19-2394; Rev 1; 7/97 Single/Dual/Quad High-Speed, Fast-Settling, High Output Current Operational Amplifier Features The MAX408/428/448 are high speed general purpose monolithic operational amplifiers in a single, dual or quad package, that are useful for signal frequencies extending into the video range. These Op Amps function in gain configurations greater-than or equal-to 3. High output current allows large capacitive loads to be driven at high speeds. ♦ Fast Settling Time: ±0.1% In 150ns ♦ High Slew Rate: 90V/µs ♦ Large Gain Bandwidth: 100MHz ♦ Full Power Bandwidth: 4.8MHz at 6V p-p ♦ Ease of Use: Internally Compensated for ACL ≥ 3 with 50°–60° Phase Margin Open-loop voltage gain of 10k V/V and high slew rate of 90V/µs make the MAX408/428/448 ideal for analog amplification and high speed signal processing. 100MHz gain bandwidth and a ±0.1% settling time of l50ns make each amplifier ideal for fast data conversion systems. The amplifiers are capable of driving back terminated transmission lines of 75Ω with amplitudes of 5V peakto-peak. Along with the high speed and output drive capability, a 35nA offset current and trimmable offset voltage make the MAX408/428/448 optimal for signal conditioning applications where accuracy must be maintained. ♦ Low Supply Voltage Operation: ±4V ♦ Wide Input Voltage Range: Within 1.5V of V+ and 0.5V of V♦ Minimal Crosstalk: >90dB Separation (MAX428/448) ♦ Short Circuit Protection Ordering Information Applications Video Amplifiers Test Equipment Waveform Generators PART TEMP. RANGE MAX408ACPA 0°C to +70°C PIN-PACKAGE 8 Lead Plastic DIP MAX408ACSA 0°C to +70°C 8 Lead Small Outline MAX408CPA 0°C to +70°C 8 Lead Plastic DIP MAX408CSA 0°C to +70°C 8 Lead Small Outline MAX408C/D 0°C to +70°C Dice Ordering Information continued at end of data sheet. Video Distribution Pulse Amplifiers Pin Configurations TOP VIEW OUTA 1 OUT 1 1 +IN 3 + V- 4 7 V+ -INA 2 B + -IN 2 A - 6 OUT 5 BALANCE +INA V+ 7 OUT2 6 -INB V- 4 5 +INB DIP/SO + + - - V+ 4 -INB 6 13 -IND 12 +IND 11 V- MAX448 +INB 5 - 3 MAX428 DIP/SO 8 3 10 +INC - B + N.C. 2 + 8 MAX408 + BALANCE 1 -INA +INA 14 OUTD D A C OUTB 7 - 9 -INC 8 OUTC DIP/SO ________________________________________________________________ Maxim Integrated Products 1 For free samples & the latest literature: http://www.maxim-ic.com, or phone 1-800-998-8800. For small orders, phone 1-800-835-8769. MAX408/428/448 General Description MAX408/428/448 Single/Dual/Quad High-Speed, Fast-Settling, High Output Current Operational Amplifier ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS Supply Voltages.....................................................................+6V Differential Input Voltage .......................................................+9V Common Mode Input Voltage .......................................