TK113xxBM/U VOLTAGE REGULATOR WITH ON/OFF SWITCH FEATURES APPLICATIONS High Voltage Precision at ± 2.0% Active Low On/Off Control Very Low Dropout Voltage 80 mV at 30 mA Very Low Noise Very Small SOT23L or SOT89 Surface Mount Packages ■ Internal Thermal Shutdown ■ Short Circuit Protection ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ DESCRIPTION The TK113xxB is a low dropout linear regulator with a builtin electronic switch. The device is in the “on” state when the control pin is pulled to a low level. An external capacitor can be connected to the noise bypass pin to lower the output noise level to 30 µVrms. Battery Powered Systems Cellular Telephones Pagers Personal Communications Equipment Portable Instrumentation Portable Consumer Equipment Radio Control Systems Toys Low Voltage Systems The TK113xxB is available in either 6-pin SOT23L or 5-pin SOT89 surface mount packages. TK113xxB CONTROL VIN 20 P An internal PNP pass transistor is used to achieve a low dropout voltage of 80 mV (typ.) at 30 mA load current. The TK113xxB has a very low quiescent current of 170 µA at no load and 1 mA with a 30 mA load. The standby current is typically 100 nA. The internal thermal shut down circuitry limits the junction temperature to below 150 °C. The load current is internally monitored and the device will shut down in the presence of a short circuit or overcurrent condition at the output. GND SOT23L NOISE BYPASS NOISE BYPASS GND CONTROL SOT89 GND VOUT VOUT GND VIN ORDERING INFORMATION TK113 B Tape/Reel Code Voltage Code Temp. Code Package Code VOLTAGE CODE PACKAGE CODE: 20 = 2.0 V 21 = 2.1 V 22 = 2.2 V 23 = 2.3 V 24 = 2.4 V 25 = 2.5 V 26 = 2.6 V 27 = 2.7 V 28 = 2.8 V 29 = 2.9 V 30 = 3.0 V 31 = 3.1 V 32 = 3.2 V 33 = 3.3 V 34 = 3.4 V 35 = 3.5 V 36 = 3.6 V M: SOT23L U: SOT89 37 = 3.7 V 38 = 3.8 V 39 = 3.9 V 40 = 4.0 V 41 = 4.1 V 42 = 4.2 V 43 = 4.3 V 44 = 4.4 V 45 = 4.5 V 46 = 4.6 V 47 = 4.7 V 48 = 4.8 V 49 = 4.9 V 50 = 5.0 V 55 = 5.5 V 60 = 6.0 V 80 = 8.0 V BLOCK DIAGRAM April 2000 TOKO, Inc. VIN VOUT THERMAL PROTECTION TAPE/REEL CODE L: Tape Left (SOT23L) B: Tape Left (SOT89) TEMP. CODE: CONTROL C: -30 to +80 °C I: -40 to +85°C BANDGAP REFERENCE GND NOISE BYPASS Page 1 TK113xxBM/U ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS (VOUT ≥ 2.0 V) Supply Voltage ......................................................... 16 V Output Current .................................................... 260 mA Power Dissipation SOT-23L (Note 1) ............... 600 mW Power Dissipation SOT-23L (Note 1) ............... 900 mW Reverse Bias ............................................................ 10 V Storage Temperature Range ................... -55 to +150 °C Operating Temperature Range .................. -30 to +80 °C Voltage Range ............................................ 1.8 to 14.5 V Operating Junction Temperature .......................... 150 °C TK113xxBM/UC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (VOUT ≥ 2.0 V) Test conditions: TA = 25 °C, unless otherwise specified. SYMBOL PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS IQ Quiescent Current IOUT = 0 mA, Excluding ICONT ISTBY Standby Current VIN = 8 V, Output OFF VOUT Output Voltage IOUT = 30 mA Line Reg Line Regulation Load Reg Load Regulation MIN TYP MAX UNITS 170 250 µA 0.1 µA See Table 1 V VOUT ≤ 5.5 V, (Note 2) 3.0 20 mV VOUT ≥ 5.6 V, (Note 2) 15 40 mV IOUT = 1 to 