MAXIM Z86L88

19-4614; Rev 0; 4/09
Z86L88
Low-Voltage IR Microcontroller
Product Specification
Maxim Integrated Products Inc.
120 San Gabriel Drive, Sunnyvale CA 94086
Maxim Integrated Products
120 San Gabriel Drive
Sunnyvale, CA 94086
United States
408-737-7600
www.maxim-ic.com
Copyright © 2009 Maxim Integrated Products
Maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim product. Maxim retains
the right to make changes to its products or specifications to improve performance, reliability or manufacturability. All information in
this document, including descriptions of features, functions, performance, technical specifications and availability, is subject to
change without notice at any time. While the information furnished herein is held to be accurate and reliable, no responsibility will be
assumed by Maxim for its use. Furthermore, the information contained herein does not convey to the purchaser of microelectronic
devices any license under the patent right of any manufacturer.
Maxim is a registered trademark of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc.
All other products or service names used in this publication are for identification purposes only, and may be trademarks or registered
trademarks of their respective companies. All other trademarks or registered trademarks mentioned herein are the property of their
respective holders.
Z8 is a registered trademark of Zilog, Inc.
Crimzon is a registered trademark of Universal Electronics Inc.
19-4614; REV 0; 4/09
Z86L88
Low-Voltage IR Microcontroller
iii
Table of Contents
Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
General Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Pin Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Absolute Maximum Ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Standard Test Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Capacitance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
DC Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
AC Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Pin Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
XTAL1 Crystal 1 (Time-Based Input) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
XTAL2 Crystal 2 (Time-Based Output) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Port 0 (P07–P00) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Port 2 (P27–P20) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Port 3 (P37–P31) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Comparator Inputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Comparator Outputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
13
13
13
13
15
16
17
17
Functional Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Program Memory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
RAM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Expanded Register File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Register File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Stack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Counter/Timer Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Counter/Timer Functional Blocks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Interrupts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Clock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Power-On Reset (POR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
HALT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
STOP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Port Configuration Register (PCON) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Stop-Mode Recovery Register (SMR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Stop-Mode Recovery Register 2 (SMR2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Watch-Dog Timer Mode Register (WDTMR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mask Selectable Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
19
19
19
19
32
33
34
43
54
56
57
58
58
59
59
64
65
68
Ordering Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
19-4614; Rev 0; 4/09
Table of Contents
Z86L88
Low-Voltage IR Microcontroller
iv
Z86L88 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
Codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
Customer Feedback . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
19-4614; Rev 0; 4/09
Table of Contents
Z86L88
Low-Voltage IR Microcontroller
v
List of Figures
Figure 1.
Figure 2.
Figure 3.
Figure 4.
Figure 5.
Figure 6.
Figure 7.
Figure 8.
Figure 9.
Figure 10.
Figure 11.
Figure 12.
Figure 13.
Figure 14.
Figure 15.
Figure 16.
Figure 17.
Figure 18.
Figure 19.
Figure 20.
Figure 21.
Figure 22.
Figure 23.
Figure 24.
Figure 25.
Figure 26.
Figure 27.
Figure 28.
Figure 29.
Figure 30.
Figure 31.
Figure 32.
Figure 33.
Figure 34.
Counter/Timers Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Functional Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
28-Pin DIP/SOIC Pin Assignment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Test Load Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Timing Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Port 0 Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Port 2 Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Port 3 Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Port 3 Counter/Timer Output Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Program Memory Map (16K ROM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Expanded Register File Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Register Pointer Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
TC8 Control Register—(0D) OH: Read/Write Except Where Noted . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
T8 and T16 Common Control Functions—(0D) 1H: Read/Write . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
T16 Control Register—(0D) 2H: Read/Write Except Where Noted . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Stop-Mode Recovery Register—(0F) 0BH: D6–D0 = Write Only, D7 = Read Only 25
Stop-Mode Recovery Register 2—(0F) 0DH: D2–D4, D6 Write Only . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Watch-Dog Timer Register—(0F) 0FH: Write Only . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Port Configuration Register (PCON)—(0F) 0H: Write Only . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Port 2 Mode Register—F6H: Write Only . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Port 3 Mode Register—F7H: Write Only . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Port 0 and 1 Mode Register (F8h: Write Only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Interrupt Priority Register—F9H: Write Only . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Interrupt Request Register—FAH: Read/Write . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Interrupt Mask Register—FBH: Read/Write . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Flag Register—FCH: Read/Write . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Register Pointer—FDH: Read/Write . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Stack Pointer High—FEH: Read/Write . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Stack Pointer Low—FFH: Read/Write . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Register Pointer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Glitch Filter Circuitry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
8-Bit Counter/Timer Circuits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
Transmit Mode Flowchart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
T8_OUT in Single-Pass Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
19-4614; Rev 0; 4/09
List of Figures
Z86L88
Low-Voltage IR Microcontroller
vi
Figure 35.
Figure 36.
Figure 37.
Figure 38.
Figure 39.
Figure 40.
Figure 41.
Figure 42.
Figure 43.
Figure 44.
Figure 45.
Figure 46.
Figure 47.
Figure 48.
Figure 49.
Figure 50.
Figure 51.
Figure 52.
Figure 53.
Figure 54.
Figure 55.
T8_OUT in Modulo-N Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Demodulation Mode Count Capture Flowchart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Demodulation Mode Flowchart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16-Bit Counter/Timer Circuits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
T16_OUT in Single-Pass Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
T16_OUT in Modulo-N Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Ping-Pong Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Output Circuit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Interrupt Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Oscillator Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Port Configuration Register (PCON)—Write Only . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Stop-Mode Recovery Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SCLK Circuit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Stop-Mode Recovery Source . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Stop-Mode Recovery Register 2—(0F) DH:D2–D4, D6 Write Only . . . . . . . . . . . .
Watch-Dog Timer Mode Register—Write Only . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Resets and WDT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
28-Pin SOIC Package Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
28-Pin DIP Package Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
28-Pin SSOP Package Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Ordering Codes Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
19-4614; Rev 0; 4/09
47
48
49
50
51
51
53
54
55
57
59
60
60
62
64
66
67
69
70
71
72
List of Figures
Z86L88
Low-Voltage IR Microcontroller
vii
List of Tables
Table 1.
Table 2.
Table 3.
Table 4.
Table 5.
Table 6.
Table 7.
Table 8.
Table 9.
Table 10.
Table 11.
Table 12.
Table 13.
Table 14.
Table 15.
Table 16.
Table 17.
Table 18.
Table 19.
Table 20.
Table 21.
Table 22.
Table 23.
Table 24.
Table 25.
Table 26.
19-4614; Rev 0; 4/09
Z86L88 Features 1
Power Conventions 3
28-Pin DIP and SOIC Pin Identification 5
Absolute Maximum Ratings 6
Capacitance 7
DC Characteristics 8
AC Characteristics 11
Pin Assignments 17
Expanded Register Group D 34
HI8(D)0Bh 34
L08(D)0Ah 35
HI16(D)09h 35
L016(D)08h 35
TC16H(D)07h 35
TC16L(D)06h 36
TC8H(D)05h 36
TC8L(D)04h 36
CTR0 (D)00 Counter/Timer8 Control Register 37
CTR1(D)01h Register 39
CTR2 (D)02h: Counter/Timer16 Control Register 42
Interrupt Types, Sources, and Vectors 55
IRQ Register * 56
Stop-Mode Recovery Source 63
SMR2(F)0Dh: Stop-Mode Recovery Register 2 65
WDT Time Select* 66
Mask Selectable Options 68
List of Tables
Z86L88
Low-Voltage IR Microcontroller
1
Features
Table 1 lists some of the features of the Z86L88 microcontroller.
Table 1. Z86L88 Features
Device
ROM (KB)
RAM* (Bytes)
I/O Lines
Voltage Range
Z86L88
16
237
23
2.0 V to 3.6 V
Note: *General purpose
•
•
Low power consumption—40 mW (typical)
•
Special architecture to automate both generation and reception of complex
pulses or signals:
– One programmable 8-bit counter/timer with two capture registers and two
load registers
– One programmable 16-bit counter/timer with one 16-bit capture register
pair and one 16-bit load register pair
– Programmable input glitch filter for pulse reception
•
Five priority interrupts
– Three external
– Two assigned to counter/timers
•
•
•
•
•
Low voltage protection
19-4614; Rev 0; 4/09
Three standby modes
– STOP—2 A (typical)
– HALT—0.8 mA (typical)
– Low voltage
Programmable watch-dog/power-on reset circuits
Two independent comparators with programmable interrupt polarity
Mask-selectable pull-up transistor on Ports 0, 2, and 3
Programmable mask options:
– Oscillator selection: RC oscillator versus crystal or other clock source
Z86L88
Low-Voltage IR Microcontroller
2
–
–
–
–
–
–
Oscillator operational mode: normal high-frequency operation enabled
versus 32-KHz operation enabled
Port 0: 0–3 pull-ups
Port 0: 4–7 pull-ups
Port 2: 0–7 pull-ups
Port 3: pull-ups
Port 0: 0–3 Mouse Mode: Normal Mode (.5VDD input threshold) versus
Mouse Mode (.4VDD input threshold)
Note: The mask option pull-up transistor has a typical equivalent
resistance of 200 K±50% at VCC=3 V and 450 K±50% at
VCC=2 V.
General Description
The Z86L88 is a ROM-based member of the Z8 MCU single-chip family of infrared
(IR) controllers, featuring 237 bytes of general-purpose RAM and 16 KB of ROM,
respectively. Maxim’s CMOS microcontrollers offer fast executing, efficient use of
memory, sophisticated interrupts, input/output bit manipulation capabilities, automated pulse generation/reception, and internal key-scan pull-up transistors.
The Z86L88 architecture is based on Maxim's 8-bit microcontroller core featuring
an Expanded Register File to allow access to register-mapped peripherals, I/O circuits, and powerful counter/timer circuitry. The Z8 offers a flexible I/O scheme, an
efficient register and address-space structure, and a number of ancillary features
that are useful in many consumer, automotive, computer peripheral, and batteryoperated hand-held applications.
Three basic address spaces are available to support a wide range of configurations: program memory, register file, and Expanded Register File. The register file
consists of 256 bytes of RAM. It includes 4 I/O port registers, 16 control and status
registers, and 236 general-purpose registers. [Register FEh (SPH) can be used
as a general-purpose register.] The Expanded Register File consists of two additional register groups (F and D).
The Z86L88 offers a new intelligent counter/timer architecture with 8-bit and 16-bit
counter/timers (Figure 1). Also included are a large number of user-selectable
modes and two on-board comparators to process analog signals with separate
reference voltages (see Figure 9 on page 18).
19-4614; Rev 0; 4/09
Z86L88
Low-Voltage IR Microcontroller
3
HI 16
Lo 16
8
8
16-Bit
T 16
1 2 4 8
Timer 16
16
8
SCLK
Clock
Divider
8
TC16L
TC16H
And/Or
Logic
HI8
LO8
8
Input
Glitch
Filter
Edge
Detect
Circuit
8
8-Bit
T8
Timer 8
8
TC8H
8
TC8L
Figure 1. Counter/Timers Diagram
Note: All signals with an overline, “ ”, are active Low. For example,
B/W, in which WORD is active Low, and B/W, in which BYTE is
active Low.
