INTEGRATED CIRCUITS DATA SHEET PCF2103 family LCD controllers/drivers Product specification File under Integrated Circuits, IC12 1998 May 11 Philips Semiconductors Product specification LCD controllers/drivers PCF2103 family CONTENTS 8.7 8.8 8.9 8.10 8.11 8.12 8.12.1 8.12.2 8.12.3 8.12.4 8.12.5 8.12.6 8.12.7 Set CGRAM address Set DDRAM address Read busy flag and address counter Write data to CGRAM or DDRAM Read data from CGRAM or DDRAM Extended function set instructions and features New instructions Icon control IM IB Screen configuration Display configuration Reducing current consumption 9 INTERFACE TO MICROCONTROLLER 9.1 9.2 9.2.1 9.2.2 9.2.3 Parallel interface I2C-bus interface Characteristics of the I2C-bus I2C-bus protocol Definitions 10 LIMITING VALUES 11 HANDLING 12 DC CHARACTERISTICS 13 AC CHARACTERISTICS 1 FEATURES 2 APPLICATIONS 3 GENERAL DESCRIPTION 4 ORDERING INFORMATION 5 BLOCK DIAGRAM 6 PINNING 7 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.6 7.7 7.8 7.9 7.10 7.11 7.12 7.13 7.14 7.15 LCD bias voltage generator Oscillator External clock Power-on reset Power-down mode Registers Busy flag Address Counter (AC) Display Data RAM (DDRAM) Character Generator ROM (CGROM) Character Generator RAM (CGRAM) Cursor control circuit Timing generator LCD row and column drivers Reset function 14 TIMING CHARACTERISTICS 8 INSTRUCTIONS 15 APPLICATION INFORMATION 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.3.1 8.3.2 8.4 8.4.1 8.4.2 8.4.3 8.5 8.6 8.6.1 8.6.2 8.6.3 Clear display Return home Entry mode set I/D S Display control (and partial power-down mode) D C B Cursor or display shift Function set DL (parallel mode only) M H 15.1 15.3 15.4 8-bit operation, 1-line display using internal reset 4-bit operation, 1-line display using internal reset 8-bit operation, 2-line display I2C-bus operation, 1-line display 16 BONDING PAD LOCATIONS 17 DEFINITIONS 18 LIFE SUPPORT APPLICATIONS 19 PURCHASE OF PHILIPS I2C COMPONENTS 1998 May 11 15.2 2 Philips Semiconductors Product specification LCD controllers/drivers 1 PCF2103 family FEATURES • Single-chip LCD controller/driver • 2-line display of up to 12 characters + 120 icons, or 1-line display of up to 24 characters + 120 icons • 5 × 7 character format plus cursor; 5 × 8 for kana (Japanese syllabary) and user defined symbols 2 • Icon mode: reduced current consumption while displaying icons only(1) APPLICATIONS • Telecom equipment • Portable instruments • Icon blink function • Point-of-sale terminals. • On-chip: – Generation of intermediate LCD bias voltages 3 – Oscillator requires no external components (external clock also possible) GENERAL DESCRIPTION The PCF2103 family is a low power CMOS LCD controller and driver, designed to drive a dot matrix LCD display of 2 line by 12 or 1 line by 24 characters with 5 × 8 dot format. All necessary functions for the display are provided in a single chip, including on-chip generation of LCD bias voltages, resulting in a minimum of external components and lower system current consumption. The PCF2103 interfaces to most microcontrollers via a 4 or 8-bit bus or via the 2-wire I2C-bus. The chip contains a character generator and displays alphanumeric and kana (Japanese) characters. The letter ‘X’ in PCF2103X characterizes the built-in character set. Various character sets can be manufactured on request. • Display data RAM: 80 characters • Character generator ROM: 240, 5 × 8 characters • Character generator RAM: 16, 5 × 8 characters; 3 characters used to drive 120 icons, 6 characters used if icon blink feature is used in application • 4 or 8-bit parallel bus and 2-wire I2C-bus interface • CMOS compatible • 18 row, 60 column outputs • Mux rates 1 : 18 (for normal operation) and 1 : 2 (for icon-only mode) • Uses common 11 code instruction set (extended) • Logic supply voltage range, VDD − VSS = 1.8 to 5.5 V; chip may be driven with two battery cells • Display supply voltage range, VLCD − VSS = 2.2 to 6.5 V • Very low current consumption (20 to 120 µA): – Icon mode: <25 µA – Power-down mode: <2.5 µA. (1) Icon mode is used to save current. When only icons are displayed, a much lower operating voltage VLCD can be used and the switching frequency of the LCD outputs is reduced. In most applications it is possible to use VDD as VLCD. 4 ORDERING INFORMATION PACKAGE TYPE NUMBER NAME PCF2103EU/2/F2 1998 May 11 − DESCRIPTION VERSION − chip with bumps in tray 3 Philips Semiconductors Product specification LCD controllers/drivers 5 PCF2103 family BLOCK DIAGRAM C1 to C60 handbook, full pagewidth R1 to R18 60 COLUMN DRIVERS BIAS VOLTAGE GENERATOR VLCD 18 ROW DRIVERS 60 18 DATA LATCHES SHIFT REGISTER 18-BIT 60 SHIFT REGISTER 5 × 12-BIT 5 OSC OSCILLATOR CURSOR AND DATA CONTROL 5 CHARACTER GENERATOR RAM (128 × 5) (CGRAM) 16 CHARACTERS VDD CHARACTER GENERATOR ROM (CGROM) 240 CHARACTERS TIMING GENERATOR VSS 8 T1 DISPLAY DATA RAM (DDRAM) 80 CHARACTERS/BYTES 8 PD 7 7 DISPLAY ADDRESS COUNTER ADDRESS COUNTER (AC) 7 7 INSTRUCTION DECODER PCF2103 DATA REGISTER (DR) 8 INSTRUCTION REGISTER BUSY FLAG 8 POWER-ON RESET 8 I/O BUFFER MGL259 DB0 to DB3/SA0 DB4 to DB7 E R/W RS SCL SDA Fig.1 Block diagram. 1998 May 11 4 Philips Semiconductors Product specification LCD controllers/drivers 6 PCF2103 family PINNING SYMBOL DIE PAD DESCRIPTION VDD 1 supply voltage OSC 2 oscillator/external clock input PD 3 power-down pad input T1 4 test pad (connected to VSS) VSS 5 ground VLCD 6 VLCD input; note 1 R9 to R16 R18 C60 to C1 R8 to R1 7 to 14 15 LCD row driver outputs 9 to 16 LCD row driver output 18 16 to 23, 26 to 50, LCD column driver outputs 60 to 1 53 to 77, 80, 81 82 to 89 LCD row driver outputs 8 to 1 R17 90 LCD row driver output 17 SCL 91 I2C-bus serial clock input SDA 92 I2C-bus serial data input/output E 93 data bus clock input RS 94 register select input R/W 95 read/write input DB7 96 bit of bi-directional data bus DB6 97 bit of bi-directional data bus DB5 98 bit of bi-directional data bus DB4 99 bit of bi-directional data bus DB3/SA0 100 bit of bi-directional data bus/I2C-bus address pin DB2 101 bit of bi-directional data bus DB1 102 bit of bi-directional data bus DB0 103 bit of bi-directional data bus Note 1. This is the voltage used for the generation of LCD bias levels. 1998 May 11 5 Philips Semiconductors Product specification LCD controllers/drivers Table 1 PCF2103 family Pin functions; note 1 NAME RS FUNCTION register select DESCRIPTION RS selects the register to be accessed for read and write; there is an internal pull-up on this pin RS = 0 selects the instruction register for write and the busy flag and address counter for read RS = 1 selects the data register for both read and write R/W read/write R/W selects either the read (R/W = 1) or write (R/W = 0) operation; there is an internal pull-up on this pin E data bus clock pin E is set HIGH to signal the start of a read or write operation; data is clocked in or out of the chip on the negative edge of the clock DB7 to DB0 data bus the bi-directional, 3-state data bus transfers data between the system controller and the PCF2103; DB7 may be used as the busy flag, signalling that internal operations are not yet completed; in 4-bit operations the 4 higher order lines DB7 to DB4 are used; DB3 to DB0 must be left open-circuit; there is an internal pull-up on each of the data lines C1 to C60 column driver outputs these pins output the data for columns R1 to R18 row driver outputs these pins output the row select waveforms to the display; R17 and R18 drive the icons VLCD LCD power supply positive power supply for the liquid crystal display OSC oscillator when the on-chip oscillator is used this pin must be connected to VDD; an external clock signal, if used, is input at this pin SCL serial clock line input for the I2C-bus clock signal SDA serial data line I/O for the I2C-bus data line SA0 address pin the hardware sub-address line is used to program the device sub-address for two different PCF2103s on the same I2C-bus T1 test pad must be connected to VSS; not user accessible PD power-down pad PD selects chip power-down mode; for normal operation PD = 0 Note 1. When the I2C-bus is used, the parallel interface pin E must be defined as E = 0. In I2C-bus read mode DB7 to DB0 should be connected to VDD or left open-circuit. a) When the parallel bus is used, pins SCL and SDA must be connected to VSS or VDD; they may not be left unconnected. b) If the 4-bit interface is used without reading out from the PCF2103 (i.e. R/W is set permanently to logic 0), the unused ports DB0 to DB3 can either be set to VSS or VDD instead of leaving them open. 1998 May 11 6 Philips Semiconductors Product specification LCD controllers/drivers 7 PCF2103 family FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION 7.1 LCD bias voltage generator The intermediate bias voltages for the LCD display are generated on-chip. This removes the need for an external resistive bias chain and significantly reduces the system current consumption. The optimum value of VLCD depends on the multiplex rate, the LCD threshold voltage (Vth) and the number of bias levels and is given by the relationships given in Tables 2 and 3. Using a 5-level bias scheme for 1 : 18 maximum rate allows VLCD <5 V for most LCD liquids. Table 2 Optimum/maximum values for VOP (off pixels start darkening; Voff = Vth) MUX RATE NUMBER OF LEVELS Von/Vth 1 : 18 5 1.272 3.7 5.2 V 1:2 3 2.236 2.283 3.9 V VOP/Vth VOP (typical; for Vth = 1.4 V) Table 3 VOP/Vth VOP (typical; for Vth = 1.4 V) Minimum values for VOP (on pixels clearly visible; Von > Vth) MUX RATE NUMBER OF LEVELS Von/Vth 1 : 18 5 1.12 3.2 4.6 V 1:2 3 1.2 1.5 2.1 V 7.2 During power-down, the whole chip is being reset and will restart with a clear display after power-down. Therefore, the whole chip has to be initialized after a power-down as after an initial power-up. Oscillator The on-chip oscillator provides the clock signal for the display system. No external components are required and pin OSC must be connected to VDD. 7.3 7.6 External clock The PCF2103 has two 8-bit registers, an Instruction Register (IR) and a Data Register (DR). The Register Select signal (RS) determines which register will be accessed. The instruction register stores instruction codes such as ‘display clear’ and ‘cursor shift’, and address information for the Display Data RAM (DDRAM) and Character Generator RAM (CGRAM). The instruction register can be written from but not read by the system controller. The data register temporarily stores data to be read from the DDRAM and CGRAM. When reading, data from the DDRAM or CGRAM corresponding to the address in the instruction register is written to the data register prior to being read by the ‘read data’ instruction. If an external clock is to be used, it is input at the OSC pin. The resulting display frame frequency is given by f osc f frame = -----------3072 Only in the power-down state is the clock allowed to be stopped (OSC connected to VSS), otherwise the LCD is frozen in a DC state. 