TPS2046, TPS2056 DUAL CURRENT-LIMITED POWER-DISTRIBUTION SWITCHES SLVS183 – APRIL 1999 features D D D D D D D D D D D D typical applications 135-mΩ -Maximum (5-V Input) High-Side MOSFET Switch 250 mA Continuous Current per Channel Independent Short-Circuit and Thermal Protection With Overcurrent Logic Output Operating Range . . . 2.7-V to 5.5-V Logic-Level Enable Input 2.5-ms Typical Rise Time Undervoltage Lockout 10 µA Maximum Standby Supply Current Bidirectional Switch Available in 8-pin SOIC and PDIP Packages Ambient Temperature Range, –40°C to 85°C 2-kV Human-Body-Model, 200-V Machine-Model ESD Protection D D D D Notebook, Desktop and Palmtop PCs Monitors, Keyboards, Scanners, and Printers Digital Cameras, Phones, and PBXs Hot-Insertion Applications TPS2046 D OR P PACKAGE (TOP VIEW) GND IN EN1 EN2 1 8 2 7 3 6 4 5 OC1 OUT1 OUT2 OC2 TPS2056 D OR P PACKAGE (TOP VIEW) GND IN EN1 EN2 1 8 2 7 3 6 4 5 OC1 OUT1 OUT2 OC2 description The TPS2046 and TPS2056 dual power-distribution switches are intended for applications where heavy capacitive loads and short circuits are likely. These devices incorporate in single packages two 135-mΩ N-channel MOSFET high-side power switches for power-distribution systems that require multiple power switches. Each switch is controlled by a logic enable compatible with 5-V and 3-V logic. Gate drive is provided by an internal charge pump that controls the power-switch rise times and fall times to minimize current surges during switching. The charge pump requires no external components and allows operation from supplies as low as 2.7 V. When the output load exceeds the current-limit threshold or a short is present, the TPS2046 and TPS2056 limit the output current to a safe level by switching into a constant-current mode, pulling the overcurrent (OCx) logic output low. When continuous heavy overloads and short circuits increase the power dissipation in the switch causing the junction temperature to rise, a thermal protection circuit shuts off the switch in overcurrent to prevent damage. Recovery from a thermal shutdown is automatic once the device has cooled sufficiently. Internal circuitry ensures the switch remains off until valid input voltage is present. The TPS2046 and TPS2056 are designed to limit at 0.44-A load. These power distribution switches, available in 8-pin small-outline integrated circuit (SOIC) and 8-pin plastic dual-in-line packages (PDIP), operate over an ambient temperature range of –40°C to 85°C. AVAILABLE OPTIONS TA ENABLE RECOMMENDED MAXIMUM CONTINUOUS LOAD CURRENT (A) –40°C to 85°C Active low 0.25 TYPICAL SHORT-CIRCUIT SHORT CIRCUIT CURRENT LIMIT AT 25°C (A) 0.44 PACKAGED DEVICES SOIC (D)† PDIP (P) TPS2046D TPS2046P –40°C to 85°C Active high 0.25 0.44 TPS2056D † The D package is available taped and reeled. Add an R suffix to device type (e.g., TPS2046DR) TPS2056P Please be aware that an important notice concerning availability, standard warranty, and use in critical applications of Texas Instruments semiconductor products and disclaimers thereto appears at the end of this data sheet. Copyright 1999, Texas Instruments Incorporated PRODUCTION DATA information is current as of publication date. Products conform to specifications per the terms of Texas Instruments standard warranty. Production processing does not necessarily include testing of all parameters. POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 1 TPS2046, TPS2056 DUAL CURRENT-LIMITED POWER-DISTRIBUTION SWITCHES SLVS183 – APRIL 1999 TPS2046 functional block diagram OC1 Thermal Sense GND EN1 Current Limit Driver Charge Pump † CS OUT1 UVLO Power Switch † IN CS OUT2 Charge Pump Driver † Current sense Current Limit OC2 EN2 Thermal Sense Terminal Functions TERMINAL NO. NAME I/O D OR P DESCRIPTION TPS2046 TPS2056 EN1 3 – I Enable input. Logic low turns on power switch, IN-OUT1. EN2 4 – I Enable input. Logic low turns on power switch, IN-OUT2. EN1 – 3 I Enable input. Logic high turns on power switch, IN-OUT1. EN2 – 4 I Enable input. Logic high turns on power switch, IN-OUT2. GND 1 1 I Ground IN 2 2 I Input voltage OC1 8 8 O Overcurrent. Logic output active low, for power switch, IN-OUT1 OC2 5 5 O Overcurrent. Logic output active low, for power switch, IN-OUT2 OUT1 7 7 O Power-switch output OUT2 6 6 O Power-switch output 2 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 TPS2046, TPS2056 DUAL