PIC16F570 DATA SHEET (05/10/2016) DOWNLOAD

PIC16F570
28-Pin, 8-Bit Flash Microcontroller
Processor Features
eXtreme Low-Power (XLP) Features
• Interrupt Capability
• PIC16F570 Operating Speed:
- DC – 20 MHz Crystal oscillator
- DC – 200 ns Instruction cycle
• High-Endurance Program and Flash Data
Memory Cells:
- 2048 x 12 user execution memory
- 64 x 8 self-writable data memory
- 100,000 write program memory endurance
- 1,000.000 write Flash data memory
endurance
- Program and Flash data retention: >40 years
• General Purpose Registers (SRAM):
- 132 x 8 memory
• Only 36 Single-Word Instructions to Learn:
- Modified baseline CPU
- Added RETURN and RETFIE instructions
- Added MOVLB instruction
• All Instructions are Single-Cycle except for
Program Branches which are Two-Cycle
• Four-Level Deep Hardware Stack
• Direct, Indirect and Relative Addressing modes
for Data and Instructions
• Sleep Mode:
- 50 nA @ 2.0V, typical
• Watchdog Timer:
- 500 nA @ 2.0V, typical
Peripheral Features
• Device Features:
- 24 I/Os
- Individual direction control
- High-current source/sink
• 8-Bit Real-Time Clock/Counter (TMR0) with 8-Bit
Programmable Prescaler
• In-Circuit Serial Programming™ (ICSP™) via Two
External Pin Connections
• Analog Comparator (CMP):
- Two analog comparators
- Absolute and programmable references
• Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC):
- 8-bit resolution
- Eight external input channels
- 0.6V reference input
• Operational Amplifiers (op amps):
- Two operational amplifiers
- Fully-accessible visibility
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
Microcontroller Features
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Brown-out Reset (BOR)
Power-on Reset (POR)
Device Reset Timer (DRT)
Watchdog Timer (WDT) with its own On-Chip RC
Oscillator for Reliable Operation
Programmable Code Protection (CP)
Power-Saving Sleep mode with Wake-up on
Change Feature
Selectable Oscillator Options:
- INTOSC: Precision 4 or 8 MHz internal
oscillator
- EXTRC: Low-cost external RC oscillator
- LP: Power-saving, low-frequency crystal
- XT: Standard crystal/resonator
- HS: High-speed crystal/resonator
- EC: High-speed external clock
Variety of Packaging Options:
- 28-Lead SPDIP, SOIC, SSOP, QFN, UQFN
CMOS Technology
• Low-Power, High-Speed CMOS Flash Technology
• Fully-Static Design
• Wide Operating Voltage and Temperature Range:
- Industrial: 2.0V to 5.5V
- Extended: 2.0V to 5.5V
• Operating Current:
- 175 uA @ 2V, 4 MHz, typical
- 13 uA @ 2V, 32 kHz, typical
• Standby Current:
- 100 nA @ 2V, typical
DS40001684F-page 1
PIC16F570
Flash
Data EE (B)
SRAM (B)
8-Bit ADC
Channels
Op Amp
Comparator
8-Bit Timers
BOR
Stack Levels
Interrupts
8 MHz Int. Osc.
Interrupt-on-Change
Pins
Weak Pull-up Pins
XLP
PIC16F527
(1)
18
1 KW
64
68
8
2
2
1
Y
4
Y
Y
4
4
Y
PIC16F570
(2)
25
2 KW
64
132
8
2
2
1
Y
4
Y
Y
8
8
Y
Device
I/O Pins(1)
PIC16F527 AND PIC16F570 FAMILY TYPES
Data Sheet Index
TABLE 1:
Note 1: One pin is input-only.
Data Sheet Index: (Unshaded devices are described in this document.)
1: DS40001652
PIC16F527 Data Sheet, 20-Pin, 8-bit Flash Microcontroller.
PIC16F570 Data Sheet, 28-Pin, 8-bit Flash Microcontroller.
2: DS40001684
Pin Diagrams
28-PIN SPDIP, SSOP, SOIC
MCLR/VPP
RA0
RA1
RA2
2
3
28
27
RB7/ICSPDAT
26
25
RB5
RB4
24
RB3
23
RB2
22
RB1
21
RB0
VDD
RB6/ICSPCLK
RA3
4
5
RA4
6
RA5
7
VSS
8
RA7
9
RA6
RC0
RC1
10
19
11
12
18
17
RC2
13
16
RC5
RC3
14
15
RC4
20
VSS
RC7
RC6
28-PIN QFN, UQFN
28
27
26
25
24
23
22
RA1
RA0
MCLR/VPP
RB7/ICSPDAT
RB6/ICSPCLK
RB5
RB4
FIGURE 2:
1
PIC16F570
FIGURE 1:
PIC16F570
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
21
20
19
18
17
16
15
RB3
RB2
RB1
RB0
VDD
VSS
RC7
RC0
RC1
RC2
RC3
RC4
RC5
RC6
RA2
RA3
RA4
RA5
VSS
RA7
RA6
DS40001684F-page 2
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC16F570
RA0
2
27
AN0
—
RA1
3
28
AN1
—
RA2
4
1
AN2
CVREF1
RA3
5
2
AN3
RA4
6
3
AN4
RA5
7
4
RA6
10
7
RA7
9
RB0
RB1
Basic
—
Pull-up
—
Interrupt-on-Change
Reference
26
Timers
ADC
1
Op Amp
28-Pin QFN, UQFN
MCLR
Comparator
28-Pin SPDIP, SSOP, SOIC
28-PIN ALLOCATION TABLE
I/O
TABLE 2:
—
—
—
N
Y
—
—
N
N
MCLR
VPP
—
C1IN+
—
—
N
N
—
—
—
—
N
N
—
—
C2IN+
—
—
N
N
—
—
—
—
T0CKI
N
N
—
AN5
—
—
—
—
N
N
—
—
—
—
—
—
N
N
OSC2
CLKOUT
6
—
—
—
—
—
N
N
OSC1
CLKIN
21
18
—
—
—
—
—
Y
Y
—
22
19
—
—
—
—
—
Y
Y
—
RB2
23
20
—
—
—
—
—
Y
Y
—
RB3
24
21
—
—
C1OUT
—
—
Y
Y
—
RB4
25
22
—
—
C2OUT
—
—
Y
Y
—
RB5
26
23
—
—
—
—
—
Y
Y
—
RB6
27
24
—
—
—
—
—
Y
Y
ICSPCLK
RB7
28
25
—
CVREF2
C1IN-
—
—
Y
Y
ICSPDAT
RC0
11
8
—
—
—
—
—
N
N
—
RC1
12
9
AN6
—
—
OP1
—
N
N
—
RC2
13
10
—
—
—
OP1-
—
N
N
—
RC3
14
11
—
—
—
OP1+
—
N
N
—
RC4
15
12
—
—
—
OP2+
—
N
N
—
RC5
16
13
—
—
—
OP2-
—
N
N
—
RC6
17
14
AN7
—
—
OP2
—
N
N
—
RC7
18
15
—
—
C2IN-
—
—
N
N
—
VDD
20
17
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
VDD
Vss
8,
19
5,
16
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
VSS
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS40001684F-page 3
PIC16F570
Table of Contents
1.0 General Description..................................................................................................................................................................... 5
2.0 PIC16F570 Device Varieties...................................................................................... .................................................................. 6
3.0 Architectural Overview ................................................................................................................................................................ 7
4.0 Memory Organization ................................................................................................................................................................ 12
5.0 Self-Writable Flash Data Memory Control ................................................................................................................................. 23
6.0 I/O Port ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 27
7.0 Timer0 Module and TMR0 Register .......................................................................................................................................... 32
8.0 Special Features of the CPU ..................................................................................................................................................... 37
9.0 Analog-to-Digital (A/D) Converter.............................................................................................................................................. 54
10.0 Comparator(s) ........................................................................................................................................................................... 59
11.0 Comparator Voltage Reference Module .................................................................................................................................... 64
12.0 Operational Amplifier (OPA) Module ......................................................................................................................................... 66
13.0 Instruction Set Summary ........................................................................................................................................................... 68
14.0 Development Support................................................................................................................................................................ 76
15.0 Electrical Characteristics ........................................................................................................................................................... 80
16.0 DC and AC Characteristics Graphs and Charts ........................................................................................................................ 97
17.0 Packaging Information............................................................................................................................................................. 111
Appendix............................................................................................................................................................................................ 125
The Microchip Website...................................................................................................................................................................... 126
Customer Change Notification Service ............................................................................................................................................. 126
Customer Support ............................................................................................................................................................................. 126
Product Identification System............................................................................................................................................................ 127
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An errata sheet, describing minor operational differences from the data sheet and recommended workarounds, may exist for current
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DS40001684F-page 4
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC16F570
1.0
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
The PIC16F570 device from Microchip Technology is a
low-cost, high-performance, 8-bit, fully-static, Flashbased CMOS microcontroller. It employs a RISC
architecture with only 36 single-word/single-cycle
instructions. All instructions are single cycle except for
program branches, which take two cycles. The
PIC16F570 device delivers performance an order of
magnitude higher than its competitors in the same price
category. The 12-bit wide instructions are highly
symmetrical, resulting in a typical 2:1 code
compression over other 8-bit microcontrollers in its
class. The easy-to-use and easy to remember
instruction set reduces development time significantly.
The PIC16F570 product is equipped with special
features that reduce system cost and power
requirements. The Power-on Reset (POR), Brown-out
Reset (BOR) and Device Reset Timer (DRT) eliminate
the need for external Reset circuitry. There are several
oscillator configurations to choose from, including
INTRC Internal Oscillator mode and the power-saving
LP (Low-Power) Oscillator mode. Power-Saving Sleep
mode, Watchdog Timer and code protection features
improve system cost, power and reliability.
1.1
Applications
The PIC16F570 device fits in applications ranging from
personal care appliances and security systems to lowpower remote transmitters/receivers. The Flash
technology makes customizing application programs
(transmitter codes, appliance settings, receiver
frequencies, etc.) extremely fast and convenient. The
small footprint packages, for through hole or surface
mounting, make these microcontrollers perfect for
applications with space limitations. Low cost, low
power, high performance, ease of use and I/O flexibility
make the PIC16F570 device very versatile, even in
areas where no microcontroller use has been
considered before (e.g., timer functions, logic and
PLDs in larger systems and co-processor
applications).
The PIC16F570 device is available in the cost-effective
Flash programmable version, which is suitable for
production in any volume. The customer can take full
advantage of Microchip’s price leadership in Flash
programmable microcontrollers, while benefiting from
the Flash programmable flexibility.
The PIC16F570 product is supported by a full-featured
macro assembler, a software simulator, an in-circuit
emulator, a ‘C’ compiler, a low-cost development
programmer and a full-featured programmer. All the
tools are supported on IBM® PC and compatible
machines.
TABLE 1-1:
Clock
Memory
Peripherals
FEATURES AND MEMORY OF PIC16F570
Maximum Frequency of Operation (MHz)
Flash Program Memory
2048
SRAM Data Memory (bytes)
132
Flash Data Memory (bytes)
64
Timer Module(s)
TMR0
Wake-up from Sleep on Pin Change
Yes
I/O Pins
24
Input Pins
Features
20
1
Internal Pull-ups
Yes
In-Circuit Serial ProgrammingTM
Yes
Number of Instructions
36
Packages
28-pin SPDIP, SOIC, SSOP, QFN, UQFN
Interrupts
Yes
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS40001684F-page 5
PIC16F570
2.0
PIC16F570 DEVICE VARIETIES
A variety of packaging options are available.
Depending
on
application
and
production
requirements, the proper device option can be selected
using the information in this section. When placing
orders, please use the PIC16F570 Product
Identification System at the back of this data sheet to
specify the correct part number.
2.1
Quick Turn Programming (QTP)
Devices
2.2
Serialized Quick Turn
ProgrammingSM (SQTPSM) Devices
Microchip offers a unique programming service, where
a few user-defined locations in each device are
programmed with different serial numbers. The serial
numbers may be random, pseudo-random or
sequential.
Serial programming allows each device to have a
unique number, which can serve as an entry code,
password or ID number.
Microchip offers a QTP programming service for
factory production orders. This service is made
available for users who choose not to program
medium-to-high quantity units and whose code
patterns have stabilized. The devices are identical to
the Flash devices but with all Flash locations and fuse
options already programmed by the factory. Certain
code and prototype verification procedures do apply
before production shipments are available. Please
contact your local Microchip Technology sales office for
more details.
DS40001684F-page 6
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC16F570
3.0
ARCHITECTURAL OVERVIEW
The high performance of the PIC16F570 device can
be attributed to a number of architectural features
commonly found in RISC microprocessors. To begin
with, the PIC16F570 device uses a Harvard
architecture in which program and data are accessed
on separate buses. This improves bandwidth over
traditional von Neumann architectures where program
and data are fetched on the same bus. Separating
program and data memory further allows instructions
to be sized differently than the 8-bit wide data word.
Instruction opcodes are 12 bits wide, making it
possible to have all single-word instructions. A 12-bit
wide program memory access bus fetches a 12-bit
instruction in a single cycle. A two-stage pipeline
overlaps fetch and execution of instructions.
Consequently, all instructions execute in a single
cycle (200 ns @ 20 MHz, 1 s @ 4 MHz) except for
program branches.
The PIC16F570 device contains an 8-bit ALU and
working register. The ALU is a general purpose
arithmetic unit. It performs arithmetic and Boolean
functions between data in the working register and any
register file.
The ALU is 8-bit wide and capable of addition,
subtraction, shift and logical operations. Unless
otherwise mentioned, arithmetic operations are two’s
complement in nature. In two-operand instructions, one
operand is typically the W (working) register. The other
operand is either a file register or an immediate
constant. In single operand instructions, the operand is
either the W register or a file register.
The W register is an 8-bit working register used for ALU
operations. It is not an addressable register.
Table 3-1 below lists memory supported by the
PIC16F570 device.
Depending on the instruction executed, the ALU may
affect the values of the Carry (C), Digit Carry (DC) and
Zero (Z) bits in the STATUS register. The C and DC bits
operate as a borrow and digit borrow out bit,
respectively, in subtraction. See the SUBWF and ADDWF
instructions for examples.
TABLE 3-1:
A simplified block diagram is shown in Figure 3-2, with
the corresponding device pins described in Table 3-2.
PIC16F570 MEMORY
Program
Memory
Data Memory
Device
PIC16F570
Flash
(words)
SRAM
(bytes)
Flash
(bytes)
2048
132
64
The PIC16F570 device can directly or indirectly
address its register files and data memory. All Special
Function Registers (SFR), including the PC, are
mapped in the data memory. The PIC16F570 device
has a highly orthogonal (symmetrical) instruction set
that makes it possible to carry out any operation, on
any register, using any Addressing mode. This symmetrical nature and lack of “special optimal situations”
make programming with the PIC16F570 device simple,
yet efficient. In addition, the learning curve is reduced
significantly.
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS40001684F-page 7
PIC16F570
FIGURE 3-1:
PIC16F570 BLOCK DIAGRAM
11
Flash
2K x 12
Self-write
64x8
Program
Memory
STACK2
12
STACK4
RAM Addr
Instruction reg
3
RA0
RA1
RA2
RA3
RA4
RA5
RA6
RA7
9
PORTB
Addr MUX
0-4
Direct Addr
PORTA
RAM
132
bytes
File
Registers
STACK1
STACK3
Program
Bus
8
Data Bus
Program Counter
Direct Addr
BSR
0-7
5-7
RB0
RB1
RB2
RB3
RB4
RB5
RB6/ICSPCLK
RB7/ICSPDAT
Indirect
Addr
FSR reg
STATUS reg
8
PORTC
3
Brown-out
Reset
Instruction
Decode and
Control
Device Reset
Timer
Power-on
Reset
OSC1/CLKIN
OSC2/CLKOUT
Timing
Generation
Watchdog
Timer
Internal RC
Clock
MUX
RC0
RC1
RC2
RC3
RC4
RC5
RC6
RC7
ALU
8
W reg
OPAMP1 and OPAMP2
OP1
OP1OP1+
OP2
OP2OP2+
MCLR/VPP
VDD, VSS
Timer0
Comparator 1
T0CKI
VREF
C2IN+
AN0
Comparator 2
AN1
AN2
AN3
C1IN+
C1INC1OUT
C2INC2OUT
8-bit ADC
AN4
AN5
CVREF
AN6
CVREF1
CVREF2
AN7
VDD
DS40001684F-page 8
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC16F570
TABLE 3-2:
PIC16F570 PINOUT DESCRIPTION
Name
VPP/MCLR
RA0/AN0
RA1/AN1/C1IN+
RA2/AN2/CVREF1
RA3/AN3/C2IN+
RA4/AN4/T0CKI
RA5/AN5
RA7/CLKIN/OSC1
RA6/CLKOUT/OSC2
Function
Input Type
Output Type
Description
VPP
HV
—
Test mode high-voltage pin
MCLR
ST
—
Master Clear (Reset). This pin is an active-low
Reset to the device. Voltage on MCLR/VPP
must not exceed VDD during normal device
operation or the device will enter Programming
mode. Weak pull-up is always on.
RA0
TTL
CMOS
Bidirectional I/O pin
AN0
AN
—
ADC channel input
RA1
TTL
CMOS
Bidirectional I/O pin
AN1
AN
—
ADC channel input
Comparator 1 non-inverting input
C1IN+
AN
—
RA2
TTL
CMOS
AN2
AN
—
ADC channel input
CVREF1
—
AN
Programmable Voltage Reference output 1
RA3
TTL
CMOS
Bidirectional I/O pin
AN3
AN
—
ADC channel input
Comparator 2 non-inverting input
C2IN+
AN
—
RA4
TTL
CMOS
Bidirectional I/O port
Bidirectional I/O pin
AN4
AN
—
ADC channel input
T0CKI
ST
—
Timer0 Schmitt Trigger input pin
RA5
TTL
CMOS
AN5
AN
—
Bidirectional I/O port
ADC channel input
RA7
TTL
CMOS
CLKIN
ST
—
Bidirectional I/O port
OSC1
XTAL
—
RA6
TTL
CMOS
Bidirectional I/O port
CLKOUT
—
CMOS
EXTRC/INTRC CLKOUT pin (FOSC/4)
OSC2
—
XTAL
Oscillator crystal output. Connections to crystal
or resonator in Crystal Oscillator mode (XT, HS
and LP modes only, PORTB in other modes).
EXTRC Schmitt Trigger input
XTAL oscillator input pin
RC0
RC0
ST
CMOS
Bidirectional I/O port
RC1/AN6/OP1
RC1
ST
CMOS
Bidirectional I/O port
RC2/OP1RC3/OP1+
RC4/OP2+
RC5/OP2RC6/AN7/OP2
Legend:
AN6
AN
—
OP1
—
AN
RC2
ST
CMOS
OP1-
AN
—
RC3
ST
CMOS
OP1+
AN
—
RC4
ST
CMOS
OP2+
AN
—
ADC channel input
Op amp 1 output
Bidirectional I/O port
Op amp 1 inverting input
Bidirectional I/O port
Op amp 1 non-inverting input
Bidirectional I/O port
Op amp 2 non-inverting input
RC5
ST
CMOS
OP2-
AN
—
Bidirectional I/O port
RC6
ST
CMOS
AN7
AN
—
ADC channel input
OP2
—
AN
Op amp 2 output
Op amp 2 inverting input
Bidirectional I/O port
I = Input, O = Output, I/O = Input/Output, P = Power, — = Not Used, TTL = TTL input, ST = Schmitt Trigger input,
HV = High Voltage, AN = Analog Voltage
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS40001684F-page 9
PIC16F570
TABLE 3-2:
PIC16F570 PINOUT DESCRIPTION (CONTINUED)
Name
RC7/C2IN-
Function
Input Type
Output Type
Description
RC7
ST
CMOS
C2IN-
AN
—
RB0
RB0
TTL
CMOS
Bidirectional I/O pin. It can be software
programmed for internal weak pull-up and
wake-up from Sleep on pin change.
RB1
RB1
TTL
CMOS
Bidirectional I/O pin. It can be software
programmed for internal weak pull-up and
wake-up from Sleep on pin change.
RB2
RB2
TTL
CMOS
Bidirectional I/O pin. It can be software
programmed for internal weak pull-up and
wake-up from Sleep on pin change.
RB3/C1OUT
RB3
TTL
CMOS
Bidirectional I/O pin. It can be software
programmed for internal weak pull-up and
wake-up from Sleep on pin change.
C1OUT
—
CMOS
Comparator 1 output
RB4
TTL
CMOS
Bidirectional I/O pin. It can be software
programmed for internal weak pull-up and
wake-up from Sleep on pin change.
RB4/C2OUT
Bidirectional I/O port
Comparator 2 inverting input
C2OUT
—
CMOS
Comparator 2 output
RB5
RB5
TTL
CMOS
Bidirectional I/O pin. It can be software
programmed for internal weak pull-up and
wake-up from Sleep on pin change.
RB6/ICSPCLK
RB6
TTL
CMOS
Bidirectional I/O pin. It can be software
programmed for internal weak pull-up and
wake-up from Sleep on pin change.
RB7/ICSPDAT/C1IN-/
CVREF2
ICSPCLK
ST
—
RB7
TTL
CMOS
ICSP™ mode Schmitt Trigger
ICSPDAT
ST
CMOS
ICSP™ mode Schmitt Trigger
C1IN-
AN
—
Comparator 1 inverting input
Programmable Voltage Reference output 2
Bidirectional I/O pin. It can be software
programmed for internal weak pull-up and
wake-up from Sleep on pin change.
CVREF2
—
AN
VDD
VDD
—
P
Positive supply for logic and I/O pins
VSS
VSS
—
P
Ground reference for logic and I/O pins
Legend:
I = Input, O = Output, I/O = Input/Output, P = Power, — = Not Used, TTL = TTL input, ST = Schmitt Trigger input,
HV = High Voltage, AN = Analog Voltage
DS40001684F-page 10
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC16F570
3.1
Clocking Scheme/Instruction
Cycle
3.2
Instruction Flow/Pipelining
An instruction cycle consists of four Q cycles (Q1, Q2,
Q3 and Q4). The instruction fetch and execute are
pipelined such that fetch takes one instruction cycle,
while decode and execute take another instruction
cycle. However, due to the pipelining, each instruction
effectively executes in one cycle. If an instruction
causes the PC to change (e.g., GOTO or an interrupt),
then two cycles are required to complete the instruction
(Example 3-1).
The clock input (OSC1/CLKIN pin) is internally divided
by four to generate four non-overlapping quadrature
clocks, namely Q1, Q2, Q3 and Q4. Internally, the PC
is incremented every Q1 and the instruction is fetched
from program memory and latched into the instruction
register in Q4. It is decoded and executed during the
following Q1 through Q4. The clocks and instruction
execution flow is shown in Figure 3-2 and Example 3-1.
A fetch cycle begins with the PC incrementing in Q1.
In the execution cycle, the fetched instruction is latched
into the Instruction Register (IR) in cycle Q1. This
instruction is then decoded and executed during the
Q2, Q3 and Q4 cycles. Data memory is read during Q2
(operand read) and written during Q4 (destination
write).
FIGURE 3-2:
CLOCK/INSTRUCTION CYCLE
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
OSC1
Q1
Q2
Internal
Phase
Clock
Q3
Q4
PC
PC
PC + 1
Fetch INST (PC)
Execute INST (PC – 1)
EXAMPLE 3-1:
PC + 2
Fetch INST (PC + 1)
Execute INST (PC)
Fetch INST (PC + 2)
Execute INST (PC + 1)
INSTRUCTION PIPELINE FLOW
1. MOVLW 03H
Fetch 1
2. MOVWF PORTB
3. CALL SUB_1
4. BSF PORTB, BIT1
Execute 1
Fetch 2
Execute 2
Fetch 3
Execute 3
Fetch 4
Flush
Fetch SUB_1 Execute SUB_1
All instructions are single cycle, except for any program branches. These take two cycles, since the fetch instruction
is “flushed” from the pipeline, while the new instruction is being fetched and then executed.
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS40001684F-page 11
PIC16F570
4.1
Program Memory Organization for
PIC16F570
The PIC16F570 device has an 11-bit Program Counter
(PC) capable of addressing a 2K x 12 program memory
space. Program memory is partitioned into user memory,
data memory and configuration memory spaces.
The user memory space is the on-chip user program
memory. As shown in Figure 4-1, it extends from 0x000
to 0x7FF and partitions into pages, including an
Interrupt vector at address 0x004 and a Reset vector at
address 0x7FF.
The Configuration memory space extends from 0x840
to 0xFFF. Locations from 0x848 through 0x8AF are
reserved. The user ID locations extend from 0x840
through 0x843. The Backup OSCCAL locations extend
from 0x844 through 0x847. The Configuration Word is
physically located at 0xFFF.
MEMORY MAP
On-chip User
Program
Memory (Page 0)
User Memory
Space
The PIC16F570 memories are organized into program
memory and data memory (SRAM).The self-writable
portion of the program memory called self-writable
Flash data memory is located at addresses 800h-83Fh.
All program mode commands that work on the normal
Flash memory, work on the Flash data memory. This
includes bulk erase, row/column/cycling toggles, Load
and Read data commands (Refer to Section 5.0 “SelfWritable Flash Data Memory Control” for more
details). For devices with more than 512 bytes of
program memory, a paging scheme is used. Program
memory pages are accessed using one STATUS
register bit. For the PIC16F570, with data memory
register files of more than 32 registers, a banking
scheme is used. Data memory banks are accessed
directly using the Bank Select Register (BSR).
FIGURE 4-1:
On-chip User
Program
Memory (Page 1)
On-chip User
Program
Memory (Page 2)
On-chip User
Program
Memory (Page 3)
Data Memory
Space
MEMORY ORGANIZATION
Reset Vector
000h
1FFh
200h
3FFh
400h
5FFh
600h
7FEh
7FFh
800h
Self-writable
Flash Data Memory
User ID Locations
Backup OSCCAL
Locations
Configuration Memory
Space
4.0
83Fh
840h
843h
844h
847h
848h
Reserved
8AFh
8B0h
Unimplemented
FFEh
Configuration Word
FFFh
Refer to “PIC16F570 Memory Programming
Specification” (DS41670) for more details.
DS40001684F-page 12
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC16F570
4.2
Data Memory (SRAM and SFRs)
Data memory is composed of registers or bytes of
SRAM. Therefore, data memory for a device is
specified by its register file. The register file is divided
into two functional groups: Special Function Registers
(SFR) and General Purpose Registers (GPR).
The Special Function Registers are registers used by
the CPU and peripheral functions for controlling
desired operations of the PIC16F570. See Section 4.3
“STATUS Register” for details.
4.2.1
GENERAL PURPOSE REGISTER
FILE
The General Purpose Register file is accessed directly
or indirectly. See Section 4.8 “Direct and Indirect
Addressing”.
4.2.2
SPECIAL FUNCTION REGISTERS
The Special Function Registers (SFRs) are registers
used by the CPU and peripheral functions to control the
operation of the device (Section 4.3 “STATUS
Register”).
The Special Function Registers can be classified into
two sets. The Special Function Registers associated
with the “core” functions are described in this section.
Those related to the operation of the peripheral
features are described in the section for each
peripheral feature.
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS40001684F-page 13
PIC16F570 REGISTER FILE MAP
BSR<2:0>
000
001
20h
File Address
010
011
40h
100
80h
60h
101
A0h
110
C0h
111
E0h
00h
INDF(1)
INDF(1)
INDF(1)
INDF(1)
INDF(1)
INDF(1)
INDF(1)
INDF(1)
01h
TMR0
EECON
TMR0
IW
TMR0
EECON
TMR0
IW
02h
PCL
PCL
PCL
PCL
PCL
PCL
PCL
PCL
03h
STATUS
STATUS
STATUS
STATUS
STATUS
STATUS
STATUS
STATUS
04h
FSR
FSR
FSR
FSR
FSR
FSR
FSR
FSR
05h
OSCCAL
EEDATA
OSCCAL
INTCON1
OSCCAL
EEDATA
OSCCAL
INTCON1
06h
PORTA
EEADR
PORTA
ISTATUS
PORTA
EEADR
PORTA
ISTATUS
07h
PORTB
CM1CON0
PORTB
IFSR
PORTB
CM1CON0
PORTB
IFSR
08h
PORTC
CM2CON0
PORTC
IBSR
PORTC
CM2CON0
PORTC
IBSR
09h
ADCON0
VRCON
ADCON0
OPACON
ADCON0
VRCON
ADCON0
OPACON
0Ah
ADRES
INTCON0
ANSEL
INTCON0
ADRES
INTCON0
ANSEL
INTCON0
ADRES
INTCON0
ANSEL
INTCON0
ADRES
INTCON0
ANSEL
INTCON0
0Bh
0Ch
General
Purpose
Registers
Addresses map back to addresses in Bank 0.
0Fh
2Fh
10h
30h
General
Purpose
Registers
1Fh
4Fh
50h
General
Purpose
Registers
3Fh
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
Bank 0
6Fh
70h
General
Purpose
Registers
5Fh
Bank 1
8Fh
AFh
CFh
EFh
90h
B0h
D0h
F0h
General
Purpose
Registers
7Fh
Bank 2
Note 1: Not a physical register. See Section 4.8 “Direct and Indirect Addressing”.
General
Purpose
Registers
BFh
9Fh
Bank 3
General
Purpose
Registers
Bank 4
General
Purpose
Registers
FFh
DFh
Bank 5
General
Purpose
Registers
Bank 6
Bank 7
PIC16F570
DS40001684F-page 14
FIGURE 4-2:
PIC16F570
TABLE 4-1:
Address
SPECIAL FUNCTION REGISTER SUMMARY
Name
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
Value on
POR/BOR
Value on all
other Resets
Bank 0/4
N/A
W(2)
Working Register (W)
xxxx xxxx
xxxx xxxx
N/A
TRIS
I/O Control Registers (TRISA, TRISB, TRISC)
1111 1111
1111 1111
N/A
OPTION
Contains control bits to configure Timer0 and Timer0/WDT prescaler
1111 1111
1111 1111
N/A
BSR(2)
---- -000
---- -uuu
00h
INDF
Uses contents of FSR to address data memory (not a physical register)
xxxx xxxx
uuuu uuuu
01h
TMR0
Timer0 module Register
xxxx xxxx
uuuu uuuu
02h
PCL(1)
Low-order eight bits of PC
1111 1111
1111 1111
03h
STATUS(2)
04h
FSR(2)
—
—
PA2
PA1
—
PA0
—
—
TO
BSR2
PD
Z
BSR1
DC
BSR0
C
Indirect data memory Address Pointer
0001 1xxx
000q qqqq
xxxx xxxx
uuuu uuuu
05h
OSCCAL
CAL6
CAL5
CAL4
CAL3
CAL2
CAL1
CAL0
—
1111 111-
uuuu uuu-
06h
PORTA
