ONSEMI NCP1403

NCP1403
15 V/50 mA PFM Step−Up
DC−DC Converter
The NCP1403 is a monolithic PFM step-up DC-DC converter.
This device is designed to boost a single Lithium or two cell
AA/AAA battery voltage up to 15 V (with internal MOSFET) output
for handheld applications. A pull-up Chip Enable feature is built
with this device to extend battery-operating life. Besides, the device
can also be incorporated in step-down, and voltage-inverting
configurations. This device is available in space-saving TSOP-5
package.
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TSOP-5
CASE 483
SN SUFFIX
5
Features
1
82% Efficiency at VOUT = 15 V, IOUT = 50 mA, VIN = 5.0 V
78% Efficiency at VOUT = 15 V, IOUT = 30 mA, VIN = 3.6 V
Low Operating Current of 19 A (No Switching)
Low Shutdown Current of 0.3 A
Low Start-up Voltage of 1.3 V Typical at 0 mA
Output Voltage up to 15 V with Built-in 16 V MOSFET Switch
PFM Switching Frequency up to 300 kHz
Chip Enable
Low Profile and Minimum External Parts
Micro Miniature TSOP-5 Package
PIN CONNECTIONS AND
MARKING DIAGRAM
CE
1
FB
2
VDD
3
DCEYW
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
5
LX
4
GND
(Top View)
Typical Applications
•
•
•
•
•
LCD Bias
Personal Digital Assistants (PDA)
Digital Still Camera
Handheld Games
Hand-held Instrument
DCE = Device Marking
Y
= Year
W = Work Week
ORDERING INFORMATION
Device
NCP1403SNT1
 Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2002
December, 2002 - Rev. 4
1
Package
Shipping
TSOP-5
3000/Tape & Reel
Publication Order Number:
NCP1403/D
NCP1403
L
47 H
D
MBR0520LT1
VIN
1.8 V to 5.5 V
VOUT
15 V
CE
1
+
C1
10 F
LX
5
FB
2
C2
33 F
750 pF to
2000 pF CC
NCP1403
VDD
3
Enable
+
GND
4
RFB1
RFB2
R
VOUT 0.8 FB1 1
RFB2
Figure 1. Typical Step-up Application Circuit 1
L
22 H
D
MBR0520LT1
VIN
2.7 V to 5.5 V
CE
1
C1
4.7 F
10 V
FB
2
LX
5
White LED x 4
NCP1403
VDD
3
Enable
C2
2.2 F
16 V
ZD
GND
4
ILED 0.8 V
RS
RS
Figure 2. Typical Step-up Application Circuit 2
LX
VDD
VLx Limit
UVLO
Soft Start
PFM
Comparator
PFM ON/OFF
Timing Control
−
FB
+
Driver
Vref
CE
Figure 3. Representative Block Diagram
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2
GND
NCP1403
PIN FUNCTION DESCRIPTIONS
Pin
Symbol
Description
1
CE
Chip Enable Pin
(1) The chip is enabled if a voltage which is equal to or greater than 0.9 V is applied.
(2) The chip is disabled if a voltage which is less than 0.3 V is applied.
(3) The chip will be enabled if it is left floating.
2
FB
PFM comparator inverting input, and is connected to off-chip resistor divider which sets output voltage.
3
VDD
Power supply pin for internal circuit.
4
GND
Ground pin.
5
LX
External inductor connection pin.
MAXIMUM RATINGS
Rating
Symbol
Value
Unit
Power Supply Voltage (Pin 3)
VDD
-0.3 to 6.0
V
Input/Output Pin
LX (Pin 5)
LX Peak Sink Current
FB (Pin 2)
VLX
ILX
VFB
-0.3 to 16.0
600
-0.3 to 6.0
V
mA
V
CE (Pin 1)
Input Voltage Range
Input Current Range
VCE
ICE
-0.3 to 6.0
150
V
mA
Power Dissipation and Thermal Characteristics
Maximum Power Dissipation @ TA = 25°C
Thermal Resistance Junction-to-Air
PD
RJA
500
250
mW
°C/W
Operating Ambient Temperature Range
TA
-40 to +85
°C
Operating Junction Temperature Range
TJ
-40 to +150
°C
Tstg
-55 to +150
°C
Storage Temperature Range
1. This device series contains ESD protection and exceeds the following tests:
Human Body Model (HBM) 2.0 kV per JEDEC standard: JESD22-A114 for all pins except LX pin.
Human Body Model (HBM) 1.5 kV for LX pin.
Machine Model (MM) 200 V per JEDEC standard: JESD22-A115 for all pins.
2. Latch-up Current Maximum Rating: 150 mA per JEDEC standard: JESD78.
3. Moisture Sensitivity Level (MSL): 1 per IPC/JEDEC standard: J-STD-020A.
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3
NCP1403
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (VOUT = 15 V, TA =25°C, for min/max values unless otherwise noted.)
