Features • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Two Different IF Receiving Bandwidth Versions Are Available (BIF = 300 kHz or 600 kHz) 5 V to 20 V Automotive Compatible Data Interface IC Condition Indicator, Sleep or Active Mode Low Power Consumption Due to Configurable Self Polling with a Programmable Timeframe Check High Sensitivity, Especially at Low Data Rates Data Clock Available for Manchester- and Bi-phase-coded Signals Minimal External Circuitry Requirements, no RF Components on the PC Board Except Matching to the Receiver Antenna Sensitivity Reduction Possible Even While Receiving Fully Integrated VCO SO20 Package Supply Voltage 4.5 V to 5.5 V, Operating Temperature Range -40°C to +105°C Single-ended RF Input for Easy Adaptation to λ/4 Antenna or Printed Antenna on PCB Low-cost Solution Due to High Integration Level ESD Protection According to MIL-STD. 883 (4KV HBM) High Image Frequency Suppression Due to 1 MHz IF in Conjunction with a SAW Frontend Filter. Up to 40 dB is Thereby Achievable With State-of-the-art SAWs. Communication to Microcontroller Possible Via a Single, Bi-directional Data Line Power Management (Polling) Is Also Possible by Means of a Separate Pin Via the Microcontroller Programmable Digital Noise Suppression UHF ASK/FSK Receiver T5743 Preliminary Description The T5743 is a multi-chip PLL receiver device supplied in an SO20 package. It has been especially developed for the demands of RF low-cost data transmission systems with data rates from 1 kBaud to 10 kBaud in Manchester or Bi-phase code. The receiver is well suited to operate with Atmel's PLL RF transmitter U2741B. Its main applications are in the areas of telemetering, security technology and keyless-entry systems. It can be used in the frequency receiving range of f0 = 300 MHz to 450 MHz for ASK or FSK data transmission. All the statements made below refer to 433.92 MHz and 315 MHz applications. System Block Diagram Figure 1. System Block Diagram UHF ASK/FSK Remote control receiver UHF ASK/FSK Remote control transmitter T5743 U2741B Demod. XTO Control 1...5 µC PLL IF Amp Antenna Antenna VCO Power amp. PLL LNA XTO VCO Rev. 4569A–RKE–12/02 1 Pin Configuration Figure 2. Pinning SO20 SENS 1 20 DATA IC_ACTIVE 2 19 POLLING/_ON CDEM 3 18 DGND AVCC 4 17 DATA_CLK TEST 5 16 MODE AGND 6 15 DVCC MIXVCC 7 14 XTO LNAGND 8 13 LFGND LNA_IN 9 12 LF n.c. 10 11 LFVCC T5743 Pin Description 2 Pin Symbol 1 SENS 2 IC_ACTIVE 3 CDEM Lower cut-off frequency data filter 4 AVCC Analog power supply 5 TEST Test pin, during operation at GND 6 AGND Analog ground 7 MIXVCC 8 LNAGND 9 LNA_IN 10 n.c. 11 LFVCC 12 LF 13 LFGND 14 XTO Function Sensitivity-control resistor IC condition indicator Low = sleep mode High = active mode Power supply mixer High-frequency ground LNA and mixer RF input Not connected Power supply VCO Loop filter Ground VCO Crystal oscillator T5743 4569A–RKE–12/02 T5743 Pin Description (Continued) Pin Symbol 15 DVCC Digital power supply 16 MODE Selecting 433.92 MHz/315 MHz Low: fXT0 = 4.90625 MHz (USA) High: fXT0 = 6.76438 MHz (Europe) 17 DATA_CLK 18 DGND 19 POLLING/_ON 20 DATA Function Bit clock of data stream Digital ground Selects polling or receiving mode Low: receiving mode High: polling mode Data output/configuration input Figure 3. Block Diagram FSK/ASKDemodulator and data filter CDEM RSSI AVCC Dem_out Data interface DATA Limiter out POLLING/_ON SENS IF Amp Sensitivity reduction Polling circuit and control logic AGND TEST DATA_CLK MODE 4. Order DGND FE CLK DVCC IC_ACTIVE LPF 3 MHz MIXVCC Standby logic LFGND LNAGND LFVCC IF Amp LPF 3 MHz VCO XTO XTO f LNA_IN LNA LF 64 3 4569A–RKE–12/02 RF Front-end The RF front-end of the receiver is a heterodyne configuration that converts the input signal into a 1 MHz IF signal. According to Figure 3, the front-end consists of an LNA (low-noise amplifier), LO (local oscillator), a mixer and an RF amplifier. The LO generates the carrier frequency for the mixer via a PLL synthesizer. The XTO (crystal oscillator) generates the reference frequency fXTO. The VCO (voltage-controlled oscillator) generates the drive voltage frequency fLO for the mixer. fLO is dependent on the voltage at Pin LF. fLO is divided by factor 64. The divided frequency is compared to fXTO by the phase frequency detector. The current output of the phase frequency detector is connected to a passive loop filter and thereby generates the control voltage VLF for the VCO. By means of that configuration VLF is controlled in a way that fLO/64 is equal to fXTO. If fLO is determined, fXTO can be calculated using the following formula: fXTO = fLO/64. The XTO is a one-pin oscillator that operates at the series resonance of the quartz crystal. According to Figure 4, the crystal should be connected to GND via a capacitor CL. The value of that capacitor is recommended by the crystal supplier. The value of CL should be optimized for the individual board layout to achieve the exact value of fXTO and hereby of fLO. When designing the system in terms of receiving bandwidth, the accuracy of the crystal and the XTO must be considered. Figure 4. PLL Peripherals VS DVCC CL XTO R1 = 820 W C9 = 4.7 nF C10 = 1 nF LFGND LF LFVCC VS R1 C10 C9 The passive loop filter connected to Pin LF is designed for a loop bandwidth of BLoop = 100 kHz. This value for BLoop exhibits the best possible noise performance of the LO. Figure 4 shows the appropriate loop filter components to achieve the desired loop bandwidth. If the filter components are changed for any reason please notify that the maximum capacitive load at Pin LF is limited. If the capacitive load is exceeded, a bit check may no longer be possible since fLO cannot settle in time before the bit check starts to evaluate the incoming data stream. Self polling does therefore also not work in that case. fLO is determined by the RF input frequency fRF and the IF frequency fIF using the following formula: fLO = fRF - fIF To determine fLO, the construction of the IF filter must be considered at this point. The nominal IF frequency is fIF = 1 MHz. To achieve a good accuracy of the filter’s corner frequencies, the filter is tuned by the crystal frequency fXTO. This means that there is a fixed relation between fIF and fLO. This relation is dependent on the logic level at Pin MODE. 4 T5743 4569A–RKE–12/02 T5743 This is described by the following formulas: f LO MODE = 0 (USA) : f IF = ---------314 f LO MODE = 1 (Europe) : f IF = -----------------432.92 The relation is designed to achieve the nominal IF frequency of fIF = 1 MHz for most applications. For applications where fRF = 315 MHz, MODE must be set to ‘0’. In the case of fRF = 433.92 MHz, MODE must be set to ‘1’. For other RF frequencies, fIF is not equal to 1 MHz. fIF is then dependent on the logical level at Pin MODE and on fRF. Table 1 summarizes the different conditions. The RF input either from an antenna or from a generator must be transformed to the RF input Pin LNA_IN. The input impedance of that pin is provided in the electrical parameters. The parasitic board inductances and capacitances also influence the input matching. The RF receiver T5743 exhibits its highest sensitivity at the best signal-tonoise ratio in the LNA. Hence, noise matching is the best choice for designing the transformation network. A good practice when designing the network is to start with power matching. From that starting point, the values of the components can be varied to some extent to achieve the best sensitivity. If a SAW is implemented into the input network a mirror frequency suppression of DP Ref = 40 dB can be achieved. There are SAWs available that exhibit a notch at Df = 2 MHz. These SAWs work best for an intermediate frequency of fIF = 1 MHz. The selectivity of the receiver is also improved by using a SAW. In typical automotive applications, a SAW is used. Figure 5 shows a typical input matching network, for f RF = 315 MHz and f R F = 433.92 MHz using a SAW. Figure 6 illustrates an according input matching to 50 W without a SAW. The input matching networks shown in Figure 6 are the reference networks for the parameters given in the electrical characteristics. Table 1. Calculation of LO and IF Frequency Conditions Local Oscillator Frequency Intermediate Frequency fRF = 315 MHz, MODE = 0 fLO = 314 MHz fIF = 1 MHz fRF = 433.92 MHz, MODE = 1 fLO = 432.92 MHz fIF = 1 MHz 300 MHz < fRF < 365 MHz, MODE = 0 365 MHz < fRF < 450 MHz, MODE = 1 f RF f LO = ------------------1 1 + ---------314 f LO f IF = ---------314 f RF f LO = ---------------------------1 1 + -----------------432.92 f LO f IF = -----------------432.92 5 4569A–RKE–12/02 Figure 5. Input Matching Network with SAW Filter 8 8 LNAGND LNAGND T5743 9 C3 L 22p 25n C16 33n C2 1 OUT OUT_GND IN_GND CASE_GND 3,4 7,8 8.2p 47p 25n LNA_IN C16 100p TOKO LL2012 F27NJ B3555 IN 2 L 8.2p L3 27n L2 TOKO LL2012 F33NJ 9 C3 C17 100p fRF = 433.92 MHz RFIN T5743 LNA_IN 5 fRF = 315 MHz 6 82n C2 L3 47n L2 TOKO LL2012 F82NJ RFIN C17 1 2 10p B3551 IN 22p TOKO LL2012 F47NJ OUT OUT_GND IN_GND CASE_GND 3,4 7,8 5 6 Figure 6. Input Matching Network without SAW Filter fRF = 433.92 MHz 8 LNAGND fRF = 315 MHz 8 T5743 9 25n 15p RFIN 9 LNA_IN 25n 33p LNAGND T5743 LNA_IN RFIN 3.3p 100p 22n TOKO LL2012 F22NJ 3.3p 100p 39n TOKO LL2012 F39NJ Please notify that for all coupling conditions (see Figure 5 and Figure 6), the bond wire inductivity of the LNA ground is compensated. C3 forms a series resonance circuit together with the bond wire. L = 25 nH is a feed