RA7
RA6
RA5
RA4
RA3
RA2
RA1
RA0
xxxx xxxx
uuuu uuuu
07h
PORTB
RB7
RB6
RB5
RB4
RB3
RB2
RB1
RB0
xxxx xxxx
uuuu uuuu
08h
PORTC
RC7
RC6
RC5
RC4
RC3
RC2
RC1
RC0
xxxx xxxx
uuuu uuuu
09h
ADCON0
ADCS1
ADCS0
CHS3
CHS2
CHS1
CHS0
GO/DONE
ADON
1111 1100
1111 1100
0Ah
ADRES
xxxx xxxx
uuuu uuuu
0000 ---0
0000 ---0
0Bh
INTCON0
ADC Conversion Result
ADIF
CWIF
T0IF
—
RBIF
—
—
GIE
Bank 1/5
N/A
W(2)
Working Register (W)
xxxx xxxx
xxxx xxxx
N/A
TRIS
I/O Control Registers (TRISA, TRISB, TRISC)
1111 1111
1111 1111
N/A
OPTION
Contains control bits to configure Timer0 and Timer0/WDT prescaler
1111 1111
1111 1111
N/A
BSR(2)
---- -000
---- -uuu
20h
INDF
21h
EECON
22h
PCL(1)
23h
STATUS(2)
24h
FSR(2)
25h
EEDATA
26h
EEADR
—
—
—
—
—
BSR2
BSR1
BSR0
Uses contents of FSR to address data memory (not a physical register)
—
—
—
FREE
WRERR
WREN
WR
RD
PA0
TO
PD
Z
DC
C
Low-order eight bits of PC
PA2
PA1
xxxx xxxx
uuuu uuuu
---0 0000
---0 0000
1111 1111
1111 1111
0001 1xxx
000q qqqq
Indirect data memory Address Pointer
xxxx xxxx
uuuu uuuu
Self Read/Write Data
xxxx xxxx
uuuu uuuu
--xx xxxx
--uu uuuu
—
—
Self Read/Write Address
27h
CM1CON0
C1OUT
C1OUTEN
C1POL
C1T0CS
C1ON
C1NREF
C1PREF
C1WU
1111 1111
quuu uuuu
28h
CM2CON0
C2OUT
C2OUTEN
C2POL
C2PREF2
C2ON
C2NREF
C2PREF1
C2WU
1111 1111
quuu uuuu
29h
VRCON
VREN
VROE1
VROE2
VRR
VR3
VR2
VR1
VR0
0001 1111
uuuu uuuu
2Ah
ANSEL
ANS7
ANS6
ANS5
ANS4
ANS3
ANS2
ANS1
ANS0
1111 1111
1111 1111
RBIF
—
—
—
GIE
0000 ---0
0000 ---0
2Bh
INTCON0
Legend:
x = unknown, u = unchanged, – = unimplemented, read as ‘0’ (if applicable), q = value depends on condition.
Shaded cells = unimplemented or unused
The upper byte of the Program Counter is not directly accessible. See Section 4.6 “Program Counter” for an explanation of how to access these
bits.
Registers are implemented as two physical registers. When executing from within an ISR, a secondary register is used at the same logical
location. Both registers are persistent. See Section 8.11 “Interrupts”.
These registers show the contents of the registers in the other context: ISR or main line code. See Section 8.11 “Interrupts”.
Note 1:
2:
3:
ADIF
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
CWIF
T0IF
DS40001684F-page 15
PIC16F570
TABLE 4-1:
Address
SPECIAL FUNCTION REGISTER SUMMARY (CONTINUED)
Name
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
Value on
POR/BOR
Value on all
other Resets
Bank 2/6
N/A
W(2)
Working Register (W)
xxxx xxxx
xxxx xxxx
N/A
TRIS
I/O Control Registers (TRISA, TRISB, TRISC)
1111 1111
1111 1111
N/A
OPTION
Contains control bits to configure Timer0 and Timer0/WDT prescaler
1111 1111
1111 1111
N/A
BSR(2)
---- -000
---- -uuu
40h
INDF
Uses contents of FSR to address data memory (not a physical register)
xxxx xxxx
uuuu uuuu
41h
TMR0
Timer0 module Register
xxxx xxxx
uuuu uuuu
42h
PCL(1)
Low-order eight bits of PC
1111 1111
1111 1111
43h
STATUS(2)
44h
FSR(2)
—
PA2
—
PA1
—
PA0
—
TO
—
BSR2
PD
Z
BSR1
DC
BSR0
C
Indirect data memory Address Pointer
0001 1xxx
000q qqqq
xxxx xxxx
uuuu uuuu
45h
OSCCAL
CAL6
CAL5
CAL4
CAL3
CAL2
CAL1
CAL0
—
1111 111-
uuuu uuu-
46h
PORTA
RA7
RA6
RA5
RA4
RA3
RA2
RA1
RA0
xxxx xxxx
uuuu uuuu
47h
PORTB
RB7
RB6
RB5
RB4
RB3
RB2
RB1
RB0
xxxx xxxx
uuuu uuuu
48h
PORTC
RC7
RC6
RC5
RC4
RC3
RC2
RC1
RC0
xxxx xxxx
uuuu uuuu
49h
ADCON0
ADCS1
ADCS0
CHS3
CHS2
CHS1
CHS0
GO/DONE
ADON
1111 1100
1111 1100
4Ah
ADRES
xxxx xxxx
uuuu uuuu
0000 ---0
0000 ---0
4Bh
INTCON0
ADC Conversion Result
ADIF
CWIF
T0IF
RBIF
—
—
—
GIE
Bank 3/7
N/A
W(2)
Working Register (W)
xxxx xxxx
xxxx xxxx
N/A
TRIS
I/O Control Registers (TRISA, TRISB, TRISC)
1111 1111
1111 1111
N/A
OPTION
Contains control bits to configure Timer0 and Timer0/WDT prescaler
1111 1111
1111 1111
N/A
BSR(2)
---- -000
---- -0uu
60h
INDF
Uses contents of FSR to address data memory (not a physical register)
xxxx xxxx
uuuu uuuu
61h
IW(3)
Interrupt Working Register. (Addressed also as W register when within ISR)
xxxx xxxx
xxxx xxxx
62h
PCL(1)
Low-order eight bits of PC
1111 1111
1111 1111
63h
STATUS(2)
64h
FSR(2)
65h
INTCON1
ADIE
CWIE
T0IE
RBIE
—
—
—
66h
ISTATUS(3)
PA2
PA1
PA0
TO
PD
Z
DC
(3)
—
PA2
—
PA1
—
PA0
—
TO
—
PD
BSR2
Z
BSR1
DC
BSR0
C
0001 1xxx
000q qqqq
xxxx xxxx
uuuu uuuu
WUR
0000 ---0
0000 ---0
C
xxxx xxxx
000q qqqq
xxxx xxxx
uuuu uuuu
Indirect data memory Address Pointer
Indirect data memory Address Pointer
67h
IFSR
68h
IBSR(3)
—
—
—
—
—
BSR2
BSR1
BSR0
---- -xxx
---- -uuu
69h
OPACON
—
—
—
—
—
—
OPA2ON
OPA1ON
---- --00
---- --00
6Ah
ANSEL
ANS7
ANS6
ANS5
ANS4
ANS3
ANS2
ANS1
ANS0
1111 1111
1111 1111
6Bh
INTCON0
ADIF
CWIF
T0IF
RBIF
—
—
—
GIE
0000 ---0
0000 ---0
Legend:
x = unknown, u = unchanged, – = unimplemented, read as ‘0’ (if applicable), q = value depends on condition.
Shaded cells = unimplemented or unused
The upper byte of the Program Counter is not directly accessible. See Section 4.6 “Program Counter” for an explanation of how to access these
bits.
Registers are implemented as two physical registers. When executing from within an ISR, a secondary register is used at the same logical
location. Both registers are persistent. See Section 8.11 “Interrupts”.
These registers show the contents of the registers in the other context: ISR or main line code. See Section 8.11 “Interrupts”.
Note 1:
2:
3:
DS40001684F-page 16
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC16F570
4.3
STATUS Register
This register contains the arithmetic status of the ALU,
the Reset status and the page preselect bit.
The STATUS register can be the destination for any
instruction, as with any other register. If the STATUS
register is the destination for an instruction that affects
the Z, DC or C bits, then the write to these three bits is
disabled. These bits are set or cleared according to the
device logic. Furthermore, the TO and PD bits are not
writable. Therefore, the result of an instruction with the
STATUS register as destination may be different than
intended.
REGISTER 4-1:
For example, CLRF STATUS, will clear the upper three
bits and set the Z bit. This leaves the STATUS register
as 000u u1uu (where u = unchanged).
Therefore, it is recommended that only BCF, BSF and
MOVWF instructions be used to alter the STATUS
register. These instructions do not affect the Z, DC or C
bits from the STATUS register. For other instructions
which do affect Status bits, see Section 13.0
“Instruction Set Summary”.
STATUS: STATUS REGISTER
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R-1
R-1
R/W-x
R/W-x
R/W-x
PA2
PA1
PA0
TO
PD
Z
DC
C
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
x = Bit is unknown
bit 7-5
PA<2:0>: Program Page Preselect bits
x00 = Page 0 (000h-1FFh)
x01 = Page 1 (200h-3FFh)
x10 = Page 2 (400h-5FFh)
x11 = Page 3 (600h-7FFh)
bit 4
TO: Time-out bit
1 = After power-up, CLRWDT instruction, or SLEEP instruction
0 = A WDT time-out occurred
bit 3
PD: Power-Down bit
1 = After power-up or by the CLRWDT instruction
0 = By execution of the SLEEP instruction
bit 2
Z: Zero bit
1 = The result of an arithmetic or logic operation is zero
0 = The result of an arithmetic or logic operation is not zero
bit 1
DC: Digit carry/borrow bit (for ADDWF and SUBWF instructions)
ADDWF:
1 = A carry from the 4th low-order bit of the result occurred
0 = A carry from the 4th low-order bit of the result did not occur
SUBWF:
1 = A borrow from the 4th low-order bit of the result did not occur
0 = A borrow from the 4th low-order bit of the result occurred
bit 0
C: Carry/borrow bit (for ADDWF, SUBWF and RRF, RLF instructions)
ADDWF: SUBWF: RRF or RLF:
1 = A carry occurred 1 = A borrow did not occur; Load bit with LSb or MSb, respectively
0 = A carry did not occur 0 = A borrow occurred
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS40001684F-page 17
PIC16F570
4.4
OPTION Register
The OPTION register is an 8-bit wide, write-only
register, which contains various control bits to configure
the Timer0/WDT prescaler and Timer0.
Note:
By executing the OPTION instruction, the contents of
the W register will be transferred to the OPTION
register. A Reset sets the OPTION <7:0> bits.
REGISTER 4-2:
If TRIS bit is set to ‘0’, the wake-up on
change and pull-up functions are disabled
for that pin (i.e., note that TRIS overrides
Option control of RBPU and RBWU).
OPTION: OPTION REGISTER
W-1
W-1
W-1
W-1
W-1
W-1
W-1
W-1
RBWU(2)
RBPU
T0CS(1)
T0SE
PSA
PS2
PS1
PS0
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
bit 7
RBWU: Enable PORTB Interrupt Flag on Pin Change bit(2)
1 = Disabled
0 = Enabled
bit 6
RBPU: Enable PORTB Weak Pull-Ups bit
1 = Disabled
0 = Enabled
bit 5
T0CS: Timer0 Clock Source Select bit(1)
1 = Transition on T0CKI pin
0 = Internal instruction cycle clock (CLKOUT)
bit 4
T0SE: Timer0 Source Edge Select bit
1 = Increment on high-to-low transition on T0CKI pin
0 = Increment on low-to-high transition on T0CKI pin
bit 3
PSA: Prescaler Assignment bit
1 = Prescaler assigned to the WDT
0 = Prescaler assigned to Timer0
bit 2-0
PS<2:0>: Prescaler Rate Select bits
Note 1:
2:
Bit Value
Timer0 Rate
WDT Rate
000
001
010
011
100
101
110
111
1:2
1:4
1:8
1 : 16
1 : 32
1 : 64
1 : 128
1 : 256
1:1
1:2
1:4
1:8
1 : 16
1 : 32
1 : 64
1 : 128
x = Bit is unknown
If the T0CS bit is set to ‘1’, it will override the TRIS function on the T0CKI pin.
The RBWU bit of the OPTION register must be cleared to enable the RBIF function in the INTCON0
register.
DS40001684F-page 18
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC16F570
4.5
OSCCAL Register
The Oscillator Calibration (OSCCAL) register is used
to calibrate the 8 MHz internal oscillator macro. It
contains seven bits of calibration that uses a two’s
complement scheme for controlling the oscillator speed.
See Register 4-3 for details.
REGISTER 4-3:
OSCCAL: OSCILLATOR CALIBRATION REGISTER
R/W-1
R/W-1
R/W-1
R/W-1
R/W-1
R/W-1
R/W-1
U-0
CAL6
CAL5
CAL4
CAL3
CAL2
CAL1
CAL0
—
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
bit 7-1
CAL<6:0>: Oscillator Calibration bits
0111111 = Maximum frequency
•
•
•
0000001
0000000 = Center frequency
1111111
•
•
•
1000000 = Minimum frequency
bit 0
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
x = Bit is unknown
DS40001684F-page 19
PIC16F570
4.6
4.6.1
Program Counter
EFFECTS OF RESET
As a program instruction is executed, the Program
Counter (PC) will contain the address of the next
program instruction to be executed. The PC value is
increased by one every instruction cycle, unless an
instruction changes the PC.
The PC is set upon a Reset, which means that the PC
addresses the last location in the last page (i.e., the
oscillator calibration instruction). After executing
MOVLW XX, the PC will roll over to location 00h and
begin executing user code.
For a GOTO instruction, bits <8:0> of the PC are
provided by the GOTO instruction word. The Program
Counter (PCL) is mapped to PC<7:0>. Bits 5 and 6 of
the STATUS register provide page information to bits 9
and 10 of the PC (Figure 4-3).
The STATUS register page preselect bits are cleared
upon a Reset, which means that page 0 is pre-selected.
For a CALL instruction, or any instruction where the
PCL is the destination, bits <7:0> of the PC again are
provided by the instruction word. However, PC<8>
does not come from the instruction word, but is always
cleared (Figure 4-3).
Instructions where the PCL is the destination, or modify
PCL instructions, include MOVWF PCL, ADDWF PCL
and BSF PCL,5.
Note:
Because bit 8 of the PC is cleared in the
CALL instruction or any modify PCL
instruction, all subroutine calls or computed jumps are limited to the first 256
locations of any program memory page
(512 words long).
FIGURE 4-3:
LOADING OF PC
BRANCH INSTRUCTIONS
GOTO Instruction
10 9 8 7
PC
0
PCL
Instruction Word
PA1
PA0
7
Status
CALL or Modify PCL Instruction
10 9 8 7
4.7
Stack
The PIC16F570 device has a 4-deep, 12-bit wide
hardware PUSH/POP stack.
A CALL instruction or an interrupt will PUSH the current
PC value, incremented by one, into Stack Level 1. If there
was a previous value in the Stack 1 location, it will be
pushed into the Stack 2 location. This process will be
continued throughout the remaining stack locations
populated with values. If more than four sequential
CALLs are executed, only the most recent four return
addresses are stored.
A RETLW, RETURN or RETFIE instruction will POP
the contents of Stack Level 1 into the PC. If there was
a previous value in the Stack 2 location, it will be copied
into the Stack Level 1 location. This process will be continued throughout the remaining stack locations populated with values. If more than four sequential RETLWs
are executed, the stack will be filled with the address
previously stored in Stack Level 4. Note that the
W register will be loaded with the literal value specified
in the instruction. This is particularly useful for the
implementation of data look-up tables within the
program memory.
Note 1: There are no Status bits to indicate Stack
Overflows or Stack Underflow conditions.
0
PC
Therefore, upon a Reset, a GOTO instruction will
automatically cause the program to jump to page 0 until
the value of the page bits is altered.
0
2: There are no instruction mnemonics
called PUSH or POP. These are actions
that occur from the execution of the
CALL, RETURN, RETFIE and RETLW
instructions.
PCL
PA1
7
Instruction Word
Reset to ‘0’
PA0
0
Status
DS40001684F-page 20
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PIC16F570
4.8
4.8.1
Direct and Indirect Addressing
DIRECT DATA ADDRESSING: BSR
REGISTER
Traditional data memory addressing is performed in
the Direct Addressing mode. In Direct Addressing, the
Bank Select Register bits BSR<2:0>, in the new BSR
register, are used to select the data memory bank. The
address location within that bank comes directly from
the opcode being executed.
BSR<2:0> are the bank select bits and are used to
select the bank to be addressed (000 = Bank 0, 001 =
Bank 1, 010 = Bank 2, 011 = Bank 3, 100 = Bank 4,
etc.).
A new instruction supports the addition of the BSR
register, called the MOVLB instruction. See
Section 13.0 “Instruction Set Summary” for more
information.
4.8.2
INDIRECT DATA ADDRESSING:
INDF AND FSR REGISTERS
The INDF register is not a physical register.
Addressing INDF actually addresses the register
whose address is contained in the FSR register (FSR
is a pointer). This is indirect addressing.
Reading INDF itself indirectly (FSR = 0) will produce
00h. Writing to the INDF register indirectly results in a
no-operation (although Status bits may be affected).
The FSR is an 8-bit wide register. It is used in
conjunction with the INDF register to indirectly address
the data memory area.
The FSR<7:0> bits are used to select data memory
addresses 00h to 1Fh.
A simple program to clear RAM locations 10h-1Fh
using indirect addressing is shown in Example 4-1.
EXAMPLE 4-1:
NEXT
MOVLW
MOVWF
CLRF
INCF
BTFSC
GOTO
CONTINUE
:
:
HOW TO CLEAR RAM
USING INDIRECT
ADDRESSING
0x10
FSR
INDF
FSR,F
FSR,4
NEXT
;initialize pointer
;to RAM
;clear INDF
;register
;inc pointer
;all done?
;NO, clear next
;YES, continue
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS40001684F-page 21
PIC16F570
FIGURE 4-4:
DIRECT/INDIRECT ADDRESSING
Direct Addressing
2
1
Bank Select
Indirect Addressing
(FSR)
(opcode)
(BSR)
4
0
3
2
1
0
7
5
4
3
2
1
0
Location Select
Location Select
000
Data
Memory(1)
6
001
111
00h
20h
E0h
0Bh
0Ch
2Bh
EBh
2Ch
ECh
Addresses map back to
addresses in Bank 0.
0Fh
10h
2Fh
EFh
30h
F0h
1Fh
3Fh
FFh
Bank 0
Bank 1
Bank 7
Note 1: For register map detail see Figure 4-2.
DS40001684F-page 22
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PIC16F570
5.0
SELF-WRITABLE FLASH DATA
MEMORY CONTROL
Flash data memory consists of 64 bytes of selfwritable memory and supports a self-write capability
that can write four bytes of memory at one time. Data
to be written to the self-writable data memory is first
written into four write latches before writing the data to
Flash memory.
Although each Flash data memory location is 12 bits
wide, access is limited to the lower eight bits. The
upper four bits will automatically default to ‘1’ in any
self-write procedure. The lower eight bits are fully
readable and writable during normal operation and
throughout the full VDD range.
The self-writable Flash data memory is not directly
mapped in the register file space. Instead, it is
indirectly addressed through the Special Function
Registers, EECON, EEDATA and EEADR.
Note 1: To prevent accidental corruption of the
Flash data memory, an unlock sequence
is required to initiate a write or erase
cycle. This sequence requires that the bit
set instructions used to configure the
EECON register happen exactly as
shown in Example 5-2 and Example 5-3,
depending on the operation requested.
2: In order to prevent any disruptions of selfwrites or row erases performed on the
self-writable
Flash
data
memory,
interrupts should be disabled prior to
executing those routines.
5.1.1
A row must be manually erased before writing new
data. The following sequence must be performed for a
single row erase.
1.
5.1
Reading Flash Data Memory
To read a Flash data memory location the user must:
• Write the EEADR register
• Set the RD bit of the EECON register
The value written to the EEADR register determines
which Flash data memory location is read. Setting the
RD bit of the EECON register initiates the read. Data
from the Flash data memory read is available in the
EEDATA register immediately. The EEDATA register
will hold this value until another read is initiated or it is
modified by a write operation. Program execution is
suspended while the read cycle is in progress.
Execution will continue with the instruction following the
one that sets the WR bit. See Example 5-1 for sample
code.
EXAMPLE 5-1:
READING FROM FLASH
DATA MEMORY
MOVLB
0x01
MOVF
DATA_EE_ADDR,W ;
; Switch to Bank 1
MOVWF
EEADR
ERASING FLASH DATA MEMORY
2.
3.
4.
5.
Load EEADR with an address in the row to be
erased.
Set the FREE bit to enable the erase.
Set the WREN bit to enable write access to the
array.
Disable interrupts.
Set the WR bit to initiate the erase cycle.
If the WREN bit is not set in the instruction cycle after
the FREE bit is set, the FREE bit will be cleared in
hardware.
If the WR bit is not set in the instruction cycle after the
WREN bit is set, the WREN bit will be cleared in
hardware.
Sample code that follows this procedure is included in
Example 5-2.
Program execution is suspended while the erase cycle
is in progress. Execution will continue with the
instruction following the one that sets the WR bit.
EXAMPLE 5-2:
ERASING A FLASH DATA
MEMORY ROW
; Data Memory
; Address to read
BSF
EECON, RD
; EE Read
MOVF
EEDATA, W
; W = EEDATA
Note: Only a BSF command will work to enable
the Flash data memory read documented in
Example 5-1. No other sequence of
commands will work, no exceptions.
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
MOVLB
0x01
; Switch to Bank 1
MOVLW
EE_ADR_ERASE
; LOAD ADDRESS OF ROW TO
MOVWF
EEADR
;
BSF
EECON,FREE
; SELECT ERASE
BSF
EECON,WREN
; ENABLE WRITES
BSF
EECON,WR
; INITITATE ERASE
; ERASE
DS40001684F-page 23
PIC16F570
EXAMPLE 5-3:
Note 1: The FREE bit may be set by any
command normally used by the core.
However, the WREN and WR bits can
only be set using a series of BSF commands, as documented in Example 5-1.
No other sequence of commands will
work, no exceptions.
MOVLB 0x01
MOVLW 0x04
MOVWF LoopCount
WRITE_LOOP
MOVLW EE_ADR_WRITE
MOVWF
2: Bits <5:3> of the EEADR register indicate
which row is to be erased.
5.1.2
MOVLW
MOVWF
WRITING TO FLASH DATA
MEMORY
BSF
BSF
BTFSC
GOTO
Once a cell is erased, new data can be written.
Program execution is suspended during the write cycle.
The self-write operation writes four bytes of data at one
time. The data must first be loaded into four write
latches. Once the write latches are loaded, the data will
be written to Flash data memory.
The self-write sequence is shown below.
The following self-write sequence must be performed
for four bytes to be written.
1.
2.
3.
Load EEADR with the address.
Load EEDATA with the data to be written.
Set the WREN bit to enable write access to the
array.
4. Disable interrupts.
5. Set the WR bit to load the data into the write
latch.
6. Steps 1 through 5 are repeated three more times
to load the remaining write latches.
On the fourth and final loop, the EEADR register will
contain an address in the format of b’00xxxx11.
When the WR bit is set for the final time, the processor
will recognize that this is the last write latch to be
loaded, and will automatically load the write latch and
then, immediately perform the Flash data memory
write of all four bytes.
The specific sequence of setting the WREN bit and
setting the WR bit must be executed to properly initiate
each load of the write latches and the write to Flash
data memory.
If the WR bit is not set in the instruction cycle after the
WREN bit is set, the WREN bit will be cleared in
hardware.
WRITING TO FLASH DATA
MEMORY
;SWITCH TO BANK 1
;LOAD 4 DATA BYTES
;WRITE LOOP
;VARIABLE STORED
;LOAD ADDRESS TO
;WRITE
EEADR
;INTO EEADR
;REGISTER
EE_DATA_TO_WRITE;LOAD DATA TO
EEDATA
;INTO EEDATA
;REGISTER
EECON,WREN
;ENABLE WRITES
EECON,WR
;LOAD WRITE LATCH
LoopCount
;TEST IF 4th BYTE
WRITE_LOOP
;
;WRITE IS DONE
;
Note 1: Only a series of BSF commands will work
to enable the memory write sequence
documented in Example 5-3. No other
sequence of commands will work, no
exceptions.
2: For reads, erases and writes to the Flash
data memory, there is no need to insert a
NOP into the user code as is done on midrange
devices.
The
instruction
immediately
following
the
“BSF
EECON,WR/RD” will be fetched and
executed properly.
5.2
Write/Verify
Depending on the application, good programming
practice may dictate that data written to the Flash data
memory be verified. Example 5-4 is an example of a
write/verify.
EXAMPLE 5-4:
WRITE/VERIFY OF FLASH
DATA MEMORY
MOVF
EEDATA, W
;EEDATA has not changed
BSF
EECON, RD
;Read the value written
XORWF
EEDATA, W
;
BTFSS
STATUS, Z
;Is data the same
GOTO
WRITE_ERR
;No, handle error
;from previous write
;Yes, continue
Sample code that follows this procedure is included in
Example 5-3.
DS40001684F-page 24
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PIC16F570
5.3
Register Definitions — Memory Control
REGISTER 5-1:
EEDATA: FLASH DATA REGISTER
R/W-x
R/W-x
R/W-x
R/W-x
R/W-x
R/W-x
R/W-x
R/W-x
EEDATA7
EEDATA6
EEDATA5
EEDATA4
EEDATA3
EEDATA2
EEDATA1
EEDATA0
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
bit 7-0
x = Bit is unknown
EEDATA<7:0>: Eight bits of data to be read from/written to data Flash
REGISTER 5-2:
EEADR: FLASH ADDRESS REGISTER
U-0
U-0
R/W-x
R/W-x
R/W-x
R/W-x
R/W-x
R/W-x
—
—
EEADR5
EEADR4
EEADR3
EEADR2
EEADR1
EEADR0
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
bit 7-6
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’.
bit 5-0
EEADR<5:0>: Six bits of data to be read from/written to data Flash
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
x = Bit is unknown
DS40001684F-page 25
PIC16F570
REGISTER 5-3:
EECON: FLASH CONTROL REGISTER
U-0
U-0
U-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
—
—
—
FREE
WRERR
WREN
WR
RD
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
S = Bit can only be set
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
x = Bit is unknown
bit 7-5
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’.
bit 4
FREE: Flash Data Memory Row Erase Enable bit
1 = Program memory row being pointed to by EEADR will be erased on the next write cycle. No write
will be performed. This bit is cleared at the completion of the erase operation.
0 = Perform write only
bit 3
WRERR: Write Error Flag bit
1 = A write operation terminated prematurely (by device Reset)
0 = Write operation completed successfully
bit 2
WREN: Write Enable bit
1 = Allows write cycle to Flash data memory
0 = Inhibits write cycle to Flash data memory
bit 1
WR: Write Control bit
1 = Initiate a erase or write cycle
0 = Write/Erase cycle is complete
bit 0
RD: Read Control bit
1 = Initiate a read of Flash data memory
0 = Do not read Flash data memory
5.4
Code Protection
Code protection does not prevent the CPU from
performing read or write operations on the Flash data
memory. Refer to the code protection chapter for more
information.
DS40001684F-page 26
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PIC16F570
6.0
I/O PORT
As with any other register, the I/O register(s) can be
written and read under program control. However, read
instructions (e.g., MOVF PORTB,W) always read the I/O
pins independent of the pin’s Input/Output modes. On
Reset, all I/O ports are defined as input (inputs are at highimpedance) since the I/O control registers are all set.
6.1
PORTA
PORTA is an 8-bit I/O register. The Configuration
Word can set several I/Os to alternate functions. When
acting as alternate functions, the pins will read as ‘0’
during a port read.
6.2
PORTB
PORTB is an 8-bit I/O register. The PORTB pins can be
configured with weak pull-ups and also for wake-up on
change.
6.3
PORTC
PORTC is an 8-bit I/O register.
6.4
TRIS Register
The Output Driver Control register is loaded with the
contents of the W register by executing the TRIS
instruction. A ‘1’ from a TRIS register bit puts the
corresponding output driver in a High-Impedance
mode. A ‘0’ puts the contents of the output data latch
on the selected pins, enabling the output buffer. The
only exception is the T0CKI pin, which may be
controlled by the OPTION register (see Register 4-2).
TRIS registers are “write-only”. Active bits in these
registers are set (output drivers disabled) upon Reset.
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS40001684F-page 27
PIC16F570
6.5
I/O Interfacing
The equivalent circuit for an I/O port pin is shown in
Figure 6-1. All port pins, except the MCLR pin which is
input-only, may be used for both input and output
operations. For input operations, these ports are nonlatching. Any input must be present until read by an
input instruction (e.g., MOVF PORTB, W). The outputs
are latched and remain unchanged until the output
latch is rewritten. To use a port pin as output, the
corresponding direction control bit in TRIS must be
cleared (= 0). For use as an input, the corresponding
TRIS bit must be set. Any I/O pin (except MCLR) can
be programmed individually as input or output.
FIGURE 6-1:
BLOCK DIAGRAM OF I/O
PIN (Example shown of
RB7 with Weak Pull-up
and Wake-up on Change)
RxPU
Data
Bus
D
Q
Data
Latch
WR
Port
I/O Pin(1)
Q
CK
W
Reg
D
Q
TRIS
Latch
TRIS ‘f’
Q
CK
Reset
CVREF2 pin Ebl
COMP pin Ebl
(2)
(2)
RD Port
Q
D
CK
Pin Change
CVREF2
COMP
Note 1:
2:
DS40001684F-page 28
I/O pins have protection diodes to VDD and
VSS.
Pin enabled
comparator.
as
analog
for
CVREF or
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC16F570
6.6
Register Definitions — PORT Control
REGISTER 6-1:
PORTA: PORTA REGISTER
R/W-x
R/W-x
R/W-x
R/W-x
R/W-x
R/W-x
R/W-x
R/W-x
RA7
RA6
RA5
RA4
RA3
RA2
RA1
RA0
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
bit 7-0
x = Bit is unknown
RA<7:0>: PORTA I/O Pin bits
1 = Port pin is >VIH min.
0 = Port pin is <VIL max.
TABLE 6-1:
PORTA PINS ORDER OF PRECEDENCE
Priority
RA7
RA6
RA5
RA4
RA3
RA2
RA1
RA0
1
OSC1
OSC2
AN5
AN4
C2IN+
CVREF1
C1IN+
AN0
2
CLKIN
CLKOUT
TRISA5
T0CKI
AN3
AN2
AN1
TRISA0
3
TRISA7
TRISA6
—
TRISA4
TRISA3
TRISA2
TRISA1
—
REGISTER 6-2:
PORTB: PORTB REGISTER
R/W-x
R/W-x
R/W-x
R/W-x
R/W-x
R/W-x
R/W-x
R/W-x
RB7
RB6
RB5
RB4
RB3
RB2
RB1
RB0
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
bit 7-0
TABLE 6-2:
x = Bit is unknown
RB<7:0>: PORTB I/O Pin bits
1 = Port pin is >VIH min.
0 = Port pin is <VIL max.
PORTB PINS ORDER OF PRECEDENCE
Priority
RB7
RB6
RB5
1
ICSPDAT
ICSPCLK
TRISB5
2
CVREF2
TRISB6
—
3
C1IN-
—
—
4
TRISB7
—
—
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
RB4
RB3
RB2
RB1
RB0
C2OUT
C1OUT
TRISB2
TRISB1
TRISB0
TRISB4
TRISB3
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
DS40001684F-page 29
PIC16F570
REGISTER 6-3:
PORTC: PORTC REGISTER
R/W-x
R/W-x
R/W-x
R/W-x
R/W-x
R/W-x
R/W-x
R/W-x
RC7
RC6
RC5
RC4
RC3
RC2
RC1
RC0
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
bit 7-0
x = Bit is unknown
RC<7:0>: PORTC I/O Pin bits
1 = Port pin is >VIH min.
0 = Port pin is <VIL max.
TABLE 6-3:
PORTC PINS ORDER OF PRECEDENCE
Priority
RC7
RC6
1
C2IN-
OP2
OP2-
OP2+
2
TRISC7
—
AN7
TRISC5
—
TRISC4
—
3
REGISTER 6-4:
RC5
TRISC6
RC4
RC3
RC2
RC1
RC0
OP1+
OP1-
OP1
TRISC0
TRISC3
—
TRISC2
—
AN6
TRISC1
—
—
ANSEL REGISTER
R/W-1
R/W-1
R/W-1
R/W-1
R/W-1
R/W-1
R/W-1
R/W-1
ANS7
ANS6
ANS5
ANS4
ANS3
ANS2
ANS1
ANS0
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
x = Bit is unknown
ANS<7:0>: ADC Analog Input Pin Select bits(1,2)
0 = Analog function on selected ANx pin is disabled
1 = ANx configured as an analog input
bit 7-0
Note 1: When the ANSx bits are set, the channels selected will automatically be forced into Analog mode,
regardless of the pin function previously defined, and the digital output drivers and input buffers will be also
disabled. Exceptions exist when there is more than one analog function active on the ANx pin. It is the
user’s responsibility to ensure that the ADC loading on the other analog functions does not affect their
