AD AD9397KSTZ-100

DVI Display Interface
AD9397
FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM
FEATURES
SCL
SDA
SERIAL REGISTER
AND
POWER MANAGEMENT
R/G/B 8 × 3
DIGITAL INTERFACE
R/G/B 8 × 3
OR YCbCr
Rx0+
Rx0–
2
Rx1+
HSYNC
Rx1–
Rx2+
DATACK
DE
DVI RECEIVER
RGB ↔YCbCr MATRIX
DVI interface
Supports high-bandwidth digital content protection
RGB to YCbCr 2-way color conversion
1.8 V/3.3 V power supply
100-lead, Pb-free LQFP
RGB and YCbCr output formats
Digital video interface
DVI 1.0
150 MHz DVI receiver
Supports high-bandwidth digital content protection
(HDCP 1.1)
2
DATACK
HSOUT
VSOUT
SOGOUT
VSYNC
Rx2–
APPLICATIONS
YCbCr (4:2:2
OR 4:4:4)
DE
RxC+
RxC–
RTERM
DDCSCL
DDCSDA
MCL
HDCP
MDA
AD9397
05691-001
Advanced TVs
HDTVs
Projectors
LCD monitors
Figure 1.
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
The AD9397 is a digital visual interface (DVI) receiver
integrated on a single chip. Also included is support for high
bandwidth digital content protection (HDCP) with internal key
storage.
video content. The AD9397 allows for authentication of a video
receiver, decryption of encoded data at the receiver, and
renewability of that authentication during transmission as
specified by the HDCP 1.1 protocol.
The AD9397 contains a DVI 1.0-compatible receiver and
supports all HDTV formats (up to 1080p and 720p) and display
resolutions up to SXGA (1280 × 1024 @ 80 Hz). The receiver
features an intrapair skew tolerance of up to one full clock cycle.
With the inclusion of HDCP, displays can receive encrypted
Fabricated in an advanced CMOS process, the AD9397 is
provided in a space-saving, 100-lead, surface-mount, Pb-free
plastic LQFP and is specified over the 0°C to 70°C temperature
range.
Rev. 0
Information furnished by Analog Devices is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no
responsibility is assumed by Analog Devices for its use, nor for any infringements of patents or other
rights of third parties that may result from its use. Specifications subject to change without notice. No
license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Analog Devices.
Trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners.
One Technology Way, P.O. Box 9106, Norwood, MA 02062-9106, U.S.A.
Tel: 781.329.4700
www.analog.com
Fax: 781.461.3113
© 2005 Analog Devices, Inc. All rights reserved.
AD9397
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Features .............................................................................................. 1
DVI Receiver............................................................................... 11
Applications....................................................................................... 1
DE Generator.............................................................................. 11
Functional Block Diagram .............................................................. 1
4:4:4 to 4:2:2 Filter ...................................................................... 12
General Description ......................................................................... 1
Output Data Formats................................................................. 12
Revision History ............................................................................... 2
2-Wire Serial Register Map ........................................................... 13
Specifications..................................................................................... 3
2-Wire Serial Control Register Details ........................................ 18
Electrical Characteristics............................................................. 3
Chip Identification ..................................................................... 18
Digital Interface Electrical Characteristics ............................... 4
BT656 Generation ...................................................................... 20
Absolute Maximum Ratings............................................................ 6
Macrovision................................................................................. 21
Explanation of Test Levels ........................................................... 6
Color Space Conversion ............................................................ 21
ESD Caution.................................................................................. 6
2-Wire Serial Control Port ............................................................ 23
Pin Configuration and Function Descriptions............................. 7
Data Transfer via Serial Interface............................................. 23
Design Guide................................................................................... 10
Serial Interface Read/Write Examples ..................................... 24
General Description................................................................... 10
PCB Layout Recommendations.................................................... 25
Digital Inputs .............................................................................. 10
Power Supply Bypassing ............................................................ 25
Serial Control Port ..................................................................... 10
Outputs (Both Data and Clocks).............................................. 25
Output Signal Handling............................................................. 10
Digital Inputs .............................................................................. 25
Power Management.................................................................... 10
Color Space Converter (CSC) Common Settings...................... 26
Timing.............................................................................................. 11
Outline Dimensions ....................................................................... 28
HSYNC Timing .......................................................................... 11
Ordering Guide .......................................................................... 28
VSYNC Filter and Odd/Even Fields ........................................ 11
REVISION HISTORY
10/05—Revision 0: Initial Version
Rev. 0 | Page 2 of 28
AD9397
SPECIFICATIONS
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
VDD, VD = 3.3 V, DVDD = PVDD = 1.8 V, ADC clock = maximum.
Table 1.
Parameter
RESOLUTION
Data-to-Clock Skew
Serial Port Timing
tBUFF
tSTAH
tDHO
tDAL
tDAH
tDSU
tSTASU
tSTOSU
DIGITAL INPUTS (5 V TOLERANT)
Input Voltage, High (VIH)
Input Voltage, Low (VIL)
Input Current, High (IIH)
Input Current, Low (IIL)
Input Capacitance
DIGITAL OUTPUTS
Output Voltage, High (VOH)
Output Voltage, Low (VOL)
Duty Cycle, DATACK
Output Coding
POWER SUPPLY
VD Supply Voltage
DVDD Supply Voltage
VDD Supply Voltage
PVDD Supply Voltage
ID Supply Current (VD)
IDVDD Supply Current (DVDD)
IDD Supply Current (VDD) 1
IPVDD Supply Current (PVDD)
Total Power
Power-Down Dissipation
THERMAL CHARACTERISTICS
θJA Junction to Ambient
Min
Min
IV
AD9397KSTZ-100
Typ
Max
8
−0.5
+2.0
AD9397KSTZ-150
Typ
Max
8
−0.5
+2.0
Unit
Bits
ns
Full
Full
Full
Full
Full
Full
Full
Full
VI
VI
VI
VI
VI
VI
VI
VI
4.7
4.0
0
4.7
4.0
250
4.7
4.0
4.7
4.0
0
4.7
4.0
250
4.7
4.0
μs
μs
μs
μs
μs
ns
μs
μs
Full
Full
Full
Full
25°C
VI
VI
V
V
V
2.6
Full
Full
Full
VI
VI
V
VDD − 0.1
45
50
Binary
Full
Full
Full
Full
25°C
25°C
25°C
25°C
Full
Full
IV
IV
IV
IV
VI
VI
VI
VI
VI
VI
3.15
1.7
1.7
1.7
3.3
1.8
3.3
1.8
260
45
37
10
1.1
130
Temp
Test Level
Full
2.6
0.8
0.8
−82
82
3
V
VDD − 0.1
35
1
DATACK load = 15 pF, data load = 5 pF.
2
Specified current and power values with a worst-case pattern (on/off).
Rev. 0 | Page 3 of 28
−82
82
3
0.4
55
3.47
1.9
3.47
1.9
300
60
100 2
15
1.4
45
50
Binary
3.15
1.7
1.7
1.7
3.3
1.8
3.3
1.8
1.15
130
35
0.4
55
3.47
1.9
3.47
1.9
330
85
1302
20
1.4
V
V
μA
μA
pF
V
V
%
V
V
V
V
mA
mA
mA
mA
W
mW
°C/W
AD9397
DIGITAL INTERFACE ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
VDD = VD = 3.3 V, DVDD = PVDD = 1.8 V, ADC clock = maximum.
Table 2.
Parameter
RESOLUTION
DC DIGITAL I/O SPECIFICATIONS
High Level Input Voltage, (VIH)
Low Level Input Voltage, (VIL)
High Level Output Voltage, (VOH)
Low Level Output Voltage, (VOL)
DC SPECIFICATIONS
Output High Level
IOHD, (VOUT = VOH)
Output Low Level
IOLD, (VOUT = VOL)
DATACK High Level
VOHC, (VOUT = VOH)
DATACK Low Level
VOLC, (VOUT = VOL)
Differential Input Voltage, Single-Ended
Amplitude
POWER SUPPLY
VD Supply Voltage
VDD Supply Voltage
DVDD Supply Voltage
PVDD Supply Voltage
IVD Supply Current (Typical Pattern) 1
IVDD Supply Current (Typical Pattern) 2
IDVDD Supply Current (Typical Pattern)1, 4
IPVDD Supply Current (Typical Pattern)1
Power-Down Supply Current (IPD)
Test
Level
Conditions
VI
VI
VI
VI
IV
IV
IV
IV
IV
IV
IV
IV
IV
AD9397KSTZ-100
Min
Typ
Max
8
AD9397KSTZ-150
Min Typ
Max
8
2.5
2.5
VDD − 0.1
VDD − 0.1
Output drive = high
Output drive = low
Output drive = high
Output drive = low
Output drive = high
Output drive = low
Output drive = high
Output drive = low
IV
IV
IV
IV
V
V
V
V
VI
3.15
1.7
1.7
1.7
Rev. 0 | Page 4 of 28
0.8
0.8
0.1
0.1
V
V
V
V
700
mA
mA
mA
mA
mA
mA
mA
mA
mV
36
24
12
8
40
20
30
15
75
3.3
3.3
1.8
1.8
80
40
88
26
130
Unit
Bit
36
24
12
8
40
20
30
15
700
75
3.47
347
1.9
1.9
100
100 3
110
35
3.15
1.7
1.7
1.7
3.3
3.3
1.8
1.8
80
55
110
30
130
3.47
347
1.9
1.9
110
1753
145
40
V
V
V
V
mA
mA
mA
mA
mA
AD9397
Parameter
AC SPECIFICATIONS
Intrapair (+ to −) Differential Input Skew
(TDPS)
Channel to Channel Differential Input
Skew (TCCS)
Low-to-High Transition Time for Data
and Controls (DLHT)
Test
Level
IV
6
900
Clock
Period
ps
1300
ps
650
ps
1200
ps
850
ps
1250
ps
800
ps
1200
ps
+2.0
55
150
ns
%
MHz
IV
IV
IV
IV
IV
Clock to Data Skew 5 (TSKEW)
Duty Cycle, DATACK5
DATACK Frequency (FCIP)
Unit
ps
IV
High-to-Low Transition Time for DATACK
(DHLT)
AD9397KSTZ-150
Min Typ
Max
360
IV
High-to-Low Transition Time for Data
and Controls (DHLT)
AD9397KSTZ-100
Min
Typ
Max
IV
IV
Low-to-High Transition Time for DATACK
(DLHT)
Conditions
Output drive = high;
CL = 10 pF
Output drive = low;
CL = 5 pF
Output drive = high;
CL = 10 pF
Output drive = low;
CL = 5 pF
Output drive = high;
CL = 10 pF
Output drive = low;
CL = 5 pF
Output drive = high;
CL = 10 pF
Output drive = low;
CL = 5 pF
IV
IV
VI
−0.5
45
20
1
+2.0
50
The typical pattern contains a gray scale area, output drive = high. Worst-case pattern is alternating black and white pixels.
The typical pattern contains a gray scale area, output drive = high.