Symbol
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
Minimum Off Time (VDD = 3.0 V, VFB = 0 V)
toff
0.8
1.3
1.5
s
Maximum On Time (Current not asserted)
ton
4.0
6.0
8.4
s
Maximum Duty Cycle
DMAX
75
83
91
%
Minimum Start-up Voltage (IOUT = 0 mA)
Vstart
-
1.3
1.8
V
DVstart
-
1.6
-
mV/°C
Vhold
-
1.2
1.7
V
tSS
0.5
10
-
ms
Internal Switch Voltage (Note 4)
VLX
0.5
-
16
V
LX Pin On-State Sink Current (VLX = 0.4 V, VDD = 3.0 V)
ILX
100
130
-
mA
VLXLIM
0.55
0.75
1.0
V
ILKG
-
0.1
1.0
A
CE Input Voltage (VDD = 3.0 V, VFB = 0 V)
High State, Device Enabled
Low State, Device Enabled
VCE(high)
VCE(low)
0.9
-
-
0.3
V
V
CE Input Current
High State, Device Enabled (VDD = VCE = 5.5 V)
Low State, Device Enabled (VDD = 5.5 V, VCE = VFB = 0 V)
ICE(high)
ICE(low)
-0.5
-0.5
0
-0.1
0.5
0.5
A
A
Supply Voltage
VDD
1.2
-
5.5
V
Feedback Voltage
VFB
0.76
0.8
0.84
V
Feedback Pin Bias Current (VFB = 0.8 V)
IFB
-
15
30
nA
Operating Current 1 (VFB = 0 V, VDD = VCE = 3.0 V)
IDD1
-
130
200
A
Operating Current 2 (VDD = VCE = VFB = 3.0 V, Not switching)
IDD2
-
19
25
A
Off-state Current (VDD = 5.0 V, VCE = 0 V, internal 100 nA pull-up current source)
IOFF
-
0.3
0.8
A
Characteristic
ON/OFF TIMING CONTROL
Minimum Start-up Voltage Temperature Coefficient (TA = -40 to +85°C)
Minimum Supply Voltage (IOUT = 0 mA)
Soft-Start Time
LX (PIN 5)
Voltage Limit (When VLX reaches VLXLIM, the LX switch is turned off by the LX
switch protection circuit)
Off-State Leakage Current (VLX = 16 V)
CE (PIN 1)
TOTAL DEVICE
4. Recommend maximum VOUT up to 15 V.
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NCP1403
Typical Characteristics
100
L = 47 H
VOUT = 15 V
COUT = 33 F
TA = 25°C
Figure 1
16.5
16.0
15.5
Vin = 5.5 V
80
EFFICIENCY (%)
VOUT, OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)
17.0
VIN = 5.5 V
15.0
14.5
3.6 V
1.8 V 2.4 V
4.0 V
5.0 V
3.0 V
14.0
L = 47 H
VOUT = 15 V
COUT = 33 F
TA = 25°C
Figure 1
40
20
0
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
0
20
30
40
50
60
70
IOUT, OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)
Figure 4. Output Voltage versus Output
Current (VOUT = 15 V)
Figure 5. Efficiency versus Output Current
(VOUT = 15 V)
80
100
L = 47 H
VOUT = 12 V
COUT = 33 F
TA = 25°C
Figure 1
13.0
12.5
VIN = 5.5 V
80
EFFICIENCY (%)
13.5
VIN = 5.5 V
12.0
5.0 V
11.5
4.0 V
3.6 V
11.0
10.5
10
IOUT, OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)
14.0
VOUT, OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)
1.8 V
13.5
13.0
3.0 V
2.4 V
5.0 V
4.0 V
3.6 V
1.8 V
60
L = 47 H
VOUT = 12 V
COUT = 33 F
TA = 25°C
Figure 1
40
3.0 V
2.4 V
1.8 V
20
10.0
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
80
70
IOUT, OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)
IOUT, OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)
Figure 6. Output Voltage versus Output
Current (VOUT = 12 V)
Figure 7. Efficiency versus Output Current
(VOUT = 12 V)
12.4
VOUT, OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)
15.4
VOUT, OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)
2.4 V
60
5.0 V
4.0 V
3.6 V
3.0 V
15.2
IOUT = 5 mA
15.0
IOUT = 0 mA
14.8
L = 47 H
VOUT = 15 V
COUT = 33 F
TA = 25°C
Figure 1
14.6
14.4
12.2
IOUT = 5 mA
12.0
IOUT = 0 mA
L = 47 H
VOUT = 12 V
COUT = 33 F
TA = 25°C
Figure 1
11.8
11.6
11.4
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
5.5
6.0
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
5.5
6.0
Vin, INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
Vin, INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
Figure 8. Output Voltage versus Input Voltage
(VOUT = 15 V)
Figure 9. Output Voltage versus Input Voltage
(VOUT = 12 V)
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NCP1403
Typical Characteristics
600
800
700
600
500
400
300
200
100
0
2
400
300
200
100
TA = 25°C
3
4
5
6
1
2
3
4
5
6
VIN, INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