7.4 Power-on reset The on-chip power-on reset block initializes the chip after power-on or power failure. This is a synchronous reset and requires 3 oscillator cycles to be executed. Afterwards, a clear display is initiated. 7.5 7.7 Busy flag The busy flag indicates the internal status of the PCF2103. Logic 1 indicates that the chip is busy and further instructions will not be accepted. The busy flag is output at pin DB7 when RS = 0 and R/W = 1. Instructions should only be written after checking that the busy flag is logic 0 or waiting for the required number of cycles. Power-down mode The chip can be put into power-down mode where all static currents are switched off (no internal oscillator, no bias level generation, all LCD outputs are internally connected to VSS) when PD = 1. 1998 May 11 Registers 7 Philips Semiconductors Product specification LCD controllers/drivers 7.8 PCF2103 family Address Counter (AC) 7.11 The address counter assigns addresses to the DDRAM and CGRAM for reading and writing and is set by the commands ‘set CGRAM address’ and ‘set DDRAM address’. After a read/write operation the address counter is automatically incremented or decremented by 1. The address counter contents are output to the bus (DB6 to DB0) when RS = 0 and R/W = 1. 7.9 Up to 16 user defined characters may be stored in the CGRAM. Some CGRAM characters (see Fig.14) are also used to drive icons (6 if icons blink and both icon rows are used in application; 3 if no blink but both icon rows are used in application; 0 if no icons are driven by the icon rows). The CGROM and CGRAM use a common address space, of which the first column is reserved for the CGRAM (see Fig.6). Figure 7 shows the addressing principle for the CGRAM. Display Data RAM (DDRAM) The DDRAM stores up to 80 characters of display data represented by 8-bit character codes. RAM locations which are not used for storing display data can be used as general purpose RAM. The basic RAM-to-display addressing scheme is shown in Fig.2. With no display shift the characters represented by the codes in the first 24 RAM locations starting at address 00 in line 1 are displayed. Figures 3 and 4 show the display mapping for right and left shift respectively. 7.12 7.13 Timing generator The timing generator produces the various signals required to drive the internal circuitry. Internal chip operation is not disturbed by operations on the data buses. 7.14 LCD row and column drivers The PCF2103 contains 18 row and 60 column drivers, which connect the appropriate LCD bias voltages in sequence to the display in accordance with the data to be displayed. R17 and R18 drive the icon rows. Character Generator ROM (CGROM) The Character Generator ROM (CGROM) generates 240 character patterns in 5 × 8 dot format from 8-bit character codes. Figure 6 shows the character set that is currently implemented. Table 4 Cursor control circuit The cursor control circuit generates the cursor (underline and/or cursor blink as shown in Fig.5) at the DDRAM address contained in the address counter. When the address counter contains the CGRAM address the cursor will be inhibited. When data is written to or read from the DDRAM wrap-around occurs from the end of one line to the start of the next line. When the display is shifted each line wraps around within itself, independently of the others. Thus all lines are shifted and wrapped around together. The address ranges and wrap-around operations for the various modes are shown in Table 4. 7.10 Character Generator RAM (CGRAM) The bias voltages and the timing are selected automatically when the number of lines in the display is selected. Figures 8, 9 and 10 show typical waveforms. Unused outputs should be left unconnected. Address space and wrap-around operation MODE ADDRESS SPACE READ/WRITE WRAP-AROUND(1) DISPLAY SHIFT WRAP-AROUND(2) 1 × 24 00H to 4FH 4FH to 00H 4FH to 00H 2 × 12 00H to 27H; 40H to 67H 27H to 40H; 67H to 00H 27H to 00H; 67H to 40H Notes 1. Moves to next line. 2. Stays within line. 1998 May 11 8 Philips Semiconductors Product specification LCD controllers/drivers handbook, full pagewidth display position DDRAM address PCF2103 family non-displayed DDRAM addresses 1 2 3 4 5 22 23 24 00 01 02 03 04 15 16 17 18 19 4C 4D 4E 4F 1-line display non-displayed DDRAM address DDRAM address 1 2 3 4 5 10 11 12 00 01 02 03 04 09 0A 0B 0C 0D 1 2 3 4 5 10 11 12 40 41 42 43 44 49 4A 4B 4C 4D 24 25 26 27 line 1 64 65 66 67 line 2 MGE991 2-line display Fig.2 DDRAM-to-display mapping: no shift. handbook,display halfpage position 1 5 22 23 24 DDRAM address 4F 00 01 02 03 2 3 4 14 15 16 1-line display 1 DDRAM address 5 10 11 12 27 00 01 02 03 2 3 08 09 0A 1 5 10 11 12 67 40 41 42 43 48 49 4A 2 3 4 4 line 1 line 2 MGE992 2-line display Fig.3 DDRAM-to-display mapping: right shift. 1998 May 11 9 Philips Semiconductors Product specification LCD controllers/drivers PCF2103 family handbook,display halfpage 5 22 23 24 01 02 03 04 05 1 16 17 18 position DDRAM address 2 3 4 1-line display 5 10 11 12 01 02 03 04 05 1 0A 0B 0C 1 5 10 11 12 41 42 43 44 45 4A 4B 4C DDRAM address 2 3 2 3 4 4 line 1 line 2 MGE993 2-line display Fig.4 DDRAM-to-display mapping: left shift. cursor MGA801 5 x 7 dot character font alternating display cursor display example blink display example Fig.5 Cursor and blink display examples. 1998 May 11 10 Philips Semiconductors Product specification LCD controllers/drivers PCF2103 family handbook, full pagewidth upper 4 bits 0000 xxxx 0000 1 xxxx 0001 2 xxxx 0010 3 xxxx 0011 4 xxxx 0100 5 xxxx 0101 6 xxxx 0110 7 xxxx 0111 8 xxxx 1000 9 xxxx 1001 10 xxxx 1010 11 xxxx 1011 12 xxxx 1100 13 xxxx 1101 14 xxxx 1110 15 xxxx 1111 16 lower 4 bits 0001 0010 0011 0100 0101 0110 0111 1000 1001 1010 1011 1100 1101 1110 1111 MGD689 Fig.6 Character set ‘E’ in CGROM. 1998 May 11 11 Philips Semiconductors Product specification LCD controllers/drivers PCF2103 family character codes handbook, full pagewidth CGRAM address (DDRAM data) 7 6 5 4 3 2 higher order bits 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 6 lower order bits 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 4 3 2 higher order bits 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 character patterns (CGRAM data) 1 0 4 lower order bits 0 1 3 higher order bits 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 2 1 character code (CGRAM data) 0 4 3 2 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 lower order bits 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 cursor position 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 character pattern example 1 character pattern example 2 MGE995 Character code bits 0 to 3 correspond to CGRAM address bits 3 to 6. CGRAM address bits 0 to 2 designate the character pattern line position. The 8th line is the cursor position and display is performed by logical OR with the cursor. Data in the 8th position will appear in the cursor position. Character pattern column positions correspond to CGRAM data bits 0 to 4, as shown in Fig.6. As shown in Figs 6 and 7, CGRAM character patterns are selected when character code bits 4 to 7 are all logic 0. CGRAM data = logic 1 corresponds to selection for display. Only bits 0 to 5 of the CGRAM address are set by the ‘set CGRAM address’ command. Bit 6 can be set using the ‘set DDRAM address’ command in the valid address range or by using the auto-increment feature during CGRAM write. All bits 0 to 6 can be read using the ‘read busy flag and address counter’ command; see Table 7. Fig.7 Relationship between CGRAM addresses and data and display patterns. 1998 May 11 12 Philips Semiconductors Product specification LCD controllers/drivers frame n handbook, full pagewidth ROW 1 PCF2103 family frame n + 1 state 1 (ON) state 2 (OFF) VLCD V2 V3/V4 V5 VSS R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 ROW 9 R6 VLCD V2 V3/V4 V5 VSS ROW 2 VLCD V2 V3/V4 V5 VSS COL1 VLCD V2 V3/V4 V5 VSS COL2 VLCD V2 V3/V4 V5 VSS R7 R8 R9 VOP 0.5VOP 0.25VOP state 1 0 V −0.25VOP −0.5VOP −VOP VOP 0.5VOP 0.25VOP state 2 0 V −0.25VOP −0.5VOP −VOP MGE996 1 2 3 18 1 2 3 18 Fig.8 Typical LCD waveforms; character mode. 1998 May 11 13 Philips Semiconductors Product specification LCD controllers/drivers PCF2103 family frame n + 1 frame n handbook, full pagewidth only icons are driven (MUX 1 : 2) VLCD ROW 17 2/3 1/3 VSS VLCD ROW 18 2/3 1/3 VSS VLCD ROW 1 to 16 2/3 1/3 VSS VLCD COL 1 ON/OFF 2/3 1/3 VSS VLCD COL 2 OFF/ON 2/3 1/3 VSS VLCD COL 3 ON/ON 2/3 1/3 VSS VLCD COL 4 OFF/OFF 2/3 1/3 VSS MGE997 Fig.9 Mux 1 : 2 LCD waveforms; icon mode. 1998 May 11 14 Philips Semiconductors Product specification LCD controllers/drivers handbook, full pagewidth V PIXEL PCF2103 family frame n + 1 frame n state 1 (ON) state 1 COL 1 ROW 17 state 2 COL 2 ROW 17 VOP 2/3 VOP 1/3 VOP state 2 (OFF) R17 R18 0 R1-16 −1/3 VOP −2/3 VOP −VOP state 3 (OFF) VOP 2/3 VOP 1/3 VOP 0 −1/3 VOP −2/3 VOP −VOP VOP 2/3 VOP 1/3 VOP state 3 COL 1 0 ROW 1 to 16 −1/3 VOP −2/3 VOP −VOP MGE998 VON(rms) = 0.745 VOP. VOFF(rms) = 0.333 VOP. V ON = 2.23 D = ------------V OFF Fig.10 Mux 1 : 2 LCD waveforms; icon mode. 1998 May 11 15 Philips Semiconductors Product specification LCD controllers/drivers 7.15 PCF2103 family Reset function The PCF2103 automatically initializes (resets) when power is turned on. The reset executes a ‘clear display’ instruction, requiring 165 oscillator cycles. After the reset the chip has the state shown in Table 5. Table 5 State after reset STEP INSTRUCTION 1 clear display 2 entry mode set 3 4 display control function set RESET STATE (BIT/REGISTER) RESET STATE (DESCRIPTION) I/D = 1 +1 (increment) S=0 no shift D=0 display off C=0 cursor off B=0 cursor character blink off DL = 1 8-bit interface M=0 1-line display H=0 normal instruction set 5 default address pointer to DDRAM; the Busy Flag (BF) indicates the busy state (BF = 1) until initialization ends; the busy state lasts 2 ms; the chip may also be initialized by software; see