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SIBLSheets
Data
HF A
POS
TM
HFA1115
July 2004
FN3606.5
225MHz, Low Power, Output
Limiting, Closed Loop Buffer Amplifier
Features
The HFA1115 is a high speed closed loop Buffer featuring both
user programmable gain and output limiting. Manufactured on
Intersil’s proprietary complementary bipolar UHF-1 process, the
HFA1115 also offers a wide -3dB bandwidth of 225MHz, very
fast slew rate, excellent gain flatness and high output current.
• High Input Impedance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1MΩ
This buffer is the ideal choice for high frequency applications
requiring output limiting, especially those needing ultra fast
overload recovery times. The limiting function allows the
designer to set the maximum positive and negative output
levels, thereby protecting later stages from damage or input
saturation. The HFA1115 also allows for voltage gains of +2,
+1, and -1, without the use of external resistors. Gain
selection is accomplished via connections to the inputs, as
described in the “Application Information” text. The result is a
more flexible product, fewer part types in inventory, and more
efficient use of board space.
• Very Fast Slew Rate (AV = -1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1135V/μs
• User Programmable Output Voltage Limiting
Compatibility with existing op amp pinouts provides flexibility
to upgrade low gain amplifiers, while decreasing component
count. Unlike most buffers, the standard pinout provides an
upgrade path, should a higher closed loop gain be needed at
a future date. For Military product, refer to the HFA1115/883
data sheet.
• Differential Gain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.02%
• Differential Phase. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.03 Degrees
• Wide -3dB Bandwidth (AV = +2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 225MHz
• Low Supply Current . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.1mA
• High Output Current . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60mA
• Excellent Gain Accuracy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.99V/V
• User Programmable For Closed-Loop Gains of +1, -1 or
+2 Without Use of External Resistors
• Fast Overdrive Recovery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . <1ns
• Standard Operational Amplifier Pinout
Applications
• Flash A/D Drivers
• Video Cable Drivers
• High Resolution Monitors
• Professional Video Processing
Pinout
• Medical Imaging
HFA1115
(PDIP, SOIC)
TOP VIEW
NC
1
350
• Video Digitizing Boards/Systems
• Battery Powered Communications
350
8
VH
_
+
7
V+
-IN
2
+IN
3
6
OUT
V-
4
5
VL
Pin Descriptions
NAME
PIN NUMBER
NC
1
No Connection
-IN
2
Inverting Input
+IN
3
Non-Inverting Input
V-
4
Negative Supply
VL
5
Lower Output Limit
OUT
6
Output
V+
7
Positive Supply
VH
8
Upper Output Limit
1
DESCRIPTION
Part # Information
PART NUMBER
(BRAND)
TEMP.
RANGE (oC)
PACKAGE
PKG.
NO.
HFA1115IP
-40 to 85
8 Ld PDIP
E8.3
HFA1115IB
(H1115I)
-40 to 85
8 Ld SOIC
M8.15
HFA11XXEVAL
High Speed Op Amp DIP Evaluation Board
CAUTION: These devices are sensitive to electrostatic discharge; follow proper IC Handling Procedures.
1-888-INTERSIL or 1-888-468-3774 | Intersil (and design) is a trademark of Intersil Americas Inc.
Copyright Harris Corporation 1998, Copyright Intersil Americas Inc. 2004. All Rights Reserved
HFA1115
Absolute Maximum Ratings
Thermal Information
Voltage Between V+ and V-. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11V
DC Input Voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . VSUPPLY
Output Current (Note 2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Short Circuit Protected
ESD Rating
Human Body Model (Per MIL-STD-883 Method 3015.7) . . . .600V
Thermal Resistance (Typical, Note 1)
Operating Conditions
Temperature Range. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -40oC to 85oC
Supply Voltage Range (Typical) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5V to 10V
θJA (oC/W)
PDIP Package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
130
SOIC Package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
170
Maximum Junction Temperature (Die). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .175oC
Maximum Junction Temperature (Plastic Packages) . . . . . . .150oC
Maximum Storage Temperature Range . . . . . . . . . -65oC to 150oC
Maximum Lead Temperature (Soldering 10s) . . . . . . . . . . . . 300oC
(SOIC - Lead Tips Only)
CAUTION: Stresses above those listed in “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress only rating and operation of the
device at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the operational sections of this specification is not implied.
NOTES:
1. θJA is measured with the component mounted on an evaluation PC board in free air.
2. Output is protected for short circuits to ground. Brief short circuits to ground will not degrade reliability, however, continuous (100% duty cycle)
output current should not exceed 30mA for maximum reliability.
Electrical Specifications
VSUPPLY = ±5V, AV = +1, RL = 100Ω, Unless Otherwise Specified
(NOTE 3)
TEST
LEVEL
TEMP.