VIN, INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
Figure 10. No Load Input Current versus
Input Voltage
Figure 11. Current Limit versus Input Voltage
6
VOUT = 15 V
TA = 25°C
5
4
3
2
1
1
2
3
4
5
6
5.0
VOUT = 15 V
L = 47 H
COUT = 33 F
TA = 25°C
Figure 1
4.5
4.0
3.5
VSTART
3.0
VHOLD
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0
2
4
6
8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30
VIN, INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
TA, AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (mA)
Figure 12. Switch-On Resistance versus Input
Voltage
Figure 13. Start-Up/Hold Voltage versus
Output Current
100
DMAX, MAXIMUM DUTY CYCLE (%)
0.84
VFB, FEEDBACK VOLTAGE (V)
500
0
1
RDS(on), SWITCH-ON RESISTANCE ()
ILIM, CURRENT LIMIT (mA)
VOUT = 15 V
L = 47 H
D = MBR0520LT1
CIN = 10 F
COUT = 33 F
IOUT = 0 mA
TA = 25°C
Figure 1
900
VSTART/VHOLD, STARTUP/HOLD VOLTAGE (V)
IIN, NO LOAD INPUT CURRENT (A)
1000
0.82
0.80
0.78
0.76
0.74
-50
-25
0
25
50
75
90
80
70
60
50
-50
100
-25
0
25
50
75
TA, AMBIENT TEMPERATURE(°C)
TA, AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (°C)
Figure 14. Feedback Voltage versus Ambient
Temperature
Figure 15. Maximum Duty Cycle versus
Ambient Temperature
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100
NCP1403
9
toff, MINIMUM SWITCH OFF TIME (s)
ton, MAXIMUM SWITCH ON TIME (s)
Typical Characteristics
8
7
6
5
4
-50
-25
0
25
50
75
100
1
0
-50
-25
0
25
50
75
Figure 17. Minimum Switch Off Time
100
IDD2, OPERATING CURRENT 2 (A)
25
130
110
VDD = VCE = 3.0 V
90
VFB = 0 V
-25
0
25
50
75
23
21
19
VDD = VCE = 3.0 V
VFB = 3.0 V
NOT SWITCHING
17
15
-50
100
-25
0
25
50
75
TA, AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (°C)
TA, AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (°C)
Figure 18. Operating Current 1 versus
Ambient Temperature
Figure 19. Operating Current 2 versus
Ambient Temperature
ICE(high), CE HIGH INPUT CURRENT (nA)
IDD1, OPERATING CURRENT 1 (A)
2
Figure 16. Maximum Switch On Time
1
Ioff, OFF-STATE CURRENT (A)
3
TA, AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (°C)
150
0.8
0.6
0.4
VDD = 5.0 V
0.2
0
-50
4
TA, AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (°C)
170
70
-50
5
VCE = 0 V
-25
0
25
50
75
100
25
15
5
-5
VDD = 5.5 V
-15
-25
-50
VCE = 5.5 V
-25
0
25
50
75
TA, AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (°C)
TA, AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (°C)
Figure 20. Off-State Current versus Ambient
Temperature
Figure 21. CE High Input Current versus
Ambient Temperature
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100
100
NCP1403
Typical Characteristics
L = 47 H, CIN = 10 F, COUT = 33 F, IOUT = 20 mA
1. VOUT = 15 V, 10 V/div
2. VLX, 10 V/div
3. VIN = 0 V to 3.6 V, 5 V/div
L = 47 H, CIN = 10 F, COUT = 33 F, VIN = 3.6 V, IOUT = 20 mA
1. VOUT = 15 V, 10 V/div
2. VLX, 10 V/div
3. VCE = 0 V to 3.3 V, 5 V/div
Figure 22. Start-Up Waveforms
Figure 23. Chip Enable Waveforms
L = 47 H, CIN = 10 F, COUT = 33 F, IOUT = 10 mA
1. VOUT = 15 V (AC Coupled), 100 mV/div
2. VIN = 3.6 V to 5.5 V, 2.0 V/div
L = 47 H, CIN = 10 F, COUT = 33 F, VIN = 3.6 V
1. VOUT = 15 V (AC Coupled), 50 mV/div
2. IOUT = 1.0 mA to 15 mA, 10 mA/div
Figure 24. Line Transient Response
Figure 25. Load Transient Response
L = 47 H, CIN = 10 F, COUT = 33 F, VIN = 3.6 V, VOUT = 15 V,
IOUT = 10 mA
1. VLX, 5.0 V/div
2. IL, 200 mA/div
3. Vripple, 50 mV/div
L = 47 H, CIN = 10 F, COUT = 33 F, VIN = 3.6 V, VOUT = 15 V,
IOUT = 30 mA
1. VLX, 5.0 V/div
2. IL, 200 mA/div
3. Vripple, 50 mV/div
Figure 26. Operating Waveforms (Medium Load)
Figure 27. Operating Waveforms (Heavy Load)
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NCP1403
DETAILED OPERATING DESCRIPTION
Operation
The NCP1403 is monolithic DC-DC switching
converter optimized for single Lithium or two cells
AA/AAA size batteries powered portable products.