CURRENT-LIMITED POWER-DISTRIBUTION SWITCHES SLVS183 – APRIL 1999 detailed description power switch The power switch is an N-channel MOSFET with a maximum on-state resistance of 135 mΩ (VI(IN) = 5 V). Configured as a high-side switch, the power switch prevents current flow from OUTx to IN and IN to OUTx when disabled. The power switch can supply a minimum of 250 mA per switch. charge pump An internal charge pump supplies power to the driver circuit and provides the necessary voltage to pull the gate of the MOSFET above the source. The charge pump operates from input voltages as low as 2.7 V and requires very little supply current. driver The driver controls the gate voltage of the power switch. To limit large current surges and reduce the associated electromagnetic interference (EMI) produced, the driver incorporates circuitry that controls the rise times and fall times of the output voltage. The rise and fall times are typically in the 2-ms to 4-ms range. enable (ENx or ENx) The logic enable disables the power switch and the bias for the charge pump, driver, and other circuitry to reduce the supply current to less than 10 µA when a logic high is present on ENx (TPS2046) or a logic low is present on ENx (TPS2056). A logic zero input on ENx or logic high on ENx restores bias to the drive and control circuits and turns the power on. The enable input is compatible with both TTL and CMOS logic levels. overcurrent (OCx) The OCx open-drain output is asserted (active low) when an overcurrent or overtemperature condition is encountered. The output will remain asserted until the overcurrent or overtemperature condition is removed. current sense A sense FET monitors the current supplied to the load. The sense FET measures current more efficiently than conventional resistance methods. When an overload or short circuit is encountered, the current-sense circuitry sends a control signal to the driver. The driver in turn reduces the gate voltage and drives the power FET into its saturation region, which switches the output into a constant current mode and holds the current constant while varying the voltage on the load. thermal sense The TPS2046 and TPS2056 implement a dual-threshold thermal trip to allow fully independent operation of the power distribution switches. In an overcurrent or short-circuit condition the junction temperature rises. When the die temperature rises to approximately 140°C, the internal thermal sense circuitry checks to determine which power switch is in an overcurrent condition and turns off that switch, thus isolating the fault without interrupting operation of the adjacent power switches. Hysteresis is built into the thermal sense, and after the device has cooled approximately 20 degrees, the switch turns back on. The switch continues to cycle off and on until the fault is removed. The (OCx) open-drain output is asserted (active low) when overtemperature or overcurrent occurs. undervoltage lockout A voltage sense circuit monitors the input voltage. When the input voltage is below approximately 2 V, a control signal turns off the power switch. POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 3 TPS2046, TPS2056 DUAL CURRENT-LIMITED POWER-DISTRIBUTION SWITCHES SLVS183 – APRIL 1999 absolute maximum ratings over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted)† Input voltage range, VI(IN) (see Note1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –0.3 V to 6 V Output voltage range, VO(OUTx) (see Note1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –0.3 V to VI(IN) + 0.3 V Input voltage range, VI(ENx) or VI(ENx) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –0.3 V to 6 V Continuous output current, IO(OUTx) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . internally limited Continuous total power dissipation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . See Dissipation Rating Table Operating virtual junction temperature range, TJ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –40°C to 125°C Storage temperature range, Tstg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –65°C to 150°C Lead temperature soldering 1,6 mm (1/16 inch) from case for 10 seconds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 260°C Electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection: Human body model MIL-STD-883C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 kV