inductor to establish a DC path. Its value is not critical but must be large enough not to detune the series resonance circuit. For cost reduction this inductor can be easily printed on the PCB. This configuration improves the sensitivity of the receiver by about 1 dB to 2 dB. 6 T5743 4569A–RKE–12/02 T5743 Analog Signal Processing IF Amplifier The signals coming from the RF front-end are filtered by the fully integrated 4th-order IF filter. The IF center frequency is fIF = 1 MHz for applications where fRF = 315 MHz or fRF = 433.92 MHz is used. For other RF input frequencies refer to Table 1 to determine the center frequency. The T5743 is available with two different IF bandwidths. T5743P3, the version with BIF = 300 kHz, is well suited for ASK systems where Atmel’s PLL transmitter U2741B is used. The receiver T5743P6 employs an IF bandwidth of BIF = 600 kHz. Both versions can be used together with the U2741B in ASK and FSK mode. If used in ASK applications, it allows higher tolerances for the receiver and PLL transmitter crystals. SAW transmitters exhibit much higher transmit freqeuncy tolerances compared to PLL transmitters. Generally, it is necessary to use BIF = 600 kHz together with such transmitters. RSSI Amplifier The subsequent RSSI amplifier enhances the output signal of the IF amplifier before it is fed into the demodulator. The dynamic range of this amplifier is DRRSSI = 60 dB. If the RSSI amplifier is operated within its linear range, the best S/N ratio is maintained in ASK mode. If the dynamic range is exceeded by the transmitter signal, the S/N ratio is defined by the ratio of the maximum RSSI output voltage and the RSSI output voltage due to a disturber. The dynamic range of the RSSI amplifier is exceeded if the RF input signal is about 60 dB higher compared to the RF input signal at full sensitivity. In FSK mode the S/N ratio is not affected by the dynamic range of the RSSI amplifier. The output voltage of the RSSI amplifier is internally compared to a threshold voltage VTh_red. VTh_red is determined by the value of the external resistor RSens. RSens is connected between Pin SENS and GND or VS. The output of the comparator is fed into the digital control logic. By this means it is possible to operate the receiver at a lower sensitivity. If RSens is connected to GND, the receiver operates at full sensitivity. If RSens is connected to VS, the receiver operates at a lower sensitivity. The reduced sensitivity is defined by the value of RSens, the maximum sensitivity by the signal-to-noise ratio of the LNA input. The reduced sensitivity depends on the signal strength at the output of the RSSI amplifier. Since different RF input networks may exhibit slightly different values for the LNA gain, the sensitivity values given in the electrical characteristics refer to a specific input matching. This matching is illustrated in Figure 6 and exhibits the best possible sensitivity. R Sens can be connected to V S or GND via a microcontroller. The receiver can be switched from full sensitivity to reduced sensitivity or vice versa at any time. In polling mode, the receiver will not wake up if the RF input signal does not exceed the selected sensitivity. If the receiver is already active, the data stream at Pin DATA will disappear when the input signal is lower than defined by the reduced sensitivity. Instead of the data stream, the pattern according to Figure 7 is issued at Pin DATA to indicate that the receiver is still active (see also figure 34). Figure 7. Steady L State Limited DATA Output Pattern DATA t DATA_min t DATA_L_max 7 4569A–RKE–12/02 FSK/ASK Demodulator and Data Filter The signal coming from the RSSI amplifier is converted into the raw data signal by the ASK/FSK demodulator. The operating mode of the demodulator is set via the bit ASK/_FSK in the OPMODE register. Logic ‘L’ sets the demodulator to FSK, applying ‘H’ to ASK mode. In ASK mode, an automatic threshold control circuit (ATC) is used to set the detection reference voltage to a value where a good signal-to-noise ratio is achieved. This circuit effectively suppresses any kind of inband noise signals or competing transmitters. If the S/N (ratio to suppress inband noise signals) exceeds 10 dB, the data signal can be detected properly. The FSK demodulator is intended to be used for an FSK deviation of 10 kHz £ Df £ 100 kHz. In FSK mode the data signal can be detected if the S/N (ratio to suppress inband noise signals) exceeds 2 dB. This value is guaranteed for all modulation schemes of a disturber signal. The output signal of the demodulator is filtered by the data filter before it is fed into the digital signal processing circuit. The data filter improves the S/N ratio as its passband can be adopted to the characteristics of the data signal. The data filter consists of a 1st-order highpass and a 2nd-order lowpass filter. The highpass filter cut-off frequency is defined by an external capacitor connected to Pin CDEM. The cut-off frequency of the highpass filter is defined by the following formula: 1 fcu_DF = ----------------------------------------------------------2 ´ p ´ 30 kW ´ CDEM In self-polling mode, the data filter must settle very rapidly to achieve a low current consumption. Therefore, CDEM cannot be increased to very high values if self-polling is used. On the other hand, CDEM must be large enough to meet the data filter requirements according to the data signal. Recommended values for CDEM are given in the electrical characteristics. The cut-off frequency of the lowpass filter is defined by the selected baud-rate range (BR_Range). The BR_Range is defined in the OPMODE register (refer to section ‘Configuration of the Receiver’). The BR_Range must be set in accordance to the used baud rate. The T5743 is designed to operate with data coding where the DC level of the data signal is 50%. This is valid for Manchester and Bi-phase coding. If other modulation schemes are used, the DC level should always remain within the range of V DC_min = 33% and VDC_max = 66%. The sensitivity may be reduced by up to 2 dB in that condition. Each BR_Range is also defined by a minimum and a maximum edge-to-edge time (tee_sig). These limits are defined in the electrical characteristics. They should not be exceeded to maintain full sensitivity of the receiver. Receiving Characteristics 8 The RF receiver T5743 can be operated with and without a SAW front-end filter. In a typical automotive application, a SAW filter is used to achieve better selectivity. The selectivity with and without a SAW front-end filter is illustrated in Figure 8. This example relates to ASK mode and the 300-kHz bandwidth version of the T5743. FSK mode and the 600-kHz bandwidth version of the receiver exhibits similar behavior. Note that the mirror frequency is reduced by 40 dB. The plots are printed relatively to the maximum sensitivity. If a SAW filter is used, an insertion loss of about 4 dB must be considered. T5743 4569A–RKE–12/02 T5743 Figure 8. Receiving Frequency Response 0.0 -10.0 without SAW -20.0 -30.0 dP (dB) -40.0 -50.0 -60.0 -70.0 -80.0 with SAW -90.0 -100.0 -6.0 -5.0 -4.0 -3.0 -2.0 -1.0 0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 df (MHz) When designing the system in terms of receiving bandwidth, the LO deviation must be considered as it also determines the IF center frequency. The total LO deviation is calculated to be the sum of the deviation of the crystal and the XTO deviation of the T5743. Low-cost crystals are specified to be within ±100 ppm. The XTO deviation of the T5743 is an additional deviation due to the XTO circuit. This deviation is specified to be ±30 ppm. If a crystal of ±100 ppm is used, the total deviation is ±130 ppm in that case. Note that the receiving bandwidth and the IF-filter bandwidth are equivalent in ASK mode but not in FSK mode. Polling Circuit and Control Logic The receiver is designed to consume less than 1 mA while being sensitive to signals from a corresponding transmitter. This is achieved via the polling circuit. This circuit enables the signal path periodically for a short time. During this time the bit-check logic verifies the presence of a valid transmitter signal. Only if a valid signal is detected the receiver remains active and transfers the data to the connected microcontroller. If there is no valid signal present the receiver is in sleep mode most of the time resulting in low current consumption. This condition is called polling mode. A connected microcontroller is disabled during that time. All relevant parameters of the polling logic can be configured by the connected microcontroller. This flexibility enables the user to meet the specifications in terms of current consumption, system response time, data rate etc. Regarding the number of connection wires to the microcontroller, the receiver is very flexible. It can be either operated by a single bi-directional line to save ports to the connected microcontroller or it can be operated by up to five uni-directional ports. Basic Clock Cycle of the Digital Circuitry The complete timing of the digital circuitry and the analog filtering is derived from one clock. According to Figure 9, this clock cycle TClk is derived from the crystal oscillator (XTO) in combination with a divider. The division factor is controlled by the logical state at Pin MODE. According to section “RF Front-end”, the frequency of the crystal oscillator (fXTO) is defined by the RF input signal (fRFin) which also defines the operating frequency of the local oscillator (fLO). 