the hardware interface. Figure 4-5. LCD Interface DRM054 40 Accelerometer Reference Design Using the MC68HC908QY4 Hardware Design Considerations For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MOTOROLA Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Designer Reference Manual — DRM054 Section 5. Software Design Considerations Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... 5.1 Introduction The code for the Low-Cost Accelerometer Reference Design is an endless loop that refreshes the LCD with the newest top accelerometer value. Interrupts from the timer and the push button will: • Serve as debouncing (for the push buttons), • Select the accelerometer to be read, or • Reset the top value. 5.2 Application State Diagram As Figure 5-1 shows, the application state consists of the hardware initialization routine, hardware testing, followed by main loop with background tasks. Push button service and debouncing is managed by the interrupt routines. Figure 5-1. Application State Diagram Accelerometer Reference Design Using the MC68HC908QY4 MOTOROLA Software Design Considerations For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com DRM054 41 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Software Design Considerations Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... The brief description of the application for the Accelerometer Reference Design follows: DRM054 42 • Hardware initialization routine: – Configuration register setup – Liquid crystal display (LCD) initialization – Port A (PTA) setup – Analog-to-digial (ADC) initialization – Timer initialization – Keyboard interface (KBI) initialization • Hardware testing routine: – Test accelerometer status/self test – Display self test results on LCD • Main loop: – Get new value – Format data – Check for new top value – Refresh LCD data • Timer overflow interrupt handler: – Clear overflow flag – Push button debounce – If S2 is pressed switch accumulator read – If S1 is pressed reset top value – Acknowledge pending interrupts – Re-enables keyboard interrupts • KBI interrupt handler: – Debouncing count variable initialization – Acknowledge KB Interrupts – Mask KB interrupts during 51.2 ms Accelerometer Reference Design Using the MC68HC908QY4 Software Design Considerations For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MOTOROLA Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Software Design Considerations Data Flow 5.3 Data Flow Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... Figure 5-2 shows the main loop flowchart. Figure 5-2. Main Loop Flowchart 5.4 Routines Description This subsection describes the various routines. 5.4.1 Main(void) This routine configures the MCU and its peripherals, tests the accelerometers’ status. It also includes the main endless loop that is constantly refreshing the LCD with the newest top accelerometer value. 5.4.2 InitHardware(void) Subroutine that initializes CONFIG registers, LCD, PTA, and accelerometers’ status latch. 5.4.3 Wait1ms(void) Fixed delay that waits for 1 millisecond. Accelerometer Reference Design Using the MC68HC908QY4 MOTOROLA Software Design Considerations For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com DRM054 43 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Software Design Considerations 5.4.4 WaitNms(UINT8 n) This delay function waits for the amount of milliseconds specified by the parameter n. Parameters: n is an 8-bit unsigned value that specifies the amount of milliseconds that the delay function is going to wait. 5.4.5 Toggle(void) Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... This function toggles the E line on the LCD. The E line is connected to PTB2. 5.4.6 LcdCommand8(UINT8 u8Command) Subroutine for sending control bytes to the LCD. This routine is used with the LCD in 8-bit mode. It is used to set the LCD to 4-bit mode. Parameters: u8Command is an 8-bit value for control commands. 5.4.7 LcdCommand(UINT8 u8Command) Subroutine for sending control bytes to the LCD. This routine sends the 8-bit value in two parts, since the LCD is operating in 4-bit mode. Parameters: u8Command is an 8-bit value for different control commands. 5.4.8 InitLcd(void) This subroutine is used to initialize the LCD to 4-bit mode and general settings. 5.4.9 DisplayString(UINT8 *str) This function displays a string in the LCD at the current cursor position by sending the characters in the string until a NULL character is found. Parameters: *str is a pointer to the string to be displayed in the LCD. 5.4.10 InitAdc(void) This routine will setup the ADC, configure the ADC prescaler, select single conversion mode and channel. The ADC will read the input from on-board accelerometers. Channel 2 corresponds for MMA1220 accelerometer and channel 3 for MMA1260. DRM054 44 Accelerometer Reference Design Using the MC68HC908QY4 Software Design Considerations For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MOTOROLA Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Software Design Considerations Routines Description 5.4.11 AdcGetValue(UINT8 u8AccChannel) This function generates a single conversion and waits until it is completed. The result is returned as an 8-bit variable. This loop is ended in case the ADC takes more than 10 attempts to obtain the converted value. Parameters: u8AccChannel is an 8-bit variable that indicates the channel to be measured. Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... 5.4.12 InitTimer(void) This function turns on timer channel 1 such that it counts between 0 and $FF. An overflow interrupt occurs every 256*64 = 16384 bus cycles (5.12 ms @3.2-MHZ bus). 5.4.13 _TOF_Interrupt(void) This is the timer overflow interrupt service routine. The timer rolls over every 256T counts of the timer (TMOD = $FF). This overflow routine period is used as a time-base for the debounce of the push buttons on the board. 5.4.14 InitKbi(void) This function configures the KBI module to accept interrupts on PTA2 and PTA3 that are connected to the S1 and S2 push buttons on the board. 5.4.15 _KBD_Interrupt(void) This is the keyboard interrupt service routine. This routine sets the debounce time to 51.2 ms and masks the keyboard interrupts. 5.4.16 AccDataConvGs(UINT8 u8RawValue) This subroutine converts the acquired data from the accelerometers to g units. This value is obtained from the actual accelerometer selected. An 8-bit value containing the data formatted in gs is returned. Parameters: u8RawValue is an 8-bit value that contains the data to be converted to gs. Accelerometer Reference Design Using the MC68HC908QY4 MOTOROLA Software Design Considerations For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com DRM054 45 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Software Design Considerations 5.4.17 AccTest(UINT8 u8AccUnderTest) Subroutine that tests the accelerometers’ status. This routine sets the self-test pin to high to test the accelerometers’ functionality to be within specifications. This test is run a maximum amount of five times or until the first testing is passed. The output of the testing is reflected to the LCD. Parameters: U8accundertest is an 8-bit value that specifies the accelerometer to be used. Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... 5.4.18 AccDataFormat(UINT8 u8AccData) This function formats the data acquired from the ADC to the LCD message buffer. The data is formatted to g units and positioned in the message buffer to be displayed in the LCD. A Boolean variable is returned reflecting if a new top value is found. Parameters: u8AccData is an 8-bit value with the data acquired from the ADC. 5.5 MCU Usage Table 5-1 shows how much memory is needed to program the MCU with the Low-Cost Accelerometer Reference Design application. Table 5-1. RAM and FLASH Memory Usage NOTE: DRM054 46 Memory (in 8-Bit Words) Available (MC68HC908QY4) Used (Application + Stack) Program FLASH 4096 1442 Due of the application’s total number of bytes, a MC68HC908QY1 may also be used on this reference design. Accelerometer Reference Design Using the MC68HC908QY4 Software Design Considerations For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MOTOROLA Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Designer Reference Manual — DRM054 Section 6. Source Code 6.1 Introduction Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... This section contains the source code for: • Include files: MC68HC908QY4.H NITRON_MASKS.H TYPES.H LCDDRV.H ADC.H TIMER.H KBI.H ACCELEROMETER.H • Source files: MC68HC908QY4.C VECTORS.C MAIN.C LCDDRV.C ADC.C TIMER.C KBI.C ACCELEROMETER.C Accelerometer Reference Design Using the MC68HC908QY4 MOTOROLA Source Code For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com DRM054 47 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Source Code 6.2 Include Files Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... 