Machine model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.2 kV † Stresses beyond those listed under “absolute maximum ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under “recommended operating conditions” is not implied. Exposure to absolute-maximum-rated conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. NOTE 1: All voltages are with respect to GND. DISSIPATION RATING TABLE PACKAGE TA ≤ 25°C POWER RATING DERATING FACTOR ABOVE TA = 25°C TA = 70°C POWER RATING TA = 85°C POWER RATING D 725 mW 5.8 mW/°C 464 mW 377 mW P 1175 mW 9.4 mW/°C 752 mW 611 mW recommended operating conditions Input voltage, VI(IN) TPS2046 TPS2056 MIN MAX MIN MAX 2.7 5.5 2.7 5.5 UNIT V Input voltage, VI(ENx) or VI(ENx) 0 5.5 0 5.5 V Continuous output current, IO(OUTx) 0 250 0 250 mA –40 125 –40 125 °C Operating virtual junction temperature, TJ 4 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 TPS2046, TPS2056 DUAL CURRENT-LIMITED POWER-DISTRIBUTION SWITCHES SLVS183 – APRIL 1999 electrical characteristics over recommended operating junction temperature range, VI(IN)= 5.5 V, IO = rated current, VI(ENx) = 0 V, VI(ENx) = Hi (unless otherwise noted) power switch TEST CONDITIONS† PARAMETER Static drain-source on-state resistance, 5-V operation rDS(on) DS( ) Static drain-source on-state resistance, 3.3-V operation tr Rise time time, output TPS2046 MIN TPS2056 TYP MAX MIN TYP MAX VI(IN) = 5 V, IO = 0.1 A TJ = 25°C, 80 95 80 95 VI(IN) = 5 V, IO = 0.1 A TJ = 85°C, 90 120 90 120 VI(IN) = 5 V, IO = 0.1 A TJ = 125°C, 100 135 100 135 VI(IN) = 3.3 V, IO = 0.1 A TJ = 25°C, 85 105 85 105 VI(IN) = 3.3 V, IO = 0.1 A TJ = 85°C, 100 135 100 135 VI(IN) = 3.3 V, IO = 0.1 A TJ = 125°C, 115 150 115 150 VI(IN) = 5.5 V, CL = 1 µF, TJ = 25°C, RL = 20 Ω 2.5 2.5 VI(IN) = 2.7 V, CL = 1 µF, TJ = 25°C, RL = 20 Ω 3 3 UNIT mΩ ms VI(IN) = 5.5 V, TJ = 25°C, 4.4 4.4 CL = 1 µF, RL = 20 Ω tf Fall time, time output ms VI(IN) = 2.7 V, TJ = 25°C, 2.5 2.5 CL = 1 µF, RL = 20 Ω † Pulse-testing techniques maintain junction temperature close to ambient temperature; thermal effects must be taken into account separately. enable input ENx or ENx PARAMETER VIH High-level input voltage VIL Low level input voltage Low-level II Input current ton toff Turn-on time TEST CONDITIONS 2.7 V ≤ VI(IN) ≤ 5.5 V TPS2046 TPS2056 Turn-off time TPS2046 MIN TYP TPS2056 MAX 2 MIN TYP MAX 2 V 4.5 V ≤ VI(IN) ≤ 5.5 V 0.8 0.8 2.7 V≤ VI(IN) ≤ 4.5 V 0.4 0.4 VI(ENx) = 0 V or VI(ENx) = VI(IN) VI(ENx) = VI(IN) or VI(ENx) = 0 V –0.5 0.5 –0.5 CL = 100 µF, RL = 20 Ω CL = 100 µF, RL = 20 Ω UNIT 0.5 20 20 40 40 V µA ms current limit PARAMETER IOS Short-circuit output current TPS2046 TEST CONDITIONS† MIN VI(IN) = 5 V, OUT connected to GND, Device enable into short circuit. TYP 0.345 0.44 TPS2056 MAX MIN 0.525 0.345 TYP 0.44 MAX 0.525 UNIT A † Pulse-testing techniques maintain junction temperature close to ambient temperature; thermal effects must be taken into account separately. POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 5 TPS2046, TPS2056 DUAL CURRENT-LIMITED POWER-DISTRIBUTION SWITCHES SLVS183 – APRIL 1999 electrical characteristics over recommended operating junction temperature range, VI(IN)= 5.5 V, IO = rated current, VI(ENx) = 0 V, VI(ENx) = Hi (unless otherwise noted) (continued) supply current PARAMETE R Su ly Supply current,, low-level output t t TPS2046 TEST CONDITIONS No Load on OUTx MIN VI(ENx) = VI(IN) TJ = 25°C –40°C ≤ TJ ≤ 125°C TPS2046 VI(EN I(ENx)) = 0 V TJ = 25°C –40°C ≤ TJ ≤ 125°C TPS2056 VI(ENx) = 0 V TJ = 25°C –40°C ≤ TJ ≤ 125°C VI(EN I(ENx)) = VI(IN) TJ = 25°C –40°C ≤ TJ ≤ 125°C TPS2056 Su ly Supply current,, high-level output t t No Load on OUTx Leakage g current OUTx connected to ground VI(ENx) = VI(IN) –40°C ≤ TJ ≤ 125°C TPS2046 VI(ENx) = 0 V –40°C ≤ TJ ≤ 125°C TPS2056 Reverse leakage current IN = high g impedance VI(ENx) = 0 V VI(ENx) = Hi MAX 0.015 MIN TYP MAX 0.015 1 UNIT 1 10 µA 10 80 TPS2046 100 100 80 100 µA 100 100 µA 100 TPS2046 TJ = 25°C TYP TPS2056 0.3 µA TPS2056 0.3 undervoltage lockout PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS Low-level input voltage Hysteresis TPS2046 MIN TYP 2 TJ = 25°C TPS2056 MAX MIN 2.5 2 100 TYP MAX 2.5 100 UNIT V mV overcurrent OCx PARAMETER Sink current† Output low voltage Off-state current† TEST CONDITIONS TPS2046 MIN VO = 5 V IO = 5 mA, VOL(OCx) VO = 5 V, VO = 3.3 V † Specified by design, not production tested. 