AEV 24V&48V Input Series Te c h n i c a l R e f e r e n c e N o t e s Single And Dual Output Series 25 Watt DC-DC Converter TEL: FAX: USA 1-760-930-4600 1-760-930-0698 Europe 44-(0)1384-842-211 44-(0)1384-843-355 Asia 852-2437-9662 852-2402-4426 www.astec.com AEV 24V&48V Input Series DC-DC Converters S i n g l e A n d D u a l O u t p u t , 2 5 Wa t t D C - D C C o n v e r t e r s AEV Technical Description The AEV series of switching DC-DC converters is one of the most cost effective options available in component power. The AEV uses an industry standard package size and pinout configuration, and provides control and trim functions. Note: CNT must be tied to -Vin for operation. AEV converters come in 24V or 48V input versions, each of which uses a 2:1 input range. Outputs are isolated from the input and the converters are capable of providing up to 25 watts of output power. At startup, input current passes through an input filter designed to help meet CISPR 22 level A radiated emissions, and Bellcore GR1089 conducted emissions. A fuse should be used in line with the input. Fig. 1. AEV Single Output Block Diagram Note: CNT must be tied to -Vin for operation. The AEV converters are pulse width modulated (PWM) and operate at a Fig. 2. AEV Dual Output Block Diagram nominal fixed frequency of 330 kHz. Feedback to the PWM controller uses an opto-isolator, maintaining complete isolation between primary and secondary. Caution should be taken to avoid ground loops when connecting the converter to ground. Output power is typically available within 10 ms after application of input power. AEV Series Electrical Input Input The +Vin and -Vin pins are located as shown in the mechanical drawings at the end of this manual. AEV converters have a 2:1 input voltage range; 24 Vin converters can accept 18-36 Vdc, and 48 Vin converters can accept 36-72 Vdc. Care should be taken to avoid applying reverse polarity to the converters which can damage the converter. Page 1 TEL: FAX: USA 1-760-930-4600 1-760-930-0698 Europe 44-(0)1384-842-211 44-(0)1384-843-355 Asia 852-2437-9662 852-2402-4426 www.astec.com AEV 24V&48V Input Series DC-DC Converters S i n g l e A n d D u a l O u t p u t , 2 5 Wa t t D C - D C C o n v e r t e r s Input Reverse Voltage Protection Under installation and cabling conditions where reverse polarity across the input may occur, reverse +Vin +Vin polarity protection is recommended. Protection can -Vin -Vin easily be provided as shown in Figure 3. In both cases the diode used is rated for 4A/100V. Placing the diode Fig. 3. Reverse Polarity Protection Circuits across the inputs rather than in-line with the input offers an advantage in that the diode only conducts in a reverse polarity condition, which increases circuit efficiency and thermal performance. Input Undervoltage Protection The AEV is protected against undervoltage on the input. If the input voltage should drop below the acceptable range, the converter will shut down. It will automatically restart when the undervoltage condition is removed. Input Overvoltage Protection The AEV is protected against overvoltage on the input. If the input voltage should rise above the acceptable range, the converter will shut down. It will automatically restart when the undervoltage condition is removed. Input Filter Input filters are included in the converters to +Vin help achieve standard system emissions certifications. Some users however, may find that C1 additional input filtering is necessary. The AEV -Vin series has an internal switching frequency of 330 kHz so a high frequency capacitor mountFig. 