(oC)
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
A
25
-
2
10
mV
A
Full
-
3
15
mV
B
Full
-
22
70
μV/oC
ΔVCM = ±1.8V
A
25
42
45
-
dB
ΔVCM = ±1.8V
A
85
40
44
-
dB
ΔVCM = ±1.2V
A
-40
40
45
-
dB
ΔVPS = ±1.8V
A
25
45
49
-
dB
ΔVPS = ±1.8V
A
85
43
48
-
dB
ΔVPS = ±1.2V
A
-40
43
48
-
dB
A
25
-
1
15
μA
A
Full
-
3
25
μA
B
Full
-
30
80
nA/oC
A
25
-
0.5
1
μA/V
A
Full
-
-
3
μA/V
TEST
CONDITIONS
PARAMETER
INPUT CHARACTERISTICS
Output Offset Voltage
Average Output Offset Voltage Drift
Common-Mode Rejection Ratio
Power Supply Rejection Ratio
Non-Inverting Input Bias Current
Non-Inverting Input Bias Current Drift
Non-Inverting Input Bias Current Power
Supply Sensitivity
ΔVPS = ±1.25V
Non-Inverting Input Resistance
ΔVCM = ±1.8V
A
25
0.8
1.1
-
MΩ
ΔVCM = ±1.8V
A
85
0.5
1.4
-
MΩ
ΔVCM = ±1.2V
A
-40
0.5
1.3
-
MΩ
Inverting Input Resistance
C
25
280
350
420
Ω
Input Capacitance
C
25
-
1.6
-
pF
Input Voltage Common Mode Range
(Implied by VIO CMRR and +RIN Tests)
A
25, 85
±1.8
±2.4
-
V
A
-40
±1.2
±1.7
-
V
Input Noise Voltage Density (Note 4)
f = 100kHz
B
25
-
7
-
nV/√Hz
Non-Inverting Input Noise Current Density
(Note 4)
f = 100kHz
B
25
-
3.6
-
pA/√Hz
2
HFA1115
Electrical Specifications
VSUPPLY = ±5V, AV = +1, RL = 100Ω, Unless Otherwise Specified (Continued)
(NOTE 3)
TEST
LEVEL
TEMP.
(oC)
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
A
25
-0.98
-0.996
-1.02
V/V
A
Full
-0.975
-1.000
-1.025
V/V
A
25
0.98
0.992
1.02
V/V
A
Full
0.975
0.993
1.025
V/V
A
25
1.96
1.988
2.04
V/V
A
Full
1.95
1.990
2.05
V/V
AV = -1
B
25
-
225
-
MHz
AV = +1, +RS = 620Ω
B
25
-
200
-
MHz
AV = +2
B
25
-
225
-
MHz
AV = -1
B
25
-
157
-
MHz
AV = +1, +RS = 620Ω
B
25
-
140
-
MHz
AV = +2
B
25
-
125
-
MHz
AV = +1, +RS = 620Ω
B
25
-
±0.1
-
dB
AV = +2
B
25
-
±0.04
-
dB
AV = +1, +RS = 620Ω
B
25
-
±0.25
-
dB
AV = +2
B
25
-
±0.1
-
dB
AV = -1, RL = 100Ω
A
25
±3.0
±3.2
-
V
A
Full
±2.8
±3.0
-
V
A
25, 85
50
55
-
mA
A
-40
28
42
-
mA
B
25
-
90
-
mA
TEST
CONDITIONS
PARAMETER
TRANSFER CHARACTERISTICS
AV = -1
Gain
AV = +1
AV = +2
AC CHARACTERISTICS
-3dB Bandwidth
(VOUT = 0.2VP-P, Note 4)
Full Power Bandwidth
(VOUT = 5VP-P at AV = +2/-1,
4VP-P at AV = +1, Note 4)
Gain Flatness
(to 25MHz, VOUT = 0.2VP-P, Note 4)
Gain Flatness
(to 50MHz, VOUT = 0.2VP-P, Note 4)
OUTPUT CHARACTERISTICS
Output Voltage Swing (Note 4)
Output Current (Note 4)
AV = -1, RL = 50Ω
Output Short Circuit Current
Output Resistance (Note 4)
DC, AV = +2
B
25
-
0.07
-
Ω
Second Harmonic Distortion
(AV = +2, VOUT = 2VP-P)
10MHz
B
25
-
-50
-
dBc
20MHz
B
25
-
-45
-
dBc
Third Harmonic Distortion
(AV = +2, VOUT = 2VP-P)
10MHz
B
25
-
-50
-
dBc
20MHz
B
25
-
-45
-
dBc
TRANSIENT RESPONSE AV = +2, Unless Otherwise Specified
Rise and Fall Times
(VOUT = 0.5VP-P, Note 4)
Rise Time
B
25
-
1.7
-
ns
Fall Time
B
25
-
1.9
-
ns
Overshoot
(VOUT = 0.5VP-P, VIN tRISE = 2.5ns)
+OS
B
25
-
0
-
%
-OS
B
25
-
0
-
%
Slew Rate
(VOUT = 5VP-P, AV = -1)
+SR
B
25
-
1660
-
V/μs
-SR (Note 5)
B
25
-
1135
-
V/μs
+SR
B
25
-
1125
-
V/μs
-SR (Note 5)
B
25
-
800
-
V/μs
Slew Rate
(VOUT = 4VP-P, AV = +1, +RS = 620Ω)
3
HFA1115
Electrical Specifications
VSUPPLY = ±5V, AV = +1, RL = 100Ω, Unless Otherwise Specified (Continued)
(NOTE 3)
TEST
LEVEL
TEMP.