The NCP1403 device consists of start-up circuit, chip
enable circuit, PFM comparator, voltage reference, PFM
on/off timing control circuit, driver, current limit circuit,
and open-drain MOSFET switch. The device operating
current is typically 130 A, and can be further reduced to
about 0.3 A when the chip is disabled (VCE < 0.3V).
The operation of NCP1403 can be best understood by
referring to the block diagram and typical application
circuit 1 in Figures 3 and 1. The PFM comparator monitors
the output voltage via the external feedback resistor divider
by comparing the feedback voltage with the reference
voltage. When the feedback voltage is lower than the
reference voltage, the PFM control and driver circuit turns
on the N-channel MOSFET switch and the current ramps
up in the inductor. The switch will remain on for the
maximum on-time, 6.0 s, or until the current limit is
reached, whichever occurs first. The MOSFET switch is
then turned off and energy stored in the inductor will be
discharged to the output capacitor and load through the
Schottky diode. The MOSFET switch will be turned off for
at least the minimum off-time, 1.3 s, and will remain off
if the feedback voltage is higher than the reference voltage
and output capacitor will be discharged to sustain the
output current, until the feedback voltage is again lower
than reference voltage. This switching cycle is then
repeated to attain voltage regulation.
Voltage Reference and Output Voltage
The internal voltage reference is trimmed to 0.8 V at an
accuracy of ±5.0%. The voltage reference is connected to
the non-inverting input of the PFM comparator and the
inverting input of the PFM comparator is connected to the
FB pin. The output voltage can be set by connected an
external resistor voltage divider from the VOUT to the FB
pin. With the internal 16 V MOSFET switch, the output
voltage can be set between VIN to 15 V.
LX Limit
The LX Limit is a current limit feature which is achieved
by monitoring the voltage at the LX pin during the
MOSFET switch turn-on period. When the switch is turned
on, current ramps up in the inductor, and the voltage at the
LX pin will increase according to the Ohm’s law due to the
On-state resistance of the MOSFET. When the VLX is
greater than 0.75 V, the switch will be turned off. With the
current limit circuit, saturation of inductor is prevented and
output voltage over-shoot during start-up can also be
minimized.
N-Channel MOSFET Switch
The NCP1403 is built-in with a 16 V open drain
N-channel MOSFET switch which allows high output
voltage up to 15 V to be generated from simple step-up
topology.
Enable / Disable Operation
The NCP1403 offers IC shut-down mode by the chip
enable pin (CE pin) to reduce current consumption. An
internal 100 nA pull-up current source tied the CE pin to
OUT pin by default i.e. user can float the pin CE for
permanent “ON”. When voltage at pin CE is equal to or
greater than 0.9 V, the chip will be enabled, which means
the device is in normal operation. When voltage at pin CE
is less than 0.3 V, the chip is disabled, which means IC is
shutdown. During shutdown, the IC supply current reduces
to 0.3 A and LX pin enters high impedance state.
However, the input remains connected to the output
through the inductor and the Schottky diode, keeping the
output voltage to one diode forward voltage drop below the
input voltage.
Soft Start
There is a soft start circuit in NCP1403. When power is
applied to the device, the soft start circuit pumps up the
output voltage to approximately 1.5 V at a fixed duty cycle,
the level at which the converter can operate normally. With
the soft start circuit, the output voltage over-shoot is
minimized and the start-up capability with heavy loads is
also improved.
ON/OFF Timing Control
The maximum on-time is typically 6.0 s, whereas, the
minimum off-time is typically 1.3 s. Owing to the current
limit circuit, the on-time can be shorter. The switching
frequency can be up to 300 kHz.
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NCP1403
APPLICATIONS CIRCUIT INFORMATION
External Component Selection
where VD is the Schottky diode forward voltage drop,
toff(MIN) = 1.3 s.
For step-up converter operates in DCM only, the
maximum output current can be calculated from the
equation below:
Inductor
The NCP1403 is designed to work well with a range of
inductance values, the actual inductance value depends on
the specific application, output current, efficiency, and
output ripple voltage. For step up conversion, the device
works well with inductance ranging from 22 H to 47 H.
Inductor with small DCR, usually less than 1 , should be
used to minimize loss. It is necessary to choose an inductor
with saturation current greater than the peak switching
current in the application.
If 22 H inductance is used, lower profile surface mount
inductor can be selected for the same current rating.
Moreover, it permits the converter to switch at higher
frequency up to 300 kHz since the inductor current will
ramp up faster and hit the current limit at a shorter time for
smaller inductance value. However, current output are
slightly lower because the off-time is limited by the
minimum off-time. If 47 H inductance is selected, higher
efficiency and output current capability are achieved, but
the converter will switch at a lower frequency and the
inductor size will be slightly larger for the same current
rating.