|Vs| -0.5V Output Short Circuit Current Duration ...........................Indefinite Continuous Power Dissipation (TA = +70°C) 8-Pin Plastic DIP (derate 9.09mW/°C above +70°C) ....727mW 8-Pin SO (derate 5.88mW/°C above +70°C).................471mW 14-Pin Plastic DIP (derate 10.00mW/°C above +70°C) .........................800mW 14-Pin SO (derate 8.33mW/°C above +70°C)...............667mW Operating Temperature Range Commercial (MAX4_8AC/C) ................................0°C to +70°C Storage Temperature Range .............................-65°C to +150°C Lead Temperature (Soldering, 60 seconds)...................+300° C Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS—MAX408 (VS = ±5V, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) PARAMETER Input Offset Voltage Average Offset Voltage Drift Input Bias Current SYMBOL CONDITIONS VOS TA = 25°C 0°C ≤ TA ≤ 70°C ∆VOS/∆T 0°C ≤ TA ≤ 70°C IOS Input Common Mode Range VCM Differential Input Resistance RIND Common Mode Input Resistance RINC Differential Input Capacitance CIND Common Mode Input Capacitance CINC 5 8 MIN MAX 12 16 3 5 6 10 650 1100 650 1100 nA 35 70 120 200 35 70 120 200 nA 20 mV µV/°C +3.5 -4.5 V (Note 1) 3 10 3 10 MΩ (Note 1) 4 8 4 8 MΩ 2 2 pF 3 3 pF BW = 10Hz to 100kHz VOUT = ±3V, RL = 2kΩ 12 µVRMS 2 5 5 10 V/mV RL = 2kΩ RL = 150Ω ±3.5 ±2.0 ±2.4 ±3.5 ±2.5 ±2.7 CMRR VCM = ±2V 60 70 60 70 dB PSRR ∆VPS = ±0.5V 60 66 60 66 dB 60 90 60 90 V/µS VOUT 12 IS 7 Slew Rate (Note 1) SR 10–90% of Leading Edge (Figure 1) Settling Time tS To ±0.1% (±4mV) of Final Value (Figure 1) (Note 1) GBW 150 100 10 200 7 150 100 Note 1: Not tested, guaranteed by design. 2 UNITS TYP +3 -4 eN Gain Bandwidth Product MAX +3.5 -4.5 AV Power Supply Rejection Ratio TYP +3 -4 Open Loop Voltage Gain Common Mode Rejection Ratio MAX408AC 20 TA = 25°C 0°C ≤ TA ≤ 70°C Input Voltage Noise Power Supply Current MIN IB Input Offset Current Output Voltage Swing MAX408C _______________________________________________________________________________________ V 10 200 mA ns MHz Single/Dual/Quad High-Speed, Fast-Settling, High Output Current Operational Amplifier (VS = ±5V, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) PARAMETER Input Offset Voltage Average Offset Voltage Drift Input Bias Current SYMBOL CONDITIONS MAX428C MIN MAX428AC TYP MAX 5 8 MIN TYP MAX 12 16 3 5 6 10 UNITS VOS TA = 25°C 0°C ≤ TA ≤ 70°C ∆VOS/∆T 0°C ≤ TA ≤ 70°C 20 IB TA = 25°C 0°C ≤ TA ≤ 70°C 650 1100 1700 650 1100 1700 mA 35 120 35 120 nA Input Offset Current IOS Input Common Mode Range VCM Differential Input Resistance RIND Common Mode Input Resistance RINC Differential Input Capacitance CIND Common Mode Input Capacitance CINC +3.5 -4.5 +3 -4 +3.5 -4.5 V (Note 1) 3 10 3 10 MΩ (Note 1) 4 8 4 8 MΩ 2 2 pF 3 3 pF eN BW = 10Hz to 100kHz Open Loop Voltage Gain AV VOUT = ±3V, RL = 2kΩ VOUT Power Supply Current (Both Amplifiers) IS µV/°C +3 -4 Input Voltage Noise Output Voltage Swing 20 mV RL = 2kΩ RL = 150Ω 12 µVRMS 2 12 5 5 10 V/mV ±3.5 ±2.0 ±2.4 ±3.5 ±2.5 ±2.7 15 20 15 V 20 mA Common Mode Rejection Ratio CMRR VCM = ±2V 60 70 60 70 dB Power Supply Rejection Ratio PSRR ∆VPS = ±0.5V 60 66 60 66 dB 60 90 60 90 V/µS Slew Rate (Note 1) SR 10–90% of Leading Edge (Figure 1) Settling Time tS To ±0.1% (±4mV) of Final Value (Figure 1) (Note 1) Gain Bandwidth Product GBW 150 100 200 150 100 200 ns MHz