60 mA, (Note 2) 6 30 mV IOUT = 1 to 100 mA, (Note 2) 18 60 mV IOUT = 1 to 150 mA, (Note 2) 23 90 mV IOUT = 60 mA, (Note 2) 0.12 0.20 V IOUT = 150 mA, (Note 2) 0.26 0.39 V VDROP Dropout Voltage IOUT Continuous Output Current (Note 2) 150 mA IOUT(PULSE) Pulse Output Current 5 ms pulse, 12.5 % duty cycle 180 mA RR Ripple Rejection f = 400 Hz, CL = 10 µF, CN = 0.1 µF, VIN = VOUT + 1.5 V, IOUT = 30 mA, VRIPPLE = 100 mVrms, (Note 3) 60 dB VNO Output Noise Voltage 10 Hz ≤ f ≤ 80 kHz, CL = 10 µF, CN = 0.1 µF, VCN = VOUT + 1.5 V, IOUT = 60 mA, (Notes 3,4) 30 µVrms Vref Noise Bypass Terminal Voltage 1.25 V ∆VOUT /∆T Temperature Coefficient 40 ppm/° C IOUT = 10 mA CONTROL TERMINAL SPECIFICATIONS ICONT Control Current VCONT = 1.8 V, Output ON VCONT(ON) Control Voltage ON Output ON VCONT(OFF) Control Voltage OFF Output OFF 12 VCC-0.6 35 µA VCC-1.8 V V Note 1: When mounted as recommended. Derate at 4.8 mW/°C for SOT-23L and 6.4 mW/°C for SOT-89 packages for operation above 25°C. Note 2: Refer to “Definition of Terms.” Note 3: Ripple rejection and noise voltage are affected by the value and characteristics of the capacitor used. Note 4: Output noise voltage can be reduced by connecting a capacitor to a noise pass terminal. Gen. Note: Parameters with min. or max. values are 100% tested at TA = 25 °C. Page 2 April 2000 TOKO, Inc. TK113xxBM/U ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS TK113xxBI (VOUT ≥ 2.5 V) Supply Voltage ......................................................... 16 V Power Dissipation SOT-23L (Note1) .................. 600 mW Power Dissipation SOT-89 (Note1) .................... 900 mW Reverse Bias ............................................................ 10 V Storage Temperature Range ................... -55 to +150 °C Operating Temperature Range ................... -40 to +85 °C Operating Voltage Range ............................ 1.8 to 14.5 V Junction Temperature ........................................... 150 °C TK113xxBM/UI ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (VOUT ≥ 2.5 V) Test conditions: TA = -40 to 85 °C, unless otherwise specified. SYMBOL PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS IQ Quiescent Current IOUT = 0 mA, Excluding ICONT ISTBY Standby Current VIN = 8 V, Output OFF VOUT Output Voltage IOUT = 30 mA Line Reg Line Regulation Load Reg Load Regulation MIN TYP MAX UNITS 170 300 µA 0.2 µA See Table 2 V VOUT ≤ 5.5 V,(Note 2) 3.0 25 mV VOUT 15 40 mV IOUT = 1 to 60 mA, (Note 2) 6 40 mV IOUT = 1 to 100 mA, (Note 2) 18 80 mV IOUT = 1 to 150 mA, (Note 2) 23 110 mV IOUT = 60 mA, (Note 2) 0.12 0.23 V IOUT = 150 mA, (Note 2) 0.26 0.40 V 5.6 V,(Note 2) VDROP Dropout Voltage IOUT Continuous Output Current (Note 2) 150 mA IOUT(PULSE) Pulse Output Current 5 ms pulse, 12.5 % duty cycle 180 mA RR Ripple Rejection f = 400 Hz, CL = 10 µF, CN = 0.1 µF, VIN = VOUT + 1.5 V, IOUT = 30 mA, VRIPPLE = 100 mVrms, (Note 3) 60 dB VNO Output Noise Voltage 10 Hz ≤ f ≤ 80 kHz, CL = 10 µF, CN = 0.1 µF, VCN = VOUT + 1.5 V, IOUT = 60 mA, (Notes 3,4) 30 µVrms Vref Noise Bypass Terminal Voltage 1.25 V ∆VOUT /∆T Temperature Coefficient 40 ppm/° C IOUT = 10 mA CONTROL TERMINAL SPECIFICATIONS ICONT Control Current VCONT = 1.8 V, Output ON VCONT(ON) Control Voltage ON Output ON VCONT(OFF) Control Voltage OFF Output OFF 12 VCC-0.5 40 µA VCC-2.0 V V Note 1: When mounted as recommended. Derate at 4.8 mw/°C for SOT-23L