Power connections follow the conventions listed in Table 2.
Table 2. Power Conventions
Connection
Circuit
Device
Power
VCC
VDD
Ground
GND
VSS
Figure 2 shows the functional block diagram.
19-4614; Rev 0; 4/09
Timer 8/16
Z86L88
Low-Voltage IR Microcontroller
4
P00
P01
P02
P03
P04
P05
P06
P07
Register File
256 x 8-Bit
4
Port 3
Port 0
Register Bus
4
Internal
Address Bus
ROM
16K x 8
Pref1
P31
P32
P33
P34
P35
P36
P37
Z8 Core
Internal
Data Bus
Expanded
Register
File
I/O Bit
Programmable
P20
P21
P22
P23
P24
P25
P26
P27
Expanded
Register Bus
Power
Port 2
Counter/Timer 8
8-Bit
Figure 2. Functional Block Diagram
19-4614; Rev 0; 4/09
Machine
Timing
and
Instruction
Control
Counter/Timer 16
16-Bit
XTAL
VDD
VSS
Z86L88
Low-Voltage IR Microcontroller
5
Pin Description
The pin assignment for the 28-pin dual in-line package (DIP)/small outline integrated circuit (SOIC) is shown in Figure 3. The pins are identified in Table 3.
P25
P26
P27
P04
P05
P06
P07
VDD
XTAL2
XTAL1
P31
P32
P33
P34
1
28
Z86L88
DIP/SOIC
14
15
P24
P23
P22
P21
P20
P03
VSS
P02
P01
P00
Pref1
P36
P37
P35
Figure 3. 28-Pin DIP/SOIC Pin Assignment
Table 3. 28-Pin DIP and SOIC Pin Identification
28-Pin DIP and SOIC
19
20
21
23
4
5
6
7
24
25
26
27
28
1
2
3
18
19-4614; Rev 0; 4/09
Standard Mode
P00
P01
P02
P03
P04
P05
P06
P07
P20
P21
P22
P23
P24
P25
P26
P27
Pref1
Direction
Input/Output
Input/Output
Input/Output
Input/Output
Input/Output
Input/Output
Input/Output
Input/Output
Input/Output
Input/Output
Input/Output
Input/Output
Input/Output
Input/Output
Input/Output
Input/Output
Input
Description
Port 0 is nibble programmable.
Port 0–3 can be configured as a
mouse/trackball input.
Port 2 pins are individually
configurable as input or output.
Analog ref input; connect to VCC if not used
Z86L88
Low-Voltage IR Microcontroller
6
Table 3. 28-Pin DIP and SOIC Pin Identification (Continued)
28-Pin DIP and SOIC
11
12
13
14
15
17
16
10
9
8
Standard Mode
P31
P32
P33
P34
P35
P36
P37
XTAL1
XTAL2
VDD
22
VSS
Direction
Input
Input
Input
Output
Output
Output
Output
Input
Output
Description
IRQ2/modulator input
IRQ0
IRQ1
T8 output
T16 output
T8/T16 output
Crystal, oscillator clock
Crystal, oscillator clock
Power supply
Ground
Absolute Maximum Ratings
Table 4 lists the absolute maximum ratings for the Z86L88 microcontroller.
Table 4. Absolute Maximum Ratings
Symbol
Description
Min
Max
Units
Vmax
Supply Voltage (*)
–0.3
+7.0
V
TSTG
Storage Temperature
–65°
+150°
C
TA
Oper. Ambient Temperature
†
C
Notes:
* Voltage on all pins with respect to GND
† See “Ordering Information” on page 69.
Stresses greater than those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings might cause
permanent damage to the device. This rating is a stress rating only. Functional
operation of the device at any condition above those indicated in the operational
sections of these specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for an extended period might affect device reliability.
19-4614; Rev 0; 4/09
Z86L88
Low-Voltage IR Microcontroller
7
Standard Test Conditions
The characteristics listed below apply for standard test conditions as noted. All
voltages are referenced to GND. Positive current flows into the referenced pin
(Figure 4).
From Output
Under Test
I
Figure 4. Test Load Diagram
Capacitance
Table 5 lists the capacitance for the Z86L88 microcontrollers.
.
Table 5. Capacitance
Parameter
Max
Input capacitance
12 pF
Output capacitance
12 pF
I/O capacitance
12 pF
Note: TA = 25°C, VCC = GND = 0 V, f = 1.0 MHz, unmeasured
pins returned to GND.
19-4614; Rev 0; 4/09
Z86L88
Low-Voltage IR Microcontroller
8
DC Characteristics
Table 6 lists the direct current (DC) characteristics.
Table 6. DC Characteristics
Symbol Parameter
Max Input Voltage
VCH
Clock Input High Voltage
TA = 0 °C to +70 °C
VCC Min
Max
2.0 V
7
3.6 V
7
2.0 V 0.8 VCC VCC + 0.3
3.6 V 0.8 VCC
VCL
VIH
Clock Input Low Voltage
Input High Voltage
VCC + 0.3 V
2.0 V VSS–0.3 0.2 VCC
V
3.6 V VSS–0.3 0.2 VCC
V
2.0 V
3.6 V
VIL
Input Low Voltage
2.0 V
3.6 V
VOH1
Output High Voltage
2.0 V
3.6 V
VOH2
Output High Voltage
2.0 V
(P00, P01, P36, and P37)
3.6 V
VOL1
Output Low Voltage
2.0 V
3.6 V
VOL2
Output Low Voltage
2.0 V
3.6 V
VOL2
Output Low Voltage
2.0 V
(P00, P01, P36, and P37)
3.6 V
VOFFSET Comparator Input Offset Voltage 2.0 V
3.6 V
IIL
Input Leakage
2.0 V
3.6 V
IOL
Output Leakage
2.0 V
3.6 V
19-4614; Rev 0; 4/09
Units
V
V
V
0.7 VCC
0.7 VCC
VSS–0.3
VSS–0.3
VCC–0.4
VCC–0.4
VCC–0.8
VCC–0.8
–1
–1
–1
–1
VCC + 0.3
VCC + 0.3
0.2 VCC
0.2 VCC
0.4
0.4
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
25
25
1
1
1
1
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
mV
mV
A
A
A
A
Conditions
Notes
IIN <250 A
IIN <250 A
Driven by External
Clock Generator
Driven by External
Clock Generator
Driven by External
Clock Generator
Driven by External
Clock Generator
IOH = –0.5 mA
IOH = –0.5 mA
IOH = –7 mA
IOH = –7 mA
IOL = 1.0 mA
IOL = 4.0 mA
IOL = 5.0 mA
IOL = 7.0 mA
IOL = 10 mA
IOL = 10 mA
VIN = 0 V, VCC
VIN = 0 V, VCC
VIN = 0 V, VCC
VIN = 0 V, VCC
1
1
1
Z86L88
Low-Voltage IR Microcontroller
9
Table 6. DC Characteristics (Continued)
Symbol Parameter
ICC
Supply Current
ICC1
ICC2
Standby Current (HALT Mode)
Standby Current (STOP Mode)
TPOR
Power-On Reset
VBO
VCC Low Voltage Protection
TA = 0 °C to +70 °C
VCC Min
Max
2.0 V
10
3.6 V
15
2.0 V
250
3.6 V
850
2.0 V
3
Units
mA
mA
A
A
mA
3.6 V
2.0 V
5
2
mA
mA
3.6 V
2.0 V
4
8
mA
A
3.6 V
2.0 V
10
500
A
A
3.6 V
2.0 V 12
3.6 V 5
800
75
20
2.0
A
ms
ms
V
Conditions
at 8.0 MHz
at 8.0 MHz
at 32 kHz
at 32 kHz
VIN = 0 V, VCC at
8.0 MHz
Same as above
Clock Divide-by-16
at 8.0 MHz
Same as above
VIN = 0 V, VCC
WDT is not
Running
Same as above
VIN = 0 V, VCC
WDT is Running
Same as above
8 MHz max
Ext. CLK Freq.
Notes
2, 3
2, 3
2, 3, 8
2, 3, 8
2, 3
2, 3
2, 3
2, 3
4, 6, 9
4, 6, 9
4, 6, 9
4, 6, 9
5
Notes:
1. All outputs excluding P00, P01, P36, and P37
2. All outputs unloaded, inputs at rail
3. CL1 = CL2 = 100 pF
4. Same as note 2 except inputs at VCC
5. The VBO is measured at room temperature and typically is 1.6 V. VBO increases as the temperature decreases.
6. Oscillator stopped
7. Not applicable
8. 32-kHz clock driver input
9. WDT, Comparators, Low Voltage Detection, and ADC (if applicable) are disabled. The IC might draw more
current if any of the above peripherals is enabled.
19-4614; Rev 0; 4/09
Z86L88
Low-Voltage IR Microcontroller
10
AC Characteristics
This section discusses the alternating current (AC) characteristics. The timing diagram is shown in Figure 5 and described in Table 7.
3
1
Clock
2
2
7
7
TIN
4
5
6
IRQN
8
9
Clock
Setup
11
Stop
Mode
Recovery
Source
Figure 5. Timing Diagram
19-4614; Rev 0; 4/09
10
3
Z86L88
Low-Voltage IR Microcontroller
11
Table 7. AC Characteristics
TA = 0°C to +70°C
8.0 MHz
Number Symbol
1
TpC
Parameter
Input Clock Period
2
TrC,TfC
Clock Input Rise and
Fall Times
3
TwC
Input Clock Width
4
TwTinL
Timer Input
Low Width
5
TwTinH
Timer Input High
Width
6
TpTin
Timer Input Period
7
TrTin,TfTin Timer Input Rise and
Fall Times
8A
TwIL
Interrupt Request
Low Time
8B
TwIL
Interrupt Request
Low Time
9
TwIH
Interrupt Request
Input High Time
10
Twsm
Stop-Mode Recovery
Width Spec
11
Tost
Oscillator
Start-Up Time
19-4614; Rev 0; 4/09
VCC
2.0 V
3.6 V
2.0 V
3.6 V
2.0 V
3.6 V
2.0 V
3.6 V
2.0 V
5.5 V
2.0 V
3.6 V
2.0 V
3.6 V
2.0 V
3.6 V
2.0 V
3.6 V
2.0 V
3.6 V
2.0 V
3.6 V
2.0 V
3.6 V
Min
121
121
Max
DC
DC
25
25
37
37
100
70
3TpC
3TpC
8TpC
8TpC
100
100
100
70
5TpC
5TpC
5TpC
5TpC
12
12
5TpC
5TpC
Stop-Mode
Recovery
(D1, D0)
Units Notes
ns
1
ns
1
ns
1
ns
1
ns
1
ns
1
ns
1
ns
1
1
1
1
1
ns
1
ns
1
ns
1, 2
ns
1, 2
1, 3
1, 3
1, 2
1, 2
ns
ns
4
4
Z86L88
Low-Voltage IR Microcontroller
12
Table 7. AC Characteristics (Continued)
TA = 0°C to +70°C
8.0 MHz
Number Symbol
12
Twdt
Parameter
Watch-Dog Timer
Delay Time
(60 ms)
VCC
2.0 V
3.6 V
2.0 V
3.6 V
2.0 V
3.6 V
2.0 V
3.6 V
Min
20
7.5
20
7.5
40
15
160
60
Max
Notes:
1. Timing Reference uses 0.9 VCC for a logic 1 and 0.1 VCC for a logic 0.
2. Interrupt request through Port 3 (P33–P31)
3. Interrupt request through Port 3 (P30)
4. SMR – D5 = 0.
5. For internal RC oscillator
19-4614; Rev 0; 4/09
Stop-Mode
Recovery
(D1, D0)
Units Notes
ms 5
0, 0
ms 5
ms 5
0, 1
ms 5
ms 5
1, 0
ms 5
ms 5
1, 1
ms 5
Z86L88
Low-Voltage IR Microcontroller
13
Pin Functions
XTAL1 Crystal 1 (Time-Based Input)
This pin connects a parallel-resonant crystal, ceramic resonator, LC, or RC network to the on-chip oscillator input. An external single-phase clock to the on-chip
oscillator input is also an option.