6 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 TYP TPS2056 MAX MIN TYP MAX UNIT 10 10 mA 0.5 0.5 V 1 1 µA TPS2046, TPS2056 DUAL CURRENT-LIMITED POWER-DISTRIBUTION SWITCHES SLVS183 – APRIL 1999 PARAMETER MEASUREMENT INFORMATION OUTx RL tf tr CL VO(OUTx) 90% 10% 90% 10% TEST CIRCUIT 50% VI(ENx) 50% toff ton toff ton 90% VO(OUTx) 50% 50% VI(ENx) 90% VO(OUTx) 10% 10% VOLTAGE WAVEFORMS Figure 1. Test Circuit and Voltage Waveforms VI(ENx) (5 V/div) VI(ENx) (5 V/div) VI(IN) = 5 V TA = 25°C CL = 0.1 µF VO(OUTx) (2 V/div) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 VI(IN) = 5 V TA = 25°C CL = 0.1 µF VO(OUTx) (2 V/div) 10 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 t – Time – ms t – Time – ms Figure 2. Turnon Delay and Rise Time with 0.1-µF Load POST OFFICE BOX 655303 Figure 3. Turnoff Delay and Fall Time with 0.1-µF Load • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 7 TPS2046, TPS2056 DUAL CURRENT-LIMITED POWER-DISTRIBUTION SWITCHES SLVS183 – APRIL 1999 PARAMETER MEASUREMENT INFORMATION VI(ENx) (5 V/div) VI(ENx) (5 V/div) VI(IN) = 5 V TA = 25°C CL = 1 µF RL = 20 Ω VO(OUTx) (2 V/div) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 VI(IN) = 5 V TA = 25°C CL = 1 µF RL = 20 Ω VO(OUTx) (2 V/div) 9 10 0 2 4 6 t – Time – ms 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 t – Time – ms Figure 4. Turnon Delay and Rise Time with 1-µF Load Figure 5. Turnoff Delay and Fall Time with 1-µF Load VI(IN) = 5 V TA = 25°C VI(IN) = 5 V TA = 25°C VI(ENx) (5 V/div) VO(OUTx) (2 V/div) IO(OUTx) (0.2 A/div) IO(OUTx) (0.5 A/div) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 0 10 t – Time – ms 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 t – Time – ms Figure 6. TPS2046, Short-Circuit Current, Device Enabled into Short 8 20 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 Figure 7. TPS2046, Threshold Trip Current with Ramped Load on Enabled Device • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 TPS2046, TPS2056 DUAL CURRENT-LIMITED POWER-DISTRIBUTION SWITCHES SLVS183 – APRIL 1999 PARAMETER MEASUREMENT INFORMATION VI(IN) = 5 V TA = 25°C RL = 20 Ω VO(OCx) (5 V/div) VI(ENx) (5 V/div) 220 µF 100 µF 47 µF IO(OUTx) (0.5 A/div) IO(OUTx) (0.2 A/div) 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 VI(IN) = 5 V TA = 25°C 0 18 20 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 t – Time – ms t – Time – ms Figure 8. Inrush Current with 220-µF, 100-µF and 47-µF Load Capacitance Figure 9. Ramped Load on Enabled Device VI(IN) = 5 V TA = 25°C VI(IN) = 5 V TA = 25°C VO(OCx) (5 V/div) VO(OCx) (5 V/div) IO(OUTx) (0.5 A/div) IO(OUTx) (0.5 A/div) 0 200 400 600 800 1000 0 200 t – Time – µs 400 600 800 1000 t – Time – µs Figure 10. 4-Ω Load Connected to Enabled Device POST OFFICE BOX 655303 Figure 11. 1-Ω Load Connected to Enabled Device • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 9 TPS2046, TPS2056 DUAL CURRENT-LIMITED POWER-DISTRIBUTION SWITCHES SLVS183 – APRIL 1999 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS TURNON DELAY vs INPUT VOLTAGE TURNOFF DELAY vs INPUT VOLTAGE 6 15 CL = 1 µF RL = 20 Ω TA = 25°C CL = 1 µF RL = 20 Ω TA = 25°C 5.5 Turnoff Delay – ms Turnon Delay – ms 13 5 4.5 4 11 9 3.5 3 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 7 2.5 6 3 VI – Input Voltage – V 5 3.5 4 4.5 VI – Input Voltage – V Figure 12 FALL TIME vs LOAD CURRENT 2.7 2.85 VI (IN) = 5 V TA = 25°C VI (IN) = 5 V TA = 25°C 2.6 2.8 t f – Fall Time – ms t r – Rise Time – ms 6 Figure 13 RISE TIME vs LOAD CURRENT 2.5 2.4 2.75 2.7 2.3 2.65 0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25 0.3 IL – Load Current – A 0.35 0.4 0 0.05 Figure 14 10 5.5 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25 0.3 IL – Load Current – A Figure 15 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 0.35 0.4 TPS2046, TPS2056 DUAL CURRENT-LIMITED POWER-DISTRIBUTION SWITCHES SLVS183 – APRIL 1999 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS SUPPLY CURRENT, OUTPUT ENABLED vs JUNCTION TEMPERATURE SUPPLY CURRENT, OUTPUT DISABLED vs JUNCTION TEMPERATURE 2000 I I(IN) – Supply Current, Output Disabled – nA I I(IN) – Supply Current, Output Enabled – µ A 200 VI(IN) = 5.5 V VI(IN) = 5 V 180 VI(IN) = 4 V 160 VI(IN) = 2.7 V 140 VI(IN) = 3.3 V 120 100 –50 –25 75 100 125 0 25 50 TJ – Junction Temperature – °C 1800 1400 VI(IN) = 4 V 1200 1000 VI(IN) = 2.7 V 800 600 400 200 0 –200 –50 