and 6.4 mw/°C for SOT-89 packages for operation above 25 °C. Note 2: Refer to “Definition of Terms.” Note 3: Ripple rejection and noise voltage are affected by the value and characteristics of the capacitor used. Note 4: Output noise voltage can be reduced by connecting a capacitor to a noise pass terminal. Gen Note: Parameters with min. or max. values are 100% tested at TA = 25 °C. Gen Note: For Line Regulation, typ. and max. is changed to VOUT > 5.6 V. April 2000 TOKO, Inc. Page 3 TK113xxBM/U TK113xxBM/UC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS TABLE 1 Test conditions: TA = 25 °C, IOUT = 30 mA, unless otherwise specified. Output Voltage 2.0 V 2.1 V 2.2 V 2.3 V 2.4 V 2.5 V 2.6 V 2.7 V 2.8 V 2.9 V 3.0 V 3.1 V 3.2 V 3.3 V 3.4 V 3.5 V 3.6 V Page 4 Voltage Code 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 VOUT(MIN) VOUT(MAX) 1.940 V 2.040 V 2.140 V 2.240 V 2.340 V 2.440 V 2.540 V 2.640 V 2.740 V 2.840 V 2.940 V 3.040 V 3.140 V 3.240 V 3.335 V 3.435 V 3.535 V 2.060 V 2.160 V 2.260 V 2.360 V 2.460 V 2.560 V 2.660 V 2.760 V 2.860 V 2.960 V 3.060 V 3.160 V 3.260 V 3.360 V 3.465 V 3.565 V 3.665 V Test Voltage 3.0 V 3.1 V 3.2 V 3.3 V 3.4 V 3.5 V 3.6 V 3.7 V 3.8 V 3.9 V 4.0 V 4.1 V 4.2 V 4.3 V 4.4 V 4.5 V 4.6 V Output Voltage 3.7 V 3.8 V 3.9 V 4.0 V 4.1 V 4.2 V 4.3 V 4.4 V 4.5 V 4.6 V 4.7 V 4.8 V 4.9 V 5.0 V 5.5 V 6.0 V 8.0 V Voltage Code 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 55 60 80 VOUT(MIN) VOUT(MAX) 3.630 V 3.725 V 3.825 V 3.920 V 4.020 V 4.120 V 4.215 V 4.315 V 4.410 V 4.510 V 4.605 V 4.705 V 4.800 V 4.900 V 5.390 V 5.880 V 7.840 V 3.770 V 3.875 V 3.975 V 4.080 V 4.180 V 4.280 V 4.385 V 4.485 V 4.590 V 4.690 V 4.795 V 4.895 V 5.000 V 5.100 V 5.610 V 6.120 V 8.160 V Test Voltage 4.7 V 4.8 V 4.9 V 5.0 V 5.1 V 5.2 V 5.3 V 5.4 V 5.5 V 5.6 V 5.7 V 5.8 V 5.9 V 6.0 V 6.5 V 7.0 V 9.0 V April 2000 TOKO, Inc. TK113xxBM/U TK113xxBM/UI ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS TABLE 2 Test Conditions: VIN = VOUT(TYP) + 1 V, IOUT = 30 mA, unless otherwise specified. Output Voltage Voltage Code 2.5 V 2.6 V 2.7 V 2.8 V 2.9 V 3.0 V 3.1 V 3.2 V 3.3 V 3.4 V 3.5 V 3.6 V 3.7 V 3.8 V 3.9 V 4.0 V 4.1 V 4.2 V 4.3 V 4.4 V 4.5 V 4.6 V 4.7 V 4.8 V 4.9 V 5.0 V 5.5 V 6.0 V 8.0 V 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 55 60 80 April 2000 TOKO, Inc. Room Temp. Range (TA = 25 °C) VOUT(MAX) VOUT(MIN) 2.440 V 2.540 V 2.640 V 2.750 V 2.840 V 2.940 V 3.040 V 3.140 V 3.240 V 3.335 V 3.435 V 3.535 V 3.630 V 3.725 V 3.825 V 3.920 V 4.020 V 4.120 V 4.215 V 4.315 V 4.410 V 4.510 V 4.605 V 4.705 V 4.800 V 4.900 V 5.390 V 5.880 V 7.840 V 2.560 V 2.660 V 2.760 V 2.860 V 2.960 V 3.060 V 3.160 V 3.260 V 3.360 V 3.465 V 3.565 V 3.665 V 3.770 V 3.875 V 3.975 V 4.080 V 4.180 V 4.280 V 4.385 V 4.485 V 4.590 V 4.690 V 4.795 V 4.895 V 5.000 V 5.100 V 5.610 V 6.120 V 8.160 V Full Temp. Range (TA = -40 to +85 °C) VOUT(MIN) VOUT(MAX) 2.400 V 2.500 V 2.600 V 2.700 V 2.800 V 2.900 V 3.000 V 3.095 V 3.190 V 3.290 V 3.385 V 3.485 V 3.580 V 3.675 V 3.770 V 3.870 V 3.965 V 4.060 V 4.160 V 4.255 V 4.350 V 4.450 V 4.545 V 4.640 V 4.740 V 4.835 V 5.320 V 5.805 V 7.745 V 2.600 V 2.700 V 2.800 V 2.900 V 3.000 V 3.100 V 3.200 V 3.305 V 3.410 V 3.510 V 3.615 V 3.720 V 3.820 V 3.925 V 4.030 V 4.130 V 4.235 V 4.335 V 4.440 V 4.545 V 4.645 V 4.750 V 4.850 V 4.955 V 5.060 V 5.165 V 5.680 V 6.195 V 8.265 V Page 5 TK113xxBM/U TEST CIRCUITS