9 4569A–RKE–12/02 Figure 9. Generation of the Basic Clock Cycle T Clk MODE Divider :14/:10 f XTO 16 L : USA(:10) H: Europe(:14) DVCC 15 XTO XTO 14 Pin MODE can now be set in accordance with the desired clock cycle TClk. TClk controls the following application relevant parameters: • Timing of the polling circuit including bit check • Timing of the analog and digital signal processing • Timing of the register programming • Frequency of the reset marker • IF filter center frequency (fIF0) Most applications are dominated by two transmission frequencies: fSend = 315 MHz is mainly used in USA, fSend = 433.92 MHz in Europe. In order to ease the usage of all TClkdependent parameters on this electrical characteristics display three conditions for each parameter. • Application USA (fXTO = 4.90625 MHz, MODE = L, TClk = 2.0383 µs) • Application Europe (fXTO = 6.76438 MHz, MODE = H, TClk = 2.0697 µs) • Other applications (TClk is dependent on fXTO and on the logical state of Pin MODE. The electrical characteristic is given as a function of TClk). The clock cycle of some function blocks depends on the selected baud-rate range (BR_Range) which is defined in the OPMODE register. This clock cycle TXClk is defined by the following formulas for further reference: BR_Range = BR_Range0: BR_Range1: BR_Range2: BR_Range3: Polling Mode 10 TXClk = 8 ´ TClk TXClk = 4 ´ TClk TXClk = 2 ´ TClk TXClk = 1 ´ TClk According to Figure 10, the receiver stays in polling mode in a continuous cycle of three different modes. In sleep mode the signal processing circuitry is disabled for the time period TSleep while consuming low current of IS = ISoff. During the start-up period, TStartup, all signal processing circuits are enabled and settled. In the following bit-check mode, the incoming data stream is analyzed bit by bit contra a valid transmitter signal. If no valid signal is present, the receiver is set back to sleep mode after the period TBit-check. This period varies check by check as it is a statistical process. An average value for TBit-check is given in the electrical characteristics. During TStartup and TBit-check the current consumption is IS = ISon. The condition of the receiver is indicated on Pin IC_ACTIVE. The average current consumption in polling mode is dependent on the duty cycle of the active mode and can be calculated as: T5743 4569A–RKE–12/02 T5743 I Soff ´ T Sleep + I Son ´ ( T Startup + T Bit-check ) I Spoll = -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------T Sleep + T Startup + T Bit-check During TSleep and TStartup the receiver is not sensitive to a transmitter signal. To guarantee the reception of a transmitted command the transmitter must start the telegram with an adequate preburst. The required length of the preburst depends on the polling parameters TSleep, TStartup, TBit-check and the start-up time of a connected microcontroller (TStart,µC). Thus, TBit-check depends on the actual bit rate and the number of bits (NBit-check) to be tested. The following formula indicates how to calculate the preburst length. TPreburst ³ TSleep + TStartup + TBit-check + TStart_µC Sleep Mode The length of period TSleep is defined by the 5-bit word Sleep of the OPMODE register, the extension factor XSleep (according to Table 9), and the basic clock cycle TClk. It is calculated to be: TSleep = Sleep ´ XSleep ´ 1024 ´ TClk In US- and European applications, the maximum value of TSleep is about 60 ms if XSleep is set to 1. The time resolution is about 2 ms in that case. The sleep time can be extended to almost half a second by setting XSleep to 8. XSleep can be set to 8 by bit XSleepStd to 1. According to Table 8, the highest register value of sleep sets the receiver into a permanent sleep condition. The receiver remains in that condition until another value for Sleep is programmed into the OPMODE register. This function is desirable where several devices share a single data line and may also be used for microcontroller polling — via Pin POLLING/_ON, the receiver can be switched on and off. 11 4569A–RKE–12/02 Figure 10. Polling Mode Flow Chart Sleep mode: All circuits for signal processing are disabled. Only XTO and Polling logic is enabled. Output level on Pin IC_ACTIVE => low IS = ISoff TSleep = Sleep ´ XSleep ´ 1024 TClk Clk Sleep: Sleep: XSleep: XSleep: :: TTClk Clk Start-up mode: The signal processing circuits are )) enabled. After the start-up time (TStartup Startup all circuits are in stable condition and ready to receive. Output level on Pin IC_ACTIVE => high IS = ISon :: TTStartup Startup 5-bit 5-bit word word defined defined by by Sleep0 Sleep0 to to Sleep4 Sleep4 in in OPMODE OPMODE register register Extension Extension factor factor defined defined by by according XSleep according to to Table Table 99 XSleepStd Std Basic Basic clock clock cycle cycle defined defined by by ffXTO XTO and and Pin Pin MODE MODE Is Is defined defined by by the the selected selected baud baud rate rate range and TClk. TClk. The Thebaud-rate baud-raterange rangeisis defined defined by by Baud0 Baud0 and and Baud1 Baud1 in in the the OPMODE OPMODE register. register. TStartup Bit-check mode: The incomming data stream is analyzed. If the timing indicates a valid transmitter signal, the receiver is set to receiving mode. Otherwise it is set to Sleep mode. Output level on Pin IC_ACTIVE => high IS = ISon TBit-check NO Bit-check OK ? YES Receiving mode: The receiver is turned on permanently and passes the data stream to the connected microcontroller. mC. It can be set to Sleep mode through an OFF command via Pin DATA or POLLING/_ON. Output level on Pin IC_ACTIVE => high IS = ISon OFF command 12 TTBit-check :: Bit-check Depends Depends on on the the result result of of the the bit bit check. check. depends IfIf the depends on on the the the bit bit check check is is ok, ok, TTBit-check Bit-check number ) and on number of of bits bits to to be be checked checked (N (NBit-check ) and on Bit-check the the utilized utilized data data rate. rate. IfIf the the bit bit check check fails, fails, the the average average time time period period for for that that check check depends depends on on the the selected selected baudbaud.. The rate The baud-rate baud-rate range range is is rate range range and and on on TTClk Clk defined defined by by Baud0 Baud0 and and Baud1 Baud1 in in the the OPMODE OPMODE register register T5743 4569A–RKE–12/02 T5743 Figure 11. Timing Diagram for Complete Successful Bit Check ( Number of checked Bits: 3 ) Bit check ok IC_ACTIVE Bit check 1/2 Bit 1/2 Bit 1/2 Bit 1/2 Bit 1/2 Bit 1/2 Bit Dem_out Data_out (DATA) TStart-up T Bit-check Start-up mode Bit-check mode Receiving mode Bit-check Mode In bit-check mode the incoming data stream is examined to distinguish between a valid signal from a corresponding transmitter and signals due to noise. This is done by subsequent time frame checks where the distances between two signal edges are continuously compared to a programmable time window. The maximum count of this edge-to-edge tests before the receiver switches to receiving mode is also programmable. Configuring the Bit Check Assuming a modulation scheme that contains two edges per bit, two time frame checks are verifying one bit. This is valid for Manchester, Bi-phase and most other modulation schemes. The maximum count of bits to be checked can be set to 0, 3, 6 or 9 bits via the variable NBit-check in the OPMODE register. This implies 0, 6, 12 and 18 edge to edge checks respectively. If NBit-check is set to a higher value, the receiver is less likely to switch to receiving mode due to noise. In the presence of a valid transmitter signal, the bit check takes less time if NBit–check is set to a lower value. In polling mode, the bit-check time is not dependent on NBit-check. Figure 11 shows an example where 3 bits are tested successfully and the data signal is transferred to Pin DATA. According to Figure 12, the time window for the bit check is defined by two separate time limits. If the edge-to-edge time tee is in between the lower bit-check limit TLim_min and the upper bit-check limit TLim_max, the check will be continued. If tee is smaller than T Lim_min or t ee exceeds T Lim_max , the bit check will be terminated and the receiver switches to sleep mode. Figure 12. Valid Time Window for Bit Check 1/fSig Dem_out tee TLim_min TLim_max For best noise immunity it is recommended to use a low span between TLim_min and TLim_max. This is achieved using a fixed frequency at a 50% duty cycle for the transmitter preburst. A “11111...” or a “10101...” sequence in Manchester or Bi-phase is a good choice concerning that advice. A good compromise between receiver sensitivity and susceptibility to noise is a time window of ±25% regarding the expected edge-to-edge time tee. Using pre-burst patterns that contain various edge-to-edge time periods, the bit-check limits must be programmed according to the required span. The bit-check limits are determined by means of the formula below. 