6.2.1 MC68HC908QY4.H /* ** ################################################################### ** ** THIS BEAN MODULE IS GENERATED BY THE TOOL. DO NOT MODIFY IT. ** ** Filename : MC68HC908QY4.H ** ** Processor : MC68HC908QY4CP ** ** Version : Driver 01.02 ** ** Compiler : Metrowerks HC08 C Compiler V-5.0.13 ** ** Date/Time : 05.08.2002, 05:32 ** ** Abstract : ** ** This bean "IO_Map" implements an IO devices mapping. ** ** Settings : ** ** ** ** Contents : ** ** No public methods ** ** ** (c) Copyright UNIS, spol. s r.o. 1997-2002 ** ** UNIS, spol. s r.o. ** Jundrovska 33 ** 624 00 Brno ** Czech Republic ** ** http : www.processorexpert.com ** mail : [email protected] ** ** ################################################################### */ /*Types definition*/ #ifndef _MC68HC908QY4_H #define _MC68HC908QY4_H typedef typedef typedef typedef typedef #define unsigned char bool; unsigned char byte; unsigned int word; unsigned long dword; unsigned long dlong[2]; __RESET_WATCHDOG() {asm sta COPCTL;} /* just write a byte to feed the dog */ DRM054 Accelerometer Reference Design Using the MC68HC908QY4 48 Source Code For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MOTOROLA Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Source Code Include Files Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... #pragma MESSAGE DISABLE C1106 /* WARNING C1106: Non-standard bitfield type */ /* Based on CPU DB MC68HC908QT4, version 2.87.081 */ /*** PTA - Port A Data Register ***/ typedef union { byte Byte; struct { byte PTA0 :1; /* Port A Data Bit 0, byte PTA1 :1; /* Port A Data Bit 1, byte PTA2 :1; /* Port A Data Bit 2, byte PTA3 :1; /* Port A Data Bit 3, byte PTA4 :1; /* Port A Data Bit 4, byte PTA5 :1; /* Port A Data Bit 5, byte AWUL :1; /* Auto Wake-up Latch byte :1; } Bits; struct { byte PTA :6; byte AWUL :1; byte :1; } MergedBits; } PTASTR; extern volatile PTASTR _PTA @0x00000000; #define PTA _PTA.Byte #define PTA_PTA0 _PTA.Bits.PTA0 #define PTA_PTA1 _PTA.Bits.PTA1 #define PTA_PTA2 _PTA.Bits.PTA2 #define PTA_PTA3 _PTA.Bits.PTA3 #define PTA_PTA4 _PTA.Bits.PTA4 #define PTA_PTA5 _PTA.Bits.PTA5 #define PTA_AWUL _PTA.Bits.AWUL #define PTA_PTA _PTA.MergedBits.PTA /*** DDRA - Data typedef union { byte Byte; struct { byte DDRA0 byte DDRA1 byte byte DDRA3 byte DDRA4 byte DDRA5 byte byte } Bits; struct { byte DDRA byte byte DDRA_3 byte byte } MergedBits; } DDRASTR; Keyboard Keyboard Keyboard Keyboard Keyboard Keyboard Data Bit pin pin pin pin pin pin 0 1 2 3 4 5 */ */ */ */ */ */ Direction Register A ***/ :1; :1; :1; :1; :1; :1; :1; :1; /* Data Direction Register A Bit 0 */ /* Data Direction Register A Bit 1 */ /* Data Direction Register A Bit 3 */ /* Data Direction Register A Bit 4 */ /* Data Direction Register A Bit 5 */ :2; :1; :3; :1; :1; Accelerometer Reference Design Using the MC68HC908QY4 MOTOROLA interrupt interrupt interrupt interrupt interrupt interrupt */ Source Code For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com DRM054 49 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Source Code Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... extern volatile DDRASTR _DDRA @0x00000004; #define DDRA _DDRA.Byte #define DDRA_DDRA0 _DDRA.Bits.DDRA0 #define DDRA_DDRA1 _DDRA.Bits.DDRA1 #define DDRA_DDRA3 _DDRA.Bits.DDRA3 #define DDRA_DDRA4 _DDRA.Bits.DDRA4 #define DDRA_DDRA5 _DDRA.Bits.DDRA5 #define DDRA_DDRA _DDRA.MergedBits.DDRA #define DDRA_DDRA_3 _DDRA.MergedBits.DDRA_3 /*** PTB - Port B Data Register ***/ typedef union { byte Byte; struct { byte PTB0 :1; /* Port B byte PTB1 :1; /* Port B byte PTB2 :1; /* Port B byte PTB3 :1; /* Port B byte PTB4 :1; /* Port B byte PTB5 :1; /* Port B byte PTB6 :1; /* Port B byte PTB7 :1; /* Port B } Bits; } PTBSTR; extern volatile PTBSTR _PTB @0x00000001; #define PTB _PTB.Byte #define PTB_PTB0 _PTB.Bits.PTB0 #define PTB_PTB1 _PTB.Bits.PTB1 #define PTB_PTB2 _PTB.Bits.PTB2 #define PTB_PTB3 _PTB.Bits.PTB3 #define PTB_PTB4 _PTB.Bits.PTB4 #define PTB_PTB5 _PTB.Bits.PTB5 #define PTB_PTB6 _PTB.Bits.PTB6 #define PTB_PTB7 _PTB.Bits.PTB7 Data Data Data Data Data Data Data Data Bit Bit Bit Bit Bit Bit Bit Bit 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 */ */ */ */ */ */ */ */ /*** DDRB - Data Direction Register B ***/ typedef union { byte Byte; struct { byte DDRB0 :1; /* Data Direction Register B byte DDRB1 :1; /* Data Direction Register B byte DDRB2 :1; /* Data Direction Register byte DDRB3 :1; /* Data Direction Register B byte DDRB4 :1; /* Data Direction Register B byte DDRB5 :1; /* Data Direction Register B byte DDRB6 :1; /* Data Direction Register B byte DDRB7 :1; /* Data Direction Register B } Bits; } DDRBSTR; extern volatile DDRBSTR _DDRB @0x00000005; #define DDRB _DDRB.Byte #define DDRB_DDRB0 _DDRB.Bits.DDRB0 #define DDRB_DDRB1 _DDRB.Bits.DDRB1 DRM054 50 Bit 0 Bit 1 B Bit Bit 3 Bit 4 Bit 5 Bit 6 Bit 7 */ */ 1 */ */ */ */ */ */ Accelerometer Reference Design Using the MC68HC908QY4 Source Code For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MOTOROLA Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Source Code Include Files Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... #define #define #define #define #define #define DDRB_DDRB2 DDRB_DDRB3 DDRB_DDRB4 DDRB_DDRB5 DDRB_DDRB6 DDRB_DDRB7 _DDRB.Bits.DDRB2 _DDRB.Bits.DDRB3 _DDRB.Bits.DDRB4 _DDRB.Bits.DDRB5 _DDRB.Bits.DDRB6 _DDRB.Bits.DDRB7 /*** KBSCR - Keyboard Status and Control Register ***/ typedef union { byte Byte; struct { byte MODEK :1; /* Keyboard Triggering Sensitivity Bit */ byte IMASKK :1; /* Keyboard Interrupt Mask Bit */ byte ACKK :1; /* Keyboard Acknowledge Bit */ byte KEYF :1; /* Keyboard Flag Bit */ byte :1; byte :1; byte :1; byte :1; } Bits; } KBSCRSTR; extern volatile KBSCRSTR _KBSCR @0x0000001A; #define KBSCR _KBSCR.Byte #define KBSCR_MODEK _KBSCR.Bits.MODEK #define KBSCR_IMASKK _KBSCR.Bits.IMASKK #define KBSCR_ACKK _KBSCR.Bits.ACKK #define KBSCR_KEYF _KBSCR.Bits.KEYF /*** KBIER - Keyboard Interrrupt Enable Register KBIER ***/ typedef union { byte Byte; struct { byte KBIE0 :1; /* Keyboard Interrupt Enable Bit byte KBIE1 :1; /* Keyboard Interrupt Enable Bit byte KBIE2 :1; /* Keyboard Interrupt Enable Bit byte KBIE3 :1; /* Keyboard Interrupt Enable Bit byte KBIE4 :1; /* Keyboard Interrupt Enable Bit byte KBIE5 :1; /* Keyboard Interrupt Enable Bit byte AWUIE :1; /* Auto Wake-up Interrupt Enable byte :1; } Bits; struct { byte KBIE :6; byte AWUIE :1; byte :1; } MergedBits; } KBIERSTR; extern volatile KBIERSTR _KBIER @0x0000001B; #define KBIER _KBIER.Byte #define KBIER_KBIE0 _KBIER.Bits.KBIE0 #define KBIER_KBIE1 _KBIER.Bits.KBIE1 #define KBIER_KBIE2 _KBIER.Bits.KBIE2 #define KBIER_KBIE3 _KBIER.Bits.KBIE3 #define KBIER_KBIE4 _KBIER.Bits.KBIE4 Accelerometer Reference Design Using the MC68HC908QY4 MOTOROLA Source Code For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com 0 */ 1 */ 2 */ 3 */ 4 */ 5 */ Bit */ DRM054 51 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Source Code Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... #define KBIER_KBIE5 _KBIER.Bits.KBIE5 #define KBIER_AWUIE _KBIER.Bits.AWUIE #define KBIER_KBIE _KBIER.MergedBits.KBIE /*** CONFIG2 - Configuration Register 2 ***/ typedef union { byte Byte; struct { byte RSTEN :1; /* RST Pin Function Selection */ byte :1; byte :1; byte OSCOPT0 :1; /* Selection Bits for Oscillator Option */ byte OSCOPT1 :1; /* Selection Bits for Oscillator Option */ byte :1; byte IRQEN :1; /* IRQ Pin Function Selection Bit */ byte IRQPUD :1; /* IRQ Pin Pullup Control Bit */ } Bits; struct { byte RSTEN :1; byte :1; byte :1; byte OSCOPT :2; byte :1; byte IRQEN :1; byte IRQPUD :1; } MergedBits; } CONFIG2STR; extern volatile CONFIG2STR _CONFIG2 @0x0000001E; #define CONFIG2 _CONFIG2.Byte #define CONFIG2_RSTEN _CONFIG2.Bits.RSTEN #define CONFIG2_OSCOPT0 _CONFIG2.Bits.OSCOPT0 #define CONFIG2_OSCOPT1 _CONFIG2.Bits.OSCOPT1 #define CONFIG2_IRQEN _CONFIG2.Bits.IRQEN #define CONFIG2_IRQPUD _CONFIG2.Bits.IRQPUD #define CONFIG2_OSCOPT _CONFIG2.MergedBits.OSCOPT /*** CONFIG1 - Configuration Register 1 ***/ typedef union { byte Byte; struct { byte COPD :1; /* COP Disable Bit */ byte STOP :1; /* STOP Instruction Enable Bit */ byte SSREC :1; /* Short Stop Recovery Bit */ byte LVI5OR3 :1; /* LVI 5-V or 3-V Operating Mode Bit */ byte LVIPWRD :1; /* Low Voltage Inhibit Power Disable Bit */ byte LVIRSTD :1; /* Low Voltage Inhibit Reset Disable Bit */ byte LVISTOP :1; /* LVI Enable in Stop Mode Bit */ byte COPRS :1; /* COP Reset Period Selection Bit */ } Bits; } CONFIG1STR; extern volatile CONFIG1STR _CONFIG1 @0x0000001F; #define CONFIG1 _CONFIG1.Byte #define CONFIG1_COPD _CONFIG1.Bits.COPD #define CONFIG1_STOP _CONFIG1.Bits.STOP DRM054 52 Accelerometer Reference Design Using the MC68HC908QY4 Source Code For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MOTOROLA Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Source Code Include Files Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... #define #define #define #define #define #define CONFIG1_SSREC _CONFIG1.Bits.SSREC CONFIG1_LVI5OR3 _CONFIG1.Bits.LVI5OR3 CONFIG1_LVIPWRD _CONFIG1.Bits.LVIPWRD CONFIG1_LVIRSTD _CONFIG1.Bits.LVIRSTD CONFIG1_LVISTOP _CONFIG1.Bits.LVISTOP CONFIG1_COPRS _CONFIG1.Bits.COPRS /*** TSC - TIM Status and Control Register TSC ***/ typedef union { byte Byte; struct { byte PS0 :1; /* Prescaler Select Bit */ byte PS1 :1; /* Prescaler Select Bit */ byte PS2 :1; /* Prescaler Select Bit */ byte :1; byte TRST :1; /* TIM Reset Bit */ byte TSTOP :1; /* TIM Stop Bit */ byte TOIE :1; /* TIM Overflow Interrupt Enable Bit */ byte TOF :1; /* TIM Overflow Flag Bit */ } Bits; struct { byte PS :3; byte :1; byte TRST :1; byte TSTOP :1; byte TOIE :1; byte