XTAL2 Crystal 2 (Time-Based Output)
This pin connects a parallel-resonant crystal, ceramic resonant, LC, or RC network to the on-chip oscillator output.
Port 0 (P07–P00)
Port 0 is an 8-bit, bidirectional, CMOS-compatible port. These eight I/O lines are
configured under software control as a nibble I/O port. The output drivers are
push-pull or open drain controlled by bit D2 in the PCON register. If one or both
nibbles are required for I/O operation, they must be configured by writing to the
Port 0 mode register. After a hardware reset, Port 0 is configured as an input port.
A mask option is available to program 0.4 VDD CMOS trip inputs on P00–P03.
This option allows direct interface to mouse/trackball IR sensors.
An optional pull-up transistor is available as a mask option on all Port 0 bits with
nibble select. See Figure 6.
Note: Internal pull-ups are disabled on any given pin or group of port
pins when programmed into output mode.
19-4614; Rev 0; 4/09
Z86L88
Low-Voltage IR Microcontroller
14
4
Port 0 (I/O)
Z86L88
MCU
4
Mask
Option
Open-Drain
VCC
Resistive
transistor
pull-up
I/O
Pad
Out
In
In
*Mask Selectable
0.4 VCC
Trip Point Buffer
Figure 6. Port 0 Configuration
19-4614; Rev 0; 4/09
Z86L88
Low-Voltage IR Microcontroller
15
Port 2 (P27–P20)
Port 2 is an 8-bit, bidirectional, CMOS-compatible I/O port. These eight I/O lines
can be independently configured under software control as inputs or outputs. Port
2 is always available for I/O operation. A mask option is available to connect eight
pull-up transistors on this port. Bits programmed as outputs are globally programmed as either push-pull or open-drain. The POR resets with the
8 bits of Port 2 configured as inputs.
Port 2 also has an 8-bit input OR and AND gate that can be used to wake up the
part. P20 can be programmed to access the edge-detection circuitry in demodulation mode. See Figure 7.
Z86L88
MCU
Open-Drain
Port 2 I/O
Mask
Option
VCC
Resistive transistor
pull-up
I/O
Pad
Out
In
Figure 7. Port 2 Configuration
19-4614; Rev 0; 4/09
Z86L88
Low-Voltage IR Microcontroller
16
Port 3 (P37–P31)
Port 3 (see Figure 8) is a 7-bit, CMOS-compatible, fixed I/O port. Port 3 consists of
three fixed input (P33–P31) and four fixed output (P37–P34) ports, and each can
be configured under software control for interrupt and output from the counter/timers. P31, P32, and P33 are standard CMOS inputs; P34, P35, P36, and P37 are
push-pull outputs.
P31
P32
Z86L88
MCU
P33
Port 3 (I/O)
P34
P35
P36
P37
R247 = P3M
D1
1 = Analog
0 = Digital
DIG.
P31 (AN1)
IRQ2, P31 Data Latch
Comp1
+
Pref
AN.
–
P32 (AN2)
+
P33 (Ref2)
Comp1
IRQ0, P32 Data Latch
–
From Stop Mode
Recovery Source of SMR
IRQ1, P33 Data Latch
Figure 8. Port 3 Configuration
Two on-board comparators process analog signals on P31 and P32 with
reference to the voltage on Pref1 and P33. The analog function is enabled by
19-4614; Rev 0; 4/09
Z86L88
Low-Voltage IR Microcontroller
17
programming the Port 3 Mode Register (bit 1). P31 and P32 are programmable as
rising, falling, or both edge-triggered interrupts (IRQ register bits 6 and 7). Pref1
and P33 are the comparator reference voltage inputs. Access to the counter/timer
edge-detection circuit is through P31 or P20 (see “Common Control Register to
Counter/Timer T8 and T16” on page 39). Other edge-detect and IRQ modes are
described in Table 8.
Table 8. Pin Assignments
Pin
I/O
C/T
Pref1
Comp.
Int.
RF1
P31
IN
P32
IN
AN1
IRQ2
IN
AN2
IRQ0
P33
IN
RF2
IRQ1
P34
OUT
T8
P35
OUT
T16
P36
OUT
T8/16
P37
OUT
P20
I/O
AO1
AO2
IN
Port 3 also provides output for the counter/timers and the AND/OR logic. Control
is performed by programming bits D5–D4 of CTR1, bit 0 of CTR0, and bit 0 of
CTR2.
Comparator Inputs
In analog mode, P31 and P32 have a comparator front end. The comparator reference is supplied to Pref1 and P33. In this mode, the P33 internal data latch and its
corresponding IRQ1 are diverted to the SMR sources (excluding P31, P32, and
P33) as indicated in Figure 8 on page 16. In digital mode, P33 is used as D3 of
the Port 3 input register, which then generates IRQ1.
Note: Comparators are powered down by entering STOP Mode. For
P31–P33 to be used in a Stop-Mode Recovery source, these
inputs must be placed into digital mode.
Comparator Outputs
These outputs can be programmed to be output on P34 and P37 through the
PCON register. See Figure 9.
19-4614; Rev 0; 4/09
Z86L88
Low-Voltage IR Microcontroller
18
CTR0, D0
PCON, D0
P34 data
T8_Out
VDD
MUX
MUX
P31
+
Pref1
–
Pad
P34
Comp1
CTR2, D0
VDD
Out 35
T16_Out
MUX
Pad
P35
CTR1, D6
VDD
Out 36
MUX
Pad
T8/16_Out
P36
PCON, D0
VDD
P37 data
MUX
P32
+
Pref2
–
P37
Comp2
Figure 9. Port 3 Counter/Timer Output Configuration
19-4614; Rev 0; 4/09
Pad
Z86L88
Low-Voltage IR Microcontroller
19
Functional Description
The Z86L88 incorporates special functions to enhance the Z8's functionality in
consumer and battery-operated applications.
Program Memory
The Z86L88 device addresses 16 KB of internal program memory. The first 12
bytes are reserved for interrupt vectors. These locations contain the five 16-bit
vectors that correspond to the five available interrupts.
RAM
The Z86L88 device has 237 bytes of RAM that make up the register file.
Not Accessible
16383
Location of
First byte of
Instruction
Executed
After RESET
Interrupt
Vector
(Lower Byte)
Interrupt
Vector
(Upper Byte)
On-Chip ROM
12
Reset Start Address
11
IRQ5
10
IRQ5
9
IRQ4
8
IRQ4
7
IRQ3
6
IRQ3
5
IRQ2
4
IRQ2
3
IRQ1
2
IRQ1
1
IRQ0
0
IRQ0
Figure 10. Program Memory Map (16K ROM)
Expanded Register File
The register file has been expanded to allow for additional system control registers and for mapping of additional peripheral devices into the register address
area. The Z8 register address space R0 through R15 has been implemented as
19-4614; Rev 0; 4/09
Z86L88
Low-Voltage IR Microcontroller
20
16 banks with 16 registers per bank. These register groups are known as the
Expanded Register File (ERF). Bits 7–4 of register RP select the working register
group. Bits 3–0 of register RP select the expanded register file bank.
Note: An expanded register bank is also referred to as an expanded
register group (see Figure 11).
The upper nibble of the register pointer (Figure 12 on page 22) selects which
working register group is accessed of 16 bytes in the register file, out of the possible 256. The lower nibble selects the expanded register file bank and, in the case
of the Z86L88 device, banks 0, F, and D are implemented. A 0h in the lower nibble
allows the normal register file (bank 0) to be addressed, but any other value from
1h to Fh exchanges the lower 16 registers to an expanded register bank. For
example, for the Z86L88 (see Figure 11):
R253 RP
R0
R1
R2
R3
=
=
=
=
=
00h
Port
Port
Port
Port
=
=
=
=
=
0Dh
CTRL0
CTRL1
CTRL2
Reserved
0
1
2
3
But if:
R253 RP
R0
R1
R2
R3
The counter/timers are mapped into ERF group D. Access is easily performed
using the following:
19-4614; Rev 0; 4/09
LD
RP, #0Dh
LD
LD
LD
R0,#xx
1, #xx
R1, 2
LD
RP, #0Dh
LD
RP, #7Dh
LD
LD
71h, 2
R1, 2
;
;
;
;
;
Select ERF D for access to bank D
(working register group 0)
load CTRL0
load CTRL1
CTRL2CTRL1
;
;
;
;
;
;
;
Select ERF D for access to bank D
(working register group 0)
Select expanded register bank D
working register group 7 of bank 0
for access.
CTRL2register 71h
CTRL2register 71h
Z86L88
Low-Voltage IR Microcontroller
21
Z8 Standard Control Registers
REGISTER POINTER
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Expanded Register
Bank Group Pointer
Working Register
Group Pointer
*
*
Z8 Register File (Bank 0)**
FF
F0
RESET CONDITION
7
REGISTER**
Reserved
7F
†
Reserved
0F
00
*
*
*
RESET CONDITION
(0) 03
P3
(0) 02
P2
U U U U U U U U
(0) 00
P0
U U U U U U U U
0
0 U 0 U U U U
U = Unknown
* Not reset with a Stop-Mode Recovery
** All addresses are in hexadecimal
† Not reset with a Stop-Mode Recovery, except Bit 0.
Figure 11.