Specified current and power values with a worst-case pattern (on/off).
4
DATACK load = 10 pF, data load = 5 pF.
5
Drive strength = high.
2
3
Rev. 0 | Page 5 of 28
−0.5
AD9397
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
Table 3.
Parameter
VD
VDD
DVDD
PVDD
Analog Inputs
Digital Inputs
Digital Output Current
Operating Temperature Range
Storage Temperature Range
Maximum Junction Temperature
Maximum Case Temperature
Rating
3.6 V
3.6 V
1.98 V
1.98 V
VD to 0.0 V
5 V to 0.0 V
20 mA
−25°C to + 85°C
−65°C to + 150°C
150°C
150°C
Stresses above those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings
may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress
rating only; functional operation of the device at these or any
other conditions above those indicated in the operational
section of this specification is not implied. Exposure to absolute
maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect
device reliability.
EXPLANATION OF TEST LEVELS
Table 4.
Level
I
II
III
IV
V
VI
Test
100% production tested.
100% production tested at 25°C and sample tested at
specified temperatures.
Sample tested only.
Parameter is guaranteed by design and
characterization testing.
Parameter is a typical value only.
100% production tested at 25°C; guaranteed by design
and characterization testing.
ESD CAUTION
ESD (electrostatic discharge) sensitive device. Electrostatic charges as high as 4000 V readily accumulate on
the human body and test equipment and can discharge without detection. Although this product features
proprietary ESD protection circuitry, permanent damage may occur on devices subjected to high energy
electrostatic discharges. Therefore, proper ESD precautions are recommended to avoid performance
degradation or loss of functionality.
Rev. 0 | Page 6 of 28
AD9397
VDD
RED 0
RED 1
RED 2
RED 3
RED 4
RED 5
RED 6
RED 7
GND
VDD
DATACK
DE
HSOUT
NC
VSOUT
FIELD
SDA
SCL
PWRDN
VD
NC
GND
NC
VD
100
99
98
97
96
95
94
93
92
91
90
89
88
87
86
85
84
83
82
81
80
79
78
77
76
PIN CONFIGURATION AND FUNCTION DESCRIPTIONS
GND
74
NC
3
73
NC
GREEN 5
4
72
VD
GREEN 4
5
71
NC
GREEN 3
6
70
NC
GREEN 2
7
69
GND
GREEN 1
8
68
NC
GREEN 0
9
67
VD
VDD
10
AD9397
66
NC
GND
11
65
GND
BLUE 7
12
TOP VIEW
(Not to Scale)
64
NC
BLUE 6
13
63
NC
BLUE 5
14
62
NC
BLUE 4
15
61
NC
BLUE 3
16
60
NC
BLUE 2
17
59
PVDD
BLUE 1
18
58
GND
BLUE 0
19
57
NC
NC
20
56
PVDD
NC
21
55
GND
NC
22
54
PVDD
NC
23
53
GND
CTL3
24
52
MDA
CTL2
25
51
MCL
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
GND
Rx2–
Rx2+
GND
RxC+
RxC–
VD
RTERM
GND
DVDD
DDCSCL
DDCSDA
37
Rx1–
38
36
GND
Rx1+
35
32
DVDD
Rx0+
31
GND
34
30
DVDD
Rx0–
29
GND
33
28
NC
VD
27
NC = NO CONNECT
26
GREEN 6
PIN 1
CTL0
2
CTL1
1
05691-002
75
GND
GREEN 7
Figure 2. Pin Configuration
Table 5. Complete Pinout List
Pin Type
INPUTS
DIGITAL VIDEO DATA INPUTS
DIGITAL VIDEO CLOCK INPUTS
OUTPUTS
Pin No.
81
35
34
38
37
41
40
43
44
92 to 99
2 to 9
12 to 19
89
87
85
84
27, 26, 25, 24
Mnemonic
PWRDN
Rx0+
Rx0−
Rx1+
Rx1−
Rx2+
Rx2−
RxC+
RxC−
RED [7:0]
GREEN [7:0]
BLUE [7:0]
DATACK
HSOUT
VSOUT
O/E FIELD
CTL(0 to 3)
Function
Power-Down Control
Digital Input Channel 0 True
Digital Input Channel 0 Complement
Digital Input Channel 1 True
Digital Input Channel 1 Complement
Digital Input Channel 2 True
Digital Input Channel 2 Complement
Digital Data Clock True
Digital Data Clock Complement
Outputs of Red Converter, Bit 7 is MSB
Outputs of Green Converter, Bit 7 is MSB
Outputs of Blue Converter, Bit 7 is MSB
Data Output Clock
HSYNC Output Clock (Phase-Aligned with DATACK)
VSYNC Output Clock (Phase-Aligned with DATACK)
Odd/Even Field Output
Control 0, 1, 2, 3
Rev. 0 | Page 7 of 28
Value
3.3 V CMOS
TMDS
TMDS
TMDS
TMDS
TMDS
TMDS
TMDS
TMDS
VDD
VDD
VDD
VDD
VDD
VDD
VDD
VDD
AD9397
Pin Type
POWER SUPPLY
CONTROL
HDCP
DATA ENABLE
RTERM
Pin No.
80, 76, 72, 67,
45, 33
100, 90, 10
59, 56, 54
48, 32, 30
83
82
49
50
51
52
88
46
Mnemonic
VD
Function
Analog Power Supply and DVI Terminators
Value
3.3 V
VDD
PVDD
DVDD
GND
SDA
SCL
DDCSCL
DDCSDA
MCL
MDA
DE
RTERM
Output Power Supply
PLL Power Supply
Digital Logic Power Supply
Ground
Serial Port Data I/O
Serial Port Data Clock
HDCP Slave Serial Port Data Clock
HDCP Slave Serial Port Data I/O
HDCP Master Serial Port Data Clock
HDCP Master Serial Port Data I/O
Data Enable
Sets Internal Termination Resistance
1.8 V to 3.3 V
1.8 V
1.8 V
0V
3.3 V CMOS
3.3 V CMOS
3.3 V CMOS
3.3 V CMOS
3.3 V CMOS
3.3 V CMOS
3.3 V CMOS
500 Ω
Table 6. Pin Function Descriptions
Pin
INPUTS
Rx0+
Rx0−
Rx1+
Rx1−
Rx2+
Rx2−
RxC+
RxC−
PWRDN
RTERM
OUTPUTS
HSOUT
VSOUT
FIELD
DE
CTL(3-0)
SERIAL PORT
SDA
SCL
DDCSDA
DDCSCL
MDA
MCL
Description
Digital Input Channel 0 True.
Digital Input Channel 0 Complement.
Digital Input Channel 1 True.
Digital Input Channel 1 Complement.
Digital Input Channel 2 True.
Digital input Channel 2 Complement.
These six pins receive three pairs of transition minimized differential signaling (TMDS ) pixel data
(at 10× the pixel rate) from a digital graphics transmitter.
Digital Data Clock True.
Digital Data Clock Complement.
This clock pair receives a TMDS clock at 1× pixel data rate.
Power-Down Control/Three-State Control.
The function of this pin is programmable via Register 0x26 [2:1].
RTERM is the termination resistor used to drive the AD9397 internally to a precise 50 Ω termination for
TMDS lines. This should be a 500 Ω 1% tolerance resistor.
Horizontal Sync Output.
A reconstructed and phase-aligned version of the HSYNC input. Both the polarity and duration of this
output can be programmed via serial bus registers. By maintaining alignment with DATACK and Data,
data timing with respect to horizontal sync can always be determined.
Vertical Sync Output.
The separated VSYNC from a composite signal or a direct pass through of the VSYNC signal. The polarity
of this output can be controlled via the serial bus bit (Register 0x24 [6]).
Odd/Even Field Bit for Interlaced Video. This output identifies whether the current field (in an interlaced
signal) is odd or even. The polarity of this signal is programmable via Register 0x24[4].
Data Enable that defines valid video. Can be received in the signal or generated by the AD9397.
Control 3, Control 2, Control 1, and Control 0 are output from the DVI stream. Refer to the DVI 1.0
specification for explanation.
Serial Port Data I/O for Programming AD9397 Registers—I2C Address is 0x98.
Serial Port Data Clock for Programming AD9397 Registers.
Serial Port Data I/O for HDCP Communications to Transmitter—I2C Address is 0x74 or 0x76.
Serial Port Data Clock for HDCP Communications to Transmitter.
Serial Port Data I/O to EEPROM with HDCP Keys—I2C Address is 0xA0.
Serial Port Data Clock to EEPROM with HDCP Keys.
Rev. 0 | Page 8 of 28
AD9397
Pin
DATA OUTPUTS
RED [7:0]
GREEN [7:0]
BLUE [7:0]
DATA CLOCK OUTPUT
DATACK
POWER SUPPLY 1
VD (3.3 V)
VDD (1.8 V to 3.3 V)
PVDD (1.8 V)
DVDD (1.8 V)
GND
1
Description
Data Output, Red Channel.
Data Output, Green Channel.
Data Output, Blue Channel.
The main data outputs. Bit 7 is the MSB. The delay from pixel sampling time to output is fixed, but is
different if the color space converter is used. When the sampling time is changed by adjusting the phase
register, the output timing is shifted as well. The DATACK and HSOUT outputs are also moved, so the
timing relationship among the signals is maintained.
Data Clock Output.
This is the main clock output signal used to strobe the output data and HSOUT into external logic. Four
possible output clocks can be selected with Register 0x25 [7:6]. These are related to the pixel clock (1/2×
pixel clock, 1× pixel clock, 2× frequency pixel clock, and a 90° phase shifted pixel clock). They are
produced either by the internal PLL clock generator or EXTCLK and are synchronous with the pixel
sampling clock. The polarity of DATACK can also be inverted via Register 0x24 [0]. The sampling time of
the internal pixel clock can be changed by adjusting the phase register. When this is changed, the pixelrelated DATACK timing is shifted as well. The DATA, DATACK, and HSOUT outputs are all moved, so the
timing relationship among the signals is maintained.
Analog Power Supply.
These pins supply power to the ADCs and terminators. They should be as quiet and filtered as possible.
Digital Output Power Supply.
A large number of output pins (up to 27) switching at high speed (up to 150 MHz) generates many power
supply transients (noise). These supply pins are identified separately from the VD pins, so output noise
transferred into the sensitive analog circuitry can be minimized. If the AD9397 is interfacing with lower
voltage logic, VDD may be connected to a lower supply voltage (as low as 1.8 V) for compatibility.
Clock Generator Power Supply.
The most sensitive portion of the AD9397 is the clock generation circuitry. These pins provide power to
the clock PLL and help the user design for optimal performance. The designer should provide quiet,
noise-free power to these pins.
Digital Input Power Supply.
This supplies power to the digital logic.
Ground.
The ground return for all circuitry on chip. It is recommended that the AD9397 be assembled on a single
solid ground plane, with careful attention to ground current paths.
The supplies should be sequenced such that VD and VDD are never less than 300 mV below DVDD. At no time should DVDD be more than 300 mV greater than VD or VDD.