(oC)
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
+SR
B
25
-
1265
-
V/μs
-SR (Note 5)
B
25
-
870
-
V/μs
To 0.1%
B
25
-
23
-
ns
To 0.05%
B
25
-
33
-
ns
To 0.02%
B
25
-
45
-
ns
Differential Gain
f = 3.58MHz, AV = +2,
RL = 150Ω
B
25
-
0.02
-
%
Differential Phase
f = 3.58MHz, AV = +2,
RL = 150Ω
B
25
-
0.03
-
Degrees
TEST
CONDITIONS
PARAMETER
Slew Rate
(VOUT = 5VP-P, AV = +2)
Settling Time
(VOUT = +2V to 0V step, Note 4)
VIDEO CHARACTERISTICS
OUTPUT LIMITING CHARACTERISTICS AV = +2, VH = +1V, VL = -1V, Unless Otherwise Specified
Limit Accuracy (Note 4)
VIN = ±1.6V, AV = -1
A
Full
-125
-70
125
mV
Overdrive Recovery Time (Note 4)
VIN = ±1V
B
25
-
0.8
-
ns
Negative Limit Range
B
25
-5.0 to +2.5
V
Positive Limit Range
B
25
-2.5 to +5.0
V
Limit Input Bias Current
A
Full
-
85
200
μA
Limit Input Bandwidth
C
25
-
100
-
MHz
Power Supply Range
C
25
4.5
-
5.5
±V
Power Supply Current (Note 4)
A
25
6.6
6.9
7.1
mA
A
Full
-
7.1
7.3
mA
POWER SUPPLY CHARACTERISTICS
NOTE:
3. Test Level: A. Production Tested; B. Typical or Guaranteed Limit Based on Characterization; C. Design Typical for Information Only.
4. See Typical Performance Curves for more information.
5. Slew rates are asymmetrical if the output swings below GND (e.g., a bipolar signal). Positive unipolar output signals have symmetric positive and
negative slew rates comparable to the +SR specification. See the “Application Information” section, and the pulse response graphs for details.
Application Information
Relevant Application Notes
The following Application Notes pertain to the HFA1115:
• AN9653-Use and Application of Output Limiting
Amplifiers
• AN9752-Sync Stripper and Sync Inserter for
Composite Video
These publications may be obtained from Intersil’s web site
(http://www.intersil.com).
HFA1115 Advantages
The HFA1115 features a novel design which allows the user
to select from three closed loop gains, without any external
components. The result is a more flexible product, fewer part
types in inventory, and more efficient use of board space.
Implementing a gain of 2, cable driver with this IC eliminates
4
the two gain setting resistors, which frees up board space for
termination resistors.
Like most newer high performance amplifiers, the HFA1115
is a current feedback amplifier (CFA). CFAs offer high
bandwidth and slew rate at low supply currents, but can be
difficult to use because of their sensitivity to feedback
capacitance and parasitics on the inverting input (summing
node). The HFA1115 eliminates these concerns by bringing
the gain setting resistors on-chip. This yields the optimum
placement and value of the feedback resistor, while
minimizing feedback and summing node parasitics. Because
there is no access to the summing node, the PCB parasitics
do not impact performance at gains of +2 or -1 (see “Unity
Gain Considerations” for discussion of parasitic impact on
unity gain performance).
HFA1115
The HFA1115’s closed loop gain implementation provides
better gain accuracy, lower offset and output impedance,
and better distortion compared with open loop buffers.
capacitor between the inputs shorts them only at high
frequencies, which prevents the increased output offset
voltage but delivers less gain flatness.
Closed Loop Gain Selection
Another straightforward approach is to add a 620Ω resistor
in series with the positive input. This resistor and the
HFA1115 input capacitance form a low pass filter which rolls
off the signal bandwidth before gain peaking occurs. This
configuration was employed to obtain the datasheet AC and
transient parameters for a gain of +1.
This “buffer” operates in closed loop gains of -1, +1, or +2, and
gain selection is accomplished via connections to the ±inputs.
Applying the input signal to +IN and floating -IN selects a gain
of +1 (see next section for layout caveats), while grounding -IN
selects a gain of +2. A gain of -1 is obtained by applying the
input signal to -IN with +IN grounded through a 50Ω resistor.