Tables 16 and 17 6 icon control IM, IB = 00 icons/icon blink disabled 7 display/screen configuration L, P, Q = 000 default configurations 8 I2C-bus 1998 May 11 interface reset 16 Philips Semiconductors Product specification LCD controllers/drivers 8 PCF2103 family In normal use, instructions that perform data transfer with internal RAM are used most frequently. However, automatic incrementing by 1 (or decrementing by 1) of internal RAM addresses after each data write lessens the microcontroller program load. The display shift in particular can be performed concurrently with display data write, enabling the designer to develop systems in minimum time with maximum programming efficiency. INSTRUCTIONS Only two PCF2103 registers, the Instruction Register (IR) and the Data Register (DR) can be directly controlled by the microcontroller. Before internal operation, control information is stored temporarily in these registers to allow interface to various types of microcontrollers which operate at different speeds or to allow interface to peripheral control ICs. The format for instructions when I2C-bus control is used is shown in Table 6. The PCF2103 operation is controlled by the instructions given in Table 7 together with their execution time. Details are explained in subsequent sections. During internal operation, no instruction other than the ‘read busy flag and address counter’ instruction will be executed. Because the busy flag is set to logic 1 while an instruction is being executed, the user should verify that the busy flag is at logic 0 before sending the next instruction or wait for the maximum instruction execution time, as given in Table 7. An instruction sent while the busy flag is logic 1 will not be executed. Instructions are of 4 types, those that: 1. Designate PCF2103 functions such as display format, data length, etc. 2. Set internal RAM addresses 3. Perform data transfer with internal RAM 4. Others. Table 6 Instruction set for I2C-bus commands CONTROL BYTE Co RS 0 0 0 0 COMMAND BYTE 0 0 DB7 DB6 DB5 DB4 DB3 DB2 DB1 DB0 note 1 Note 1. R/W is set together with the slave address. 1998 May 11 I2C-BUS COMMANDS 17 This text is here in white to force landscape pages to be rotated correctly when browsing through the pdf in the Acrobat reader.This text is here in _white to force landscape pages to be rotated correctly when browsing through the pdf in the Acrobat reader.This text is here inThis text is here in white to force landscape pages to be rotated correctly when browsing through the pdf in the Acrobat reader. white to force landscape pages to be ... INSTRUCTION RS R/W DB7 DB6 DB5 DB4 DB3 DB2 DB1 DB0 DESCRIPTION REQUIRED CLOCK CYCLES H = 0 or 1 NOP 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 no operation 3 Function set 0 0 0 0 1 DL 0 M 0 H sets interface Data Length (DL) and number of display lines (M); extended instruction set control (H) 3 Read busy flag and address counter 0 1 BF reads the Busy Flag (BF) indicating internal operating is being performed and reads address counter contents 0 Read data 1 1 read data reads data from CGRAM or DDRAM 3 Write data 1 0 write data writes data from CGRAM or DDRAM 3 Clear display 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 clears entire display and sets DDRAM address 0 in address counter 165 Return home 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 sets DDRAM address 0 in address counter; also returns shifted display to original position; DDRAM contents remain unchanged 3 Entry mode set 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 I/D S sets cursor move direction and specifies shift of display; these operations are performed during data write and read 3 Display control 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 D C B sets entire display on/off (D), cursor on/off (C) and blink of cursor position character (B); D = 0 (display off) puts chip into power-down mode 3 Cursor/display shift 0 0 0 0 0 1 S/C R/L 0 0 moves cursor and shifts display without changing DDRAM contents 3 Set CGRAM address 0 0 0 1 sets CGRAM address; bit 6 is to be set by the command ‘set DDRAM address’; look at the description of the commands 3 Set DDRAM address 0 0 1 sets DDRAM address 3 AC Philips Semiconductors Instruction set with parallel bus commands; note 1 LCD controllers/drivers 1998 May 11 Table 7 H=0 18 Product specification ADD PCF2103 family ACG This text is here in white to force landscape pages to be rotated correctly when browsing through the pdf in the Acrobat reader.This text is here in _white to force landscape pages to be rotated correctly when browsing through the pdf in the Acrobat reader.This text is here inThis text is here in white to force landscape pages to be rotated correctly when browsing through the pdf in the Acrobat reader. white to force landscape pages to be ... R/W DB7 DB6 DB5 DB4 DB3 DB2 DB1 DB0 DESCRIPTION REQUIRED CLOCK CYCLES H=1 Reserved 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 do not use − Screen configuration 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 L set screen configuration 3 Display configuration 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 P Q set display configuration 3 Icon control 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 IM IB 0 set icon mode (IM), icon blink (IB) 3 Reserved 0 0 0 0 0 1 X X X X do not use − Reserved 0 0 0 1 X X X X X X do not use − Reserved 0 0 1 X X X X X X X do not use − Philips Semiconductors RS LCD controllers/drivers 1998 May 11 INSTRUCTION Note 1. X = don’t care. 19 Product specification PCF2103 family Philips Semiconductors Product specification LCD controllers/drivers Table 8 PCF2103 family Specification of mnemonics used in Table 7 BIT LOGIC 0 LOGIC 1 I/D decrement increment S display freeze display shift D display off display on C cursor off cursor on B cursor character blink off: character at cursor position does not blink cursor character blink on: character at cursor position blinks S/C cursor move display shift R/L left shift right shift DL 4 bits 8 bits H use basic instruction set use extended instruction set L (ignored, if M = 1) left/right screen: standard connection (as in PCF2114); 1st 12 characters of 24: columns are from 1 to 60; 2nd 12 characters of 24: columns are from 1 to 60 left/right screen: mirrored connection (as in PCF2116); 1st 12 characters of 24: columns are from 1 to 60; 2nd 12 characters of 24: columns are from 60 to 1 P column data: left to right (as in PCF2116); column data is displayed from 1 to 60 column data: right to left; column data is displayed from 60 to 1 Q row data: top to bottom (as in PCF2116); row data is displayed from 1 to 16 and icon row data is in 17 and 18 row data: bottom to top; row data is displayed from 16 to 1 and icon row data is in 18 and 17 IM character mode; full display icon mode; only icons displayed IB icon blink disabled icon blink enabled M 1-line by 24 display 2-line by 12 display C0 last control byte; see Table 6 another control byte follows after data/command 1998 May 11 20 Philips Semiconductors Product specification LCD controllers/drivers PCF2103 family RS R/W E DB7 IR7 IR3 BF AC3 DR7 DR3 DB6 IR6 IR2 AC6 AC2 DR6 DR2 DB5 IR5 IR1 AC5 AC1 DR5 DR1 DB4 IR4 IR0 AC4 AC0 DR4 DR0 busy flag and address counter read instruction write data register read MGA804 Fig.11 4-bit transfer example. RS R/W E internal DB7 internal operation IR7 IR3 instruction write busy AC3 busy flag check not busy AC3 busy flag check D7 instruction write IR7 and IR3: instruction 7th and 3rd bit. AC3: address counter 3rd bit. D7 and D3: data 7th and 3rd bit. Fig.12 An example of 4-bit data transfer timing sequence. 1998 May 11 21 D3 MGA805 Philips Semiconductors Product specification LCD controllers/drivers PCF2103 family RS R/W E internal DB7 internal operation data instruction write busy busy flag check not busy busy busy flag check busy flag check data instruction write MGA806 Fig.13 Example of busy flag checking timing sequence. 8.1 Clear display 8.3 ‘Clear display’ writes character code 20H into all DDRAM addresses (the character pattern for character code 20H must be a blank pattern), sets the DDRAM address counter to logic 0 and returns display to its original position if it was shifted. Thus, the display disappears and the cursor or blink position goes to the left edge of the display. Sets entry mode I/D = 1 (increment mode). S of entry mode does not change. 8.3.1 8.3.2 S When S = 1, the entire display shifts either to the right (I/D = 0) or to the left (I/D = 1) during a DDRAM write. Thus it looks as if the cursor stands still and the display moves. The display does not shift when reading from the DDRAM, or when writing into or reading out of the CGRAM. When S = 0 the display does not shift. Return home ‘Return home’ sets the DDRAM address counter to logic 0 and returns display to its original position if it was shifted. DDRAM contents do not change. The cursor or blink position goes to the left of the first display line. I/D and S of entry mode do not change. 1998 May 11 I/D When I/D = 1 (0) the DDRAM or CGRAM address increments (decrements) by 1 when data is written into or read from the DDRAM or CGRAM. The cursor or blink position moves to the right when incremented and to the left when decremented. The cursor underline and cursor character blink are inhibited when the CGRAM is accessed. The instruction ‘clear display’ requires extra execution time. This may be allowed by checking the Busy Flag (BF) or by waiting until the 165 clock cycles have elapsed. The latter must be applied where no read-back options are foreseen, as in some Chip-On-Glass (COG) applications. 8.2 Entry mode set 22 Philips Semiconductors Product specification LCD controllers/drivers 8.4 8.4.1 PCF2103 family The Address Counter (AC) content does not change if the only action performed is shift display, but increments or decrements with the ‘cursor shift’. Display control (and partial power-down mode) D The display is on when D = 1 and off when D = 0. Display data in the DDRAM are not affected and can be displayed immediately by setting D to logic 1. 