150 VI(IN) = 5.5 V VI(IN) = 5 V 1600 –25 Figure 16 SUPPLY CURRENT, OUTPUT DISABLED vs INPUT VOLTAGE I I(IN) – Supply Current, Output Disabled – nA I I(IN) – Supply Current, Output Enabled – µ A 200 TJ = 125°C TJ = 85°C 160 TJ = 25°C 140 TJ = 0°C TJ = –40°C 120 100 2.5 3 3.5 4 150 Figure 17 SUPPLY CURRENT, OUTPUT ENABLED vs INPUT VOLTAGE 180 100 125 0 25 50 75 TJ – Junction Temperature – °C 4.5 5 5.5 6 2000 TJ = 125°C 1600 1200 800 400 TJ = 85°C TJ = 25°C 0 TJ = –40°C –400 2.5 3 VI – Input Voltage – V 3.5 4 4.5 5 VI – Input Voltage – V TJ = 0°C 5.5 6 Figure 19 Figure 18 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 11 TPS2046, TPS2056 DUAL CURRENT-LIMITED POWER-DISTRIBUTION SWITCHES SLVS183 – APRIL 1999 STATIC DRAIN-SOURCE ON-STATE RESISTANCE vs JUNCTION TEMPERATURE 175 IO = 0.25 A VI(IN) = 2.7 V 150 VI(IN) = 3.3 V 125 100 VI(IN) = 4.5 V 75 VI(IN) = 5 V 50 –50 –25 0 25 50 100 75 125 150 r DS(on) – Static Drain-Source On-State Resistance – mΩ r DS(on) – Static Drain-Source On-State Resistance – m Ω TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS STATIC DRAIN-SOURCE ON-STATE RESISTANCE vs INPUT VOLTAGE 175 IO = 0.25 A 150 TJ = 125°C 125 TJ = 85°C 100 TJ = 25°C 75 TJ = 0°C TJ = –40°C 50 2.5 3 TJ – Junction Temperature – °C Figure 20 6 SHORT-CURCUIT OUTPUT CURRENT vs INPUT VOLTAGE 45 490 TA = 25°C 40 I OS – Short-circuit Output Current – mA VI(IN) – VO(OUTx) – Input-To-Output Voltage – mV 5.5 Figure 21 INPUT-TO-OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs LOAD CURRENT VI(IN) = 2.7 V 35 30 VI(IN) = 3.3 V 25 20 15 VI(IN) = 4.5 V 10 VI(IN) = 5 V 5 0 0.1 0.14 0.18 0.26 0.22 0.3 470 TJ = –40°C 450 TJ = 25°C 430 TJ = 125°C 410 390 370 350 2.5 IL – Load Current – A Figure 22 12 3.5 4 4.5 5 VI – Input Voltage – V 3 4.5 3.5 4 VI – Input Voltage – V Figure 23 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 5 5.5 TPS2046, TPS2056 DUAL CURRENT-LIMITED POWER-DISTRIBUTION SWITCHES SLVS183 – APRIL 1999 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS THRESHOLD TRIP CURRENT vs INPUT VOLTAGE 450 TA = 25°C Load Ramp = 1 A/10 ms I OS – Short-circuit Output Current – mA Threshold Trip Current – A 0.73 SHORTCIRCUIT OUTPUT CURRENT vs JUNCTION TEMPERATURE 0.71 0.69 0.67 0.65 2.5 3 4.5 5 3.5 4 VI – Input Voltage – V 5.5 VI(IN) = 5 V 445 440 VI(IN) = 4 V 435 VI(IN) = 2.7 V 430 425 420 415 410 405 –50 6 –25 75 100 0 25 50 TJ – Junction Temperature – °C Figure 24 Figure 25 UNDERVOLTAGE LOCKOUT vs JUNCTION TEMPERATURE CURRENT-LIMIT RESPONSE vs PEAK CURRENT 2.5 500 VI(INx) = 5 V TA = 25°C 2.4 Current Limit Response – µ s UVLO – Undervoltage Lockout – V 125 Start Threshold 2.3 Stop Threshold 2.2 350 250 100 2.1 2 –50 –25 100 125 0 25 50 75 TJ – Junction Temperature – °C 150 0 0 2 4 6 8 10 Peak Current – A Figure 26 Figure 27 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 13 TPS2046, TPS2056 DUAL CURRENT-LIMITED POWER-DISTRIBUTION SWITCHES SLVS183 – APRIL 1999 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS OVERCURRENT (OCx) RESPONSE TIME vs PEAK CURRENT 10 Overcurrent OCx Time – µ s VI(IN) = 5 V TA = 25°C 8.5 7 5.5 4 0 2 4 6 8 10 Peak Current – A Figure 28 APPLICATION INFORMATION TPS2046 Power Supply 2.7 V to 5.5 V 2 IN 0.1 µF OUT1 8 3 5 4 7 Load 0.1 µF 22 µF 0.1 µF 22 µF OC1 EN1 6 Load OUT2 OC2 EN2 GND 1 Figure 29. Typical Application power-supply considerations A 0.01-µF to 0.1-µF ceramic bypass capacitor between IN and GND, close to the device, is recommended. Placing a high-value electrolytic capacitor on the output pin(s) is recommended when the output load is heavy. This precaution reduces power-supply transients that may cause ringing on the input. Additionally, bypassing the output with a 0.01-µF to 0.1-µF ceramic capacitor improves the immunity of the device to short-circuit transients. 