application.
2: The ANS<7:0> bits are active regardless of the condition of ADON.
TABLE 6-4:
Address
REGISTERS ASSOCIATED WITH THE I/O PORTS
Name
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
RA2
RA1
RA0
Value on
Power-On
Reset
Value on
MCLR and
WDT Reset
1111 1111
1111 1111
xxxx xxxx
uuuu uuuu
N/A
TRIS
06h
PORTA
07h
PORTB
RB7
RB6
RB5
RB4
RB3
RB2
RB1
RB0
xxxx xxxx
uuuu uuuu
08h
PORTC
RC7
RC6
RC5
RC4
RC3
RC2
RC1
RC0
xxxx xxxx
uuuu uuuu
Legend:
I/O Control Registers (TRISA, TRISB, TRISC)
RA7
RA6
RA5
RA4
RA3
x = unknown, u = unchanged, — = unimplemented, read as ‘0’, Shaded cells = unimplemented, read as ‘0’
DS40001684F-page 30
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC16F570
6.7
EXAMPLE 6-1:
I/O Programming Considerations
6.7.1
BIDIRECTIONAL I/O PORTS
Some instructions operate internally as read followed
by write operations. The BCF and BSF instructions, for
example, read the entire port into the CPU, execute the
bit operation and rewrite the result. Caution must be
used when these instructions are applied to a port
where one or more pins are used as input/outputs. For
example, a BSF operation on bit 5 of PORTB will cause
all eight bits of PORTB to be read into the CPU, bit 5 to
be set and the PORTB value to be written to the output
latches. If another bit of PORTB is used as a
bidirectional I/O pin (say bit 0) and it is defined as an
input at this time, the input signal present on the pin
itself would be read into the CPU and rewritten to the
data latch of this particular pin, overwriting the previous
content. As long as the pin stays in the Input mode, no
problem occurs. However, if bit 0 is switched into
Output mode later on, the content of the data latch may
now be unknown.
;Initial PORTB Settings
;PORTB<5:3> Inputs
;PORTB<2:0> Outputs
;
;
PORTB latch PORTB pins
;
-------------------BCF
PORTB, 5
;--01 -ppp--11 pppp
BCF
PORTB, 4
;--10 -ppp--11 pppp
MOVLW
007h
;
TRIS
PORTB
;--10 -ppp--11 pppp
;
Note 1: The user may have expected the pin values to
be ‘--00 pppp’. The 2nd BCF caused RB5 to
be latched as the pin value (High).
6.7.2
A pin actively outputting a high or a low should not be
driven from external devices at the same time in order
to change the level on this pin (“wired OR”, “wired
AND”). The resulting high output currents may damage
the chip.
SUCCESSIVE I/O OPERATION
Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4
PC
Instruction
Fetched
SUCCESSIVE OPERATIONS ON
I/O PORTS
The actual write to an I/O port happens at the end of an
instruction cycle, whereas for reading, the data must be
valid at the beginning of the instruction cycle (Figure 6-2).
Therefore, care must be exercised if a write followed by a
read operation is carried out on the same I/O port. The
sequence of instructions should allow the pin voltage to
stabilize (load dependent) before the next instruction
causes that file to be read into the CPU. Otherwise, the
previous state of that pin may be read into the CPU rather
than the new state. When in doubt, it is better to separate
these instructions with a NOP or another instruction not
accessing this I/O port.
Example 6-1 shows the effect of two sequential
Read-Modify-Write instructions (e.g., BCF, BSF, etc.)
on an I/O port.
FIGURE 6-2:
READ/MODIFY/WRITE
INSTRUCTIONS ON AN
I/O PORT (e.g., PIC16F570)
MOVWF PORTB
PC + 1
MOVF PORTB, W
Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4
PC + 2
PC + 3
This example shows a write to PORTB
followed by a read from PORTB.
NOP
NOP
Data setup time = (0.25 TCY – TPD)
where: TCY = instruction cycle.
RB<5:0>
TPD = propagation delay
Port pin
written here
Instruction
Executed
MOVWF PORTB
(Write to PORTB)
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
Port pin
sampled here
MOVF PORTB,W
(Read PORTB)
Therefore, at higher clock frequencies, a
write followed by a read may be problematic.
NOP
DS40001684F-page 31
PIC16F570
7.0
TIMER0 MODULE AND TMR0
REGISTER
There are two types of Counter mode. The first Counter
mode uses the T0CKI pin to increment Timer0. It is
selected by setting the T0CS bit of the OPTION
register, setting the C1T0CS bit of the CM1CON0
register and setting the C1OUTEN bit of the CM1CON0
register. In this mode, Timer0 will increment either on
every rising or falling edge of pin T0CKI. The T0SE bit
of the OPTION register determines the source edge.
Clearing the T0SE bit selects the rising edge.
Restrictions on the external clock input are discussed
in detail in Section 7.1 “Using Timer0 with an
External Clock”.
The Timer0 module has the following features:
•
•
•
•
8-bit timer/counter register, TMR0
Readable and writable
8-bit software programmable prescaler
Internal or external clock select:
- Edge select for external clock
Figure 7-1 is a simplified block diagram of the Timer0
module.
The second Counter mode uses the output of the
comparator to increment Timer0. It can be entered in by
setting the T0CS bit of the OPTION register, and
clearing the C1T0CS bit of the CM1CON0 register
(C1OUTEN [CM1CON0<6>] does not affect this mode
of operation). This enables an internal connection
between the comparator and the Timer0.
Timer mode is selected by clearing the T0CS bit of the
OPTION register. In Timer mode, the Timer0 module
will increment every instruction cycle (without prescaler). If TMR0 register is written, the increment is
inhibited for the following two cycles (Figure 7-2 and
Figure 7-3). The user can work around this by writing
an adjusted value to the TMR0 register.
The prescaler may be used by either the Timer0
module or the Watchdog Timer, but not both. The
prescaler assignment is controlled in software by the
control bit, PSA of the OPTION register. Clearing the
PSA bit will assign the prescaler to Timer0. The prescaler is not readable or writable. When the prescaler is
assigned to the Timer0 module, prescale values of 1:2,
1:4,..., 1:256 are selectable. Section 7.2 “Prescaler”
details the operation of the prescaler.
A summary of registers associated with the Timer0
module is found in Table 7-1.
FIGURE 7-1:
TIMER0 BLOCK DIAGRAM
Data Bus
Comparator
Output
FOSC/4
0
PSOUT
0
1
1
1
Programmable
Prescaler(2)
T0SE(1)
T0CKI
pin
T0CS(1)
3
0
8
Sync with
Internal
Clocks
TMR0 Reg
PSOUT
(2-cycle delay) Sync
PSA(1)
PS2(1), PS1(1), PS0(1)
C1T0CS(3)
Note 1: Bits T0CS, T0SE, PSA, PS2, PS1 and PS0 are located in the OPTION register (see Register 4-2).
2: The prescaler is shared with the Watchdog Timer.
3: The C1T0CS bit is in the CM1CON0 register.
DS40001684F-page 32
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC16F570
FIGURE 7-2:
PC
(Program
Counter)
TIMER0 TIMING: INTERNAL CLOCK/NO PRESCALE
Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4
PC – 1
Instruction
Fetch
PC
PC + 1
MOVWF TMR0
T0
Timer0
T0 + 1
T0 + 2
Instruction
Executed
Write TMR0
executed
FIGURE 7-3:
PC
(Program
Counter)
PC + 2
PC + 3
PC + 4
PC + 5
PC + 6
MOVF TMR0,W MOVF TMR0,W MOVF TMR0,W MOVF TMR0,W MOVF TMR0,W
NT0 + 1
NT0
Read TMR0
reads NT0
Read TMR0
reads NT0
Read TMR0
reads NT0
NT0 + 2
Read TMR0
Read TMR0
reads NT0 + 1 reads NT0 + 2
TIMER0 TIMING: INTERNAL CLOCK/PRESCALE 1:2
Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4
PC – 1
Instruction
Fetch
Timer0
PC
PC + 1
MOVWF TMR0
T0
PC + 3
PC + 4
PC + 5
PC + 6
MOVF TMR0,W MOVF TMR0,W MOVF TMR0,W MOVF TMR0,W MOVF TMR0,W
T0 + 1
Instruction
Executed
TABLE 7-1:
PC + 2
NT0
Write TMR0
executed
Read TMR0
reads NT0
Read TMR0
reads NT0
NT0 + 1
Read TMR0
reads NT0
Read TMR0
Read TMR0
reads NT0 + 1 reads NT0 + 2
REGISTERS ASSOCIATED WITH TIMER0
Bit 0
Register
on page
Timer0 module Register
—
CM1CON0
C1OUT
C1OUTEN
C1POL
C1T0CS
C1ON
C1NREF
C1PREF
C1WU
62
CM2CON0
C2OUT
C2OUTEN
C2POL
C2PREF2
C2ON
C2NREF
C2PREF1 C2WU
63
OPTION
RBWU
RBPU
T0CS
T0SE
PSA
PS2
Name
TMR0
TRIS
Bit 7
Bit 6
(1)
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
PS1
PS0
I/O Control Registers (TRISA, TRISB, TRISC)
Legend: Shaded cells are not used by Timer0. – = unimplemented, x = unknown, u = unchanged.
Note 1: The TRIS of the T0CKI pin is overridden when T0CS = 1.
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
18
—
DS40001684F-page 33
PIC16F570
7.1
Using Timer0 with an External
Clock
When an external clock input is used for Timer0, it must
meet certain requirements. The external clock
requirement is due to internal phase clock (TOSC)
synchronization. Also, there is a delay in the actual
incrementing of Timer0 after synchronization.
7.1.1
EXTERNAL CLOCK
SYNCHRONIZATION
When no prescaler is used, the external clock input is
the same as the prescaler output. The synchronization
of T0CKI with the internal phase clocks is
accomplished by sampling the prescaler output on the
Q2 and Q4 cycles of the internal phase clocks
(Figure 7-4). Therefore, it is necessary for T0CKI to be
high for at least 2 TOSC (and a small RC delay of 2
Tt0H) and low for at least 2 TOSC (and a small RC delay
of 2 Tt0H). Refer to the electrical specification of the
desired device.
FIGURE 7-4:
When a prescaler is used, the external clock input is
divided by the asynchronous ripple counter-type
prescaler, so that the prescaler output is symmetrical.
For the external clock to meet the sampling requirement, the ripple counter must be taken into account.
Therefore, it is necessary for T0CKI to have a period of
at least 4 TOSC (and a small RC delay of 4 Tt0H) divided
by the prescaler value. The only requirement on T0CKI
high and low time is that they do not violate the
minimum pulse width requirement of Tt0H. Refer to
parameters 40, 41 and 42 in the electrical specification
of the desired device.
7.1.2
TIMER0 INCREMENT DELAY
Since the prescaler output is synchronized with the
internal clocks, there is a small delay from the time the
external clock edge occurs to the time the Timer0
module is actually incremented. Figure 7-4 shows the
delay from the external clock edge to the timer
incrementing.
TIMER0 TIMING WITH EXTERNAL CLOCK
Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4
Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4
Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4
External Clock Input or
Prescaler Output (2)
Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4
Small pulse
misses sampling
(1)
External Clock/Prescaler
Output After Sampling
(3)
Increment Timer0 (Q4)
Timer0
Note 1:
T0
T0 + 1
T0 + 2
Delay from clock input change to Timer0 increment is 3 TOSC to 7 TOSC. (Duration of Q = TOSC). Therefore, the error
in measuring the interval between two edges on Timer0 input = ±4 TOSC max.
2:
External clock if no prescaler selected; prescaler output otherwise.
3:
The arrows indicate the points in time where sampling occurs.
DS40001684F-page 34
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC16F570
7.2
Prescaler
An 8-bit counter is available as a prescaler for the
Timer0 module or as a postscaler for the Watchdog
Timer (WDT), respectively (see Section 8.7
“Watchdog Timer (WDT)”). For simplicity, this counter
is being referred to as “prescaler” throughout this data
sheet.
Note:
The prescaler may be used by either the
Timer0 module or the WDT, but not both.
Thus, a prescaler assignment for the
Timer0 module means that there is no
prescaler for the WDT and vice versa.
The PSA and PS<2:0> bits of the OPTION register
determine prescaler assignment and prescale ratio.
When assigned to the Timer0 module, all instructions
writing to the TMR0 register (e.g., CLRF TMR0,
MOVWF TMR0, etc.) will clear the prescaler. When
assigned to WDT, a CLRWDT instruction will clear the
prescaler along with the WDT. The prescaler is neither
readable nor writable. On a Reset, the prescaler
contains all ‘0’s.
7.2.1
EXAMPLE 7-1:
CHANGING PRESCALER
(TIMER0 WDT)
CLRWDT
CLRF
TMR0
MOVLW b'00xx1111'
CLRWDT
MOVLW b'00xx1xxx'
OPTION
;Clear WDT
;Clear TMR0 & Prescaler
;PS<2:0> are 000 or 001
;Set Postscaler to
;desired WDT rate
To change the prescaler from the WDT to the Timer0
module, use the sequence shown in Example 7-2. This
sequence must be used even if the WDT is disabled. A
CLRWDT instruction should be executed before
switching the prescaler.
EXAMPLE 7-2:
CHANGING PRESCALER
(WDT TIMER0)
CLRWDT
MOVLW
b'xxxx0xxx'
;Clear WDT and
;prescaler
;Select TMR0, new
;prescale value and
;clock source
OPTION
SWITCHING PRESCALER
ASSIGNMENT
The prescaler assignment is fully under software
control (i.e., it can be changed “on-the-fly” during
program execution). To avoid an unintended device
Reset,
the
following
instruction
sequence
(Example 7-1) must be executed when changing the
prescaler assignment from Timer0 to the WDT.
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS40001684F-page 35
PIC16F570
FIGURE 7-5:
BLOCK DIAGRAM OF THE TIMER0/WDT PRESCALER
TCY (= FOSC/4)
Data Bus
0
Comparator
Output
0
1
8
M
U
X
1
0
1
T0CKI
Pin
M
U
X
T0SE(1)
T0CS(1)
Sync
2
Cycles
TMR0 Reg
PSA(1)
C1TOCS
0
Watchdog
Timer
1
8-bit Prescaler
M
U
X
8
8-to-1 MUX
PS<2:0>(1)
(1)
PSA
WDT Enable bit
1
0
MUX
PSA(1)
WDT
Time-out
Note 1:
T0CS, T0SE, PSA, PS<2:0> are bits in the OPTION register (see Register 4-2).
DS40001684F-page 36
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC16F570
8.0
SPECIAL FEATURES OF THE
CPU
What sets a microcontroller apart from other
processors are special circuits that deal with the needs
of
real-time
applications.
The
PIC16F570
microcontrollers have a host of such features intended
to maximize system reliability, minimize cost through
elimination of external components, provide powersaving operating modes and offer code protection.
These features are:
8.1
Configuration Bits
The PIC16F570 Configuration Words consist of 12 bits,
although some bits may be unimplemented and read as
‘1’. Configuration bits can be programmed to select
various device configurations (see Register 8-1).
• Oscillator Selection
• Reset:
- Power-on Reset (POR)
- Brown-out Reset (BOR)
- Device Reset Timer (DRT)
- Wake-up from Sleep on Pin Change
• Interrupts
• Automatic Context Saving
• Watchdog Timer (WDT)
• Sleep
• Code Protection
• ID Locations
• In-Circuit Serial Programming™
• Clock Out
The device has a Watchdog Timer, which can be shut
off only through Configuration bit WDTE. The
Watchdog Timer runs off of its own RC oscillator for
added reliability.
There is also a Device Reset Timer (DRT), intended to
keep the chip in Reset until the crystal oscillator is
stable. The DRT can be enabled with the DRTEN
Configuration bit. For the HS, XT or LP oscillator
options, the 18 ms (nominal) delay is always provided
by the Device Reset Timer and the DRTEN bit is
ignored. When using the EC clock, INTRC or EXTRC
oscillator options, there is a standard delay of 10 us on
power-up, which can be extended to 18 ms with the
use of the DRT timer. With the DRT timer on-chip,
most applications require no additional external Reset
circuitry.
The Sleep mode is designed to offer a very low current
Power-Down mode. The user can wake-up from Sleep
through a change on input pin or through a Watchdog
Timer time-out. Several oscillator options are also
made available to allow the part to fit the application,
including an internal 4/8 MHz oscillator. The EXTRC
oscillator option saves system cost while the LP crystal
option saves power. A set of Configuration bits are
used to select various options.
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS40001684F-page 37
PIC16F570
8.2
Register Definitions — Configuration Word
REGISTER 8-1:
U-1
U-1
—
—
CONFIG: CONFIGURATION WORD REGISTER(1)
R/P-1
R/P-1
R/P-1
DRTEN BOREN CPSW
R/P-1
U-1
R/P-1
R/P-1
IOSCFS
—
CP
WDTE
R/P-1
R/P-1
R/P-1
FOSC2 FOSC1 FOSC0
bit 11
bit 0
Legend:
R = Readable bit
P = Programmable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘1’
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
‘1’ = Bit is set
-n = Value when blank or after Bulk Erase
bit 11-10 Unimplemented: Read as ‘1’
bit 9
DRTEN: Device Reset Timer Enable bit
1 = DRT Enabled (18 ms)
0 = DRT Disabled
bit 8
BOREN: Brown-out Reset Enable bit
1 = BOR Enabled
0 = BOR Disabled
bit 7
CPSW: Code Protection bit – Self-Writable Memory
1 = Code protection off
0 = Code protection on
bit 6
IOSCFS: Internal Oscillator Frequency Select bit
1 = 8 MHz INTOSC speed
0 = 4 MHz INTOSC speed
bit 5
Unimplemented: Read as ‘1’
bit 4
CP: Code Protection bit – User Program Memory
1 = Code protection off
0 = Code protection on
bit 3
WDTE: Watchdog Timer Enable bit
1 = WDT enabled
0 = WDT disabled
bit 2-0
FOSC<2:0>: Oscillator Selection bits
000 = LP oscillator and automatic 18 ms DRT (DRTEN fuse ignored)
001 = XT oscillator and automatic 18 ms DRT (DRTEN fuse ignored)
010 = HS oscillator and automatic 18 ms DRT (DRTEN fuse ignored)
011 = EC oscillator with I/O function on OSC2/CLKOUT and 10 us start-up time(2,3)
100 = INTRC with I/O function on OSC2/CLKOUT and 10 us start-up time(2,3)
101 = INTRC with CLKOUT function on OSC2/CLKOUT and 10 us start-up time(2,3)
110 = EXTRC with I/O function on OSC2/CLKOUT and 10 us start-up time(2,3)
111 = EXTRC with CLKOUT function on OSC2/CLKOUT and 10 us start-up time(2,3)
Note 1: Refer to the “PIC16F570 Memory Programming Specification” (DS41670), to determine how to access the
Configuration Word.
2: DRT length and start-up time are functions of the Clock mode selection. It is the responsibility of the
application designer to ensure the use of either will result in acceptable operation. Refer to Section 15.0
“Electrical Characteristics” for VDD rise time and stability requirements for this mode of operation.
3: The optional DRTEN fuse can be used to extend the start-up time to 18 ms.
DS40001684F-page 38
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC16F570
8.3
Oscillator Configurations
8.3.1
FIGURE 8-1:
OSCILLATOR TYPES
The PIC16F570 device can be operated in up to six
different oscillator modes. The user can program up to
three Configuration bits (FOSC<2:0>). To select one of
these modes:
•
•
•
•
•
•
LP:
XT:
HS:
INTRC:
EXTRC:
EC:
8.3.2
CRYSTAL OPERATION
(OR CERAMIC
RESONATOR)
(HS, XT OR LP OSC
CONFIGURATION)
Low-Power Crystal
Crystal/Resonator
High-Speed Crystal/Resonator
Internal 4/8 MHz Oscillator
External Resistor/Capacitor
External High-Speed Clock Input
C1(1)
Note 1: This device has been designed to
perform to the parameters of its data
sheet. It has been tested to an electrical
specification designed to determine its
conformance with these parameters.
Due to process differences in the
manufacture of this device, this device
may
have
different
performance
characteristics than its earlier version.
These differences may cause this device
to perform differently in your application
than the earlier version of this device.
2: The user should verify that the device
oscillator starts and performs as
expected.
Adjusting
the
loading
capacitor values and/or the Oscillator
mode may be required.
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC® Device
Sleep
XTAL
RS(2)
RF(3)
OSC2
To internal
logic
C2(1)
Note 1:
CRYSTAL OSCILLATOR/CERAMIC
RESONATORS
In HS, XT or LP modes, a crystal or ceramic resonator
is connected to the OSC1/CLKIN and OSC2/CLKOUT
pins to establish oscillation (Figure 8-1). The
PIC16F570 oscillator designs require the use of a
parallel cut crystal. Use of a series cut crystal may give
a frequency out of the crystal manufacturers
specifications. When in HS, XT or LP modes, the
device can have an external clock source drive the
OSC1/CLKIN pin (Figure 8-2). In this mode, the output
drive levels on the OSC2 pin are very weak. If the part
is used in this fashion, then this pin should be left open
and unloaded. Also when using this mode, the external
clock should observe the frequency limits for the Clock
mode chosen (HS, XT or LP).
OSC1
2:
3:
See Capacitor Selection tables for
recommended values of C1 and C2.
A series resistor (RS) may be required for AT
strip cut crystals.
RF approx. value = 10 M.
FIGURE 8-2:
EXTERNAL CLOCK INPUT
OPERATION (HS, XT, LP
OR EC OSC
CONFIGURATION)
EC, HS, XT, LP
Clock From
ext. system
OSC1/CLKIN
PIC® Device
OSC2/CLKOUT
Note 1:
OSC2/CLKOUT(1)
Available in EC mode only.
TABLE 8-1:
CAPACITOR SELECTION FOR
CERAMIC RESONATORS
Osc.
Type
Resonator
Freq.
XT
4.0 MHz
30 pF
30 pF
HS
16 MHz
10-47 pF
10-47 pF
Note 1:
Cap. Range
C1
Cap. Range
C2
These values are for design guidance
only. Since each resonator has its own
characteristics, the user should consult
the
resonator
manufacturer
for
appropriate
values
of
external
components.
DS40001684F-page 39
PIC16F570
TABLE 8-2:
Osc.
Type
CAPACITOR SELECTION FOR
CRYSTAL OSCILLATOR(2)
Resonator
Freq.
kHz(1)
Cap. Range
C1
Cap. Range
C2
15 pF
15 pF
LP
32
XT
200 kHz
1 MHz
4 MHz
47-68 pF
15 pF
15 pF
47-68 pF
15 pF
15 pF
20 MHz
15-47 pF
15-47 pF
HS
Note 1:
2:
8.3.3
For VDD > 4.5V, C1 = C2  30 pF is
recommended.
These values are for design guidance
only. Rs may be required to avoid
overdriving crystals with low drive level
specification. Since each crystal has its
own characteristics, the user should
consult the crystal manufacturer for
appropriate
values
of
external
components.
EXTERNAL CRYSTAL OSCILLATOR
CIRCUIT
Either a prepackaged oscillator or a simple oscillator
circuit with TTL gates can be used as an external
crystal oscillator circuit. Prepackaged oscillators
provide a wide operating range and better stability. A
well-designed crystal oscillator will provide good
performance with TTL gates. Two types of crystal
oscillator circuits can be used: one with parallel
resonance, or one with series resonance.
Figure 8-3 shows implementation of a parallel resonant
oscillator circuit. The circuit is designed to use the
fundamental frequency of the crystal. The 74AS04
inverter performs the 180-degree phase shift that a
parallel oscillator requires. The 4.7 k resistor provides
the negative feedback for stability. The 10 k
potentiometers bias the 74AS04 in the linear region.
This circuit could be used for external oscillator
designs.
DS40001684F-page 40
FIGURE 8-3:
EXTERNAL PARALLEL
RESONANT CRYSTAL
OSCILLATOR CIRCUIT
+5V
To Other
Devices
10k
74AS04
4.7k
CLKIN
74AS04
PIC® Device
10k
XTAL
10k
20 pF
20 pF
Figure 8-4 shows a series resonant oscillator circuit.
This circuit is also designed to use the fundamental
frequency of the crystal. The inverter performs a 180degree phase shift in a series resonant oscillator
circuit. The 330  resistors provide the negative
feedback to bias the inverters in their linear region.
FIGURE 8-4:
EXTERNAL SERIES
RESONANT CRYSTAL
OSCILLATOR CIRCUIT
330
To Other
Devices
330
74AS04
74AS04
74AS04
CLKIN
0.1 mF
PIC® Device
XTAL
8.3.4
EXTERNAL RC OSCILLATOR
For timing insensitive applications, the RC device
option offers additional cost savings. The RC oscillator
frequency is a function of the supply voltage, the
resistor (REXT) and capacitor (CEXT) values, and the
operating temperature. In addition to this, the oscillator
frequency will vary from unit-to-unit due to normal
process parameter variation. Furthermore, the
difference in lead frame capacitance between package
types will also affect the oscillation frequency,
especially for low CEXT values. The user also needs to
take into account variation due to tolerance of external
R and C components used.
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC16F570
Figure 8-5 shows how the R/C combination is
connected to the PIC16F570 device. For REXT values
below 3.0 k, the oscillator operation may become
unstable or stop completely. For very high REXT values
(e.g., 1 M), the oscillator becomes sensitive to noise,
humidity and leakage. Thus, we recommend keeping
REXT between 5.0 k and 100 k.
Although the oscillator will operate with no external
capacitor (CEXT = 0 pF), we recommend using values
above 20 pF for noise and stability reasons. With no
external capacitance or with values below 20 pF, the
oscillation frequency can vary dramatically due to
changes in external capacitances, such as PCB trace
capacitance or package lead frame capacitance.
FIGURE 8-5:
EXTERNAL RC
OSCILLATOR MODE
VDD
REXT
Internal
clock
OSC1
N
CEXT
PIC® Device
VSS
FOSC/4
8.3.5
OSC2/CLKOUT
INTERNAL 4/8 MHz RC
OSCILLATOR
The internal RC oscillator provides a fixed 4/8 MHz
(nominal) system clock at VDD = 5V and 25°C, (see
Section 15.0 “Electrical Characteristics” for
information on variation overvoltage and temperature).
In addition, a calibration instruction is programmed into
the last address of memory, which contains the
calibration value for the internal RC oscillator. This
location is always non-code protected, regardless of
the code-protect settings. This value is programmed as
a MOVLW XX instruction where XX is the calibration
value, and is placed at the Reset vector. This will load
the W register with the calibration value upon Reset
and the PC will then roll over to the users program at
address 0x000. The user then has the option of writing
the value to the OSCCAL register or ignoring it.
OSCCAL, when written to with the calibration value, will
“trim” the internal oscillator to remove process variation
from the oscillator frequency.
Note:
Erasing the device will also erase the preprogrammed internal calibration value for
the internal oscillator. The calibration
value must be read prior to erasing the
part so it can be reprogrammed correctly
later.
For the PIC16F570 device, only bits <7:1> of OSCCAL
are used for calibration. See Register 4-3 for more
information.
Note:
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
The bit 0 of the OSCCAL register is
unimplemented and should be written as
‘0’ when modifying OSCCAL for
compatibility with future devices.
DS40001684F-page 41
PIC16F570
8.4
Reset
The device differentiates between various kinds of
Reset:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Power-on Reset (POR)
Brown-out Reset (BOR)
MCLR Reset during normal operation
MCLR Reset during Sleep
WDT Time-out Reset during normal operation
WDT Time-out Reset during Sleep
Wake-up from Sleep on pin change
Some registers are not reset in any way, they are
unknown on POR/BOR and unchanged in any other
Reset. Most other registers are reset to “Reset state”
on Power-on Reset (POR)/Brown-out Reset (BOR),
MCLR, WDT or Wake-up on pin change Reset during
normal operation. They are not affected by a WDT
Reset during Sleep or MCLR Reset during Sleep, since
these Resets are viewed as resumption of normal operation. The exceptions to this are the TO and PD bits.
They are set or cleared differently in different Reset situations. These bits are used in software to determine
the nature of Reset. See Table 4-1 for a full description
of Reset states of all registers.
TABLE 8-3:
RESET CONDITION FOR SPECIAL REGISTERS
STATUS Addr: 03h
Power-on Reset (POR) or Brown-out Reset (BOR)
0001 1xxx
MCLR Reset during normal operation
000u uuuu
MCLR Reset during Sleep
0001 0uuu
WDT Reset during Sleep
0000 0uuu
WDT Reset normal operation
0000 uuuu
Wake-up from Sleep on pin change
1001 0uuu
Wake-up from Sleep on comparator change
0101 0uuu
Legend: u = unchanged, x = unknown, – = unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’.
DS40001684F-page 42
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC16F570
8.4.1
MCLR ENABLE
This Master Clear (MCLR) feature and its associated
pull-up are always enabled on this device. The pin is
assigned to be an input-only pin function.
FIGURE 8-6:
MCLR INPUT PIN
MCLR/VPP
8.5
Internal MCLR
Power-on Reset (POR)
The PIC16F570 device incorporates an on-chip Poweron Reset (POR) circuitry, which provides an internal
chip Reset for most power-up situations.
The on-chip POR circuit holds the chip in Reset until
VDD has reached a high enough level for proper
operation. To take advantage of the internal POR, an
internal weak pull-up resistor is implemented using a
transistor (refer to Table 15-11 for the pull-up resistor
ranges). This will eliminate external RC components
usually needed to create a Power-on Reset. A
maximum rise time for VDD is specified. See
Section 15.0 “Electrical Characteristics” for details.
When the device starts normal operation (exit the
Reset condition), device operating parameters
(voltage, frequency, temperature,...) must be met to
ensure operation. If these conditions are not met, the
device must be held in Reset until the operating
parameters are met.
A simplified block diagram of the on-chip Power-on
Reset circuit is shown in Figure 8-7.
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
The Power-on Reset circuit and the Device Reset
Timer (see Section 8.6 “Device Reset Timer (DRT)”)
circuit are closely related. On Power-up, the Reset
latch is set and the DRT is reset. The DRT timer begins
counting once it detects MCLR to be high. After the
time-out period, it will reset the Reset latch and thus
end the on-chip Reset signal.
A Power-up example where MCLR is held low is shown
in Figure 8-8. VDD is allowed to rise and stabilize before
bringing MCLR high. The chip will actually come out of
Reset TDRT ms after MCLR goes high.
In Figure 8-9, the on-chip Power-on Reset feature is
being used (MCLR is tied to VDD or pulled high by its
internal pull-up). The VDD is stable before the start-up
timer times out and there is no problem in getting a