19-4614; Rev 0; 4/09
Expanded Register File Architecture
4
3
2
1
0
FF
SPL
U U U U U U U U
SPH
U U U U U U U U
FD
RP
0
FC
FLAGS
U U U U U U U U
FB
IMR
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
FA
IRQ
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
F9
IPR
U U U U U U U U
F8
P01M
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
F7
P3M
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
F6
P2M
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
F5
Reserved
U U U U U U U U
F4
Reserved
U U U U U U U U
F3
Reserved
U U U U U U U U
F2
Reserved
U U U U U U U U
F1
Reserved
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
F0
Reserved
0
U U 0
0
0
0
0
(F) 0F
WDTMR
(F) 0E
Reserved
(F) 0D
SMR2
(F) 0C
Reserved
(F) 0B
SMR
(F) 0A
Reserved
(F) 09
Reserved
(F) 08
Reserved
(F) 07
Reserved
(F) 06
Reserved
(F) 05
Reserved
(F) 04
Reserved
(F) 03
Reserved
(F) 02
Reserved
(F) 01
Reserved
(F) 00
PCON
(D) 0C
Reserved
(D) 0B
(D) 0A
(D) 09
HI8
LO8
HI16
(D) 08
(D) 07
LO16
TC16H
(D) 06
(D) 05
TC16L
TC8H
(D) 04
(D) 03
TC8L
Reserved
(D) 02
(D) 01
CTR2
CTR1
(D) 00
CTR0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
RESET CONDITION
U U U 0
0
0
0
0
U 0 U 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
U U U U U U U U
EXPANDED REG. BANK (D)
REGISTER**
EXPANDED REG. GROUP (0)
REGISTER**
5
FE
EXPANDED REG. BANK (F)
REGISTER**
*
6
RESET CONDITION
U U U U U U U U
U U U U U U U U
U U U U U U U U
U U U U U U U U
U U U U U U U U
U U U U U U U U
U U U U U U U U
U U U U U U U U
0
U U U U U U 0
0
0
0 U U U U U U
0 U U U U U 0
Z86L88
Low-Voltage IR Microcontroller
22
R253 RP
D7 D6 D5
D4 D3
D2
D1
D0
Expanded Register
File Pointer
Default setting after reset = 0000 0000
Working Register
Pointer
Figure 12. Register Pointer Register
Expanded Register File Control Registers (0D)
Figure 13, Figure 14, and Figure 15 show the expanded register file control registers (0D).
CTR1 (0D) 0H
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
0 = P34 as Port Output *
1 = Timer8 Output
0 = Disable T8 Time-out Interrupt
1 = Enable T8 Time-out Interrupt
0 = Disable T8 Data Capture Interrupt
1 = Enable T8 Data Capture Interrupt
00 = SCLK on T8
01 = SCLK/2 on T8
10 = SCLK/4 on T8
11 = SCLK/8 on T8
R = 0 T8 No T8 Counter Time-out
R = 1 T8 Counter Time-out Occurred
W = 0 No Effect
W = 1 Reset Flag to 0
0 = Modulo-N
1 = Single Pass
* Default setting after reset
R = 0 T8 Disabled *
R = 1 T8 Enabled
W = 0 Stop T8
W = 1 Enable T8
Figure 13. TC8 Control Register—(0D) OH: Read/Write Except Where Noted
19-4614; Rev 0; 4/09
Z86L88
Low-Voltage IR Microcontroller
23
CTR1 (0D) 1H
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
Transmit Mode
R/W 0 T16_OUT is 0 Initially
1 T16_OUT is 1 Initially
Demodulation Mode
R 0 = No Falling Edge Detection
R 1 = Falling Edge Detection
W 0 = No Effect
W 1 = Reset Flag to 0
Transmit Mode
R/W 0 = T8_OUT is 0 initially
R/W 1 = T8_OUT is 1 initially
Demodulation Mode
R 0 = No Rising Edge Detection
R 1 = Rising Edge Detection
W 0 = No Effect
W 1 = Reset flag to 0
Transmit Mode
0 0 = Normal Operation
0 1 = Ping-Pong Mode
1 0 = T16_OUT = 0
1 1 = T16_OUT = 1
Demodulation Mode
0 0 = No Filter
0 1 = 4 SCLK Cycle Filter
1 0 = 8 SCLK Cycle Filter
1 1 = Reserved
Transmit Mode/T8/T16 Logic
0 0 = AND
0 1 = OR
1 0 = NOR
1 1 = NAND
Demodulation Mode
0 0 = Falling Edge Detection
0 1 = Rising Edge Detection
1 0 = Both Edge Detection
1 1 = Reserved
Transmit Mode
0 = P36 as Port Output *
1 = P36 as T8/T16_OUT
Demodulation Mode
0 = P31 as Demodulator Input
1 = P20 as Demodulator Input
* Default setting after reset
Note: Care must be taken in differentiating
transmit mode from demodulation mode.
Depending on which of these two modes is
operating, the CTR1 bit has different
functions.
Note: Changing from one mode to
another cannot be done without
disabling the counter/timers.
Transmit/Demodulation Modes
0 = Transmit Mode *
1 = Demodulation Mode
Figure 14. T8 and T16 Common Control Functions—(0D) 1H: Read/Write
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CTR2 (0D) 02H
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
0 = P35 is Port Output *
1 = P35 is TC16 Output
0 = Disable T16 Time-out Interrupt
1 = Enable T16 time-out Interrupt
0 = Disable T16 Data Capture Interrupt
1 = Enable T16 Data Capture Interrupt
00 = SCLK on T16
01 = SCLK/2 on T16
10 = SCLK/4 on T16
11 = SCLK/8 on T16
R = 0 No T16 Time-out
R = 1 T16 Time-out Occurs
W = 0 No Effect
W = 1 Reset Flag to 0
Transmit Mode
0 = Modulo-N for T16
1 = Single Pass for T16
Demodulator Mode
0 = T16 Recognizes Edge
1 = T16 Does Not Recognize Edge
* Default setting after reset
R = 0 T16 Disabled *
R = 1 T16 Enabled
W = 0 Stop T16
W = 1 Enable T16
Figure 15. T16 Control Register—(0D) 2H: Read/Write Except Where Noted
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Expanded Register File Control Registers (0F)
Figure 16 through Figure 29 show the expanded register file control registers (0F).
SMR (0F) 0B
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
SCLK/TCLK Divide-by-16
0 = OFF **
1 = ON
Reserved (must be 0)
Stop-Mode Recovery Source
000 = POR Only *
001 = Reserved
010 = P31
011 = P32
100 = P33
101 = P27
110 = P2 NOR 0–3
111 = P2 NOR 0–7
Stop Delay
0 = OFF
1 = ON*
Stop Recovery Level ***
0 = Low *
1 = High
Stop Flag
0 = POR *
1 = Stop Recovery **
* Default setting after reset
** Default setting after reset and Stop-Mode Recovery
*** At the XOR gate input
Figure 16. Stop-Mode Recovery Register—(0F) 0BH: D6–D0 = Write Only, D7 = Read
Only
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SMR2 (0F) DH
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
Reserved (must be 0)
Reserved (must be 0)
Stop-Mode Recovery Source
000 = POR Only *
001 = NAND P20, P21, P22, P23
010 = NAND P20, P21, P22, P23, P24, P25, P26, P27
011 = NOR P31, P32, P33
100 = NAND P31, P32, P33
101 = NOR P31, P32, P33, P00, P07
110 = NAND P31, P32, P33, P00, P07
111 = NAND P31, P32, P33, P20, P21, P22
Reserved (must be 0)
Recovery Level **
0 = Low *
1 = High
Reserved (must be 0)
* Default setting after reset
** At the XOR gate input
Note: If used in conjunction with SMR,
either of the two specified events
causes a Stop-Mode Recovery.
Figure 17. Stop-Mode Recovery Register 2—(0F) 0DH: D2–D4, D6 Write Only
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WDTMR (0F) 0F
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
WDT TAP INT RC OSC
00 = 7.5 ms min
01* = 7.5 ms min
10 = 15 ms min
11 = 60 ms min
WDT during HALT
0 = OFF
1 = ON*
WDT during STOP
0 = OFF
1 = ON*
Reserved (must be 0)
* Default setting after reset
Figure 18. Watch-Dog Timer Register—(0F) 0FH: Write Only
PCON (FH) 00H
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
Comparator Output Port 3
0 P34, P37, Standard Output*
1 P34, P37, Comparator Output
Reserved (must be 1)
Port 0
0 = Open-drain
1 = Push-pull*
Reserved (must be 1)
*Default setting after reset
Figure 19. Port Configuration Register (PCON)—(0F) 0H: Write Only
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R246 P2M
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
P27–P20 I/O Definition
0 = Defines bit as OUTPUT
1 = Defines bit as INPUT *
*Default setting after reset
Figure 20. Port 2 Mode Register—F6H: Write Only
R247 P3M
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
0 = Port 2 Open-Drain *
1 = Port 2 Push-Pull
0 = P31, P32 Digital Mode
1 = P31, P32 Analog Mode
Reserved (must be 0)
*Default setting after reset
Figure 21. Port 3 Mode Register—F7H: Write Only
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R248 P01M
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
P00–P03 Mode
0: Output
1: Input *
Reserved; must be 0
Reserved; must be 1
Reserved; must be 0
P07–P04 Mode
0: Output
1: Input *
Reserved; must be 0
* Default setting after reset
Figure 22. Port 0 and 1 Mode Register (F8h: Write Only)
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R249 IPR
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
Interrupt Group Priority
000 = Reserved
001 = C>A>B
010 = A>B>C
011 = A>C>B
100 = B>C>A
101 = C>B>A
110 = B>A>C
111 = Reserved
IRQ1, IRQ4, Priority (Group C)
0 = IRQ1>IRQ4
1 = IRQ4>IRQ1
IRQ0, IRQ2, Priority (Group B)
0 = IRQ2>IRQ0
1 = IRQ0>IRQ2
IRQ3, IRQ5, Priority (Group A)
0 = IRQ5>IRQ3
1 = IRQ3>IRQ5
Reserved (must be 0)
Figure 23. Interrupt Priority Register—F9H: Write Only
R250 IRQ
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
IRQ0 = P32 Input
IRQ1 = P23 Input
IRQ2 = P31 Input
IRQ3 = T16
IRQ4 = T8
Inner Edge
P31  P32  = 00
P31  P32  = 01
P31  P32  = 10
P31  P32  = 11
Figure 24. Interrupt Request Register—FAH: Read/Write
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R251 IMR
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
1 = Enables IRQ5–IRQ0
(D0 = IRQ0)
Reserved (must be 0)
0 = Master Interrupt Disable *
1 = Master Interrupt Enable **
* Default setting after reset
** Only by using E1, D1 instruction. D1 is required before changing the IMR register.
Figure 25. Interrupt Mask Register—FBH: Read/Write
R252 Flags
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
User Flag F1
User Flag F2
Half Carry Flag
Decimal Adjust Flag
Overflow Flag
Sign Flag
Zero Flag
Carry Flag
Figure 26. Flag Register—FCH: Read/Write
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R253 RP
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
Expanded Register Bank
Pointer
Default setting after
reset = 0000 0000
Working Register
Pointer
Figure 27. Register Pointer—FDH: Read/Write
R254 SPH
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
General-Purpose Register
Byte (SP15–SP8)
Figure 28. Stack Pointer High—FEH: Read/Write
R255 SPL
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
Stack Pointer Lower
Byte (SP7–SP0)
Figure 29. Stack Pointer Low—FFH: Read/Write
Register File
The register file (bank 0) consists of 4 I/O port registers, 237 general-purpose registers, and 16 control and status registers (R0–R3, R4–R239, and R240–255,
respectively). Additionally, there are two expanded registers groups in Banks D
and F. Instructions can access registers directly or indirectly through an 8-bit
address field, thereby allowing a short, 4-bit register address to use the Register
Pointer (Figure 30). In the 4-bit mode, the register file is divided into 16 working
register groups, each occupying 16 continuous locations. The Register Pointer
addresses the starting location of the active working register group.