TOF :1; } MergedBits; } TSCSTR; extern volatile TSCSTR _TSC @0x00000020; #define TSC _TSC.Byte #define TSC_PS0 _TSC.Bits.PS0 #define TSC_PS1 _TSC.Bits.PS1 #define TSC_PS2 _TSC.Bits.PS2 #define TSC_TRST _TSC.Bits.TRST #define TSC_TSTOP _TSC.Bits.TSTOP #define TSC_TOIE _TSC.Bits.TOIE #define TSC_TOF _TSC.Bits.TOF #define TSC_PS _TSC.MergedBits.PS /*** TMODH - TIM typedef union { byte Byte; struct { byte BIT8 byte BIT9 byte BIT10 byte BIT11 byte BIT12 byte BIT13 byte BIT14 byte BIT15 } Bits; Counter Modulo Register High ***/ :1; :1; :1; :1; :1; :1; :1; :1; /* /* /* /* /* /* /* /* TIM TIM TIM TIM TIM TIM TIM TIM Counter Counter Counter Counter Counter Counter Counter Counter Modulo Modulo Modulo Modulo Modulo Modulo Modulo Modulo Bit Bit Bit Bit Bit Bit Bit Bit */ */ */ */ */ */ */ */ Accelerometer Reference Design Using the MC68HC908QY4 MOTOROLA Source Code For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com DRM054 53 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... Source Code struct { byte BIT_8 :8; } MergedBits; } TMODHSTR; extern volatile TMODHSTR _TMODH @0x00000023; #define TMODH _TMODH.Byte #define TMODH_BIT8 _TMODH.Bits.BIT8 #define TMODH_BIT9 _TMODH.Bits.BIT9 #define TMODH_BIT10 _TMODH.Bits.BIT10 #define TMODH_BIT11 _TMODH.Bits.BIT11 #define TMODH_BIT12 _TMODH.Bits.BIT12 #define TMODH_BIT13 _TMODH.Bits.BIT13 #define TMODH_BIT14 _TMODH.Bits.BIT14 #define TMODH_BIT15 _TMODH.Bits.BIT15 #define TMODH_BIT_8 _TMODH.MergedBits.BIT_8 /*** TMODL - TIM Counter Modulo Register Low ***/ typedef union { byte Byte; struct { byte BIT0 :1; /* TIM Counter Modulo byte BIT1 :1; /* TIM Counter Modulo byte BIT2 :1; /* TIM Counter Modulo byte BIT3 :1; /* TIM Counter Modulo byte BIT4 :1; /* TIM Counter Modulo byte BIT5 :1; /* TIM Counter Modulo byte BIT6 :1; /* TIM Counter Modulo byte BIT7 :1; /* TIM Counter Modulo } Bits; struct { byte BIT :8; } MergedBits; } TMODLSTR; extern volatile TMODLSTR _TMODL @0x00000024; #define TMODL _TMODL.Byte #define TMODL_BIT0 _TMODL.Bits.BIT0 #define TMODL_BIT1 _TMODL.Bits.BIT1 #define TMODL_BIT2 _TMODL.Bits.BIT2 #define TMODL_BIT3 _TMODL.Bits.BIT3 #define TMODL_BIT4 _TMODL.Bits.BIT4 #define TMODL_BIT5 _TMODL.Bits.BIT5 #define TMODL_BIT6 _TMODL.Bits.BIT6 #define TMODL_BIT7 _TMODL.Bits.BIT7 #define TMODL_BIT _TMODL.MergedBits.BIT /*** ADSCR - ADC typedef union { byte Byte; struct { byte CH0 byte CH1 byte CH2 byte CH3 byte CH4 byte ADCO DRM054 54 Bit Bit Bit Bit Bit Bit Bit Bit */ */ */ */ */ */ */ */ Status and Control Register ***/ :1; :1; :1; :1; :1; :1; /* /* /* /* /* /* ADC ADC ADC ADC ADC ADC Channel Select Bit 0 */ Channel Select Bit 1 */ Channel Select Bit 2 */ Channel Select Bit 3 */ Channel Select Bit 4 */ Continuous Conversion Bit */ Accelerometer Reference Design Using the MC68HC908QY4 Source Code For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MOTOROLA Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Source Code Include Files Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... byte AIEN byte COCO } Bits; struct { byte CH byte ADCO byte AIEN byte COCO } MergedBits; } ADSCRSTR; :1; :1; /* ADC Interrupt Enable Bit */ /* Conversions Complete Bit */ :5; :1; :1; :1; extern volatile ADSCRSTR _ADSCR @0x0000003C; #define ADSCR _ADSCR.Byte #define ADSCR_CH0 _ADSCR.Bits.CH0 #define ADSCR_CH1 _ADSCR.Bits.CH1 #define ADSCR_CH2 _ADSCR.Bits.CH2 #define ADSCR_CH3 _ADSCR.Bits.CH3 #define ADSCR_CH4 _ADSCR.Bits.CH4 #define ADSCR_ADCO _ADSCR.Bits.ADCO #define ADSCR_AIEN _ADSCR.Bits.AIEN #define ADSCR_COCO _ADSCR.Bits.COCO #define ADSCR_CH _ADSCR.MergedBits.ADV /*** ADR - ADC Data Register ***/ typedef union { byte Byte; struct { byte AD0 :1; /* ADC Data byte AD1 :1; /* ADC Data byte AD2 :1; /* ADC Data byte AD3 :1; /* ADC Data byte AD4 :1; /* ADC Data byte AD5 :1; /* ADC Data byte AD6 :1; /* ADC Data byte AD7 :1; /* ADC Data } Bits; struct { byte AD :8; } MergedBits; } ADRSTR; extern volatile ADRSTR _ADR @0x0000003E; #define ADR _ADR.Byte #define ADR_AD0 _ADR.Bits.AD0 #define ADR_AD1 _ADR.Bits.AD1 #define ADR_AD2 _ADR.Bits.AD2 #define ADR_AD3 _ADR.Bits.AD3 #define ADR_AD4 _ADR.Bits.AD4 #define ADR_AD5 _ADR.Bits.AD5 #define ADR_AD6 _ADR.Bits.AD6 #define ADR_AD7 _ADR.Bits.AD7 #define ADR_AD _ADR.MergedBits.AD Bit Bit Bit Bit Bit Bit Bit Bit 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 */ */ */ */ */ */ */ */ Accelerometer Reference Design Using the MC68HC908QY4 MOTOROLA Source Code For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com DRM054 55 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... Source Code /*** ADICLK - ADC Input Clock Register ***/ typedef union { byte Byte; struct { byte :1; byte :1; byte :1; byte :1; byte :1; byte ADIV0 :1; /* ADC Clock Prescaler Bit 0 */ byte ADIV1 :1; /* ADC Clock Prescaler Bit 1 */ byte ADIV2 :1; /* ADC Clock Prescaler Bit 2 */ } Bits; struct { byte :1; byte :1; byte :1; byte :1; byte :1; byte ADIV :3; } MergedBits; } ADICLKSTR; extern volatile ADICLKSTR _ADICLK @0x0000003F; #define ADICLK _ADICLK.Byte #define ADICLK_ADIV0 _ADICLK.Bits.ADIV0 #define ADICLK_ADIV1 _ADICLK.Bits.ADIV1 #define ADICLK_ADIV2 _ADICLK.Bits.ADIV2 #define ADICLK_ADIV _ADICLK.MergedBits.ADIV /*** TCNT - TIM Counter Register ***/ typedef union { word Byte; struct { byte BIT0 :1; /* TIM byte BIT1 :1; /* TIM byte BIT2 :1; /* TIM byte BIT3 :1; /* TIM byte BIT4 :1; /* TIM byte BIT5 :1; /* TIM byte BIT6 :1; /* TIM byte BIT7 :1; /* TIM byte BIT8 :1; /* TIM byte BIT9 :1; /* TIM byte BIT10 :1; /* TIM byte BIT11 :1; /* TIM byte BIT12 :1; /* TIM byte BIT13 :1; /* TIM byte BIT14 :1; /* TIM byte BIT15 :1; /* TIM } Bits; struct { word BIT :16; } MergedBits; DRM054 56 Counter Counter Counter Counter Counter Counter Counter Counter Counter Counter Counter Counter Counter Counter Counter Counter Bit Bit Bit Bit Bit Bit Bit Bit Bit Bit Bit Bit Bit Bit Bit Bit */ */ */ */ */ */ */ */ */ */ */ */ */ */ */ */ Accelerometer Reference Design Using the MC68HC908QY4 Source Code For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MOTOROLA Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... Source Code Include Files } TCNTSTR; extern volatile TCNTSTR _TCNT @0x00000021; #define TCNT _TCNT.Byte #define TCNT_BIT0 _TCNT.Bits.BIT0 #define TCNT_BIT1 _TCNT.Bits.BIT1 #define TCNT_BIT2 _TCNT.Bits.BIT2 #define TCNT_BIT3 _TCNT.Bits.BIT3 #define TCNT_BIT4 _TCNT.Bits.BIT4 #define TCNT_BIT5 _TCNT.Bits.BIT5 #define TCNT_BIT6 _TCNT.Bits.BIT6 #define TCNT_BIT7 _TCNT.Bits.BIT7 #define TCNT_BIT8 _TCNT.Bits.BIT8 #define TCNT_BIT9 _TCNT.Bits.BIT9 #define TCNT_BIT10 _TCNT.Bits.BIT10 #define TCNT_BIT11 _TCNT.Bits.BIT11 #define TCNT_BIT12 _TCNT.Bits.BIT12 #define TCNT_BIT13 _TCNT.Bits.BIT13 #define TCNT_BIT14 _TCNT.Bits.BIT14 #define TCNT_BIT15 _TCNT.Bits.BIT15 #define TCNT_BIT _TCNT.MergedBits.BIT /*** TMOD - TIM Counter Modulo Register ***/ typedef union { word Byte; struct { byte BIT0 :1; /* TIM Counter byte BIT1 :1; /* TIM Counter byte BIT2 :1; /* TIM Counter byte BIT3 :1; /* TIM Counter byte BIT4 :1; /* TIM Counter byte BIT5 :1; /* TIM Counter byte BIT6 :1; /* TIM Counter byte BIT7 :1; /* TIM Counter byte BIT8 :1; /* TIM Counter byte BIT9 :1; /* TIM Counter byte BIT10 :1; /* TIM Counter byte BIT11 :1; /* TIM Counter byte BIT12 :1; /* TIM Counter byte BIT13 :1; /* TIM Counter byte BIT14 :1; /* TIM Counter byte BIT15 :1; /* TIM Counter } Bits; struct { word BIT :16; } MergedBits; } TMODSTR; extern volatile TMODSTR _TMOD @0x00000023; #define TMOD _TMOD.Byte #define TMOD_BIT0 _TMOD.Bits.BIT0 #define TMOD_BIT1 _TMOD.Bits.BIT1 #define TMOD_BIT2 _TMOD.Bits.BIT2 #define TMOD_BIT3 _TMOD.Bits.BIT3 #define TMOD_BIT4 _TMOD.Bits.BIT4 #define TMOD_BIT5 _TMOD.Bits.BIT5 #define TMOD_BIT6 _TMOD.Bits.BIT6 Modulo Modulo Modulo Modulo Modulo Modulo Modulo Modulo Modulo Modulo Modulo Modulo Modulo Modulo Modulo Modulo Bit Bit Bit Bit Bit Bit Bit Bit Bit Bit Bit Bit Bit Bit Bit Bit */ */ */ */ */ */ */ */ */ */ */ */ */ */ */ */ Accelerometer Reference Design Using the MC68HC908QY4 MOTOROLA Source Code For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com DRM054 57 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Source Code Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... #define #define #define #define #define #define #define #define #define #define TMOD_BIT7 _TMOD.Bits.BIT7 TMOD_BIT8 _TMOD.Bits.BIT8 TMOD_BIT9 _TMOD.Bits.BIT9 TMOD_BIT10 _TMOD.Bits.BIT10 TMOD_BIT11 _TMOD.Bits.BIT11 TMOD_BIT12 _TMOD.Bits.BIT12 TMOD_BIT13 _TMOD.Bits.BIT13 TMOD_BIT14 _TMOD.Bits.BIT14 TMOD_BIT15 _TMOD.Bits.BIT15 TMOD_BIT _TMOD.MergedBits.BIT /* -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------Exceptions in bit names of timer status and control registers (TASC, TSC, TBSC) for every channel due to backward compatibility with HC08 AZx versions */ /*#define TSC0_CHxMAX _TSC0.Bits.CH0MAX #define TSC0_TOVx _TSC0.Bits.TOV0 #define TSC0_ELSxA _TSC0.Bits.ELS0A #define TSC0_ELSxB _TSC0.Bits.ELS0B #define TSC0_MSxA _TSC0.Bits.MS0A #define TSC0_MSxB _TSC0.Bits.MS0B #define TSC0_CHxIE _TSC0.Bits.CH0IE #define TSC0_CHxF _TSC0.Bits.CH0F #define #define #define #define #define #define #define #endif TSC1_CHxMAX _TSC1.Bits.CH1MAX TSC1_TOVx _TSC1.Bits.TOV1 TSC1_ELSxA _TSC1.Bits.ELS1A TSC1_ELSxB _TSC1.Bits.ELS1B TSC1_MSxA _TSC1.Bits.MS1A TSC1_CHxIE _TSC1.Bits.CH1IE TSC1_CHxF _TSC1.Bits.CH1F*/ /* ** ################################################################### ** ** This file was created by UNIS Processor Expert 02.90 for ** the Motorola HC08 series of microcontrollers. ** ** ################################################################### */ DRM054 58 Accelerometer Reference Design Using the MC68HC908QY4 Source Code For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MOTOROLA Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Source Code Include Files 6.2.2 NITRON_MASKS.H /* PortA Register */ Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... enum PTA0 PTA1 PTA2 PTA3 PTA4 PTA5 AWUL }; PTA_MASKS{ = 0x01, = 0x02, = 0x04, = 0x08, = 0x10, = 0x20, = 0x40 /* PortB Register */ enum PTB_MASKS { PTB0 = 0x01, PTB1 = 0x02, PTB2 = 0x04, PTB3 = 0x08, PTB4 = 0x10, PTB5 = 0x20, PTB6 = 0x40, PTB7 = 0x80 }; /* Data Direction Register PortA */ enum DDRA_MASKS { DDRA0 = 0x01, DDRA1 = 0x02, DDRA2 = 0x04, DDRA3 = 0x08, DDRA4 = 0x10, DDRA5 = 0x20 }; /* Data Direction Register PortB */ enum DDRB_MASKS{ DDRB0 = 0x01, DDRB1 = 0x02, DDRB2 = 0x04, DDRB3 = 0x08, DDRB4 = 0x10, DDRB5 = 0x20, DDRB6 = 0x40, DDRB7 = 0x80 }; /* Keyboard Status and Control Register */ enum KBSCR_MASKS{ MODEK = 0x01, IMASKK = 0x02, ACKK = 0x04, KEYF = 0x08 }; Accelerometer Reference Design Using the MC68HC908QY4 MOTOROLA Source Code For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com DRM054 59 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Source Code Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... /* Keyboard Interrupt Enable Register */ enum KBIER_MASKS{ KBIE0_ = 0x01, KBIE1_ = 0x02, KBIE2_ = 0x04, KBIE3_ = 0x08, KBIE4_ = 0x10, KBIE5_ = 0x20, AWUIE_ = 0x40 }; /* Configuration Register 2 */ enum CONFIG2_MASKS{ RSTEN = 0x01, OSCOPT0 = 0x08, OSCOPT1 = 0x10, IRQEN = 0x40, IRQPUD = 0x80 }; /* Configuration Register 1 */ enum CONFIG1_MASKS { COPD = 0x01, STOP = 0x02, SSREC = 0x04, LVI5OR3 = 0x08, LVIPWRD = 0x10, LVIRSTD = 0x20, LVISTOP = 0x40, COPRS = 0x80 }; /* TIM Status and Control Register */ enum TSC_MASKS { PS0 = 0x01, PS1 = 0x02, PS2 = 0x04, TRST = 0x10, TSTOP = 0x20, TOIE = 0x40, TOF = 0x80 }; // Timer Prescaler Selection (PS2:PS1:PS0) enum TIMPrescaler { Prescaler_by_1 = 0x00, Prescaler_by_2 = 0x01, Prescaler_by_4 = 0x02, Prescaler_by_8 = 0x03, Prescaler_by_16 = 0x04, Prescaler_by_32 = 0x05, Prescaler_by_64 = 0x06 }; DRM054 60 Accelerometer Reference Design Using the MC68HC908QY4 Source Code For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MOTOROLA Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Source Code Include Files Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... /* ADC Status and Control Register */ enum ADSCR_MASKS{ CH0 = 0x00, CH1 = 0x01, CH2 = 0x02, CH3 = 0x03, ADCO = 0x20, AIEN = 0x40, COCO = 0x80 }; /* ADC Input Clock Register */ enum ADICLK_MASKS { ADIV0 = 0x20, ADIV1 = 0x40, ADIV2 = 0x80 }; // ADC Clock Prescaler Bits (ADV2:ADIV1:ADIV0) enum ADCPrescaler { ADCPrescaler_by_1 = 0x00, ADCPrescaler_by_2 = 0x20, ADCPrescaler_by_4 = 0x40, ADCPrescaler_by_8 = 0x60, ADCPrescaler_by_16 = 0x80 }; Accelerometer Reference Design Using the MC68HC908QY4 MOTOROLA Source Code For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com DRM054 61 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Source Code Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... 6.2.3 TYPES.H /****************************************************************************** * Copyright (c) 2003, Motorola Inc. * Motorola Confidential Proprietary * * --------------------------------------------------------------------------- * * File name : types.h * * Project name: Low-Cost Accelerometer Evaluation Board * * --------------------------------------------------------------------------- * * * * Description : In this file, types definitions, defines and macros are * * implemented. * ******************************************************************************/ /* New Data type definitions */ typedef unsigned short int UINT16; typedef signed short int SINT16; typedef unsigned char UINT8; typedef signed char INT8; // // // // * 16 bit unsigned integer (0, 65535) 16 bit signed integer (-32768, 32767) 8 bit unsigned byte (0, 255) 8 bit signed byte (-128, 127) /* Accelerometer-Adc correspondance */ #define MMA1220 CH2 #define MMA1260 CH3 /* Lcd Commands */ #define CURSOR_HOME #define CURSOR_2ND_LINE #define CLEAR_LCD 0x02 0xC0 0x01 /* Status definition */ #define OK #define FAIL TRUE FALSE /* Min and Max values according to Accelerometers Electric Specs*/ #define MMA1220_MIN_DELTA 51 #define MMA1220_MAX_DELTA 77 #define MMA1260_MIN_DELTA 15 #define MMA1260_MAX_DELTA 46 /* Constants for the data conversion to Gs */ #define MMA1220_CONST 128 #define MMA1260_CONST 61 // General Boolean defines #define TRUE 1 #define FALSE 0 // Macro definitions #define EnableInterrupts() #define Forever() {__asm CLI;} while(1) /****************************************************************************** * End types.h * ******************************************************************************/ DRM054 62 Accelerometer Reference Design Using the MC68HC908QY4 Source Code For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MOTOROLA Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Source Code Include Files Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... 6.2.4 LCDDRV.H /****************************************************************************** * Copyright (c) 2003, Motorola Inc. * * Motorola Confidential Proprietary * * --------------------------------------------------------------------------- * * File name : LcdDrv.h * * Project name: Low-Cost Accelerometer Evaluation Board * * --------------------------------------------------------------------------- * * * * Description : In this file, the LcdDrv prototype functions are * * implemented. * ******************************************************************************/ /* Function Prototypes */ void Wait1ms(void); void Toggle(void); void WaitNms(UINT8 n); void InitLcd(void); void LcdCommand(UINT8 u8Command); void DisplayString(UINT8 *str); /****************************************************************************** * End LcdDrv.h * ******************************************************************************/ Accelerometer Reference Design Using the MC68HC908QY4 MOTOROLA Source Code For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com DRM054 63 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Source Code Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... 6.2.5 ADC.H /****************************************************************************** * Copyright (c) 2003, Motorola Inc. * * Motorola Confidential Proprietary * * --------------------------------------------------------------------------- * * File name : Adc.h * * Project name: Low-Cost Accelerometer Evaluation Board * * --------------------------------------------------------------------------- * * * * Description : In this file, the Adc prototype functions are * * implemented. Also the global variables are declared. * ******************************************************************************/ /* Global Variables */ extern UINT8 near gu8TopAccValue; extern bool near gbResetTop; extern bool near gbOveraccState; extern UINT8 near gau8LcdFirstLine[]; extern UINT8 near gu8AccSelect; extern UINT8 near gu8Wait5msCount; /* Function Prototypes */ void InitAdc(void); UINT8 AdcGetValue(UINT8 u8AccChannel); /****************************************************************************** * End Adc.h * ******************************************************************************/ DRM054 64 Accelerometer Reference Design Using the MC68HC908QY4 Source Code For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MOTOROLA Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Source Code Include Files Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... 6.2.6 TIMER.H /****************************************************************************** * Copyright (c) 2003, Motorola Inc. * Motorola Confidential Proprietary * * --------------------------------------------------------------------------- * * File name : Timer.h * * Project name: Low-Cost Accelerometer Evaluation Board * * --------------------------------------------------------------------------- * * * * Description : In this file, the Timer prototype functions are * * implemented. Also the global variables are declared. * ******************************************************************************/ * /* Global Variables */ extern UINT8 near gu8TopAccValue; extern UINT8 near gau8LcdFirstLine[]; extern UINT8 near gu8AccSelect; extern UINT8 near gu8Wait5msCount; extern bool near gbResetTop; extern bool near gbOveraccState; /* Function Prototypes */ void InitTimer(void); /****************************************************************************** * End Timer.h * ******************************************************************************/ Accelerometer Reference Design Using the MC68HC908QY4 MOTOROLA Source Code For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com DRM054 65 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Source Code Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... 