proper Reset. However, Figure 8-10 depicts a problem
situation where VDD rises too slowly. The time between
when the DRT senses that MCLR is high and when
MCLR and VDD actually reach their full value, is too
long. In this situation, when the start-up timer times out,
VDD has not reached the VDD (min) value and the chip
may not function correctly. For such situations, we
recommend that external RC circuits be used to
achieve longer POR delay times (Figure 8-9).
Note:
When the device starts normal operation
(exit the Reset condition), device operating parameters (voltage, frequency, temperature, etc.) must be met to ensure
operation. If these conditions are not met,
the device must be held in Reset until the
operating conditions are met.
For additional information, refer to Application Notes
AN522, “Power-Up Considerations” (DS00522) and
AN607, “Power-up Trouble Shooting” (DS00607).
DS40001684F-page 43
PIC16F570
FIGURE 8-7:
SIMPLIFIED BLOCK DIAGRAM OF ON-CHIP RESET CIRCUIT
VDD
Power-up
Detect
POR (Power-on Reset)
BOR
BOREN
MCLR/VPP
MCLR Reset
WDT Time-out
Pin Change
Sleep
WDT Reset
S
Q
R
Q
Device Reset
Timer
(10 us or 18 ms)
CHIP Reset
Wake-up on pin Change Reset
Comparator Change
Wake-up on
Comparator Change
TIME-OUT SEQUENCE ON POWER-UP (MCLR PULLED LOW)
FIGURE 8-8:
VDD
MCLR
Internal POR
TDRT
DRT Time-out
Internal Reset
TIME-OUT SEQUENCE ON POWER-UP (MCLR TIED TO VDD): FAST VDD RISE
TIME
FIGURE 8-9:
VDD
MCLR
Internal POR
TDRT
DRT Time-out
Internal Reset
DS40001684F-page 44
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PIC16F570
FIGURE 8-10:
TIME-OUT SEQUENCE ON POWER-UP (MCLR TIED TO VDD): SLOW VDD RISE
TIME
V1
VDD
MCLR
Internal POR
TDRT
DRT Time-out
Internal Reset
Note:
When VDD rises slowly, the TDRT time-out expires long before VDD has reached its final
value. In this example, the chip will reset properly if, and only if, V1  VDD min.
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS40001684F-page 45
PIC16F570
8.6
Device Reset Timer (DRT)
On the PIC16F570 device, the DRT runs any time the
device is powered up. DRT runs from Reset and varies
based on oscillator selection and Reset type (see
Table 8-4).
The DRT operates on an internal RC oscillator. The
processor is kept in Reset as long as the DRT is active.
The DRT delay allows VDD to rise above VDD min. and
for the oscillator to stabilize.
Oscillator circuits based on crystals or ceramic
resonators require a certain time after power-up to
establish a stable oscillation. The on-chip DRT keeps the
device in a Reset condition after MCLR has reached a
logic high (VIH MCLR) level. Using an external RC
network connected to the MCLR input is not required in
most cases. This allows savings in cost-sensitive and/or
space restricted applications, as well as allowing the use
of that pin as a general purpose input.
The Device Reset Time delays will vary from chip-tochip due to VDD, temperature and process variation.
See AC parameters for details.
The DRT will also be triggered upon a Watchdog Timer
time-out from Sleep. This is particularly important for
applications using the WDT to wake from Sleep mode
automatically.
Reset sources are POR, MCLR, WDT time-out and
wake-up on pin or comparator change. See
Section 8.10.2 “Wake-up from Sleep”, Notes 1, 2
and 3.
8.7
TABLE 8-4:
Oscillator
Configuration
TYPICAL DRT PERIODS
POR Reset
Subsequent
Resets
HS, XT, LP
18 ms
18 ms
EC
10 us
10 s
INTOSC, EXTRC
10 us
10 s
8.7.1
WDT PERIOD
The WDT has a nominal time-out period of 18 ms, (with
no prescaler). If a longer time-out period is desired, a
prescaler with a division ratio of up to 1:128 can be
assigned to the WDT (under software control) by
writing to the OPTION register. Thus, a time-out period
of a nominal 2.3 seconds can be realized. These
periods vary with temperature, VDD and part-to-part
process variations (see DC specs).
Under worst-case conditions (VDD = Min., Temperature
= Max., max. WDT prescaler), it may take several
seconds before a WDT time-out occurs.
8.7.2
WDT PROGRAMMING
CONSIDERATIONS
The CLRWDT instruction clears the WDT and the
postscaler, if assigned to the WDT, and prevents it from
timing out and generating a device Reset.
The SLEEP instruction resets the WDT and the
postscaler, if assigned to the WDT. This gives the
maximum Sleep time before a WDT wake-up Reset.
Watchdog Timer (WDT)
The Watchdog Timer (WDT) is a free running on-chip
RC oscillator, which does not require any external
components. This RC oscillator is separate from the
external RC oscillator of the OSC1/CLKIN pin and the
internal 4/8 MHz oscillator. This means that the WDT
will run even if the main processor clock has been
stopped, for example, by execution of a SLEEP
instruction. During normal operation or Sleep, a WDT
Reset or wake-up Reset, generates a device Reset.
The TO bit of the STATUS register will be cleared upon
a Watchdog Timer Reset.
The WDT can be permanently disabled by
programming the configuration WDTE as a ‘0’ (see
Section 8.1 “Configuration Bits”). Refer to the
PIC16F570 Programming Specifications to determine
how to access the Configuration Word.
DS40001684F-page 46
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC16F570
FIGURE 8-11:
WATCHDOG TIMER BLOCK DIAGRAM
From Timer0 Clock Source
(Figure 7-1)
0
M
U
X
1
Watchdog
Time
Postscaler
8-to-1 MUX
PS<2:0>(1)
PSA
WDT Enable
Configuration
Bit
To Timer0 (Figure 7-4)
0
1
MUX
PSA(1)
WDT Time-out
Note 1:
TABLE 8-5:
PSA, PS<2:0> are bits in the OPTION register (see Register 4-2).
REGISTERS ASSOCIATED WITH THE WATCHDOG TIMER
Name
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
Register on
page
OPTION
RBWU
RBPU
T0CS
T0SE
PSA
PS2
PS1
PS0
18
Legend: Shaded boxes = Not used by Watchdog Timer.
8.8
Time-out Sequence (TO) and
Power-down (PD) Reset Status
The TO and PD bits in the STATUS register can be
tested to determine if a Reset condition has been
caused by a Power-up condition, a MCLR or Watchdog
Timer (WDT) Reset.
TABLE 8-6:
TO/PD STATUS AFTER RESET
TO
PD
Reset Caused By
0
0
WDT wake-up from Sleep
0
u
WDT time-out (not from Sleep)
1
0
MCLR wake-up from Sleep
1
1
Power-up or Brown-out Reset
u
u
MCLR not during Sleep
Legend: u = unchanged
Note 1: The TO and PD bits maintain their status
(u) until a Reset occurs. A low pulse on
the MCLR input does not change the TO
and PD Status bits.
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS40001684F-page 47
PIC16F570
8.9
Brown-out Reset (BOR)
On any Reset (Power-on, Brown-out Reset, Watchdog
Timer, etc.), the chip will remain in Reset until VDD rises
above VBOR (see Figure 8-12). If enabled, the Device
Reset Timer will now be invoked, and will keep the chip
in Reset an additional 18 ms.
A brown-out is a condition where device power (VDD)
dips below its minimum value, but not to zero, and
then recovers. The device should be reset in the event
of a brown-out. The Brown-out Reset feature is
enabled by the BOREN Configuration bit.
Note:
If VDD falls below VBOR for greater than parameter
(TBOR) (see Figure 8-12), the brown-out situation will
reset the device. This will occur regardless of VDD slew
rate. A Reset is not insured to occur if VDD falls below
VBOR for less than parameter (TBOR).
If VDD drops below VBOR while the Device Reset Timer
is running, the chip will go back into a Brown-out Reset
and the Device Reset Timer will be re-initialized. Once
VDD rises above VBOR, the Device Reset Timer will
execute a 18 ms Reset.
Please see Section 15.0 “Electrical Characteristics”
for the VBOR specification and other parameters shown
in Figure 8-12.
FIGURE 8-12:
The Device Reset Timer is enabled by the
DRTEN bit in the Configuration Word
register.
BROWN-OUT RESET TIMING AND CHARACTERISTICS
VDD
VBOR + VHYST
VBOR
(Device in Brown-out Reset)
(Device not in Brown-out Reset)
TBOR
Reset
(due to BOR)
TDRT
FIGURE 8-13:
BROWN-OUT SITUATIONS
VDD
Internal
Reset
VBOR
18 ms
(DRTEN = 1)
VDD
Internal
Reset
VBOR
< 18 ms
18 ms
(DRTEN = 1)
VDD
Internal
Reset
DS40001684F-page 48
VBOR
18 ms
(DRTEN = 1)
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC16F570
8.10
Power-down Mode (Sleep)
A device may be powered down (Sleep) and later
Powered-up (wake-up from Sleep).
8.10.1
SLEEP
The Power-Down mode is entered by executing a
SLEEP instruction.
If enabled, the Watchdog Timer will be cleared but
keeps running, the TO bit of the STATUS register is set,
the PD bit of the STATUS register is cleared and the
oscillator driver is turned off. The I/O ports maintain the
status they had before the SLEEP instruction was
executed (driving high, driving low or high-impedance).
Note:
A Reset generated by a WDT time-out
does not drive the MCLR pin low.
For lowest current consumption while powered down,
the T0CKI input should be at VDD or VSS and the
MCLR/VPP pin must be at a logic high level if MCLR is
enabled.
8.10.2
WAKE-UP FROM SLEEP
The device can wake-up from Sleep through one of
the following events:
1.
2.
3.
An external Reset input on MCLR/VPP pin.
A Watchdog Timer Time-out Reset (if WDT was
enabled).
From an interrupt source, see Section 8.11
“Interrupts” for more information.
On waking from Sleep, the processor will continue to
execute the instruction immediately following the
SLEEP instruction. If the WUR bit is also set, upon
waking from Sleep, the device will reset. If the GIE bit
is also set, upon waking from Sleep, the processor will
branch to the interrupt vector. Please see
Section 8.11 “Interrupts” for more information.
The TO and PD bits can be used to determine the
cause of the device Reset. The TO bit is cleared if a
WDT time-out occurred and subsequently caused a
wake-up. The PD bit, which is set on power-up, is
cleared when SLEEP is invoked.
.
CAUTION: Right before entering Sleep, read the
input pins. When in Sleep, wake-up
occurs when the values at the pins
change from the state they were in at the
last reading. If a wake-up on change
occurs and the pins are not read before
re-entering Sleep, a wake-up will occur
immediately even if no pins change while
in Sleep mode.
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
The WDT is cleared when the device wakes from
Sleep, regardless of the wake-up source.
CAUTION: Right before entering Sleep, read the
comparator Configuration register(s)
CM1CON0 and CM2CON0. When in
Sleep, wake-up occurs when the comparator output bit C1OUT and C2OUT
change from the state they were in at the
last reading. If a wake-up on comparator
change occurs and the pins are not read
before re-entering Sleep, a wake-up will
occur immediately, even if no pins
change while in Sleep mode.
8.11
Interrupts
The interrupt feature allows certain events to preempt
normal program flow. Firmware is used to determine
the source of the interrupt and act accordingly. Some
interrupts can be configured to wake the MCU from
Sleep mode.
These following interrupt sources are available on the
PIC16F570 device:
•
•
•
•
Timer0 Overflow
ADC Completion
Comparator Output Change
Interrupt-on-change pin
Refer to the corresponding chapters for details.
8.11.1
OPERATION
Interrupts are disabled upon any device Reset. They
are enabled by setting the following bits:
• GIE bit of the INTCON0 register
• Interrupt Enable bit(s) for the specific interrupt
event(s)
The enable bits for specific interrupts can be found in
the INTCON1 register. An interrupt is recorded for a
specific interrupt via flag bits found in the INTCON0
register.
The ADC Conversion flag and the Timer0 Overflow
flags will be set regardless of the status of the GIE and
individual interrupt enable bits.
The Comparator and Interrupt-on-change flags must
be enabled for use. One or both of the comparator
outputs can be enabled to affect the interrupt flag by
clearing the C1WU bit in the CM1CON0 register and the
C2WU bit in the CM2CON0 register. The Interrupt-onchange flag is enabled by clearing the RBWU bit in the
OPTION register.
DS40001684F-page 49
PIC16F570
The following events happen when an interrupt event
occurs while the GIE bit is set:
• Current prefetched instruction is flushed
• GIE bit is cleared
• Current Program Counter (PC) is pushed onto the
stack
• Several registers are automatically switched to a
secondary set of registers to store critical data.
(See Section 8.12 “Automatic Context Switching”)
• PC is loaded with the interrupt vector 0004h
The firmware within the Interrupt Service Routine (ISR)
should determine the source of the interrupt by polling
the interrupt flag bits. The interrupt flag bits must be
cleared before exiting the ISR to avoid repeated
interrupts. Because the GIE bit is cleared, any interrupt
that occurs while executing the ISR will be recorded
through its interrupt flag, but will not cause the
processor to redirect to the interrupt vector.
8.12
Automatic Context Switching
While the device is executing from the ISR, a
secondary set of W, STATUS, FSR and BSR registers
are used by the CPU. These registers are still
addressed at the same location, but hold persistent,
independent values for use inside the ISR. This allows
the contents of the primary set of registers to be
unaffected by interrupts in the main line execution. The
contents of the secondary set of context registers are
visible in the SFR map as the IW, ISTATUS, IFSR and
IBSR registers. When executing code from within the
ISR, these registers will read back the main line
context, and vice versa.
8.13
Interrupts during Sleep
Any of the interrupt sources can be used to wake from
Sleep. To wake from Sleep, the peripheral must be
operating without the system clock. The interrupt
source must have the appropriate Interrupt Enable
bit(s) set prior to entering Sleep.
On waking from Sleep, if the GIE bit is also set, the
processor will branch to the interrupt vector. Otherwise,
the processor will continue executing instructions after
the SLEEP instruction. The instruction directly after the
SLEEP instruction will always be executed before
branching to the ISR. Refer to the Section 8.10
“Power-down Mode (Sleep)” for more details.
TABLE 8-7:
INTERRUPT PRIORITIES
In Sleep
GIE
WUR
X
1
0
1
X
1
Wake-up Inline
1
0
0
Watchdog
Wake-up Inline
1
X
0
Watchdog
Wake-up Reset
1
X
1
Vector or
Wake-up and Vector
Wake-up Reset
The RETFIE instruction exits the ISR by popping the
previous address from the stack, switching back to the
original set of critical registers and setting the GIE bit.
For additional information on a specific interrupt’s
operation, refer to its peripheral chapter.
Note 1: Individual interrupt flag bits may be set,
regardless of the state of any other
enable bits.
2: All interrupts will be ignored while the GIE
bit is cleared. Any interrupt occurring
while the GIE bit is clear will be serviced
when the GIE bit is set again.
3: All interrupts should be disabled prior to
executing writes or row erases in the selfwritable flash data memory.
4: The user must manage the contents of
the context registers if they are using
interrupts that will vector to the Interrupt
Service Routine (ISR). The context registers (IW, ISTATUS, IFSR and IBSR)
power-up in unknown states following
POR and BOR events.
DS40001684F-page 50
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PIC16F570
8.14
Register Definitions — Interrupt Control
REGISTER 8-2:
INTCON0 REGISTER
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
R/W-0
ADIF
CWIF
T0IF
RBIF
—
—
—
GIE
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
bit 7
ADIF: A/D Converter Interrupt Flag bit
1 = A/D conversion complete (must be cleared by software)
0 = A/D conversion has not completed or has not been started
bit 6
CWIF: Comparator 1 or 2 Interrupt Flag bit
1 = Comparator interrupt-on-change has occurred(1)
0 = No change in Comparator 1 or 2 output
bit 5
T0IF: Timer0 Overflow Interrupt Flag bit
1 = TMR0 register has overflowed (must be cleared by software)
0 = TMR0 register did not overflow
bit 4
RBIF: PORTB Interrupt-on-change Flag bit
1 = Wake-up or interrupt has occurred (cleared in software)(2)
0 = Wake-up or interrupt has not occurred
bit 3-1
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 0
GIE: Global Interrupt Enable bit
1 = Interrupt sets PC to address 0x004 (Vector to ISR)
0 = Interrupt causes wake-up and inline code execution
x = Bit is unknown
Note 1: This bit only functions when the C1WU or C2WU bits are cleared (see Register 10-1 and Register 10-2).
2: The RBWU bit of the OPTION register must be cleared to enable this function (see Register 4-2).
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DS40001684F-page 51
PIC16F570
REGISTER 8-3:
INTCON1 REGISTER
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
R/W-0
ADIE
CWIE
T0IE
RBIE
—
—
—
WUR
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
x = Bit is unknown
bit 7
ADIE: A/D Converter (ADC) Interrupt Enable bit
1 = Enables the ADC interrupt
0 = Disables the ADC interrupt
bit 6
CWIE: Comparator 1 and 2 Interrupt Enable bit
1 = Enables the Comparator 1 and 2 Interrupt
0 = Disables the Comparator 1 and 2 Interrupt
bit 5
T0IE: Timer0 Overflow Interrupt Enable bit
1 = Enables the Timer0 interrupt
0 = Disables the Timer0 interrupt
bit 4
RBIE: PORTB on Pin Change Interrupt Enable bit
1 = Interrupt-on-change pin enabled
0 = Interrupt-on-change pin disabled
bit 3-1
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 0
WUR: Wake-up Reset Enable bit
1 = Interrupt source causes device Reset on wake-up
0 = Interrupt source wakes up device from Sleep (Vector to ISR or inline execution)
DS40001684F-page 52
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PIC16F570
8.15
Program Verification/Code
Protection
FIGURE 8-14:
If the code protection bit has not been programmed, the
on-chip program memory can be read out for
verification purposes.
The first 64 locations and the last location (OSCCAL)
can be read, regardless of the code protection bit
setting.
8.16
ID Locations
Four memory locations are designated as ID locations
where the user can store checksum or other code
identification numbers. These locations are not
accessible during normal execution, but are readable
and writable during Program/Verify.
External
Connector
Signals
TYPICAL IN-CIRCUIT
SERIAL PROGRAMMING
CONNECTION
To Normal
Connections
PIC® Device
+5V
VDD
0V
VSS
VPP
MCLR/VPP
CLK
ICSPCLK
Data
ICSPDAT
VDD
Use only the lower four bits of the ID locations and
always program the upper eight bits as ‘0’s.
8.17
In-Circuit Serial Programming™
To Normal
Connections
The PIC16F570 microcontroller can be serially
programmed while in the end application circuit. This is
simply done with two lines for clock and data, and three
other lines for power, ground and the programming
voltage. This allows customers to manufacture boards
with unprogrammed devices and then program the
microcontroller just before shipping the product. This
also allows the most recent firmware, or a custom
firmware, to be programmed.
The devices are placed into a Program/Verify mode by
holding the ICSPCLK and ICSPDAT pins low while
raising the MCLR (VPP) pin from VIL to VIHH (see
programming specification). ICSPCLK becomes the
programming clock and ICSPDAT becomes the
programming data. Both ICSPCLK and ICSPDAT are
Schmitt Trigger inputs in this mode.
After Reset, a 6-bit command is then supplied to the
device. Depending on the command, 14 bits of program
data are then supplied to or from the device, depending
if the command was a load or a read. For complete
details of serial programming, please refer to the
PIC16F570 Programming Specifications.
A typical In-Circuit Serial Programming connection is
shown in Figure 8-14.
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS40001684F-page 53
PIC16F570
9.0
ANALOG-TO-DIGITAL (A/D)
CONVERTER
Note:
The A/D Converter allows conversion of an analog
signal into an 8-bit digital signal.
9.1
Clock Divisors
The ADC has four clock source settings ADCS<1:0>.
There are three divisor values 16, 8 and 4. The fourth
setting is INTOSC with a divisor of four. These settings
will allow a proper conversion when using an external
oscillator at speeds from 20 MHz to 350 kHz. Using an
external oscillator at a frequency below 350 kHz
requires the ADC oscillator setting to be INTOSC/4
(ADCS<1:0> = 11) for valid ADC results.
The ADC requires 13 TAD periods to complete a
conversion. The divisor values do not affect the number
of TAD periods required to perform a conversion. The
divisor values determine the length of the TAD period.
When the ADCS<1:0> bits are changed while an ADC
conversion is in process, the new ADC clock source will
not be selected until the next conversion is started. This
clock source selection will be lost when the device
enters Sleep.
Note:
9.1.1
The ADC clock is derived from the
instruction clock. The ADCS divisors are
then applied to create the ADC clock
VOLTAGE REFERENCE
There is no external voltage reference for the ADC. The
ADC reference voltage will always be VDD.
9.1.2
ANALOG MODE SELECTION
The ANS<7:0> bits are used to configure pins for
analog input. Upon any Reset, ANS<7:0> defaults to
FF. This configures the affected pins as analog inputs.
Pins configured as analog inputs are not available for
digital output. Users should not change the ANS bits
while a conversion is in process. ANS bits are active
regardless of the condition of ADON.
9.1.3
ADC CHANNEL SELECTION
The CHS bits are used to select the analog channel to
be sampled by the ADC. The CHS<3:0> bits can be
changed at any time without adversely effecting a conversion. To acquire an external analog signal, the
CHS<3:0> selection must match one of the pin(s)
selected by the ANS<7:0> bits. When the ADC is on
(ADON = 1) and a channel is selected that is also being
used by the comparator, then both the comparator and
the ADC will see the analog voltage on the pin.
DS40001684F-page 54
It is the user’s responsibility to ensure that
the use of the ADC and op amp
simultaneously on the same pin does not
adversely affect the signal being
monitored or adversely effect device
operation.
When the CHS<3:0> bits are changed during an ADC
conversion, the new channel will not be selected until
the current conversion is completed. This allows the
current conversion to complete with valid results. All
channel selection information will be lost when the
device enters Sleep.
9.1.4
THE GO/DONE BIT
The GO/DONE bit is used to determine the status of a
conversion, to start a conversion and to manually halt a
conversion in process. Setting the GO/DONE bit starts
a conversion. When the conversion is complete, the
ADC module clears the GO/DONE bit and sets the
ADIF bit in the INTCON0 register.
A conversion can be terminated by manually clearing
the GO/DONE bit while a conversion is in process.
Manual termination of a conversion may result in a
partially converted result in ADRES.
The GO/DONE bit is cleared when the device enters
Sleep, stopping the current conversion. The ADC does
not have a dedicated oscillator, it runs off of the
instruction clock. Therefore, no conversion can occur in
Sleep.
The GO/DONE bit cannot be set when ADON is clear.
9.1.5
A/D ACQUISITION REQUIREMENTS
For the ADC to meet its specified accuracy, the charge
holding capacitor (CHOLD) must be allowed to fully
charge to the input channel voltage level. The Analog
Input model is shown in Figure 9-1. The source
impedance (RS) and the internal sampling switch (RSS)
impedance directly affect the time required to charge the
capacitor CHOLD. The sampling switch (RSS) impedance
varies over the device voltage (VDD), see Figure 9-1.
The maximum recommended impedance for analog
sources is 10 k. As the source impedance is
decreased, the acquisition time may be decreased.
After the analog input channel is selected (or changed),
an A/D acquisition must be done before the conversion
can be started. To calculate the minimum acquisition
time, Equation 9-1 may be used. This equation
assumes that 1/2 LSb error is used (256 steps for the
ADC). The 1/2 LSb error is the maximum error allowed
for the ADC to meet its specified resolution.
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC16F570
EQUATION 9-1:
ACQUISITION TIME EXAMPLE
Assumptions:
Temperature = 50°C and external impedance of 10 k 5.0V VDD
Tacq
= Amplifier Settling Time + Hold Capacitor Charging Time + Temperature Coefficient
= TAMP + TC + TCOFF
= 2 s + TC + [(Temperature - 25°C)(0.05 s/°C)]
Solving for Tc:
= CHOLD (RIC + RSS + RS) ln(1/512)
Tc
= -25pF (l k + 7 k + 10 k) ln(0.00196)
= 2.81 s
Therefore:
= 2 s + 2.81 s + [(50°C-25°C)(0.0 5s/°C)]
Tacq
= 6.06 s
Note 1: The charge holding capacitor (CHOLD) is
not discharged after each conversion.
2: The maximum recommended impedance
for analog sources is 10 k. This is
required to meet the pin leakage
specification.
FIGURE 9-1:
ANALOG INPUT MODULE
VDD
Rs
VA
ANx
CPIN
5 pF
VT = 0.6V
VT = 0.6V
RIC  1k
Sampling
Switch
SS Rss
I LEAKAGE
± 500 nA
CHOLD = 25 pF
VSS/VREF-
Legend:
CPIN
VT
ILEAKAGE
RIC
SS
CHOLD
= Input Capacitance
= Threshold Voltage
= Leakage current at the pin due
to various junctions
= Interconnect Resistance
= Sampling Switch
= Sample/Hold Capacitance
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
6V
5V
VDD 4V
3V
2V
RSS
5 6 7 8 9 10 11
Sampling Switch
(k)
DS40001684F-page 55
PIC16F570
9.1.6
ANALOG CONVERSION RESULT
REGISTER
right shifts of the ‘leading one’ have taken place, the
conversion is complete; the ‘leading one’ has been
shifted out and the GO/DONE bit is cleared.
The ADRES register contains the results of the last
conversion. These results are present during the
sampling period of the next analog conversion process.
After the sampling period is over, ADRES is cleared
(= 0). A ‘leading one’ is then right shifted into the
ADRES to serve as an internal conversion complete
bit. As each bit weight, starting with the MSB, is
converted, the leading one is shifted right and the
converted bit is stuffed into ADRES. After a total of nine
REGISTER 9-1:
If the GO/DONE bit is cleared in software during a
conversion, the conversion stops and the ADIF bit will
not be set to a ‘1’. The data in ADRES is the partial
conversion result. This data is valid for the bit weights
that have been converted. The position of the ‘leading
one’ determines the number of bits that have been
converted. The bits that were not converted before the
GO/DONE was cleared are unrecoverable.
ADCON0: A/D CONTROL REGISTER
R/W-1
R/W-1
R/W-1
R/W-1
R/W-1
R/W-1
R/W-0
R/W-0
ADCS1
ADCS0
CHS3
CHS2
CHS1
CHS0
GO/DONE
ADON
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
x = Bit is unknown
bit 7-6
ADCS<1:0>: ADC Conversion Clock Select bits
00 = FOSC/16
01 = FOSC/8
10 = FOSC/4
11 = INTOSC/4
bit 5-2
CHS<3:0>: ADC Channel Select bits(1)
0000 = Channel 0 (AN0)
0001 = Channel 1 (AN1)
0010 = Channel 2 (AN2)
0011 = Channel 3 (AN3)
0100 = Channel 4 (AN4)
0101 = Channel 5 (AN5)
0110 = Channel 6 (AN6)
0111 = Channel 7 (AN7)
1xxx = Reserved
1111 = 0.6V Fixed Input Reference (VFIR)
bit 1
GO/DONE: ADC Conversion Status bit(2)
1 = ADC conversion in progress. Setting this bit starts an ADC conversion cycle. This bit is automatically
cleared by hardware when the ADC is done converting.
0 = ADC conversion completed/not in progress. Manually clearing this bit while a conversion is in process
terminates the current conversion.
bit 0
ADON: ADC Enable bit
1 = ADC module is operating
0 = ADC module is shut-off and consumes no power
Note 1:
2:
CHS<3:0> bits default to 1 after any Reset.
If the ADON bit is clear, the GO/DONE bit cannot be set.
DS40001684F-page 56
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC16F570
REGISTER 9-2:
ADRES: A/D CONVERSION RESULTS REGISTER
R/W-X
R/W-X
R/W-X
R/W-X
R/W-X
R/W-X
R/W-X
R/W-X
ADRES7
ADRES6
ADRES5
ADRES4
ADRES3
ADRES2
ADRES1
ADRES0
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
bit 7-0
ADRES<7:0>: ADC Result Register bits
EXAMPLE 9-1:
PERFORMING AN
ANALOG-TO-DIGITAL
CONVERSION
EXAMPLE 9-2:
;Sample code operates out of BANK0
loop0
x = Bit is unknown
MOVLW 0xF1
;configure A/D
MOVWF ADCON0
BSF ADCON0, 1 ;start conversion
BTFSC ADCON0, 1;wait for ‘DONE’
GOTO loop0
MOVF ADRES, W ;read result
MOVWF result0 ;save result
loop1
;setup for read of
;channel 1
BSF ADCON0, 1 ;start conversion
BTFSC ADCON0, 1;wait for ‘DONE’
GOTO loop1
MOVF ADRES, W ;read result
MOVWF result1 ;save result
loop2
BSF ADCON0, 3 ;setup for read of
BCF ADCON0, 2 ;channel 2
BSF ADCON0, 1 ;start conversion
BTFSC ADCON0, 1;wait for ‘DONE’
GOTO loop2
MOVF ADRES, W ;read result
MOVWF result2 ;save result
MOVLW 0xF1
MOVWF ADCON0
BSF ADCON0, 1
BSF ADCON0, 2
;configure A/D
loop0
;start conversion
;setup for read of
;channel 1
BTFSC ADCON0, 1;wait for ‘DONE’
GOTO loop0
MOVF ADRES, W ;read result
MOVWF result0 ;save result
loop1
BSF ADCON0, 1 ;start conversion
BSF ADCON0, 3 ;setup for read of
BCF ADCON0, 2 ;channel 2
BTFSC ADCON0, 1;wait for ‘DONE’
GOTO loop1
MOVF ADRES, W ;read result
MOVWF result1 ;save result
BSF ADCON0, 2
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
CHANNEL SELECTION
CHANGE DURING
CONVERSION
loop2
BSF ADCON0, 1 ;start conversion
BTFSC ADCON0, 1;wait for ‘DONE’
GOTO loop2
MOVF ADRES, W ;read result
MOVWF result2 ;save result
CLRF ADCON0
;optional: returns