14 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 TPS2046, TPS2056 DUAL CURRENT-LIMITED POWER-DISTRIBUTION SWITCHES SLVS183 – APRIL 1999 APPLICATION INFORMATION overcurrent A sense FET is employed to check for overcurrent conditions. Unlike current-sense resistors, sense FETs do not increase the series resistance of the current path. When an overcurrent condition is detected, the device maintains a constant output current and reduces the output voltage accordingly. Complete shutdown occurs only if the fault is present long enough to activate thermal limiting. Three possible overload conditions can occur. In the first condition, the output has been shorted before the device is enabled or before VI(IN) has been applied (see Figure 6). The TPS2046 and TPS2056 sense the short and immediately switch into a constant-current output. In the second condition, the short occurs while the device is enabled. At the instant the short occurs, very high currents may flow for a short time before the current-limit circuit can react. After the current-limit circuit has tripped (reached the overcurrent trip threshhold) the device switches into constant-current mode. In the third condition, the load has been gradually increased beyond the recommended operating current. The current is permitted to rise until the current-limit threshold is reached or until the thermal limit of the device is exceeded (see Figure 7). The TPS2046 and TPS2056 are capable of delivering current up to the current-limit threshold without damaging the device. Once the threshold has been reached, the device switches into its constant-current mode. OCx response The OCx open-drain output is asserted (active low) when an overcurrent or overtemperature condition is encountered. The output will remain asserted until the overcurrent or overtemperature condition is removed. Connecting a heavy capacitive load to an enabled device can cause momentary false overcurrent reporting from the inrush current flowing through the device, charging the downstream capacitor. An RC filter (see Figure 30) can be connected to the OCx pin to reduce false overcurrent reporting caused by hot-plug switching events or extremely high capacitive loads. Using low-ESR electrolytic capacitors on the output lowers the inrush current flow through the device during hot-plug events by providing a low impedance energy source, thereby reducing erroneous overcurrent reporting. V+ V+ TPS2046 GND Rpullup TPS2046 Rpullup Rfilter OC1 GND OC1 IN OUT1 IN OUT1 EN1 OUT2 EN1 OUT2 EN2 OC2 EN2 OC2 To USB Controller Cfilter Figure 30. Typical Circuits for OC Pin and RC Filter for Damping Inrush OC Responses POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 15 TPS2046, TPS2056 DUAL CURRENT-LIMITED POWER-DISTRIBUTION SWITCHES SLVS183 – APRIL 1999 APPLICATION INFORMATION power dissipation and junction temperature The low on-resistance on the n-channel MOSFET allows small surface-mount packages, such as SOIC, to pass large currents. The thermal resistances of these packages are high compared to that of power packages; it is good design practice to check power dissipation and junction temperature. The first step is to find rDS(on) at the input voltage and operating temperature. As an initial estimate, use the highest operating ambient temperature of interest and read rDS(on) from Figure 21. Next, calculate the power dissipation using: PD + rDS(on) I2 Finally, calculate the junction temperature: TJ Where: + PD R qJA ) TA TA = Ambient Temperature °C RθJA = Thermal resistance SOIC = 172°C/W, PDIP = 106°C/W Compare the calculated junction temperature with the initial estimate. If they do not agree within a few degrees, repeat the calculation, using the calculated value as the new estimate. Two or three iterations are generally sufficient to get a reasonable answer. thermal protection Thermal protection prevents damage to the IC when heavy-overload or short-circuit faults are present for extended periods of time. The faults force the TPS2046 and TPS2056 into constant current mode, which causes the voltage across the high-side switch to increase; under short-circuit conditions, the voltage across the switch is equal to the input voltage. The increased dissipation causes the junction temperature to rise to high levels. The protection circuit senses the junction temperature of the switch and shuts it off. Hysteresis is built into the thermal sense circuit, and after the device has cooled approximately 20 degrees, the switch turns back on. The switch continues to cycle in this manner until the load fault or input power is removed. The TPS2046 and TPS2056 implement a dual thermal trip to allow fully independent operation of the power distribution switches. In an overcurrent or short-circuit condition the junction temperature will rise. Once the die temperature rises to approximately 140°C, the internal thermal sense circuitry checks which power switch is in an overcurrent condition and turns that power