The table below summarizes these connections:
CONNECTIONS
GAIN
(AV)
+INPUT (PIN 3)
-INPUT (PIN 2)
-1
50Ω to GND
Input
+1
Input
NC (Floating)
+2
Input
GND
Unity Gain Considerations
Unity gain selection is accomplished by floating the -Input of
the HFA1115. Anything that tends to short the -Input to
GND, such as stray capacitance at high frequencies, will
cause the amplifier gain to increase toward a gain of +2. The
result is excessive high frequency peaking, and possible
instability. Even the minimal amount of capacitance
associated with attaching the -Input lead to the PCB results
in approximately 3dB of gain peaking. At a minimum this
requires due care to ensure the minimum capacitance at the
-Input connection.
.
TABLE 1. UNITY GAIN PERFORMANCE FOR VARIOUS
IMPLEMENTATIONS
PEAKING
(dB)
BW
(MHz)
+SR/-SR
(V/μs)
±0.1dB
GAIN
FLATNESS
(MHz)
Remove Pin 2
2.5
400
1200/850
20
+RS = 620Ω
0.6
170
1125/800
25
+RS = 620Ω and
Remove Pin 2
0
165
1050/775
65
Short Pins 2, 3
0
200
875/550
45
100pF cap. between pins 2, 3
0.2
190
900/550
19
APPROACH
Table 1 lists five alternate methods for configuring the
HFA1115 as a unity gain buffer, and the corresponding
performance. The implementations vary in complexity and
involve performance trade-offs. The easiest approach to
implement is simply shorting the two input pins together, and
applying the input signal to this common node. The amplifier
bandwidth drops from 400MHz to 200MHz, but excellent
gain flatness is the benefit. Another drawback to this
approach is that the amplifier input noise voltage and input
offset voltage terms see a gain of +2, resulting in higher
noise and output offset voltages. Alternately, a 100pF
5
Non-inverting Input Source Impedance
For best operation, the DC source impedance seen by the
non-inverting input should be ≥50Ω. This is especially
important in inverting gain configurations where the noninverting input would normally be connected directly to GND.
Pulse Undershoot and Asymmetrical Slew Rates
The HFA1115 utilizes a quasi-complementary output stage to
achieve high output current while minimizing quiescent supply
current. In this approach, a composite device replaces the
traditional PNP pulldown transistor. The composite device
switches modes after crossing 0V, resulting in added
distortion for signals swinging below ground, and an
increased undershoot on the negative portion of the output
waveform (see Figures 9, 13, and 17). This undershoot isn’t
present for small bipolar signals, or large positive signals.
Another artifact of the composite device is asymmetrical slew
rates for output signals with a negative voltage component.
The slew rate degrades as the output signal crosses through
0V (see Figures 9, 13, and 17), resulting in a slower overall
negative slew rate. Positive only signals have symmetrical
slew rates as illustrated in the large signal positive pulse
response graphs (see Figures 7, 11, and 15).
PC Board Layout
This amplifier’s frequency response depends greatly on the
care taken in designing the PC board. The use of low
inductance components such as chip resistors and chip
capacitors is strongly recommended, while a solid
ground plane is a must!
Attention should be given to decoupling the power supplies.
A large value (10μF) tantalum in parallel with a small value
(0.1μF) chip capacitor works well in most cases.
Terminated microstrip signal lines are recommended at the input
and output of the device. Capacitance directly on the output
must be minimized, or isolated as discussed in the next section.
For unity gain applications, care must also be taken to
minimize the capacitance to ground at the amplifier’s
inverting input. At higher frequencies this capacitance tends
to short the -INPUT to GND, resulting in a closed loop gain
which increases with frequency. This causes excessive high
frequency peaking and potentially other problems as well.
An example of a good high frequency layout is the
Evaluation Board shown in Figure 2.
HFA1115
Driving Capacitive Loads
BOARD SCHEMATIC (MODIFIED)
Capacitive loads, such as an A/D input, or an improperly
terminated transmission line degrade the amplifier’s phase
margin resulting in frequency response peaking and
possible oscillations. In most cases, the oscillation can be
avoided by placing a resistor (RS) in series with the output
prior to the capacitance.
Figure 1 details starting points for the selection of this
resistor. The points on the curve indicate the RS and CL
combinations for the optimum bandwidth, stability, and
settling time, but experimental fine tuning is recommended.
Picking a point above or to the right of the curve yields an
overdamped response, while points below or left of the curve
indicate areas of underdamped performance.
R1 =
∞ (AV = +1) or 0Ω (AV = +2)
VH
R1
50Ω
IN
10μF
1
8
2
7
3
6
4
5
0.1μF
10μF
+5V
50Ω
0.1μF
OUT
VL
GND
GND
-5V
TOP LAYOUT
VH
RS and CL form a low pass network at the output, thus
limiting system bandwidth well below the amplifier bandwidth
of 200MHz (AV = +1). By decreasing RS as CLincreases (as
illustrated by the curves), the maximum bandwidth is
obtained without sacrificing stability. In spite of this,
bandwidth still decreases as the load capacitance increases.