6.2.7 KBI.H /****************************************************************************** * Copyright (c) 2003, Motorola Inc. * Motorola Confidential Proprietary * * --------------------------------------------------------------------------- * * File name : Kbi.h * * Project name: Low-Cost Accelerometer Evaluation Board * * --------------------------------------------------------------------------- * * * * Description : In this file, the Kbi prototype functions are * * implemented. Also the global variables are declared. * ******************************************************************************/ /* Global Variables */ extern UINT8 near gu8TopAccValue; extern bool near gbResetTop; extern bool near gbOveraccState; extern UINT8 near gau8LcdFirstLine[]; extern UINT8 near gu8AccSelect; extern UINT8 near gu8Wait5msCount; * /* Function Prototypes */ void InitKbi(void); /****************************************************************************** * End Kbi.h * ******************************************************************************/ DRM054 66 Accelerometer Reference Design Using the MC68HC908QY4 Source Code For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MOTOROLA Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Source Code Include Files Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... 6.2.8 ACCELEROMETER.H /****************************************************************************** * Copyright (c) 2003, Motorola Inc. * * Motorola Confidential Proprietary * * --------------------------------------------------------------------------- * * File name : Accelerometer.h * * Project name: Low-Cost Accelerometer Evaluation Board * * --------------------------------------------------------------------------- * * * * Description : In this file, the Acceleromoter prototype functions are * * implemented. Also the global variables are declared. * ******************************************************************************/ /* Global Variables */ extern UINT8 near gu8TopAccValue; extern bool near gbResetTop; extern bool near gbOveraccState; extern UINT8 near gau8LcdFirstLine[]; extern UINT8 near gu8AccSelect; extern UINT8 near gu8Wait5msCount; /* Function Prototypes */ UINT8 AccDataConvGs(UINT8); void AccTest(UINT8); bool AccDataFormat(UINT8); /****************************************************************************** * End Accelerometer.h * ******************************************************************************/ Accelerometer Reference Design Using the MC68HC908QY4 MOTOROLA Source Code For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com DRM054 67 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Source Code 6.3 Source Files Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... 6.3.1 MC68HC908QY4.C /* ** ################################################################### ** ** THIS BEAN MODULE IS GENERATED BY THE TOOL. DO NOT MODIFY IT. ** ** Filename : M68HC908QT4.C ** ** Version : Driver 01.02 ** ** Compiler : Metrowerks HC08 C Compiler V-5.0.13 ** ** Date/Time : 05.08.2002, 05:32 ** ** Abstract : ** ** This implements an IO devices mapping. ** ** Settings : ** ** ** ** Contents : ** ** No public methods ** ** ** (c) Copyright UNIS, spol. s r.o. 1997-2002 ** ** UNIS, spol. s r.o. ** Jundrovska 33 ** 624 00 Brno ** Czech Republic ** ** http : www.processorexpert.com ** mail : [email protected] ** ** ################################################################### */ /* Based on CPU DB MC68HC908QY4, version 2.87.081 */ #include "MC68HC908QY4.h" volatile volatile volatile volatile volatile DRM054 68 ADICLKSTR _ADICLK; ADRSTR _ADR; ADSCRSTR _ADSCR; CONFIG1STR _CONFIG1; CONFIG2STR _CONFIG2; /* /* /* /* /* ADC Input Clock Register */ ADC Data Register */ ADC Status and Control Register */ Configuration Register 1 */ Configuration Register 2 */ Accelerometer Reference Design Using the MC68HC908QY4 Source Code For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MOTOROLA Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... Source Code Source Files volatile DDRASTR _DDRA; /* Data Direction Register A */ volatile DDRBSTR _DDRB; /* Data Direction Register B */ volatile KBIERSTR _KBIER; /* Keyboard Interrrupt Enable Register KBIER */ volatile KBSCRSTR _KBSCR; /* Keyboard Status and Control Register */ volatile PTASTR _PTA; /* Port A Data Register */ volatile PTBSTR _PTB; /* Port B Data Register */ volatile TMODHSTR _TMODH; /* TIM Counter Modulo Register High */ volatile TMODLSTR _TMODL; /* TIM Counter Modulo Register Low */ volatile TSCSTR _TSC; /* TIM Status and Control Register TSC */ volatile TCNTSTR _TCNT; /* TIM Counter Register */ volatile TMODSTR _TMOD; /* TIM Counter Modulo Register */ /* ** ################################################################### ** ** This file was created by UNIS Processor Expert 02.90 for ** the Motorola HC08 series of microcontrollers. ** ** ################################################################### */ Accelerometer Reference Design Using the MC68HC908QY4 MOTOROLA Source Code For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com DRM054 69 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Source Code Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... 6.3.2 VECTORS.C /****************************************************************************** * Copyright (c) 2003, Motorola Inc. * * Motorola Confidential Proprietary * * --------------------------------------------------------------------------- * * File name : vectors.c * * Project name: Low-Cost Accelerometer Evaluation Board * * --------------------------------------------------------------------------- * * * * Description : In this file is located the Pseudo-Vector table. This * * is used for the user mode monitor only. * * * * This table is valid if the user-mode monitor has been programmed into * * the DEMO board supplied by Motorola. For normal modes of the device * * a different table is used and can be seen in the standard QT/QY demo * * applications. * * * * This table allows the user to control three major aspects of the QY4: * * * * (1) The default value of the CONFIG1 register * * (2) The locations of all the interrupt routines. * * (2) The location of the routine to run upon reset. * ******************************************************************************/ void void void void void void void _ADC_Interrupt(void); _KBD_Interrupt(void); _TOF_Interrupt(void); _TCH1_Interrupt(void); _TCH0_Interrupt(void); _IRQ_Interrupt(void); _Startup(void); #define CONFIG1_VAL 0x3D /* user value for CONFIG1 */ #define CONFIG1_ADR #define JMP_TAB_ADR #define JMP_Code 0xFDEA 0xFDEB 0xCC /* address of user value for CONFIG1 */ /* address of jump table */ /* opcode of JMP instruction */ DRM054 70 Accelerometer Reference Design Using the MC68HC908QY4 Source Code For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MOTOROLA Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Source Code Source Files typedef void (*tIntFunc)(void); typedef struct jumpEntry { unsigned char jmpIstr; tIntFunc intFunc; } JumpEntry; Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... const unsigned char CONFIG1 @CONFIG1_ADR = CONFIG1_VAL; /* table of JMP instructions to interrupt routines */ const JumpEntry IntJmpTable[] @JMP_TAB_ADR = { JMP_Code, _ADC_Interrupt, JMP_Code, _KBD_Interrupt, JMP_Code, _TOF_Interrupt, JMP_Code, _TCH1_Interrupt, JMP_Code, _TCH0_Interrupt, JMP_Code, _IRQ_Interrupt, JMP_Code, _Startup }; Accelerometer Reference Design Using the MC68HC908QY4 MOTOROLA Source Code For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com DRM054 71 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Source Code Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... 6.3.3 MAIN.C /****************************************************************************** * Copyright (c) 2003, Motorola Inc. * Motorola Confidential Proprietary * * --------------------------------------------------------------------------- * * File name : main.c * * Project name: Low-Cost Accelerometer Evaluation Board * * --------------------------------------------------------------------------- * * * * Description : In this file, the MCU configuration, HW and data * * initialization and an endless loop is implemented. * ******************************************************************************/ #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include * <startup.h> "types.h" "MC68HC908QY4.h" "Nitron_Masks.h" "LcdDrv.h" "Adc.h" "Timer.h" "Kbi.h" "Accelerometer.h" /* GLOBAL VARIABLES DEFINITION */ UINT8 near gu8TopAccValue = 0; UINT8 near gau8LcdFirstLine[] = "MMA1220: UINT8 near gu8AccSelect; UINT8 near gu8Wait5msCount; bool near gbResetTop = TRUE; bool near gbOveraccState = FALSE; . G "; /****************************************************************************** * void InitHardware(void) * * Subroutine to initialize CONFIG registers, LCD, PTA, and * * Accelerometers' Status Latch. * * * * Parameters: None. * * * * Return: None. * ******************************************************************************/ void InitHardware(void) { /* Configuration register setup LVI disabled, COP disabled */ CONFIG1 = LVIRSTD|LVIPWRD|COPD; /* Initial set-up of LCD */ InitLcd(); /* Port A initialization