SOT23L SOT89 IIN IIN VIN VIN + + VOUT IOUT + VIN + + 1.0 µF NOISE BYPASS TRANSIENT RESPONSE VIN CONT CN 0.1 µF CN 0.1 µF ICONT VOUT 2.2 µF NOISE BYPASS CONT + VOUT VOUT 2.2 µF 1 µF VCONT IOUT + ICONT VCONT 1 VIN 113XXB V OUT RS CN 0.1 µF CONT 1 µF CL = 10 µF to 0.22 µF Note: Connect pin 5 to ground for heat sink TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS TA = 25 °C, unless otherwise specified. OUTPUT VOLTAGE RESPONSE (OFF→ON) SHORT CIRCUIT CURRENT LOAD REGULATION CL = 2.2 µF 5 VOUT (5 mV/DIV) VCONT VOUT(TYP) VOUT (V) CN = 0.01 µF 4 VOUT CN = 0.1 µF 2 1 ILOAD = 30 mA 0 200 400 600 800 0 50 150 300 IOUT (mA) OUTPUT VOLTAGE VS. INPUT VOLTAGE LINE REGULATION DROPOUT VOLTAGE VS. OUTPUT CURRENT VOUT(TYP) -100 VDROP (mV) IOUT = 50 mA 0 VOUT (50 mV/DIV) IOUT = 30 mA IOUT = 90 mA Page 6 0 IOUT (mA) IOUT = 0 mA 0 0 100 TIME (µs) VOUT(TYP) VOUT (25 mV/DIV) 3 VIN = VOUT VIN (V) (50 mV/DIV) -200 -300 -400 0 10 VIN (V) 20 0 100 200 IOUT (mA) April 2000 TOKO, Inc. TK113xxBM/U TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS (CONT.) TA = 25 °C, unless otherwise specified. 8 400 4 50 200 0 0 100 200 20 10 0 20 10 IOUT (mA) VREV (V) QUIESCENT CURRENT (ON MODE) VS. INPUT VOLTAGE QUIESCENT CURRENT DROPOUT VOLTAGE IOUT = 0 mA 3V 2V 5V 500 400 IOUT = 60 mA VDROP (mV) IQ (mA) 2 VOUT = 1 0 0 VIN (V) 2 IQ (mA) 300 100 2 0 100 IQ (pA) 500 IREV (µA) IGND (mA) 10 6 QUIESCENT CURRENT (OFF MODE) VS. INPUT VOLTAGE REVERSE BIAS CURRENT (VIN = 0 V) GROUND CURRENT VS. OUTPUT CURRENT 1 IOUT = 150 mA 300 IOUT = 60 mA 200 4V 100 IOUT = 30 mA IOUT = 30 mA 0 0 0 -50 10 5 0 0 CONTROL CURRENT 100 -50 0 100 50 TA (°C) VCONT (VOUT, ON POINT) MAXIMUM OUTPUT CURRENT RCONT = 0 Ω 2.0 50 50 TA (°C) VIN (V ) VOUT = 2.7 V 280 30 20 VOUT = 2 to 2.6 V IOUT (mA) VCONT = 5 V VCONT (V) ICONT (µA) 40 1.0 VCONT = 1.8 V 270 260 250 10 240 0 -50 0 50 TA (°C) April 2000 TOKO, Inc. 100 0 -50 0 50 TA (°C) 100 -50 0 50 100 TA (°C) Page 7 TK113xxBM/U TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS (CONT.) TA = 25 °C, unless otherwise specified. LINE VOLTAGE STEP RESPONSE OUTPUT VOLTAGE VARIATION LOAD CURRENT STEP RESPONSE -10 3 V 5V -20 CN = 0.01 µF, CL = 2.2 µF -30 -50 0 50 CN = 0.01 F, CL = 2.2 µF CN = 0.1 F, CL = 10 µF 100 TIME (50 µs/DIV) TIME (50 µs/DIV) TA (°C) NOISE LEVEL NOISE SPECTRUM 0 VS. CN RIPPLE REJECTION 250 CL = 3.3 µF, CN = NONE I OUT = 30 mA -20 CL = 2.2 µF 150 100 RR (dB) NOISE (µV) -50 0 VOUT = 3 V IOUT = 60 mA 200 dB VOUT IOUT VIN CN = 0.001 µF, CL = .22 µF 50 mA VOUT 4V 0 VOUT (50 mV/DIV) VOUT = 2 V VOUT +1 V VOUT ∆VOUT (mV) 10 100 mA VOUT VOUT (10 mV/DIV) VOUT +2 V CL = 3.3µF CL = 10 µF -40 CN = 0.01 µF CN = 0.1 µF -60 CL = 3.3 µF, CN = 0.1 µF SPECTRUM ANALYZER BACKGROUND NOISE -100 50 -80 0 0 500 k f (Hz) Page 8 1M 1 PF 10 100 1000 .01 µF CN .1 -100 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 f (kHz) April 2000 TOKO, Inc. TK113xxBM/U DEFINITION AND EXPLANATION OF TECHNICAL TERMS OUTPUT VOLTAGE (VOUT) QUIESCENT CURRENT (IQ) The output voltage is specified with VIN = (VOUT(TYP) + 1 V) and IOUT = 30 mA. The quiescent current is the current which flows through the ground terminal under no load conditions (IOUT = 0 mA). DROPOUT VOLTAGE (VDROP) GROUND CURRENT (IGND) The dropout voltage is the difference between the input voltage and the output voltage at which point the regulator starts to fall out of regulation. Below this value, the output