For example, at AV = +1, RS = 50Ω, CL = 22pF, the overall
bandwidth is 185MHz, but the bandwidth drops to 50MHz at
AV = +1, RS = 15Ω, CL = 330pF.
1
+IN
OUT V+
VL VGND
BOTTOM LAYOUT
50
45
40
35
RS (Ω)
30
25
20
AV = +1
15
FIGURE 2. EVALUATION BOARD SCHEMATIC (AFTER
MODIFICATION FOR BUFFER USE) AND LAYOUT
AV = +2
10
5
Limiting Operation
0
0
40
80
120
160
200
240
280 320
360 400
LOAD CAPACITANCE (pF)
FIGURE 1. RECOMMENDED SERIES RESISTOR vs LOAD
CAPACITANCE
Evaluation Board
The performance of the HFA1115 may be evaluated using
the HFA11XX Evaluation Board, slightly modified as follows:
1. 1. Remove the 510Ω feedback resistor (R2), and leave
the connection open.
2. 2. a. For AV = +1 evaluation, remove the 510Ω gain setting resistor (R1), and leave pin 2 floating.
b. For AV = +2, replace the 510Ω gain setting resistor with
a 0Ω resistor to GND.
The layout and modified schematic of the board are shown
in Figure 2.
To order evaluation boards (Part Number HFA11XXEVAL),
please contact your local sales office.
6
General
The HFA1115 features user programmable output clamps to
limit output voltage excursions. Limiting action is obtained by
applying voltages to the VH and VL terminals (pins 8 and 5)
of the amplifier. VH sets the upper output limit, while VL sets
the lower limit level. If the amplifier tries to drive the output
above VH, or below VL, the clamp circuitry limits the output
voltage at VH or VL (± the limit accuracy), respectively. The
low input bias currents of the limit pins allow them to be
driven by simple resistive divider circuits, or active elements
such as amplifiers or DACs.
Limit Circuitry
Figure 3 shows a simplified schematic of the HFA1115 input
stage, and the high limit (VH) circuitry. As with all current
feedback amplifiers, there is a unity gain buffer (QX1 - QX2)
between the positive and negative inputs. This buffer forces
-IN to track +IN, and sets up a slewing current of:
ISLEW = (V-IN - VOUT)/RF + V-IN/RG
HFA1115
V+
QP3
QP4
QN2
QP1
+IN
R1
Z
ILIMIT
VV+
+1
200Ω
QN1
QN5
QP2
QN6
VH
QP6
QN3
V-
50kΩ
QN4
QP5
V-IN
RG = 350Ω
(INTERNAL)
RF = 350Ω
(INTERNAL)
VOUT
-IN
FIGURE 3. HFA1115 SIMPLIFIED VH LIMIT CIRCUITRY
This current is mirrored onto the high impedance node (Z) by
QX3-QX4, where it is converted to a voltage and fed to the
output via another unity gain buffer. If no limiting is utilized,
the high impedance node may swing within the limits defined
by QP4 and QN4. Note that when the output reaches its
quiescent value, the current flowing through -IN is reduced
to only that small current (-IBIAS) required to keep the output
at the final voltage.
Tracing the path from VH to Z illustrates the effect of the limit
voltage on the high impedance node. VH decreases by 2VBE
(QN6 and QP6) to set up the base voltage on QP5. QP5
begins to conduct whenever the high impedance node
reaches a voltage equal to QP5’s base voltage + 2VBE (QP5
and QN5). Thus, QP5 limits node Z whenever Z reaches VH.
R1 provides a pull-up network to ensure functionality with the
limit inputs floating. A similar description applies to the
symmetrical low limit circuitry controlled by VL.
When the output is limited, the negative input continues to
source a slewing current (ILimit) in an attempt to force the
output to the quiescent voltage defined by the input. QP5
must sink this current while limiting, because the -IN current
is always mirrored onto the high impedance node. The
limiting current is calculated as:
ILIMIT = (V-IN - VOUT LIMITED)/RF + V-IN/RG.
As an example, a unity gain circuit with VIN = 2V, and VH = 1V,
would have ILIMIT = (2V - 1V)/350Ω + 2V/∞ = 2.8mA (RG = ∞
because -IN is floated for unity gain applications). Note that ICC
increases by ILIMIT when the output is limited.