4. Ripple Rejection Input Filter ed close to the input terminals produces the best results. To reduce reflected noise, a capacitor can be added across the input as shown in Figure 4, forming a π filter. A 47µF/100V electrolytic capacitor is recommended for C1. For conditions where EMI is a concern, a different input filter can be used. Figure 5 shows an input filter designed to reduce EMI effects. L1 is a 1mH common mode inductor, C1 is a 47µF/100V electrolytic capacitor, and C2 is a 1µF/100V metal film or ceramic high frequency capacitor, and Cy1 and Cy2 are each 4700 pF high frequency ceramic capacitors. L1 +Vin Cy1 C2 C1 Cy2 -Vin Fig. 5. EMI Reduction Input Filter Page 2 TEL: FAX: USA 1-760-930-4600 1-760-930-0698 Europe 44-(0)1384-842-211 44-(0)1384-843-355 Asia 852-2437-9662 852-2402-4426 www.astec.com AEV 24V&48V Input Series DC-DC Converters S i n g l e A n d D u a l O u t p u t , 2 5 Wa t t D C - D C C o n v e r t e r s When a filter inductor is connected in series with the power converter input, an input capacitor C1 should be added. An input capacitor C1 should also be used when the input wiring is long, since the wiring can act as an inductor. Failure to use an input capacitor under these conditions can produce large input voltage spikes and an unstable output. Nominal Input Fuse 24V 5A 48V 2.5A Input Fusing Standard safety agency regulations require input fusing. Recommended fuse ratings for the AEV Series are shown in Table 1. Table 1. Fuse Ratings AEV Series Electrical Output Output Connections (+Vout, -Vout) Outputs on the AEV series are isolated from the input and can therefore be left to float or can be grounded. Pin connections for +Vout, and -Vout are shown in the mechanical drawings at the end of this manual. Sharing Power Between Dual Outputs Each output of a dual output AEV is limited to one half of the total power capacity of the converter. For example, if the positive output of an AEV01cc48 only draws 5W, the negative output will still be limited to 12.5W. Voltage regulation performance is best when the outputs are balanced. Figure 6 shows typical cross regulation for a 15 volt output. AEV01CC24 AEV01CC48 AEV01CC24 AEV01CC48 Fig. 6. Cross Regulation Overcurrent Protection (OCP) AEV series DC/DC converters feature foldback current limiting as part of their Overcurrent Protection (OCP) circuits. When output current exceeds 115 to 150% of rated current, such as during a short circuit condition, the output will shutdown immediately, and can tolerate short circuit conditions indefinitely. When the overcurrent condition is removed, the converter will automatically restart. AEV02B24 AEV02C24 Fig. 7. Overcurrent Performance Page 3 TEL: FAX: USA 1-760-930-4600 1-760-930-0698 Europe 44-(0)1384-842-211 44-(0)1384-843-355 Asia 852-2437-9662 852-2402-4426 www.astec.com AEV 24V&48V Input Series DC-DC Converters S i n g l e A n d D u a l O u t p u t , 2 5 Wa t t D C - D C C o n v e r t e r s Overvoltage Protection (OVP) The AEV series provides overvoltage protection on the output, which will shut the output off if the voltage exceeds 120 to 140% of the nominal output voltage. If the OVP circuit activates, power to the converter should be cycled to turn the converter back on. Trim The output voltage of the AEV series can be trimmed using the trim pin provided. Applying a voltage to the trim pin through a voltage divider from the output will cause the output to increase or decrease by up to 10%. Trimming up by more +Vout than 10% of the nominal output may activate the R1 Load -Vout OVP circuit or damage the converter. Trimming R2 down more than 10% can cause improper reguRT = 100k Ω Trim lation. When trimming a dual output converter, both outputs trim simultaneously. Single Output Converters Dual Output Converters 10% R1 R2 Fixed and variable trim circuits are shown in Figures 7 to 9. Note that resistor values will change depending on the converter used. For trim ranges not listed, contact the factory for assistance. 