;pins to Digital mode and turns off
;the ADC module
DS40001684F-page 57
PIC16F570
9.1.7
SLEEP
This ADC does not have a dedicated ADC clock, and
therefore, no conversion in Sleep is possible. If a
conversion is underway and a Sleep command is
executed, the GO/DONE and ADON bit will be cleared.
This will stop any conversion in process and powerdown the ADC module to conserve power. Due to the
nature of the conversion process, the ADRES may contain a partial conversion. At least one bit must have
been converted prior to Sleep to have partial conversion data in ADRES. The ADCS and CHS bits are reset
to their default condition; ANS<7:0> = 1s and
CHS<3:0> = 1s.
• For accurate conversions, TAD must meet the
following:
• 500 ns < TAD < 50 s
• TAD = 1/(FOSC/divisor)
Shaded areas indicate TAD out of range for accurate
conversions. If analog input is desired at these
frequencies, use INTOSC/8 for the ADC clock source.
TABLE 9-1:
TAD FOR ADCS SETTINGS WITH VARIOUS OSCILLATORS
20
MHz
16
MHz
500
kHz
350
kHz
200
kHz
100
kHz
Source
ADCS
<1:0>
Divisor
INTOSC
11
4
—
—
.5 s
1 s
—
—
—
—
—
—
.25 s
.5 s
1 s
4 s
8 s
11 s
20 s
40 s
125 s
8 MHz 4 MHz 1 MHz
32 kHz
FOSC
10
4
.2 s
FOSC
01
8
.4 s
.5 s
1 s
2 s
8 s
16 s
23 s
40 s
80 s
250 s
FOSC
00
16
.8 s
1 s
2 s
4 s
16 s
32 s
46 s
80 s
160 s
500 s
TABLE 9-2:
EFFECTS OF SLEEP ON ADCON0
ANS<7:0>
ADCS1
ADCS0
CHS<3:0>
GO/DONE
ADON
Entering Sleep
Unchanged
1
1
1
0
0
Wake or Reset
1
1
1
1
0
0
DS40001684F-page 58
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC16F570
10.0
COMPARATOR(S)
This device contains two comparators
comparator voltage reference.
FIGURE 10-1:
and
a
COMPARATORS BLOCK DIAGRAM
C1OUT
C1PREF
C1IN+
1
C1OUTEN
+
C1IN-
0
C1OUT (Register)
1
Fixed Input
Reference
(VFIR)
0
C1NREF
C1POL
C1ON
0
T0CKI
1
T0CKI Pin
C1T0CS
Q
D
S
C2OUT
C2PREF1
C2IN+
READ
CM1CON0
C2OUTEN
1
+
0
1
C2OUT (Register)
0
C2PREF2
C2IN-
C2POL
C2ON
1
0
CVREF
C2NREF
Q
D
C2WU
S
CWIF
READ
CM2CON0
C1WU
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS40001684F-page 59
PIC16F570
10.1
Comparator Operation
10.4
A single comparator is shown in Figure 10-2 along with
the relationship between the analog input levels and
the digital output. When the analog input at VIN+ is less
than the analog input VIN-, the output of the comparator
is a digital low level. The shaded area of the output of
the comparator in Figure 10-2 represent the
uncertainty due to input offsets and response time. See
Table 15-2 for Common Mode Voltage.
FIGURE 10-2:
VIN+
Note:
10.5
Result
VIN-
The comparator output is read through the CxOUT bit
in the CM1CON0 or CM2CON0 register. This bit is
read-only. The comparator output may also be used
externally, see Section 10.1 “Comparator Operation”.
SINGLE COMPARATOR
+
–
Comparator Output
Analog levels on any pin that is defined as
a digital input may cause the input buffer
to consume more current than is
specified.
Comparator Wake-up Flag
The Comparator Wake-up Flag bit, CWIF, in the
INTCON0 register, is set whenever all of the following
conditions are met:
• C1WU = 0 (CM1CON0<0>) or
C2WU = 0 (CM2CON0<0>)
• CM1CON0 or CM2CON0 has been read to latch
the last known state of the C1OUT and C2OUT bit
(MOVF CM1CON0, W)
• The output of a comparator has changed state
VINVIN+
The wake-up flag may be cleared in software or by
another device Reset.
Result
10.6
10.2
Comparator Reference
An internal reference signal may be used depending on
the comparator operating mode. The analog signal that
is present at VIN- is compared to the signal at VIN+, and
the digital output of the comparator is adjusted
accordingly (Figure 10-2). Please see Section 11.0
“Comparator Voltage Reference Module” for internal
reference specifications.
10.3
Comparator Response Time
Response time is the minimum time after selecting a
new reference voltage or input source before the
comparator output is to have a valid level. If the
comparator inputs are changed, a delay must be used
to allow the comparator to settle to its new state. Please
see Table 15-2 for comparator response time
specifications.
DS40001684F-page 60
Comparator Operation During
Sleep
When the comparator is enabled it is active. To
minimize power consumption while in Sleep mode, turn
off the comparator before entering Sleep.
10.7
Effects of Reset
A Power-on Reset (POR) forces the CMxCON0
register to its Reset state. This forces the Comparator
input pins to analog Reset mode. Device current is
minimized when analog inputs are present at Reset
time.
10.8
Analog Input Connection
Considerations
A simplified circuit for an analog input is shown in
Figure 10-3. Since the analog pins are connected to a
digital output, they have reverse biased diodes to VDD
and VSS. The analog input, therefore, must be between
VSS and VDD. If the input voltage deviates from this
range by more than 0.6V in either direction, one of the
diodes is forward biased and a latch-up may occur. A
maximum
source
impedance
of
10 k
is
recommended for the analog sources. Any external
component connected to an analog input pin, such as
a capacitor or a Zener diode, should have very little
leakage current.
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC16F570
FIGURE 10-3:
ANALOG INPUT MODE
VDD
VT = 0.6V
RS < 10 K
RIC
AIN
VA
CPIN
5 pF
VT = 0.6V
ILEAKAGE
±500 nA
VSS
Legend:
CPIN
VT
ILEAKAGE
RIC
RS
VA
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
=
=
=
=
=
=
Input Capacitance
Threshold Voltage
Leakage Current at the Pin
Interconnect Resistance
Source Impedance
Analog Voltage
DS40001684F-page 61
PIC16F570
10.9
Register Definitions — Comparator Control
REGISTER 10-1:
CM1CON0: COMPARATOR C1 CONTROL REGISTER
R-1
R/W-1
R/W-1
R/W-1
R/W-1
R/W-1
R/W-1
R/W-1
C1OUT
C1OUTEN
C1POL
C1T0CS
C1ON
C1NREF
C1PREF
C1WU
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
bit 7
C1OUT: Comparator Output bit
1 = VIN+ > VIN0 = VIN+ < VIN-
bit 6
C1OUTEN: Comparator Output Enable bit(1)
1 = Output of comparator is NOT placed on the C1OUT pin
0 = Output of comparator is placed in the C1OUT pin
bit 5
C1POL: Comparator Output Polarity bit
1 = Output of comparator is not inverted
0 = Output of comparator is inverted
bit 4
C1T0CS: Comparator TMR0 Clock Source bit
1 = TMR0 clock source selected by T0CS control bit
0 = Comparator output used as TMR0 clock source
bit 3
C1ON: Comparator Enable bit
1 = Comparator is on
0 = Comparator is off
bit 2
C1NREF: Comparator Negative Reference Select bit(2)
1 = C1IN- pin
0 = 0.6V Fixed Input Reference (VFIR)
bit 1
C1PREF: Comparator Positive Reference Select bit(2)
1 = C1IN+ pin
0 = C1IN- pin
bit 0
C1WU: Comparator Wake-up On Change Enable bit(3)
1 = Wake-up On Comparator Change is disabled
0 = Wake-up On Comparator Change is enabled
Note 1:
x = Bit is unknown
Overrides TRIS control of the port.
2: When this bit selects an I/O pin and the comparator is turned on, this feature will override the TRIS and
ANSEL settings to make the respective pin an analog input. The value in the ANSEL register, however, is
not over-written. When the comparator is turned off, the respective pin will revert back to the original TRIS
and ANSEL settings.
3: The C1WU bit must be cleared to enable the CWIF function. See the INTCON0 register (Register 8-2) for
more information.
DS40001684F-page 62
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC16F570
REGISTER 10-2:
CM2CON0: COMPARATOR C2 CONTROL REGISTER
R-1
R/W-1
R/W-1
R/W-1
R/W-1
R/W-1
R/W-1
R/W-1
C2OUT
C2OUTEN
C2POL
C2PREF2
C2ON
C2NREF
C2PREF1
C2WU
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
bit 7
C2OUT: Comparator Output bit
1 = VIN+ > VIN0 = VIN+ < VIN-
bit 6
C2OUTEN: Comparator Output Enable bit(1)
1 = Output of comparator is NOT placed on the C2OUT pin
0 = Output of comparator is placed in the C2OUT pin
bit 5
C2POL: Comparator Output Polarity bit
1 = Output of comparator not inverted
0 = Output of comparator inverted
bit 4
C2PREF2: Comparator Positive Reference Select bit
1 = C1IN+ pin
0 = C2IN- pin
bit 3
C2ON: Comparator Enable bit
1 = Comparator is on
0 = Comparator is off
bit 2
C2NREF: Comparator Negative Reference Select bit(2)
1 = C2IN- pin
0 = CVREF
bit 1
C2PREF1: Comparator Positive Reference Select bit(2)
1 = C2IN+ pin
0 = C2PREF2 controls analog input selection
bit 0
C2WU: Comparator Wake-up on Change Enable bit(3)
1 = Wake-up on Comparator change is disabled
0 = Wake-up on Comparator change is enabled.
x = Bit is unknown
Note 1: Overrides TRIS control of the port.
2: When this bit selects an I/O pin and the comparator is turned on, this feature will override the TRIS and
ANSEL settings to make the respective pin an analog input. The value in the ANSEL register, however, is
not over-written. When the comparator is turned off, the respective pin will revert back to the original TRIS
and ANSEL settings.
3: The C2WU bit must be cleared to enable the CWIF function. See the INTCON0 register (Register 8-2) for
more information.
TABLE 10-1:
Name
STATUS
CM1CON0
CM2CON0
TRIS
REGISTERS ASSOCIATED WITH COMPARATOR MODULE
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
Register
on page
PA2
PA1
PA0
TO
PD
Z
DC
C
17
C1OUT
C1OUTEN
C1POL
C1T0CS
C1ON
C1NREF
C1PREF
C1WU
62
C2OUT
C2OUTEN
C2POL
C2PREF2
C2ON
C2NREF C2PREF1
C2WU
63
I/O Control Register (TRISA, TRISB, TRISC)
—
Legend: x = Unknown, u = Unchanged, – = Unimplemented, read as ‘0’, q = Depends on condition.
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS40001684F-page 63
PIC16F570
11.0
COMPARATOR VOLTAGE
REFERENCE MODULE
11.2
The Comparator Voltage Reference module also
allows the selection of an internally generated voltage
reference for one of the C2 comparator inputs. The
VRCON register (Register 11-1) controls the voltage
reference module shown in Figure 11-1.
11.1
Configuring the Voltage Reference
The voltage reference can output 32 voltage levels; 16
in a high range and 16 in a low range.
Equation 11-1 determines the output voltages:
EQUATION 11-1:
VRR = 1 (low range):
CVREF = (VR<3:0>/24) x VDD
VRR = 0 (high range):
Voltage Reference Accuracy
The full range of VSS to VDD cannot be realized due to
construction of the module. The transistors on the top
and bottom of the resistor ladder network (Figure 11-1)
keep CVREF from approaching VSS or VDD. The
exception is when the module is disabled by clearing
the VREN bit of the VRCON register. When disabled,
the reference voltage is VSS when VR<3:0> is ‘0000’
and the VRR bit of the VRCON register is set. This
allows the comparator to detect a zero-crossing and
not consume the CVREF module current.
The voltage reference is VDD derived and, therefore,
the CVREF output changes with fluctuations in VDD. The
tested absolute accuracy of the comparator voltage
reference can be found in Section 15.0 “Electrical
Characteristics”.
CVREF = (VDD/4) + (VR<3:0> x VDD/32)
REGISTER 11-1:
VRCON: VOLTAGE REFERENCE CONTROL REGISTER
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-1
R/W-1
R/W-1
R/W-1
R/W-1
VREN
VROE1
VROE2
VRR
VR3
VR2
VR1
VR0
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
bit 7
VREN: CVREF Enable bit
1 = CVREF is powered on
0 = CVREF is powered down, no current is drawn
bit 6
VROE1: CVREF1 Output Enable bit(1)
1 = CVREF1 output is enabled
0 = CVREF1 output is disabled
bit 5
VROE2: CVREF2 Output Enable bit(1)
1 = CVREF2 output is enabled
0 = CVREF2 output is disabled
bit 4
VRR: CVREF Range Selection bit
1 = Low range
0 = High range
bit 3-0
VR<3:0> CVREF Value Selection bits
When VRR = 1: CVREF= (VR<3:0>/24)*VDD
When VRR = 0: CVREF= VDD/4+(VR<3:0>/32)*VDD
x = Bit is unknown
Note 1: When this bit is set, the TRIS for the CVREFX pin is overridden and the analog voltage is placed on the
CVREFX pin.
DS40001684F-page 64
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC16F570
FIGURE 11-1:
COMPARATOR VOLTAGE REFERENCE BLOCK DIAGRAM
16 Stages
8R
R
R
R
R
VDD
8R
VRR
16-1 Analog
MUX
VREN
CVREF to
Comparator 2
Input
VR<3:0>
CVREFX
VREN
VR<3:0> = 0000
VRR
VROE
TABLE 11-1:
Name
VRCON
CM2CON0
REGISTERS ASSOCIATED WITH COMPARATOR VOLTAGE REFERENCE
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
Register
on page
VREN
VROE1
VROE2
VRR
VR3
VR2
VR1
VR0
64
C2OUT
C2OUTEN
C2POL
C2PREF2
C2ON
C2NREF
C2PREF1
C2WU
63
Legend: x = unknown, u = unchanged, – = unimplemented, read as ‘0’, q = value depends on condition.
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS40001684F-page 65
PIC16F570
12.0
OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER
(OPA) MODULE
The OPA module has the following features:
• Two independent Operational Amplifiers
• External connections to all ports
• 3 MHz Gain Bandwidth Product (GBWP)
12.1
OPACON Register
The OPA module is enabled by setting the OPAxON bit
of the OPACON register.
Note:
When OPA1 or OPA2 is enabled, the OP1
pin or OP2 pin, respectively, is driven by
the op amp output, not by the port driver.
Refer to Table 15-13 for the electrical
specifications for the op amp output drive
capability.
FIGURE 12-1:
OPA MODULE BLOCK DIAGRAM
OPACON<OPA1ON>
OP1+
OPA1
OP1OP1
OPACON<OPA2ON>
OP2+
OPA2
OP2OP2
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REGISTER 12-1:
OPACON: OP AMP CONTROL REGISTER
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
—
—
—
—
—
—
OPA2ON
OPA1ON
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
bit 7-2
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 1
OPA2ON: Op Amp Enable bit
1 = Op amp 2 is enabled
0 = Op amp 2 is disabled
bit 0
OPA1ON: Op Amp Enable bit
1 = Op amp 1 is enabled
0 = Op amp 1 is disabled
12.2
Effects of a Reset
Leakage current is a measure of the small source or
sink currents on the OP+ and OP- inputs. To minimize
the effect of leakage currents, the effective impedances
connected to the OP+ and OP- inputs should be kept
as small as possible and equal.
A device Reset forces all registers to their Reset state.
This disables both op amps.
12.3
OPA Module Performance
Input offset voltage is a measure of the voltage difference between the OP+ and OP- inputs in a closed loop
circuit with the OPA in its linear region. The offset voltage will appear as a DC offset in the output equal to the
input offset voltage, multiplied by the gain of the circuit.
The input offset voltage is also affected by the common
mode voltage.
Common AC and DC performance specifications for
the OPA module:
•
•
•
•
•
Common Mode Voltage Range
Leakage Current
Input Offset Voltage
Open Loop Gain
Gain Bandwidth Product (GBWP)
Open loop gain is the ratio of the output voltage to the
differential input voltage, (OP+) - (OP-). The gain is
greatest at DC and falls off with frequency.
Common mode voltage range is the specified voltage
range for the OP+ and OP- inputs, for which the OPA
module will perform to within its specifications. The
OPA module is designed to operate with input voltages
between 0 and VDD-1.4V. Behavior for common mode
voltages greater than VDD-1.4V, or below 0V, are
beyond the normal operating range.
TABLE 12-1:
Gain Bandwidth Product or GBWP is the frequency
at which the open loop gain falls off to 0 dB.
12.4
Effects of Sleep
When enabled, the op amps continue to operate and
consume current while the processor is in Sleep mode.
REGISTERS ASSOCIATED WITH THE OPA MODULE
Name
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
ANSEL
OPACON
ANS7
—
ANS6
—
ANS5
—
ANS4
—
ANS3
—
ANS2
—
TRIS
x = Bit is unknown
I/O Control Registers (TRISA, TRISB, TRISC)
Bit 1
Bit 0
ANS1
ANS0
OPA2ON OPA1ON
Register on
page
30
67
—
Legend: x = unknown, u = unchanged, - = unimplemented, read as ‘0’. Shaded cells are not used for the OPA
module.
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PIC16F570
13.0
INSTRUCTION SET SUMMARY
The PIC16 instruction set is highly orthogonal and is
comprised of three basic categories.
• Byte-oriented operations
• Bit-oriented operations
• Literal and control operations
Each PIC16 instruction is a 12-bit word divided into an
opcode, which specifies the instruction type, and one
or more operands which further specify the operation
of the instruction. The formats for each of the
categories is presented in Figure 13-1, while the
various opcode fields are summarized in Table 13-1.
For byte-oriented instructions, ‘f’ represents a file
register designator and ‘d’ represents a destination
designator. The file register designator specifies which
file register is to be used by the instruction.
The destination designator specifies where the result of
the operation is to be placed. If ‘d’ is ‘0’, the result is
placed in the W register. If ‘d’ is ‘1’, the result is placed
in the file register specified in the instruction.
For bit-oriented instructions, ‘b’ represents a bit field
designator which selects the number of the bit affected
by the operation, while ‘f’ represents the number of the
file in which the bit is located.
For literal and control operations, ‘k’ represents an
8 or 9-bit constant or literal value.
TABLE 13-1:
Description
Register file address (0x00 to 0x1F)
W
Working register (accumulator)
b
Bit address within an 8-bit file register
k
Literal field, constant data or label
x
Don’t care location (= 0 or 1)
The assembler will generate code with x = 0. It is
the recommended form of use for compatibility with
all Microchip software tools.
d
Destination select;
d = 0 (store result in W)
d = 1 (store result in file register ‘f’)
Default is d = 1
label
Label name
TOS
Top-of-Stack
PC
WDT
TO
Power-down bit
[
]
Options
(
)
Contents
italics
FIGURE 13-1:
GENERAL FORMAT FOR
INSTRUCTIONS
Byte-oriented file register operations
11
6
OPCODE
5
d
4
0
f (FILE #)
d = 0 for destination W
d = 1 for destination f
f = 5-bit file register address
Bit-oriented file register operations
11
OPCODE
8 7
5 4
b (BIT #)
0
f (FILE #)
b = 3-bit bit address
f = 5-bit file register address
Literal and control operations (except GOTO)
11
8
7
OPCODE
0
k (literal)
k = 8-bit immediate value
Literal and control operations – GOTO instruction
11
9
8
OPCODE
0
k (literal)
k = 9-bit immediate value
Watchdog Timer counter
Destination, either the W register or the specified
register file location
Œ
where ‘h’ signifies a hexadecimal digit.
Time-out bit
PD
< >
0xhhh
Program Counter
dest
Æ
Figure 13-1 shows the three general formats that the
instructions can have. All examples in the figure use
the following format to represent a hexadecimal
number:
OPCODE FIELD
DESCRIPTIONS
Field
f
All instructions are executed within a single instruction
cycle, unless a conditional test is true or the program
counter is changed as a result of an instruction. In this
case, the execution takes two instruction cycles. One
instruction cycle consists of four oscillator periods.
Thus, for an oscillator frequency of 4 MHz, the normal
instruction execution time is 1 s. If a conditional test is
true or the program counter is changed as a result of an
instruction, the instruction execution time is 2 s.
Assigned to
Register bit field
In the set of
User defined term (font is courier)
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TABLE 13-2:
INSTRUCTION SET SUMMARY
Mnemonic,
Operands
ADDWF
ANDWF
CLRF
CLRW
COMF
DECF
DECFSZ
INCF
INCFSZ
IORWF
MOVF
MOVWF
NOP
RLF
RRF
SUBWF
SWAPF
XORWF
12-Bit Opcode
Description
Cycles
MSb
LSb
Status
Notes
Affected
f, d
f, d
f
—
f, d
f, d
f, d
f, d
f, d
f, d
f, d
f
—
f, d
f, d
f, d
f, d
f, d
0001 11df ffff C, DC, Z 1, 2, 4
Add W and f
1
0001 01df ffff
AND W with f
1
Z
2, 4
0000 011f ffff
Clear f
1
Z
4
0000 0100 0000
Clear W
1
Z
0010 01df ffff
Complement f
1
Z
0000 11df ffff
Decrement f
1
Z
2, 4
0010 11df ffff
Decrement f, Skip if 0
1(2)
None
2, 4
1
0010 10df ffff
Increment f
Z
2, 4
1(2)
0011 11df ffff
Increment f, Skip if 0
None
2, 4
1
0001 00df ffff
Inclusive OR W with f
Z
2, 4
1
0010 00df ffff
Move f
Z
2, 4
1
0000 001f ffff
Move W to f
None
1, 4
1
0000 0000 0000
No Operation
None
1
0011 01df ffff
Rotate left f through Carry
C
2, 4
1
0011 00df ffff
Rotate right f through Carry
C
2, 4
1
0000 10df ffff C, DC, Z 1, 2, 4
Subtract W from f
1
0011 10df ffff
Swap f
None
2, 4
1
0001 10df ffff
Exclusive OR W with f
Z
2, 4
BIT-ORIENTED FILE REGISTER OPERATIONS
0100 bbbf ffff
None
2, 4
1
Bit Clear f
BCF
f, b
0101 bbbf ffff
None
2, 4
1
Bit Set f
BSF
f, b
0110 bbbf ffff
None
Bit Test f, Skip if Clear
1(2)
BTFSC
f, b
1(2)
0111 bbbf ffff
None
f, b
Bit Test f, Skip if Set
BTFSS
LITERAL AND CONTROL OPERATIONS
ANDLW
k
AND literal with W
1
1110 kkkk kkkk
Z
1
CALL
k
Call Subroutine
2
1001 kkkk kkkk
None
CLRWDT
—
Clear Watchdog Timer
1
0000 0000 0100 TO, PD
None
GOTO
k
Unconditional branch
2
101k kkkk kkkk
Z
IORLW
k
Inclusive OR literal with W
1
1101 kkkk kkkk
None
MOVLB
k
Move Literal to BSR Register
1
0000 0001 0kkk
None
MOVLW
k
Move literal to W
1
1100 kkkk kkkk
None
OPTION
—
Load OPTION register
1
0000 0000 0010
None
RETFIE
—
Return from Interrupt
2
0000 0001 1111
3
None
RETLW
k
Return, place literal in W
2
1000 kkkk kkkk
None
RETURN
—
Return, maintain W
2
0000 0001 1110
SLEEP
—
Go into Standby mode
1
0000 0000 0011 TO, PD
None
TRIS
f
Load TRIS register
1
0000 0000 0fff
Z
XORLW
k
Exclusive OR literal to W
1
1111 kkkk kkkk
Note 1: The 9th bit of the program counter will be forced to a ‘0’ by any instruction that writes to the PC except for
GOTO. See Section 4.6 “Program Counter”.
2: When an I/O register is modified as a function of itself (e.g. MOVF PORTB, 1), the value used will be that
value present on the pins themselves. For example, if the data latch is ‘1’ for a pin configured as input and
is driven low by an external device, the data will be written back with a ‘0’.
3: The instruction TRIS f, where f = 6, causes the contents of the W register to be written to the tri-state
latches of PORTA. A ‘1’ forces the pin to a high-impedance state and disables the output buffers.
4: If this instruction is executed on the TMR0 register (and, where applicable, d = 1), the prescaler will be
cleared (if assigned to TMR0).
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PIC16F570
ADDWF
Add W and f
BCF
f,d
Bit Clear f
Syntax:
[ label ] ADDWF
Syntax:
[ label ] BCF
Operands:
0  f  31
d 01
Operands:
0  f  31
0b7
Operation:
(W) + (f)  (dest)
Operation:
0  (f<b>)
Status Affected: C, DC, Z
Status Affected:
None
Description:
Description:
Bit ‘b’ in register ‘f’ is cleared.
BSF
Bit Set f
Syntax:
[ label ] BSF
Operands:
0  f  31
0b7
Status Affected: Z
Operation:
1  (f<b>)
Description:
Status Affected:
None
Description:
Bit ‘b’ in register ‘f’ is set.
BTFSC
Bit Test f, Skip if Clear
Add the contents of the W register
and register ‘f’. If ‘d’ is’0’, the result
is stored in the W register. If ‘d’ is
‘1’, the result is stored back in
register ‘f’.
ANDLW
AND literal with W
Syntax:
[ label ] ANDLW
k
Operands:
0  k  255
Operation:
(W).AND. (k)  (W)
The contents of the W register are
AND’ed with the 8-bit literal ‘k’. The
result is placed in the W register.
ANDWF
AND W with f
Syntax:
[ label ] ANDWF
Operands:
0  f  31
d [0,1]
Operation:
f,d
Description:
The contents of the W register are
AND’ed with register ‘f’. If ‘d’ is ‘0’,
the result is stored in the W register.
If ‘d’ is ‘1’, the result is stored back
in register ‘f’.
DS40001684F-page 70
f,b
Syntax:
[ label ] BTFSC f,b
Operands:
0  f  31
0b7
Operation:
skip if (f<b>) = 0
Status Affected:
None
Description:
If bit ‘b’ in register ‘f’ is ‘0’, then the
next instruction is skipped.
If bit ‘b’ is ‘0’, then the next instruction fetched during the current
instruction execution is discarded,
and a NOP is executed instead,
making this a 2-cycle instruction.
(W) .AND. (f)  (dest)
Status Affected: Z
f,b
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC16F570
BTFSS
Bit Test f, Skip if Set
CLRW
Syntax:
[ label ] BTFSS f,b
Syntax:
[ label ] CLRW
0  f  31
0b<7
Operands:
None
Operation:
00h  (W);
1Z
Operands:
Clear W
Operation:
skip if (f<b>) = 1
Status Affected:
None
Status Affected:
Z
Description:
If bit ‘b’ in register ‘f’ is ‘1’, then the
next instruction is skipped.
If bit ‘b’ is ‘1’, then the next instruction fetched during the current
instruction execution, is discarded
and a NOP is executed instead,
making this a 2-cycle instruction.
Description:
The W register is cleared. Zero bit
(Z) is set.
CALL
Subroutine Call
CLRWDT
Clear Watchdog Timer
Syntax:
[ label ] CALL k
Syntax:
[ label ] CLRWDT
Operands:
0  k  255
Operands:
None
Operation:
(PC) + 1 Top-of-Stack;
k  PC<7:0>;
(STATUS<6:5>)  PC<10:9>;
0  PC<8>
Operation:
00h  WDT;
0  WDT prescaler (if assigned);
1  TO;
1  PD
Status Affected:
None
Status Affected:
TO, PD
Description:
Subroutine call. First, return
address (PC + 1) is PUSHed onto
the stack. The 8-bit immediate
address is loaded into PC
bits <7:0>. The upper bits
PC<10:9> are loaded from
STATUS<6:5>, PC<8> is cleared.
CALL is a 2-cycle instruction.
Description:
The CLRWDT instruction resets the
WDT. It also resets the prescaler, if
the prescaler is assigned to the
WDT and not Timer0. Status bits
TO and PD are set.
CLRF
Clear f
COMF
Complement f
Syntax:
[ label ] CLRF
Syntax:
[ label ] COMF
Operands:
0  f  31
Operands:
Operation:
00h  (f);
1Z
0  f  31
d  [0,1]
Operation:
(f)  (dest)
Status Affected:
Z
Status Affected:
Z
Description:
The contents of register ‘f’ are
cleared and the Z bit is set.
Description:
The contents of register ‘f’ are
complemented. If ‘d’ is ‘0’, the
result is stored in the W register. If
‘d’ is ‘1’, the result is stored back in
register ‘f’.
f
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
f,d
DS40001684F-page 71
PIC16F570
DECF
Decrement f
INCF
Syntax:
[ label ] DECF f,d
Syntax:
[ label ]
Operands:
0  f  31
d  [0,1]
Operands:
0  f  31
d  [0,1]
Operation:
(f) – 1  (dest)
Operation:
(f) + 1  (dest)
Status Affected:
Z
Status Affected:
Z
Description:
Decrement register ‘f’. If ‘d’ is ‘0’,
the result is stored in the W
register. If ‘d’ is ‘1’, the result is
stored back in register ‘f’.
Description:
The contents of register ‘f’ are
incremented. If ‘d’ is ‘0’, the result
is placed in the W register. If ‘d’ is
‘1’, the result is placed back in
register ‘f’.
DECFSZ
Decrement f, Skip if 0
INCFSZ
Increment f, Skip if 0
Syntax:
[ label ] DECFSZ f,d
Syntax:
[ label ]
Operands:
0  f  31
d  [0,1]
Operands:
0  f  31
d  [0,1]
Operation:
(f) – 1  d;
Operation:
(f) + 1  (dest), skip if result = 0
Status Affected:
None
Status Affected:
None
Description:
The contents of register ‘f’ are
decremented. If ‘d’ is ‘0’, the result
is placed in the W register. If ‘d’ is
‘1’, the result is placed back in
register ‘f’.
If the result is ‘0’, the next instruction, which is already fetched, is
discarded and a NOP is executed
instead making it a 2-cycle instruction.
Description:
The contents of register ‘f’ are
incremented. If ‘d’ is ‘0’, the result
is placed in the W register. If ‘d’ is
‘1’, the result is placed back in
register ‘f’.
If the result is ‘0’, then the next
instruction, which is already
fetched, is discarded and a NOP is
executed instead making it a
2-cycle instruction.
GOTO
Unconditional Branch
IORLW
Inclusive OR literal with W
Syntax:
[ label ]
Syntax:
[ label ]
Operands:
0  k  511
Operands:
0  k  255
Operation:
k  PC<8:0>;
STATUS<6:5>  PC<10:9>
Operation:
(W) .OR. (k)  (W)
Status Affected:
Z
Status Affected:
None
Description:
Description:
GOTO is an unconditional branch.
The 9-bit immediate value is
loaded into PC bits <8:0>. The
upper bits of PC are loaded from
STATUS<6:5>. GOTO is a 2-cycle
instruction.
The contents of the W register are
OR’ed with the 8-bit literal ‘k’. The
result is placed in the W register.
DS40001684F-page 72
skip if result = 0
GOTO k
Increment f
INCF f,d
INCFSZ f,d
IORLW k
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PIC16F570
IORWF
Inclusive OR W with f
MOVWF
Syntax:
[ label ]
Syntax:
[ label ]
Operands:
0  f  31
d  [0,1]
Operands:
0  f  31
Operation:
(W).OR. (f)  (dest)
(W)  (f)
Operation:
Status Affected:
None
Status Affected:
Z
Description:
Description:
Inclusive OR the W register with
register ‘f’. If ‘d’ is ‘0’, the result is
placed in the W register. If ‘d’ is ‘1’,
the result is placed back in register
‘f’.
Move data from the W register to
register ‘f’.
MOVF
Move f
NOP
No Operation
Syntax:
[ label ]
Syntax:
[ label ]
Operands:
0  f  31
d  [0,1]
Operands:
None
Operation:
No operation
IORWF
f,d
MOVF f,d
Move W to f
MOVWF
f
NOP
Operation:
(f)  (dest)
Status Affected:
None
Status Affected:
Z
Description:
No operation.
Description:
The contents of register ‘f’ are
moved to destination ‘d’. If ‘d’ is ‘0’,
destination is the W register. If ‘d’
is ‘1’, the destination is file
register ‘f’. ‘d’ = 1 is useful as a
test of a file register, since status
flag Z is affected.
MOVLB
Move Literal to BSR
OPTION
Load OPTION Register
Syntax:
[ label ]
Syntax:
[ label ]
Operands:
0k7
Operands:
None
Operation:
k  (BSR)
Operation:
(W)  OPTION
Status Affected:
None
Status Affected:
None
Description:
The content of the W register is
loaded into the OPTION register.
MOVLB k
Description:
The 3-bit literal ‘k’ is loaded into
the BSR register.
MOVLW
Move Literal to W
MOVLW k
OPTION
RETFIE
Return From Interrupt
Syntax:
[ label ]
RETFIE
Syntax:
[ label ]
Operands:
0  k  255
Operands:
None
Operation:
k  (W)
Operation:
TOS  PC
1 GIE
Status Affected:
None
Status Affected:
None
Description:
The 8-bit literal ‘k’ is loaded into