Note 1: Not tested, guaranteed by design. _______________________________________________________________________________________ 3 MAX408/428/448 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS—MAX428 MAX408/428/448 Single/Dual/Quad High-Speed, Fast-Settling, High Output Current Operational Amplifier ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS—MAX448 (VS = ±5V, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) PARAMETER Input Offset Voltage Average Offset Voltage Drift Input Bias Current Input Offset Current SYMBOL CONDITIONS MAX408C MIN MAX408AC TYP MAX 12 16 VOS TA = 25°C 0°C ≤ TA ≤ 70°C 5 8 ∆VOS/∆T 0°C < TA ≤ 70°C 20 IB TA = 25°C 0°C ≤ TA ≤ 70°C 650 1100 1700 35 120 IOS MIN TYP MAX 3 5 6 10 20 UNITS mV µV/°C 650 1100 1700 nA 35 120 nA +3 -4 +3.5 -4.5 +3 -4 +3.5 -4.5 V Input Common Mode Range VCM Differential Input Resistance RIND (Note 1) 3 10 3 10 MΩ Common Mode Input Resistance RINC (Note 1) 4 8 4 8 MΩ Differential Input Capacitance CIND 2 Common Mode Input Capacitance CINC 3 3 pF 12 12 µVRMS V/mV Input Voltage Noise Open Loop Voltage Gain eN BW = 10Hz to 100kHz AV VOUT = ±3V, RL = 2kΩ Output Voltage Swing VOUT Power Supply Current (All Four Amplifiers) IS RL = 2kΩ RL = 150Ω 2 ±3.5 ±2.0 pF 5 4 10 ±2.4 ±3.5 ±2.5 ±2.7 30 40 30 V 40 mA Power Supply Rejection Ratio PSRR ∆VPS = ±0.5V 60 66 60 66 dB Common Mode Rejection Ratio CMRR VCM = ±2V 60 70 60 70 dB 60 90 60 90 V/µS Slew Rate (Note 1) SR 10–90% of Leading Edge (Figure 1) Settling Time tS To ±0.1% (±4mV) of Final Value (Figure 1) (Note 1) Gain Bandwidth Product 150 GBW 200 150 100 200 100 ns MHz Note 1: Not tested, guaranteed by design. AC CHARACTERISTICS—MAX408/428/448 (VS = ±5V, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise specified.) PARAMETER Small Signal Rise/Fall Time Full Power Bandwidth Amp-Amp Crosstalk (MAX428/448) 4 SYMBOL tr/tf BWFP CONDITIONS eO = ±100mV 10–90% (Figure 1) MAX4XXC MIN TYP MAX4XXC MAX MIN TYP MAX UNITS 7 7 ns RL = 2kΩ, CL = 50pF VOUT = 6Vp-p 4.8 4.8 MHz Input Referenced f = 10kHz -96 -96 dB _______________________________________________________________________________________ Single/Dual/Quad High-Speed, Fast-Settling, High Output Current Operational Amplifier INPUT BIAS CURRENT vs. TEMPERATURE NORMALIZED OPEN LOOP GAIN vs. TEMPERATURE 800 600 400 MAX408-03 MAX408-02 10 8 5 SUPPLY CURRENT (mA) INPUT BIAS CURRENT (nA) 1000 10 NORMALIZED OPEN LOOP GAIN (dB) MAX408-01 1200 SUPPLY CURRENT vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE 0 -5 6 4 2 -10 200 20 30 40 50 60 70 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 3 4 5 6 TEMPERATURE (°C) SUPPLY VOLTAGE (±V) OPEN LOOP GAIN vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE INPUT OFFSET CURRENT vs. TEMPERATURE AMPLIFIER/AMPLIFIER CROSSTALK vs. FREQUENCY (MAX428/448) INPUT OFFSET CURRENT (nA) 80 70 60 -20 80 MAX408-06 100 MAX408-04 90 -40 60 40 -60 -80 -100 20 50 -120 5 0 6 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 1k 10k TEMPERATURE (°C) SUPPLY VOLTAGE (±V) MAXIMUM OUTPUT VOLTAGE SWING vs. LOAD RESISTANCE 5 NEGATIVE SWING 100k 