Limit Accuracy
The limited output voltage will not be exactly equal to the
voltage applied to VH or VL . Offset errors, mostly due to VBE
mismatches, necessitate a limit accuracy parameter which is
7
found in the device specifications. Limit accuracy is a
function of the limiting conditions. Referring again to Figure
3, it can be seen that one component of limit accuracy is the
VBE mismatch between the QX6 transistors, and the QX5
transistors. If the transistors always ran at the same current
level there would be no VBE mismatch, and no contribution
to the inaccuracy. The QX6 transistors are biased at a
constant current, but as described earlier, the current
through QX5 is equivalent to ILimit . VBE increases as ILIMIT
increases, causing the limited output voltage to increase as
well. ILIMIT is a function of the overdrive level
((AV x VIN - VLIMIT) / VLIMIT), so limit accuracy degrades as
the overdrive increases (see Figures 28 and 29). For
example, accuracy degrades from -20mV to +30mV when
the overdrive increases from 100% to 200% (AV = +2,
VH = 500mV).
Consideration must also be given to the fact that the limit
voltages have an effect on amplifier linearity. The “Linearity
Near Limit Voltage” curves, Figures 30 and 31, illustrate the
impact of several limit levels on linearity.
Limit Range
Unlike some competitor devices, both VH and VL have
usable ranges that cross 0V. While VH must be more
positive than VL, both may be positive or negative, within
the range restrictions indicated in the specifications. For
example, the HFA1115 could be limited to ECL output
levels by setting VH = -0.8V and VL = -1.8V. VH and VL
may be connected to the same voltage (GND for instance)
but the result won’t be a DC output voltage from an AC
input signal. A 150mV - 200mV AC signal will still be
present at the output.
Recovery from Overdrive
The output voltage remains at the limit level as long as the
overdrive condition remains. When the input voltage drops
below the overdrive level (VLIMIT/AV) the amplifier returns to
linear operation. A time delay, known as the Overdrive
Recovery Time, is required for this resumption of linear
operation. Overdrive recovery time is defined as the
difference between the amplifier’s propagation delay exiting
limiting and the amplifier’s normal propagation delay, and it
is a strong function of the overdrive level. Figure 32 details
the overdrive recovery time for various limit and overdrive
levels
Benefits of Output Limiting
The plots of “Pulse Response Without Limiting” and “Pulse
Response With Limiting” (Figures 4 and 5) highlight the
advantages of output limiting. Besides the obvious benefit of
constraining the output swing to a defined range, limiting the
output excursions also keeps the output transistors from
saturating, which prevents unwanted saturation artifacts
from distorting the output signal. Output limiting also takes
advantage of the HFA1115’s ultra-fast overdrive recovery
HFA1115
time, reducing the recovery time from 2.5ns to 0.5ns, based
on the amplifier’s normal propagation delay of 1.2ns.
Typical Performance Curves
VSUPPLY = ±5V, TA = 25oC, RL = 100Ω, Unless Otherwise Specified
AV = +2
AV = +2
2.0
4.0
2.0
3.0
1.5
2.0
0.5
1.0
0
0
-0.5
-1.0
-1.0
-2.0
1.0
OUT
2.0
1.0
0.5
0
0
-1.0
-0.5
-1.0
VH = +2.0V, VL = 0V
TIME (5ns/DIV.)
TIME (5ns/DIV.)
FIGURE 4. PULSE RESPONSE WITHOUT LIMITING
FIGURE 5. PULSE RESPONSE WITH LIMITING
3.0
AV = +2
AV = +2
250
2.5
200
2.0
OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)
OUTPUT VOLTAGE (mV)
300
150
100
50
0
-50
1.5
1.0
0.5
0
-0.5
-100
-1.0
TIME (5ns/DIV.)
FIGURE 6. SMALL SIGNAL POSITIVE PULSE RESPONSE
8
TIME (5ns/DIV.)
FIGURE 7. LARGE SIGNAL POSITIVE PULSE RESPONSE
OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)
INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
OUT
1.0
INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
IN
OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)
IN
1.5
HFA1115
Typical Performance Curves
VSUPPLY = ±5V, TA = 25oC, RL = 100Ω, Unless Otherwise Specified (Continued)
2.0
200
150
1.5
100
1.0
OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)
OUTPUT VOLTAGE (mV)
AV = +2
50
0
-50
-100
-150
FIGURE 8. SMALL SIGNAL BIPOLAR PULSE RESPONSE
-1.0
TIME (5ns/DIV.)
3.0
AV = +1
AV = +1
2.5
200
OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)
OUTPUT VOLTAGE (mV)
-0.5
FIGURE 9. LARGE SIGNAL BIPOLAR PULSE RESPONSE
300
150
100
50
0
-50
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0
-0.5
-100
-1.0
TIME (5ns/DIV.)
FIGURE 10. SMALL SIGNAL POSITIVE PULSE RESPONSE
TIME (5ns/DIV.)
FIGURE 11. LARGE SIGNAL POSITIVE PULSE RESPONSE
200
2.0
AV = +1
AV = +1
1.5
100
OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)
OUTPUT VOLTAGE (mV)
0
-2.0
TIME (5ns/DIV.)