5% R1 R2 10% R1 R2 5% R1 R2 3.3V out 5V out 33 12 63 5V out 12V out 120 11 200 20 15V out 150 10 270 20 12V out 47 12 86 15V out 68 12 120 22 22 22 All resistor values in kΩ Fig. 8. Variable Trim +Vout +Vout Load R1 Load -Vout -Vout R2 Trim Trim Single Output Converters Dual Output Converters 5V out: 2.08 R1 = y - 2.2 1.87 y -1 12V out: R1 = R1 = 1.97 y -1 15V out: R1 = R1 = 2.08 - 2.2 y 3.3V out: 1.55 R1 = y - 2.2 5V out: R1 = 12V out: 15V out: where where 3.3V out: 2.54 R1 = y - 5.08 2.23 y - 2.2 5V out: R1 = 5.6 y 2.28 y - 2.2 12V out: R1 = 7.49 y - 10.66 15V out: R1 = 10.38 y - 13.65 y = Vo - Ve Ve y = Vo - Ve Ve Dual Output Converters Single Output Converters where - 8.67 5.6 y 5V out: R1 = 12V out: R1 = 19.18 y - 23.61 15V out: R1 = 25.11 y - 29.59 where - 9.67 y = Ve - Vo Ve y = Ve - Vo Ve All resistor values in kΩ All resistor values in kΩ Fig. 9. Fixed Trim Up Fig. 10. Fixed Trim Down Control Function The AEV provides a control function allowing the user to turn the output on and off using an external circuit. Applying a voltage greater than 7V to the CNT pin will disable the output, while applying a voltage less than 3.5V will enable it. The performance of the converter between these two points will depend on the individual converter and whether the control voltage is increasing or Page 4 TEL: FAX: USA 1-760-930-4600 1-760-930-0698 Europe 44-(0)1384-842-211 44-(0)1384-843-355 Asia 852-2437-9662 852-2402-4426 www.astec.com AEV 24V&48V Input Series DC-DC Converters S i n g l e A n d D u a l O u t p u t , 2 5 Wa t t D C - D C C o n v e r t e r s decreasing. The CNT pin must be connected to -Vin for operation. If the CNT pin is left open, the converter will default to “control off” and the output will not turn on. The maximum voltage that can be applied to the control pin is 80 volts. CNT -Vin Fig. 11. Simple Control Circuit CNT CNT CNT -Vin -Vin Fig. 12. Transistor Control Circuit -Vin Fig. 13. Isolated Control Circuit Fig. 14. Relay Control Circuit Output Filters When the load is sensitive to ripple and noise, an output filter +Vout C1 can be added to minimize the effects. A simple output filter to Load reduce output ripple and noise can be made by connecting a -Vout capacitor across the output as shown in Figure 15. The recFig. 15. Output Ripple Filter ommended value for the output capacitor is 470µf / 10V for single outputs up to 5 volts, 100µf / 25V for 12 and 15 volt single outputs, and 220µf / 25V on each output for dual output converters. Extra care should be taken when long leads or traces are used to provide power to the load. Long lead lengths increase the chance for noise to appear on the lines. Under these conditions C2 can be added across the load as shown in Figure 16. The recommended component for C2 is 1µf ceramic capacitor. +Vout C1 C2 Load -Vout Fig. 16. Output Ripple Filter for a Distant Load Decoupling Noise on the power distribution system is not always created by the converter. High speed analog or digital loads with dynamic power demands can cause noise to cross the power inductor back onto the input lines. Noise can be reduced by decoupling the load. In most cases, connecting a 10 µF tantalum capacitor in parallel with a 0.1µF ceramic capacitor across the load will decouple it. The capacitors should be connected as close to the load as possible. Series Operation When converters are connected in series to increase the output voltage, diodes should be added as shown in Figure 16. Choose low forward voltage drop diodes, such as shottky diodes. The reverse voltage of the diode should be greater than the output voltage, and the diode’s turn-on current should be greater than the series load current. The maximum operating output current of the series connection should not be greater than the maximum output current of any single converter. +Vin -Vin +Vout -Vout Load +Vin -Vin +Vout -Vout Fig. 17. Series Operation Page 5 TEL: FAX: USA 1-760-930-4600 1-760-930-0698 Europe 44-(0)1384-842-211 44-(0)1384-843-355 Asia 852-2437-9662 852-2402-4426 www.astec.com AEV 24V&48V Input Series DC-DC Converters S i n g l e A n d D u a l O u t p u t , 2 5 Wa t t D C - D C C o n v e r t e r s Parallel Operation Under most circumstances, paralleling converters is not desirable. When more power is required, a higher power converter will usually use less space and will cost less than using two lower power converters. One common