13 4569A–RKE–12/02 TLim_min = Lim_min ´ TXClk TLim_max = (Lim_max –1) ´ TXClk Lim_min and Lim_max are defined by a 5-bit word each within the LIMIT register. Using above formulas, Lim_min and Lim_max can be determined according to the required TLim_min, TLim_max and TXClk. The time resolution defining TLim_min and TLim_max is TXClk. The minimum edge-to-edge time tee (tDATA_L_min, tDATA_H_min) is defined according to the section ‘Receiving Mode’. The lower limit should be set to Lim_min ³ 10. The maximum value of the upper limit is Lim_max = 63. If the calculated value for Lim_min is < 19, it is recommended to check 6 or 9 bits (NBit-check) to prevent switching to receiving mode due to noise. Figure 13, Figure 14 and Figure 15 illustrate the bit check for the bit-check limits Lim_min = 14 and Lim_max = 24. When the IC is enabled, the signal processing circuits are enabled during TStartup. The output of the ASK/FSK demodulator (Dem_out) is undefined during that period. When the bit check becomes active, the bit-check counter is clocked with the cycle TXClk. Figure 13 shows how the bit check proceeds if the bit-check counter value CV_Lim is within the limits defined by Lim_min and Lim_max at the occurrence of a signal edge. In Figure 14 the bit check fails as the value CV_lim is lower than the limit Lim_min. The bit check also fails if CV_Lim reaches Lim_max. This is illustrated in Figure 15. Figure 13. Timing Diagram During Bit Check ( Lim_min = 14, Lim_max = 24 ) Bit check ok Bit check ok IC_ACTIVE Bit check 1/2 Bit 1/2 Bit 1/2 Bit Dem_out Bit-checkcounter 0 TStart-up 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 1 2 3 4 TXClk TBit-check Start-up mode Bit-check mode Figure 14. Timing Diagram for Failed Bit Check (Condition: CV_Lim < Lim_min) ( Lim_min = 14, Lim_max = 24 ) Bit check failed ( CV_Lim < Lim_min ) IC_ACTIVE Bit check 1/2 Bit Dem_out Bit-checkcounter 14 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 0 TStart-up TBit-check TSleep Start-up mode Bit-check mode Sleep mode T5743 4569A–RKE–12/02 T5743 Figure 15. Timing Diagram for Failed Bit Check (Condition: CV_Lim ³ Lim_max) ( Lim_min = 14, Lim_max = 24 ) Bit check failed ( CV_Lim >= Lim_max ) IC_ACTIVE Bit check 1/2 Bit Dem_out Bit-checkcounter 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 0 TStart-up TBit-check TSleep Start-up mode Bit-check mode Sleep mode Duration of the Bit Check If no transmitter signal is present during the bit check, the output of the ASK/FSK demodulator delivers random signals. The bit check is a statistical process and TBit-check varies for each check. Therefore, an average value for TBit-check is given in the electrical characteristics. TBit-check depends on the selected baud-rate range and on TClk. A higher baud-rate range causes a lower value for TBit-check resulting in a lower current consumption in polling mode. In the presence of a valid transmitter signal, TBit-check is dependent on the frequency of that signal, fSig, and the count of the checked bits, NBit-check. A higher value for NBit-check thereby results in a longer period for TBit-check requiring a higher value for the transmitter pre-burst TPreburst. Receiving Mode If the bit check was successful for all bits specified by NBit-check, the receiver switches to receiving mode. According to Figure 11, the internal data signal is switched to Pin DATA in that case and the data clock is available after the start bit has been detected (Figure 22). A connected microcontroller can be woken up by the negative edge at Pin DATA or by the data clock at Pin DATA_CLK. The receiver stays in that condition until it is switched back to polling mode explicitly. Digital Signal Processing The data from the ASK/FSK demodulator (Dem_out) is digitally processed in different ways and as a result converted into the output signal data. This processing depends on the selected baud-rate range (BR_Range). Figure 16 illustrates how Dem_out is synchronized by the extended clock cycle TXClk. This clock is also used for the bit-check counter. Data can change its state only after TXClk has elapsed. The edge-to-edge time period tee of the Data signal as a result is always an integral multiple of TXClk. The minimum time period between two edges of the data signal is limited to t ee ³ TDATA_min . This implies an efficient suppression of spikes at the DATA output. At the same time it limits the maximum frequency of edges at DATA. This eases the interrupt handling of a connected microcontroller. The maximum time period for DATA to stay Low is limited to TDATA_L_max. This function is employed to ensure a finite response time in programming or switching off the receiver via Pin DATA. TDATA_L_max is thereby longer than the maximum time period indicated by the transmitter data stream. Figure 18 gives an example where Dem_out remains Low after the receiver has switched to receiving mode. 15 4569A–RKE–12/02 Figure 16. Synchronization of the Demodulator Output T XClk Clock bit-check counter Dem_out Data_out (DATA) t ee Figure 17. Debouncing of the Demodulator Output Dem_out Data_out (DATA) t DATA_min tDATA_min tee t DATA_min t ee t ee Figure 18. Steady L State Limited DATA Output Pattern After Transmission IC_ACTIVE Bit check Dem_out Data_out (DATA) tDATA_min Start-up mode Bit-check mode tDATA_L_max Receiving mode After the end of a data transmission, the receiver remains active. Depending on the bit Noise_Disable in the OPMODE register, the output signal at Pin DATA is high or random noise pulses appear at Pin DATA (see section “Digital Noise Supression”). The edge-to-edge time period tee of the majority of these noise pulses is equal or slightly higher than TDATA_min. 16 T5743 4569A–RKE–12/02 T5743 Switching the Receiver Back to Sleep Mode The receiver can be set back to polling mode via Pin DATA or via Pin POLLING/_ON. When using Pin DATA, this pin must be pulled to Low for the period t1 by the connected microcontroller. Figure 19 illustrates the timing of the OFF command (see also Figure 34). The minimum value of t1 depends on BR_Range. The maximum value for t1 is not limited but it is recommended not to exceed the specified value to prevent erasing the reset marker. Note also that an internal reset for the OPMODE and the LIMIT register will be generated if t1 exceeds the specified values. This item is explained in more detail in the section “Configuration of the Receiver”. Setting the receiver to sleep mode via DATA is achieved by programming bit 1 to be “1” during the register configuration. Only one sync pulse (t3) is issued. The duration of the OFF command is determined by the sum of t1, t2 and t10. After the OFF command the sleep time TSleep elapses. Note that the capacitive load at Pin DATA is limited (see section “Data Interface”). Figure 19. Timing Diagram of the OFF-command via Pin DATA IC_ACTIVE IC_ACTIVE t1 t1 t1 t2 t2 t2 t2 t3 t3 t3 t3 t5 t5 t5 t5 t4 t4 t4 t4 t10 t10 t10 t10 t7 t7 t7 t7 Out1 Out1 Out1 (mC) (microcontroller) (microcontroller) (microcontroller Data_out Data_out (DATA) (DATA) X X X Serial Serial bi-directional bi-directional data data line line X X X Bit Bit Bit111 ("1") ("1") ("1") (Start (Start bit) (Startbit) bit) TTTT Sleep Sleep Sleep Sleep TTT Start-up Start-up Start-up T Start-up Sleep Sleep mode Sleep mode Sleepmode mode Start-up mode Start-up mode Start-up mode Start-up mode OFF-command OFF-command OFF-command Receiving Receiving mode mode Figure 20. Timing Diagram of the OFF-command via Pin POLLING/_ON IC_ACTIVE ton2 ton3 Bit check ok POLLING/_ON Data_out (DATA) X X Serial bi-directional data line X X Receiving mode Sleep mode Start-up mode Bit-check mode Receiving mode 17 4569A–RKE–12/02 Figure 21. Activating the Receiving Mode via Pin POLLING/_ON IC_ACTIVE t on1 POLLING/_ON Data_out (DATA) X Serial bi-directional data line X Sleep mode Start-up mode Receiving mode Figure 20 illustrates how to set the receiver back to polling mode via Pin POLLING/_ON. The Pin POLLING/_ON must be held to low for the time period ton2. After the positive edge on Pin POLLING/_ON and the delay ton3, the polling mode is active and the sleep time TSleep elapses. This command is faster than using Pin DATA at the cost of an additional connection to the microcontroller. Figure 21 illustrates how to set the receiver to receiving mode via the Pin POLLING/_ON. The Pin POLLING/_ON must be held to Low. After the delay ton1 , the receiver changes from sleep mode to start-up mode regardless the programmed values for TSleep and NBit-check. As long as POLLING/_ON is held to Low, the values for TSleep and NBitcheck will be ignored, but not deleted (see also section “Digital Noise Suppression”). If the receiver is polled exclusively by a microcontroller, TSleep must be programmed to 31 (permanent sleep mode). In this case the receiver remains in sleep mode as long as POLLING/_ON is held to High. Data Clock The Pin DATA_CLK makes a data shift clock available to sample the data stream into a shift register. Using this data clock, a microcontroller can easily synchronize the data stream. This clock can only be used for Manchester and Bi-phase coded signals. Generation of the data clock: After a successful bit check, the receiver switches from polling mode to receiving mode and the data stream is available at Pin DATA. In receiving mode, the data clock control logic (Manchester/Bi-phase demodulator) is active and examines the incoming data stream. This is done, like in the bit check, by subsequent time frame checks where the distance between two edges is continuously compared to a programmable time window. As illustrated in Figure 22, only two distances between two edges in Manchester and Biphase coded signals are valid (T and 2T). The limits for T are the same as used for the bit check. They can be programmed in the LIMIT-register (Lim_min and Lim_max, see Table 11 and Table 12). The limits for 2T are calculated as