the W register. The “don’t cares”
will assembled as ‘0’s.
Description:
The program counter is loaded
from the top of the stack (the
return address).
GIE bit of INTCON0 is set.
This is a 2-cycle instruction.
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PIC16F570
RETLW
Return with Literal in W
RRF
Syntax:
[ label ]
Syntax:
[ label ]
Operands:
0  k  255
Operands:
Operation:
k  (W);
TOS  PC
0  f  31
d  [0,1]
Operation:
See description below
Status Affected:
None
Status Affected:
C
Description:
The W register is loaded with the
8-bit literal ‘k’. The program
counter is loaded from the top of
the stack (the return address). This
is a 2-cycle instruction.
Description:
The contents of register ‘f’ are
rotated one bit to the right through
the Carry flag. If ‘d’ is ‘0’, the result
is placed in the W register. If ‘d’ is
‘1’, the result is placed back in
register ‘f’.
RETURN
Return
Syntax:
[ label ]
RETLW k
None
TOS  PC
Status Affected:
None
Description:
The program counter is loaded
from the top of the stack (the
return address). This is a 2-cycle
instruction.
Rotate Left f through Carry
Syntax:
[ label ]
Operands:
0  f  31
d  [0,1]
Operation:
See description below
RLF
SLEEP
Enter SLEEP Mode
Syntax:
[label ]
Operands:
None
Operation:
00h  WDT;
0  WDT prescaler;
1  TO;
0  PD
Status Affected:
TO, PD, RBWUF
Description:
Time-out Status bit (TO) is set. The
Power-down Status bit (PD) is
cleared.
RBWUF is unaffected.
The WDT and its prescaler are
cleared.
The processor is put into Sleep
mode with the oscillator stopped.
See Section 8.10 “Power-down
Mode (Sleep)” on Sleep for more
details.
SUBWF
Subtract W from f
f,d
Status Affected:
C
Description:
The contents of register ‘f’ are
rotated 1 bit to the left through the
Carry flag. If ‘d’ is ‘0’, the result is
placed in the W register. If ‘d’ is ‘1’,
the result is stored back in register
‘f’.
DS40001684F-page 74
register ‘f’
RETURN
Operation:
C
RRF f,d
C
Operands:
RLF
Rotate Right f through Carry
register ‘f’
SLEEP
Syntax:
[label ]
Operands:
0 f 31
d  [0,1]
Operation:
(f) – (W) dest)
Status Affected:
C, DC, Z
Description:
Subtract (2’s complement method)
the W register from register ‘f’. If ‘d’
is ‘0’, the result is stored in the W
register. If ‘d’ is ‘1’, the result is
stored back in register ‘f’.
SUBWF f,d
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC16F570
SWAPF
Swap Nibbles in f
Syntax:
[ label ] SWAPF f,d
Operands:
0  f  31
d  [0,1]
Operation:
(f<3:0>)  (dest<7:4>);
(f<7:4>)  (dest<3:0>)
Status Affected:
None
Description:
The upper and lower nibbles of
register ‘f’ are exchanged. If ‘d’ is
‘0’, the result is placed in W
register. If ‘d’ is ‘1’, the result is
placed in register ‘f’.
TRIS
Load TRIS Register
Syntax:
[ label ] TRIS
f
Operands:
f=6
Operation:
(W)  TRIS register f
Status Affected:
None
Description:
TRIS register ‘f’ (f = 6, 7 or 8) is
loaded with the contents of the W
register
XORLW
Exclusive OR literal with W
Syntax:
[ label ] XORLW k
Operands:
0 k 255
Operation:
(W) .XOR. k W)
Status Affected:
Z
Description:
The contents of the W register are
XOR’ed with the 8-bit literal ‘k’.
The result is placed in the W
register.
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS40001684F-page 75
PIC16F570
14.0
DEVELOPMENT SUPPORT
The PIC® microcontrollers (MCU) and dsPIC® digital
signal controllers (DSC) are supported with a full range
of software and hardware development tools:
• Integrated Development Environment
- MPLAB® X IDE Software
• Compilers/Assemblers/Linkers
- MPLAB XC Compiler
- MPASMTM Assembler
- MPLINKTM Object Linker/
MPLIBTM Object Librarian
- MPLAB Assembler/Linker/Librarian for
Various Device Families
• Simulators
- MPLAB X SIM Software Simulator
• Emulators
- MPLAB REAL ICE™ In-Circuit Emulator
• In-Circuit Debuggers/Programmers
- MPLAB ICD 3
- PICkit™ 3
• Device Programmers
- MPLAB PM3 Device Programmer
• Low-Cost Demonstration/Development Boards,
Evaluation Kits and Starter Kits
• Third-party development tools
14.1
MPLAB X Integrated Development
Environment Software
The MPLAB X IDE is a single, unified graphical user
interface for Microchip and third-party software, and
hardware development tool that runs on Windows®,
Linux and Mac OS® X. Based on the NetBeans IDE,
MPLAB X IDE is an entirely new IDE with a host of free
software components and plug-ins for highperformance application development and debugging.
Moving between tools and upgrading from software
simulators to hardware debugging and programming
tools is simple with the seamless user interface.
With complete project management, visual call graphs,
a configurable watch window and a feature-rich editor
that includes code completion and context menus,
MPLAB X IDE is flexible and friendly enough for new
users. With the ability to support multiple tools on
multiple projects with simultaneous debugging, MPLAB
X IDE is also suitable for the needs of experienced
users.
Feature-Rich Editor:
• Color syntax highlighting
• Smart code completion makes suggestions and
provides hints as you type
• Automatic code formatting based on user-defined
rules
• Live parsing
User-Friendly, Customizable Interface:
• Fully customizable interface: toolbars, toolbar
buttons, windows, window placement, etc.
• Call graph window
Project-Based Workspaces:
•
•
•
•
Multiple projects
Multiple tools
Multiple configurations
Simultaneous debugging sessions
File History and Bug Tracking:
• Local file history feature
• Built-in support for Bugzilla issue tracker
DS40001684F-page 76
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC16F570
14.2
MPLAB XC Compilers
The MPLAB XC Compilers are complete ANSI C
compilers for all of Microchip’s 8, 16, and 32-bit MCU
and DSC devices. These compilers provide powerful
integration capabilities, superior code optimization and
ease of use. MPLAB XC Compilers run on Windows,
Linux or MAC OS X.
For easy source level debugging, the compilers provide
debug information that is optimized to the MPLAB X
IDE.
The free MPLAB XC Compiler editions support all
devices and commands, with no time or memory
restrictions, and offer sufficient code optimization for
most applications.
MPLAB XC Compilers include an assembler, linker and
utilities. The assembler generates relocatable object
files that can then be archived or linked with other relocatable object files and archives to create an executable file. MPLAB XC Compiler uses the assembler to
produce its object file. Notable features of the assembler include:
•
•
•
•
•
•
Support for the entire device instruction set
Support for fixed-point and floating-point data
Command-line interface
Rich directive set
Flexible macro language
MPLAB X IDE compatibility
14.3
MPASM Assembler
The MPASM Assembler is a full-featured, universal
macro assembler for PIC10/12/16/18 MCUs.
The MPASM Assembler generates relocatable object
files for the MPLINK Object Linker, Intel® standard HEX
files, MAP files to detail memory usage and symbol
reference, absolute LST files that contain source lines
and generated machine code, and COFF files for
debugging.
14.4
MPLINK Object Linker/
MPLIB Object Librarian
The MPLINK Object Linker combines relocatable
objects created by the MPASM Assembler. It can link
relocatable objects from precompiled libraries, using
directives from a linker script.
The MPLIB Object Librarian manages the creation and
modification of library files of precompiled code. When
a routine from a library is called from a source file, only
the modules that contain that routine will be linked in
with the application. This allows large libraries to be
used efficiently in many different applications.
The object linker/library features include:
• Efficient linking of single libraries instead of many
smaller files
• Enhanced code maintainability by grouping
related modules together
• Flexible creation of libraries with easy module
listing, replacement, deletion and extraction
14.5
MPLAB Assembler, Linker and
Librarian for Various Device
Families
MPLAB Assembler produces relocatable machine
code from symbolic assembly language for PIC24,
PIC32 and dsPIC DSC devices. MPLAB XC Compiler
uses the assembler to produce its object file. The
assembler generates relocatable object files that can
then be archived or linked with other relocatable object
files and archives to create an executable file. Notable
features of the assembler include:
•
•
•
•
•
•
Support for the entire device instruction set
Support for fixed-point and floating-point data
Command-line interface
Rich directive set
Flexible macro language
MPLAB X IDE compatibility
The MPASM Assembler features include:
• Integration into MPLAB X IDE projects
• User-defined macros to streamline
assembly code
• Conditional assembly for multipurpose
source files
• Directives that allow complete control over the
assembly process
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS40001684F-page 77
PIC16F570
14.6
MPLAB X SIM Software Simulator
The MPLAB X SIM Software Simulator allows code
development in a PC-hosted environment by simulating the PIC MCUs and dsPIC DSCs on an instruction
level. On any given instruction, the data areas can be
examined or modified and stimuli can be applied from
a comprehensive stimulus controller. Registers can be
logged to files for further run-time analysis. The trace
buffer and logic analyzer display extend the power of
the simulator to record and track program execution,
actions on I/O, most peripherals and internal registers.
The MPLAB X SIM Software Simulator fully supports
symbolic debugging using the MPLAB XC Compilers,
and the MPASM and MPLAB Assemblers. The software simulator offers the flexibility to develop and
debug code outside of the hardware laboratory environment, making it an excellent, economical software
development tool.
14.7
MPLAB REAL ICE In-Circuit
Emulator System
The MPLAB REAL ICE In-Circuit Emulator System is
Microchip’s next generation high-speed emulator for
Microchip Flash DSC and MCU devices. It debugs and
programs all 8, 16 and 32-bit MCU, and DSC devices
with the easy-to-use, powerful graphical user interface of
the MPLAB X IDE.
The emulator is connected to the design engineer’s
PC using a high-speed USB 2.0 interface and is
connected to the target with either a connector
compatible with in-circuit debugger systems (RJ-11)
or with the new high-speed, noise tolerant, LowVoltage Differential Signal (LVDS) interconnection
(CAT5).
The emulator is field upgradable through future firmware
downloads in MPLAB X IDE. MPLAB REAL ICE offers
significant advantages over competitive emulators
including full-speed emulation, run-time variable
watches, trace analysis, complex breakpoints, logic
probes, a ruggedized probe interface and long (up to
three meters) interconnection cables.
DS40001684F-page 78
14.8
MPLAB ICD 3 In-Circuit Debugger
System
The MPLAB ICD 3 In-Circuit Debugger System is
Microchip’s most cost-effective, high-speed hardware
debugger/programmer for Microchip Flash DSC and
MCU devices. It debugs and programs PIC Flash
microcontrollers and dsPIC DSCs with the powerful,
yet easy-to-use graphical user interface of the MPLAB
IDE.
The MPLAB ICD 3 In-Circuit Debugger probe is
connected to the design engineer’s PC using a highspeed USB 2.0 interface and is connected to the target
with a connector compatible with the MPLAB ICD 2 or
MPLAB REAL ICE systems (RJ-11). MPLAB ICD 3
supports all MPLAB ICD 2 headers.
14.9
PICkit 3 In-Circuit Debugger/
Programmer
The MPLAB PICkit 3 allows debugging and programming of PIC and dsPIC Flash microcontrollers at a most
affordable price point using the powerful graphical user
interface of the MPLAB IDE. The MPLAB PICkit 3 is
connected to the design engineer’s PC using a fullspeed USB interface and can be connected to the target via a Microchip debug (RJ-11) connector (compatible with MPLAB ICD 3 and MPLAB REAL ICE). The
connector uses two device I/O pins and the Reset line
to implement in-circuit debugging and In-Circuit Serial
Programming™ (ICSP™).
14.10 MPLAB PM3 Device Programmer
The MPLAB PM3 Device Programmer is a universal,
CE compliant device programmer with programmable
voltage verification at VDDMIN and VDDMAX for
maximum reliability. It features a large LCD display
(128 x 64) for menus and error messages, and a modular, detachable socket assembly to support various
package types. The ICSP cable assembly is included
as a standard item. In Stand-Alone mode, the MPLAB
PM3 Device Programmer can read, verify and program
PIC devices without a PC connection. It can also set
code protection in this mode. The MPLAB PM3
connects to the host PC via an RS-232 or USB cable.
The MPLAB PM3 has high-speed communications and
optimized algorithms for quick programming of large
memory devices, and incorporates an MMC card for file
storage and data applications.
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC16F570
14.11 Demonstration/Development
Boards, Evaluation Kits, and
Starter Kits
A wide variety of demonstration, development and
evaluation boards for various PIC MCUs and dsPIC
DSCs allows quick application development on fully
functional systems. Most boards include prototyping
areas for adding custom circuitry and provide application firmware and source code for examination and
modification.
The boards support a variety of features, including LEDs,
temperature sensors, switches, speakers, RS-232
interfaces, LCD displays, potentiometers and additional
EEPROM memory.
14.12 Third-Party Development Tools
Microchip also offers a great collection of tools from
third-party vendors. These tools are carefully selected
to offer good value and unique functionality.
• Device Programmers and Gang Programmers
from companies, such as SoftLog and CCS
• Software Tools from companies, such as Gimpel
and Trace Systems
• Protocol Analyzers from companies, such as
Saleae and Total Phase
• Demonstration Boards from companies, such as
MikroElektronika, Digilent® and Olimex
• Embedded Ethernet Solutions from companies,
such as EZ Web Lynx, WIZnet and IPLogika®
The demonstration and development boards can be
used in teaching environments, for prototyping custom
circuits and for learning about various microcontroller
applications.
In addition to the PICDEM™ and dsPICDEM™
demonstration/development board series of circuits,
Microchip has a line of evaluation kits and demonstration software for analog filter design, KEELOQ® security
ICs, CAN, IrDA®, PowerSmart battery management,
SEEVAL® evaluation system, Sigma-Delta ADC, flow
rate sensing, plus many more.
Also available are starter kits that contain everything
needed to experience the specified device. This usually
includes a single application and debug capability, all
on one board.
Check the Microchip web page (www.microchip.com)
for the complete list of demonstration, development
and evaluation kits.
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS40001684F-page 79
PIC16F570
15.0
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Absolute Maximum Ratings(†)
Ambient temperature under bias ..........................................................................................................-40°C to +125°C
Storage temperature ............................................................................................................................-65°C to +150°C
Voltage on VDD with respect to VSS ...............................................................................................................0 to +6.5V
Voltage on MCLR with respect to VSS ..........................................................................................................0 to +13.5V
Voltage on all other pins with respect to VSS................................................................................ -0.3V to (VDD + 0.3V)
Total power dissipation(1) ..................................................................................................................................700 mW
Max. current out of VSS pin ................................................................................................................................200 mA
Max. current into VDD pin ...................................................................................................................................150 mA
Input clamp current, IIK (VI < 0 or VI > VDD)20 mA
Output clamp current, IOK (VO < 0 or VO > VDD) 20 mA
Max. output current sunk by any I/O pin...............................................................................................................25 mA
Max. output current sourced by any I/O pin .........................................................................................................25 mA
Max. output current sourced by I/O port ..............................................................................................................75 mA
Max. output current sunk by I/O port ...................................................................................................................75 mA
Note 1: Power dissipation is calculated as follows: PDIS = VDD x {IDD –  IOH} +  {(VDD – VOH) x IOH} + (VOL x IOL)
†NOTICE:
Stresses above those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the
device. This is a stress rating only and functional operation of the device at those or any other conditions above
those indicated in the operation listings of this specification is not implied. Exposure to maximum rating conditions
for extended periods may affect device reliability.
DS40001684F-page 80
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC16F570
PIC16F570 VOLTAGE-FREQUENCY GRAPH, -40C  TA  +125C
FIGURE 15-1:
6.0
5.5
5.0
VDD
(Volts)
4.5
4.0
3.5
3.0
2.5
2.0
0
4
8
20
10
25
Frequency (MHz)
FIGURE 15-2:
MAXIMUM OSCILLATOR FREQUENCY TABLE
Oscillator Mode
LP
XT
XTRC
INTOSC
EC
HS
0
200 kHz
4 MHz
8 MHz
20 MHz
Frequency
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS40001684F-page 81
PIC16F570
15.1
DC Characteristics: PIC16F570 (Industrial)
Standard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise specified)
Operating Temperature -40C  TA  +85C (industrial)
DC Characteristics
Param.
No.
D001
Sym.
VDD
Characteristic
Min.
Supply Voltage
(2)
Typ.(1) Max.
Units
Conditions
2.0
—
5.5
V
See Figure 15-1
D002
VDR
RAM Data Retention Voltage
—
1.5*
—
V
Device in Sleep mode
D003
VPOR
VDD Start Voltage to ensure
Power-on Reset
—
VSS
—
V
See Section 8.5 “Power-on
Reset (POR)” for details
D004
SVDD
VDD Rise Rate to ensure
Power-on Reset
0.05*
—
—
V/ms
See Section 8.5 “Power-on
Reset (POR)” for details
D005
IDDP
Supply Current During Prog./
Erase
—
1.0*
—
mA
VDD = 5.0V
D010
IDD
Supply Current(3,4,6)
—
—
195
505
300
750
A
A
FOSC = 4 MHz, VDD = 2.0V
FOSC = 4 MHz, VDD = 5.0V
—
—
310
880
500
1300
A
A
FOSC = 8 MHz, VDD = 2.0V
FOSC = 8 MHz, VDD = 5.0V
—
1900
2300
A
FOSC = 20 MHz, VDD = 5.0V
—
—
13
27
22
55
A
A
FOSC = 32 kHz, VDD = 2.0V
FOSC = 32 kHz, VDD = 5.0V
D020
IPD
Power-down Current(5)
—
—
0.05
0.35
1.2
3.0
A
A
VDD = 2.0V
VDD = 5.0V
D021
IBOR
BOR Current(5)
—
—
3.5
4.0
7.0
9.0
A
A
VDD = 3.0V
VDD = 5.0V
D022
IWDT
WDT Current(5)
—
—
0.5
8.0
3.0
16.0
A
A
VDD = 2.0V
VDD = 5.0V
D023
ICMP
Comparator Current(5)
—
—
15
60
26
78
A
A
VDD = 2.0V (per comparator)
VDD = 5.0V (per comparator)
D024
ICVREF CVREF Current(5)
—
—
30
75
70
125
A
A
VDD = 2.0V (high range)
VDD = 5.0V (high range)
D025
IVFIR
—
100
125
A
—
175
205
A
VDD = 2.0V (reference and 1
comparator enabled)
VDD = 5.0V (reference and 1
comparator enabled)
Internal 0.6V Fixed Voltage
Reference Current(5)
D026
IAD2
A/D Current
—
—
0.5
0.8
2.0
4.0
A
A
2.0V, No conversion in progress
5.0V, No conversion in progress
D027
IOPA
Op Amp Current(5)
—
—
310
330
425
475
A
A
VDD = 2.0V
VDD = 5.0V
* These parameters are characterized but not tested.
Note 1: Data in the Typical (“Typ.”) column is based on characterization results at 25°C. This data is for design
guidance only and is not tested.
2: This is the limit to which VDD can be lowered in Sleep mode without losing RAM data.
3: The supply current is mainly a function of the operating voltage and frequency. Other factors such as bus
loading, oscillator type, bus rate, internal code execution pattern and temperature also have an impact on
the current consumption.
4: The test conditions for all IDD measurements in active operation mode are:
OSC1 = external square wave, from rail-to-rail; all I/O pins tri-stated, pulled to VSS, T0CKI = VDD,
MCLR = VDD; WDT enabled/disabled as specified.
5: For standby current measurements, the conditions are the same as IDD, except that the device is in Sleep
mode. If a module current is listed, the current is for that specific module enabled and the device in Sleep.
6: Does not include current through REXT. The current through the resistor can be estimated by the formula:
I = VDD/2REXT (mA) with REXT in k.
DS40001684F-page 82
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC16F570
15.2
DC Characteristics: PIC16F570 (Extended)
Standard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise specified)
Operating Temperature 40C  TA  +125C (extended)
DC Characteristics
Param.
No.
D001
Sym.
VDD
Characteristic
Min.
Supply Voltage
(2)
Typ.(1) Max.
2.0
—
5.5
Units
V
Conditions
See Figure 15-1
D002
VDR
RAM Data Retention Voltage
—
1.5*
—
V
Device in Sleep mode
D003
VPOR
VDD Start Voltage to ensure
Power-on Reset
—
VSS
—
V
See Section 8.5 “Power-on
Reset (POR)” for details.
D004
SVDD
VDD Rise Rate to ensure
Power-on Reset
0.05*
—
—
V/ms
See Section 8.5 “Power-on
Reset (POR)” for details.
D005
IDDP
Supply Current During Prog./
Erase
—
1.0*
—
mA
VDD = 5.0V
D010
IDD
Supply Current(3,4,6)
—
—
195
505
300
750
A
A
FOSC = 4 MHz, VDD = 2.0V
FOSC = 4 MHz, VDD = 5.0V
—
—
310
880
500
1300
A
A
FOSC = 8 MHz, VDD = 2.0V
FOSC = 8 MHz, VDD = 5.0V
—
1900
2300
A
FOSC = 20 MHz, VDD = 5.0V
—
—
13
27
29
115
A
A
FOSC = 32 kHz, VDD = 2.0V
FOSC = 32 kHz, VDD = 5.0V
D020
IPD
Power-down Current(5)
—
—
0.1
0.35
9.0
15.0
A
A
VDD = 2.0V
VDD = 5.0V
D021
IBOR
BOR Current(5)
—
—
3.5
4.0
10
12
A
A
VDD = 3.0V
VDD = 5.0V
D022
IWDT
WDT Current(5)
—
—
1.0
8.0
18
22
A
A
VDD = 2.0V
VDD = 5.0V
D023
ICMP
Comparator Current(5)
—
—
15
60
28
92
A
A
VDD = 2.0V (per comparator)
VDD = 5.0V (per comparator)
D024
ICVREF CVREF Current(5)
—
—
30
75
75
135
A
A
VDD = 2.0V (high range)
VDD = 5.0V (high range)
D025
IVFIR
—
100
135
A
—
175
220
A
VDD = 2.0V (reference and 1
comparator enabled)
VDD = 5.0V (reference and 1
comparator enabled)
Internal 0.6V Fixed Voltage
Reference Current(5)
D026
IAD2
A/D Current
—
—
0.5
0.8
10.0
16.0
A
A
2.0V, No conversion in progress
5.0V, No conversion in progress
D027
IOPA
Op Amp Current(5)
—
—
310
330
450
505
A
A
VDD = 2.0V
VDD = 5.0V
* These parameters are characterized but not tested.
Note 1: Data in the Typical (“Typ.”) column is based on characterization results at 25°C. This data is for design
guidance only and is not tested.
2: This is the limit to which VDD can be lowered in Sleep mode without losing RAM data.
3: The supply current is mainly a function of the operating voltage and frequency. Other factors such as bus
loading, oscillator type, bus rate, internal code execution pattern and temperature also have an impact on
the current consumption.
4: The test conditions for all IDD measurements in active operation mode are:
OSC1 = external square wave, from rail-to-rail; all I/O pins tri-stated, pulled to VSS, T0CKI = VDD,
MCLR = VDD; WDT enabled/disabled as specified.
5: For standby current measurements, the conditions are the same as IDD, except that the device is in Sleep
mode. If a module current is listed, the current is for that specific module enabled and the device in Sleep.
6: Does not include current through REXT. The current through the resistor can be estimated by the formula:
I = VDD/2REXT (mA) with REXT in k.
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS40001684F-page 83
PIC16F570
TABLE 15-1:
DC CHARACTERISTICS: PIC16F570 (INDUSTRIAL, EXTENDED)
Standard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise specified)
Operating temperature
-40°C  TA  +85°C (industrial)
-40°C  TA  +125°C (extended)
Operating voltage VDD range is described in Section 15.1 “DC Characteristics: PIC16F570 (Industrial)”.
DC CHARACTERISTICS
Param.
No.
Sym.
VIL
Characteristic
Min.
Typ.†
Max.
Units
Vss
Vss
Vss
Conditions
—
0.8V
V
For all 4.5  VDD 5.5V
—
0.15VDD
V
Otherwise
—
0.15VDD
V
Input Low Voltage
I/O ports
D030
with TTL buffer
D030A
D031
with Schmitt Trigger buffer
D032
MCLR, T0CKI
Vss
—
0.15VDD
V
D033
OSC1 (EXTRC mode), (EC mode)
Vss
—
0.15VDD
V
D033
OSC1 (HS mode)
Vss
—
0.3VDD
V
D033
OSC1 (XT and LP modes)
Vss
—
0.3
V
2.0
—
VDD
V
4.5  VDD 5.5V
0.25VDD
+ 0.8VDD
—
VDD
V
Otherwise
For entire VDD range
VIH
Input High Voltage
I/O ports
D040
with TTL buffer
D040A
—
D041
with Schmitt Trigger buffer
0.85VDD
—
VDD
V
D042
MCLR, T0CKI
0.85VDD
—
VDD
V
D042A
OSC1 (EXTRC mode), (EC mode)
0.85VDD
—
VDD
V
D042A
OSC1 (HS mode)
0.7VDD
—
VDD
V
D043
D070
IPUR
IIL
(Note 1)
(Note 1)
OSC1 (XT and LP modes)
1.6
—
VDD
V
PORTB and MCLR weak pull-up
current(4)
50
250
400
A
VDD = 5V, VPIN = VSS
—
—
±1
A
Vss VPIN VDD,
Pin at high-impedance
Input Leakage Current(2,3)
D060
I/O ports
D061
MCLR
—
±0.7
±5
A
Vss VPIN VDD
D063
OSC1
—
—
±5
A
Vss VPIN VDD,
XT, HS and LP osc configuration
—
—
0.6
V
IOL = 8.5 mA, VDD = 4.5V,
-40C to +85C
—
—
0.6
V
IOL = 7.0 mA, VDD = 4.5V,
-40C to +125C
—
—
0.6
V
IOL = 1.6 mA, VDD = 4.5V,
-40C to +85C
—
—
0.6
V
IOL = 1.2 mA, VDD = 4.5V,
-40C to +125C
VOL
D080
Output Low Voltage
I/O ports/CLKOUT
D080A
D083
OSC2
D083A
†
Note 1:
2:
3:
4:
Data in “Typ.” column is at 5V, 25°C unless otherwise stated. These parameters are for design guidance only and are not
tested.
In EXTRC oscillator configuration, the OSC1/CLKIN pin is a Schmitt Trigger input. It is not recommended that the
PIC16F570 be driven with external clock in RC mode.
The leakage current on the MCLR pin is strongly dependent on the applied voltage level. The specified levels represent
normal operating conditions. Higher leakage current may be measured at different input voltages.
Negative current is defined as coming out of the pin.
This spec applies to all weak pull-up devices, including the weak pull-up found on MCLR.
DS40001684F-page 84
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC16F570
TABLE 15-1:
DC CHARACTERISTICS: PIC16F570 (INDUSTRIAL, EXTENDED) (CONTINUED)
Standard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise specified)
Operating temperature
-40°C  TA  +85°C (industrial)
-40°C  TA  +125°C (extended)
Operating voltage VDD range is described in Section 15.1 “DC Characteristics: PIC16F570 (Industrial)”.
DC CHARACTERISTICS
Param.
No.
Sym.
VOH
D090
Characteristic
Typ.†
Max.
Units
Conditions
VDD – 0.7
—
—
V
IOH = -3.0 mA, VDD = 4.5V,
-40C to +85C
VDD – 0.7
—
—
V
IOH = -2.5 mA, VDD = 4.5V,
-40C to +125C
VDD – 0.7
—
—
V
IOH = -1.3 mA, VDD = 4.5V,
-40C to +85C
VDD – 0.7
—
—
V
IOH = -1.0 mA, VDD = 4.5V,
-40C to +125C
In XT, HS and LP modes when
external clock is used to drive
OSC1.
Output High Voltage
I/O ports/CLKOUT
D090A
D092
Min.
OSC2
D092A
Capacitive Loading Specs on Output Pins
D100
COSC2 OSC2 pin
—
—
15
pF
D101
CIO
—
—
50
pF
D120
ED
Byte endurance
100K
1M
—
E/W
-40C  TA  +85C
D120A
ED
Byte endurance
10K
100K
—
E/W
+85C  TA  +125C
D121
VDRW
VDD for read/write
VMIN
—
5.5
V
All I/O pins and OSC2
Flash Data Memory
†
Note 1:
2:
3:
4:
Data in “Typ.” column is at 5V, 25°C unless otherwise stated. These parameters are for design guidance only and are not
tested.
In EXTRC oscillator configuration, the OSC1/CLKIN pin is a Schmitt Trigger input. It is not recommended that the
PIC16F570 be driven with external clock in RC mode.
The leakage current on the MCLR pin is strongly dependent on the applied voltage level. The specified levels represent
normal operating conditions. Higher leakage current may be measured at different input voltages.
Negative current is defined as coming out of the pin.
This spec applies to all weak pull-up devices, including the weak pull-up found on MCLR.
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS40001684F-page 85
PIC16F570
TABLE 15-2:
COMPARATOR SPECIFICATIONS
Comparator Specifications
Standard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise stated)
Operating temperature
-40°C to 125°C
Characteristics
Sym.
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Units
Input offset voltage
VOS
—
± 5.0
±10.0
mV
Input common mode voltage*
VCM
0
—
VDD – 1.5
V
—
db
CMRR*
Response Time
(1)*
Comparator Mode Change to
Output Valid*
CMRR
55
—
TRT
—
150
—
ns
TMC2COV
—
—
10
s
Comments
* These parameters are characterized but not tested.
Note 1: Response time measured with one comparator input at (VDD – 1.5)/2 while the other input transitions from
VSS to VDD – 1.5V.
TABLE 15-3:
COMPARATOR VOLTAGE REFERENCE (CVREF) SPECIFICATIONS
Sym.
CVRES
*
Note 1:
2:
Characteristics
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Units
Comments
Resolution
—
—
VDD/24*
VDD/32
—
—
LSb
LSb
Low Range (VRR = 1)
High Range (VRR = 0)
Absolute Accuracy(2)
—
—
—
—
±1/2*
±1/2*
LSb
LSb
Low Range (VRR = 1)
High Range (VRR = 0)
Unit Resistor Value (R)
—
—
2K*
—