Note: Working register group E0–EF can only be accessed through
working registers and indirect addressing modes.
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r7 r6
r5
r
4
r3 r
2 r1 r0
R253
The upper nibble of the register file address
provided by the register pointer specifies
the active working-register group
7F
70
6F
60
5F
50
4F
40
3F
30
2F
Specified Working
Register Group
The lower nibble
of the register
file address
provided by the
Instruction points
to the specified
register
20
1F
Register Group 1
10
0F
R15 to R0
Register Group 2
R15 to R4*
00
I/O Ports
R3 to R0*
Figure 30. Register Pointer
Stack
The Z86L88 internal register file is used for the stack. An 8-bit Stack Pointer
(R255) is used for the internal stack that resides in the general-purpose registers
(R4–R239). SPH is used as a general-purpose register only when using internal
stacks.
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Counter/Timer Registers
Table 9 describes the expanded register group D.
Table 9. Expanded Register Group D
(D)0Ch
LVD
(D)0Bh
HI8
(D)0Ah
LO8
(D)09h
HI16
(D)08h
LO16
(D)07h
TC16H
(D)06h
TC16L
(D)05h
TC8H
(D)04h
TC8L
(D)03h
Reserved
(D)02h
CTR2
(D)01h
CTR1
(D)00h
CTR0
HI8(D)0Bh
This register (Table 10) holds the captured data from the output of the 8-bit Counter/Timer0. This register is typically used to hold the number of counts when the
input signal is 1.
Table 10. HI8(D)0Bh
Field
Bit Position
T8_Capture_HI
76543210
Description
R
W
Captured Data
No Effect
L08(D)0Ah
This register (Table 11) holds the captured data from the output of the 8-bit Counter/Timer0. This register is typically used to hold the number of counts when the
input signal is 0HI16(D)09h.
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.
Table 11. L08(D)0Ah
Field
Bit Position
T8_Capture_L0
76543210
Description
R
W
Captured Data
No Effect
HI16(D)09h
This register (Table 12) holds the captured data from the output of the 16-bit
Counter/Timer16. This register also holds the MS-Byte of the data.
Table 12. HI16(D)09h
Field
Bit Position
T16_Capture_HI
76543210
Description
R
W
Captured Data
No Effect
L016(D)08h
This register (Table 13) holds the captured data from the output of the 16-bit
Counter/Timer16. This register also holds the LS-Byte of the data.
Table 13. L016(D)08h
Field
Bit Position
T16_Capture_LO
76543210
Description
R
W
Captured Data
No Effect
TC16H(D)07h
Table 14 describes the Counter/Timer2 MS-Byte Hold Register.
Table 14. TC16H(D)07h
Field
Bit Position
T16_Data_HI 76543210
19-4614; Rev 0; 4/09
Description
R/W
Data
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Low-Voltage IR Microcontroller
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TC16L(D)06h
Table 15 describes the Counter/Timer2 LS-Byte Hold Register.
Table 15. TC16L(D)06h
Field
Bit Position
T16_Data_LO 76543210
Description
R/W
Data
TC8H(D)05h
Table 16 describes the Counter/Timer8 High Hold Register.
Table 16. TC8H(D)05h
Field
Bit Position
T8_Level_HI
76543210
Description
R/W
Data
TC8L(D)04h
Table 17 describes the Counter/Timer8 Low Hold Register.
Table 17. TC8L(D)04h
Field
Bit Position
T8_Level_LO
76543210
19-4614; Rev 0; 4/09
Description
R/W
Data
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37
CTR0 Counter/Timer8 Control Register
Table 18 describes the CTR0 (D)00 Counter/Timer8 Control Register.
Table 18. CTR0 (D)00 Counter/Timer8 Control Register
Field
Bit Position
T8_Enable
7-------
R
W
Value
Description
0*
1
0
1
Counter Disabled
Counter Enabled
Stop Counter
Enable Counter
Single/Modulo-N
-6-------
R/W
0
1
Modulo-N
Single Pass
Time_Out
--5------
R
0
1
0
1
No Counter Time-Out
Counter Time-Out Occurred
No Effect
Reset Flag to 0
W
---43---
R/W
00
01
10
11
SCLK
SCLK/2
SCLK/4
SCLK/8
Capture_INT_MASK -----2--
R/W
0
1
Disable Data Capture Int.
Enable Data Capture Int.
Counter_INT_Mask ------1-
R/W
0
1
Disable Time-Out Int.
Enable Time-Out Int.
P34_Out
R/W
0*
1
P34 as Port Output
T8 Output on P34
T8 _Clock
-------0
Note:
* Indicates the value upon Power-On Reset.
T8 Enable
This field enables T8 when set (written) to 1.
Single/Modulo-N
When set to 0 (modulo-n), the counter reloads the initial value when the terminal
count is reached. When set to 1 (single pass), the counter stops when the terminal
count is reached.
Time-Out
This bit is set when T8 times out (terminal count reached). To reset this bit, a 1
must be written to this location.
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Caution:
Writing a 1 is the only way to reset the Terminal Count
status condition. Therefore, you must reset this bit before
using/enabling the counter/timers.
The first clock of T8 might not exhibit complete clock width
and can occur anytime when enabled.
Note: Care must be taken when using the OR or AND commands to
manipulate CTR0, bit 5 and CTR1, bits 0 and 1 (demodulation
mode). These instructions use a Read-Modify-Write sequence
in which the current status from the CTR0 and CTR1 registers
is ORed or ANDed with the designated value and then written
back into the registers.
For example, when the status of bit 5 is 1, a timer reset condition occurs.
T8 Clock
This bit defines the frequency of the input signal to T8.
Capture_INT_Mask
Set this bit to allow an interrupt when data is captured into either LO8 or HI8 upon
a positive or negative edge detection in demodulation mode.
Counter_INT_Mask
Set this bit to allow an interrupt when T8 has a time-out.
P34_Out
This bit defines whether P34 is used as a normal output pin or the T8 output.
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Common Control Register to Counter/Timer T8 and T16
This register controls the functions in common with the T8 and T16. See Table 19.
Table 19. CTR1(D)01h Register
Field
Bit Position
Mode
7-------
R/W
P36_Out/Demodulator_Input
-6------
R/W
Value
Description
0*
Transmit Mode
Demodulation Mode
0*
1
0
1
T8/T16_Logic/Edge _Detect
--54----
R/W
00
01
10
11
00
01
10
11
Transmit_Submode/Glitch_Filter
----32--
R/W
00
01
10
11
00
01
10
11
19-4614; Rev 0; 4/09
Transmit Mode
Port Output
T8/T16 Output
Demodulation Mode
P31
P20
Transmit Mode
AND
OR
NOR
NAND
Demodulation Mode
Falling Edge
Rising Edge
Both Edges
Reserved
Transmit Mode
Normal Operation
Ping-Pong Mode
T16_Out = 0
T16_Out = 1
Demodulation Mode
No Filter
4 SCLK Cycle
8 SCLK Cycle
Reserved
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Low-Voltage IR Microcontroller
40
Table 19. CTR1(D)01h Register (Continued)
Field
Bit Position
Initial_T8_Out/Rising_Edge
------1-
Value
R/W
0
1
R
0
1
0
1
W
Initial_T16_Out/Falling_Edge
-------0
R/W
0
1
R
0
1
0
1
W
Description
Transmit Mode
T8_OUT is 0 Initially
T8_OUT is 1 Initially
Demodulation Mode
No Rising Edge
Rising Edge Detected
No Effect
Reset Flag to 0
Transmit Mode
T16_OUT is 0 Initially
T16_OUT is 1 Initially
Demodulation Mode
No Falling Edge
Falling Edge Detected
No Effect
Reset Flag to 0
Note:
*Default upon Power-On Reset
Mode
If it is 0, the counter/timers are in the transmit mode; otherwise, they are in the
demodulation mode.
P36_Out/Demodulator_Input
In transmit mode, this bit defines whether P36 is used as a normal output pin or
the combined output of T8 and T16.
In demodulation mode, this bit defines whether the input signal to the counter/timers is from P20 or P31.
T8/T16_Logic/Edge_Detect
In transmit mode, this field defines how the outputs of T8 and T16 are combined
(AND, OR, NOR, NAND).
In demodulation mode, this field defines which edge needs to be detected by the
edge detector.
Transmit_Submode/Glitch_Filter
In transmit mode, this field defines whether T8 and T16 are in the “Ping-Pong”
mode or in independent normal operation mode. Setting this field to “Normal
19-4614; Rev 0; 4/09
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Operation Mode” terminates the “Ping-Pong Mode” operation. When this field is
set to 10, T16 is immediately forced to a 0; a setting of 11 forces T16 to output a 1.
In demodulation mode, this field defines the width of the glitch that needs to be filtered out.
Initial_T8_Out/Rising_Edge
In transmit mode, if 0, the output of T8 is set to 0 when it starts to count. If 1, the
output of T8 is set to 1 when it starts to count. When the counter is not enabled
and this bit is set to 1 or 0, T8_OUT is set to the opposite state of this bit. This
measure ensures that when the clock is enabled, a transition occurs to the initial
state set by CTR1, D1.
In demodulation mode, this bit is set to 1 when a rising edge is detected in the
input signal. In order to reset it, a 1 must be written to this location.
Initial_T16 Out/Falling_Edge
In transmit mode, if it is 0, the output of T16 is set to 0 when it starts to count. If it
is 1, the output of T16 is set to 1 when it starts to count. This bit is effective only in
Normal or Ping-Pong Mode (CTR1, D3, D2). When the counter is not enabled and
this bit is set, T16_OUT is set to the opposite state of this bit. This measure
ensures that when the clock is enabled, a transition occurs to the initial state set
by CTR1, D0.
In demodulation mode, this bit is set to 1 when a falling edge is detected in the
input signal. In order to reset it, a 1 must be written to this location.
Note: Modifying CTR1 (D1 or D0) while the counters are enabled
causes unpredictable output from T8/16_OUT.
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CTR2 Counter/Timer16 Control Register
Table 20 describes the contents of the CTR2 register.