Rev. 0 | Page 9 of 28
AD9397
DESIGN GUIDE
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
SERIAL CONTROL PORT
The AD9397 is a fully integrated digital visual interface (DVI )
for receiving RGB or YUV signals for display on flat panel
monitors, projectors or PDPs. This interface is capable of
decoding HDCP-encrypted signals through connection to an
external EEPROM. The circuit is ideal for providing an
interface for HDTV monitors or as the front-end to high
performance video scan converters.
The serial control port is designed for 3.3 V logic. However, it is
tolerant of 5 V logic signals.
Implemented in a high performance CMOS process, the
interface can capture signals with pixel rates of up to 150 MHz.
The AD9397 includes all necessary input buffering, signal dc
restoration (clamping), offset and gain (brightness and contrast)
adjustment, pixel clock generation, sampling phase control, and
output data formatting. Included in the output formatting is a
color space converter (CSC), which accommodates any input
color space and can output any color space. All controls are
programmable via a 2-wire serial interface. Full integration of
these sensitive analog functions makes system design straightforward and less sensitive to the physical and electrical
environments.
DIGITAL INPUTS
All digital control inputs (HSYNC, VSYNC, I2C) on the
AD9397 operate to 3.3 V CMOS levels. In addition, all digital
inputs except the TMDS (DVI) inputs are 5 V tolerant.
(Applying 5 V to them does not cause any damage.) TMDS
inputs (Rx0+/Rx0–, Rx1+/Rx1–, Rx2+/Rx2–, and RxC+/RxC–)
must maintain a 100 Ω differential impedance (through proper
PCB layout) from the connector to the input where they are
internally terminated (50 Ω to 3.3 V). If additional ESD
protection is desired, use of a California Micro Devices (CMD)
CM1213 (among others) series low capacitance ESD protection
offers 8 kV of protection to the HDMI TMDS lines.
OUTPUT SIGNAL HANDLING
The digital outputs operate from 1.8 V to 3.3 V (VDD).
POWER MANAGEMENT
The AD9397 uses the activity detect circuits, the active interface
bits in the serial bus, the active interface override bits, the
power-down bit, and the power-down pin to determine the
correct power state. There are four power states: full-power,
seek mode, auto power-down, and power-down. Table 7
summarizes how the AD9397 determines which power mode to
be in and which circuitry is powered on/off in each of these
modes. The power-down command has priority and then the
automatic circuitry. The power-down pin (Pin 81—polarity set
by Register 0x26[3]) can drive the chip into four power-down
options. Bit 2 and Bit 1 of Register 0x26 control these four
options. Bit 0 controls whether the chip is powered down or the
outputs are placed in high impedance mode (with the exception
of SOG). Bit 7 to Bit 4 of Register 0x26 control whether the
outputs, SOG, Sony Philips digital interface (S/PDIF), or InterIC sound bus (I2S or IIS) outputs are in high impedance mode
or not. See the 2-Wire Serial Control Register Detail section for
more details.
Table 7. Power-Down Mode Descriptions
Mode
Full Power
Seek Mode
Seek Mode
Power-Down
1
2
3
Power-Down 1
1
1
1
0
Inputs
Sync Detect 2
1
0
0
X
Auto PD Enable 3
X
0
1
Power-On or Comments
Everything
Everything
Serial bus, sync activity detect, SOG, band gap reference
Serial bus, sync activity detect, SOG, band gap reference
Power-down is controlled via Bit 0 in Serial Bus Register 0x26.
Sync detect is determined by OR’ing Bit 7 to Bit 2 in Serial Bus Register 0x15.
Auto power-down is controlled via Bit 7 in Serial Bus Register 0x27.
Rev. 0 | Page 10 of 28
AD9397
TIMING
SYNC SEPARATOR THRESHOLD
The output data clock signal is created so that its rising edge
always occurs between data transitions and can be used to latch
the output data externally.
FIELD 1
QUADRANT
Figure 3 shows the timing operation of the AD9397.
2
3
FIELD 0
4
1
FIELD 1
2
3
FIELD 0
4
1
HSIN
tPER
VSIN
tDCYCLE
DATACK
05691-004
VSOUT
O/E FIELD
EVEN FIELD
Figure 4. VSYNC Filter
tSKEW
05691-003
DATA
HSOUT
SYNC SEPARATOR THRESHOLD
Figure 3. Output Timing
FIELD 1
HSYNC TIMING
QUADRANT
2
3
FIELD 0
4
1
FIELD 1
2
3
FIELD 0
4
1
HSIN
Horizontal sync (HSYNC) is processed in the AD9397 to
eliminate ambiguity in the timing of the leading edge with
respect to the phase-delayed pixel clock and data.
VSIN
The HSYNC input is used as a reference to generate the pixel
sampling clock. The sampling phase can be adjusted, with
respect to HSYNC, through a full 360° in 32 steps via the phase
adjust register (to optimize the pixel sampling time). Display
systems use HSYNC to align memory and display write cycles,
so it is important to have a stable timing relationship between
the HSYNC output (HSOUT) and data clock (DATACK).
VSYNC FILTER AND ODD/EVEN FIELDS
The VSYNC filter is used to eliminate spurious VSYNCs,
maintain a consistent timing relationship between the VSYNC
and HSYNC output signals, and generate the odd/even field
output.
The filter works by examining the placement of VSYNC
with respect to HSYNC and, if necessary, slightly shifting
it in time at the VSOUT output. The goal is to keep the
VSYNC and HSYNC leading edges from switching at the
same time, eliminating confusion as to when the first line
of a frame occurs. Enabling the VSYNC filter is done with
Register 0x21[5]. Use of the VSYNC filter is recommended for
all cases, including interlaced video, and is required when using
the HSYNC per VSYNC counter. Figure 4 and Figure 5
illustrate even/odd field determination in two situations.
O/E FIELD
ODD FIELD
05691-005
VSOUT
Figure 5. VSYNC Filter—Odd/Even
DVI RECEIVER
The DVI receiver section of the AD9397 allows the reception of
a digital video stream compatible with DVI 1.0. Embedded in
this data stream are HSYNCs, VSYNCs, and display enable
(DE) signals. DVI restricts the received format to RGB, but the
inclusion of a programmable color space converter (CSC)
allows the output to be tailored to any format necessary. With
this, the scaler following the AD9397 can specify that it always
wishes to receive a particular format—for instance, 4:2:2
YCrCb—regardless of the transmitted mode. If RGB is sent, the
CSC can easily convert that to 4:2:2 YCrCb while relieving the
scaler of this task.
DE GENERATOR
The AD9397 has an onboard generator for DE, for start of
active video (SAV), and for end of active video (EAV), all of
which are necessary for describing the complete data stream for
a BT656-compatible output. In addition to this particular
output, it is possible to generate the DE for cases in which a
scaler is not used. This signal alerts the following circuitry as to
which are displayable video pixels.
Rev. 0 | Page 11 of 28
AD9397
4:4:4 TO 4:2:2 FILTER
The AD9397 contains a filter that allows it to convert a signal
from YCrCb 4:4:4 to YCrCb 4:2:2 while maintaining the
maximum accuracy and fidelity of the original signal.
Input Color Space to Output Color Space
The AD9397 can support a wide variety of output formats,
such as:
•
RGB 24-bit
•
4:4:4 YCrCb 8-bit
•
4:2:2 YCrCb 8-bit, 10-bit, and 12-bit
•
Dual 4:2:2 YCrCb 8-bit
One of the three channels is represented in Figure 6. In each
processing channel, the three inputs are multiplied by three
separate coefficients marked a1, a2, and a3. These coefficients
are divided by 4096 to obtain nominal values ranging from
–0.9998 to +0.9998. The variable labeled a4 is used as an offset
control. The CSC_Mode setting is the same for all three
processing channels. This multiplies all coefficients and offsets
by a factor of 2CSC_Mode.
The functional diagram for a single channel of the CSC, as
shown in Figure 6, is repeated for the remaining G and B
channels. The coefficients for these channels are b1, b2, b3, b4,
c1, c2, c3, and c4.
CSC_Mode[1:0]
Color Space Conversion (CSC) Matrix
The main inputs, RIN, GIN, and BIN, come from the 8-bit to 12-bit
inputs from each channel. These inputs are based on the input
format detailed in Table 9. The mapping of these inputs to the
CSC inputs is shown in Table 8.
Table 8. CSC Port Mapping
CSC Input Channel
RIN
GIN
BIN
×
RIN [11:0]
×
1
4096
+
+
×4
2
×2
1
+
ROUT [11:0]
a2[12:0]
0
GIN [11:0]
×
×
1
4096
×
1
4096
a3[12:0]
BIN [11:0]
×
05691-006
The CSC matrix in the AD9397 consists of three identical
processing channels. In each channel, three input values are
multiplied by three separate coefficients. Also included are an
offset value for each row of the matrix and a scaling multiple
for all values. Each value has a 13-bit, twos complement
resolution to ensure the signal integrity is maintained. The
CSC is designed to run at speeds up to 150 MHz supporting
resolutions up to 1080p at 60 Hz. With any-to-any color space
support, formats such as RGB, YUV, YCbCr, and others are
supported by the CSC.
Input Channel
R/CR
Gr/Y
B/CB
a4[12:0]
a1[12:0]
Figure 6. Single CSC Channel
A programming example and register settings for several
common conversions are listed in the Color Space Converter
(CSC) Common Settings section.
For a detailed functional description and more programming
examples, refer to the Application Note AN-795, AD9880 Color
Space Converter User's Guide.
OUTPUT DATA FORMATS
The AD9398 supports 4:4:4, 4:2:2, double data-rate (DDR), and
BT656 output formats. Register 0x25[3:0] controls the output
mode. These modes and the pin mapping are illustrated in
Table 8.
B
Table 9.
Port
Bit
4:4:4
4:2:2
4:4:4 DDR
4:2:2 to 12
1
Red
7
6
5
4
Red/Cr [7:0]
CbCr [7:0]
DDR ↑ 1 G [3:0]
DDR ↓ R [7:0]
CbCr[11:0]
3
2
1
DDR ↑ B [7:4]
0
Green
7
6
5
4
Green/Y [7:0]
Y [7:0]
DDR ↑ B [3:0]
DDR ↓ G [7:4]
Arrows in the table indicate clock edge. Rising edge of clock = ↑, falling edge = ↓.
Rev. 0 | Page 12 of 28
Blue
7
6
5
4
3
Blue/Cb [7:0]
DDR 4:2:2 ↑ CbCr ↓ Y, Y
DDR 4:2:2 ↑ CbCr [11:0]
DDR 4:2:2 ↓ Y,Y [11:0]
Y [11:0]
3
2
1
0
2
1
0
AD9397
2-WIRE SERIAL REGISTER MAP
The AD9397 is initialized and controlled by a set of registers that determines the operating modes. An external controller is employed to
write and read the control registers through the 2-wire serial interface port.