voltage will fall as the input voltage is reduced. It is dependent upon the load current and the junction temperature. Ground current is the current which flows through the ground pin(s). It is defined as IIN - IOUT, excluding control current. RIPPLE REJECTION RATIO (RR) This is the maximum continuous output current as specified under the condition where the output voltage drops 0.3 V below the value specified with IOUT = 30 mA. The input voltage is set to VOUT +1 V, and the current is pulsed to minimize temperature effect. Ripple rejection is the ability of the regulator to attenuate the ripple content of the input voltage at the output. It is specified with 100 mVrms, 400 Hz superimposed on the input voltage, where VIN = VOUT + 1.5 V. The output decoupling capacitor is set to 10 µF, the noise bypass capacitor is set to 0.1 µF, and the load current is set to 30 mA. Ripple rejection is the ratio of the ripple content of the output vs. the input and is expressed in dB. CONTINUOUS OUTPUT CURRENT (IOUT) STANDBY CURRENT (ISTBY) Normal operating output current. This is limited by package power dissipation. PULSE OUTPUT CURRENT (IOUT(PULSE)) Standby current is the current which flows into the regulator when the output is turned off by the control function (VCONT = VIN). It is measured with VIN = 8 V (9 V for the 8 V output device). Max pulse width 5 ms, Duty cycle 12.5%: pulse load only. SENSOR CIRCUITS LINE REGULATION (Line Reg) Overcurrent Sensor Line regulation is the ability of the regulator to maintain a constant output voltage as the input voltage changes. The line regulation is specified as the input voltage is changed from VIN = VOUT(TYP) + 1 V to VIN = VOUT(TYP) + 6 V. The overcurrent sensor protects the device in the event that the output is shorted to ground. LOAD REGULATION (Load Reg) The thermal sensor protects the device in the event that the junction temperature exceeds the safe value (Tj = 150 °C). This temperature rise can be caused by external heat, excessive power dissipation caused by large input to output voltage drops, or excessive output current. The regulator will shut off when the temperature exceeds the safe value. As the junction temperatures decrease, the regulator will begin to operate again. Under sustained fault conditions, the regulator output will oscillate as the device turns off then resets. Damage may occur to the device under extreme fault conditions. OUTPUT CURRENT (IOUT(MAX)) Load regulation is the ability of the regulator to maintain a constant output voltage as the load current changes. It is a pulsed measurement to minimize temperature effects with the input voltage set to VIN = VOUT +1 V. The load regulation is specified under two output current step conditions of 1 mA to 60 mA and 1 mA to 100 mA. April 2000 TOKO, Inc. Thermal Sensor Page 9 TK113xxBM/U DEFINITION AND EXPLANATION OF TECHNICAL TERMS (CONT.) Reverse Voltage Protection Reverse voltage protection prevents damage due to the output voltage being higher than the input voltage. This fault condition can occur when the output capacitor remains charged and the input is reduced to zero, or when an external voltage higher than the input voltage is applied to the output side. If the control function is not used, connect the control terminal to VIN. When the control function is used, the control current can be reduced by inserting a series