PTA1 as output for Self Test pin */ PTA = 0x00; DDRA_DDRA1 = 1; /* Self-Test pin toggle to reset Status latch on the Accelerometers */ DRM054 72 Accelerometer Reference Design Using the MC68HC908QY4 Source Code For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MOTOROLA Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Source Code Source Files PTA_PTA1 = 0; WaitNms(50); PTA_PTA1 = 1; WaitNms(50); PTA_PTA1 = 0; Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... } return; /****************************************************************************** * void main(void) * * This function configures the MCU and its peripherals, tests * * the Accelerometers' Status. It also includes the main endless * * loop that is constantly refreshing the LCD with the newest * * top Accelerometer value. * * * * Parameters: None. * * * * Return: None. * ******************************************************************************/ void main(void) { UINT8 au8Lcd2ndLine[]="MAX: UINT8 u8NewAdcValue; bool bNewTopValue; . G --- "; /* Read data from MMA1220 initially */ gu8AccSelect = MMA1220; InitHardware(); InitAdc(); InitTimer(); InitKbi(); EnableInterrupts(); /* Display Welcome message on LCD */ LcdCommand(CLEAR_LCD); LcdCommand(CURSOR_HOME); DisplayString(" ACCELEROMETER "); LcdCommand(CURSOR_2ND_LINE); DisplayString("EVALUATION BOARD"); /* Wait for 0.75 seconds */ WaitNms(250); WaitNms(250); WaitNms(250); /* Hardware test on the Accelerometers AccTest(MMA1220); WaitNms(250); */ AccTest(MMA1260); WaitNms(250); Forever(){ /* Endless main loop */ /* Get new value from the Accelerometer selected. The data is Accelerometer Reference Design Using the MC68HC908QY4 MOTOROLA Source Code For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com DRM054 73 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Source Code formatted to Gs. The flag bNewTopValue indicates if there is a new top value. */ u8NewAdcValue = AdcGetValue(gu8AccSelect); bNewTopValue = AccDataFormat(u8NewAdcValue); /* LCD first line is constantly refreshed with the newest ADC value */ LcdCommand(CURSOR_HOME); DisplayString(gau8LcdFirstLine); /* Check if there is a new top value. */ Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... if(bNewTopValue){ /* Copy the data already formatted from the first LCD line to the second line. */ au8Lcd2ndLine[5] = gau8LcdFirstLine[9]; au8Lcd2ndLine[6] = gau8LcdFirstLine[10]; au8Lcd2ndLine[8] = gau8LcdFirstLine[12]; /* Display "!!!" warning in case the new reading is outside spec range. */ if(gbOveraccState){ au8Lcd2ndLine[12] au8Lcd2ndLine[13] au8Lcd2ndLine[14] } else{ au8Lcd2ndLine[12] au8Lcd2ndLine[13] au8Lcd2ndLine[14] } = '!'; = '!'; = '!'; = '-'; = '-'; = '-'; /* Refresh LCD second line with new value */ LcdCommand(CURSOR_2ND_LINE); DisplayString(au8Lcd2ndLine); } } /* Forever loop end */ } return; #pragma TRAP_PROC void _IRQ_Interrupt(void) { // Implementation of the IRQ interrupt routine return; } /****************************************************************************** * End main.c * ******************************************************************************/ DRM054 74 Accelerometer Reference Design Using the MC68HC908QY4 Source Code For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MOTOROLA Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Source Code Source Files Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... 6.3.4 LCDDRV.C /****************************************************************************** * Copyright (c) 2003, Motorola Inc. * Motorola Confidential Proprietary * * --------------------------------------------------------------------------- * * File name : LcdDrv.c * * Project name: Low-Cost Accelerometer Evaluation Board * * --------------------------------------------------------------------------- * * * * Description : The LCD control and delay subroutines are implemented in * * this file. * ******************************************************************************/ #ifndef #define #include #include #include #include #endif * _ACCELEROMETER_H _ACCELEROMETER_H "types.h" "MC68HC908QY4.h" "Nitron_Masks.h" "LcdDrv.h" #define BUSFREQ 0x06 #pragma DATA_SEG SHORT _DATA_ZEROPAGE UINT8 Counter; /****************************************************************************** * void Wait1ms(void) * * This function waits for 1 ms. * * Parameters: None. * * * * Return: None. * ******************************************************************************/ void Wait1ms(void) { asm { PSHA LDA #BUSFREQ DLLoop: DBNZA DLSub BRA DLDone DLSub: MOV #0xFF,Counter here1: DBNZ Counter,here1 BRA DLLoop DLDone: PULA } } return; Accelerometer Reference Design Using the MC68HC908QY4 MOTOROLA Source Code For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com DRM054 75 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Source Code /****************************************************************************** * void WaitNms(UINT8 n) * * This delay function waits for the amout of milisenconds * * specified by the parameter n. * * * * Parameters: n is an 8 bit unsigned value that specifies the amout of ms * * that the delay function is going to wait. * * * * Return: None. * ******************************************************************************/ void WaitNms(UINT8 n) { Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... UINT8 i; for(i=1;i<=n;i++) Wait1ms(); } return; /****************************************************************************** * void Toggle(void) * * This function toggles the E line on the LCD. The E line is * * connected to PTB2. * * * * Parameters: None * * * * Return: None. * ******************************************************************************/ void Toggle(void) { PTB |= PTB2; PTB &= ~(PTB2); } return; /****************************************************************************** * void LcdCommand8(UINT8 u8Command) * * Subroutine for sending control bytes to the LCD. This routine* * is used with the LCD in 8-bit mode. It is used to set the * * LCD to 4-bit mode. * * * * Parameters: u8Command is an 8 bit value for control commands. * * * * Return: None. * ******************************************************************************/ void LcdCommand8(UINT8 u8Command) { PTB = u8Command|(PTB & 0x0F); Toggle(); Wait1ms(); } return; DRM054 76 Accelerometer Reference Design Using the MC68HC908QY4 Source Code For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MOTOROLA Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Source Code Source Files Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... /****************************************************************************** * void LcdCommand(UINT8 u8Command) * * Subroutine for sending control bytes to the LCD. This routine * * sends the 8 bit value in two parts, since the LCD is operating* * in 4-bit mode. * * * * Parameters: u8Command is an 8 bit value for different control commands. * * * * Return: None. * ******************************************************************************/ void LcdCommand(UINT8 u8Command) { } PTB = u8Command & 0xF0; Toggle(); // MS Nibble PTB = (u8Command & 0x0F)<<4; Toggle(); Wait1ms(); // LS Nibble return; /****************************************************************************** * void InitLcd(void) * * Subroutine to initialize the LCD to 4-bit mode and general * * settings. * * * * Parameters: None * * * * Return: None. * ******************************************************************************/ void InitLcd(void) { /* PTB7:2 = 0, PTB1:0 not part of LCD port, RS, E = 0 */ PTB = 0x00; DDRB = 0xFC; /* Wait for Vdd to reach 4.5V */ WaitNms(15); /* 8-bit format used */ LcdCommand8(0x30); WaitNms(4); LcdCommand8(0x30); LcdCommand8(0x30); LcdCommand8(0x20); /* From here, 4-bit format used */ LcdCommand(0x28); // 4-bit, 2 lines and font set. LcdCommand(0x0C); // Display on, cursor off, blinker off Accelerometer Reference Design Using the MC68HC908QY4 MOTOROLA Source Code For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com DRM054 77 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Source Code Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... } LcdCommand(0x06); // Cursor movement incremental, no shift LcdCommand(0x01); // Cursor to home, LCD cleared return; /****************************************************************************** * void DisplayString(UINT8 *str) * * A function that displays a string in the LCD at the current * * cursor position. The subroutine sends the characters in the * * string until the NULL character is found. * * in 4-bit mode. * * * * Parameters: *str is the Pointer to the string to be displayed in the LCD* * * * Return: None. * ******************************************************************************/ void DisplayString(UINT8 *str) { while ((*str) != '\0'){ PTB = ((*str) & 0xF0)|(PTB & 0x0F); PTB |= 0x08; Toggle(); // Set RS Line PTB = (((*str)<<4) & 0xF0)|(PTB & 0x0F); PTB |= 0x08; Toggle(); } // Set RS Line Wait1ms(); str++; return; } /****************************************************************************** * End LcdDrv.c * ******************************************************************************/ DRM054 78 Accelerometer Reference Design Using the MC68HC908QY4 Source Code For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MOTOROLA Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Source Code Source Files Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... 