follows: Lower limit of 2T: Lim_min_2T = (Lim_min + Lim_max) - (Lim_max - Lim_min)/2 Upper limit of 2T: Lim_max_2T= (Lim_min + Lim_max) + (Lim_max - Lim_min)/2 (If the result for “Lim_min_2T” or “Lim_max_2T” is not an integer value, it will be round up.) 18 T5743 4569A–RKE–12/02 T5743 The data clock is available, after the data clock control logic has detected the distance 2T (Start bit) and is issued with the delay tDelay after the edge on Pin DATA (see figure 22). If the data clock control logic detects a timing or logical error (Manchester code violation), like illustrated in Figure 23 and Figure 24, it stops the output of the data clock. The receiver remains in receiving mode and starts with the bit check. If the bit check was successful and the start bit has been detected, the data clock control logic starts again with the generation of the data clock (see Figure 25). It is recommended to use the function of the data clock only in conjunction with the bit check 3, 6 or 9. If the bit check is set to 0 or the receiver is set to receiving mode via the Pin POLLING/_ON, the data clock is available if the data clock control logic has detected the distance 2T (Start bit). Note that for Bi-phase-coded signals, the data clock is issued at the end of the bit. Figure 22. Timing Diagram of the Data Clock Preburst Data Bit check ok T '1' '1' '1' '1' 2T '1' '0' '1' '1' '0' '1' '0' Dem_out Data_out (DATA) DATA_CLK Start bit tDelay tP_Data_Clk Receiving mode, data clock control logic active Bit-check mode Figure 23. Data Clock Disappears Because of a Timing Error Data Timing error (T ee < T Lim_min OR T Lim_max <T ee < T Lim_min_2T OR T ee > T Lim_max_2T) T ee '1' '1' '1' '1' '1' '0' '1' '1' '0' '1' '0' Dem_out Data_out (DATA) DATA_CLK Receiving mode, data clock control logic active Receiving mode, bit check active 19 4569A–RKE–12/02 Figure 24. Data Clock Disappears Because of a Logical Error Data Logical error (Manchester code violation) '1' '1' '1' '0' '1' '1' '?' '0' '0' '1' '0' Dem_out Data_out (DATA) DATA_CLK Receiving mode, data clock control logic active Receiving mode, bit check aktive Figure 25. Output of the Data Clock After a Successful Bit Check Data Bit check ok '1' '1' '1' '1' '1' '0' '1' '1' '0' '1' '0' Dem_out Data_out (DATA) DATA_CLK Receiving mode, bit check active Start bit Receiving mode, data clock control logic active The delay of the data clock is calculated as follows: tDelay = tDelay1 + tDelay2 tDelay1 is the delay between the internal signals Data_Out and Data_In. For the rising edge, tDelay1 depends on the capacitive load CL at Pin DATA and the external pull-up resistor Rpup. For the falling edge, tDelay1 depends additionally on the external voltage VX (see Figure 26, Figure 27 and Figure 34). When the level of Data_In is equal to the level of Data_Out, the data clock is issued after an additional delay tDelay2. Note that the capacitive load at Pin DATA is limited. If the maximum tolerated capacitive load at Pin DATA is exceeded, the data clock disappears (see section “Data Interface”). 20 T5743 4569A–RKE–12/02 T5743 Figure 26. Timing Characteristic of the Data Clock (Rising Edge on Pin DATA) Data_Out Serial bi-directional data line V X V Ih = 0,65 * V S V Il = 0,35 * V S Data_In DATA_CLK tDelay1 tDelay tDelay2 tP_Data_Clk Figure 27. Timing Characteristic of the Data Clock (Falling Edge of the Pin DATA) Data_Out VX V Ih = 0,65 * V S Serial bi-directional data line V Il = 0,35 * V S Data_In DATA_CLK t Delay1 t Delay t Delay2 tP_Data_Clk Digital Noise Suppression After a data transmission, digital noise appears on the data output (see Figure 28). To prevent that digital noise keeps the connected microcontroller busy, it can be suppressed in two different ways. Automatic Noise Suppression (see Figure 29) If the bit Noise_Disable (Table 10) in the OPMODE register is set to 1 (default), the receiver changes to bit-check mode at the end of a valid data stream. The digital noise is suppressed and the level at Pin DATA is High in that case. The receiver changes back to receiving mode, if the bit check was successful. This way to suppress the noise is recommended if the data stream is Manchester or Biphase coded and is active after power on. Figure 30 illustrates the behavior of the data output at the end of a data stream. Note that if the last period of the data stream is a high period (rising edge to falling edge), a pulse occurs on Pin DATA. The length of the pulse depends on the selected baud-rate range. 21 4569A–RKE–12/02 Figure 28. Output of Digital Noise at the End of the Data Stream Bit Bit check check ok ok Bit check ok Data_out (DATA) Preburst Data Data Digital Digital Noise Noise Digital Digital Noise Noise Preburst Preburst Data Data Digital Digital Noise Noise DATA_CLK Receiving mode, data clock control logic active Bit-check mode Receiving Receiving mode, mode, bit bit check check aktive aktive Receiving Receiving mode, mode, data data clock clock control control logic logic active active Receiving Receiving mode, mode, bit bit check check aktive aktive Figure 29. Automatic Noise Suppression Bit check ok Data_out (DATA) Bit check ok Preburst Data Preburst Data DATA_CLK Bit-check mode Receiving mode, data clock control logic active Receiving mode, data clock control logic active Bit-check mode Bit-check mode Figure 30. Occurence of a Pulse at the End of the Data Stream (tee < TLim_min OR TLim_max < tee Timing error ) < TLim_min_2T OR tee > TLim_max_2T T ee Data stream '1' '1' Digital noise '1' Dem_out Data_out (DATA) T Pulse DATA_CLK Receiving mode, data clock control logic active Controlled Noise Suppression by the Microcontroller (see Figure 31) Bit-check mode If the bit Noise_Disable (see Table 10) in the OPMODE register is set to 0, digital noise appears at the end of a valid data stream. To suppress the noise, the Pin POLLING/_ON must be set to Low. The receiver remains in receiving mode. Then, the OFFcommand causes the change to the start-up mode. The programmed sleep time (see Table 8) will not be executed because the level at Pin POLLING/_ON is low, but the bit check is active in that case. The OFF-command activates the bit check also if the Pin POLLING/_ON is held to Low. The receiver changes back to receiving mode if the bit check was successful. To activate the polling mode at the end of the data transmission, the Pin POLLING/_ON must be set to High. This way to suppress the noise is recommended if the data stream is not Manchester or Bi-phase coded. 22 T5743 4569A–RKE–12/02 T5743 Figure 31. Controlled Noise Suppression Bit check ok Serial bi-directional data line OFF-command Preburst Data Bit check ok Digital Noise Preburst Data Digital Noise (DATA_CLK) POLLING/_ON Bit-check mode Configuration of the Receiver Receiving mode Start-up Bit-check mode mode Receiving mode Sleep mode The T5743 receiver is configured via two 12-bit RAM registers called OPMODE and LIMIT. The registers can be programmed by means of the bidirectional DATA port. If the register contents have changed due to a voltage drop, this condition is indicated by a certain output pattern called reset marker (RM). The receiver must be reprogrammed in that case. After a power-on reset (POR), the registers are set to default mode. If the receiver is operated in default mode, there is no need to program the registers. Table 4 shows the structure of the registers. According to Table 2 bit 1 defines if the receiver is set back to polling mode via the OFF-command (see section “Receiving Mode”) or if it is programmed. Bit 2 represents the register address. It selects the appropriate register to be programmed. To get a high programming reliability, Bit15 (Stop bit), at the end of the programming operation, must be set to 0. Table 2. Effect of Bit 1 and Bit 2 on Programming the Registers Bit 1 Bit 2 1 x The receiver is set back to polling mode (OFF command) Action 0 1 The OPMODE register is programmed 0 0 The LIMIT register is programmed Table 3. Effect of Bit 15 on Programming the Register Bit 15 Action 0 The values will be written into the register (OPMODE or LIMIT) 1 The values will not be written into the register 23 4569A–RKE–12/02 Table 4. Effect of the Configuration Words Within the Registers Bit 1 Bit 2 Bit 3 Bit 4 Bit 5 Bit 6 Bit 7 Bit 8 Bit 9 Bit 10 Bit 11 Bit 12 Bit 13 Bit 14 X Sleep Noise Suppression Bit 15 OFF-command 1 OPMODE register BR_Range 0 Modulation NBit-check 1 Default values of Bit 3...14 Sleep Baud1 Baud0 BitChk1 BitChk0 ASK/_ FSK Sleep4 Sleep3 Sleep2 Sleep1 Sleep0 XSleepStd Noise_ Disable 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 LIMIT register Lim_min 0 0 Default values of Bit 3...14 Lim_max Lim_ min5 Lim_ min4 Lim_ min3 Lim_ min2 Lim_ min1 Lim_ min0 Lim_ max5 Lim_ max4 Lim_ max3 Lim_ max2 Lim_ max1 Lim_max0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 Table 5 to Table 12 illustrate the effect of the individual configuration words. The default configuration is highlighted for each word. BR_Range sets the appropriate baud-rate range and simultaneously defines XLim. XLim is used to define the bit-check limits TLim_min and TLim_max as shown in table 11 and table 12. Table 5. Effect of the Configuration Word BR_Range BR_Range Baud1 Baud0 Baud-Rate Range/Extension Factor for Bit-Check Limits (XLim) 0 0 BR_Range0 (application USA/Europe: BR_Range0 = 1.0 kBaud to 1.8 kBaud) XLim = 8 (default) 0 1 BR_Range1 (application USA/Europe: BR_Range1 = 1.8 kBaud to 3.2 kBaud) XLim = 4 1 0 BR_Range2 (application USA/Europe: BR_Range2 = 3.2 kBaud to 5.6 kBaud) XLim = 2 1 1 BR_Range3 (application USA/Europe: BR_Range3 = 5.6 kBaud to 10 kBaud) XLim = 1 Table 6. Effect of the Configuration Word NBit-check NBit-check 24 BitChk1 BitChk0 Number of Bits to be Checked 0 0 0 0 1 3 (default) 1 0 6 1 1 9 T5743 4569A–RKE–12/02 T5743 Table 7. Effect of the Configuration Bit Modulation Modulation Selected Modulation ASK/_FSK 0 FSK (default) 1 ASK Table 8. Effect of the Configuration Word Sleep Sleep Start Value for Sleep Counter (TSleep = Sleep × Xsleep × 1024 × TClk) Sleep4 Sleep3 Sleep2 Sleep1 Sleep0 0 0 0 0 0 0 (Receiver is continuously polling until a valid signal occurs) 0 0 0 0 1 1 (TSleep » 2 ms for XSleep = 1 in US-/ European applications) 0 0 0 1 0 2 0 0 0 1 1 3 ... ... ... ... ... ... 