resistor (RCONT) between the control terminal and VIN. The value of this resistor should be determined from the graph below. CONTROL PIN CURRENT VS. VOLTAGE CONTROL CURRENT 50 40 VOUT ICONT (µA) VIN RCONT = 0 30 20 10 RC SW CN RCONT =100K 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 VCONT (V) Note: VCONT = differential voltage from VIN pin to VCONT pin. SOT23L The requirement for the pullup resistor (RPULLUP) is determined by the external control circuitry. For example, open collector/open drain logic may require RPULLUP over temperature; CMOS logic will not require RPULLUP. VIN CN RC SW SOT89 Page 10 April 2000 TOKO, Inc. TK113xxBM/U DEFINITION AND EXPLANATION OF TECHNICAL TERMS (CONT.) ON/OFF RESPONSE WITH CONTROL AND LOAD TRANSIENT RESPONSE The turn-on time depends upon the value of the output capacitor and the noise bypass capacitor. The turn-on time will increase with the value of either capacitor. The graphs below shows the relationship between turn-on time and load capacitance. If the value of these capacitors is reduced, the load and line regulation will suffer and the noise voltage will increase. If the value of these capacitors is increased, the turn-on time will increase. OUTPUT VOLTAGE RESPONSE (OFF→ON) OUTPUT VOLTAGE RESPONSE (OFF→ON) CL = 2.2 µF CN = 0.01 µF CL = 1.0 µF CL = 0.47 µF 5 15 25 35 CN = 0.1 µF VOUT VOUT CL = 1.5 µF 45 TIME (µs) 30 to 60 mA 0 to 30 mA CL = 0.33 µF ILOAD CL = 0.33 µF ILOAD = 5 to 35 mA VOUT (200 mV/DIV) VCONT VCONT ILOAD = 10 mA, CN = 1000 pF -5 LOAD CURRENT STEP RESPONSE ILOAD = 30 mA 0 200 400 TIME (µs) 600 800 -5 5 15 25 35 45 TIME( µs) REDUCTION OF OUTPUT NOISE Although the architecture of the Toko regulators is designed to minimize semiconductor noise, further reduction can be achieved by the selection of external components. The obvious solution is to increase the size of the output capacitor. A more effective solution would be to add a capacitor to the noise bypass terminal. The value of this capacitor should be 0.1 µf or higher (higher values provide greater noise reduction). Although stable operation is possible without the noise bypass capacitor, this terminal has a high impedance and care should be taken to avoid a large circuit area on the printed circuit board when the capacitor is not used. Please note that several parameters are affected by the value of the capacitors and bench testing is recommended when deviating from standard values. April 2000 TOKO, Inc. Page 11 TK113xxBM/U DEFINITION AND EXPLANATION OF TECHNICAL TERMS (CONT.) PACKAGE POWER DISSIPATION (PD) This is the power dissipation level at which the thermal sensor is activated. The IC contains an internal thermal sensor which monitors the junction temperature. When the junction temperature exceeds the monitor threshold of 150 °C, the IC is shut down. The junction temperature rises as the difference between the input power (VIN x IIN) and the output power (VOUT x IOUT) increases. The rate of temperature rise is greatly affected by the mounting pad configuration on the PCB, the board material, and the ambient temperature. When the IC mounting has good thermal conductivity, the junction temperature will be low even if the power dissipation is great. When mounted on the recommended mounting pad, the power dissipation of the SOT-23L is increased to 600 mW. For operation at ambient temperatures over 25 °C, the power