Table 20. CTR2 (D)02h: Counter/Timer16 Control Register
Field
Bit Position
T16_Enable
7-------
R
W
Single/Modulo-N
-6------
Value
Description
0*
1
0
1
Counter Disabled
Counter Enabled
Stop Counter
Enable Counter
0
1
Transmit Mode
Modulo-N
Single Pass
Demodulation Mode
T16 Recognizes Edge
T16 Does Not Recognize Edge
0
1
0
1
No Counter Time-Out
Counter Time-Out Occurred
No Effect
Reset Flag to 0
R/W
0
1
Time_Out
--5-----
R
W
T16 _Clock
---43---
R/W
00
01
10
11
SCLK
SCLK/2
SCLK/4
SCLK/8
Capture_INT_Mask
-----2--
R/W
0
1
Disable Data Capture Int.
Enable Data Capture Int.
Counter_INT_Mask
------1-
R/W
0
Disable Time-Out Int.
Enable Time-Out Int.
P35_OUT
-------0
R/W
0*
1
P35 as Port Output
T16 Output on P35
Note:
* Indicates the value upon Power-On Reset.
T16_Enable
This field enables T16 when set to 1.
Single/Modulo-N
In transmit mode, when this bit is set to 0, the counter reloads the initial value
when the terminal count is reached. When this bit is set to 1, the counter stops
when the terminal count is reached.
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In demodulation mode, when this bit is set to 0, T16 captures and reloads on
detection of all the edges. When this bit is set to 1, T16 captures and detects on
the first edge but ignores the subsequent edges. For details, see “T16 Demodulation Mode” on page 51.
Time_Out
This bit is set when T16 times out (terminal count reached). To reset this bit, a 1
must be written to this location.
T16_Clock
This bit defines the frequency of the input signal to Counter/Timer16.
Capture_INT_Mask
This bit is set to allow an interrupt when data is captured into LO16 and HI16.
Counter_INT_Mask
This bit is set to allow an interrupt when T16 times out.
P35_Out
This bit defines whether P35 is used as a normal output pin or T16 output.
Counter/Timer Functional Blocks
The following are the counter/timer functional blocks:
•
•
•
•
Input circuit
Eight-bit counter/timer circuits (page 44)
Sixteen-bit counter/timer circuits (page 50)
Output circuit (page 54)
Input Circuit
The edge detector monitors the input signal on P31 or P20. Based on CTR1 D5–
D4, a pulse is generated at the Pos Edge or Neg Edge line when an edge is
detected. Glitches in the input signal that have a width less than specified (CTR1
D3, D2) are filtered out (see Figure 31).
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CTR1 D5, D4
P31
Pos Edge
MUX
Glitch Filter
Edge Detector
P20
Neg Edge
CTR1 D6
CTR1 D3, D2
Figure 31. Glitch Filter Circuitry
Eight-Bit Counter/Timer Circuits
Figure 32 shows the 8-bit counter/timer circuits.
Z8 Data Bus
CTR0 D2
Pos Edge
IRQ4
Neg Edge
HI8
LO8
CTR0 D4, D3
SCLK
CTR0 D1
Clock
Select
Clock
8-Bit
Counter T8
T8_OUT
TC8H
Z8 Data Bus
Figure 32. 8-Bit Counter/Timer Circuits
19-4614; Rev 0; 4/09
TC8L
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Low-Voltage IR Microcontroller
45
T8 Transmit Mode
Before T8 is enabled, the output of T8 depends on CTR1, D1. If it is 0, T8_OUT is
1. If it is 1, T8_OUT is 0.
When T8 is enabled, the output T8_OUT switches to the initial value (CTR1 D1). If
the initial value (CTR1 D1) is 0, TC8L is loaded; otherwise, TC8H is loaded into
the counter (see Figure 33). In Single-Pass Mode (CTR0 D6), T8 counts down to
0 and stops, T8_OUT toggles, and the time-out status bit (CTR0 D5) is set. A
time-out interrupt can be generated if it is enabled (CTR0 D1). See Figure 34. In
Modulo-N Mode, upon reaching the terminal count, T8_OUT is toggled, but no
interrupt is generated. From that point, T8 loads a new count (if the T8_OUT level
now is 0), TC8L is loaded; if it is 1, TC8H is loaded. T8 counts down to 0, toggles
T8_OUT, sets the time-out status bit (CTR0 D5), and generates an interrupt if
enabled (CTR0 D1). One cycle is thus completed. T8 then loads from TC8H or
TC8L according to the T8_OUT level and repeats the cycle. See Figure 35.
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T8 (8-Bit)
Transmit Mode
No
T8_Enable Bit
Set CTR0, D7
Reset T8_Enable Bit
Yes
CTR1, D1
Value
Load TC8L
Reset T8_OUT
Set Time-out Status Bit
(CTR0, D5) and generate
Timeout_Int if enabled
Load TC8H
Set T8_OUT
Enable T8
No
T8_Timeout
Yes
Single Pass
Single Pass?
Modulo-N
1
T8_OUT Value
Load TC8L
Reset T8_OUT
Load TC8H
Set T8_OUT
Enable T8
No
T8_Timeout
Yes
Figure 33. Transmit Mode Flowchart
19-4614; Rev 0; 4/09
0
Set Time-out Status Bit
(CTR0, D5) and generate
Timeout_Int if enabled
Z86L88
Low-Voltage IR Microcontroller
47
TC8H Counts
Counter Enable Command,
T8_OUT switches to its
initial value (CTR1 D1)
T8_OUT toggles
Time-out Interrupt
Figure 34. T8_OUT in Single-Pass Mode
T8_OUT Toggles
T8_OUT
TC8L
Counter Enable Command,
T8_OUT switches to its
initial value (CTR1 D1)
TC8H
TC8L
Time-out
Interrupt
TC8H
TC8L
Time-out
Interrupt
Figure 35. T8_OUT in Modulo-N Mode
You can modify the values in TC8H or TC8L at any time. The new values take
effect when they are loaded. To ensure known operation, do not write these registers at the time the values are to be loaded into the counter/timer. An initial count of
1 is not allowed (a nonfunction occurs). An initial count of 0 causes TC8 to count from
0 to FFh to FEh.
Note: “h” is used for hexadecimal values.
Transition from 0 to FFh is not a time-out condition.
Caution:
Do not use the same instructions for stopping the counter/
timers and setting the status bits.
Two successive commands are necessary. First, the counter/timers must be
stopped. Second, the status bits must be reset. These commands are required
because it takes one counter/timer clock interval for the initiated event to actually
occur.
T8 Demodulation Mode
You need to program TC8L and TC8H to FFh. After T8 is enabled, when the first
edge (rising, falling, or both, depending on CTR1 D5, D4) is detected, it starts to
count down. When a subsequent edge (rising, falling, or both depending on CTR1
D5, D4) is detected during counting, the current value of T8 is complemented and
put into one of the capture registers. If it is a positive edge, data is put into LO8; if
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it is a negative edge, HI8. From that point, an edge-detect status bits (CTR1 D1,
D0) is set, and an interrupt can be generated if enabled (CTR0 D2). Meanwhile,
T8 is loaded with FFh and starts counting again. If T8 reaches 0, the time-out status bit (CTR0 D5) is set, an interrupt can be generated if enabled (CTR0 D1), and
T8 continues counting from FFh (see Figure 36 and Figure 37).
T8 (8-Bit)
Count Capture
No
T8_Enable
(Set by User)
Yes
No
Edge
Present
Yes
What Kind
of Edge
Pos
Neg
T8 HI8
T8 LO8
FFh T8
Figure 36. Demodulation Mode Count Capture Flowchart
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T8 (8-Bit)
Demodulation
Mode
No
T8 Enable
CTR0, D7
Yes
FFh TC8
No
First Edge
Present
Yes
Disable T8
Enable TC8
No
T8_Enable Bit Set
Yes
Edge Present
No
Yes
T8 Time-out
Set Edge Present Status
Bit and Trigger Data
Capture Int. if enabled
Yes
Set Edge Present Status
Bit and Trigger Time
Out Int. if enabled
Continue Counting
Figure 37. Demodulation Mode Flowchart
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No
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Sixteen-Bit Counter/Timer Circuits
Figure 38 shows the 16-bit counter/timer circuits.
Z8 Data Bus
CTR2 D2
Pos Edge
IRQ3
Neg Edge
HI16
LO16
CTR2 D4, D3
SCLK
CTR2 D1
Clock
Clock
Select
16-Bit
Counter
T16
TC16H
T16_OUT
TC16L
Z8 Data Bus
Figure 38. 16-Bit Counter/Timer Circuits
T16 Transmit Mode
In Normal or Ping-Pong Mode, the output of T16, when not enabled, is dependent
on CTR1, D0. If the result is a 0, T16_OUT is a 1; if it is a 1, T16_OUT is 0. You
can force the output of T16 to either a 0 or 1 whether it is enabled or not by programming CTR1 D3, D2 to a 10 or 11.
When T16 is enabled, TC16H * 256 + TC16L is loaded, and T16_OUT is switched
to its initial value (CTR1 D0). When T16 counts down to 0, T16_OUT is toggled (in
Normal or Ping-Pong Mode), an interrupt is generated if enabled (CTR2 D1), and
a status bit (CTR2 D5) is set.
Note: Global interrupts override this function as described in
“Interrupts” on page 54.
If T16 is in Single-Pass Mode, T16 is stopped at this point (see Figure 39). If T16
is in Modulo-N Mode, T16 is loaded with TC16H * 256 + TC16L and the counting
continues (see Figure 40).
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TC16H*256+TC16L Counts
Counter Enable Command,
T16_OUT switches to its
initial value (CTR1 D0)
T16_OUT toggles
Time-out Interrupt
Figure 39. T16_OUT in Single-Pass Mode
TC16H*256+TCl16
T16_OUT
Counter Enable Command,
T16_OUT switches to its
initial value (CTR1 D0)
TC16H*256+TCl16
TC16H*256+TCl16
T16_OUT Toggles,
Time-out Interrupt
T16_OUT Toggles,
Time-out Interrupt
Figure 40. T16_OUT in Modulo-N Mode
You can modify the values in TC16H and TC16L at any time. The new values take
effect when they are loaded. To ensure known operation, do not load these registers at the time the values are to be loaded into the counter/timer. An initial count
of 1 is not allowed. An initial count of 0 causes T16 to count from 0 to FFFFh to
FFFEh. Transition from 0 to FFFFh is not a time-out condition.
T16 Demodulation Mode
You need to program TC16L and TC16H to FFh. After T16 is enabled and the first
edge (rising, falling, or both, depending on CTR1 D5, D4) is detected, T16 captures HI16 and LO16, reloads, and begins counting.
If D6 of CTR2 Is 0
When a subsequent edge (rising, falling, or both, depending on CTR1 D5, D4) is
detected during counting, the current count in T16 is one's complemented and put
into HI16 and LO16. When data is captured, one of the edge-detect status bits
(CTR1 D1, D0) is set, and an interrupt is generated if enabled (CTR2 D2). From
that point, T16 is loaded with FFFFh and starts again.