8.6 8.6.1 When the display is off (D = 0) the chip is in partial power-down mode: • Bias generator is turned off. 3 oscillator cycles are required after sending the ‘display off’ instruction to ensure all outputs are at VSS, afterwards OSC can be stopped. If the oscillator is running during partial power-down mode (‘display off’) the chip can still execute instructions. Even lower current consumption is obtained by inhibiting the oscillator (OSC = VSS). ‘Function set’ from the I2C-bus interface sets the DL bit to logic 1. To ensure IDD < 2 µA the parallel bus pins DB7 to DB0 should be connected to VDD; RS and R/W to VDD or left open-circuit and PD to VDD. Recovery from power-down mode: put PD back to logic 0, if necessary put OSC back to VDD and send a ‘display control’ instruction with D = 1 to enable the display again. 8.6.2 C When H = 1 the extended range of instructions will be used. These are mainly for controlling the display configuration and the icons. B 8.7 The character indicated by the cursor blinks when B = 1. The cursor character blink is displayed by switching between display characters and all dots on with a period of f osc approximately 1 s, with f BLINK = --------------52224 The cursor underline and the cursor character blink can be set to display simultaneously. Set CGRAM address ‘Set CGRAM address’ sets bits 5 to 0 of the CGRAM address ACG into the address counter (binary A[5] to A[0]). Data can then be written to or read from the CGRAM. Attention: the CGRAM address uses the same address register as the DDRAM address and consists of 7 bits (binary A[6] to A[0]). With the ‘set CGRAM address’ command, only bits 5 down to 0 are set. Bit 6 can be set using the ‘set DDRAM address’ command first, or by using the auto-increment feature during CGRAM write. All bits 6 to 0 can be read using the ‘read busy flag and address counter’ command. Cursor or display shift ‘Cursor/display shift’ moves the cursor position or the display to the right or left without writing or reading display data. This function is used to correct a character or move the cursor through the display. In 2-line displays, the cursor moves to the next line when it passes the last position (40) of the line. When the displayed data is shifted repeatedly all lines shift at the same time; displayed characters do not shift into the next line. 1998 May 11 H When H = 0 the chip can be programmed via the standard 11 instruction codes used in the PCF2116 and other LCD controllers. The cursor is displayed when C = 1 and inhibited when C = 0. Even if the cursor disappears, the display functions I/D, etc. remain in operation during display data write. The cursor is displayed using 5 dots in the 8th line (see Fig.5). 8.5 M Chooses either 1-line by 24 display (M = 0) or 2-line by 12 display (M = 1). 8.6.3 8.4.3 DL (PARALLEL MODE ONLY) Sets interface data width. Data is sent or received in bytes (DB7 to DB0) when DL = 1 or in two nibbles (DB7 to DB4) when DL = 0. When 4-bit width is selected, data is transmitted in two cycles using the parallel bus. In a 4-bit application DB3 to DB0 should be left open-circuit (internal pull-ups). Hence in the first ‘function set’ instruction after power-on N and H are set to logic 1. A second ‘function set’ must then be sent (2 nibbles) to set N and H to their required values. • The LCD outputs are connected to VSS 8.4.2 Function set When writing to the lower part of the CGRAM, ensure that bit 6 of the address is not set (e.g. by an earlier DDRAM write or read action). 23 Philips Semiconductors Product specification LCD controllers/drivers 8.8 PCF2103 family 8.12 Set DDRAM address ‘Set DDRAM address’ sets the DDRAM address ADD into the address counter (binary A[6] to A[0]). Data can then be written to or read from the DDRAM. 8.9 8.12.1 Extended function set instructions and features NEW INSTRUCTIONS H = 1 sets the chip into alternate instruction set mode. Read busy flag and address counter 8.12.2 ‘Read busy flag and address counter’ reads the Busy Flag (BF) and Address Counter (AC). BF = 1 indicates that an internal operation is in progress. The next instruction will not be executed until BF = 0, so BF should be checked before sending another instruction. ICON CONTROL The PCF2103 can drive up to 120 icons. See Fig.14 for CGRAM to icon mapping. 8.12.3 IM At the same time, the value of the address counter expressed in binary A[6] to A[0] is read out. The address counter is used by both CGRAM and DDRAM, and its value is determined by the previous instruction. When IM = 0 the chip is in character mode. In character mode characters and icons are driven (mux 1 : 18). 8.10 8.12.4 When IM = 1 the chip is in icon mode. In icon mode only the icons are driven (mux 1 : 2). Write data to CGRAM or DDRAM IB ‘Write data’ writes binary 8-bit data D[7] to D[0] to the CGRAM or the DDRAM. Icon blink control is independent of the cursor/character blink function. Whether the CGRAM or DDRAM is to be written into is determined by the previous ‘set CGRAM address’ or ‘set DDRAM address’ command. After writing, the address automatically increments or decrements by 1, in accordance with the entry mode. Only bits D[4] to D[0] of CGRAM data are valid, bits D[7] to D[5] are ‘don’t care’. When IB = 0 icon blink is disabled. Icon data is stored in CGRAM character 0 to 2 (3 × 8 × 5 = 120 bits for 120 icons). 8.11 When IB = 1 icon blink is enabled. In this case each icon is controlled by two bits. Blink consists of two half phases (corresponding to the cursor on and off phases called even and odd phases hereafter). Read data from CGRAM or DDRAM Icon states for the even phase are stored in CGRAM characters 0 to 2 (3 × 8 × 5 = 120 bits for 120 icons). These bits also define the icon state when the icon blink is not used. ‘Read data’ reads binary 8-bit data D[7] to D[0] from the CGRAM or DDRAM. The most recent ‘set address’ command determines whether the CGRAM or DDRAM is to be read. Icon states for the odd phase are stored in CGRAM character 4 to 6 (another 120 bits for the 120 icons). When icon blink is disabled CGRAM characters 4 to 6 may be used as normal CGRAM characters. The ‘read data’ instruction gates the content of the Data Register (DR) to the bus while pin E is HIGH. After pin E goes LOW again, internal operation increments (or decrements) the AC and stores RAM data corresponding to the new AC into the DR. It should be noted that there are only three instructions that update the Data Register (DR). These are: • ‘set CGRAM address’ • ‘set DDRAM address’ • ‘read data’ from CGRAM or DDRAM. Other instructions (e.g. ‘write data’, ‘cursor/display shift’, ‘clear display’, ‘return home’) do not modify the data register content. 1998 May 11 24 Philips Semiconductors Product specification LCD controllers/drivers Table 9 PCF2103 family Blink effect for icons and cursor character blink PARAMETER EVEN PHASE ODD PHASE Cursor underline on off Cursor character blink block (all on) normal (display character) Icons state 1: CGRAM characters 0 to 2 state 2: CGRAM characters 4 to 6 handbook, full pagewidth display: COL 1 to 5 COL 6 to 10 COL 56 to 60 ROW 17 – 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 ROW 18 – 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 56 57 58 59 60 116 117 118 119 120 MGE999 block of 5 columns icon no. handbook, full pagewidth phase ROW/COL character codes 7 6 5 4 3 2 CGRAM address 1 MSB 0 6 LSB MSB 5 4 3 2 1 CGRAM data 0 4 3 2 1 LSB MSB icon view 0 LSB 1-5 even 17/1-5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 6-10 even 17/6-10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 11-15 even 17/11-15 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 56-60 even 17/56-60 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 61-65 even 18/1-5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 116-120 even 18/56-60 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1-5 odd (blink) 17/1-5 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 116-120 odd (blink) 18/56-60 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 MGG001 CGRAM data bit = logic 1 turns the icon on, data bit = logic 0 turns the icon off. Data in character codes 0 to 2 define the icon states when icon blink is disabled or during the even phase when icon blink is enabled. Data in character codes 4 to 6 define the icon state during the odd phase when icon blink is enabled (not used for icons when icon blink is disabled). Fig.14 CGRAM-to-icon mapping. 1998 May 11 25 Philips Semiconductors Product specification LCD controllers/drivers 8.12.5 PCF2103 family SCREEN CONFIGURATION 9 The default value for L is logic 0. In the event of L = 0 the two halves of a split screen are connected in a standard way i.e. column 1/61, 2/62 to 60/120. In the event of L = 1 the two halves of a split screen are connected in a mirrored way i.e. column 1/120, 2/119 to 60/61. This allows single layer PCB or glass layout. 8.12.6 9.1 In 8-bit mode data is transferred as 8-bit bytes using the 8 data lines DB7 to DB0. Three further control lines E, RS and R/W are required; see Table 1. DISPLAY CONFIGURATION In 4-bit mode data is transferred in two cycles of 4 bits each using pins DB7 to DB4 for transaction. The higher order bits (corresponding to DB7 to DB4 in 8-bit mode) are sent in the first cycle and the lower order bits (DB3 to DB0 in 8-bit mode) in the second. Data transfer is complete after two 4-bit data transfers. Note that two cycles are also required for the busy flag check. 4-bit operation is selected by instruction. See Figs 11 to 14 for examples of bus protocol. REDUCING CURRENT CONSUMPTION Reducing current consumption can be achieved by one of the options mentioned in Table 10. Table 10 Reducing current consumption ORIGINAL MODE ALTERNATIVE MODE Character mode icon mode (control bit IM) Display on display off (control bit D) 1998 May 11 Parallel interface The PCF2103 can send data in either two 4-bit operations or one 8-bit operation and can thus interface to 4-bit or 8-bit microcontrollers. The default value for P and Q is logic 0. P = 1 mirrors the column data whereas Q = 1 mirrors the row data. 8.12.7 INTERFACE TO MICROCONTROLLER In 4-bit mode pins DB3 to DB0 must be left open-circuit. They are pulled up to VDD internally. 