dissipation of the SOT-23L device should be derated at 4.8 mW/°C. The power dissipation of the SOT-89 package is 900 mW when mounted as recommended. Derate the power dissipation at 7.2 mW/°C for operation above 25 °C. To determine the power dissipation for shutdown when mounted, attach the device on the actual PCB and deliberately increase the output current (or raise the input voltage) until the thermal protection circuit is activated. Calculate the power dissipation of the device by subtracting the output power from the input power. These measurements should allow for the ambient temperature of the PCB. The value obtained from PD /(150 °C - TA) is the derating factor. The PCB mounting pad should provide maximum thermal conductivity in order to maintain low device temperatures. As a general rule, the lower the temperature, the better the reliability of the device. The thermal resistance when mounted is expressed as follows: the output side is shorted. Input current gradually falls as temperature rises. You should use the value when thermal equilibrium is reached. The range of usable currents can also be found from the graph below. (mW) 3 PD 6 DPD 4 5 25 50 75 TA (°C) 150 Procedure: 1) 2) 3) 4) Find PD PD1 is taken to be PD x (~ 0.8 - 0.9) Plot PD1 against 25 °C Connect PD1 to the point corresponding to the 150 °C with a straight line. 5) In design, take a vertical line from the maximum operating temperature (e.g., 75 °C) to the derating curve. 6) Read off the value of PD against the point at which the vertical line intersects the derating curve. This is taken as the maximum power dissipation, DPD. The maximum operating current is: IOUT = (DPD / (VIN(MAX) - VOUT) Tj = 0jA x PD + TA For Toko ICs, the internal limit for junction temperature is 150 °C. If the ambient temperature (TA) is 25 °C, then: 150 °C = 0jA x PD + 25 °C 0jA x PD = 125 °C 0jA = 125 °C/ PD PD is the value when the thermal sensor is activated. A simple way to determine PD is to calculate VIN x IIN when Page 12 April 2000 TOKO, Inc. TK113xxBM/U DEFINITION AND EXPLANATION OF TECHNICAL TERMS (CONT.) 1000 750 MOUNTED AS SHOWN 600 MOUNTED AS SHOWN 800 PD (mW) PD (mW) FREE AIR 450 FREE AIR 300 600 400 200 150 0 0 0 50 150 100 0 SOT23L POWER DISSIPATION CURVE VIN VOUT + 50 100 150 TA (°C) TA (°C) SOT89 POWER DISSIPATION CURVE VOUT + + VIN + GND VCONT VCONT SOT23L BOARD LAYOUT SOT89 BOARD LAYOUT APPLICATION NOTE Copper pattern should be as large as possible. Power dissipation is 600 mW for SOT23L and 900 mV for SOT89. A low Equivalent Series Resistance (ESR) capacitor is recommended. For low temperature operation, select a capacitor with a low ESR at the lowest operating temperature to prevent oscillation, degradation of ripple rejection and increase in noise. The minimum recommended capacitance is 2.2 µF. April 2000 TOKO, Inc. Page 13 TK113xxBM/U APPLICATION INFORMATION INPUT-OUTPUT CAPACITORS Linear regulators require an output capacitor in order to maintain regulator loop stability. This capacitor should be selected to ensure stable operation over the desired temperature and load range. The graphs below show the effects of capacitance value and ESR on the stable operation area. VOUT = 2.0 V 113xxB 3.0 V CL 5.0 V ESR CL = 10 µF CL = 3.3 µF CL = 2.2 µF 100 100 100 100 10 10 10 10 STABLE OPERATION AREA STABLE OPERATION AREA ESR (Ω) 1000 ESR (Ω) 1000 1000 ESR (Ω) ESR (Ω) CL = 1 