150
0.5
-1.5
-200
250
AV = +2
50
0
-50
-100
-150
1.0
0.5
0
-0.5
-1.0
-1.5
-200
TIME (5ns/DIV.)
FIGURE 12. SMALL SIGNAL BIPOLAR PULSE RESPONSE
9
-2.0
TIME (5ns/DIV.)
FIGURE 13. LARGE SIGNAL BIPOLAR PULSE RESPONSE
HFA1115
Typical Performance Curves
VSUPPLY = ±5V, TA = 25oC, RL = 100Ω, Unless Otherwise Specified (Continued)
3.0
300
250
2.5
200
2.0
OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)
150
100
50
0
-50
AV = -1
1.5
1.0
0.5
0
-0.5
-100
-1.0
TIME (5ns/DIV.)
TIME (5ns/DIV.)
FIGURE 14. SMALL SIGNAL POSITIVE PULSE RESPONSE
FIGURE 15. LARGE SIGNAL POSITIVE PULSE RESPONSE
200
2.0
AV = -1
150
1.5
100
1.0
OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)
OUTPUT VOLTAGE (mV)
AV = -1
50
0
-50
-100
0.5
0
-0.5
-1.0
-1.5
-150
-200
-2.0
TIME (5ns/DIV.)
TIME (5ns/DIV.)
GAIN
0
-3
AV = +2
-6
PHASE
AV = -1
0
90
AV = -1
180
270
AV = +1
AV = +2
1
10
100
FREQUENCY (MHz)
FIGURE 18. FREQUENCY RESPONSE
10
360
1000
FIGURE 17. LARGE SIGNAL BIPOLAR PULSE RESPONSE
NORMALIZED GAIN (dB)
AV = +1
VOUT = 200mVP-P
3
NORMALIZED PHASE (DEGREES)
NORMALIZED GAIN (dB)
FIGURE 16. SMALL SIGNAL BIPOLAR PULSE RESPONSE
AV = +2
3
VOUT = 1VP-P
GAIN
0
-3
VOUT = 2.5VP-P
-6
PHASE
VOUT = 4VP-P
VOUT = 4VP-P
VOUT = 2.5VP-P
VOUT = 1VP-P
0
90
180
270
360
1
10
100
FREQUENCY (MHz)
PHASE (DEGREES)
OUTPUT VOLTAGE (mV)
AV = -1
1000
FIGURE 19. FREQUENCY RESPONSE FOR VARIOUS OUTPUT
VOLTAGES
HFA1115
GAIN (dB)
VOUT = 1VP-P
GAIN
0
VOUT = 2.5VP-P
-3
VOUT = 4VP-P
-6
AV = -1
3
0
-3
VOUT = 2.5VP-P
-6
PHASE
0
90
VOUT = 4VP-P
VOUT = 2.5VP-P
VOUT = 1VP-P
180
270
360
VOUT = 1VP-P
GAIN
PHASE
VOUT = 4VP-P
0
90
VOUT = 4VP-P
VOUT = 2.5VP-P
VOUT = 1VP-P
180
270
360
FREQUENCY (MHz)
10
100
FREQUENCY (MHz)
FIGURE 20. FREQUENCY RESPONSE FOR VARIOUS OUTPUT
VOLTAGES
FIGURE 21. FREQUENCY RESPONSE FOR VARIOUS OUTPUT
VOLTAGES
1
10
100
1
NORMALIZED PHASE (DEGREES)
AV = +1
3
VSUPPLY = ±5V, TA = 25oC, RL = 100Ω, Unless Otherwise Specified (Continued)
PHASE (DEGREES)
GAIN (dB)
Typical Performance Curves
1000
1000
260
250
BANDWIDTH (MHz)
NORMALIZED GAIN (dB)
240
AV = +1, VOUT = 4VP-P
3
0
-3
-6
AV = +2, VOUT = 5VP-P
-9
10
220
AV = -1
AV = +2
210
200
190
AV = -1, VOUT = 5VP-P
1
230
AV = +1
180
100
170
-75
1000
-50
-25
0
FREQUENCY (MHz)
FIGURE 22. FULL POWER BANDWIDTH
75
100
125
-10
-20
0.3
0.2
-40
0.1
AV = -1
0
-0.1
-0.2
-50
-60
AV = +2
-70
AV = +1
-80
AV = +2
-0.3
AV = -1
-30
AV = +1
GAIN (dB)
NORMALIZED GAIN (dB)
50
FIGURE 23. -3dB BANDWIDTH vs TEMPERATURE
VOUT = 200mVP-P
0.4
25
TEMPERATURE (oC)
-90
-0.4
-100
1
10
FREQUENCY (MHz)
FIGURE 24. GAIN FLATNESS
11
100
1
10
100
FREQUENCY (MHz)
FIGURE 25. REVERSE ISOLATION (S12)
1000
HFA1115
Typical Performance Curves
VSUPPLY = ±5V, TA = 25oC, RL = 100Ω, Unless Otherwise Specified (Continued)