This T16 mode is generally used to measure space time, the length of time
between bursts of carrier signal (marks).
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If D6 of CTR2 Is 1
T16 ignores the subsequent edges in the input signal and continues counting
down. A time-out of T8 causes T16 to capture its current value and generate an
interrupt if enabled (CTR2, D2). In this case, T16 does not reload and continues
counting. If the D6 bit of CTR2 is toggled (by writing a 0 and then a 1 to it), T16
captures and reloads on the next edge (rising, falling, or both, depending on
CTR1 D5, D4) but continues to ignore subsequent edges.
This T16 mode is generally used to measure mark times, the length of active carrier signal bursts.
When T16 reaches 0, it continues counting from FFFFh. Meanwhile, a status bit
(CTR2 D5) is set, and an interrupt time-out can be generated if enabled (CTR2
D1).
Ping-Pong Mode
This operation mode (see Figure 41) is only valid in transmit mode. T8 and T16
must be programmed in Single-Pass Mode (CTR0 D6, CTR2 D6), and Ping-Pong
Mode must be programmed in CTR1 D3 and D2. You can begin the operation by
enabling either T8 or T16 (CTR0 D7 or CTR2 D7). For example, if T8 is enabled,
T8_OUT is set to this initial value (CTR1 D1). According to T8_OUT's level, TC8H
or TC8L is loaded into T8. After the terminal count is reached, T8 is disabled, and
T16 is enabled. T16_OUT switches to its initial value (CTR1 D0), data from
TC16H and TC16L is loaded, and T16 starts to count. After T16 reaches the terminal count, it stops, T8 is enabled again, and the whole cycle repeats. Interrupts
can be allowed when T8 or T16 reaches terminal control (CTR0 D1, CTR2 D1). To
stop the Ping-Pong operation, write 00 to bits D3 and D2 of CTR1.
Note: Enabling Ping-Pong operation while the counter/timers are
running might cause intermittent counter/timer function. Disable
the counter/timers and then reset the status flags before
instituting this operation.
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Enable
TC8
Time-out
Enable
Ping-Pong
CTR1, D3, D2
TC16
Time-out
Figure 41. Ping-Pong Mode
Starting Ping-Pong Mode
First, make sure both counter/timers are not running. Then set T8 into SinglePass Mode (CTR0 D6), set T16 into Single-Pass Mode (CTR2 D6), and set the
Ping-Pong Mode (CTR1 D2, D3). These instructions do not have to be in any particular order. Finally, start Ping-Pong Mode by enabling either T8 (CTR0 D7) or
T16 (CTR2 D7).
During Ping-Pong Mode
The enable bits of T8 and T16 (CTR0 D7, CTR2 D7) are set and cleared alternately by hardware. The time-out bits (CTR0 D5, CTR2 D5) are set every time the
counter/timers reach the terminal count.
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Output Circuit
Figure 42 shows the output circuit.
P34_INTERNAL
MUX
P34
CTR0 D0
P36_INTERNAL
T8_OUT
T16_OUT
CTR1 D2
MUX
AND/OR/NOR/NAND
Logic
MUX
P36
CTR1 D6
CTR1 D3
CTR1 D5, D4
P35_INTERNAL
MUX
P35
CTR2 D0
Figure 42. Output Circuit
Interrupts
The Z86L88 features five different interrupts. The interrupts are maskable and prioritized, as shown in Figure 43. The five sources are divided as follows: three
sources are claimed by Port 3 lines P33–P31and two by the counter/timers (see
Table 21). The Interrupt Mask Register, globally or individually, enables or disables the five interrupt requests.
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P31 P32
IRQ Register
D6, D7
P33
Interrupt
Edge Select
IRQ2
IRQ0 IRQ1
Timer
8
Timer
16
IRQ3
IRQ4
Low Voltage
Detection
IRQ5
IRQ
IMR
5
IPR
Global
Interrupt
Enable
Interrupt
Request
Priority
Logic
Vector Select
Figure 43. Interrupt Block Diagram
Table 21. Interrupt Types, Sources, and Vectors
Name
Source
Vector Location Comments
IRQ0
P32
0,1
External (P32), Rising Falling Edge Triggered
IRQ1
P33
2,3
External (P33), Falling Edge Triggered
IRQ2
P31, TIN
4,5
External (P31), Rising Falling Edge Triggered
IRQ3
T16
6,7
Internal
IRQ4
T8
8,9
Internal
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When more than one interrupt is pending, priorities are resolved by a programmable priority encoder controlled by the Interrupt Priority register. An interrupt
machine cycle is activated when an interrupt request is granted. As a result, all
subsequent interrupt are disabled, and the Program Counter and Status Flags are
saved. The cycle then branches to the program memory vector location reserved
for that interrupt. All Z86L88 interrupts are vectored through locations in the program memory. This memory location and the next byte contain the 16-bit address
of the interrupt service routine for that particular interrupt request. To accommodate polled interrupt systems, interrupt inputs are masked, and the Interrupt
Request register is polled to determine which of the interrupt requests require service.
An interrupt resulting from AN1 is mapped into IRQ2, and an interrupt from AN2 is
mapped into IRQ0. Interrupts IRQ2 and IRQ0 can be rising, falling, or both edge
triggered; all are programmable by the user. The software can poll to identify the
state of the pin.
Programming bits for the Interrupt Edge Select are located in the IRQ Register
(R250), bits D7 and D6. The configuration is indicated in Table 22.
Table 22. IRQ Register *
IRQ
Interrupt Edge
D7
D6
IRQ2 (P31)
IRQ0 (P32)
0
0
F
F
0
1
F
R
1
0
R
F
1
1
R/F
R/F
Notes:
F = Falling Edge
R = Rising Edge
*In stop mode, the comparators are turned off.
Clock
The Z86L88 on-chip oscillator has a high-gain, parallel-resonant amplifier for connection to a crystal, LC, ceramic resonator, or any suitable external clock source
(XTAL1 = Input; XTAL2 = Output). The crystal must be AT cut, 1 MHz to 8 MHz
maximum, with a series resistance (RS) less than or equal to 100 Ohms. The
Z86L88 on-chip oscillator can be driven with a low-cost RC network or other suitable external clock source.
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For 32-kHz crystal operation, an external feedback resistor (Rf) and a serial resistor (Rd) are required. See Figure 44.
XTAL1
XTAL1
XTAL1
C1
C1
C1
L
XTAL2
C2
R
XTAL2
XTAL2
C2
Ceramic Resonator or Crystal
C1, C2 = 47pF TYP*
f = 8 MHz
C1
Rf
C2
LC
C1, C2 = 22 pF
RC
@ 3V VCC (TYP)
L = 130 H*
f = 3 MHz*
C1 = 33 pF*
R = 1K*
XTAL1
XTAL1
XTAL2
XTAL2
Rd
External Clock
32 kHz XTAL
C1 = 20 pF, C = 33 pF
Rd = 56–470K
Rf = 10M
Figure 44. Oscillator Configuration
The crystal needs to be connected across XTAL1 and XTAL2 using the recommended capacitors (capacitance greater than or equal to 22 pF) from each pin to
ground. The RC oscillator configuration is an external resistor connected from
XTAL1 to XTAL2, with a frequency-setting capacitor from XTAL1 to ground (see
Figure 44).
Power-On Reset (POR)
A timer circuit clocked by a dedicated on-board RC oscillator is used for the
Power-On Reset (POR) timer function. The POR time allows VCC and the oscillator circuit to stabilize before instruction execution begins.
The POR timer circuit is a one-shot timer triggered by one of three conditions:
•
•
•
19-4614; Rev 0; 4/09
Power Fail to Power OK status including Waking up from VBO Standby
Stop-Mode Recovery (if D5 of SMR = 1)
WDT Time-Out
Z86L88
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58
The POR time is a nominal 5 ms. Bit 5 of the Stop-Mode Register determines
whether the POR timer is bypassed after Stop-Mode Recovery (typical for external
clock, RC, and LC oscillators).
HALT
HALT turns off the internal CPU clock, but not the XTAL oscillation. The counter/
timers and external interrupts IRQ0, IRQ1, IRQ2, IRQ3, and IRQ4 remain active.
The devices are recovered by interrupts, either externally or internally generated.
An interrupt request must be executed (enabled) to exit HALT Mode. After the
interrupt service routine, the program continues from the instruction after the
HALT.
STOP
This instruction turns off the internal clock and external crystal oscillation and
reduces the standby current to 10 A or less. STOP Mode is terminated only by a
reset (such as WDT time-out), POR, SMR, or external reset. This termination
causes the processor to restart the application program at address 000CH. To
enter STOP (or HALT) mode, you need to first flush the instruction pipeline to
avoid suspending execution in mid-instruction. To execute this action, you must
execute a NOP (op code = FFH) immediately before the appropriate sleep instruction. For example:
FF
6F
NOP
STOP
; clear the pipeline
; enter STOP Mode
FF
7F
NOP
HALT
; clear the pipeline
; enter HALT Mode
or
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Port Configuration Register (PCON)
The PCON register configures the comparator output on Port 3. It is located in the
expanded register 2 at Bank F, location 00, as shown in Figure 45.
PCON (FH) 00H
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
Comparator Output Port 3
0 P34, P37, Standard Output*
1 P34, P37, Comparator Output
Reserved (must be 1)
Port 0
0 = Open-drain
1 = Push-pull*
Reserved (must be 1)
*Default setting after reset
Figure 45. Port Configuration Register (PCON)—Write Only
Comparator Output Port 3 (D0)
Bit 0 controls the comparator used in Port 3. A 1 in this location brings the comparator outputs to P34 and P37, and a 0 releases the port to its standard (/O configuration.
Port 0 Output Mode (D2)
Bit 2 controls the output mode of Port 0. A 1 in this location set the output to pushpull, and a 0 sets the output to open-drain.
Stop-Mode Recovery Register (SMR)
This register selects the clock divide value and determines the mode of StopMode Recovery (Figure 46). All bits are write only except bit 7, which is read only.
Bit 7 is a flag bit that is hardware set on the condition of STOP recovery and reset
by a power-on cycle. Bit 6 controls whether a low level or a high level at the XORgate input is required from the recovery source. Bit 5 controls the reset delay after
recovery. Bits D2, D3, and D4, or the SMR register specify the source of the StopMode Recovery signal. Bit D0 determines if SCLK/TCLK (shown in Figure 47) are
divided by 16 or not. The SMR is located in Bank F of the Expanded Register
Group at address 0BH.