µF 1000 STABLE OPERATION AREA STABLE OPERATION AREA 1 1 1 1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0 .01 0.01 1 50 100 150 0.01 0.01 1 50 IOUT (mA) 100 150 1 50 IOUT (mA) 100 150 IOUT (mA) 1 50 100 IOUT (mA) In general, the capacitor should be at least 1 µF (aluminum electrolytic) and be rated for the actual ambient operating temperature range. The table below shows typical characteristics for several types and values of capacitance. Please note that the ESR varies widely depending upon manufacturer, type, size, and material. ESR Capacitance Aluminum Capacitor Tantalum Capacitor Ceramic Capacitor 1.0 µF 2.4 Ω 2.3 Ω 0.140 Ω 2.2 µF 2.0 Ω 1.9 Ω 0.059 Ω 3.3 µF 4.6 Ω 1.0 Ω 0.049 Ω 10 µF 1.4 Ω 0.5 Ω 0.025 Ω Note: ESR is measured at 10 kHz. Page 14 April 2000 TOKO, Inc. 150 TK113xxBM/U NOTES April 2000 TOKO, Inc. Page 15 TK113xxBM/U PACKAGE OUTLINE +0.15 Marking Information 0.4 - 0.05 SOT23L-6 0.1 M 0.6 6 Product Code Q 1.0 Marking e1 3.0 Voltage Code Product Code Voltage Code 1 2 3 0.32 e +0.15 - 0.05 0.1 5 PL e e 0.95 M 0.95 0.95 3.5 e 0.95 Recommended Mount Pad +0.3 - 0.1 2.2 max 15 1.2 0.4 0.15 0 - 0.1 Note: Pin 2 and Pin 5 should be grounded for heat dissipation +0.15 - 0.05 1.4 max 0.3 (3.4) Dimensions are shown in millimeters Tolerance: x.x = ± 0.2 mm (unless otherwise specified) + 0.3 3.3 4.5 SOT89-5 0.44 max 1.6 0.49 max 6 0.49 max 4 0.4 5 1.0 0.49 max Lot Code 1.0 Product Code 4.5 2.5 +0.5 -0.3 Numeric Code 1 0.44 max 3 2 0.49 max 0.54 max e 1.5 e 0.7 max 0.49 max 0.7 max 1.0 1.5 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 55 60 80 0.8 0.7 1.5 e' 3.0 TK11320B TK11321B TK11322B TK11323B TK11324B TK11325B TK11326B TK11327B TK11328B TK11329B TK11330B TK11331B TK11332B TK11333B TK11334B TK11335B TK11336B TK11337B TK11338B TK11339B TK11340B TK11341B TK11342B TK11343B TK11344B TK11345B TK11346B TK11347B TK11348B TK11349B TK11350B TK11355B TK11360B TK11380B 1.5 1.5 0.7 45 ° 2.0 e 1.5 e 1.5 Recommended Mount Pad Dimensions are shown in millimeters Tolerance: x.x = ± 0.2 mm (unless otherwise specified) Toko America, Inc. Headquarters 1250 Feehanville Drive, Mount Prospect, Illinois 60056 Tel: (847) 297-0070 Fax: (847) 699-7864 TOKO AMERICA REGIONAL OFFICES Midwest Regional Office Toko America, Inc. 1250 Feehanville Drive Mount Prospect, IL 60056 Tel: (847) 297-0070 Fax: (847) 699-7864 Western Regional Office Toko America, Inc. 2480 North First Street , Suite 260 San Jose, CA 95131 Tel: (408) 432-8281 Fax: (408) 943-9790 Eastern Regional Office Toko America, Inc. 107 Mill Plain Road Danbury, CT 06811 Tel: (203) 748-6871 Fax: (203) 797-1223 Semiconductor Technical Support Toko Design Center 4755 Forge Road Colorado Springs, CO 80907 Tel: (719) 528-2200 Fax: (719) 528-2375 Visit our Internet site at http://www.tokoam.com The information furnished by TOKO, Inc. is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, TOKO reserves the right to make changes or improvements in the design, specification or manufacture of its products without further notice. TOKO does not assume any liability arising from the application or use of any product or circuit described herein, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from the use of its products. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of TOKO, Inc. Page 16 © 1999 Toko, Inc. All Rights Reserved April 2000 TOKO, Inc. IC-214-TK113B 0798O0.0K Printed in the USA