0 0 1 1 0 6 (USA: TSleep = 12.52 ms, Europe: TSleep = 12.72 ms) (default) ... ... ... ... ... ... 1 1 1 0 1 29 1 1 1 1 0 30 1 1 1 1 1 31 (Permanent sleep mode) Table 9. Effect of the Configuration Bit XSleep XSleep XSleepStd Extension Factor for Sleep Time (TSleep = Sleep × Xsleep × 1024 × TClk) 0 1 (default) 1 8 Table 10. Effect of the Configuration Bit Noise Suppression Noise Suppression Noise_Disable Suppression of the Digital Noise at Pin DATA 0 Noise suppression is inactive 1 Noise suppression is active (default) 25 4569A–RKE–12/02 Table 11. Effect of the Configuration Word Lim_min Lim_min (1) (Lim_min < 10 Is Not Applicable) Lower Limit Value for Bit Check Lim_min5 Lim_min4 Lim_min3 Lim_min2 Lim_min1 Lim_min0 (TLim_min = Lim_min × Lim × TClk) 0 0 1 0 1 0 10 0 0 1 0 1 1 11 0 0 1 1 0 0 12 ... ... ... ... ... ... 0 1 0 1 0 1 ... ... ... ... ... ... 1 1 1 1 0 1 61 1 1 1 1 1 0 62 1 1 1 1 1 63 1 Note: 21 (default) USA: TLim_min = 342 µs, Europe: TLim_min = 348 µs) 1. Lim_min is also be used to determine the margins of the data clock control logic (see section “Data Clock”). Table 12. Effect of the Configuration Word Lim_max Lim_max (1) (Lim_max < 12 Is Not Applicable) Upper Limit Value for Bit Check Lim_max5 Lim_max4 Lim_max3 Lim_max2 Lim_max1 Lim_max0 (TLim_max = (Lim_max - 1) × XLim × TClk) 0 0 1 1 0 0 12 0 0 1 1 0 1 13 0 0 1 1 1 0 14 ... ... ... ... ... ... 1 0 1 0 0 1 ... ... ... ... ... ... 1 1 1 1 0 1 61 1 1 1 1 1 0 62 1 1 1 1 1 63 1 Note: 41 (default) USA: TLim_max = 652 ms, Europe: TLim_max = 662 µs) 1. Lim_max is also be used to determine the margins of the data clock control logic (see section “Data Clock”). Conservation of the Register Information The T5743 implies an integrated power-on reset and brown-out detection circuitry to provide a mechanism to preserve the RAM register information. According to Figure 32, a power-on reset (POR) is generated if the supply voltage VS drops below the threshold voltage VThReset. The default parameters are programmed into the configuration registers in that condition. Once VS exceeds VThReset the POR is cancelled after the minimum reset period tRst. A POR is also generated when the supply voltage of the receiver is turned on. To indicate that condition, the receiver displays a reset marker (RM) at Pin DATA after a reset. The RM is represented by the fixed frequency fRM at a 50% duty-cycle. RM can be cancelled via a Low pulse t1 at Pin DATA. 26 T5743 4569A–RKE–12/02 T5743 The RM implies the following characteristics: • fRM is lower than the lowest feasible frequency of a data signal. By this means, RM cannot be misinterpreted by the connected microcontroller. • If the receiver is set back to polling mode via Pin DATA, RM cannot be cancelled by accident if t1 is applied according to the proposal in the section “Programming the Configuration Registers”. By means of that mechanism the receiver cannot lose its register information without communicating that condition via the reset marker RM. Figure 32. Generation of the Power-on Reset V ThReset VS POR tRst Data_out (DATA) X 1 / f RM Programming the Configuration Register Figure 33. Timing of the Register Programming IC_ACTIVE t1 t2 t3 t9 t8 t5 t4 t6 t7 Out1 (µC) Data_out (DATA) X Serial bi-directional data line X Bit 1 ("0") (Start bit) Bit 2 ("1") (Registerselect) Programming frame Receiving mode Bit 14 ("0") (Poll8) Bit 15 ("0") (Stop bit) TSleep TStart-up SleepStart-up mode mode 27 4569A–RKE–12/02 Figure 34. Data Interface V X = 5 V toV20=V5 V to 20 V V S = 4.5 VVto 5.5 V S = 4.5 V to 5.5 V 0V/5V Data_In Rpup 0 ... 20 V Input Interface Interface 0 V / Input 5V Data_In X T5743 T5743 ID DATA 0 ... 20 V Microcontroller Microcontroller Rpup I/O DATA I/O Serial bi-directional data line Serial bi-directional data line ID CL CL Out1 mîcrocontroller Out1 mîcrocontroller Data_out Data_out The configuration registers are programmed serially via the bi-directional data line according to Figure 33 and Figure 34. To start programming, the serial data line DATA is pulled to Low for the time period t1 by the microcontroller. When DATA has been released, the receiver becomes the master device. When the programming delay period t2 has elapsed, it emits 15 subsequent synchronization pulses with the pulse length t3. After each of these pulses, a programming window occurs. The delay until the program window starts is determined by t4, the duration is defined by t5. Within the programming window, the individual bits are set. If the microcontroller pulls down Pin DATA for the time period t7 during t5, the according bit is set to “0”. If no programming pulse t7 is issued, this bit is set to “1”. All 15 bits are subsequently programmed this way. The time frame to program a bit is defined by t6. Bit 15 is followed by the equivalent time window t9. During this window, the equivalence acknowledge pulse t8 (E_Ack) occurs if the just programmed mode word is equivalent to the mode word that was already stored in that register. E_Ack should be used to verify that the mode word was correctly transferred to the register. The register must be programmed twice in that case. Programming of a register is possible both in sleep- and in active-mode of the receiver. During programming, the LNA, LO, lowpass filter IF-amplifier and the FSK/ASK Manchester demodulator are disabled. The programming start pulse t1 initiates the programming of the configuration registers. If bit 1 is set to “1”, it represents the OFF-command to set the receiver back to polling mode at the same time. For the length of the programming start pulse t1, the following convention should be considered: • t1(min) < t1 < 5632 ´ TClk: t1(min) is the minimum specified value for the relevant BR_Range Programming respectively OFF-command is initiated if the receiver is not in reset mode.If the receiver is in reset mode, programming respectively Off-command is not initiated and the reset marker RM is still present at Pin DATA. This period is generally used to switch the receiver to polling mode or to start the programming of a register. In reset condition, RM is not cancelled by accident. • 28 t1 > 7936 ´ TClk T5743 4569A–RKE–12/02 T5743 Programming respectively OFF-command is initiated in any case. The registers OPMODE and LIMIT are set to the default values. RM is cancelled if present. This period is used if the connected microcontroller detected RM. If the receiver operates in default mode, this time period for t1 can generally be used. Note that the capacitive load at Pin DATA is limited. Data Interface The data interface (see Figure 34) is designed for automotive requirements. It can be connected via the pull-up resistor Rpup up to 20 V and is short-circuit-protected. The applicable pull-up resistor Rpup depends on the load capacity CL at Pin DATA and the selected BR_range (see Table 13). More detailed information about the calculation of the maximum load capacity at Pin DATA is given in the “Application Hints U3743BM”. Table 13. Applicable Rpup BR_range Applicable Rpup B0 1.6 kW to 47 kW B1 1.6 kW to 22 kW B2 1.6 kW to 12 kW B3 1.6 kW to 5.6 kW B0 1.6 kW to 470 kW B1 1.6 kW to 220 kW B2 1.6 kW to 120 kW B3 1.6 kW to 56 kW CL £ 1 nF CL £ 100 pF Figure 35. Application Circuit: fRF = 433.92 MHz without SAW Filter VS C7 2.2u 10% IC_ACTIVE C6 10n 10% R2 Sensitivity reduction 56k to 150k V X = 5 V to 20 V GND R3 >= 1.6k T5743 1 2 3 C14 33n 5% C13 10n 10% C3 15p 5% np0 4 5 6 SENS DATA IC_ACTIVE POLLING/_ON CDEM DGND DATA_CLK AVCC MODE TEST AGND DVCC 7 MIXVCC 8 9 10 LNAGND LNA_IN NC C17 3.3p 5% np0 15 XTO 14 LFGND 13 LF 12 LFVCC 11 DATA POLLING/_ON DATA_CLK Q1 6.7643MHz C11 12p 2% np0 C12 C15 150p 10% COAX 20 19 18 17 16 C16 100p 5% np0 L2 TOKO LL2012 F22NJ 22n 5% 10n 10% C8 150p 10% R1 820 5% C9 4.7n 5% C10 1n 5% 29 4569A–RKE–12/02 Figure 36. Application Circuit: fRF = 315 MHz without SAW Filter VS C7 2.2u 10% IC_ACTIVE C6 10n 10% R2 Sensitivity reduction 56k to 150K V X = 5 V to 20 V GND R3 >= 1.6k T5743 1 2 3 C14 33n 5% C13 10n 10% C3 33p 5% np0 4 5 6 SENS DATA IC_ACTIVE POLLING/_ON CDEM DGND DATA_CLK AVCC MODE TEST AGND DVCC 7 MIXVCC 8 9 10 LNAGND LNA_IN NC C17 3.3p 5% np0 15 XTO 14 LFGND 13 LF 12 LFVCC 11 DATA POLLING/_ON DATA_CLK Q1 C11 15p 2% np0 4.906MHz C12 C15 150p 10% COAX 20 19 18 17 16 10n 10% C8 150p 10% C16 R1 820 5% 100p 5% np0 L2 TOKO LL2012 F39NJ 39n 5% C9 4.7n 5% C10 1n 5% Figure 37. Application Circuit: fRF = 433.92 MHz with SAW Filter VS C7 2.2u 10% IC_ACTIVE C6 10n 10% R2 Sensitivity reduction 56k to 150k V X = 5 V to 20 V GND R3 >= 1.6k T5743 1 2 3 C14 33n 5% C13 10n 10% C3 22p 5% np0 7 SENS DATA IC_ACTIVE POLLING/_ON CDEM DGND DATA_CLK AVCC MODE TEST AGND DVCC 15 MIXVCC XTO 14 8 9 10 LNAGND LNA_IN NC 4 5 6 C16 