Table 10. Control Register Map
Hex
Address
0x00
0x11
0x12
Read/Write
or Read Only
Read
Read/Write
Read/Write
Bits
[7:0]
[7]
Default
Value
00000000
0*******
[6]
*0******
HSYNC Source
Override
[5]
**0*****
VSYNC Source
[4]
***0****
VSYNC Source
Override
[3]
****0***
Channel Select
[2]
*****0**
Channel Select
Override
[1]
******0*
Interface Select
[0]
*******0
Interface Override
[7]
1*******
Input HSYNC Polarity
[6]
*0******
HSYNC Polarity
Override
[5]
**1*****
Input VSYNC Polarity
[4]
***0****
VSYNC Polarity
Override
HSYNCs per VSYNC
MSB
HSYNCs per VSYNC
VSYNC Duration
HSYNC Duration
0x17
Read
[3:0]
****0000
0x18
0x22
0x23
Read
Read/Write
Read/Write
[7:0]
[7:0]
[7:0]
00000000
4
32
0x24
Read/Write
[7]
1*******
[6]
[5]
*1******
**1*****
Register Name
Chip Revision
HSYNC Source
HSYNC Output
Polarity
VSYNC Output
Polarity
DE Output Polarity
Description
Chip revision ID.
0 = HSYNC.
1 = SOG.
0 = auto HSYNC source.
1 = manual HSYNC source.
0 = VSYNC.
1 = VSYNC from SOG.
0 = auto HSYNC source.
1 = manual HSYNC source.
0 = Channel 0.
1 = Channel 1.
0 = autochannel select.
1 = manual channel select.
0 = analog interface.
1 = digital interface.
0 = auto-interface select.
1 = manual interface select.
0 = active low.
1 = active high.
0 = auto HSYNC polarity.
1 = manual HSYNC polarity.
0 = active low.
1 = active high.
0 = auto VSYNC polarity.
1 = manual VSYNC polarity.
MSB of HSYNCs per VSYNC.
HSYNCs per VSYNC count.
VSYNC duration.
HSYNC duration. Sets the duration of the output HSYNC in pixel
clocks.
Output HSYNC polarity.
0 = active low out.
1 = active high out.
Output VSYNC polarity.
0 = active low out.
1 = active high out.
Output DE polarity.
0 = active low out.
1 = active high out.
Rev. 0 | Page 13 of 28
AD9397
Hex
Address
0x25
0x26
Read/Write
or Read Only
Read/Write
Read/Write
Bits
[4]
Default
Value
***1****
Register Name
Field Output Polarity
[0]
*******0
Output CLK Invert
[7:6]
01******
Output CLK Select
[5:4]
**11****
Output Drive
Strength
[3:2]
****00**
Output Mode
[1]
******1*
[0]
*******0
[7]
[5]
[4]
[3]
0*******
**0*****
***0****
****1***
Primary Output
Enable
Secondary Output
Enable
Output Three-State
SPDIF Three-State
I2S Three-State
Power-Down Pin
Polarity
[2:1]
0x27
Read/Write
*****00*
Power-Down Pin
Function
[0]
*******0
Power-Down
[7]
1*******
Auto Power-Down
Enable
[6]
*0******
HDCP A0
[5]
**0*****
MCLK External
Enable
[4]
***0****
BT656 EN
[3]
[2:0]
****0***
*****000
Force DE Generation
Interlace Offset
Description
Output field polarity.
0 = active low out.
1 = active high out.
0 = Don’t invert clock out.
1 = Invert clock out.
Selects which clock to use on output pin. 1× CLK is divided
down from TMDS clock input when pixel repetition is in use.
00 = ½× CLK.
01 = 1× CLK.
10 = 2× CLK.
11 = 90° phase 1× CLK.
Sets the drive strength of the outputs.
00 = lowest, 11 = highest.
Selects which pins the data comes out on.
00 = 4:4:4 mode (normal).
01 = 4:2:2 + DDR 4:2:2 on blue.
10 = DDR 4:4:4 + DDR 4:2:2 on blue.
Enables primary output.
Enables secondary output (DDR 4:2:2 in Output Mode 1 and
Mode 2).
Three-state the outputs.
Three-state the SPDIF output.
Three-state the I2S output and the MCLK out.
Sets polarity of power-down pin.
0 = active low.
1 = active high.
Selects the function of the power-down pin.
00 = power-down.
01 = power-down and three-state SOG.
10 = three-state outputs only.
11 = three-state outputs and SOG.
0 = normal.
1 = power-down.
0 = disable auto low power state.
1 = enable auto low power state.
Sets the LSB of the address of the HDCP I2C. Set to 1 only for a
second receiver in a dual-link configuration.
0 = use internally generated MCLK.
1 = use external MCLK input.
If an external MCLK is used, it must be locked to the video clock
according to the CTS and N available in the I2C. Any mismatch
between the internal MCLK and the input MCLK results in
dropped or repeated audio samples.
Enables EAV/SAV codes to be inserted into the video output
data.
Allows use of the internal DE generator in DVI mode.
Sets the difference (in HSYNCs) in field length between Field 0
and Field 1.
Rev. 0 | Page 14 of 28
AD9397
Hex
Address
0x28
Read/Write
or Read Only
Read/Write
Bits
[7:2]
Default
Value
011000**
Register Name
VS Delay
0x29
Read/Write
[1:0]
[7:0]
******01
00000100
HS Delay MSB
HS Delay
0x2A
0x2B
0x2C
0x2D
0x2E
0x2F
Read/Write
Read/Write
Read/Write
Read/Write
Read/Write
Read
0x30
Read
[3:0]
[7:0]
[3:0]
[7:0]
[7]
[6]
[5]
[3]
[2:0]
[6]
****0101
00000000
****0010
11010000
0*******
*0******
**0*****
****0***
*****000
*0******
Line Width MSB
Line Width
Screen Height MSB
Screen Height
Test 1
TMDS Sync Detect
TMDS Active
HDCP Keys Read
DVI Quality
DVI Content
Encrypted
Read/Write
[5]
[4]
[7:4]
**0*****
***0****
1001****
DVI HSYNC Polarity
DVI VSYNC Polarity
MV Pulse Max
[3:0]
****0110
MV Pulse Min
Read/Write
[7]
0*******
MV Oversample En
Read/Write
[6]
[5:0]
[7]
*0******
**001101
1*******
MV Pal En
MV Line Count Start
MV Detect Mode
[6]
*0******
MV Settings Override
[5:0]
[7:6]
**010101
10******
MV Line Count End
MV Pulse Limit Set
[5]
**0*****
Low Freq Mode
[4]
***0****
Low Freq Override
[3]
****0***
Up Conversion Mode
[2]
[1]
*****0**
******0*
CrCb Filter Enable
CSC_Enable
[6:5]
*01* ****
CSC_Mode
[4:0]
***01100
CSC_Coeff_A1 MSB
0x31
0x32
0x33
0x34
0x35
Read/Write
Read/Write
Description
Sets the delay (in lines) from the VSYNC leading edge to the start
of active video.
MSB, Register 0x29.
Sets the delay (in pixels) from the HSYNC leading edge to the
start of active video.
MSB, Register 0x2B.
Sets the width of the active video line in pixels.
MSB, Register 0x2D.
Sets the height of the active screen in lines.
Must be written to 1 for proper operation.
Detects a TMDS DE.
Detects a TMDS clock.
Returns 1 when read of EEPROM keys is successful.
Returns quality number based on DE edges.
This bit is high when HDCP decryption is in use (content is
protected). The signal goes low when HDCP is not being used.
Customers can use this bit to determine whether to allow
copying of the content. The bit should be sampled at regular
intervals because it can change on a frame-by-frame basis.
Returns DVI HSYNC polarity.
Returns DVI VSYNC polarity.
Sets the maximum pseudo sync pulse width for Macrovision
detection.
Sets the minimum pseudo sync pulse width for Macrovision®
detection.
Tells the Macrovision detection engine whether we are
oversampling or not.
Tells the Macrovision detection engine to enter PAL mode.
Sets the start line for Macrovision detection.
0 = standard definition.
1 = progressive scan mode.
0 = use hard-coded settings for line counts and pulse widths.
1 = use I2C values for these settings.
Sets the end line for Macrovision detection.
Sets the number of pulses required in the last 3 lines (SD mode
only).
Sets audio PLL to low frequency mode. Low frequency mode
should only be set for pixel clocks <80 MHz.
Allows the previous bit to be used to set low frequency mode
rather than the internal auto-detect.
0 = repeat Cr and Cb values.
1 = interpolate Cr and Cb values.
Enables the FIR filter for 4:2:2 CrCb output.
Enables the color space converter (CSC). The default settings for
the CSC provide HDTV-to-RGB conversion.
Sets the fixed point position of the CSC coefficients, including
the A4, B4, and C4 offsets.
00 = ±1.0, −4096 to +4095.
01 =±2.0, −8192 to +8190.
1× = ±4.0, −16384 to +16380.
MSB, Register 0x36.
Rev. 0 | Page 15 of 28
AD9397
Hex
Address
Read/Write
or Read Only
Bits
Default
Value
Register Name
Description
0x36
Read/Write
[7:0]
01010010
CSC_Coeff_A1 LSB
0x37
0x38
Read/Write
Read/Write
[4:0]
[7:0]
***01000
00000000
CSC_Coeff_A2 MSB
CSC_Coeff_A2 LSB
0x39
0x3A
Read/Write
Read/Write
[4:0]
[7:0]
***00000
00000000
CSC_Coeff_A3 MSB
CSC_Coeff_A3 LSB
0x3B
0x3C
Read/Write
Read/Write
[4:0]
[7:0]
***11001
11010111
CSC_Coeff_A4 MSB
CSC_Coeff_A4 LSB
0x3D
0x3E
Read/Write
Read/Write
[4:0]
[7:0]
***11100
01010100
CSC_Coeff_B1 MSB
CSC_Coeff_B1 LSB
0x3F
0x40
Read/Write
Read/Write
[4:0]
[7:0]
***01000
00000000
CSC_Coeff_B2 MSB
CSC_Coeff_B2 LSB
0x41
0x42
Read/Write
Read/Write
[4:0]
[7:0]
***11110
10001001
CSC_Coeff_B3 MSB
CSC_Coeff_B3
0x43
0x44
Read/Write
Read/Write
[4:0]
[7:0]
***00010
10010010
CSC_Coeff_B4 MSB
CSC_Coeff_B4 LSB
0x45
0x46
Read/Write
Read/Write
[4:0]
[7:0]
***00000
00000000
CSC_Coeff_C1 MSB
CSC_Coeff_C1 LSB
0x47
0x48
Read/Write
Read/Write
[4:0]
[7:0]
***01000
00000000
CSC_Coeff_C2 MSB
CSC_Coeff_C2 LSB
Color space converter (CSC) coefficient for equation:
ROUT = (A1 × RIN) + (A2 × GIN) + (A3 × BIN) + A4
GOUT = (B1 × RIN) + (B2 × GIN) + (B3 × BIN) + B4
BOUT = (C1 × RIN) + (C2 × GIN) + (C3 × BIN) + C4
MSB, Register 0x38.