For lower inductance value, the inductor current
ramp-down time will be shorter than the minimum
off-time. Consequently, the converter can only operate in
discontinuous conduction mode and lower output current
can be generated. For higher inductance value, if the
inductance is sufficiently large, the maximum on-time will
expire before the current limit is reached. As a result, the
available output power and output current are reduced.
Besides, instability may occur when operation enters
CCM.
To ensure the current limit is reached before the
maximum on-time expires, L can be selected according to
the inequality below:
L
IOUT(MAX) (ILIM) 2 L
2(VOUT VD VIN)
VLIMV toff(MIN)
IN
S
L
I
For step-up converter operates in CCM, the maximum
output current can be calculated from the equation below:
IOUT(MAX) ILIM (VOUT VD VIN) toff(MIN)
(VIN VS)
2L
(VOUT VD VS)
Diode
The diode is the main source of loss in DC-DC
converters. The most importance parameters which affect
their efficiency are the forward voltage drop, VF, and the
reverse recovery time, trr. The forward voltage drop creates
a loss just by having a voltage across the device while a
current flowing through it. The reverse recovery time
generates a loss when the diode is reverse biased, and the
current appears to actually flow backwards through the
diode due to the minority carriers being swept from the P-N
junction. A Schottky diode with the following
characteristics is recommended:
1. Small forward voltage, VF < 0.3 V
2. Small reverse leakage current
3. Fast reverse recovery time / switching speed
4. Rated current larger than peak inductor current,
Irated > IPK
5. Reverse voltage larger than output voltage,
Vreverse > VOUT
Input Capacitor
The input capacitor can stabilize the input voltage and
minimize peak current ripple from the source. The value of
the capacitor depends on the impedance of the input source
used. Small ESR (Equivalent Series Resistance) Tantalum
or ceramic capacitor with value of 10 F should be suitable.
(VIN VS)
ton(MAX)
ILIM
Output Capacitor
where VS = 0.75 V which is the MOSFET saturation
voltage, and ILIM is the current limit which can be referred
to in Figure 11, and ton(MAX) = 6.0 s.
If the above condition is satisfied, IPK = ILIM; where IPK
is the peak inductor current. Then, step-up converter with
inductor satisfy the following condition will operate in
DCM only,
The output capacitor is used for sustaining the output
voltage when no current is delivering from the input, and
smoothing the ripple voltage. Low ESR Tantalum
capacitor should be used to reduce output ripple voltage
since the output ripple voltage is dominated by the ESR
value of the Tantalum capacitor. In general, a 22 F to
47F low ESR (0.2 to 0.4 ) Tantalum capacitor should
be appropriate. The output ripple voltage can be
approximately given by the following equation:
ILIM L
toff(MIN)
(VOUT VD VIN)
If the IPK = ILIM, step-up converter with inductor satisfy
the following condition will operate in CCM at maximum
output current,
Vripple (IPK IOUT) ESR
ILIM L
toff(MIN)
(VOUT VD VIN)
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NCP1403
Feedback Resistors
The resistance values of the resistors of the voltage divider
can be one-tenth of those used in the positive output circuit
in order to improve the regulation at light load.
For the application circuit in Figure 36, it is actually the
combination of the application circuits in Figures 32
and 33.
Choose the RFB2 value from the range 10 k to 200 k
for positive output voltage. The value of RFB1 can then be
calculated from the equation below:
RFB1 RFB2
VOUT
1
0.8
1% tolerance resistors should be used for both RFB1 and
RFB2 for better VOUT accuracy.
Step-Down Converter
NCP1403 can be configured as a simple step-down
converter by using the open-drain LX pin to drive an
external P-ch MOSFET as shown in Figure 34. The resistor
RGS is used to switch off the P-ch MOSFET during the
switch-of f period. Too small resistance value should not be
used for RGS, otherwise, the efficiency will be reduced.
Output Voltage Higher than 15 V
NCP1403 can be used to generate output voltage higher
than 15 V by adding an external high voltage N-ch
MOSFET in series with the internal MOSFET switch as
shown in Figure 33. The drain-to-source breakdown
voltage of the external MOSFET must be at least 1 V
higher than the output voltage. The diode D1 helps the
external MOSFET to turn off and ensures that most of the
voltage across the external MOSFET during the switch-off
period. Since the high voltage external MOSFET is in
series with the internal MOSFET, higher break down
voltage is achieved but the current capability is not
increased.
There is an alternative application circuit shown in
Figure 35 which can output voltage up to 30 V. For this
circuit, a diode-capacitor charge-pump voltage doubler
constructed by D2, D3 and C1 is added. During the internal
MOSFET switch-on time, the LX pin is shorted to ground
and D2 will charge up C1 to the stepped up voltage at the
cathode of D1. During the MOSFET switch-off time, the
voltage at VOUT will be almost equal to the double of the
voltage at the cathode of D1. The VOUT is monitored by the
FB pin via the resistor divider and can be set by the resistor
values. Since the maximum voltage at the cathode of D1 is
15 V, the maximum VOUT is 30 V. The value of C1 can be
in the range of 0.47 F to 2.2 F.