6.3.5 ADC.C /****************************************************************************** * Copyright (c) 2003, Motorola Inc. * Motorola Confidential Proprietary * * --------------------------------------------------------------------------- * * File name : Adc.c * * Project name: Low-Cost Accelerometer Evaluation Board * * --------------------------------------------------------------------------- * * * * Description : Adc configuration and control routines are included * * in this file. * * * ******************************************************************************/ #ifndef #define #include #include #include #include #endif * _ADC_H _ADC_H "types.h" "MC68HC908QY4.h" "Nitron_Masks.h" "Adc.h" /****************************************************************************** * void InitAdc(void) * * ADC setup, configures the ADC prescaler, single conversion, * * selects channel. The ADC will read the input from on board * * accelerometers. Channel 2 for MMA1220 accelerometer, channel* * 3 for MMA1260. * * * * Parameters: None. * * * * Return: None. * ******************************************************************************/ void InitAdc(void) { ADICLK = ADCPrescaler_by_2; // Configure the ADCLK Register // ADC input Clock/2 = 3.2 MHz/2 ADSCR = CH2; return; // Configure the ADSCR Register // Select AD2 Channel (MMA1220) // One ADC Conversion } Accelerometer Reference Design Using the MC68HC908QY4 MOTOROLA Source Code For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com DRM054 79 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... Source Code /****************************************************************************** * UINT8 AdcGetValue(UINT8 u8AccChannel) * * This function generates a single conversion and waits until * * it is completed. The result is returned as an 8 bit variable. * * This loop is ended in case the Adc takes more than 10 attempts* * to obtain the converted value. * * * * Parameters: u8AccChannel is an 8-bit variable that indicates the channel * * to be measured Channel 2 for MMA1220 accelerometer, channel 3 * * for MMA1260 accelerometer. * * * * Return: The new 8-bit Adc value obtained. * ******************************************************************************/ UINT8 AdcGetValue(UINT8 u8AccChannel){ UINT8 u8AttemptCount = 10; UINT8 u8AdcValue; // Limit amount of attempts. ADSCR = u8AccChannel; // Set Channel and generates new conversion while(!(ADSCR & COCO) && (u8AttemptCount>0)) //wait for conversion complete u8AttemptCount--; u8AdcValue = ADR; } return u8AdcValue; #pragma TRAP_PROC void _ADC_Interrupt(void) { // Implementation of the ADC interrupt routine return; } /****************************************************************************** * End Adc.c * ******************************************************************************/ DRM054 80 Accelerometer Reference Design Using the MC68HC908QY4 Source Code For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MOTOROLA Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Source Code Source Files Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... 6.3.6 TIMER.C /****************************************************************************** * Copyright (c) 2003, Motorola Inc. * * Motorola Confidential Proprietary * * --------------------------------------------------------------------------- * * File name : Timer.c * * Project name: Low-Cost Accelerometer Evaluation Board * * --------------------------------------------------------------------------- * * * * Description : Timer configuration routines and Timer Overflow interrupt * * service routines are included in this file. * ******************************************************************************/ #ifndef #define #include #include #include #include #endif _TIMER_H _TIMER_H "types.h" "MC68HC908QY4.h" "Nitron_Masks.h" "Timer.h" /****************************************************************************** * void InitTimer(void) * * This function Turns on Timer Channel 1 such that it counts * * between 0 and $FF. * * An overflow interrupt occurs every 256 * 64 = 16384 bus cycles* * (5.12ms @3.2MHZ bus). * * * * Parameters: None. * * * * Return: None. * ******************************************************************************/ void InitTimer(void) { TSC = (TOIE | TRST | TSTOP | Prescaler_by_64); // Enable overflow interrupt // Timer 1 - Reset and Stopped. // Clicks once every 64 Bus Cycles TMODH = 0x00; TMODL = 0xFF; // Timer counts from 0-$FF // Overflows every 16384 Bus Cycles TSC_TSTOP = 0; // Start the timer return; } /****************************************************************************** * void _TOF_Interrupt(void) * * This is the Timer Overflow interrupt service routine. The * * timer rolls over every 256T counts of the timer (TMOD=$FF), * Accelerometer Reference Design Using the MC68HC908QY4 MOTOROLA Source Code For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com DRM054 81 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Source Code * which correspond to 256 * 64 = 16384 bus cycles * * (5.12ms @3.2MHZ bus). * * This overflow routine period is used as a time-base for the * * debounce of the push-buttons on the board. * * * * Parameters: None. * * * * Return: None. * ******************************************************************************/ #pragma TRAP_PROC void _TOF_Interrupt(void) { Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... UINT8 kbiportdata; rupt TSC; // Procedure to Acknowledge Inter- TSC_TOF = 0; // Read TSC and Clear Overflow flag // Button Debounce if(KBSCR_IMASKK == 1){ // Keboard interrupts masked? if (--gu8Wait5msCount == 0 ){ // 51.2ms elapsed? kbiportdata = (PTA & (KBIE2_|KBIE3_)); if(~kbiportdata == ~KBIE2_){ // If S2 is pressed switch Acc Read if(gu8AccSelect == MMA1220) gu8AccSelect = MMA1260; else gu8AccSelect = MMA1220; gbResetTop = TRUE; } else if(~kbiportdata == ~KBIE3_){ gu8TopAccValue = 0; // If S1 is pressed reset TopValue } KBSCR_ACKK = 1; KBSCR_IMASKK = 0; // Acknowledge any pending interrupts // Re-enables Keyboard Interrupts } } } return; #pragma TRAP_PROC void _TCH1_Interrupt(void) { // Implementation of the TCH1 interrupt routine return; } #pragma TRAP_PROC void _TCH0_Interrupt(void) { // Implementation of the TCH0 interrupt routine return; } /****************************************************************************** * End Timer.c * ******************************************************************************/ DRM054 82 Accelerometer Reference Design Using the MC68HC908QY4 Source Code For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MOTOROLA Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Source Code Source Files Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... 6.3.7 KBI.C /****************************************************************************** * Copyright (c) 2003, Motorola Inc. * * Motorola Confidential Proprietary * * --------------------------------------------------------------------------- * * File name : Kbi.c * * Project name: Low-Cost Accelerometer Evaluation Board * * --------------------------------------------------------------------------- * * * * Description : Kbi configuration and interrupt service routine are * * included in this file. * * * ******************************************************************************/ #ifndef #define #include #include #include #include #endif _KBI_H _KBI_H "types.h" "MC68HC908QY4.h" "Nitron_Masks.h" "Kbi.h" /****************************************************************************** * void InitKbi(void) * * This function Configures the KBI Module to accept interrupts * * on PTA2 and PT3 that are connected to S1 and S2 pushbuttons of * * the board. * * * * Parameters: None. * * * * Return: None. * ******************************************************************************/ void InitKbi(void) { // The following procedure is to prevent False Interrupts at initialization KBSCR_IMASKK = 1; KBIER = KBIE2_|KBIE3_; KBSCR_ACKK = 1; KBSCR_IMASKK = 0; // // // // Mask Keyboard interrupts Enables pin 2 and 3 of KBI Clear any false interrupts Unmask Keyboard interrupts // END Avoidance of False Interrupts KBSCR = 0; } return; // Configures KBI Status & Control Register // IMASKK=0: Clears KBI Mask Bit (Enable Ints) // MODEK=0: Interrupt requests on Falling Edge Only Accelerometer Reference Design Using the MC68HC908QY4 MOTOROLA Source Code For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com DRM054 83 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Source Code Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... /****************************************************************************** * void _KBD_Interrupt(void) * * This is the Keyboard interrupt service routine. This routine* * sets the debounce time to 51.2 ms and masks the keyboard * * interrupts. * * * * Parameters: None. * * * * Return: None. * ******************************************************************************/ #pragma TRAP_PROC void _KBD_Interrupt(void) { gu8Wait5msCount = 10; KBSCR |= (ACKK | IMASKK); 5.12ms) return; } // Initializes gu8Wait5msCount for debouncing // Acknowledge KB Interrupts // Mask KB interrupts during 51.2ms (10 * /****************************************************************************** * End Kbi.c * ******************************************************************************/ DRM054 84 Accelerometer Reference Design Using the MC68HC908QY4 Source Code For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MOTOROLA Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Source Code Source Files Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... 