CSC coefficient for equation:
ROUT = (A1 × RIN + (A2 × GIN) + (A3 × BIN) + A4
GOUT = (B1 × RIN) + (B2 × GIN) + (B3 × BIN) + B4
BOUT = (C1 × RIN) + (C2 × GIN) + (C3 × BIN) + C4
MSB, Register 0x3A.
CSC coefficient for equation:
ROUT = (A1 × RIN) + (A2 × GIN) + (A3 × BIN) + A4
GOUT = (B1 × RIN) + (B2 × GIN) + (B3 × BIN) + B4
BOUT = (C1 × RIN) + (C2 × GIN) + (C3 × BIN) + C4
MSB, Register 0x3C.
CSC coefficient for equation:
ROUT = (A1 × RIN) + (A2 × GIN) + (A3 × BIN) + A4
GOUT = (B1 × RIN) + (B2 × GIN) + (B3 × BIN) + B4
BOUT = (C1 × RIN) + (C2 × GIN) + (C3 × BIN) + C4
MSB, Register 0x3E.
CSC coefficient for equation:
ROUT = (A1 × RIN) + (A2 × GIN) + (A3 × BIN) + A4
GOUT = (B1 × RIN) + (B2 × GIN) + (B3 × BIN) + B4
BOUT = (C1 × RIN) + (C2 × GIN) + (C3 × BIN) + C4
MSB, Register 0x40.
CSC coefficient for equation:
ROUT = (A1 × RIN) + (A2 × GIN) + (A3 × BIN) + A4
GOUT = (B1 × RIN) + (B2 × GIN) + (B3 × BIN) + B4
BOUT = (C1 × RIN) + (C2 × GIN) + (C3 × BIN) + C4
MSB, Register 0x42.
CSC coefficient for equation:
ROUT = (A1 × RIN + (A2 × GIN) + (A3 × BIN) + A4
GOUT = (B1 × RIN) + (B2 × GIN) + (B3 × BIN) + B4
BOUT = (C1 × RIN) + (C2 × GIN) + (C3 × BIN) + C4
MSB, Register 0x44.
CSC coefficient for equation:
ROUT = (A1 × RIN) + (A2 × RIN) + (A3 × BIN) + A4
GOUT = (B1 × RIN) + (B2 × GIN) + (B3 × BIN) + B4
BOUT = (C1 × RIN) + (C2 × GIN) + (C3 × BIN) + C4
MSB, Register 0x46.
CSC coefficient for equation:
ROUT = (A1 × RIN) + (A2 × GIN) + (A3 × BIN) + A4
GOUT = (B1 × RIN) + (B2 × GIN) + (B3 × BIN) + B4
BOUT = (C1 × RIN) + (C2 × GIN) + (C3 × BIN) + C4
MSB, Register 0x48.
CSC coefficient for equation:
ROUT = (A1 × RIN) + (A2 × GIN) + (A3 × BIN) + A4
GOUT = (B1 × RIN) + (B2 × GIN) + (B3 × BIN) + B4
BOUT = (C1 × RIN) + (C2 × GIN) + (C3 × BIN) + C4
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
Rev. 0 | Page 16 of 28
AD9397
Hex
Address
0x49
0x4A
Read/Write
or Read Only
Read/Write
Read/Write
Bits
[4:0]
[7:0]
Default
Value
***01110
10000111
Register Name
CSC_Coeff_C3 MSB
CSC_Coeff_C3 LSB
0x4B
0x4C
Read/Write
Read/Write
[4:0]
[7:0]
***11000
10111101
CSC_Coeff_C4 MSB
CSC_Coeff_C4 LSB
0x50
0x56
0x59
Read/Write
Read/Write
Read/Write
[7:0]
[7:0]
[6]
[5]
[4]
[0]
00100000
00001111
Test
Test
MDA/MCL PU
CLK Term O/R
Manual CLK Term
MDA/MCL ThreeState
Description
MSB, Register 0x4A.
CSC coefficient for equation:
ROUT = (A1 × RIN) + (A2 × GIN) + (A3 × BIN) + A4
GOUT = (B1 × RIN) + (B2 × GIN) + (B3 × BIN) + B4
BOUT = (C1 × RIN) + (C2 × GIN) + (C3 × BIN) + C4
MSB, Register 0x4C.
CSC coefficient for equation:
ROUT = (A1 × RIN) + (A2 × GIN) + (A3 × BIN) + A4
GOUT = (B1 × RIN) + (B2 × GIN) + (B3 × BIN) + B4
BOUT = (C1 × RIN) + (C2 × GIN) + (C3 × BIN) + C4
Must be written to 0x20 for proper operation.
Must be written to default of 0x0F for proper operation.
This disables the MDA/MCL pull-ups.
Clock termination power-down override: 0 = auto, 1 = manual.
Clock termination: 0 = normal, 1 = disconnected.
This bit three-states the MDA/MCL lines.
B
B
Rev. 0 | Page 17 of 28
AD9397
2-WIRE SERIAL CONTROL REGISTER DETAILS
CHIP IDENTIFICATION
0x12—Bit[4] VSYNC Polarity Override
0x00—Bit[7:0] Chip Revision
0 = auto VSYNC polarity, 1 = manual VSYNC polarity. Manual
VSYNC polarity is defined in Register 0x11, Bit 5. The powerup default is 0.
An 8-bit value that reflects the current chip revision.
0x11—Bit[7] HSYNC Source
0x17—Bits[3:0] HSYNCs per VSYNC MSBs
0 = HSYNC, 1 = SOG. The power-up default is 0. These
selections are ignored if Register 0x11, Bit 6 = 0.
The 4 MSBs of the 12-bit counter that reports the number of
HSYNCs/VSYNC on the active input. This is useful in
determining the mode and aids in setting the PLL divide ratio.
0x11—Bit[6] HSYNC Source Override
0 = auto HSYNC source, 1 = manual HSYNC source. Manual
HSYNC source is defined in Register 0x11, Bit 7. The power-up
default is 0.
0x11—Bit[5] VSYNC Source
0 = VSYNC, 1 = VSYNC from SOG. The power-up default is 0.
These selections are ignored if Register 0x11, Bit 4 = 0.
0x11—Bit[4] VSYNC Source Override
0 = auto VSYNC source, 1 = manual VSYNC source. Manual
VSYNC source is defined in Register 0x11, Bit 5. The power-up
default is 0.
0x11—Bit[3] Channel Select
0 = Channel 0, 1 = Channel 1. The power-up default is 0. These
selections are ignored if Register 0x11, Bit 2 = 0.
0x11—Bit[2] Channel Select Override
0 = auto channel select, 1 = manual channel select. Manual
channel select is defined in Register 0x11, Bit 3. The power-up
default is 0.
0x11—Bit[1] Interface Select
0 = analog interface, 1 = digital interface. The power-up default
is 0. These selections are ignored if Register 0x11, Bit 0 = 0.
0x11—Bit[0] Interface Select Override
0 = auto interface select, 1 = manual interface select. Manual
interface select is defined in Register 0x11, Bit 1. The power-up
default is 0.
0x12—Bit[7] Input HSYNC Polarity
0 = active low, 1 = active high. The power-up default is 1. These
selections are ignored if Register 10x2, Bit 6 = 0.
0x18—Bit[7:0] HSYNCs per VSYNC LSBs
The 8 LSBs of the 12-bit counter that reports the number of
HSYNCs/VSYNC on the active input.
0x21—Bit[5] VSYNC Filter Enable
The purpose of the VSYNC filter is to guarantee the position of
the VSYNC edge with respect to the HSYNC edge and to
generate a field signal. The filter works by examining the
placement of VSYNC and regenerating a correctly placed
VSYNC one line later. The VSYNC is first checked to see
whether it occurs in the Field 0 position or the Field 1 position.
This is done by checking the leading edge position against the
sync separator threshold and the HSYNC position. The HSYNC
width is divided into four quadrants with Quadrant 1 starting at
the HSYNC leading edge plus a sync separator threshold. If the
VSYNC leading edge occurs in Quadrant 1 or Quadrant 4, the
field is set to 0 and the output VSYNC is placed coincident with
the HSYNC leading edge. If the VSYNC leading edge occurs in
Quadrant 2 or Quadrant 3, the field is set to 1 and the output
VSYNC leading edge is placed in the center of the line. In this
way, the VSYNC filter creates a predictable relative position
between HSYNC and VSYNC edges at the output.
If the VSYNC occurs near the HSYNC edge, this guarantees
that the VSYNC edge follows the HSYNC edge. This performs
filtering also in that it requires a minimum of 64 lines between
VSYNCs. The VSYNC filter cleans up extraneous pulses that
might occur on the VSYNC. This should be enabled whenever
the HSYNC/VSYNC count is used. Setting this bit to 0 disables
the VSYNC filter. Setting this bit to 1 enables the VSYNC filter.
Power-up default is 0.
0x21—Bit[4] VSYNC Duration Enable
0 = auto HSYNC polarity, 1 = manual HSYNC polarity. Manual
HSYNC polarity is defined in Register 0x11, Bit 7. The powerup default is 0.
This enables the VSYNC duration block which is designed to
be used with the VSYNC filter. Setting the bit to 0 leaves the
VSYNC output duration unchanged; setting the bit to 1 sets the
VSYNC output duration based on Register 0x22. The power-up
default is 0.
0x12—Bit[5] Input VSYNC Polarity
0x22—Bits[7:0] VSYNC Duration
0 = active low, 1 = active high. The power-up default is 1. These
selections are ignored if Register 0x11, Bit 4 = 0.
This is used to set the output duration of the VSYNC, and is
designed to be used with the VSYNC filter. This is valid only if
Register 0x21, Bit 4 is set to 1. Power-up default is 4.
0x12—Bit[6] HSYNC Polarity Override
Rev. 0 | Page 18 of 28
AD9397
0x23—Bit[7:0] HSYNC Duration
0x25—Bit[5:4] Output Drive Strength
An 8-bit register that sets the duration of the HSYNC output
pulse. The leading edge of the HSYNC output is triggered by
the internally generated, phase-adjusted PLL feedback clock.
The AD9397 then counts a number of pixel clocks equal to the
value in this register. This triggers the trailing edge of the
HSYNC output, which is also phase-adjusted. The power-up
default is 32.
These two bits select the drive strength for all the high speed
digital outputs (except VSOUT, A0 and O/E field). Higher drive
strength results in faster rise/fall times and in general makes it
easier to capture data. Lower drive strength results in slower
rise/fall times and helps to reduce EMI and digitally generated
power supply noise. The power-up default setting is 11.
0x24—Bit[7] HSYNC Output Polarity
Output Drive
00
01
10
11
This bit sets the polarity of the HSYNC output. Setting this bit
to 0 sets the HSYNC output to active low. Setting this bit to 1
sets the HSYNC output to active high. Power-up default setting
is 1.