26 Philips Semiconductors Product specification LCD controllers/drivers 9.2 9.2.1 PCF2103 family I2C-bus interface 9.2.2 Before any data is transmitted on the I2C-bus, the device which should respond is addressed first. The addressing is always carried out with the first byte transmitted after the start procedure. The I2C-bus configuration for the different PCF2103 read and write cycles is shown in Figs 20 to 21. The slow down feature of the I2C-bus protocol (receiver holds SCL low during internal operations) is not used in the PCF2103. CHARACTERISTICS OF THE I2C-BUS The I2C-bus is for bidirectional, two-line communication between different ICs or modules. The two lines are a serial data line (SDA) and a Serial Clock Line (SCL). Both lines must be connected to a positive supply via a pull-up resistor. Data transfer may be initiated only when the bus is not busy. Each byte of eight bits is followed by an acknowledge bit. The acknowledge bit is a HIGH-level signal put on the bus by the transmitter during which time the master generates an extra acknowledge related clock pulse. A slave receiver which is addressed must generate an acknowledge after the reception of each byte. Also a master receiver must generate an acknowledge after the reception of each byte that has been clocked out of the slave transmitter. 9.2.3 DEFINITIONS • Transmitter: the device which sends the data to the bus • Receiver: the device which receives the data from the bus • Master: the device which initiates a transfer, generates clock signals and terminates a transfer • Slave: the device addressed by a master The device that acknowledges must pull down the SDA line during the acknowledge clock pulse, so that the SDA line is stable LOW during the HIGH period of the acknowledge related clock pulse (set-up and hold times must be taken into consideration). A master receiver must signal an end of data to the transmitter by not generating an acknowledge on the last byte that has been clocked out of the slave. In this event the transmitter must leave the data line HIGH to enable the master to generate a STOP condition. 1998 May 11 I2C-BUS PROTOCOL • Multi-master: more than one master can attempt to control the bus at the same time without corrupting the message • Arbitration: procedure to ensure that, if more than one master simultaneously tries to control the bus, only one is allowed to do so and the message is not corrupted • Synchronization: procedure to synchronize the clock signals of two or more devices. 27 Philips Semiconductors Product specification LCD controllers/drivers MASTER TRANSMITTER/ RECEIVER PCF2103 family SLAVE TRANSMITTER/ RECEIVER SLAVE RECEIVER MASTER TRANSMITTER/ RECEIVER MASTER TRANSMITTER SDA SCL MGA807 Fig.15 System configuration. handbook, full pagewidth SDA SCL data line stable; data valid change of data allowed MBC621 Fig.16 Bit transfer. handbook, full pagewidth SDA SDA SCL SCL S P START condition STOP condition MBC622 Fig.17 Definition of START and STOP conditions. handbook, full pagewidth DATA OUTPUT BY TRANSMITTER not acknowledge DATA OUTPUT BY RECEIVER acknowledge SCL FROM MASTER 1 2 8 9 S clock pulse for acknowledgement START condition MBC602 Fig.18 Acknowledgement on the I2C-bus. 1998 May 11 28 This text is here in white to force landscape pages to be rotated correctly when browsing through the pdf in the Acrobat reader.This text is here in _white to force landscape pages to be rotated correctly when browsing through the pdf in the Acrobat reader.This text is here inThis text is here in white to force landscape pages to be rotated correctly when browsing through the pdf in the Acrobat reader. white to force landscape pages to be ... Philips Semiconductors LCD controllers/drivers handbook, full pagewidth 1998 May 11 acknowledgement from PCF2103 S S 0 1 1 1 0 1 A 0 A 1 RS CONTROL BYTE A DATA BYTE A 0 RS CONTROL BYTE A DATA BYTE A P 0 slave address R/W Co 2n ≥ 0 bytes 1 byte Co n ≥ 0 bytes update data pointer 29 MGL250 S 0 1 1 1 0 1 A 0 0 PCF2103 slave address R/W Product specification PCF2103 family Fig.19 Master transmits to slave receiver; write mode. This text is here in white to force landscape pages to be rotated correctly when browsing through the pdf in the Acrobat reader.This text is here in _white to force landscape pages to be rotated correctly when browsing through the pdf in the Acrobat reader.This text is here inThis text is here in white to force landscape pages to be rotated correctly when browsing through the pdf in the Acrobat reader. white to force landscape pages to be ... DATA BYTE A 0 RS CONTROL BYTE A DATA BYTE(1) 0 slave address 2n R/W 0 bytes n ≥ 0 bytes 1 byte Co A Philips Semiconductors S S 0 1 1 1 0 1 A 0 A 1 RS CONTROL BYTE A LCD controllers/drivers agewidth 1998 May 11 acknowledgement Co acknowledgement acknowledgement no acknowledgement 30 S SLAVE ADDRESS S A 1 A 0 DATA BYTE A n bytes R/W Co DATA BYTE 1 P last byte update data pointer update data pointer MGG003 Product specification Fig.20 Master reads after setting word address; write word address, set RS; ‘read data’. PCF2103 family (1) Last data byte is a dummy byte (may be omitted). Philips Semiconductors Product specification LCD controllers/drivers PCF2103 family acknowledgement from PCF2103 dbook, full pagewidth S SLAVE ADDRESS S A 1 A 0 acknowledgement from master DATA BYTE A no acknowledgement from master n bytes R/W Co 1 P DATA BYTE last byte update data pointer update data pointer MGL251 Fig.21 Master reads slave immediately after first byte; read mode (RS previously defined). dbook, full pagewidth SDA t BUF tf t LOW SCL t HD;STA t HD;DAT tr t HIGH t SU;DAT SDA MGA728 t SU;STA Fig.22 I2C-bus timing diagram. 1998 May 11 31 t SU;STO Philips Semiconductors Product specification LCD controllers/drivers PCF2103 family 10 LIMITING VALUES In accordance with the Absolute Maximum Rating System (IEC 134). SYMBOL PARAMETER MIN. MAX. UNIT VDD supply voltage −0.5 +6.5 V VLCD LCD supply voltage −0.5 +7.5 V VI(1) input voltage on pins OSC, RS, R/W, E and DB7 to DB0 −0.5 VDD + 0.5 V VI(2) input voltage on pins SCL and SDA −0.5 +6.5 V VO output voltage on pins R1 to R18, C1 to C60 and VLCD −0.5 VLCD + 0.5 V II DC input current −10 +10 mA IO DC output current −10 +10 mA IDD, ISS and ILCD VDD, VSS or VLCD current −50 +50 mA Ptot total power dissipation − 400 mW P/out power dissipation per output − 100 mW Tstg storage temperature −65 +150 °C 11 HANDLING Inputs and outputs are protected against electrostatic discharge in normal handling. However, to be totally safe, it is desirable to take normal precautions appropriate to handling MOS devices (see “Handling MOS Devices”). 1998 May 11 32 Philips Semiconductors Product specification LCD controllers/drivers PCF2103 family 12 DC CHARACTERISTICS VDD = 1.8 to 5.5 V; VSS = 0 V; VLCD = 2.2 to 6.5 V; Tamb = −40 to +85 °C; unless otherwise specified. SYMBOL PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN. TYP. MAX. UNIT Supplies VDD supply voltage 1.8 − 5.5 V VLCD LCD supply voltage 2.2 − 6.5 V ISS supply current note 1 − 60 120 µA VDD = 3 V; VLCD = 5 V; notes 1 and 2 − 45 80 µA icon mode; VDD = 3 V; VLCD = 2.5 V; notes 1 and 2 − 25 45 µA power-down mode; VDD = 3 V; VLCD = 2.5 V; DB7 to DB0, RS and R/W = 1; OSC = 0; PD = 1; note 1 − 2 6 µA note 3 − 1.3 1.6 V VPOR power-on reset voltage Logic VIL LOW-level input voltage on pins T1, E, RS, R/W, DB7 to DB0 and SA0 0 − 0.3VDD V VIH HIGH-level input voltage on pins T1, E, RS, R/W, DB7 to DB0 and SA0 0.7VDD − VDD V VIL(PD) LOW-level input voltage on pin PD 0 − 0.2VDD V VIH(PD) HIGH-level input voltage on pin PD 0.8VDD − VDD V VIL(OSC) LOW-level input voltage on pin OSC 0 − VDD − 1.5 V VIH(OSC) HIGH-input voltage on pin OSC VDD − 0.1 − VDD V IOL(DB) LOW-level output current on pins DB7 to DB0 VOL = 0.4 V; VDD = 5 V 1.6 4 − mA IOH(DB) HIGH-level output current on pins DB7 to DB0 VOH = 4 V; VDD = 5 V −1 −8 − mA Ipu pull-up current on pins DB7 to DB0 VI = VSS 0.04 0.12 1 µA IL leakage current on pins OSC, E, RS, R/W, DB7 to DB0 and SA0 VI = VDD or VSS −1 − +1 µA 1998 May 11 33 Philips Semiconductors Product specification LCD controllers/drivers SYMBOL PARAMETER PCF2103 family CONDITIONS MIN. TYP. MAX. UNIT I2C-bus SDA AND SCL VIL LOW-level input voltage 0 − 0.3VDD V VIH HIGH-level input voltage 0.7VDD − 5.5 V IL input leakage current −1 − +1 µA Ci input capacitance note 4 − − 10 pF IOL LOW-level output current pin SDA VOL = 0.4 V; VDD = 5 V 3 − − mA VI = VDD or VSS LCD outputs Ro(ROW) row output resistance on pins R1 to R18 note 5 − 10 30 kΩ Ro(COL) column output resistance on pins C1 to C60 note 5 − 15 40 kΩ Vbias(tol) bias tolerance on pins R1 to R18 and C1 to C60 note 6 − 20 130 mV Notes 1. LCD outputs are open-circuit; inputs at VDD or VSS; bus inactive. 2. Tamb = 25 °C; fosc = 200 kHz. 3. Resets all logic when VDD < VPOR; 3 oscillator clock cycles required. 4. Tested on sample basis. 5. Resistance of output terminals (R1 to R18 and C1 to C60) with a load current of 20 µA; outputs measured one at a time. 6. LCD outputs open-circuit. 1998 May 11 34 Philips Semiconductors Product specification LCD controllers/drivers PCF2103 family 13 AC CHARACTERISTICS VDD = 1.8 to 5.5 V; VSS = 0 V; VLCD = 2.2 − 6.5 V; Tamb = −40 to +85 °C; unless otherwise specified. SYMBOL PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN. TYP. MAX. UNIT ffr(LCD) LCD frame frequency (internal clock) fosc oscillator frequency (not available at any pin) 140 250 450 kHz fosc(ext) external clock frequency 140 − 450 kHz tOSCST oscillator start-up time after PD going from logic 1 to logic 0 − 200 300 µs VDD = 5.0 V 45 81 147 Hz Bus timing characteristics: parallel interface; note 1 WRITE OPERATION (WRITING DATA FROM MICROCONTROLLER TO PCF2103); see Fig.23 Ten(cy) enable cycle time 500 − − ns tW(en) enable pulse width 220 − − ns tsu(A) address set-up time 50 − − ns th(A) address hold time 25 − − ns tsu(D) data set-up time 60 − − ns th(D) data hold time 25 − − ns READ OPERATION (READING DATA FROM PCF2103 TO MICROCONTROLLER); see Fig.24 Ten(cy) enable cycle time 500 − − ns tW(en) enable pulse width 220 − − ns tsu(A) address set-up time 50 − − ns th(A) address hold time 25 − − ns td(D) data delay time − − 150 ns th(D) data hold time 20 − 100 ns Timing characteristics: I2C-bus interface; note 1 fSCL SCL clock frequency − − 400 kHz tLOW SCL clock LOW period 1.3 − − µs tHIGH SCL clock HIGH period 0.6 − − µs tSU;DAT data set-up time 100 − − ns tHD;DAT data hold time 0 − − ns tr SCL and SDA rise time − − 300 ns tf SCL and SDA fall time − − 300 ns CB capacitive bus line load − − 400 pF tSU;STA set-up time for a repeated START condition 0.6 − − µs tHD;STA START condition hold time 0.6 − − µs tSU;STO set-up time for STOP condition 0.6 − − µs tSW tolerable spike width on bus − − 50 ns Note 1. All timing values are valid within the operating supply voltage and ambient temperature range and are referenced to VIL and VIH with an input voltage swing of VSS to VDD. 1998 May 11 35 Philips Semiconductors Product specification LCD controllers/drivers PCF2103 family 14 TIMING CHARACTERISTICS handbook, full pagewidth RS VIH V IL VIH VIL tsu(A) R/W th(A) V IL VIL tW(en) VIH VIL E th(A) VIH VIL VIL t h(D) tsu(D) VIH VIL DB0 to DB7 VIH VIL DATA VALID Ten(cy) MGL252 Fig.23 Parallel bus write operation sequence; writing data from microcontroller to PCF2103. handbook, full pagewidth RS VIH V IL VIH VIL tsu(A) R/W th(A) VIH VIH tW(en) E VIL VIH th(A) VIH VIL t d(D) DB0 to DB7 VIL t h(D) VOH DATA VOL VALID Ten(cy) VOH VOL MGL253 Fig.24 Parallel bus read operation sequence; reading data from PCF2103 to microcontroller. 