switch off, thus isolating the fault without interrupting operation of the adjacent power switch. Should the die temperature exceed the first thermal trip point of 140°C and reach 160°C, both switches turn off. The OC open-drain output is asserted (active low) when overtemperature or overcurrent occurs. undervoltage lockout (UVLO) An undervoltage lockout ensures that the power switch is in the off state at power up. Whenever the input voltage falls below approximately 2 V, the power switch will be quickly turned off. This facilitates the design of hot-insertion systems where it is not possible to turn off the power switch before input power is removed. The UVLO will also keep the switch from being turned on until the power supply has reached at least 2 V, even if the switch is enabled. Upon reinsertion, the power switch will be turned on with a controlled rise time to reduce EMI and voltage overshoots. 16 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 TPS2046, TPS2056 DUAL CURRENT-LIMITED POWER-DISTRIBUTION SWITCHES SLVS183 – APRIL 1999 APPLICATION INFORMATION Universal Serial Bus (USB) applications The Universal Serial Bus (USB) interface is a 12-Mb/s, or 1.5-Mb/s, multiplexed serial bus designed for low-to-medium bandwidth PC peripherals (e.g., keyboards, printers, scanners, and mice). The four-wire USB interface is conceived for dynamic attach-detach (hot plug-unplug) of peripherals. Two lines are provided for differential data, and two lines are provided for 5-V power distribution. USB data is a 3.3-V level signal, but power is distributed at 5 V to allow for voltage drops in cases where power is distributed through more than one hub across long cables. Each function must provide its own regulated 3.3 V from the 5-V input or its own internal power supply. The USB specification defines the following five classes of devices, each differentiated by power-consumption requirements: D D D D D Hosts/self-powered hubs (SPH) Bus-powered hubs (BPH) Low-power, bus-powered functions High-power, bus-powered functions Self-powered functions Self-powered and bus-powered hubs distribute data and power to downstream functions. The TPS2046 and TPS2056 can provide power-distribution solutions for many of these classes of devices. bus-powered hubs Bus-powered hubs obtain all power from upstream ports and often contain an embedded function. The hubs are required to power up with less than one unit load. The BPH usually has one embedded function, and power is always available to the controller of the hub. If the embedded function and hub require more than 100 mA on power up, the power to the embedded function may need to be kept off until enumeration is completed. This can be accomplished by removing power or by shutting off the clock to the embedded function. Power switching the embedded function is not necessary if the aggregate power draw for the function and controller is less than one unit load. The total current drawn by the bus-powered device is the sum of the current to the controller, the embedded function, and the downstream ports, and it is limited to 500 mA from an upstream port. low-power bus-powered functions and high-power bus-powered functions Both low-power and high-power bus-powered functions obtain all power from upstream ports; low-power functions always draw less than 100 mA, and high-power functions must draw less than 100 mA at power up and can draw up to 500 mA after enumeration. If the load of the function is more than the parallel combination of 44 Ω and 10 µF at power up, the device must implement inrush current limiting (see Figure 31). POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 17 TPS2046, TPS2056 DUAL CURRENT-LIMITED POWER-DISTRIBUTION SWITCHES SLVS183 – APRIL 1999 APPLICATION INFORMATION Power Supply D+ 3.3 V TPS2046 D– VBUS GND 2 0.1 µF 10 µF IN OUT1 7 0.1 µF 8 3 USB Control 5 4 10 µF Internal Function OC1 EN1 OC2 6 EN2 OUT2 GND 0.1 µF 10 µF Internal Function 1 Figure 31. High-Power Bus-Powered Function USB power-distribution requirements USB can be implemented in several ways, and, regardless of the type of USB device being developed, several power distribution features must be implemented. D D Bus-Powered Hubs must: – Enable/disable power to downstream ports – Power up at <100 mA – Limit inrush current (<44 Ω and 10 µF) Functions must: – Limit inrush currents – Power up at <100 mA The feature set of the TPS2046 and TPS2056 allows them to meet each of these requirements. The integrated current-limiting and overcurrent reporting is required by hosts and self-powered hubs. The logic-level enable and controlled rise times meet the need of both input and output ports on bus-power hubs, as well as the input ports for bus-power functions (see Figure 32). 