exception is when redundancy or graceful degradation is required. In this case, multiple converters should be used. Please see the discussion on Redundant Operation in the Design Considerations section for further information. Design Considerations Parallel Power Distribution Figure 18 shows a typical parallel power distribution design. Such designs, sometimes called daisy chains, can be used for very low output currents, but are not normally recommended. The voltage across loads far from the source can vary greatly depending on the IR drops along the leads and changes in the loads closer to the source. Dynamic load conditions increase the potential problems. Radial Power Distribution Radial power distribution is the preferred method of providing power to the load. Figure 19 shows how individual loads are connected directly to the power source. This arrangement requires additional power leads, but it avoids the voltage variation problems associated with the parallel power distribution technique. Mixed Distribution In the real world a combination of parallel and radial power distribution is often used. Dynamic and high current loads are connected using a radial design, while static and low current loads can be connected in parallel. This combined approach minimizes the drawbacks of a parallel design when a purely radial design is not feasible. I1 + I2 + I3 I2 + I3 I3 RL2 RL1 RL3 +Vout Load 1 Load 2 Load 3 -Vout RG2 RG1 RG3 RL = Lead Resistance RG = Ground Lead Resistance Fig. 18. Parallel Power Distribution +Vout RL3 RL1 RL2 Load 1 Load 2 Load 3 RG2 RG1 RG3 -Vout RL = Lead Resistance RG = Ground Lead Resistance Fig. 19. Radial Distribution +Vout RL3 RL1 RL4 RL2 Load 1 RG1 Load 2 Load 3 Load 4 RG2 RG3 -Vout RG4 RL = Lead Resistance RG = Ground Lead Resistance Fig. 20. Mixed Distribution Redundant Operation A common requirement in high reliability systems is to provide redundant power supplies. The easiest way to do this is to place two converters in parallel, providing fault tolerance but not load sharing. Oring diodes should be used to ensure that failure of one converter will not cause failure of the second. Figure 21 shows such an arrangement. Upon application of power, one of the converters will provide a slightly higher output voltage and will support the full load demand. The sec- Page 6 TEL: FAX: USA 1-760-930-4600 1-760-930-0698 Europe 44-(0)1384-842-211 44-(0)1384-843-355 Asia 852-2437-9662 852-2402-4426 www.astec.com AEV 24V&48V Input Series DC-DC Converters S i n g l e A n d D u a l O u t p u t , 2 5 Wa t t D C - D C C o n v e r t e r s ond converter will see a zero load condition and will “idle”. If the first converter should fail, the second converter will support the full load. When designing redundant converter circuits, Shottky diodes should be used to minimize the forward voltage drop. The voltage drop across the Shottky diodes must also be considered when determining load voltage requirements. +Vout -Vout Load +Vout -Vout Fig 21. Redundant Operation Ground Loops Ground loops occur when different circuits are given multiple paths to common or earth ground, as shown in Figure 22. Multiple ground points can have slightly different potential and cause current flow through the circuit from one point to another. This can result in additional noise in all the circuits. To eliminate the problem, circuits should be designed with a single ground connection as shown in Figure 23. RLine RLine RLine +Vout RLine +Vout Load Load RLine -Vout Load -Vout RLine Load RLine RLine RLine Ground Loop RLine RLine Fig. 22 Ground Loops Fig. 23. Single Point Ground Hot Plugging When a power source or load is inserted or removed from a system while the system is operational, it is called “hot plugging”. Designing a system for hot plug operation is challenging and several issues should be considered. The input to a converter is largely capacitive and it will draw a high inrush current when power is first applied. This will place a large demand on the