1998 May 11 36 Philips Semiconductors Product specification LCD controllers/drivers PCF2103 family 15 APPLICATION INFORMATION handbook, full pagewidth P20 RS P21 R/W P22 E P80CL51 R17, R18 2 R1 to R16 2 × 12 CHARACTER LCD DISPLAY PLUS 120 ICONS 16 PCF2103 P17 to P10 C1 to C60 DB7 to DB0 8 60 MGL254 Fig.25 Direct connection to 8-bit microcontroller; 8-bit bus. handbook, full pagewidth P10 RS P11 R/W P12 E P80CL51 R17, R18 2 R1 to R16 2 × 12 CHARACTER LCD DISPLAY PLUS 120 ICONS 16 PCF2103 P17 to P14 C1 to C60 DB7 to DB4 4 60 MGL255 Fig.26 Direct connection to 8-bit microcontroller; 4-bit bus. handbook, full pagewidth OSC VDD 2 R1 to R16 2 × 12 CHARACTER LCD DISPLAY PLUS 120 ICONS VDD VLCD PCF2103 100 nF VSS R17, R18 16 VLCD 100 nF C1 to C60 60 VSS 8 DB7 to DB0 E RS R/W MGL256 Fig.27 Application example using parallel interface. 1998 May 11 37 Philips Semiconductors Product specification LCD controllers/drivers handbook, full pagewidth PCF2103 family VDD VDD VDD OSC VDD R17, R18 2 R1 to R16 2 × 12 CHARACTER LCD DISPLAY PLUS 120 ICONS VDD VLCD 100 nF DB3/SAO PCF2103 16 VLCD 100 nF VSS VSS C1 to C60 60 R17, R18 2 R1 to R16 1 × 24 CHARACTER LCD DISPLAY PLUS 120 ICONS SCL SDA VSS OSC VDD VDD VLCD 100 nF VSS SCL SDA DB3/SAO PCF2103 16 VLCD 100 nF C1 to C60 VSS 60 SCL SDA MASTER TRANSMITTER PCF84C81A; P80CL410 MGL257 Fig.28 Application using I2C-bus interface. 1998 May 11 38 Philips Semiconductors Product specification LCD controllers/drivers 15.1 PCF2103 family Since the display shift operation changes display position only and DDRAM contents remain unchanged, display data entered first can be displayed when the ‘return home’ operation is performed. 4-bit operation, 1-line display using internal reset The program must set functions prior to 4-bit operation; Table 11 shows an example. When power is turned on, 8-bit operation is automatically selected and the PCF2103 attempts to perform the first write as an 8-bit operation. Since nothing is connected to DB0 to DB3, a rewrite is then required. However, since one operation is completed in two accesses of 4-bit operation, a rewrite is required to set the functions (see Table 11 step 3). Thus, DB4 to DB7 of the ‘function set’ are written twice. 15.2 15.3 8-bit operation, 2-line display For a 2-line display, the cursor automatically moves from the first to the second line after the 40th digit of the first line has been written. Thus, if there are only 8 characters in the first line, the DDRAM address must be set after the eighth character is completed (see Table 6). It should be noted that both lines of the display are always shifted together; data does not shift from one line to the other. 8-bit operation, 1-line display using internal reset 15.4 Table 12 shows an example of a 1-line display in 8-bit operation. The PCF2103 functions must be set by the ‘function set’ instruction prior to display. Since the DDRAM can store data for 80 characters, the RAM can be used for advertising displays when combined with display shift operation. I2C-bus operation, 1-line display A control byte is required with most commands (see Table 15). Table 11 4-bit operation, 1-line display example; using internal reset STEP INSTRUCTION DISPLAY 1 power supply on (PCF2103 is initialized by the internal reset circuit) 2 function set 3 4 5 6 RS R/W DB7 DB6 DB5 DB4 0 0 0 0 1 0 OPERATION initialized; no display appears sets to 4-bit operation; in this instance operation is handled as 8-bit by initialization and only this instruction completes with one write function set 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 sets to 4-bit operation, selects 1-line display and VLCD = V0; 4-bit operation starts from this point and resetting is needed display on/off control 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 _ turns on display and cursor; entire display is blank after initialization _ sets mode to increment the address by 1 and to shift the cursor to the right at the time of write to the DD/CGRAM; display is not shifted P_ writes ‘P’; the DDRAM has already been selected by initialization at power-on; the cursor is incremented by 1 and shifted to the right entry mode set 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 ‘write data’ to CGRAM/DDRAM 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1998 May 11 39 This text is here in white to force landscape pages to be rotated correctly when browsing through the pdf in the Acrobat reader.This text is here in _white to force landscape pages to be rotated correctly when browsing through the pdf in the Acrobat reader.This text is here inThis text is here in white to force landscape pages to be rotated correctly when browsing through the pdf in the Acrobat reader. white to force landscape pages to be ... INSTRUCTION 1 power supply on (PCF2103 is initialized by the internal reset function) 2 function set RS 0 3 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 sets to 8-bit operation, selects 1-line display 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 _ turns on display and cursor; entire display is blank after initialization 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 _ sets mode to increment the address by 1 and to shift the cursor to the right at the time of the write to the DD/CGRAM; display is not shifted 1 0 0 0 0 P_ writes ‘P’; the DDRAM has already been selected by initialization at power-on; the cursor is incremented by 1 and shifted to the right 0 1 0 0 0 PH_ entry mode set 0 5 initialized; no display appears R/W DB7 DB6 DB5 DB4 DB3 DB2 DB1 DB0 0 0 0 ‘write data’ to CGRAM/DDRAM 1 0 0 1 0 40 6 OPERATION display mode on/off control 0 4 DISPLAY Philips Semiconductors STEP LCD controllers/drivers 1998 May 11 Table 12 8-bit operation, 1-line display example; using internal reset (character set ‘A’) ‘write data’ to CGRAM/DDRAM 1 0 0 1 0 7 to 11 writes ‘H’ | | 12 ‘write data’ to CGRAM/DDRAM 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 PHILIPS_ writes ‘S’ 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 PHILIPS_ sets mode for display shift at the time of write 0 0 0 0 0 HILIPS _ writes space 0 1 1 0 1 ILIPS writes ‘M’ 13 entry mode set 14 ‘write data’ to CGRAM/DDRAM 0 1 15 0 0 0 0 1 ‘write data’ to CGRAM/DDRAM 1 16 0 0 0 1 0 M_ | | | Product specification 0 PCF2103 family 1 This text is here in white to force landscape pages to be rotated correctly when browsing through the pdf in the Acrobat reader.This text is here in _white to force landscape pages to be rotated correctly when browsing through the pdf in the Acrobat reader.This text is here inThis text is here in white to force landscape pages to be rotated correctly when browsing through the pdf in the Acrobat reader. white to force landscape pages to be ... 17 ‘write data’ to CGRAM/DDRAM 18 cursor/display shift 1 0 19 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 MICROKO writes ‘O’ 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 MICROKO shifts only the cursor position to the left 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 MICROKO shifts only the cursor position to the left ‘write data’ to CGRAM/DDRAM 1 21 0 0 OPERATION cursor/display shift 0 20 0 DISPLAY 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 ICROKO writes ‘C’ correction; the display moves to the left 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 MICROKO shifts the display and cursor to the right 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 MICROCO_ shifts only the cursor to the right 0 1 1 0 1 ICROCOM_ writes ‘M’ cursor/display shift 0 0 0 22 cursor/display shift 23 ‘write data’ to CGRAM/DDRAM 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 24 Philips Semiconductors INSTRUCTION LCD controllers/drivers 1998 May 11 STEP | 41 | | 25 return home 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 PHILIPS M returns both display and cursor to the original position (address 0) Product specification PCF2103 family This text is here in white to force landscape pages to be rotated correctly when browsing through the pdf in the Acrobat reader.This text is here in _white to force landscape pages to be rotated correctly when browsing through the pdf in the Acrobat reader.This text is here inThis text is here in white to force landscape pages to be rotated correctly when browsing through the pdf in the Acrobat reader. white to force landscape pages to be ... INSTRUCTION 1 power supply on (PCF2103 is initialized by the internal reset function) 2 function set RS 0 3 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 sets to 8-bit operation, selects 1-line display 0 0 42 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 _ turns on display and cursor; entire display is blank after initialization 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 _ sets mode to increment the address by 1 and to shift the cursor to the right at the time of the write to the DD/CGRAM; display is not shifted 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ sets the CGRAM address to position of character 0; the CGRAM is selected 0 1 0 1 0 _ set CGRAM address 0 6 0 entry mode set 0 5 initialized; no display appears R/W DB7 DB6 DB5 DB4 DB3 DB2 DB1 DB0 0 OPERATION display mode on/off control 0 4 DISPLAY Philips Semiconductors STEP LCD controllers/drivers 1998 May 11 Table 13 8-bit operation, 1-line display and icon example; using internal reset (character set ‘A’) 0 0 1 ‘write data’ to CGRAM/DDRAM 1 0 0 0 0 7 writes data to CGRAM for icon even phase; icons appear | | 8 set CGRAM address 0 9 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 _ 0 1 0 1 0 _ sets the CGRAM address to position of character 4; the CGRAM is selected ‘write data’ to CGRAM/DDRAM 1 0 0 0 0 10 writes data to CGRAM for icon odd phase | 0 12 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 _ sets H = 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 _ icons blink 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 _ sets H = 0 icon control 0 13 0 0 function set 0 0 Product specification function set PCF2103 family | 11 This text is here in white to force landscape pages to be rotated correctly when browsing through the pdf in the Acrobat reader.This text is here in _white to force landscape pages to be rotated correctly when browsing through the pdf in the Acrobat reader.This text is here inThis text is here in white to force landscape pages to be rotated correctly when browsing through the pdf in the Acrobat reader. white to force landscape pages to be ... 