0x24—Bit[6] VSYNC Output Polarity
This bit sets the polarity of the VSYNC output (both DVI and
analog). Setting this bit to 0 sets the VSYNC output to active
low. Setting this bit to 1 sets the VSYNC output to active high.
Power-up default is 1.
0x24—Bit[5] Display Enable Output Polarity
This bit sets the polarity of the display enable (DE) for both
DVI and analog. 0 = DE output polarity is negative. 1 = DE
output polarity is positive. The power-up default is 1.
Table 12. Output Drive Strength
Result
Low output drive strength
Medium low output drive strength
Medium high output drive strength
High output drive strength
0x25—Bits[3:2] Output Mode
These bits choose between four options for the output mode,
one of which is exclusive to an HDMI input. 4:4:4 mode is
standard RGB; 4:2:2 mode is YCrCb, which reduces the number
of active output pins from 24 to 16; 4:4:4 is double data rate
(DDR) output mode; and the data is RGB mode, but changes on
every clock edge. The power-up default setting is 00.
Table 13. Output Mode
0x24—Bit[4] Field Output Polarity
This bit sets the polarity of the field output signal (both DVI
and analog) on Pin 21. 0 = active low out = even field; active
high = odd field. 1 = active high out = odd field; active high =
even field. The power-up default is 1.
0x24—Bit[0] Output Clock Invert
This bit allows inversion of the output clock as specified by
Register 0x25, Bits 7 to 6. 0 = noninverted clock. 1 = inverted
clock. The power-up default setting is 0.
Output Mode
00
01
10
11
Result
4:4:4 RGB mode
4:2:2 YCrCb mode + DDR 4:2:2 on blue
(secondary)
DDR 4:4:4: DDR mode + DDR 4:2:2 on blue
(secondary)
12-bit 4:2:2 (HDMI option only)
0x25—Bit[1] Primary Output Enable
These bits select the clock output on the DATACLK pin. They
include 1/2× clock, a 2× clock, a 90° phase shifted clock, or the
normal pixel clock. The power-up default setting is 01.
This bit places the primary output in active or high impedance
mode. The primary output is designated when using either 4:2:2
or DDR 4:4:4. In these modes, the data on the red and green
output channels is the primary output, while the output data
on the blue channel (DDR YCrCb) is the secondary output.
0 = primary output is in high impedance mode. 1 = primary
output is enabled. The power-up default setting is 1.
Table 11. Output Clock Select
0x25—Bit[0] Secondary Output Enable
Select
00
01
10
11
This bit places the secondary output in active or high
impedance mode. The secondary output is designated when
using either 4:2:2 or DDR 4:4:4. In these modes, the data on
the blue output channel is the secondary output while the
output data on the red and green channels is the primary
output. Secondary output is always a DDR YCrCb data mode.
The power-up default setting is 0. 0 = secondary output is in
high impedance mode. 1 = secondary output is enabled.
0x25—Bits[7:6] Output Clock Select
Result
½× pixel clock
1× pixel clock
2× pixel clock
90° phase 1× pixel clock
Rev. 0 | Page 19 of 28
AD9397
0x26—Bit[7] Output Three-State
0x27—Bit[3] Force DE Generation
When enabled, this bit puts all outputs (except SOGOUT) in a
high impedance state. 0 = normal outputs. 1 = all outputs
(except SOGOUT) in high impedance mode. The power-up
default setting is 0.
This bit allows the use of the internal DE generator in DVI
mode. 0 = internal DE generation disabled. 1 = force DE
generation via programmed registers. The power-up default
setting is 0.
0x26—Bit[3] Power-Down Polarity
0x27—Bits[2:0] Interlace Offset
This bit defines the polarity of the input power-down pin. 0 =
power-down pin is active low. 1 = power-down pin is active
high. The power-up default setting is 1.
These bits define the offset in HSYNCs from Field 0 to Field 1.
The power-up default setting is 000.
0x26—Bits[2:1] Power-Down Pin Function
These bits set the delay (in lines) from the leading edge of
VSYNC to active video. The power-up default setting is 24.
These bits define the different operational modes of the powerdown pin. These bits are functional only when the power-down
pin is active; when it is not active, the part is powered up and
functioning. 0x = the chip is powered down and all outputs are
in high impedance mode. 1x = the chip remains powered up,
but all outputs are in high impedance mode. The power-up
default setting is 00.
0x28—Bits[7:2] VSYNC Delay
0x28—Bit[1:0] HSYNC Delay MSBs
These 2 bits and the following 8 bits set the delay (in pixels)
from the HSYNC leading edge to the start of active video. The
power-up default setting is 0x104.
0x29—Bits[7:0] HSYNC Delay LSBs
0x26—Bit[0] Power-Down
See the HSYNC Delay MSBs section.
This bit is used to put the chip in power-down mode. In this
mode, the power dissipation is reduced to a fraction of the
typical power (see Table 1 for exact power dissipation). When in
power-down, the HSOUT, VSOUT, DATACK, and all 30 of the
data outputs are put into a high impedance state. Note that the
SOGOUT output is not put into high impedance. Circuit blocks
that continue to be active during power-down include the
voltage references, sync processing, sync detection, and the
serial register. These blocks facilitate a fast start-up from powerdown. 0 = normal operation. 1 = power-down. The power-up
default setting is 0.
0x2A—Bits[3:0] Line Width MSBs
0x27—Bit[7] Auto Power-Down Enable
These 4 bits and the following 8 bits set the width of the active
video line (in pixels). The power-up default setting is 0x500.
0x2B—Bits[7:0] Line Width LSBs
See the line width MSBs section.
0x2C—Bits[3:0] Screen Height MSBs
These 4 bits and the following 8 bits set the height of the active
screen (in lines). The power-up default setting is 0x2D0.
0x2D—Bits[7:0] Screen Height LSBs
See the Screen Height MSBs section.
This bit enables the chip to go into low power mode, or seek
mode if no sync inputs are detected. 0 = auto power-down
disabled. 1 = chip powers down if no sync inputs present. The
power-up default setting is 1.
0x2F—Bit[6] TMDS Sync Detect
This read-only bit indicates the presence of a TMDS DE. 0 = no
TMDS DE present. 1 = TMDS DE detected.
0x2F—Bit[5] TMDS Active
0x27—Bit[6] HDCP A0 Address
2
This bit sets the LSB of the address of the HDCP I C. This
should be set to 1 only for a second receiver in a dual-link
configuration. The power-up default is 0.
This read-only bit indicates the presence of a TMDS clock. 0 =
no TMDS clock present. 1 = TMDS clock detected.
BT656 GENERATION
This read-only bit reports if the HDCP keys were read
successfully. 0 = failure to read HDCP keys. 1 = HDCP keys
read.
0x2F—Bit[3] HDCP Keys Read
0x27—Bit[4] BT656 Enable
This bit enables the output to be BT656 compatible with the
defined start of active video (SAV) and end of active video
(EAV) controls to be inserted. These require specification of the
number of active lines, active pixels per line, and delays to place
these markers. 0 = disable BT656 video mode. 1 = enable BT656
video mode. The power-up default setting is 0.
0x2F—Bits[2:0] DVI Quality
These read-only bits indicate a level of DVI quality based on the
DE edges. A larger number indicates a higher quality.
Rev. 0 | Page 20 of 28
AD9397
0x30—Bit[6] DVI Content Encrypted
0x33—Bits[5:0] Macrovision Line Count End
This read-only bit is high when HDCP decryption is in use
(content is protected). The signal goes low when HDCP is not
being used. Customers can use this bit to allow copying of the
content. The bit should be sampled at regular intervals because
it can change on a frame-by-frame basis. 0 = HDCP not in use.
1 = HDCP decryption in use.
Set the end line for Macrovision detection. Along with Register
0x32, Bits [5:0], they define the region where MV pulses are
expected to occur. The power-up default is Line 21.
0x30—Bit[5] DVI HSYNC Polarity
0x34—Bits[7:6] Macrovision Pulse Limit Select
Set the number of pulses required in the last three lines (SD
mode only). If there is not at least this number of MV pulses,
the engine stops. These two bits define these pulse counts:
This read-only bit indicates the polarity of the DVI HSYNC. 0 =
DVI HSYNC polarity is low active. 1 = DVI HSYNC polarity is
high active.
00 = 6.
01 = 4.
10 = 5 (default).
11 = 7.
0x30—Bit[4] DVI VSYNC Polarity
This read-only bit indicates the polarity of the DVI VSYNC.
0 = DVI VSYNC polarity is low active. 1 = DVI VSYNC polarity
is high active.
MACROVISION
0x34—Bit[5] Low Frequency Mode
Sets whether the audio PLL is in low frequency mode or not.
Low frequency mode should only be set for pixel clocks
<80 MHz.
0x31—Bits[7:4] Macrovision Pulse Max
0x34—Bit[4] Low Frequency Override
These bits set the pseudo sync pulse width maximum for
Macrovision detection in pixel clocks. This is functional for
13.5 MHz SDTV or 27 MHz progressive scan. Power-up
default is 9.
Allows the previous bit to be used to set low frequency mode
rather than the internal autodetect.
0x34—Bit[3] Upconversion Mode
0 = repeat Cb/Cr values. 1 = interpolate Cb/Cr values.
0x31—Bits[3:0] Macrovision Pulse Min
0x34—Bit[2] CbCr Filter Enable
These bits set the pseudo sync pulse width maximum for
Macrovision detection in pixel clocks. This is functional for
13.5 MHz SDTV or 27 MHz progressive scan. Power up
default is 6.
Enables the FIR filter for 4:2:2 CbCr output.
COLOR SPACE CONVERSION
0x32—Bit[7] Macrovision Oversample Enable
Tells the Macrovision detection engine whether oversampling
is used. This accommodates 27 MHz sampling for SDTV and
54 MHz sampling for progressive scan and is used as a
correction factor for clock counts. Power-up default is 0.
0x32—Bit[6] Macrovision PAL Enable
Tells the Macrovision detection engine to enter PAL mode when
set to 1. Default is 0 for NTSC mode.
0x32—Bits[5:0] Macrovision Line Count Start
Set the start line for Macrovision detection. Along with
Register 0x33, Bits [5:0], they define the region where MV
pulses are expected to occur. The power-up default is Line 13.
0x33—Bit[7] Macrovision Detect Mode
0 = standard definition. 1 = progressive scan mode
The default power-up values for the color space converter
coefficients (R0x35 through R0x4C) are set for ATSC RGB-toYCbCr conversion. They are completely programmable for
other conversions.
0x34—Bit[1] Color Space Converter Enable
This bit enables the color space converter. 0 = disable color
space converter. 1 = enable color space converter. The power-up
default setting is 0.
0x35—Bits[6:5] Color Space Converter Mode
These two bits set the fixed-point position of the CSC
coefficients, including the A4, B4, and C4 offsets. Default = 01.
Table 14. CSC Fixed Point Converter Mode
Select
00
01
1×
0x33—Bit[6] Macrovision Settings Override
This defines whether preset values are used for the MV line
counts and pulse widths or the values stored in I2C registers are
used. 0 = use hard-coded settings for line counts and pulse
widths. 1 = use I2C values for these settings.