0.1
1K
SETTLING ERROR (%)
OUTPUT RESISTANCE (Ω)
AV = +2
100
10
1
0.1
0.01
0.05
0.025
0
-0.025
-0.05
-0.1
0.3
1
10
100
FREQUENCY (MHz)
1000
3
150
AV = +2
VH = +500mV
LIMIT ACCURACY (mV)
LIMIT ACCURACY (mV)
43
53
63
73
83
93 103
AV = +2
VL = -500mV
100
50
VH = +1V
0
-50
VH = +2.0V
-100
0
100
200
VL = -1.0V
50
0
VL = -2.0V
-50
-100
300
400
500
-150
0
100
200
OVERDRIVE (% OF VH)
2.0
2.0
VL = -2V
1.4
1.2
1.0
1.6
VH = +2V
VL = -1V
VH = +1V
0.8
0.6
VL = -500mV
0.4
500
AV = +1
1.8
LINEARITY ERROR (%)
1.6
400
FIGURE 29. VL LIMIT ACCURACY vs OVERDRIVE
AV = +2
1.8
300
OVERDRIVE (% OF VL)
FIGURE 28. VH LIMIT ACCURACY vs OVERDRIVE
LINEARITY ERROR (%)
33
FIGURE 27. SETTLING TIME RESPONSE
100
-150
23
TIME (ns)
FIGURE 26. OUTPUT RESISTANCE
150
13
VH = +500mV
VH = +2V
VL = -2V
1.4
1.2
VL = -1V
1.0
0.8
VH = +1V
VL = -500mV
0.6
VH = +500mV
0.4
0.2
0.2
0
-2.0
-1.5
-1.0
-0.5
0.5
0
AV x VIN (V)
1.0
1.5
FIGURE 30. LINEARITY NEAR LIMIT VOLTAGE
12
2.0
0
-2.0
-1.5
-1.0
-0.5
0
0.5
AV x VIN (V)
1.0
1.5
FIGURE 31. LINEARITY NEAR LIMIT VOLTAGE
2.0
HFA1115
Typical Performance Curves
3.6
AV = +2
VL = -2V
3.5
VH = +2V
3.0
2.5
2.0
VL = -1V
VL = -3V
1.5
VH = +1V
1.0
AV = -1
3.5
OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)
|-VOUT| (RL = 100Ω)
+VOUT (RL = 100Ω)
3.4
3.3
3.2
|-VOUT| (RL = 50Ω)
3.1
+VOUT (RL = 50Ω)
3.0
2.9
2.8
0.5
2.7
VH = +3V
0
0
100
200
300
2.6
-50
400
-25
0
OVERDRIVE (% OF VH OR VL)
FIGURE 32. OVERDRIVE RECOVERY TIME vs OVERDRIVE
2.2
RISE/FALL TIMES (ns)
6.9
6.8
6.7
5.0
5.5
6.0
6.5
FIGURE 34. SUPPLY CURRENT vs SUPPLY VOLTAGE
AV = -1
2.0
1.9
AV = +1
AV = +2
RISE TIMES
1.8
7.0
1.6
-75
-50
-25
0
25
50
AV = +2
75
100
125
TEMPERATURE (oC)
FIGURE 35. RISE AND FALL TIMES vs TEMPERATURE
100
ENI
10
INI
1
1
10
FREQUENCY (kHz)
100
FIGURE 36. INPUT NOISE CHARACTERISTICS
13
AV = -1
AV = +1
100
1
0.1
125
FALL TIMES
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (±V)
10
100
AV = +2
1.7
4.5
75
VOUT = 500mVP-P
2.1
7.0
NOISE VOLTAGE (nV/√ Hz)
SUPPLY CURRENT (mA)
50
FIGURE 33. OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs TEMPERATURE
7.1
4.0
25
TEMPERATURE (oC)
NOISE CURRENT (pA/√ Hz)
OVERDRIVE RECOVERY TIME (ns)
4.0
VSUPPLY = ±5V, TA = 25oC, RL = 100Ω, Unless Otherwise Specified (Continued)
HFA1115
Die Characteristics
DIE DIMENSIONS:
SUBSTRATE POTENTIAL (Powered Up):
59 mils x 58.2 mils x 19 mils
1500μm x 1480μm x 483μm
Floating (Recommend Connection to V-)
PASSIVATION:
METALLIZATION:
Type: Nitride
Thickness: 4kÅ ±0.5kÅ
Type: Metal 1: AICu(2%)/TiW
Thickness: Metal 1: 8kÅ ±0.4kÅ
TRANSISTOR COUNT:
Type: Metal 2: AICu(2%)
Thickness: Metal 2: 16kÅ ±0.8kÅ
89
Metallization Mask Layout
HFA1115
-IN
VH
V+
OUT
+IN
V-
VL
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