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 sets the DDRAM address to the first position; DDRAM is selected 1 0 0 0 0 P_ writes ‘P’; the cursor is incremented by 1 and shifted to the right 0 1 0 0 0 PH_ writes ‘H’ ‘write data’ to CGRAM/DDRAM 1 16 OPERATION set DDRAM address 0 15 DISPLAY 0 0 1 0 ‘write data’ to CGRAM/DDRAM 1 0 0 1 0 17 to 20 | | 21 Philips Semiconductors 14 INSTRUCTION LCD controllers/drivers 1998 May 11 STEP return home 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 PHILIPS returns both display and cursor to the original position (address 0) 43 Product specification PCF2103 family This text is here in white to force landscape pages to be rotated correctly when browsing through the pdf in the Acrobat reader.This text is here in _white to force landscape pages to be rotated correctly when browsing through the pdf in the Acrobat reader.This text is here inThis text is here in white to force landscape pages to be rotated correctly when browsing through the pdf in the Acrobat reader. white to force landscape pages to be ... INSTRUCTION 1 power supply on (PCF2103 is initialized by the internal reset function) initialized; no display appears 2 function set sets to 8-bit operation; selects 2-line display and voltage generator off RS 0 3 DISPLAY R/W DB7 DB6 DB5 DB4 DB3 DB2 DB1 DB0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 display on/off control turns on display and cursor; entire display is blank after initialization _ 0 4 5 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 entry mode set 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 44 _ sets mode to increment the address by 1 and to shift the cursor to the right at the time of write to the CG/DDRAM; display is not shifted P_ writes ‘P’; the DDRAM has already been selected by initialization at power-on; the cursor is incremented by 1 and shifted to the right 0 ‘write data’ to CGRAM/DDRAM 1 OPERATION 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 6 to 10 Philips Semiconductors STEP LCD controllers/drivers 1998 May 11 Table 14 8-bit operation, 2-line display example; using internal reset | | | 11 ‘write data’ to CGRAM/DDRAM writes ‘S’ PHILIPS_ 1 12 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 set DDRAM address PHILIPS 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ ‘write data’ to CGRAM/ DDRAM writes ‘M’ 1 14 to 19 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 M_ | | | Product specification PHILIPS PCF2103 family 0 13 sets DDRAM address to position the cursor at the head of the 2nd line This text is here in white to force landscape pages to be rotated correctly when browsing through the pdf in the Acrobat reader.This text is here in _white to force landscape pages to be rotated correctly when browsing through the pdf in the Acrobat reader.This text is here inThis text is here in white to force landscape pages to be rotated correctly when browsing through the pdf in the Acrobat reader. white to force landscape pages to be ... DISPLAY ‘write data’ to CGRAM/DDRAM OPERATION writes ‘O’ PHILIPS 1 21 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 MICROCO_ ‘write data’ to CGRAM/DDRAM sets mode for display shift at the time of write PHILIPS 0 22 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 MICROCO_ ‘write data’ to CGRAM/DDRAM HILIPS 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 23 writes ‘M’; display is shifted to the left; the first and second lines shift together ICROCOM_ | Philips Semiconductors 20 INSTRUCTION LCD controllers/drivers 1998 May 11 STEP | | 24 return home PHILIPS 45 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 returns both display and cursor to the original position (address 0) MICROCOM Product specification PCF2103 family This text is here in white to force landscape pages to be rotated correctly when browsing through the pdf in the Acrobat reader.This text is here in _white to force landscape pages to be rotated correctly when browsing through the pdf in the Acrobat reader.This text is here inThis text is here in white to force landscape pages to be rotated correctly when browsing through the pdf in the Acrobat reader. white to force landscape pages to be ... INSTRUCTION 1 I2C-bus 2 slave address for write DISPLAY start initialized; no display appears SA6 SA5 SA4 SA3 SA2 SA1 SA0 R/W Ack 0 3 4 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 during the acknowledge cycle SDA will be pulled-down by the PCF2103 send a control byte for ‘function set’ Co RS 0 0 0 0 0 0 Ack 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 control byte sets RS for following data bytes function set DB7 DB6 DB5 DB4 DB3 DB2 DB1 DB0 Ack 0 5 0 1 X 0 0 0 0 selects 1-line display; SCL pulse during acknowledge cycle starts execution of instruction 1 display on/off control _ DB7 DB6 DB5 DB4 DB3 DB2 DB1 DB0 Ack 0 6 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 turns on display and cursor; entire display shows character 20H (blank in ASCII-like character sets) 1 entry mode set _ 46 DB7 DB6 DB5 DB4 DB3 DB2 DB1 DB0 Ack 0 7 OPERATION 0 0 Philips Semiconductors STEP LCD controllers/drivers 1998 May 11 Table 15 Example of I2C-bus operation; 1-line display (using internal reset, assuming SA0 = VSS; note 1) 0 0 1 1 0 sets mode to increment the address by 1 and to shift the cursor to the right at the time of write to the DDRAM or CGRAM; display is not shifted 1 I2C-bus start _ for writing data to DDRAM, RS must be set to 1; therefore a control byte is needed 8 slave address for write _ SA6 SA5 SA4 SA3 SA2 SA1 SA0 R/W Ack 0 9 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 _ RS 0 0 0 0 0 0 Ack 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 ‘write data’ to DDRAM DB7 DB6 DB5 DB4 DB3 DB2 DB1 DB0 Ack 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 P_ writes ‘P’; the DDRAM has been selected at power-up; the cursor is incremented by 1 and shifted to the right Product specification Co PCF2103 family 10 1 send a control byte for ‘write data’ This text is here in white to force landscape pages to be rotated correctly when browsing through the pdf in the Acrobat reader.This text is here in _white to force landscape pages to be rotated correctly when browsing through the pdf in the Acrobat reader.This text is here inThis text is here in white to force landscape pages to be rotated correctly when browsing through the pdf in the Acrobat reader. white to force landscape pages to be ... DISPLAY OPERATION ‘write data’ to DDRAM DB7 DB6 DB5 DB4 DB3 DB2 DB1 DB0 Ack 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 writes ‘H’ PH_ 12 to 15 | | | | 16 ‘write data’ to DDRAM DB7 DB6 DB5 DB4 DB3 DB2 DB1 DB0 Ack 0 17 18 47 19 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 writes ‘S’ 1 PHILIPS_ (optional I2C-bus stop) I2C-bus start + slave address for write (as step 8) PHILIPS_ control byte Co RS 0 0 0 0 0 0 Ack 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 PHILIPS_ return home DB7 DB6 DB5 DB4 DB3 DB2 DB1 DB0 Ack 0 0 0 0 20 I2C-bus start 21 slave address for read 0 0 1 0 1 PHILIPS 0 1 sets DDRAM address 0 in address counter (also returns shifted display to original position; DDRAM contents unchanged); this instruction does not update the Data Register (DR) PHILIPS SA6 SA5 SA4 SA3 SA2 SA1 SA0 R/W Ack 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 PHILIPS during the acknowledge cycle the content of the DR is loaded into the internal I2C-bus interface to be shifted out; in the previous instruction neither a ‘set address’ nor a ‘read data’ has been performed; therefore the content of the DR was unknown; R/W has to be set to logic 1 while still in I2C-bus write mode control byte for read RS 0 0 0 0 0 0 Ack 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 DDRAM content will be read from following instructions PHILIPS Product specification Co PCF2103 family 22 Philips Semiconductors 11 INSTRUCTION LCD controllers/drivers 1998 May 11 STEP This text is here in white to force landscape pages to be rotated correctly when browsing through the pdf in the Acrobat reader.This text is here in _white to force landscape pages to be rotated correctly when browsing through the pdf in the Acrobat reader.This text is here inThis text is here in white to force landscape pages to be rotated correctly when browsing through the pdf in the Acrobat reader. white to force landscape pages to be ... DISPLAY ‘read data’: 8 × SCL + master acknowledge; note 2 DB7 DB6 DB5 DB4 DB3 DB2 DB1 DB0 Ack X 24 X X X X X X X 0 PHILIPS 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 PHILIPS 8 × SCL; code of letter ‘H’ is read first; during master acknowledge code of ‘I’ is loaded into the I2C-bus interface ‘read data’: 8 × SCL + no master acknowledge; note 2 DB7 DB6 DB5 DB4 DB3 DB2 DB1 DB0 Ack 0 26 8 × SCL; content loaded into interface during previous acknowledge cycle is shifted out over SDA; MSB is DB7; during master acknowledge content of DDRAM address 01 is loaded into the I2C-bus interface ‘read data’: 8 × SCL + master acknowledge; note 2 DB7 DB6 DB5 DB4 DB3 DB2 DB1 DB0 Ack 25 OPERATION 1 I2C-bus stop 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 PHILIPS no master acknowledge; after the content of the I2C-bus interface register is shifted out no internal action is performed; no new data is loaded to the interface register, Data Register (DR) is not updated, Address Counter (AC) is not incremented and cursor is not shifted Philips Semiconductors 23 INSTRUCTION LCD controllers/drivers 1998 May 11 STEP PHILIPS Notes 48 1. X = don’t care. 2. SDA is left at high-impedance by the microcontroller during the read acknowledge. Product specification PCF2103 family This text is here in white to force landscape pages to be rotated correctly when browsing through the pdf in the Acrobat