Settling Time(1)
—
—
10*
s
These parameters are characterized but not tested.
Settling time measured while VRR = 1 and VR<3:0> transitions from 0000 to 1111.
Do not use reference externally when VDD < 2.7V. Under this condition, reference should only be used
with comparator Voltage Common mode observed.
TABLE 15-4:
FIXED INPUT REFERENCE SPECIFICATION
Input Reference Specifications
Characteristics
Absolute Accuracy
DS40001684F-page 86
Standard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise stated)
Operating temperature
-40°C to 125°C
Sym.
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Units
VFIR
0.5
0.60
0.7
V
Comments
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC16F570
TABLE 15-5:
A/D CONVERTER CHARACTERISTICS
Standard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise stated)
Operating temperature: 25°C
Param.
Sym.
No.
A01
NR
Characteristic
Min.
Typ.†
Max.
Units
Resolution
—
—
8
bit
Integral Error
—
—
1.5
LSb
VDD = 5.0V
—
—
EDNL 1.7
LSb
No missing codes
VDD = 5.0V
2.0*
—
5.5*
V
A03
EINL
A04
EDNL Differential Error
A05
EFS
A06
EOFF Offset Error
A07
EGN
Full Scale Range
Gain Error
Conditions
—
—
1.5
LSb
VDD = 5.0V
-0.7
—
2.2
LSb
VDD = 5.0V
A10
—
Monotonicity
—
guaranteed(1)
—
—
A25*
VAIN
Analog Input
Voltage
VSS
—
VDD
V
A30*
ZAIN
Recommended
Impedance of
Analog Voltage
Source
—
—
10
K
VSS  VAIN  VDD
*
†
These parameters are characterized but not tested.
Data in “Typ.” column is at 5.0V, 25C unless otherwise stated. These parameters are for design guidance
only and are not tested.
Note 1: The A/D conversion result never decreases with an increase in the input voltage and has no missing
codes.
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS40001684F-page 87
PIC16F570
15.3
Timing Parameter Symbology and Load Conditions
The timing parameter symbols have been created following one of the following formats:
1. TppS2ppS
2. TppS
T
F Frequency
T Time
Lowercase subscripts (pp) and their meanings:
pp
2
to
mc
MCLR
ck
CLKOUT
osc
Oscillator
cy
Cycle time
os
OSC1
drt
Device Reset Timer
t0
T0CKI
io
I/O port
wdt
Watchdog Timer
Uppercase letters and their meanings:
S
F
Fall
P
Period
H
High
R
Rise
I
Invalid (high-impedance)
V
Valid
L
Low
Z
High-impedance
FIGURE 15-3:
LOAD CONDITIONS
Legend:
Pin
CL
CL = 50 pF for all pins except OSC2
15 pF for OSC2 in XT, HS or LP
modes when external clock
is used to drive OSC1
VSS
FIGURE 15-4:
EXTERNAL CLOCK TIMING
Q4
Q1
Q3
Q2
Q4
Q1
OSC1
1
3
3
4
4
2
DS40001684F-page 88
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC16F570
TABLE 15-6:
EXTERNAL CLOCK TIMING REQUIREMENTS
Standard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise specified)
Operating Temperature -40C  TA  +85C (industrial),
-40C  TA  +125C (extended)
Operating voltage VDD range is described in Section 15.1 “DC
Characteristics: PIC16F570 (Industrial)”.
AC Characteristics
Param.
No.
Sym.
1A
FOSC
Characteristic
Min.
Typ.(1)
Max.
External CLKIN Frequency(2)
DC
—
4
MHz XT Oscillator
Oscillator Frequency
1
TOSC
External CLKIN
(2)
Period(2)
Oscillator Period(2)
Units
Conditions
DC
—
20
MHz HS/EC Oscillator
DC
—
200
kHz
DC
—
4
MHz EXTRC Oscillator
0.1
—
4
MHz XT Oscillator
LP Oscillator
4
—
20
MHz HS/EC Oscillator
DC
—
200
kHz
LP Oscillator
250
—
—
ns
XT Oscillator
50
—
—
ns
HS/EC Oscillator
5
—
—
s
LP Oscillator
250
—
—
ns
EXTRC Oscillator
250
—
10,000
ns
XT Oscillator
50
—
250
ns
HS/EC Oscillator
LP Oscillator
5
—
—
s
2
TCY
Instruction Cycle Time
200
4/FOSC
DC
ns
3
TosL,
TosH
Clock in (OSC1) Low or High
Time
50*
—
—
ns
XT Oscillator
2*
—
—
s
LP Oscillator
10*
—
—
ns
HS/EC Oscillator
TosR,
TosF
Clock in (OSC1) Rise or Fall
Time
—
—
25*
ns
XT Oscillator
—
—
50*
ns
LP Oscillator
—
—
15*
ns
HS/EC Oscillator
4
* These parameters are characterized but not tested.
Note 1: Data in the Typical (“Typ.”) column is at 5V, 25C unless otherwise stated. These parameters are for design
guidance only and are not tested.
2: All specified values are based on characterization data for that particular oscillator type under standard
operating conditions with the device executing code. Exceeding these specified limits may result in an
unstable oscillator operation and/or higher than expected current consumption. When an external clock
input is used, the “max.” cycle time limit is “DC” (no clock) for all devices.
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS40001684F-page 89
PIC16F570
TABLE 15-7:
CALIBRATED INTERNAL RC FREQUENCIES
Standard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise specified)
Operating Temperature
-40C  TA  +85C (industrial),
-40C  TA  +125C (extended)
Operating voltage VDD range is described in Section 15.1 “DC
Characteristics: PIC16F570 (Industrial)”.
AC Characteristics
Param.
No.
Sym.
F10
FOSC
Characteristic
Internal Calibrated
INTOSC Frequency(1)
Freq.
Min.
Tolerance
Typ.†
Max.
Units
Conditions
1%
7.92
8.00
8.08
MHz 3.5V, 25C
2%
7.84
8.00
8.16
MHz 2.5V VDD  5.5V
0C  TA  +85C
5%
7.60
8.00
8.40
MHz 2.0V VDD  5.5V
-40C  TA  +85C (Ind.)
-40C  TA  +125C (Ext.)
*
†
These parameters are characterized but not tested.
Data in the Typical (“Typ.”) column is at 5V, 25C unless otherwise stated. These parameters are for design
guidance only and are not tested.
Note 1: To ensure these oscillator frequency tolerances, VDD and VSS must be capacitively decoupled as close to
the device as possible. 0.1 uF and 0.01 uF values in parallel are recommended.
DS40001684F-page 90
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC16F570
FIGURE 15-5:
I/O TIMING
Q1
Q4
Q2
Q3
OSC1
I/O Pin
(input)
17
I/O Pin
(output)
19
18
New Value
Old Value
20, 21
Note:
All tests must be done with specified capacitive loads (see data sheet) 50 pF on I/O pins and CLKOUT.
TABLE 15-8:
TIMING REQUIREMENTS
AC
Characteristics
Param.
No.
Standard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise specified)
Operating Temperature -40C  TA  +85C (industrial)
-40C  TA  +125C (extended)
Operating voltage VDD range is described in Section 15.1 “DC Characteristics: PIC16F570
(Industrial)”.
Sym.
Characteristic
Min.
Typ.(1)
Max.
Units
17
TOSH2IOV OSC1 (Q1 cycle) to Port Out Valid(2,3)
—
—
100*
ns
18
TOSH2IOI
50*
—
—
ns
19
TIOV2OSH Port Input Valid to OSC1 (I/O in setup time)
20*
—
—
ns
20
TIOR
Port Output Rise Time(3)
—
10
50**
ns
21
TIOF
Port Output Fall Time(3)
—
10
50**
ns
OSC1 (Q2 cycle) to Port Input Invalid (I/O in hold
time)(2)
* These parameters are characterized but not tested.
** These parameters are design targets and are not tested.
Note 1: Data in the Typical (“Typ.”) column is at 5V, 25°C unless otherwise stated. These parameters are for design
guidance only and are not tested.
2: Measurements are taken in EXTRC mode.
3: See Figure 15-3 for loading conditions.
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS40001684F-page 91
PIC16F570
FIGURE 15-6:
RESET, WATCHDOG TIMER AND DEVICE RESET TIMER TIMING
VDD
MCLR
30
Internal
POR
32
32
32
DRT
Time-out(2)
Internal
Reset
Watchdog
Timer
Reset
31
34
34
I/O pin(1)
Note 1:
2:
I/O pins must be taken out of High-Impedance mode by enabling the output drivers in software.
Runs in MCLR or WDT Reset only in XT, LP and HS modes.
FIGURE 15-7:
BROWN-OUT RESET TIMING AND CHARACTERISTICS
VDD
VBOR + VHYST
VBOR
(Device in Brown-out Reset)
(Device not in Brown-out Reset)
TBOR
Reset
(due to BOR)
DS40001684F-page 92
TDRT
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC16F570
TABLE 15-9:
BOR, POR, WATCHDOG TIMER AND DEVICE RESET TIMER
Standard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise specified)
Operating Temperature
-40C  TA  +85C (industrial)
-40C  TA  +125C (extended)
Operating voltage VDD range is described in Section 15.1 “DC Characteristics: PIC16F570 (Industrial)”.
AC Characteristics
Param.
No.
Sym.
30
TMCL
MCLR Pulse Width (low)
31
TWDT
32
34
Min.
Typ.(1)
Max.
Units
2000*
—
—
ns
VDD = 5.0V
Watchdog Timer Time-out Period
(no prescaler)
9*
9*
18*
18
30*
40*
ms
ms
VDD = 5.0V (Industrial)
VDD = 5.0V (Extended)
TDRT
Device Reset Timer Period
9*
9*
18*
18
30*
40*
ms
ms
VDD = 5.0V (Industrial)
VDD = 5.0V (Extended)
TIOZ
I/O High-impedance from MCLR low
—
—
2000*
ns
1.95
—
2.25
V
—
50
—
mV
100
—
—
s
Characteristic
35
VBOR
Brown-out Reset Voltage
36*
VHYST
Brown-out Reset Hysteresis
37*
TBOR
Brown-out Reset Minimum
Detection Period
Conditions
(Note 2)
VDD  VBOR
* These parameters are characterized but not tested.
Note 1: Data in the Typical (“Typ.”) column is at 5V, 25°C unless otherwise stated. These parameters are for design guidance
only and are not tested.
2: To ensure these voltage tolerances, VDD and VSS must be capacitively decoupled as close to the device as possible.
0.1 F and 0.01 F values in parallel are recommended.
TABLE 15-10: DRT (DEVICE RESET TIMER PERIOD)
Oscillator Configuration
IntRC, ExtRC, and EC
POR Reset
Subsequent Resets
10 s (typical) + 18 ms (DRTEN = 1)
10 s (typical) + 18 ms (DRTEN = 1)
18 ms (typical)
18 ms (typical)
XT, HS and LP
TABLE 15-11: PULL-UP RESISTOR RANGES
VDD (Volts)
Temperature (C)
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Units
-40
73K
105K
186K