White LED Driver
The NCP1403 can be used as a constant current LED
driver which can drive up to 4 white LEDs in series as
shown in Figure 2. The LED current can be set by the
resistance value of RS. The desired LED current can be
calculated by the equation below:
ILED 0.8
RS
Moreover, the brightness of the LEDs can be adjusted by
a d.c. voltage or a PWM signal with an additional circuit
illustrated below:
To FB Pin
R1
R2
DC/PWM
Signal
C1
0.1 F
To LED
D2
100 k
RS
C2
820 pF
GND
With this additional circuit, the maximum LED current
is set by the above equation. The value of R2 can be
obtained by the following equation:
Negative Voltage Generation
The NCP1403 can be used to produce a negative voltage
output by adding a diode-capacitor charge-pump circuit
(D2, D3, and C1) to the LX pin as shown in Figure 32. The
feedback voltage resistor divider is still connected to the
positive output to monitor the positive output voltage and
a small value capacitor is used at C2. When the internal
MOSFET switches off, the voltage at the LX pin charges
up the capacitor through diode D2. When the MOSFET
switches on, the capacitor C1 is effectively connected like
a reversed battery and C1 discharges the stored charges
through the Rds(on) of the internal MOSFET and D3 to
charge up COUT and builds up a negative voltage at VOUT.
Since the negative voltage output is not directly monitored
by the NCP1403, the output load regulation of the negative
output is not as good as the standard positive output circuit.
R2 VMAX VD 0.8
(ILED(MAX)ILED(MIN)) RS
R1
VMAX is the maximum voltage of the control signal, VD
is the diode forward voltage, ILED(MAX) is the maximum
LED current and ILED(MIN) is the minimum LED current.
If a PWM control signal is used, the signal frequency from
4 kHz to 40 kHz can be applied.
In case the LEDs fail, the feedback voltage will become
zero. The NCP1403 will then switch at maximum duty
cycle and result in a high output voltage which will cause
the LX pin voltage to exceed its maximum rating. A Zener
diode can be added across the output and FB pin to limit the
voltage at the LX pin. The Zener voltage should be higher
than the total forward voltage of the LED string.
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NCP1403
PCB Layout Hints
The schematic, PCB trace layout, and component
placement of the step-up DC-DC converter demonstration
board are shown in Figure 28 to Figure 31 for PCB layout
design reference.
1.
2.
3.
4.
Grounding
One point grounding should be used for the output power
return ground, the input power return ground, and the
device switch ground to reduce noise. The input ground and
output ground traces must be thick and short enough for
current to flow through. A ground plane should be used to
reduce ground bounce.
Trace from VIN to L
Trace from L to LX pin of the IC
Trace from L to anode pin of Schottky diode
Trace from cathode pin of Schottky diode to
VOUT.
External Feedback Resistors
Feedback resistors should be located as close to the FB
pin as possible to minimize noise picked up by the FB pin.
The ground connection of the feedback resistor divider
should be connected directly to the GND pin.
Input Capacitor
The input capacitor should be located close to both the
VIN to the inductor and the VDD pin of the IC.
Power Signal Traces
Low resistance conducting paths should be used for the
power carrying traces to reduce power loss so as to improve
efficiency (short and thick traces for connecting the
inductor L can also reduce stray inductance). Besides, the
length and area of all the traces with connection to the LX
pin should be minimized. e.g., short and thick traces listed
below should be used in the PCB:
Output Capacitor
The output capacitor should be placed close to the output
terminals to obtain better smoothing effect on output ripple
voltage.
L1
TP1
VIN
1.8 V to 5.0 V
47 H
D1
TP3
VOUT
15 V
MBR0520LT1
+
C1
10 F
CE
1
C3
R1
Enable
R2
FB
2
LX
5
+
C2
33 F
NCP1403
VDD
GND
3
4
TP2
GND
Figure 28. Step-up Converter Demonstration Board Schematic
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TP4
GND
NCP1403
Figure 29. Step-up Converter Demonstration Board Top Layer Copper
Figure 30. Step-up Converter Demonstration Board Bottom Layer Copper
Figure 31. Step-up Converter Demonstration Board Top Layer Component Silkscreen
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NCP1403
Components Supplier
Parts
Supplier
Part Number
Description
Phone
L1
Sumida Electric Co. Ltd.
CD43-470KC
Inductor 47 H
(852) 2880-6688
D1
ON Semiconductor
MBR0520LT1
Schottky Power Rectifier
(852) 2689-0088
C1
Kemet Electronics Corp.
T494A106K010AS
Low ESR Tantalum Capacitor 10 F/10 V
(852) 2305-1168
C2
Kemet Electronics Corp.