1M 10M 100M FREQUENCY (Hz) MAXIMUM OUTPUT VOLTAGE SWING vs. TEMPERATURE MAX408-08 4 MAX408-07 RL = 2kΩ 8 4 P-P VOLTAGE SWING (V) 3 VOLTAGE SWING (V) GAIN (dB) 0 TEMPERATURE (°C) CROSSTALK (dB) 10 MAX408-05 0 POSITIVE SWING 3 2 6 RL = 50Ω 4 2 1 0 0 10Ω 100Ω LOAD RESISTANCE (Ω) 1kΩ 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 TEMPERATURE (°C) _______________________________________________________________________________________ 5 MAX408/428/448 Typical Operating Characteristics (VS = ±5, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise stated and apply for each individual op amp where applicable.) Single/Dual/Quad High-Speed, Fast-Settling, High Output Current Operational Amplifier MAX408/428/448 Typical Operating Characteristics (TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) EQUIVALENT INPUT NOISE vs. BANDWIDTH SHORT CURCUIT OUTPUT CURRENT vs. TEMPERATURE 80 EQUIVALENT INPUT NOISE (µV) 100 -ISC +ISC 60 40 MAX408-10 100 MAX408-09 SHORT CIRCUIT OUTPUT CURRENT (mA) 120 RSOURCE = 10kΩ 10 RSOURCE = 0 1 THERMAL NOISE OF 10kΩ RESISTOR 20 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 0.1 70 100 TEMPERATURE (°C) 1k 10k 100k 1M BANDWIDTH (Hz) (LOWER - 3dB FREQUENCY = 10Hz) MAX408toc11 OPEN LOOP FREQUENCY RESPONSE, RL = 50Ω, CL = 50pF MAX408-12 0 80 60 φ 10dB PHASE MARGIN = φM 40 120 180 20 10dB GAIN MARGIN = GM 0 240 OPEN LOOP GAIN (Av, dB) Av PHASE (φ, DGREES) OPEN LOOP GAIN (AV, dB) 60 300 -20 RL = 2kΩ CL = 5pF 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 -5 -10 -15 -20 0 Av 60 120 φ 180 240 PHASE (φ, DEGREES) OPEN LOOP FREQUENCY RESPONSE 300 360 360 -40 1kHz 10kHz 100kHz 1MHz 10MHz 100MHz 1M 1GHz 10M OPEN LOOP FREQUENCY RESPONSE, RL = 2kΩ, CL = 50pF 10dB PHASE MARGIN AND 10dB FREQUENCY vs. TEMP GAIN MARGIN AND 180 DEGREE FREQUENCY vs. TEMP (AV = 10dB) MAX408toc14 MAX408toc15 180 240 300 35 30 55 1M 10M 100M FREQUENCY (Hz) 1G 25 φM 50 45 20 60 6 50 GM 5 4 RL = 2kΩ CL = 50pF 0 70 40 TEMPERATURE (°C) 60 80 40 RL = 2kΩ CL = 50pF 0 20 40 TEMPERATURE (°C) _______________________________________________________________________________________ 60 80 180 DEGREE FREQUENCY (MHz) 120 80 180 FREQUENCY GAIN MARGIN (GM, dB) φ 40 10dB FREQUENCY 10dB FREQUENCY (MHz) 60 10dB PHASE MARGIN (φM, DEGREES) Av 360 6 1G 0 PHASE (φ, DEGREES) OPEN LOOP GAIN (Av, dB) MAX408-13 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 -5 -10 -15 -20 100M FREQUENCY (Hz) FREQUENCY Single/Dual/Quad High-Speed, Fast-Settling, High Output Current Operational Amplifier MAX408/428/448 +1V eIN 2kΩ -1V 1kΩ SETTLING TIME eIN RL CL 10pF eO 150Ω 2V 90% 2kΩ SLEW RATE 300Ω eOUT eS = SETTLE VOLTAGE ±4mV OF FINAL VALUE 10% -2V Note that to properly measure es, amplifier and settle resistor ratios should be matched to 0.5% and probe capacitance ≤ 35pF Figure 1A. Settling Time and Slew Rate Test Circuit eIN OV eo OV Figure 1C. Small Signal Response eo OV ___________Application Information AC Characteristics es OV Figure 1B. Large Signal Response The 35MHz 10dB crossover point of the MAX408/ 428/448 is achieved without feed forward