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SMR (0F) 0B
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
SCLK/TCLK Divide-by-16
0 = OFF
1 = ON
Reserved (must be 0)
Stop-Mode Recovery Source
000 = POR Only *
001 = Reserved
010 = P31
011 = P32
100 = P33
101 = P27
110 = P2 NOR 0–3
111 = P2 NOR 0–7
Stop Delay
0 = OFF
1 = ON *
Stop Recovery Level ***
0 = Low *
1 = High
Stop Delay
0 = POR *
1 = Stop Recovery **
* Default setting after reset
** Default setting after reset and Stop-Mode Recovery
*** At the XOR gate input
Figure 46. Stop-Mode Recovery Register
OSC
Divide
by 2
Divide
by 16
SCLK
SMR, D0 TCLK
Figure 47. SCLK Circuit
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SCLK/TCLK Divide-by-16 Select (D0)
D0 of the SMR controls a Divide-by-16 prescaler of SCLK/TCLK. The purpose of
this control is to selectively reduce device power consumption during normal processor execution (SCLK control) and/or HALT Mode (where TCLK sources interrupt logic). After Stop-Mode Recovery, this bit is set to a 0.
Stop-Mode Recovery Source (D2, D3, and D4)
These three bits of the SMR specify the wake-up source of the STOP recovery
(Figure 48 and Table 23 on page 63).
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SMR D4 D3 D2
0 0 0
VCC
SMR D4 D3 D2
0 0 0
VCC
SMR D4 D3 D2
0 1 0
P31
S1
SMR D4 D3 D2
0 0 1
P20
P23
SMR D4 D3 D2
0 1 0
SMR D4 D3 D2
0 1 1
P32
S2
P20
P27
SMR D4 D3 D2
0 1 1
SMR D4 D3 D2
1 0 0
P33
S3
To IRQ1
S4
SMR D4 D3 D2
1 0 1
P27
P20
SMR D4 D3 D2
1 1 0
P23
SMR D4 D3 D2
1 1 1
P20
P27
SMR D6
To RESET and WDT
Circuitry (Active Low)
Figure 48. Stop-Mode Recovery Source
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P31
P32
P33
SMR D4 D3 D2
1 0 0
P31
P32
P33
SMR D4 D3 D2
1 0 1
P31
P32
P33
P00
P07
SMR D4 D3 D2
1 1 0
P31
P32
P33
P00
P07
P31
P32
P33
P20
P21
P22
SMR D4 D3 D2
1 1 1
SMR2 D6
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Table 23. Stop-Mode Recovery Source
SMR:432
Operation
D4
D3
D2
Description of Action
0
0
0
POR and/or external reset recovery
0
0
1
Reserved
0
1
0
P31 transition
0
1
1
P32 transition
1
0
0
P33 transition
1
0
1
P27 transition
1
1
0
Logical NOR of P20 through P23
1
1
1
Logical NOR of P20 through P27
Note: Any Port 2 bit defined as an output drives the corresponding
input to the default state to allow the remaining inputs to control
the AND/OR function. Refer to “Stop-Mode Recovery Register
2 (SMR2)” on page 64 for other recover sources.
Stop-Mode Recovery Delay Select (D5)
This bit, if low, disables the 5-ms RESET delay after Stop-Mode Recovery. The
default configuration of this bit is 1. If the “fast” wake up is selected, the StopMode Recovery source must be kept active for at least 5TpC.
Stop-Mode Recovery Edge Select (D6)
A 1 in this bit position indicates that a High level on any one of the recovery
sources wakes the Z86L88 from STOP Mode. A 0 indicates Low level recovery.
The default is 0 on POR.
Cold or Warm Start (D7)
This bit is read only. It is set to 1 when the device is recovered from Stop Mode.
The bit is set to 0 when the device is reset other than Stop-Mode Recovery
(SMR).
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Stop-Mode Recovery Register 2 (SMR2)
This register determines the mode of Stop-Mode Recovery for SMR2 (see
Figure 49).
SMR2 (0F) DH
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
Reserved (must be 0)
Reserved (must be 0)
Stop-Mode Recovery Source 2
000 = POR Only *
001 = NAND P20, P21, P22, P23
010 = NAND P20, P21, P22, P33, P24, P25, P26, P27
011 = NOR P31, P32, P33
100 = NAND P31, P32, P33
101 = NOR P31, P32, P33, P00, P07
110 = NAND P31, P32, P33, P00, P07
111 = NAND P31, P32, P33, P20, P21, P22
Reserved (must be 0)
Recovery Level **
0 = Low *
1 = High
Reserved (must be 0)
* Default setting after reset
** At the XOR gate input
Note: If used in conjunction with SMR,
either of the two specified events
causes a Stop-Mode Recovery.
Figure 49. Stop-Mode Recovery Register 2—(0F) DH:D2–D4, D6 Write Only
If SMR2 is used in conjunction with SMR, either of the specified events causes a
Stop-Mode Recovery.
Note: Port pins configured as outputs are ignored as a SMR or SMR2
recovery source. For example, if the NAND or P23–P20 is
selected as the recovery source and P20 is configured as an
output, the remaining SMR pins (P23–P21) form the NAND
equation.
Table 24 describes the contents of the Stop-Mode Recovery register 2.
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Table 24. SMR2(F)0Dh: Stop-Mode Recovery Register 2
Field
Bit Position
Value
Description
Reserved
7-------
0
Reserved (Must be 0)
Recovery Level
-6------
0*
1
Low
High
Reserved
--5-----
0
Reserved (Must be 0)
Source
---432--
000*
001
010
011
100
101
110
111
A. POR Only
B. NAND of P23–P20
C. NAND or P27–P20
D. NOR of P33–P31
E. NAND of P33–P31
F. NOR of P33–P31, P00, P07
G. NAND of P33–P31, P00, P07
H. NAND of P33–P31, P22–P20
Reserved
------10
00
Reserved (Must be 0)
W
W
Notes:
*Indicates the value upon Power-On Reset
Port pins configured as outputs are ignored as a SMR recovery source.
Watch-Dog Timer Mode Register (WDTMR)
The WDT is a retriggerable, one-shot timer that resets the Z8 if it reaches its terminal count. The WDT must initially be enabled by executing the WDT instruction
and refreshed on subsequent executions of the WDT instruction. The WDT circuit
is driven by an on-board RC oscillator or external oscillator from the XTAL1 pin.
The WDT instruction affects the Zero (Z), Sign (S), and Overflow (V) flags.
The POR clock source is selected with bit 4 of the WDT register. Bits 0 and 1 control a tap circuit that determines the minimum time-out period. Bit 2 determines
whether the WDT is active during HALT, and Bit 3 determines WDT activity during
STOP. Bits 5 through 7 are reserved (Figure 50). This register is accessible only
during the first 61 processor cycles (122 XTAL clocks) from the execution of the
first instruction after Power-On-Reset, Watch-Dog Reset, or a Stop-Mode Recovery (Figure 50). After this point, the register cannot be modified by any means,
intentional or otherwise. The WDTMR cannot be read. The register is located in
Bank F of the Expanded Register Group at address location 0FH. The WDTMR is
organized as shown in Figure 50.
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WDTMR (0F) 0F
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
WDT TAP INT RC OSC
00 = 7.5 ms min
01* = 7.5 ms min
10 = 15 ms min
11 = 60 ms min
WDT during HALT
0 = OFF
1 = ON*
WDT during STOP
0 = OFF
1 = ON*
Reserved (must be 0)
* Default setting after reset
Figure 50. Watch-Dog Timer Mode Register—Write Only
WDT Time Select (D0, D1)
This bit selects the WDT time period. It is configured as indicated in Table 25.
Table 25. WDT Time Select*
D1
D0
Time-Out of Internal RC OSC
0
0
7.5 ms min
0
1
7.5 ms min
1
0
15 ms min
1
1
60 ms min
Notes:
*TpC = XTAL clock cycle.
The default on reset is 10 ms.
WDTMR During HALT (D2)
This bit determines whether or not the WDT is active during HALT Mode. A 1 indicates active during HALT. The default is 1.
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WDTMR During STOP (D3)
This bit determines whether or not the WDT is active during STOP Mode. Since
the XTAL clock is stopped during STOP Mode, the on-board RC has to be
selected as the clock source to the WDT/POR counter. A 1 indicates active during
STOP. The default is 1.
Clock Source for WDT (D4)
This bit determines which oscillator source is used to clock the internal POR and
WDT counter chain. If the bit is a 1, the internal RC oscillator is bypassed, and the
POR and WDT clock source is driven from the external pin, XTAL1. The default
configuration of this bit is 0, which selects the RC oscillator. See Figure 51.
5 Clock
Filter
*CLR2
CLK
18 Clock Reset
Generator
Reset
Internal
Reset
Active
High
WDT
TAP SELECT
Ck source
Select
(WDTMR)
XTAL
Internal
RD OSC.
VDD
VBO/VLV
2V Ref.
+
–
M
U
X
POR 7.5 ms 7.5 ms
15 ms 60 ms
CLK WDT/POR Counter Chain
*CLR1
Low Operating
Voltage Det.
VCC
WDT
12 ns Glitch Filter
From Stop Mode
Recovery Source
Stop Delay
Select (SMR)
*CLR1 and CLR2 enable the WDT/POR and
18 Clock Reset timers upon a Low-to-High input translation.
Figure 51. Resets and WDT
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Low-Voltage IR Microcontroller
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Mask Selectable Options
There are seven Mask Selectable Options to choose from based on ROM code
requirements. These are listed in Table 26.
Table 26. Mask Selectable Options
RC/Other
RC/XTAL
32 kHz XTAL
On/Off
Port 0: 0–3 pull-ups
On/Off
Port 0: 4–7 pull-ups
On/Off
Port 2: 2–7 pull-ups
On/Off
Port 3: pull-ups
On/Off
Port 0: 0–3 Mouse Mode 0.4 VDD Trip
On/Off
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Low-Voltage IR Microcontroller
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Ordering Information
Figure 52 shows the 28-pin SOIC package diagram. Figure 53 shows the 28-pin
DIP package diagram. Figure 54 shows the 28-pin SSOP package diagram.
Figure 52. 28-Pin SOIC Package Diagram
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Low-Voltage IR Microcontroller
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Figure 53. 28-Pin DIP Package Diagram
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Low-Voltage IR Microcontroller
71
Figure 54. 28-Pin SSOP Package Diagram
Z86L88
8.0 MHz 28-Pin DIP
Z86L8808PSC
Z86L8808PSG
28-Pin SOIC
Z86L8808SSC
Z86L8808SSG
Note: For the die form, please contact Maxim.
For fast results, contact your local Maxim sales office for assistance in ordering
the part desired.
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Low-Voltage IR Microcontroller
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Codes
Figure 55 shows an example of what the ordering codes represent.
Example:
Z
86L88 08 P
S
C
is a Z86L88, 8 MHz, DIP, 0 °C to 70 °C, Plastic Standard Flow
Environmental Flow
Temperature
Package
Speed
Product Number
Maxim Prefix
Figure 55. Ordering Codes Example
Package
P = Plastic DIP
S = SOIC (Small Outline Integrated Circuit)
Temperature
S = 0 °C to +70 °C
Speed
8 = 8.0 MHz
Environmental
C = Plastic Standard
G = Lead free
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Low-Voltage IR Microcontroller
73
Customer Feedback
For any comments, detail technical questions, or reporting problems, please visit Maxim’s
Technical Support at https://support.maxim-ic.com/micro.
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