T494C336K016AS
Low ESR Tantalum Capacitor 33 F/16 V
(852) 2305-1168
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NCP1403
Other Applications
L
47 H
2.2 F
C3
VIN
2.0 V to 5.5 V
C1
10 F
CE
1
+
MBR0520LT1 x 2
D3
D1
MBR0520LT1
LX
5
D2
+
CC
FB
2
3000 pF
NCP1403
VDD
3
VOUT
-15 V
6 mA at VIN = 2.0 V
C4 40 mA at V = 5.5 V
IN
33 F
25 V
C2
0.1 F
GND
6
RFB1
RFB2
L: CD43-470KC, Sumida
C1: T494A106K010AS, Kemet
C2: EMK107BJ104MA, Taiyo Yuden
C3: GMK316F225ZG, Taiyo Yuden
C4: T494D336K025AS, Kemet
D1, D2, D3: MBR0520LT1, ON Semiconductor
R
VOUT 0.8 FB1 1 1
RFB2
Figure 32. Positive-to-Negative Output Converter for Negative LCD Bias
L
47 H
VIN
3.0 V to 5.5 V
C1
10 F
10 V
D1
MBR0530T1
MGSF1N03T1/
NTHS5402T1
Q1
+
CE
1
FB
2
VDD
3
LX
5
CC
750 pF to
2000 pF
D2
RFB1
VOUT
Up to 29 V
+
6 mA at VIN = 3.0 V
C2 35 mA at VIN = 5.5 V
22 F
35 V
MMSD914T1
NCP1403
RFB2
GND
6
R
VOUT 0.8 FB1 1
RFB2
L: CD43-470KC, Sumida
C1: T494A106K010AS, Kemet
C2: T494D226K035AS, Kemet
Q1: MGSF1N03T1, ON Semiconductor
NTHS5402T1, ON Semiconductor
D1: MBR0530T1, ON Semiconductor
D2: MMSD914T1, ON Semiconductor
Figure 33. Step-up DC-DC Converter with 29 V Output Voltage
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NCP1403
Q1
VIN
2.2 V to 4.2 V
C1
22 F
10 V
RGS
820
LX
5
+
CE
1
FB
2
L 100 H
VOUT
1.6 V
68 F + 200 mA
6V
C2 at VIN = 2.2 V
RFB1
CC
D1
750 pF to
2000 pF
MBR0520LT1
NCP1403
RFB2
VDD
3
L:
C1:
C2:
Q1:
D1:
MGSF1P02LT1
GND
6
R
VOUT 0.8 FB1 1
RFB2
CD43-101KC, Sumida
T494C226K010AS, Kemet
T494D686K006AS, Kemet
MGSF1P02ELT1, ON Semiconductor
MBR0520LT1, ON Semiconductor
Figure 34. Step-down DC-DC Converter with 1.6 V Output Voltage for DSP Circuit
L
47 H
C3
2.2 F D3 MBR0520LT1
VIN
1.8 V to 5.5 V
C1
10 F
10 V
+
CE
1
CC
RFB1
750 pF to
2000 pF
FB
2
VDD
3
D2
MBR0520LT1
LX
5
U1
D1
MBR0520LT1
NCP1403
GND
6
+
C4
10 F
20 V
+
VOUT
30 V
2 mA at VIN = 1.8 V
35 mA at VIN = 5.5 V
C2
10 F
20 V
RFB2
R
VOUT 0.8 FB1 1
RFB2
L: CD43-470KC, Sumida
C1: T494A106K010AS, Kemet
C2, C4: T494D106K020AS, Kemet
C3: GMK316F225ZG, Taiyo Yuden
D1, D2, D3: MBR0520LT1, ON Semiconductor
Figure 35. Step-up DC-DC Converter with 30 V Output Voltage
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NCP1403
D3
D4 MBR0530T1 x 2
VOUT
-28 V
L
+
47 H
C3
D2
2.2 F / 50 V
VIN
3.5 V to 5.0 V
+
MMSD914T1
+
C1
10 F
10 V
CE
1
CC
RFB1
750 pF to
2000 pF
FB
2
U1
Q1
MGSF1N03T1/
NTHS5402T1
LX
5
C4
22 F
35 V
9 mA at VIN = 3.3 V
20 mA at VIN = 5.0 V
C2
1 F
50 V
D1 MMSD914T1
NCP1403
VDD
3
GND
6
R
VOUT 0.8 FB1 1 1
RFB2
RFB2
L:
C1:
C2:
C3:
C4:
Q1:
CD43-470KC, Sumida
T494A106K010AS, Kemet
UMK212F105ZG, Taiyo Yuden
GMK316F225ZG, Taiyo Yuden
T494D226K035AS, Kemet
MGSF1N03T1, ON Semiconductor/
NTHS5402T1, ON Semiconductor
D1, D2: MMSD914T1, ON Semiconductor
D3, D4: MBR0530T1, ON Semiconductor
Figure 36. Voltage Inverting DC-DC Converter with -28 V Output Voltage
MBR0520LT1
D2
MBR0520LT1
D3
VOUT2
-15 V
2 mA at VIN = 1.8 V
22 F 5 mA at VIN = 2.4 V
20 V
10 mA at VIN = 3.0 V
C5
C4
2.2 F
L1 47 H
+
VIN 1.8 V to 5.5 V
C1
10 F
10 V
ON
750 pF to
2000 pF
CE
1
JPI
OFF
C3
+
D1
MBR0520LT1
R1
R2
FB
2
VDD
3
U1
LX
5
NCP1403
GND
6
R
VOUT1 0.8 FB1 1
RFB2
VOUT2 VOUT1 0.3
L1: CD43-470KC, Sumida
C1: T494A106K010AS, Kemet
C2, C5: T494C226K020AS, Kemet
C3: UMK107B102KZ, Taiyo Yuden
C4: TMK316BJ225ML, Taiyo Yuden
D1, D2, D3: MBR0520LT1, ON Semiconductor
R1: 390 k
Figure 37. +15 V, -15 V Outputs Converter for LCD Bias Supply
R2: 22 k
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C2
22 F
20 V
VOUT1
15 V
2 mA at VIN = 1.8 V
5 mA at VIN = 2.4 V