compensation, a technique which can produce long tails in the recovery characteristic. The single pole rolloff follows the classic 20dB/decade slope to frequencies approaching 50MHz. The 10dB (3.2V/V) phase margin of 50°, even with a capacitive load of 50pF, gives stable and predictable performance down to non-inverting gain configurations of approximately 3V/V (inverting gains of -2V/V). At frequencies beyond 50MHz, the 20dB/decade slope is disturbed by an output stage zero, the damping factor of which is dependent upon the RL, CL load combination. This results in loss of gain _______________________________________________________________________________________ 7 MAX408/428/448 Single/Dual/Quad High-Speed, Fast-Settling, High Output Current Operational Amplifier margin (gain at loop phase = 360°) at frequencies of 70 to 100MHz which at a gain margin of 5dB (RL = 2k, CL = 5pF) results in a peak in the gain of 3 amplifier configurations as shown in Figures 3 and 4. Figure 3 shows a blow up of the open loop characteristics in the 10MHz to 200MHz frequency range, as well as the corresponding closed loop characteristics for a gain of three non-inverting amplifier at similar load conditions. It should be noted that the open loop characteristic does not show the additional phase shift covered by the input capacitance pole. This is why the closed loop peaking at 30 to 40MHz is greater than what would be expected from the 50 to 60 degrees of phase margin indicated by the open loop characteristics. Corresponding small signal step response characteristics show well-behaved pulse waveforms with 16–33% overshoot. The input capacitive pole can be neutralized by adding a feedback capacitor to R2. The value of capacitance is selected according to R1 CIN = R2CFB, where CIN is the sum of the common mode and differential input capacitance ≈5pF. For R2 = 2R1, CFB = CIN/2 ≈ 2.5pF. Figure 4 shows the results of this feedback capacitor addition. Neutralizing the input capacitance demonstrates the peaking that can result from the loss of gain margin at 70 to 100MHz. As the load time constant (RLCL) increases the peaking gets progressively worse ≈6dB at RL = 2K, CL = 50pF. The step response waveforms are as expected with a very strong 88MHz ring being exhibited at RL = 2k, CL = 50pF and no overshoot at RL = 50Ω, CL = 5pF. Layout Considerations As with any high-speed wideband amplifier, certain layout considerations are necessary to ensure stable operation. All connections to the amplifier should remain as short as possible, and the power supplies bypassed with 0.1µF capacitors to signal ground. It is suggested that a ground plane be considered as the best method for ensuring stability because it minimizes stray inductance and unwanted coupling in the ground signal paths. To minimize capacitive effects, resistor values should be kept as small as possible, consistent with the application. MAX408 Offset Voltage Nulling The configuration of Figure 2 will give a typical VOS nulling range of ±15mV. If a smaller adjustment range is desired, resistor values