18 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 TPS2046, TPS2056 DUAL CURRENT-LIMITED POWER-DISTRIBUTION SWITCHES SLVS183 – APRIL 1999 APPLICATION INFORMATION TUSB2040 Hub Controller Upstream Port SN75240 BUSPWR A C B D GANGED D+ D– DP0 DP1 DM0 DM1 Downstream Ports D+ A C B D GND Ferrite Beads GND SN75240 DP2 DM2 D– 5V 33 µF† DP3 5V DM3 A C B D 1 µF TPS76333 0.1 µF 4.7 µF SN75240 D+ D– Ferrite Beads GND DP4 IN 3.3 V 4.7 µF VCC DM4 5V TPS2046 GND GND 48-MHz Crystal PWRON1 EN1 OUT1 OVRCUR1 OC1 OUT2 PWRON2 EN2 OVRCUR2 OC2 33 µF† D+ IN 0.1 µF XTAL1 D– Ferrite Beads GND TPS2046 Tuning Circuit XTAL2 OCSOFF PWRON3 EN1 OUT1 OVRCUR3 OC1 OUT2 PWRON4 EN2 OVRCUR4 OC2 5V 33 µF† IN D+ 0.1 µF GND Ferrite Beads D– GND 5V 33 µF† † USB rev 1.1 requires 120 µF per hub. Figure 32. Bus-Powered Hub Implementation POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 19 TPS2046, TPS2056 DUAL CURRENT-LIMITED POWER-DISTRIBUTION SWITCHES SLVS183 – APRIL 1999 APPLICATION INFORMATION generic hot-plug applications (see Figure 33) In many applications it may be necessary to remove modules or pc boards while the main unit is still operating. These are considered hot-plug applications. Such implementations require the control of current surges seen by the main power supply and the card being inserted. The most effective way to control these surges is to limit and slowly ramp the current and voltage being applied to the card, similar to the way in which a power supply normally turns on. Due to the controlled rise times and fall times of the TPS2046 and TPS2056, these devices can be used to provide a softer start-up to devices being hot-plugged into a powered system. The UVLO feature of the TPS2046 and TPS2056 also ensures the switch will be off after the card has been removed, and the switch will be off during the next insertion. The UVLO feature guarantees a soft start with a controlled rise time for every insertion of the card or module. PC Board Power Supply TPS2046 OC1 GND IN OUT1 2.7 V to 5.5 V 1000 µF Optimum 0.1 µF EN1 OUT2 EN2 OC2 Block of Circuitry Block of Circuitry Overcurrent Response Figure 33. Typical Hot-Plug Implementation By placing the TPS2046 and TPS2056 between the VCC input and the rest of the circuitry, the input power will reach these devices first after insertion. The typical rise time of the switch is approximately 2.5 ms, providng a slow voltage ramp at the output of the device. This implementaion controls system surge currents and provides a hot-plugging mechanism for any device. 20 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 TPS2046, TPS2056 DUAL CURRENT-LIMITED POWER-DISTRIBUTION SWITCHES SLVS183 – APRIL 1999 MECHANICAL DATA D (R-PDSO-G**) PLASTIC SMALL-OUTLINE PACKAGE 14 PIN SHOWN 0.050 (1,27) 0.020 (0,51) 0.014 (0,35) 14 0.010 (0,25) M 8 0.008 (0,20) NOM 0.244 (6,20) 0.228 (5,80) 0.157 (4,00) 0.150 (3,81) Gage Plane 0.010 (0,25) 1 7 0°– 8° A 0.044 (1,12) 0.016 (0,40) Seating Plane 0.069 (1,75) MAX 0.010 (0,25) 0.004 (0,10) PINS ** 0.004 (0,10) 8 14 16 A MAX 0.197 (5,00) 0.344 (8,75) 0.394 (10,00) A MIN 0.189 (4,80) 0.337 (8,55) 0.386 (9,80) DIM 4040047 / D 10/96 NOTES: A. B. C. D. All linear dimensions are in inches (millimeters). This drawing is subject to change without notice. Body dimensions do not include mold flash or protrusion, not to exceed 0.006 (0,15). Falls within JEDEC MS-012 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 21 TPS2046, TPS2056 DUAL CURRENT-LIMITED POWER-DISTRIBUTION SWITCHES SLVS183 – APRIL 1999 MECHANICAL DATA P (R-PDIP-T8) PLASTIC DUAL-IN-LINE PACKAGE 0.400 (10,60) 0.355 (9,02) 8 5 0.260 (6,60) 0.240 (6,10) 1 4 0.070 (1,78) MAX 0.310 (7,87) 0.290 (7,37) 0.020 (0,51) MIN 0.200 (5,08) MAX Seating Plane 0.125 (3,18) MIN 0.100 (2,54) 0.021 (0,53) 0.015 (0,38) 0°– 15° 0.010 (0,25) M 0.010 (0,25) NOM 4040082 / B 03/95 NOTES: A. All linear dimensions are in inches (millimeters). B. This drawing is subject to change without notice. C. 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