power bus which must be designed to handle the current spike. It also presents the risk of arcing when the converter is connected. A common way to minimize inrush current is to disable the output until after the inrush current has subsided. Disabling the output eliminates power draw from the converter and reduces capacitor charge times. The output only has to be disabled for a very short time and can usually be done through mechanical connections. Making the input connections physically longer lets them connect first and initiate the inrush current. When the shorter output or output enable connections are made, the inrush has already subsided. Page 7 TEL: FAX: USA 1-760-930-4600 1-760-930-0698 Europe 44-(0)1384-842-211 44-(0)1384-843-355 Asia 852-2437-9662 852-2402-4426 www.astec.com AEV 24V&48V Input Series DC-DC Converters S i n g l e A n d D u a l O u t p u t , 2 5 Wa t t D C - D C C o n v e r t e r s AEV Series Mechanical Considerations Maximum Case Temperature Percent maximum output power Thermal Derating AEV single and dual output converters are rated 100 for full power up to a case temperature of 90°C. 80 Under typical conditions this equates to an ambiSafe Operating Area 60 ent temperature of 70°C. For operation above 40 ambient air temperatures of 70°C, output power 20 must be derated as shown in Figure 24, or airflow 0 over the converter must be provided. When air-20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 Ambient Temperature in degrees C flow is provided, the case temperature should be Fig. 24. Temperature Derating used to determine maximum temperature limits. The minimum operating temperature for the AEV is -25°C. Operation at temperatures as low as 40°C is possible, but output performance below -25°C is not specified. Installation AEV series converters can be mounted in any orientation, but care should be taken to allow for free airflow. Common placement techniques put heat sources such as power components at the end of the airflow path or provide separate airflow paths. This arrangement keeps other system equipment cooler and increases component life spans. Soldering AEV series converters are compatible with standard wave soldering techniques. When wave soldering, the converter pins should be preheated for 20-30 seconds at 110°C, and wave soldered at 260°C for less than 15 seconds. When hand soldering, the iron temperature should be maintained at 450°C and applied to the converter pins for less than 5 seconds. Longer exposure can cause internal damage to the converter. Cleaning can be performed with cleaning solvent IPA or with water. Page 8 TEL: FAX: USA 1-760-930-4600 1-760-930-0698 Europe 44-(0)1384-842-211 44-(0)1384-843-355 Asia 852-2437-9662 852-2402-4426 www.astec.com AEV 24V&48V Input Series DC-DC Converters S i n g l e A n d D u a l O u t p u t , 2 5 Wa t t D C - D C C o n v e r t e r s Electrical Specs Nominal Output Output Short Circuit Input Voltage Current Current Ripple (V) (V) (A) (A) (mV rms) typ typ max 24 3.3 5 6.7 10 20 24 5 4 5.3 10 20 24 12 2.1 2.9 10 20 24 15 1.7 2.6 10 20 AEV05F24 AEV04A24 AEV02B24 AEV02C24 Noise (mV pp) typ max 50 75 50 75 75 100 75 100 Efficiency (%) min typ 78 80 82 83 83 85 83 86 80 83 86 86 Overvoltage Lockout (V) min max 3.96 5.0 5.75 7.0 13.8 15.5 17.0 19.5 AEV05F48 AEV04A48 AEV02B48 AEV02C48 48 48 48 48 3.3 5 12 15 5 4 2.1 1.7 6.7 5.3 2.9 2.6 10 10 10 10 20 20 20 20 50 75 50 75 75 100 75 100 78 82 84 84 3.96 5.0 5.75 7.0 13.8 15.5 17.0 19.5 AEV02AA24 AEV01BB24 AEV01CC24 24 24 24 ±5 ±12 ±15 ±2 ±1.05 ±0.85 6.6 3.4 3.2 10 10 10 20 20 20 50 75 75 100 75 100 82 83 84 86 84 86 12 27 33.5 14 33 42 AEV02AA48 AEV01BB48 AEV01CC48 48 48 48 ±5 ±12 ±15 ±2 ±1.05 ±0.85 6.2 2.9 2.7 10 10 10 20 20 20 50 75 75 100 75 100 82 83 84 86 84 86 12 27 33.5 14 33 42 5.08 (0.20) 5.08 (0.20) +Vin 50.0 (1.97) +Vo 7.62 (0.30) -Vo -Vin Trim CNT 5.08 (0.20) 50.0 (1.97) +Vo COM 15.24 (0.60) 15.24 (0.60) 5.08 (0.20) +Vin 7.62 (0.30) 5.08 (0.20) 15.24 (0.60) -Vo -Vin Trim CNT 5.44 (0.21) 5.08 (0.20) 5.44 (0.21) 3.81 (0.15) 3.81 (0.15) 55.88 (2.20) 55.88 (2.20) 65.0 (2.56) 65.0 (2.56) 8.5 (0.33) 8.5 (0.33) 0.5 (0.02) 0.5 (0.02) STANDOFF TYP, 4 PLACES 6.6 (0.26) 6-φ1.0 (0.039) 2.4 (0.09) 3.0 (0.12) STANDOFF TYP, 4 PLACES 6.6 (0.26) 7-φ1.0 (0.039) 2.4 (0.09) 3.0 (0.12) AEV Single and Dual Outputs Page 9 TEL: FAX: USA 1-760-930-4600 1-760-930-0698 Europe 44-(0)1384-842-211 44-(0)1384-843-355 Asia 852-2437-9662 852-2402-4426 www.astec.com AEV 24V&48V Input Series DC-DC Converters S i n g l e A n d D u a l O u t p u t , 2 5 Wa t t D C - D C C o n v e r t e r s Input Input Voltage Isolation Input-Output Input-Case Output-Case I/O Isolation Resistance Control Voltage Control Logic Logic Low = On Logic High = Off Control Current Undervoltage Shutdown 24 Vin 48 Vin Overvoltage Shutdown 24 Vin 48 Vin Min 18 36 Nom 24 48 Common Specs Max Units 36 Vdc 72 Vdc 500 500 500 300 80 3.5 0.6 Vdc Vdc mA 7 14 30 16 33 18 36 Vdc Vdc 36 72 38 76 42 82 Vdc Vdc ±1 ±0.1 ±0.5 +10 W %Vo %Vo %Vo %Vo 4 200 4 200 ±0.02 %Vo µs %Vo µs %Vo/°C Output Power Voltage Setpoint Accuracy Line Regulation Load Regulation Trim Range -10 Dynamic Response 50-75% load 25 ±0.05 ±0.35 50-25% load Temperature Regulation General MTBF Case Temperature Storage Temperature Switching Frequency Pin solder temperature Hand Soldering Time Weight Vdc Vdc Vdc MΩ Vdc 2,030 -25 -40 90 105 330 260 5 63 k Hrs °C °C kHz °C s grams Notes 50 Vdc max < 100 ms 100 Vdc max < 100 ms absolute maximum Both outputs trim together. T=25°C, DI/Dt=1A/10µs T=25°C, DI/Dt=1A/10µs T=25°C, DI/Dt=1A/10µs T=25°C, DI/Dt=1A/10µs Bellcore TR332, 25°C wave solder < 15 s iron temperature 450°C Page 10 TEL: FAX: USA 1-760-930-4600 1-760-930-0698 Europe 44-(0)1384-842-211 44-(0)1384-843-355 Asia 852-2437-9662 852-2402-4426 www.astec.com AEV 24V&48V Input Series DC-DC Converters S i n g l e A n d D u a l O u t p u t , 2 5 Wa t t D C - D C C o n v e r t e r s AEV Single Performance Curves AEV05F48 AEV04A48 AEV02B48 AEV02C48 AEV05F24 AEV04A24 AEV02B24 AEV02C24 AEV05F24 AEV04A24 AEV02B24 AEV02C24 AEV Single Output Typical Startup Delay from CNT On AEV05F48 AEV04A48 AEV02B48 AEV02C48 AEV Single Output Typical Shutdown Delay from CNT Off Page 11 TEL: FAX: USA 1-760-930-4600 1-760-930-0698 Europe 44-(0)1384-842-211 44-(0)1384-843-355 Asia 852-2437-9662 852-2402-4426 www.astec.com AEV 24V&48V Input Series DC-DC Converters S i n g l e A n d D u a l O u t p u t , 2 5 Wa t t D C - D C C o n v e r t e r s AEV Single Performance Curves AEV05F48 AEV04A48 AEV05F24 AEV04A24 AEV02B48 AEV02C48 AEV02B24 AEV02C24 Typical step up load response from 50% to 75% load. AEV04A48 Typical step down load response from 50% to 25% load. AEV04A48 Page 12 TEL: FAX: USA 1-760-930-4600 1-760-930-0698 Europe 44-(0)1384-842-211 44-(0)1384-843-355 Asia 852-2437-9662 852-2402-4426 www.astec.com AEV 24V&48V Input Series DC-DC Converters S i n g l e A n d D u a l O u t p u t , 2 5 Wa t t D C - D C C o n v e r t e r s 90 90 80 80 70 70 60 60 Efficiency (%) Efficiency (%) AEV Dual Performance Curves 50 40 50 40 30 30 20 20 AEV02AA24 AEV01BB24 AEV01CC24 10 AEV02AA48 AEV01BB48 AEV01CC48 10 0 0 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 0 0.5 1.5 2 2.5 AEV02AA48 AEV01BB48 AEV01CC48 AEV02AA24 AEV01BB24 AEV01CC24 AEV Dual Output Typical Startup Delay from CNT On 1 Output Current (amps) Output Current (amps) AEV Dual Output Typical Shutdown Delay from CNT Off Page 13 TEL: FAX: USA 1-760-930-4600 1-760-930-0698 Europe 44-(0)1384-842-211 44-(0)1384-843-355 Asia 852-2437-9662 852-2402-4426 www.astec.com AEV 24V&48V Input Series DC-DC Converters S i n g l e A n d D u a l O u t p u t , 2 5 Wa t t D C - D C C o n v e r t e r s AEV Dual Performance Curves AEV02AA24 AEV02AA48 AEV02AA24 AEV02AA48 AEV02AA24 AEV02AA48 AEV01BB24 AEV01BB48 AEV01BB24 AEV01BB48 AEV01BB24 AEV01CC24 AEV01CC24 AEV01CC48 AEV01CC24 AEV01CC48 Page 14 TEL: FAX: USA 1-760-930-4600 1-760-930-0698 Europe 44-(0)1384-842-211 44-(0)1384-843-355 Asia 852-2437-9662 852-2402-4426 www.astec.com