Rev. 0 | Page 21 of 28
Result
±1.0, −4096 to +4095
±2.0, −8192 to +8190
±4.0, −16384 to +16380
AD9397
0x35—Bits[4:0] Color Space Conversion Coefficient A1 MSBs
These 5 bits form the 5 MSBs of the Color Space Conversion
Coefficient A1. This combined with the 8 LSBs of the following
register form a 13-bit, twos complement coefficient which is
user programmable. The equation takes the form of:
ROUT = (A1 × RIN) + (A2 × GIN) + (A3 × BIN) + A4
GOUT = (B1 × RIN) + (B2 × GIN) + (B3 × BIN) + B4
BOUT = (C1 × RIN) + (C2 × GIN) + (C3 × BIN) + C4
0x37—Bits[4:0] CSC A2 MSBs
These five bits form the 5 MSBs of the Color Space Conversion
Coefficient A2. Combined with the 8 LSBs of the following
register they form a 13-bit, twos complement coefficient that is
user programmable. The equation takes the form of:
See the Register 0x37 section.
0x39—Bits[4:0] CSC A3 MSBs
The default value for the 13-bit A3 is 0x0000.
0x3A—Bits[7:0] CSC A3 LSBs
0x3B—Bits[4:0] CSC A4 MSBs
The default value for the 13-bit A4 is 0x19D7.
0x3C—Bits[7:0] CSC A4 LSBs
0x3D—Bits[4:0] CSC B1 MSBs
The default value for the 13-bit B1 is 0x1C54.
0x3E—Bits[7:0] CSC B1 LSBs
0x3F—Bits[4:0] CSC B2 MSBs
The default value for the 13-bit C1 is 0x0000.
0x46—Bits[7:0] CSC C1 LSBs
0x47—Bits[4:0] CSC C2 MSBs
See the Register 0x35 section.
0x38—Bits[7:0] CSC A2 LSBs
0x42—Bit[7:0] CSC B3 LSBs
0x43—Bit[4:0] CSC B4 MSBs
0x44—Bits[7:0] CSC B4 LSBs
0x45—Bits[4:0] CSC C1 MSBs
0x36—Bits[7:0] Color Space Conversion Coefficient A1 LSBs
The default value for the 13-bit A2 coefficient is 0x0800.
The default value for the 13-bit B3 is 0x1E89.
The default value for the 13-bit B4 is 0x0291.
The default value for the 13-bit A1 coefficient is 0x0C52.
ROUT = (A1 × RIN) + (A2 × GIN) + (A3 × BIN) + A4
GOUT = (B1 × RIN) + (B2 × GIN) + (B3 × BIN) + B4
BOUT = (C1 × RIN) + (C2 × GIN) + (C3 × BIN) + C4
0x40—Bits[7:0] CSC B2 LSBs
0x41—Bits[4:0] CSC B3 MSBs
The default value for the 13-bit C2 is 0x0800.
0x48—Bits[7:0] CSC C2 LSBs
0x49—Bits[4:0] CSC C3 MSBs
The default value for the 13-bit C3 is 0x0E87.
0x4A—Bits[7:0] CSC C3 LSBs
0x4B—Bits[4:0] CSC C4 MSBs
The default value for the 13-bit C4 is 0x18BD.
0x4C—Bits[7:0] CSC C4 LSBs
0x59—Bit[6] MDA/MCL PU Disable
This bit disables the inter-MDA/MCL pull-ups.
0x59—Bit[5] CLK Term O/R
This bit allows for overriding during power down.
0 = auto, 1 = manual.
0x59—Bit[4] Manual CLK Term
This bit allows normal clock termination or disconnects this. 0
= normal, 1 = disconnected.
0x59—Bit[0] MDA/MCL Three-State
This bit three-states the MDA/MCL lines to allow in-circuit
programming of the EEPROM.
The default value for the 13-bit B2 is 0x0800.
Rev. 0 | Page 22 of 28
AD9397
2-WIRE SERIAL CONTROL PORT
DATA TRANSFER VIA SERIAL INTERFACE
A 2-wire serial interface control interface is provided in the
AD9397. Up to two AD9397 devices can be connected to the
2-wire serial interface, with a unique address for each device.
The 2-wire serial interface comprises a clock (SCL) and a
bidirectional data (SDA) pin. The analog flat panel interface
acts as a slave for receiving and transmitting data over the serial
interface. When the serial interface is not active, the logic levels
on SCL and SDA are pulled high by external pull-up resistors.
Data received or transmitted on the SDA line must be stable for
the duration of the positive-going SCL pulse. Data on SDA must
change only when SCL is low. If SDA changes state while SCL is
high, the serial interface interprets that action as a start or stop
sequence.
There are six components to serial bus operation:
For each byte of data read or written, the MSB is the first bit of
the sequence.
If the AD9397 does not acknowledge the master device during a
write sequence, the SDA remains high so the master can generate a stop signal. If the master device does not acknowledge the
AD9397 during a read sequence, the AD9397 interprets this as
the end of data. The SDA remains high, so the master can
generate a stop signal.
To write data to specific control registers of the AD9397, the
8-bit address of the control register of interest must be written
after the slave address has been established. This control register
address is the base address for subsequent write operations. The
base address auto-increments by 1 for each byte of data written
after the data byte intended for the base address. If more bytes
are transferred than there are available addresses, the address
does not increment and remains at its maximum value. Any
base address higher than the maximum value does not produce
an acknowledge signal.
•
Start signal
•
Slave address byte
•
Base register address byte
•
Data byte to read or write
•
Stop signal
Data are read from the control registers of the AD9397 in a
similar manner. Reading requires two data transfer operations:
•
Acknowledge (Ack)
•
The base address must be written with the R/W bit of the
slave address byte low to set up a sequential read
operation.
•
Reading (the R/W bit of the slave address byte high) begins
at the previously established base address. The address of
the read register auto-increments after each byte is
transferred.
When the serial interface is inactive (SCL and SDA are high),
communications are initiated by sending a start signal. The start
signal is a high-to-low transition on SDA while SCL is high.
This signal alerts all slave devices that a data transfer sequence
is coming.
The first 8 bits of data transferred after a start signal comprise a
7-bit slave address (the first 7 bits) and a single R/W bit (the
eighth bit). The R/W bit indicates the direction of data transfer,
read from (1) or write to (0) the slave device. If the transmitted
slave address matches the address of the device (set by the state
of the SA0 input pin as shown in Table 15), the AD9397
acknowledges by bringing SDA low on the 9th SCL pulse. If the
addresses do not match, the AD9397 does not acknowledge.
Table 15. Serial Port Addresses
Bit 6
A5
0
Bit 5
A4
0
Bit 4
A3
1
Bit 3
A2
1
Bit 2
A1
0
Bit 1
A0
0
A repeated start signal occurs when the master device driving
the serial interface generates a start signal without first generating a stop signal to terminate the current communication. This
is used to change the mode of communication (read, write)
between the slave and master without releasing the serial
interface lines.
SDA
tBUFF
tSTAH
tDSU
tDHO
tSTASU
tSTOSU
tDAL
SCL
05691-007
Bit 7
A6 (MSB)
1
To terminate a read/write sequence to the AD9397, a stop signal
must be sent. A stop signal comprises a low-to-high transition
of SDA while SCL is high.
tDAH
Figure 7. Serial Port Read/Write Timing
Rev. 0 | Page 23 of 28
AD9397
SERIAL INTERFACE READ/WRITE EXAMPLES
Write to one control register:
Read from one control register:
•
Start signal
•
Start signal
•
Slave address byte (R/W bit = low)
•
Slave address byte (R/W bit = low)
•
Base address byte
•
Base address byte
•
Data byte to base address
•
Start signal
•
Stop signal
•
Slave address byte (R/W bit = high)
Write to four consecutive control registers:
•
Data byte from base address
•
Start signal
•
Stop signal
•
Slave address byte (R/W bit = low)
Read from four consecutive control registers:
•
Base address byte
•
Start signal
•
Data byte to base address
•
Slave address byte (R/W bit = low)
•
Data byte to (base address + 1)
•
Base address byte
•
Data byte to (base address + 2)
•
Start signal
•
Data byte to (base address + 3)
•
Slave address byte (R/W bit = high)
•
Stop signal
•
Data byte from base address
•
Data byte from (base address + 1)
•
Data byte from (base address + 2)
•
Data byte from (base address + 3)
•
Stop signal
BIT 7
BIT 6
BIT 5
BIT 4
BIT 3
BIT 2
BIT 1
BIT 0
ACK
05691-008
SDA
SCL
Figure 8. Serial Interface—Typical Byte Transfer
Rev. 0 | Page 24 of 28
AD9397
PCB LAYOUT RECOMMENDATIONS
The AD9397 is a high precision, high speed digital device. To
achieve the maximum performance from the part, it is important to have a well laid-out board. The following is a guide for
designing a board using the AD9397.
POWER SUPPLY BYPASSING
It is recommended to bypass each power supply pin with a
0.1 μF capacitor. The exception is in the case where two or more
supply pins are adjacent to each other. For these groupings of
powers/grounds, it is only necessary to have one bypass
capacitor. The fundamental idea is to have a bypass capacitor
within about 0.5 cm of each power pin. Also, avoid placing the
capacitor on the opposite side of the PC board from the
AD9397, because that interposes resistive vias in the path.
The bypass capacitors should be physically located between the
power plane and the power pin. Current should flow from the
power plane to the capacitor to the power pin. Do not make the
power connection between the capacitor and the power pin.
Placing a via underneath the capacitor pads down to the power
plane is generally the best approach.
In some cases, using separate ground planes is unavoidable,
so it is recommend to place a single ground plane under the
AD9397. The location of the split should be at the receiver of
the digital outputs. In this case, it is even more important to
place components wisely because the current loops are much
longer (current takes the path of least resistance). An example
of a current loop is: power plane to AD9397 to digital output
trace to digital data receiver to digital ground plane.
OUTPUTS (BOTH DATA AND CLOCKS)
Try to minimize the trace length that the digital outputs have
to drive. Longer traces have higher capacitance, which require
more current that causes more internal digital noise.
Shorter traces reduce the possibility of reflections.
Adding a 50 Ω to 200 Ω series resistor can suppress reflections,
reduce EMI, and reduce the current spikes inside the AD9397.
If series resistors are used, place them as close as possible to the
AD9397 pins (although try not to add vias or extra length to the
output trace to move the resistors closer).
It is particularly important to maintain low noise and good
stability of PVDD (the clock generator supply). Abrupt changes
in PVDD can result in similarly abrupt changes in sampling clock
phase and frequency. This can be avoided by careful attention to
regulation, filtering, and bypassing. It is highly desirable to
provide separate regulated supplies for each of the analog
circuitry groups (VD and PVDD).