reader.This text is here in _white to force landscape pages to be rotated correctly when browsing through the pdf in the Acrobat reader.This text is here inThis text is here in white to force landscape pages to be rotated correctly when browsing through the pdf in the Acrobat reader. white to force landscape pages to be ... DESCRIPTION power-on or unknown state | wait 2 ms after VDD rises above VPOR | RS R/W DB7 DB6 DB5 DB4 DB3 DB2 DB1 0 0 0 0 1 1 X X X DB0 BF cannot be checked before this instruction X function set (interface is 8 bits long) | wait 2 ms | RS R/W DB7 DB6 DB5 DB4 DB3 DB2 DB1 0 0 0 0 1 1 X X X DB4 DB3 DB2 DB1 1 X X X Philips Semiconductors STEP LCD controllers/drivers 1998 May 11 Table 16 Initialization by instruction, 8-bit interface (note 1) DB0 BF cannot be checked before this instruction X function set (interface is 8 bits long) | wait more than 40 µs | 49 RS R/W DB7 DB6 DB5 0 0 0 0 1 DB0 BF cannot be checked before this instruction X | function set (interface is 8 bits long) BF can be checked after the following instructions; when BF is not checked, the waiting time between instructions is the specified instruction time (see Table 4) | RS R/W DB7 DB6 DB5 DB4 DB3 DB2 DB1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 M 0 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 display off 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 clear display 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 I/D S entry mode set Initialization ends 1. X = don’t care. Product specification Note PCF2103 family | DB0 function set (interface is 8 bits long); specify the number of display lines This text is here in white to force landscape pages to be rotated correctly when browsing through the pdf in the Acrobat reader.This text is here in _white to force landscape pages to be rotated correctly when browsing through the pdf in the Acrobat reader.This text is here inThis text is here in white to force landscape pages to be rotated correctly when browsing through the pdf in the Acrobat reader. white to force landscape pages to be ... DESCRIPTION Power-on or unknown state | Wait 2 ms after VDD rises above VPOR | RS R/W DB7 DB6 DB5 DB4 0 0 0 0 1 1 DB6 DB5 DB4 0 1 1 BF cannot be checked before this instruction function set (interface is 8 bits long) | Wait 2 ms | RS R/W DB7 0 0 0 Philips Semiconductors STEP LCD controllers/drivers 1998 May 11 Table 17 Initialization by instruction, 4-bit interface; not applicable for I2C-bus operation BF cannot be checked before this instruction function set (interface is 8 bits long) | Wait 40 µs | 50 RS R/W DB7 DB6 DB5 DB4 0 0 0 0 1 1 | BF cannot be checked before this instruction function set (interface is 8 bits long) BF can be checked after the following instructions; when BF is not checked, the waiting time between instructions is the specified instruction time (see Table 4) RS R/W DB7 DB6 DB5 DB4 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 function set (interface is 4 bits long) 0 0 0 M 0 H specify number of display lines 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 display off 0 0 0 0 0 0 clear display 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 I/D S entry mode set Product specification Initialization ends interface is 8 bits long PCF2103 family | function set (set interface to 4 bits long) Philips Semiconductors Product specification LCD controllers/drivers PCF2103 family 78 77 76 75 74 73 72 71 70 ≈ 3.18 mm C27(dummy) C27 C26 C25 C24 C23 C22 C21 C20 C19 C18 C17 C16 C15 C14 C13 C12 79 80 C1 81 R8 82 R7 83 R6 84 R5 85 R4 86 R3 87 R2 88 R1 89 R17 90 SCL 91 SDA 92 PCF2103-2 C2 69 68 67 66 65 64 63 62 61 60 59 58 57 56 55 54 53 52 ROM xxx C2(dummy) C11 C10 C9 C8 C7 C6 C5 C4 C3(dummy) handbook, full pagewidth C3 16 BONDING PAD LOCATIONS x 0 0 y 51 C28(dummy) 50 C28 49 C29 48 C30 47 C31 46 C32 45 C33 44 C34 43 C35 42 C36 41 C37 40 C38 39 C39 38 C40 37 C41 36 C42 35 C43 34 C44 33 C45 32 C46 31 C47 30 C48 29 C49 DB7 96 DB6 97 DB5 98 DB4 99 DB3 100 DB2 101 28 C50 DB1 102 27 C51 DB0 103 26 C52 DB0(dummy) 104 25 C52(dummy) Fig.29 Bonding pad locations. 1998 May 11 51 C53 C54 C55 C56 C57 C58 C53(dummy) ≈ 2.99 mm C59 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 C60 8 R18 7 R16 6 R15 5 R14 4 R13 3 R12 2 VLCD 1 VDD OSC VDD(dummy) 105 R11 95 R9 R/W R10 94 VSS RS T1 93 PD E MGL258 Philips Semiconductors Product specification LCD controllers/drivers PCF2103 family Table 18 Bonding pad locations (dimensions in µm). All x/y coordinates are referenced to centre of chip (see Fig.29) SYMBOL PAD X SYMBOL Y PAD X Y VDD (dummy) 105 −1228 −1414 C40 38 1344 −2 VDD 1 −1048 −1414 C39 39 1344 88 OSC 2 −958 −1414 C38 40 1344 178 PD 3 −868 −1414 C37 41 1344 268 T1 4 −778 −1414 C36 42 1344 358 VSS 5 −688 −1414 C35 43 1344 448 VLCD 6 −516 −1414 C34 44 1344 538 R9 7 −349 −1414 C33 45 1344 628 R10 8 −259 −1414 C32 46 1344 718 R11 9 −169 −1414 C31 47 1344 808 R12 10 −79 −1414 C30 48 1344 898 R13 11 11 −1414 C29 49 1344 1070 R14 12 101 −1414 C28 50 1344 1160 R15 13 191 −1414 C28 (dummy) 51 1344 1250 R16 14 281 −1414 C27 (dummy) 52 1262 1414 R18 15 371 −1414 C27 53 1172 1414 C60 16 461 −1414 C26 54 1082 1414 C59 17 551 −1414 C25 55 992 1414 C58 18 641 −1414 C24 56 902 1414 57 805 1414 C57 19 731 −1414 C23 C56 20 821 −1414 C22 58 715 1414 C55 21 911 −1414 C21 59 625 1414 60 535 1414 C54 22 1001 −1414 C20 C53 23 1091 −1414 C19 61 445 1414 C53 (dummy) 24 1181 −1414 C18 62 355 1414 C52 (dummy) 25 1344 −1254 C17 63 265 1414 C52 26 1344 −1164 C16 64 175 1414 C51 27 1344 −1074 C15 65 85 1414 C50 28 1344 −948 C14 66 −5 1414 C49 29 1344 −812 C13 67 −95 1414 C48 30 1344 −722 C12 68 −185 1414 C47 31 1344 −632 C11 69 −275 1414 C46 32 1344 −542 C10 70 −446 1414 C45 33 1344 −452 C9 71 −536 1414 C44 34 1344 −362 C8 72 −626 1414 73 −716 1414 C43 35 1344 −272 C7 C42 36 1344 −182 C6 74 −806 1414 C41 37 1344 −92 C5 75 −896 1414 1998 May 11 52 Philips Semiconductors Product specification LCD controllers/drivers SYMBOL PAD PCF2103 family X Table 19 Bump specifications Y C4 76 −986 1414 C3 77 −1076 1414 Bump variant N − C3 (dummy) 78 −1166 1414 Type − C2 (dummy) 79 −1344 1303 galvanic; pure aurum C2 80 −1344 1213 Bump width 60 ±6 µm 90 ±6 µm PARAMETER SPECIFICATION UNIT C1 81 −1344 1123 Bump length R8 82 −1344 1033 Bump height 17.5 ±5 µm R7 83 −1344 943 <2 µm R6 84 −1344 853 Height difference in one die R5 85 −1344 763 Convex deformation <5 µm R4 86 −1344 673 Pad size; aluminium 80 × 100 µm R3 87 −1344 583 R2 88 −1344 493 R1 89 −1344 403 R17 90 −1344 313 SCL 91 −1344 131 SDA 92 −1344 −9 E 93 −1344 −195 RS 94 −1344 −289 RW 95 −1344 −382 DB7 96 −1344 −476 DB6 97 −1344 −572 DB5 98 −1344 −668 DB4 99 −1344 −765 DB3 100 −1344 −861 DB2 101 −1344 −957 DB1 102 −1344 −1054 DB0 103 −1344 −1150 DB0 (dummy) 104 −1344 −1240 Rec. Pat. C1 1335 −1405 Rec. Pat. C2 −1335 1405 Rec. Pat. F −1340 −1397 1998 May 11 Passivation opening CBB 46 × 76 53 µm Wafer thickness 380 ±25 µm Minimum pitch 90 µm Philips Semiconductors Product specification LCD controllers/drivers PCF2103 family 17 DEFINITIONS Data sheet status Objective specification This data sheet contains target or goal specifications for product development. Preliminary specification This data sheet contains preliminary data; supplementary data may be published later. Product specification This data sheet contains final product specifications. Limiting values Limiting values given are in accordance with the Absolute Maximum Rating System (IEC 134). Stress above one or more of the limiting values may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only and operation of the device at these or at any other conditions above those given in the Characteristics sections of the specification is not implied. Exposure to limiting values for extended periods may affect device reliability. Application information Where application information is given, it is advisory and does not form part of the specification. 18 LIFE SUPPORT APPLICATIONS These products are not designed for use in life support appliances, devices, or systems where malfunction of these products can reasonably be expected to result in personal injury. Philips customers using or selling these products for use in such applications do so at their own risk and agree to fully indemnify Philips for any damages resulting from such improper use or sale. 19 PURCHASE OF PHILIPS I2C COMPONENTS Purchase of Philips I2C components conveys a license under the Philips’ I2C patent to use the components in the I2C system provided the system conforms to the I2C specification defined by Philips. This specification can be ordered using the code 9398 393 40011. 1998 May 11 54 Philips Semiconductors Product specification LCD controllers/drivers PCF2103 family NOTES 1998 May 11 55 Philips Semiconductors – a worldwide company Argentina: see South America Australia: 34 Waterloo Road, NORTH RYDE, NSW 2113, Tel. +61 2 9805 4455, Fax. +61 2 9805 4466 Austria: Computerstr. 6, A-1101 WIEN, P.O. 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No. 5, 80640 GÜLTEPE/ISTANBUL, Tel. +90 212 279 2770, Fax. +90 212 282 6707 Ukraine: PHILIPS UKRAINE, 4 Patrice Lumumba str., Building B, Floor 7, 252042 KIEV, Tel. +380 44 264 2776, Fax. +380 44 268 0461 United Kingdom: Philips Semiconductors Ltd., 276 Bath Road, Hayes, MIDDLESEX UB3 5BX, Tel. +44 181 730 5000, Fax. +44 181 754 8421 United States: 811 East Arques Avenue, SUNNYVALE, CA 94088-3409, Tel. +1 800 234 7381 Uruguay: see South America Vietnam: see Singapore Yugoslavia: PHILIPS, Trg N. Pasica 5/v, 11000 BEOGRAD, Tel. +381 11 625 344, Fax.+381 11 635 777 For all other countries apply to: Philips Semiconductors, International Marketing & Sales Communications, Building BE-p, P.O. Box 218, 5600 MD EINDHOVEN, The Netherlands, Fax. +31 40 27 24825 Internet: http://www.semiconductors.philips.com © Philips Electronics N.V. 1998 SCA60 All rights are reserved. Reproduction in whole or in part is prohibited without the prior written consent of the copyright owner. The information presented in this document does not form part of any quotation or contract, is believed to be accurate and reliable and may be changed without notice. No liability will be accepted by the publisher for any consequence of its use. Publication thereof does not convey nor imply any license under patent- or other industrial or intellectual property rights. Printed in The Netherlands 415106/1200/01/pp56 Date of release: 1998 May 11 Document order number: 9397 750 02649