100p 5% np0 30 LFGND 13 LF 12 LFVCC 11 DATA POLLING/_ON DATA_CLK Q1 6.7643MHz C11 12p 2% np0 C12 C15 150p 10% COAX 20 19 18 17 16 L2 TOKO LL2012 F33NJ 1 IN 2 IN_GND 33n 3 C2 5% 4 8.2p CASE_GND 5% np0 B3555 C17 8,2p 5% np0 L3 TOKO LL2012 F27 NJ 27n 5% OUT OUT_GND 5 6 CASE_GND 7 8 C8 150p 10% 10n 10% R1 820 5% C9 4.7n 5% C10 1n 5% T5743 4569A–RKE–12/02 T5743 Figure 38. Application Circuit: fRF = 315 MHz with SAW Filter VS C7 2.2u 10% IC_ACTIVE C6 10n 10% R2 Sensitivity reduction 56k to 150k V X = 5 V to 20 V GND R3 >= 1.6k T5743 1 2 3 C14 33n 5% C13 10n 10% C3 47p 5% np0 4 5 6 SENS DATA IC_ACTIVE POLLING/_ON CDEM DGND DATA_CLK AVCC MODE TEST AGND DVCC 7 MIXVCC 8 9 10 LNAGND LNA_IN NC C16 100p 5% np0 L2 TOKO LL2012 F82NJ 1 2 82n 3 C2 5% 4 10p 5% np0 15 XTO 14 LFGND 13 LF 12 LFVCC 11 DATA POLLING/_ON DATA_CLK Q1 4.906MHz C11 15p 2% np0 C12 C15 150p 10% COAX 20 19 18 17 16 IN IN_GND CASE_GND 22p 5% np0 L3 TOKO LL2012 F47NJ 47n 5% OUT OUT_GND C8 150p 10% 10n 10% C17 R1 820 5% C9 4.7n 5% 5 6 7 CASE_GND 8 C10 1n 5% B3551 Absolute Maximum Ratings Parameters Symbol Min. Max. Unit Supply voltage VS 6 V Power dissipation Ptot 1000 mW Junction temperature Tj 150 °C Storage temperature Tstg -55 +125 °C Ambient temperature Tamb -40 +105 °C 10 dBm Maximum input level, input matched to 50 W Pin_max Thermal Resistance Parameters Junction ambient Symbol Value Unit RthJA 100 K/W 31 4569A–RKE–12/02 Electrical Characteristics All parameters refer to GND, Tamb = -40°C to +105°C, VS = 4.5 V to 5.5 V, f0 = 433.92 MHz and f0 = 315 MHz, unless otherwise specified. (For typical values: VS = 5 V, Tamb = 25°C) 6.76438 MHz Osc. (MODE: 1) Parameter Test Conditions Symbol Min. Typ. Max. 4.90625 MHz Osc. (MODE: 0) Min. Typ. Variable Oscillator Max. Min. 2.0383 2.0383 16.3 8.2 4.1 2.0 Typ. Max. Unit 1/fXTO/10 1/fXTO/14 1/fXTO/10 1/fXTO/14 µs µs 16.3 8.2 4.1 2.0 8 ´ TClk 4 ´ TClk 2 ´ TClk 1 ´ TClk 8 ´ TClk 4 ´ TClk 2 ´ TClk 1 ´ TClk µs µs µs µs ms Basic Clock Cycle of the Digital Circuitry Basic clock cycle MODE = 0 (USA) MODE = 1 (Europe) TClk Extended basic clock cycle BR_Range0 BR_Range1 BR_Range2 BR_Range3 2.0697 2.0697 TXClk 16.6 8.3 4.1 2.1 16.6 8.3 4.1 2.1 TSleep Sleep ´ XSleep ´ 1024 ´ 2.0697 Sleep ´ XSleep ´ 1024 ´ 2.0697 Sleep ´ XSleep ´ 1024 ´ 2.0383 Sleep ´ XSleep ´ 1024 ´ 2.0383 Sleep ´ XSleep ´ 1024 ´ TClk Sleep ´ XSleep ´ 1024 ´ TClk 1855 1061 1061 663 1855 1061 1061 663 1827 1045 1045 653 1827 1045 1045 653 896.5 512.5 512.5 320.5 ´ TClk 896.5 512.5 512.5 320.5 ´ TClk Polling Mode Sleep time (see Sleep and XSleep Figure 10, are defined in the Figure 19, and OPMODE register Figure 33) Start-up time (see Figure 10, and Figure 11) BR_Range0 BR_Range1 BR_Range2 BR_Range3 Time for bit check (see Figure 10) Average bit-check time while polling, no RF applied (see Figure 14, and Figure 15) BR_Range0 BR_Range1 BR_Range2 BR_Range3 Bit-check time for a valid input signal fSig , (see Figure 11) NBit-check = 0 NBit-check = 3 NBit-check = 6 NBit-check = 9 TStartup 0.45 0.24 0.14 0.08 TBit-check TBit-check 3/fSig 6/fSig 9/fSig ms ms ms ms 0.45 0.24 0.14 0.08 3.5/fSig 6.5/fSig 9.5/fSig 3/fSig 6/fSig 9/fSig µs µs µs µs 3.5/fSig 6.5/fSig 9.5/fSig 1 X TXClk 3/fSig 6/fSig 9/fSig 1 ´ TClk 3.5/fSig 6.5/fSig 9.5/fSig ms ms ms ms Receiving Mode Intermediate frequency MODE = 0 (USA) MODE = 1 (Europe) Baud-rate range BR_Range0 BR_Range1 BR_Range2 BR_Range3 Minimum time period between edges at Pin DATA (see Figure 7, Figure 17 and Figure 18, with the exception of parameter TPulse) BR_Range = 32 BR_Range0 BR_Range1 BR_Range2 BR_Range3 fIF BR_Range tDATA-min 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.8 3.2 5.6 1.8 3.2 5.6 10.0 1.0 1.8 3.2 5.6 1.8 3.2 5.6 10.0 165 83 41.4 20.7 165 83 41.4 20.7 163 81 40.7 20.4 163 81 40.7 20.4 fXTO ´ 64/314 fXTO ´ 64/432.92 MHz MHz BR_Range0 ´ 2 ms/TClk BR_Range1 ´ 2 ms/TClk BR_Range2 ´ 2 ms/TClk BR_Range3 ´ 2 ms/TClk kBaud kBaud kBaud kBaud 10 ´ TXClk 10 ´ TXClk 10 ´ TXClk 10 ´ TXClk 10 ´ TXClk 10 ´ TXClk 10 ´ TXClk 10 ´ TXClk µs µs µs µs T5743 4569A–RKE–12/02 T5743 Electrical Characteristics (Continued) All parameters refer to GND, Tamb = -40°C to +105°C, VS = 4.5 V to 5.5 V, f0 = 433.92 MHz and f0 = 315 MHz, unless otherwise specified. (For typical values: VS = 5 V, Tamb = 25°C) 6.76438 MHz Osc. (MODE: 1) Parameter Test Conditions Maximum Low period at Pin DATA (see Figure 7 and Figure 18) BR_Range = BR_Range0 BR_Range1 BR_Range2 BR_Range3 Symbol tDATA_L_max Min. Typ. 4.90625 MHz Osc. (MODE: 0) Max. Min. Typ. Max. 2152 1076 538 270 2152 1076 538 270 2120 1060 530 265 2120 1060 530 265 21.8 19.4 21.5 Variable Oscillator Min. 130 ´ TXClk 130 ´ TXClk 130 ´ TXClk 130 ´ TXClk Typ. Max. 130 ´ TXClk 130 ´ TXClk 130 ´ TXClk 130 ´ TXClk Unit µs µs µs µs Delay to activate the start-up mode (see Figure 21) Ton1 19.7 OFF- command at Pin POLLING/_ON (see Figure 20) Ton2 16.6 Delay to activate the sleep mode (see Figure 20) Ton3 17.6 19.7 17.4 19.4 8.5 ´ TClk 9.5 ´ TClk µs 16.6 8.3 4.1 2.1 16.6 8.3 4.1 2.1 16.3 8.2 4.1 2.0 16.3 8.2 4.1 2.0 8 ´ TClk 4 ´ TClk 2 ´ TClk 1 ´ TClk 8 ´ TClk 4 ´ TClk 2 ´ TClk 1 ´ TClk µs µs µs µs fRM 117.9 117.9 119.8 119.8 1 ------------------------------4096 ´ T Clk BR_Range0 BR_Range1 BR_Range2 BR_Range3 after POR t1 3367 2277 1735 1464 16.43 11650 11650 11650 11650 3311 2243 1709 1442 16.18 11470 11470 11470 11470 1624 ´ TClk 1100´ TClk 838 ´ TClk 707 ´ TClk 7936 ´ TClk (see Figure 19 and Figure 33) t2 795 798 783 786 384.5 ´ TClk 385.5 ´ TClk µs Synchronization pulse t3 265 265 261 261 128 ´ TClk 128 ´ TClk µs Delay until of the program window starts t4 131 131 129 129 63.5 ´ TClk 63.5 ´ TClk µs Programming window t5 530 530 522 522 256 ´ TClk 256 ´ TClk µs Time frame of a bit (see Figure 33) t6 1060 1060 1044 1044 512 ´ TClk 512 ´ TClk µs Programming pulse (see Figure 19 and Figure 33) t7 132 529 130 521 64 ´ TClk 256 ´ TClk µs Pulse on Pin DATA at the end of a data stream (see Figure 30) 9.5 ´ TClk 10.5 ´ TClk 8 ´ TClk 16.4 µs µs BR_Range = BR_Range0 BR_Range1 BR_Range2 BR_Range3 TPulse Configuration of the Receiver Frequency of the reset marker (see Figure 31) Programming start pulse (see Figure 19 and Figure 33) BR_Range = Programming delay period 1 ------------------------------4096 ´ T Clk 5632 ´ TClk 5632 ´ TClk 5632 ´ TClk 5632 ´ TClk Hz µs µs µs µs µs 33 4569A–RKE–12/02 Electrical Characteristics (Continued) All parameters refer to GND, Tamb = -40°C to +105°C, VS = 4.5 V to 5.5 V, f0 = 433.92 MHz and f0 = 315 MHz, unless otherwise specified. (For typical values: VS = 5 V, Tamb = 25°C) 6.76438 MHz Osc. (MODE: 1) Parameter Test Conditions Symbol Min. Equivalent acknowledge pulse: E_Ack (see Figure 33) t8 Equivalent time window (see Figure 33) OFF-bit programming window (see Figure 19) Typ. 4.90625 MHz Osc. (MODE: 0) Max. Min. 265 265 t9 534 t10 tDelay2 Typ. Variable Oscillator Max. Min. 261 261 534 526 930 930 0 0 0 0 66.2 33.1 16.56 8.3 Typ. Max. Unit 128 ´ TClk 128 ´ TClk µs 526 258 ´ TClk 258 ´ TClk µs 916 916 449.5 ´ TClk 449.5 ´ TClk µs 16.6 8.3 4.15 2.07 0 0 0 0 16.3 8.2 4.08 2.04 0 0 0 0 1 ´ TXClk 1 ´ TXClk 1 ´ TXClk 1 ´ TXClk µs µs µs µs 66.2 33.1 16.56 8.3 65.2 32.6 16.3 8.2 65.2 32.6 16.3 8.2 4 ´ TXClk 4 ´ TXClk 4 ´ TXClk 4 ´ TXClk 4 ´ TXClk 4 ´ TXClk 4 ´ TXClk 4 ´ TXClk µs µs µs µs Data Clock Minimum delay time between edge at DATA and DATA_CLK (see Figure 26 and Figure 27) BR_Range = Pulswidth of negative pulse at Pin DATA_CLK (see Figure 26 and Figure 27) BR_Range = BR_Range0 BR_Range1 BR_Range2 BR_Range3 BR_Range0 BR_Range1 BR_Range2 BR_Range3 tP_DATA_CLK Electrical Characteristics (Continued) All parameters refer to GND, Tamb = -40°C to +105°C, VS = 4.5 V to 5.5 V, f0 = 433.92 MHz and f0 = 315 MHz, unless otherwise specified. (For typical values: VS = 5 V, Tamb = 25°C) Parameters Test Conditions Current consumption Sleep mode (XTO and polling logic active) IC active (start-up-, bit check-, receiving mode) Pin DATA = H FSK ASK Symbol Min. Typ. Max. Unit ISoff 170 276 µA ISon 7.5 7.1 9.1 8.7 mA mA IIP3 -28 ISLORF -73 LNA Mixer (Input Matched According to Figure 6) Third-order intercept point LNA/mixer/IF amplifier LO spurious emission at RFIn Required according to I-ETS 300220 Noise figure LNA and mixer (DSB) LNA_IN input impedance at 433.92 MHz at 315 MHz 1 dB compression point (LNA, mixer, Referred to RFin IF amplifier) 34 NF 7 ZiLNA_IN 1.0 || 1.56 1.3 || 1.0 IP1db -40 dBm -57 dBm dB kW || pF kW || pF dBm T5743 4569A–RKE–12/02 T5743 Electrical Characteristics (Continued) All parameters refer to GND, Tamb = -40°C to +105°C, VS = 4.5 V to 5.5 V, f0 = 433.92 MHz and f0 = 315 MHz, unless otherwise specified. (For typical values: VS = 5 V, Tamb = 25°C) Parameters Test Conditions Maximum input level BER £ 10 , FSK mode ASK mode Symbol Min. Typ. Max. Unit -22 -20 dBm dBm 449 MHz -93 -113 -90 -110 dBC/Hz dBC/Hz -55 -47 dBC -3 Pin_max Local Oscillator Operating frequency range VCO Phase noise VCO/LO Spurious of the VCO fVCO fosc = 432.92 MHz at 1 MHz at 10 MHz Capacitive load at Pin LF XTO operating frequency Series resonance resistor of the crystal L (fm) at ± fXTO KVCO 190 MHz/V For best LO noise (design parameter) R1 = 820 W C9 = 4.7 nF C10 = 1 nF BLoop 100 kHz The capacitive load at Pin LF is limited if bit check is used. The limitation therefore also applies to self polling. CLF_tot VCO gain Loop bandwidth of the PLL 299 XTO crystal frequency, appropriate load capacitance must be connected to XTAL fXTAL = 6.764375 MHz (EU) fXTAL = 4.90625 MHz (US) fXTO = 6.764 MHz, fXTO = 4.906 MHz