If possible, limit the capacitance that each of the digital outputs
drives to less than 10 pF. This can be accomplished easily by
keeping traces short and by connecting the outputs to only one
device. Loading the outputs with excessive capacitance increases
the current transients inside of the AD9397 and creates more
digital noise on its power supplies.
Some graphic controllers use substantially different levels of
power when active (during active picture time) and when idle
(during HSYNC and VSYNC periods). This can result in a
measurable change in the voltage supplied to the analog supply
regulator, which can in turn produce changes in the regulated
analog supply voltage. This can be mitigated by regulating the
analog supply, or at least PVDD, from a different, cleaner power
source (for example, from a 12 V supply).
The digital inputs on the AD9397 were designed to work with
3.3 V signals, but are tolerant of 5.0 V signals. Therefore, no
extra components need to be added if using 5.0 V logic.
DIGITAL INPUTS
Any noise that enters the HSYNC input trace can add jitter to
the system. Therefore, minimize the trace length and do not run
any digital or other high frequency traces near it.
It is recommended to use a single ground plane for the entire
board. Experience has repeatedly shown that the noise performance is the same or better with a single ground plane. Using
multiple ground planes can be detrimental because each separate ground plane is smaller and long ground loops can result.
Rev. 0 | Page 25 of 28
AD9397
COLOR SPACE CONVERTER (CSC) COMMON SETTINGS
Table 16. HDTV YCrCb (0 to 255) to RGB (0 to 255) (Default Setting for AD9397)
Register
Address
Value
Register
Address
Value
Register
Address
Value
0x35
0x2C
0x3D
0x1C
0x45
0x00
Red/Cr Coeff 1
0x36
0x52
Green/Y Coeff 1
0x3E
0x54
Blue/Cb Coeff 1
0x46
0x00
0x37
0x08
0x3F
0x08
0x47
0x08
Red/Cr Coeff 2
0x38
0x00
Green/Y Coeff 2
0x40
0x00
Blue/Cb Coeff 2
0x48
0x00
0x39
0x00
0x41
0x3E
0x49
0x0E
Red/Cr Coeff 3
0x3A
0x00
Green/Y Coeff 3
0x42
0x89
Blue/Cb Coeff 3
0x4A
0x87
0x3B
0x19
0x43
0x02
0x4B
0x18
Red/Cr Offset
0x3C
0xD7
Green/Y Offset
0x44
0x91
Blue/Cb Offset
0x4C
0xBD
Table 17. HDTV YCrCb (16 to 235) to RGB (0 to 255)
Register
Address
Value
Register
Address
Value
Register
Address
Value
0x35
0x47
0x3D
0x1D
0x45
0x00
Red/Cr Coeff 1
0x36
0x2C
Green/Y Coeff 1
0x3E
0xDD
Blue/Cb Coeff 1
0x46
0x00
0x37
0x04
0x3F
0x04
0x47
0x04
Red/Cr Coeff 2
0x38
0xA8
Green/Y Coeff 2
0x40
0xA8
Blue/Cb Coeff 2
0x48
0xA8
0x39
0x00
0x41
0x1F
0x49
0x08
Red/Cr Coeff 3
0x3A
0x00
Green/Y Coeff 3
0x42
0x26
Blue/Cb Coeff 3
0x4A
0x 75
0x3B
0x1C
0x43
0x01
0x4B
0x1B
Red/Cr Offset
0x3C
0x1F
Green/Y Offset
0x44
0x34
Blue/Cb Offset
0x4C
0x7B
Table 18. SDTV YCrCb (0 to 255) to RGB (0 to 255)
Register
Address
Value
Register
Address
Value
Register
Address
Value
Red/Cr Coeff 1
0x36
0xF8
Green/Y Coeff 1
0x3D
0x3E
0x1A
0x6A
Blue/Cb Coeff. 1
0x45
0x46
0x00
0x00
0x35
0x2A
0x37
0x08
0x3F
0x08
0x47
0x08
Red/Cr Coeff 2
0x38
0x00
Green/Y Coeff 2
0x40
0x00
Blue/Cb Coeff 2
0x48
0x00
0x39
0x00
0x41
0x1D
0x49
0x0D
Red/Cr Coeff 3
0x3A
0x00
Green/Y Coeff 3
0x42
0x50
Blue/Cb Coeff 3
0x4A
0xDB
0x3B
0x1A
0x43
0x04
0x4B
0x19
Red/Cr Offset
0x3C
0x84
Green/Y Offset
0x44
0x23
Blue/Cb Offset
0x4C
0x12
Table 19. SDTV YCrCb (16 to 235) to RGB (0 to 255)
Register
Address
Value
Register
Address
Value
Register
Address
Value
0x35
0x46
0x3D
0x1C
0x45
0x00
Red/Cr Coeff 1
0x36
0x63
Green/Y Coeff 1
0x3E
0xC0
Blue/Cb Coeff 1
0x46
0x00
0x37
0x04
0x3F
0x04
0x47
0x04
Red/Cr Coeff 2
0x38
0xA8
Green/Y Coeff 2
0x40
0xA8
Blue/Cb Coeff 2
0x48
0xA8
Rev. 0 | Page 26 of 28
0x39
0x00
0x41
0x1E
0x49
0x08
Red/Cr Coeff 3
0x3A
0x00
Green/Y Coeff 3
0x42
0x6F
Blue/Cb Coeff 3
0x4A
0x11
0x3B
0x1C
0x43
0x02
0x4B
0x1B
Red/Cr Offset
0x3C
0x84
Green/Y Offset
0x44
0x1E
Blue/Cb Offset
0x4C
0xAD
AD9397
Table 20. RGB (0 to 255) to HDTV YCrCb (0 to 255)
Register
Address
Value
Register
Address
Value
Register
Address
Value
0x35
0x08
0x3D
0x03
0x45
0x1E
Red/Cr Coeff 1
0x36
0x2D
Green/Y Coeff 1
0x3E
0x68
Blue/Cb Coeff 1
0x46
0x21
0x37
0x18
0x3F
0x0B
0x47
0x19
Red/Cr Coeff 2
0x38
0x93
Green/Y Coeff 2
0x40
0x71
Blue/Cb Coeff 2
0x48
0xB2
0x39
0x1F
0x41
0x01
0x49
0x08
Red/Cr Coeff
0x3A
0x3F
Green/Y Coeff 3
0x42
0x27
Blue/Cb Coeff 3
0x4A
0x2D
0x3B
0x08
0x43
0x00
0x4B
0x08
Red/Cr Offset
0x3C
0x00
Green/Y Offset
0x44
0x00
Blue/Cb Offset
0x4C
0x00
Table 21. RGB (0 to 255) to HDTV YCrCb (16 to 235)
Register
Address
Value
Register
Address
Value
Register
Address
Value
0x35
0x07
0x3D
0x02
0x45
0x1E
Red/Cr Coeff 1
0x36
0x06
Green/Y Coeff 1
0x3E
0xED
Blue/Cb Coeff 1
0x46
0x64
0x37
0x19
0x3F
0x09
0x47
0x1A
Red/Cr Coeff 2
0x38
0xA0
Green/Y Coeff 2
0x40
0xD3
Blue/Cb Coeff 2
0x48
0x96
0x39
0x1F
0x41
0x00
0x49
0x07
Red/Cr Coeff 3
0x3A
0x5B
Green/Y Coeff 3
0x42
0xFD
Blue/Cb Coeff 3
0x4A
0x06
0x3B
0x08
0x43
0x01
0x4B
0x08
Red/Cr Offset
0x3C
0x00
Green/Y Offset
0x44
0x00
Blue/Cb Offset
0x4C
0x00
Table 22. RGB (0 to 255) to SDTV YCrCb (0 to 255)
Register
Address
Value
Register
Address
Value
Register
Address
Value
0x35
0x08
0x3D
0x04
0x45
0x1D
Red/Cr Coeff 1
0x36
0x2D
Green/Y Coeff 1
0x3E
0xC9
Blue/Cb Coeff 1
0x46
0x3F
0x37
0x19
0x3F
0x09
0x47
0x1A
Red/Cr Coeff 2
0x38
0x27
Green/Y Coeff 2
0x40
0x64
Blue/Cb Coeff 2
0x48
0x93
0x39
0x1E
0x41
0x01
0x49
0x08
Red/Cr Coeff 3
0x3A
0xAC
Green/Y Coeff 3
0x42
0xD3
Blue/Cb Coeff 3
0x4A
0x2D
0x3B
0x08
0x43
0x00
0x4B
0x08
Red/Cr Offset
0x3C
0x00
Green/Y Offset
0x44
0x00
Blue/Cb Offset
0x4C
0x00
Table 23. RGB (0 to 255) to SDTV YCrCb (16 to 235)
Register
Address
Value
Register
Address
Value
Register
Address
Value
0x35
0x07
0x3D
0x04
0x45
0x1D
Red/Cr Coeff 1
0x36
0x06
Green/Y Coeff 1
0x3E
0x1C
Blue/Cb Coeff 1
0x46
0xA3
0x37
0x1A
0x3F
0x08
0x47
0x1B
Red/Cr Coeff 2
0x38
0x1E
Green/Y Coeff 2
0x40
0x11
Blue/Cb Coeff 2
0x48
0x57
Rev. 0 | Page 27 of 28
0x39
0x1E
0x41
0x01
0x49
0x07
Red/Cr Coeff 3
0x3A
0xDC
Green/Y Coeff 3
0x42
0x91
Blue/Cb Coeff 3
0x4A
0x06
0x3B
0x08
0x43
0x01
0x4B
0x08
Red/Cr Offset
0x3C
0x00
Green/Y Offset
0x44
0x00
Blue/Cb Offset
0x4C
0x00
AD9397
OUTLINE DIMENSIONS
16.00
BSC SQ
1.60 MAX
0.75
0.60
0.45
100
1
76
75
PIN 1
14.00
BSC SQ
TOP VIEW
(PINS DOWN)
1.45
1.40
1.35
0.15
0.05
0.20
0.09
7°
3.5°
0°
0.08 MAX
COPLANARITY
SEATING
PLANE
25
51
50
26
VIEW A
0.50
BSC
LEAD PITCH
VIEW A
ROTATED 90° CCW
0.27
0.22
0.17
COMPLIANT TO JEDEC STANDARDS MS-026-BED
Figure 9. 100-Lead Low Profile Quad Flat Package [LQFP]
(ST-100)
Dimensions shown in millimeters
ORDERING GUIDE
Model
AD9397KSTZ-100 1
AD9397KSTZ-1501
AD9397/PCB
1
Max Speeds (MHz)
Analog Digital
100
100
150
150
Temperature
Range
0°C to 70°C
0°C to 70°C
Package Description
100-Lead Low Profile Quad Flat Package (LQFP)
100-Lead Low Profile Quad Flat Package (LQFP)
Evaluation Board
Package
Option
ST-100
ST-100
Z = Pb-free part.
© 2005 Analog Devices, Inc. All rights reserved. Trademarks and
registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners.
D05691-0-10/05(0)
T
T
Rev. 0 | Page 28 of 28