10 mA at VIN = 3.0 V
NCP1403
MBR0520LT1
D3
MBR0520LT1
D4
C7
C5
2.2 F
L1 47 H
MBR0520LT1 +
D5
C4 2.2 F
VIN 1.8 V to 5.5 V
C1
10 F
10 V
+
ON
CE
1
C3
R1
R2
FB
2
VDD
3
U1
LX
5
C6
22 F
20 V
MBR0520LT1
JPI
OFF
+
D2
750 pF to
2000 pF
22 F
20 V
+ C2
D1
MBR0520LT1
10 F
10 V
NCP1403
GND
6
R
VOUT1 0.8 FB1 1
RFB2
L1: CD43-470KC, Sumida
V
VOUT2 OUT1
C1, C2: T494A106K010AS, Kemet
2
C3: UMK107B102KZ, Taiyo Yuden
C4, C5: TMK316BJ225ML, Taiyo Yuden
C6, C7: T494C226K020AS, Kemet
D1, D2, D3, D4, D5: MBR0520LT1, ON Semiconductor
R1: 390 k
Figure 38. +15 V, -7.5 V Outputs Converter for CCD Supply Circuit
R2: 22 k
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VOUT2
-7.5 V
5 mA at VIN = 3.0 V
VOUT1
15 V
20 mA at VIN = 3.0 V
NCP1403
PACKAGE DIMENSIONS
TSOP-5
SN SUFFIX
CASE 483-01
ISSUE B
NOTES:
1. DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSI
Y14.5M, 1982.
2. CONTROLLING DIMENSION: MILLIMETER.
3. MAXIMUM LEAD THICKNESS INCLUDES LEAD
FINISH THICKNESS. MINIMUM LEAD THICKNESS
IS THE MINIMUM THICKNESS OF BASE
MATERIAL.
D
S
5
4
1
2
3
B
L
G
A
J
C
0.05 (0.002)
H
M
K
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19
DIM
A
B
C
D
G
H
J
K
L
M
S
MILLIMETERS
MIN
MAX
2.90
3.10
1.30
1.70
0.90
1.10
0.25
0.50
0.85
1.05
0.013
0.100
0.10
0.26
0.20
0.60
1.25
1.55
0
10 2.50
3.00
INCHES
MIN
MAX
0.1142 0.1220
0.0512 0.0669
0.0354 0.0433
0.0098 0.0197
0.0335 0.0413
0.0005 0.0040
0.0040 0.0102
0.0079 0.0236
0.0493 0.0610
0
10 0.0985 0.1181
NCP1403
ON Semiconductor and
are registered trademarks of Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC (SCILLC). SCILLC reserves the right to make
changes without further notice to any products herein. SCILLC makes no warranty, representation or guarantee regarding the suitability of its products for any
particular purpose, nor does SCILLC assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any product or circuit, and specifically disclaims any and all
liability, including without limitation special, consequential or incidental damages. “Typical” parameters which may be provided in SCILLC data sheets and/or
specifications can and do vary in different applications and actual performance may vary over time. All operating parameters, including “Typicals” must be
validated for each customer application by customer’s technical experts. SCILLC does not convey any license under its patent rights nor the rights of others.
SCILLC products are not designed, intended, or authorized for use as components in systems intended for surgical implant into the body, or other applications
intended to support or sustain life, or for any other application in which the failure of the SCILLC product could create a situation where personal injury or death
may occur. Should Buyer purchase or use SCILLC products for any such unintended or unauthorized application, Buyer shall indem nify and hold SCILLC and
its officers, employees, subsidiaries, affiliates, and distributors harmless against all claims, costs, damages, and expenses, and reasonable attorney fees
arising out of, directly or indirectly, any claim of personal injury or death associated with such unintended or unauthorized use, even if such claim alleges that
SCILLC was negligent regarding the design or manufacture of the part. SCILLC is an Equal Opportunity/Affirmative Action Employer.
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For additional information, please contact your local
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20
NCP1403/D