6.3.8 ACCELEROMETER.C /****************************************************************************** * Copyright (c) 2003, Motorola Inc. * Motorola Confidential Proprietary * * --------------------------------------------------------------------------- * * File name : Accelerometer.c * * Project name: Low-Cost Accelerometer Evaluation Board * * --------------------------------------------------------------------------- * * * * Description : In this file the Accelerometers' test function is * * implemented along the subroutines to format the data * * acquired from the accelerometers to be displayed in * * the LCD. * ******************************************************************************/ #ifndef _ACCELEROMETER_H #define _ACCELEROMETER_H #include "types.h" #include "MC68HC908QY4.h" #include "Nitron_Masks.h" #include "Accelerometer.h" #include "LcdDrv.h" #include "Adc.h" #endif * /****************************************************************************** * UINT8 AccDataConvGs(UINT8 u8RawValue) * * Subroutine convert the data acquired from the Accelerometers* * to G units. This depends on the Accelerometer actually * * selected. * * * * Parameters: u8RawValue is an 8-bit value that contains the data to be * * converted to Gs. * * * * Return: 8-bit value containing the data formatted to Gs. * ******************************************************************************/ UINT8 AccDataConvGs(UINT8 u8RawValue) { UINT16 u16FormattedValue; if(gu8AccSelect == MMA1220) { u16FormattedValue = u8RawValue*100; MMA1220 u16FormattedValue /= MMA1220_CONST; } else if(gu8AccSelect == MMA1260){ u16FormattedValue = u8RawValue*10; u16FormattedValue /= MMA1260_CONST; } return((UINT8)u16FormattedValue); } //conversion to Gs for //conversion to Gs for MMA1260 /****************************************************************************** Accelerometer Reference Design Using the MC68HC908QY4 MOTOROLA Source Code For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com DRM054 85 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... Source Code * void AccTest(UINT8 u8AccUnderTest) * * Subroutine to test the Accelerometers status. The routine sets * * the Self-test pin to high to test the Accelerometer function * * to be within specs. This is tried a maximum amount of 5 times. * * The subroutine reflects the output to the LCD. * * * * Parameters: u8AccUnderTest is an 8-bit value that specifies the * * Accelerometer to be tested. * * * * Return: None * ******************************************************************************/ void AccTest(UINT8 u8AccUnderTest){ bool bTestStatus = FAIL; UINT8 u8SelfTestCount = 0; UINT8 u8Value1 = 0; UINT8 u8Value2 = 0; LcdCommand(CLEAR_LCD); LcdCommand(CURSOR_HOME); DisplayString("Testing "); // Display acc under test if(u8AccUnderTest == MMA1220){ DisplayString("MMA1220 "); } else if(u8AccUnderTest == MMA1260){ DisplayString("MMA1260 "); } do { PTA_PTA1 = 0; Self-test pin low WaitNms(25); // u8Value1 = AdcGetValue(u8AccUnderTest); Test // Generate new ADC conversion // Acc output without Self PTA_PTA1 = 1; WaitNms(25); // Self-test pin high u8Value2 = AdcGetValue(u8AccUnderTest); // Generate new ADC conversion // Acc output with Self Test if(u8Value2 > u8Value1){ u8Value2 -= u8Value1; // Output change is positive? /* Check if change within accelerometer electrical specs */ if((u8AccUnderTest == MMA1220) && (u8Value2 > MMA1220_MIN_DELTA) && (u8Value2 < MMA1220_MAX_DELTA) ){ bTestStatus = OK; break; DRM054 86 Accelerometer Reference Design Using the MC68HC908QY4 Source Code For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MOTOROLA Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Source Code Source Files } if((u8AccUnderTest == MMA1260) && (u8Value2 > MMA1260_MIN_DELTA) && (u8Value2 < MMA1260_MAX_DELTA) ){ bTestStatus = OK; break; } } u8SelfTestCount++; // Increase the testing counter Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... }while(u8SelfTestCount<5); PTA_PTA1 = 0; // Self test pin low LcdCommand(CURSOR_2ND_LINE); DisplayString("Self-Test "); if (bTestStatus == OK) { DisplayString("OK"); } else { DisplayString("Failed"); } WaitNms(250); WaitNms(250); } // Self test successful // Self-test unsuccessful // after 5 tries // Wait for 0.5 seconds return; /****************************************************************************** * bool AccDataFormat(UINT8 u8AccData) * * This function formats the data acquired from the Adc to the * * the LCD Message Buffer. The data is formatted to G units and * * positioned in the Message Buffer to be displayed in the LCD * * * * Parameters: u8AccData is an 8-bit value with the data acquired from the * * Adc. * * * * Return: bNewTopFlag is a boolean variable that reflects if there is a* * new top value. * ******************************************************************************/ bool AccDataFormat(UINT8 u8AccData){ UINT8 u8BufferPosition; bool bNewTopFlag = FALSE; // Format ± 0.0 G if(u8AccData < 128){ gau8LcdFirstLine[9] = '-'; u8AccData = 128 - u8AccData; // Data is negative // Remove offset Accelerometer Reference Design Using the MC68HC908QY4 MOTOROLA Source Code For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com DRM054 87 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Source Code } else{ gau8LcdFirstLine[9] = ' '; u8AccData = u8AccData - 128; } // Data is positive // Remove offset Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... if((u8AccData > gu8TopAccValue) || (gbResetTop)){ gu8TopAccValue = u8AccData; // Update Top Value bNewTopFlag = TRUE; gbResetTop = FALSE; gbOveraccState = FALSE; } u8AccData = AccDataConvGs(u8AccData); // Data converted to Gs if(gu8AccSelect == MMA1220){ // Change Acc indicator to MMA1220 gau8LcdFirstLine[5] = '2'; if(u8AccData>80) gbOveraccState = TRUE; } if(gu8AccSelect == MMA1260){ // Change Acc indicator to MMA1260 gau8LcdFirstLine[5] = '6'; if(u8AccData>15) gbOveraccState = TRUE; } if(u8AccData<10){ gau8LcdFirstLine[10]='0'; } // Add 0 in case of G<1 u8BufferPosition = 12; // BCD Converson to Message Buffer do{ gau8LcdFirstLine[u8BufferPosition--]= (u8AccData%10) + '0'; u8BufferPosition--; }while((u8AccData /= 10) > 0); } return(bNewTopFlag); // Return Top Value Flag /****************************************************************************** * End Accelerometer.c * ******************************************************************************/ DRM054 88 Accelerometer Reference Design Using the MC68HC908QY4 Source Code For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MOTOROLA Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. HOW TO REACH US: USA/EUROPE/LOCATIONS NOT LISTED: Motorola Literature Distribution P.O. Box 5405 Denver, Colorado 80217 1-800-521-6274 or 480-768-2130 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... JAPAN: Motorola Japan Ltd. SPS, Technical Information Center 3-20-1, Minami-Azabu, Minato-ku Tokyo 106-8573, Japan 81-3-3440-3569 ASIA/PACIFIC: Motorola Semiconductors H.K. Ltd. Silicon Harbour Centre 2 Dai King Street Tai Po Industrial Estate Tai Po, N.T., Hong Kong 852-26668334 HOME PAGE: http://motorola.com/semiconductors Information in this document is provided solely to enable system and software implementers to use Motorola products. There are no express or implied copyright licenses granted hereunder to design or fabricate any integrated circuits or integrated circuits based on the information in this document. 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Motorola products are not designed, intended, or authorized for use as components in systems intended for surgical implant into the body, or other applications intended to support or sustain life, or for any other application in which the failure of the Motorola product could create a situation where personal injury or death may occur. Should Buyer purchase or use Motorola products for any such unintended or unauthorized application, Buyer shall indemnify and hold Motorola and its officers, employees, subsidiaries, affiliates, and distributors harmless against all claims, costs, damages, and expenses, and reasonable attorney fees arising out of, directly or indirectly, any claim of personal injury or death associated with such unintended or unauthorized use, even if such claim alleges that Motorola was negligent regarding the design or manufacture of the part. MOTOROLA and the Stylized M Logo are registered in the US Patent and Trademark Office. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. Motorola, Inc. is an Equal Opportunity/Affirmative Action Employer. © Motorola Inc. 2003 DRM054/D Rev. 0 12/2003 For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com