Static capacitance at Pin XTO to GND 10 nF +30 ppm MHz RS 150 220 W W C0 6.5 pF -113 -111 -110 -108 dBm dBm dBm dBm fXTO -30 ppm fXTAL Analog Signal Processing Input sensitivity ASK 300 kHz IF-filter Input matched according to Figure 6 ASK (level of carrier) BER £ 10-3, BW = 300 kHz fin = 433.92 MHz/315 MHz VS = 5 V, Tamb = 25°C, fIF = 1 MHz BR_Range0 BR_Range1 BR_Range2 BR_Range3 PRef_ASK -109 -107 -106 -104 -111 -109 -108 -106 35 4569A–RKE–12/02 Electrical Characteristics (Continued) All parameters refer to GND, Tamb = -40°C to +105°C, VS = 4.5 V to 5.5 V, f0 = 433.92 MHz and f0 = 315 MHz, unless otherwise specified. (For typical values: VS = 5 V, Tamb = 25°C) Parameters Test Conditions Symbol Input sensitivity ASK 600 kHz IF-filter Input matched according to Figure 6 ASK (level of carrier) BER £ 10-3, BW = 600kHz fin = 433.92 MHz/315 MHz VS = 5 V, Tamb = 25°C, fIF = 1 MHz BR_Range0 BR_Range1 BR_Range2 BR_Range3 PRef_ASK Min. Typ. Max. Unit -108 -106.5 -106 -104 -110 -108.5 -108 -106 -112 -110.5 -110 -108 dBm dBm dBm dBm Sensitivity variation ASK for the full operating range compared to Tamb = 25°C, VS = 5 V 300 kHz and 600 kHz version fin = 433.92 MHz/315 MHz fIF = 1 MHz, PASK = PRef_ASK + DPRef DPRef +2.5 -1.5 dB Sensitivity variation ASK for full operating range including IF-filter compared to Tamb = 25°C, VS = 5 V, 300 kHz version fin = 433.92 MHz/315 MHz fIF = 0.89 MHz to 1.11 MHz fIF = 0.86 MHz to 1.14 MHz PASK = PRef_ASK + DPRef DPRef +5.5 +7.5 -1.5 -1.5 dB dB 600 kHz version fin = 433.92 MHz/315 MHz fIF = 0.79 MHz to 1.21 MHz fIF = 0.73 MHz to 1.27 MHz PASK = PRef_ASK + DPRef DPRef +5.5 +7.5 -1.5 -1.5 dB dB BR_Range0 df = ±16 kHz df = ±10 kHz to ±30 kHz PRef_FSK -101 -99 -104 -105.5 -105.5 dBm dBm BR_Range1 df = ±16 kHz df = ±10 kHz to ±30 kHz PRef_FSK -99 -97 -102 -103.5 -103.5 dBm dBm BR_Range2 df = ± 16 kHz df = ±10 kHz to ±30 kHz PRef_FSK -97.5 -95.5 -100.5 -102 -102 dBm dBm BR_Range3 df = ±16 kHz df = ±10 kHz to ±30 kHz PRef_FSK -95.5 -93.5 -98.5 -100 -100 dBm dBm Input sensitivity FSK 300 kHz IF-filter 36 Input matched according to Figure 6 BER £ 10-3, BW = 300 kHz fin = 433.92 MHz/315 MHz VS = 5 V, Tamb = 25°C fIF = 1 MHz T5743 4569A–RKE–12/02 T5743 Electrical Characteristics (Continued) All parameters refer to GND, Tamb = -40°C to +105°C, VS = 4.5 V to 5.5 V, f0 = 433.92 MHz and f0 = 315 MHz, unless otherwise specified. (For typical values: VS = 5 V, Tamb = 25°C) Parameters Test Conditions Symbol Min. Typ. Max. Unit Input sensitivity FSK 600 kHz IF-filter Input matched according to Figure 6 BER £ 10-3, BW = 600 kHz fin = 433.92 MHz/315 MHz VS = 5 V, Tamb = 25°C fIF = 1 MHz BR_Range0 df = ±16 kHz df = ±10 kHz to ±100 kHz PRef_FSK -101 -99 -104 -105.5 -105.5 dBm dBm BR_Range1 df = ±16 kHz df = ±10 kHz to ±100 kHz PRef_FSK -99 -97 -102 -103.5 -103.5 dBm dBm BR_Range2 df = ±16 kHz df = ±10 kHz to ±100 kHz PRef_FSK -97.5 -95.5 -100.5 -102 -102 dBm dBm BR_Range3 df = ±16 kHz df = ±10 kHz to ±100 kHz PRef_FSK -95.5 -93.5 -98.5 -100 -100 dBm dBm Sensitivity variation FSK for the full operating range compared to Tamb = 25°C, VS = 5 V 300 kHz and 600 kHz version fin = 433.92 MHz/315 MHz fIF = 1 MHz PFSK = PRef_FSK + DPRef DPRef +3 -1.5 dB Sensitivity variation FSK for the full operating range including IF-filter compared to Tamb = 25°C, VS = 5 V 300 kHz version fin = 433.92 MHz/ 315 MHz fIF = 0.89 MHz to 1.11 MHz fIF = 0.86 MHz to 1.14 MHz fIF = 0.82 MHz to 1.18 MHz PFSK = PRef_FSK + DPRef DPRef +6 +8 +11 -2 -2 -2 dB dB dB 600 kHz version fin = 433.92 MHz/ 315 MHz fIF = 0.85 MHz to 1.15 MHz fIF = 0.80 MHz to 1.20 MHz fIF = 0.74 MHz to 1.26 MHz PFSK = PRef_FSK + DPRef DPRef +6 +8 +11 -2 -2 -2 dB dB dB 12 3 dB dB S/N ratio to suppress inband noise ASK mode signals. Noise signals may have any FSK mode modulation scheme SNRASK SNRFSK Dynamic range RSSI ampl. DRRSSI Lower cut-off frequency of the data filter CDEM = 33 nF Recommended CDEM for best performance BR_Range0 (default) BR_Range1 BR_Range2 BR_Range3 1 f cu_DF = ----------------------------------------------------------2 ´ p ´ 30 kW ´ CDEM fcu_DF CDEM 60 0.11 0.16 39 22 12 8.2 dB 0.20 kHz nF nF nF nF 37 4569A–RKE–12/02 Electrical Characteristics (Continued) All parameters refer to GND, Tamb = -40°C to +105°C, VS = 4.5 V to 5.5 V, f0 = 433.92 MHz and f0 = 315 MHz, unless otherwise specified. (For typical values: VS = 5 V, Tamb = 25°C) Parameters Test Conditions Edge-to-edge time period of the input data signal for full sensitivity BR_Range0 (default) BR_Range1 BR_Range2 BR_Range3 Upper cut-off frequency data filter Upper cut-off frequency programmable in 4 ranges via a serial mode word BR_Range0 (default) BR_Range1 BR_Range2 BR_Range3 Reduced sensitivity tee_sig 270 156 89 50 fu 2.8 4.8 8.0 15.0 Typ. 3.4 6.0 10.0 19.0 Max. Unit 1000 560 320 180 µs µs µs µs 4.0 7.2 12.0 23.0 kHz kHz kHz kHz dBm (peak level) -71 -67 -76 -72 -81 -77 dBm dBm RSense = 100 kW, fin = 433.92 MHz, at BW = 300 kHz at BW = 600 kHz -80 -76 -85 -81 -90 -86 dBm dBm RSense = 56 kW, fin = 315 MHz, at BW = 300 kHz at BW = 600 kHz -72 -68 -77 -73 -82 -78 dBm dBm RSense = 100 kW, fin = 315 MHz, at BW = 300 kHz at BW = 600 kHz -81 -77 -86 -82 -91 -87 dBm dBm DPRed 5 6 0 0 0 0 dB dB DPRed DPRed DPRed DPRed DPRed DPRed 0 -3.5 -6.0 -9.0 -11.0 -13.5 VThRESET 1.95 Reduced sensitivity variation over full operating range RSense = 56 kW RSense = 100 kW PRed = PRef_Red + DPRed Reduced sensitivity variation for different values of RSense Values relative to RSense = 56 kW 38 Min. RSense connected from Pin Sens to VS, input matched according to Figure 6 RSense = 56 kW, fin = 433.92 MHz, at BW = 300 kHz at BW = 600 kHz Threshold voltage for reset Symbol RSense = 56 kW RSense = 68 kW RSense = 82 kW RSense = 100 kW RSense = 120 kW RSense = 150 kW PRed = PRef_Red + DPRed PRef_Red dB dB dB dB dB dB 2.8 3.75 V T5743 4569A–RKE–12/02 T5743 Electrical Characteristics (Continued) All parameters refer to GND, Tamb = -40°C to +105°C, VS = 4.5 V to 5.5 V, f0 = 433.92 MHz and f0 = 315 MHz, unless otherwise specified. (For typical values: VS = 5 V, Tamb = 25°C) Parameters Test Conditions Symbol Min. Typ. Max. Unit 0.35 0.08 0.8 0.3 20 20 45 85 V V V µA mA °C 0.35 ´ VS V V Digital Ports Data output - Saturation voltage Low - max voltage at Pin DATA - quiescent current - short-circuit current - ambient temperature in case of permanent short-circuit Data input - Input voltage Low - Input voltage High Iol £ 12 mA Iol = 2 mA Voh = 20 V Vol = 0.8 V to 20 V Voh = 0 V to 20 V Vol Vol Voh Iqu Iol_lim tamb_sc VIl Vich 13 30 0.65 ´ VS DATA_CLK output - Saturation voltage Low - Saturation voltage High IDATA_CLK = 1 mA IDATA_CLK = -1 mA Vol Voh VS-0.4 V 0.1 VS-0.15 V 0.4 V V IC_ACTIVE output - Saturation voltage Low - Saturation voltage High IIC_ACTIVE = 1 mA IIC_ACTIVE = -1 mA Vol Voh VS-0.4 V 0.1 VS-0.15 V 0.4 V V POLLING/_ON input - Low level input voltage - High level input voltage Receiving mode Polling mode VIl VIh 0.8 ´ VS 0.2 ´ VS V V MODE input - Low level input voltage - High level input voltage Division factor = 10 Division factor = 14 VIl VIh 0.8 ´ VS 0.2 ´ VS V V 0.2 ´ VS V TEST input - Low level input voltage Test input must always be set to Low VIl 39 4569A–RKE–12/02 Ordering Information Extended Type Number Package Remarks T5743P3-TG SO20 Tube, IF bandwidth of 300 kHz T5743P3-TGQ SO20 Taped and reeled, IF bandwidth of 300 kHz T5743P6-TG SO20 Tube, IF bandwidth of 600 kHz T5743P6-TGQ SO20 Taped and reeled, IF bandwidth of 600 kHz Package Information 9.15 8.65 Package SO20 Dimensions in mm 12.95 12.70 7.5 7.3 2.35 0.25 0.25 0.10 0.4 10.50 10.20 1.27 11.43 20 11 technical drawings according to DIN specifications 1 40 10 T5743 4569A–RKE–12/02 Atmel Headquarters Atmel Operations Corporate Headquarters Memory 2325 Orchard Parkway San Jose, CA 95131 TEL 1(408) 441-0311 FAX 1(408) 487-2600 Europe Atmel Sarl Route des Arsenaux 41 Case Postale 80 CH-1705 Fribourg Switzerland TEL (41) 26-426-5555 FAX (41) 26-426-5500 Asia Room 1219 Chinachem Golden Plaza 77 Mody Road Tsimhatsui East Kowloon Hong Kong TEL (852) 2721-9778 FAX (852) 2722-1369 Japan 9F, Tonetsu Shinkawa Bldg. 1-24-8 Shinkawa Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0033 Japan TEL (81) 3-3523-3551 FAX (81) 3-3523-7581 2325 Orchard Parkway San Jose, CA 95131 TEL 1(408) 441-0311 FAX 1(408) 436-4314 Microcontrollers 2325 Orchard Parkway San Jose, CA 95131 TEL 1(408) 441-0311 FAX 1(408) 436-4314 La Chantrerie BP 70602 44306 Nantes Cedex 3, France TEL (33) 2-40-18-18-18 FAX (33) 2-40-18-19-60 ASIC/ASSP/Smart Cards Zone Industrielle 13106 Rousset Cedex, France TEL (33) 4-42-53-60-00 FAX (33) 4-42-53-60-01 RF/Automotive Theresienstrasse 2 Postfach 3535 74025 Heilbronn, Germany TEL (49) 71-31-67-0 FAX (49) 71-31-67-2340 1150 East Cheyenne Mtn. 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The Company assumes no responsibility for any errors which may appear in this document, reserves the right to change devices or specifications detailed herein at any time without notice, and does not make any commitment to update the information contained herein. No licenses to patents or other intellectual property of Atmel are granted by the Company in connection with the sale of Atmel products, expressly or by implication. Atmel’s products are not authorized for use as critical components in life support devices or systems. Atmel ® is the registered trademark of Atmel. Other terms and product names may be the trademarks of others. Printed on recycled paper. 4569A–RKE–12/02 xM