R1 and R2 can be increased accordingly. For example, at R1 = 3.6kΩ, the adjustment range is ±5mV. Since pins 1 and 5 are not part of the signal path, AC characteristics are left undisturbed. RP = 10kΩ R1 = 1.3k 2 R2 = 1.3kΩ 1 V+ BAL. BAL. 56 3 Figure 2. VOS Nulling Method for MAX408 8 Simplified Schematic. For MAX428/448 omit balance pins. _______________________________________________________________________________________ Single/Dual/Quad High-Speed, Fast-Settling, High Output Current Operational Amplifier φ, 60 RL = 2kΩ CL = 50pF 120 15 10 180 R = 2kΩ AV, L CL = 50pF 240 5 0 R2 = 2kΩ R = 50Ω AV, L CL = 5pF φ, RL = 50Ω CL = 5pF 300 PHASE (φ, DEGREES) OPEN LOOP GAIN (AV, dB) 20 R1 = 1kΩ RL 100MHz CL eO eIN eo / eIN = (1 + R2 / R1) = 3V/V 360 -5 -10 10MHz MAX408/428/448 OPEN LOOP FREQUENCY RESPONSE 1GHz FREQUENCY eIN eO CLOSED LOOP FREQUENCY RESPONSE R = 50Ω AV, L CL = 5pF R = 2kΩ AV, L CL = 50pF R1 = 1k, R2 = 2k 15 10 0 45 90 135 180 225 5 0 -5 -10 1MHz φ, RL = 50Ω CL = 5pF φ, RL = 2kΩ CL = 50pF 10MHz RL = 2Ω CL = 50pF PHASE (φ, DEGREES) CLOSED LOOP GAIN (AV, dB) 20 eIN 270 315 100MHz 1GHz FREQUENCY eO RL = 50Ω CL = 5pF SMALL SIGNAL STEP RESPONSE Figure 3. Frequency and Time Domain Response Characteristics, AV = 3 _______________________________________________________________________________________ 9 MAX408/428/448 Single/Dual/Quad High-Speed, Fast-Settling, High Output Current Operational Amplifier CFB = 2.5pF CLOSED LOOP FREQUENCY RESPONSE RL CL eO eIN CLOSED LOOP GAIN (AV, dB) CIN ≈5pF 1kΩ R1 = 1kΩ R2 = 2kΩ 15 R = 50Ω AV, L CL = 5pF 10 0 45 90 135 180 225 270 315 5 0 R = 2kΩ AV, L CL = 50pF -5 -10 1MHz 10MHz 100MHz FREQUENCY eIN eO RL = 2kΩ CL = 50pF eIN eO RL = 50Ω CL = 5pF SMALL SIGNAL STEP RESPONSE Figure 4. Response Characteristics with Input Pole Cancellation, AV = 3 10 ______________________________________________________________________________________ 1GHz PHASE (φ, DEGREES) 20 2kΩ Single/Dual/Quad High-Speed, Fast-Settling, High Output Current Operational Amplifier PART TEMP. RANGE MAX428A_CPA 0°C to +70°C 8 Lead Plastic DIP MAX428ACSA MAX428CPA MAX428CSA MAX428C/D MAX448ACPD 0°C to +70°C 0°C to +70°C 0°C to +70°C 0°C to +70°C 0°C to +70°C 8 Lead Small Outline 8 Lead Plastic DIP 8 Lead Small Outline Dice 14 Lead Plastic DIP MAX448ACSD 0°C to +70°C 14 Lead Small Outline MAX448CPD 0°C to +70°C 14 Lead Plastic DIP MAX448CSD 0°C to +70°C 14 Lead Small Outline MAX448C/D 0°C to +70°C Dice MAX408/428/448 Ordering Information (continued) PIN-PACKAGE ______________________________________________________________________________________ 11 MAX408/428/448 Single/Dual/Quad High-Speed, Fast-Settling, High Output Current Operational Amplifier NOTES Maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim product. No circuit patent licenses are implied. Maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time. 12 ____________________Maxim Integrated Products, 120 San Gabriel Drive, Sunnyvale, CA 94086 408-737-7600 © 1997 Maxim Integrated Products Printed USA is a registered trademark of Maxim Integrated Products.