25
73K
113K
187K

85
82K
123K
190K

125
86K
132k
190K

-40
15K
21K
33K

25
15K
22K
34K

RB0-RB7
2.0
5.5
85
19K
26k
35K

125
23K
29K
35K

-40
63K
81K
96K

25
77K
93K
116K

MCLR
2.0
5.5
85
82K
96k
116K

125
86K
100K
119K

-40
16K
20k
22K

25
16K
21K
23K

85
24K
25k
28K

125
26K
27K
29K

 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS40001684F-page 93
PIC16F570
FIGURE 15-8:
TIMER0 CLOCK TIMINGS
T0CKI
40
41
42
TABLE 15-12: TIMER0 CLOCK REQUIREMENTS
Standard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise specified)
Operating Temperature
-40C  TA  +85C (industrial)
-40C  TA  +125C (extended)
Operating voltage VDD range is described in Section 15.1 “DC Characteristics: PIC16F570 (Industrial)”.
AC Characteristics
Param.
Sym.
No.
40
41
42
Characteristic
Tt0H T0CKI High Pulse
Width
No Prescaler
Tt0L T0CKI Low Pulse
Width
No Prescaler
Tt0P T0CKI Period
With Prescaler
With Prescaler
Min.
Typ.(1) Max. Units
0.5 TCY + 20*
—
—
ns
10*
—
—
ns
0.5 TCY + 20*
—
—
ns
10*
—
—
ns
20 or TCY + 40* N
—
—
ns
Conditions
Whichever is greater.
N = Prescale Value
(1, 2, 4,..., 256)
* These parameters are characterized but not tested.
Note 1: Data in the Typical (“Typ.”) column is at 5V, 25°C unless otherwise stated. These parameters are for design
guidance only and are not tested.
DS40001684F-page 94
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC16F570
15.4
Operational Amplifiers
TABLE 15-13: OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER (OPA) MODULE DC SPECIFICATIONS
Standard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise stated)
VDD = 5.0V
Operating temperature: 25°C
OPA DC CHARACTERISTICS
Param.
No.
Sym.
Characteristics
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Units
Comments
VOS
Input Offset Voltage
—
5
13
mV
OPA02*
OPA03*
IB
IOS
Input current and impedance
Input bias current
Input offset bias current
—
—
2*
1*
—
—
nA
pA
OPA04*
OPA05*
VCM
CMR
Common Mode
Common mode input range
Common mode rejection
VSS
60
—
70
VDD – 1.4
—
V
dB
—
70
—
dB
Standard load
VSS + 50
—
VDD – 50
mV
To VDD/2 (10 k
connected to VDD,
10 k + 20 pF to Vss)
OPA01
OPA06A* AOL
Open Loop Gain
DC Open loop gain
OPA07*
VOUT
Output
Output voltage swing
OPA08*
ISC
Output short circuit current
—
25
28
mA
PSR
Power Supply
Power supply rejection
—
70
—
dB
OPA10*
*
These parameters are characterized but not tested.
TABLE 15-14: AC CHARACTERISTICS: OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER (OPA)
AC CHARACTERISTICS
Standard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise stated)
Operating Temperature: 25°C
VDD = 5.0V
Param.
No.
Symbol
Min.
Typ.(1)
Max.
Units
GBWP
—
3
—
MHz
VDD = 5V
OPA13* Turn on Time
TON
—
—
10
µs
VDD = 5V
OPA14* Phase Margin
M
—
55
—
OPA15* Slew Rate
SR
2
—
—
Parameters
OPA12* Gain Bandwidth Product
Conditions
degrees VDD = 5V
V/µs
VDD = 5V
*
These parameters are characterized but not tested.
Note 1: Data in “Typ.” column is at 5V, 25C unless otherwise stated. These parameters are for design guidance
only and are not tested.
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS40001684F-page 95
PIC16F570
TABLE 15-15: FLASH DATA MEMORY WRITE/ERASE TIME
Standard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise specified)
Operating Temperature -40C  TA  +85C (industrial)
-40C  TA  +125C (extended)
Operating Voltage VDD range is described in
Section 15.1 “DC Characteristics: PIC16F570 (Industrial)”.
AC CHARACTERISTICS
Param.
No.
Sym.
43
TDW
44
TDE
Note 1:
Min.
Typ.(1)
Max.
Units
Flash Data Memory
Write Cycle Time
2
3.5
5
ms
Flash Data Memory
Erase Cycle Time
2
3.5
5
ms
Characteristic
Conditions
Data in the Typical (“Typ.”) column is at 5V, 25°C unless otherwise stated. These parameters are for
design guidance only and are not tested.
DS40001684F-page 96
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC16F570
16.0
DC AND AC CHARACTERISTICS GRAPHS AND CHARTS
The graphs and tables provided in this section are for design guidance and are not tested.
In some graphs or tables, the data presented are outside specified operating range (i.e., outside specified VDD
range). This is for information only and devices are ensured to operate properly only within the specified range.
Note:
The graphs and tables provided following this note are a statistical summary based on a limited number of
samples and are provided for informational purposes only. The performance characteristics listed herein
are not tested or guaranteed. In some graphs or tables, the data presented may be outside the specified
operating range (e.g., outside specified power supply range) and therefore, outside the warranted range.
“Typical” represents the mean of the distribution at 25C. “MAXIMUM”, “Max.”, “MINIMUM” or “Min.”
represents (mean + 3) or (mean - 3) respectively, where  is a standard deviation, over each
temperature range.
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS40001684F-page 97
PIC16F570
FIGURE 16-1:
IDD, LP OSCILLATOR, FOSC = 32 kHz
45
40
Max.
Typical: Mean (25°C)
Max: Mean + 3ı (85°C)
35
Typical
IDD (µA)
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
5.5
6.0
VDD (V)
DS40001684F-page 98
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC16F570
FIGURE 16-2:
IDD TYPICAL, XT AND EXTRC OSCILLATOR
800
Typical: Mean (25°C)
700
4 MHz XT
600
IDD (µA)
500
400
4 MHz EXTRC
300
1 MHz XT
200
100
0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
5.5
6.0
VDD (V)
FIGURE 16-3:
IDD MAXIMUM, XT AND EXTRC OSCILLATOR
800
Max: Mean + 3ı (-40°C to 125°C)
700
600
4 MHz XT
IDD (µA)
500
400
4 MHz EXTRC
300
1 MHz XT
200
100
0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
5.5
6.0
VDD (V)
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS40001684F-page 99
PIC16F570
FIGURE 16-4:
IDD TYPICAL, EXTERNAL CLOCK MODE
800
700
Typical: Mean (25°C)
600
IDD (µA)
4 MHz
500
400
300
1 MHz
200
100
0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
5.5
6.0
VDD (V)
IDD MAXIMUM, EXTERNAL CLOCK MODE
FIGURE 16-5:
800
Max: Mean + 3ı (-40°C to 125°C)
700
4 MHz
600
IDD (µA)
500
1 MHz
400
300
200
100
0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
5.5
6.0
VDD (V)
DS40001684F-page 100
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC16F570
FIGURE 16-6:
IDD TYPICAL, INTOSC
1.4
1.2
Typical: Mean (25°C)
1.0
IDD (mA)
8 MHz
0.8
0.6
4 MHz
0.4
0.2
0.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
5.5
6.0
VDD (V)
FIGURE 16-7:
IDD MAXIMUM, INTOSC
1.4
Max: Mean + 3ı (-40°C to 125°C)
1.2
8 MHz
IDD (mA)
1.0
0.8
0.6
4 MHz
0.4
0.2
0.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
5.5
6.0
VDD (V)
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS40001684F-page 101
PIC16F570
FIGURE 16-8:
IDD TYPICAL, HS OSCILLATOR
2.5
Typical: Mean (25°C)
2.0
20 MHz
IDD (mA)
1.5
1.0
8 MHz
0.5
4 MHz
0.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
5.5
6.0
VDD (V)
IDD MAXIMUM, HS OSCILLATOR
FIGURE 16-9:
2.5
20 MHz
Max: Mean + 3ı (-40°C to 125°C)
2.0
IDD (mA)
1.5
8 MHz
1.0
4 MHz
0.5
0.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
5.5
6.0
VDD (V)
DS40001684F-page 102
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC16F570
FIGURE 16-10:
IPD BASE, LOW-POWER SLEEP MODE
400
Typical: Mean (25°C)
Max: Mean + 3ı (85°C)
350
Max.
IPD (nA)
300
250
200
150
100
Typical
50
0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
5.5
6.0
VDD (V)
FIGURE 16-11:
IPD, WATCHDOG TIMER (WDT)
18.0
Max.
M
16.0
Typical: Mean (25°C)
Max: Mean + 3ı (-40°C to 85°C)
14.0
IPD (µA
A)
12.0
Typical
10.0
8.0
6.0
4.0
2.0
0.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
5.5
6.0
VDD (V)
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS40001684F-page 103
PIC16F570
FIGURE 16-12:
IPD, FIXED VOLTAGE REFERENCE (FVR)
210
Max.
Typical: Mean (25°C)
Max: Mean + 3ı (-40°C to 85°C)
190
Typical
170
IPD (µA)
150
130
110
90
70
50
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
5.5
6.0
VDD (V)
IPD, BROWN-OUT RESET (BOR)
FIGURE 16-13:
6
Typical:
T
i l M
Mean (25°C)
Max: Mean + 3ı (-40°C to 85°C)
5
Max.
IPD (µA)
4
Typical
3
2
1
0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
5.5
6.0
VDD (V)
DS40001684F-page 104
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC16F570
FIGURE 16-14:
IPD, SINGLE COMPARATOR
80
Typical: Mean (25°C)
Max: Mean + 3ı (-40°C to 85°C)
70
M
Max.
60
Typical
IPD (µA)
50
40
30
20
10
0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
5.5
6.0
VDD (V)
FIGURE 16-15:
IPD, CVREF
100
Max.
90
Typical: Mean (25°C)
Max: Mean + 3ı (-40°C to 85°C)
80
IPD (µA
A)
70
Typical
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
5.5
6.0
VDD (V)
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS40001684F-page 105
PIC16F570
FIGURE 16-16:
IPD, SINGLE OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER (OPA) – UNITY GAIN MODE
500
Typical: Mean (25°C)
Max: Mean + 3ı (-40°C to 85°C)
450
400
IPD (µA
A)
Max.
350
300
Typical
250
200
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
5.5
6.0
VDD (V)
DS40001684F-page 106
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC16F570
FIGURE 16-17:
VOH vs. IOH OVER TEMPERATURE, VDD = 5.0V
5.5
5
VOH (V)
Max.
4.5
Typical
4
Min.
Max: Mean + 3ı (-40°C)
Typical: Mean (25°C)
Min: Mean - 3ı (125°C)
3.5
3
-5.5
-5
-4.5
-4
-3.5
-3
-2.5
-2
-1.5
-1
-0.5
0
IOH (mA)
FIGURE 16-18:
VOL vs. IOL OVER TEMPERATURE, VDD = 5.0 V
0.5
0.45
Max: Mean + 3ı (125°C)
Typical: Mean (25°C)
Min: Mean - 3ı (-40°C)
0.4
Max.
VOL (V)
0.35
0.3
0.25
Typical
0.2
0.15
Min.
0.1
0.05
0
4.5
5.5
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
6.5
7.5
IOL (mA)
8.5
9.5
10.5
DS40001684F-page 107
PIC16F570
FIGURE 16-19:
VOH vs. IOH OVER TEMPERATURE, VDD = 3.0 V
3.5
3.0
Max.
VOH (V)
2.5
Typical
2.0
1.5
Min.
1.0
Max: Mean + 3ı (-40°C)
Typical: Mean (25°C)
Min: Mean - 3ı (125°C)
0.5
0.0
-4.5
FIGURE 16-20:
-4
-3.5
-3
-2.5
-2
IOH (mA)
-1.5
-1
-0.5
0
VOL vs. IOL OVER TEMPERATURE, VDD = 3.0V
0.8
Max: Mean + 3ı (125°C)
Typical: Mean (25°C)
Min: Mean - 3ı (-40°C)
0.7
0.6
Max.
VOL (V)
0.5
0.4
Typical
0.3
0.2
Min.
0.1
0.0
4.5
5.5
6.5
7.5
8.5
9.5
10.5
IOL (mA)
DS40001684F-page 108
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC16F570
FIGURE 16-21:
TTL INPUT THRESHOLD VIN vs. VDD
1.7
Max: Mean + 3ı (-40°C)
Typical: Mean (25°C)
Min: Mean - 3ı (125°C)
1.5
Max.
1.3
VIN (V)
Typical
1.1
Min.
0.9
0.7
0.5
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.5
5
5.5
6
VDD (V)
FIGURE 16-22:
SCHMITT TRIGGER INPUT THRESHOLD VIN vs. VDD
4
VIH Max. (125°C)
Max: Mean + 3ı (at Temp.)
Min: Mean - 3ı (at Temp.)
3.5
3
VIN (V)
VIH Min. (-40°C)
2.5
2
VIL Max. (-40°C)
1.5
VIL Min. (125°C)
1
0.5
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.5
5
5.5
6
VDD (V)
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS40001684F-page 109
PIC16F570
FIGURE 16-23:
BROWN-OUT RESET VOLTAGE
2.40
2.35
Max: Mean Typical + 3ı
Min: Mean Typical - 3ı
2.30
2.25
Voltage (V)
2.20
Max.
2.15
2.10
Min.
2.05
2.00
1.95
1.90
1.85
1.80
-60
-40
-20
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
Temperature (°C)
FIGURE 16-24:
WDT TIME-OUT PERIOD
50
45
Max: Mean + 3ı (at Temp.)
Typical: Mean (25°C)
Min: Mean - 3ı (-40°C)
Max. (125°C)
40
35
Max. (85°C)
Time (ms)
30
25
Typical
20
15
Min.
10
5
0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
5.5
6.0
VDD (V)
DS40001684F-page 110
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC16F570
17.0
PACKAGING INFORMATION
17.1
Package Marking Information
28-Lead SPDIP (.300”)
Example
PIC16F570
-I/SP e3
1405017
28-Lead SOIC (7.50 mm)
XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
YYWWNNN
Legend: XX...X
Y
YY
WW
NNN
e3
*
Note:
*
Example
PIC16F570
-I/SO e3
1405017
Customer-specific information
Year code (last digit of calendar year)
Year code (last 2 digits of calendar year)
Week code (week of January 1 is week ‘01’)
Alphanumeric traceability code
Pb-free JEDEC® designator for Matte Tin (Sn)
This package is Pb-free. The Pb-free JEDEC® designator ( e3 )
can be found on the outer packaging for this package.
In the event the full Microchip part number cannot be marked on one line, it will
be carried over to the next line, thus limiting the number of available
characters for customer-specific information.
Standard PICmicro® device marking consists of Microchip part number, year code, week code and
traceability code. For PICmicro device marking beyond this, certain price adders apply. Please check
with your Microchip Sales Office. For QTP devices, any special marking adders are included in QTP
price.
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS40001684F-page 111
PIC16F570
Package Marking Information (Continued)
28-Lead SSOP (5.30 mm)
Example
PIC16F570
-I/SS e3
1405017
28-Lead QFN (6x6 mm)
PIN 1
Example
PIN 1
16F570
I/ML e3
XXXXXXXX
XXXXXXXX
YYWWNNN
1405017
28-Lead UQFN (4x4x0.5 mm)
PIN 1
PIN 1
Legend: XX...X
Y
YY
WW
NNN
e3
*
Note:
*
Example
PIC16
F570
I/MV e3
405017
Customer-specific information
Year code (last digit of calendar year)
Year code (last 2 digits of calendar year)
Week code (week of January 1 is week ‘01’)
Alphanumeric traceability code
Pb-free JEDEC® designator for Matte Tin (Sn)
This package is Pb-free. The Pb-free JEDEC designator ( e3 )
can be found on the outer packaging for this package.
In the event the full Microchip part number cannot be marked on one line, it will
be carried over to the next line, thus limiting the number of available
characters for customer-specific information.
Standard PICmicro® device marking consists of Microchip part number, year code, week code and
traceability code. For PICmicro device marking beyond this, certain price adders apply. Please check
with your Microchip Sales Office. For QTP devices, any special marking adders are included in QTP
price.
DS40001684F-page 112
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC16F570
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 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS40001684F-page 113
PIC16F570
Note:
For the most current package drawings, please see the Microchip Packaging Specification located at
http://www.microchip.com/packaging
DS40001684F-page 114
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC16F570
Note:
For the most current package drawings, please see the Microchip Packaging Specification located at
http://www.microchip.com/packaging
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS40001684F-page 115
PIC16F570
Note:
For the most current package drawings, please see the Microchip Packaging Specification located at
http://www.microchip.com/packaging
DS40001684F-page 116
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC16F570
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 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS40001684F-page 117
PIC16F570
Note:
For the most current package drawings, please see the Microchip Packaging Specification located at
http://www.microchip.com/packaging
DS40001684F-page 118
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC16F570
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS40001684F-page 119
PIC16F570
DS40001684F-page 120
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC16F570
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 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS40001684F-page 121
PIC16F570
Note:
For the most current package drawings, please see the Microchip Packaging Specification located at
http://www.microchip.com/packaging
DS40001684F-page 122
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC16F570
Note:
For the most current package drawings, please see the Microchip Packaging Specification located at
http://www.microchip.com/packaging
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS40001684F-page 123
PIC16F570
DS40001684F-page 124
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC16F570
APPENDIX A:
DATA SHEET
REVISION HISTORY
Revision A (02/2013)
Initial release of this document.
Revision B (05/2013)
Updated the Family Types table (Table 1); Updated
Figure 3-1; Updated the Memory Organization section;
Updated Examples 5-1, 5-2 and 5-3; Updated Figure
6-1; Updated Note 1 in Register 6-5; Updated Register
8-1; Updated Figure 8-6; Added new Section 9.1.5, A/D
Acquisition Requirements; Updated Register 9-1;
Updated Figure 10-1 and Register 10-1; Updated
section 12, OPA module; Updated the Electrical
Specifications section; Other minor corrections.
Revision C (07/2013)
Updated the Electrical Characteristics section.
Revision D (10/2013)
Added graphs to the DC and AC Characteristics
Graphs and Charts chapter; Updated the Electrical
Characteristics chapter.
Revision E (02/2014)
Updated for Final status; Updated DC Characteristics
15.1 and 15.2.
Revision F (01/2016)
Added “eXtreme Low-Power (XLP) Features” section.
Updated Table 1. Other minor corrections.
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS40001684F-page 125
PIC16F570
THE MICROCHIP WEBSITE
CUSTOMER SUPPORT
Microchip provides online support via our website at
www.microchip.com. This website is used as a means
to make files and information easily available to
customers. Accessible by using your favorite Internet
browser, the website contains the following information:
Users of Microchip products can receive assistance
through several channels:
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resources, user’s guides and hardware support
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Questions (FAQ), technical support requests,
online discussion groups, Microchip consultant
program member listing
• Business of Microchip – Product selector and
ordering guides, latest Microchip press releases,
listing of seminars and events, listings of
Microchip sales offices, distributors and factory
representatives
•
•
•
•
Distributor or Representative
Local Sales Office
Field Application Engineer (FAE)
Technical Support
Customers
should
contact
their
distributor,
representative or Field Application Engineer (FAE) for
support. Local sales offices are also available to help
customers. A listing of sales offices and locations is
included in the back of this document.
Technical support is available through the website
at: http://microchip.com/support
CUSTOMER CHANGE NOTIFICATION
SERVICE
Microchip’s customer notification service helps keep
customers current on Microchip products. Subscribers
will receive e-mail notification whenever there are
changes, updates, revisions or errata related to a
specified product family or development tool of interest.
To register, access the Microchip website at
www.microchip.com. Under “Support”, click on
“Customer Change Notification” and follow the
registration instructions.
DS40001684F-page 126
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC16F570
PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION SYSTEM
To order or obtain information, e.g., on pricing or delivery, refer to the factory or the listed sales office.
[X](1)
PART NO.
Device
-
X
Tape and Reel Temperature
Option
Range
/XX
XXX
Package
Pattern
Examples:
a)
Device:
PIC16F570
b)
Tape and Reel
Option:
Blank
T
= Standard packaging (tube or tray)
= Tape and Reel(1)
c)
Temperature
Range:
I
E
= -40C to +85C
= -40C to +125C
Package:
ML
MV
SP
S0
SS
Pattern:
=
=
=
=
=
(Industrial)
(Extended)
Micro Lead Frame (QFN) 6x6
Micro Lead Frame (UQFN) 4x4
Skinny Plastic DIP (SPDIP)
Small Outline (7.50 mm) (SOIC)
Shrink Small Outline (5.30 mm) (SSOP)
QTP, SQTP, Code or Special Requirements
(blank otherwise)
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC16F570T - I/ML 301
Tape and Reel,
Industrial temperature,
QFN 6x6 package,
QTP pattern #301
PIC16F570 - E/SP
Extended temperature
SPDIP package
PIC16F570 - E/SO
Extended temperature,
SOIC package
Note 1:
Tape and Reel identifier only appears in the
catalog part number description. This
identifier is used for ordering purposes and is
not printed on the device package. Check
with your Microchip Sales Office for package
availability with the Tape and Reel option.
DS40001684F-page 127
Note the following details of the code protection feature on Microchip devices:
•
Microchip products meet the specification contained in their particular Microchip Data Sheet.
•
Microchip believes that its family of products is one of the most secure families of its kind on the market today, when used in the
intended manner and under normal conditions.
•
There are dishonest and possibly illegal methods used to breach the code protection feature. All of these methods, to our
knowledge, require using the Microchip products in a manner outside the operating specifications contained in Microchip’s Data
Sheets. Most likely, the person doing so is engaged in theft of intellectual property.
•
Microchip is willing to work with the customer who is concerned about the integrity of their code.
•
Neither Microchip nor any other semiconductor manufacturer can guarantee the security of their code. Code protection does not
mean that we are guaranteeing the product as “unbreakable.”
Code protection is constantly evolving. We at Microchip are committed to continuously improving the code protection features of our
products. Attempts to break Microchip’s code protection feature may be a violation of the Digital Millennium Copyright Act. If such acts
allow unauthorized access to your software or other copyrighted work, you may have a right to sue for relief under that Act.
Information contained in this publication regarding device
applications and the like is provided only for your convenience
and may be superseded by updates. It is your responsibility to
ensure that your application meets with your specifications.
MICROCHIP MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR
WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND WHETHER EXPRESS OR
IMPLIED, WRITTEN OR ORAL, STATUTORY OR
OTHERWISE, RELATED TO THE INFORMATION,
INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ITS CONDITION,
QUALITY, PERFORMANCE, MERCHANTABILITY OR
FITNESS FOR PURPOSE. Microchip disclaims all liability
arising from this information and its use. Use of Microchip
devices in life support and/or safety applications is entirely at
the buyer’s risk, and the buyer agrees to defend, indemnify and
hold harmless Microchip from any and all damages, claims,
suits, or expenses resulting from such use. No licenses are
conveyed, implicitly or otherwise, under any Microchip
intellectual property rights unless otherwise stated.
Trademarks
The Microchip name and logo, the Microchip logo, dsPIC,
FlashFlex, flexPWR, JukeBlox, KEELOQ, KEELOQ logo, Kleer,
LANCheck, MediaLB, MOST, MOST logo, MPLAB,
OptoLyzer, PIC, PICSTART, PIC32 logo, RightTouch, SpyNIC,
SST, SST Logo, SuperFlash and UNI/O are registered
trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the
U.S.A. and other countries.
The Embedded Control Solutions Company and mTouch are
registered trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated
in the U.S.A.
Analog-for-the-Digital Age, BodyCom, chipKIT, chipKIT logo,
CodeGuard, dsPICDEM, dsPICDEM.net, ECAN, In-Circuit
Serial Programming, ICSP, Inter-Chip Connectivity, KleerNet,
KleerNet logo, MiWi, motorBench, MPASM, MPF, MPLAB
Certified logo, MPLIB, MPLINK, MultiTRAK, NetDetach,
Omniscient Code Generation, PICDEM, PICDEM.net, PICkit,
PICtail, RightTouch logo, REAL ICE, SQI, Serial Quad I/O,
Total Endurance, TSHARC, USBCheck, VariSense,
ViewSpan, WiperLock, Wireless DNA, and ZENA are
trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the
U.S.A. and other countries.
SQTP is a service mark of Microchip Technology Incorporated
in the U.S.A.
Silicon Storage Technology is a registered trademark of
Microchip Technology Inc. in other countries.
GestIC is a registered trademark of Microchip Technology
Germany II GmbH & Co. KG, a subsidiary of Microchip
Technology Inc., in other countries.
All other trademarks mentioned herein are property of their
respective companies.
© 2013-2016, Microchip Technology Incorporated, Printed in
the U.S.A., All Rights Reserved.
ISBN: 978-1-5224-0193-3
QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
CERTIFIED BY DNV
== ISO/TS 16949 ==
DS40001684F-page 128
Microchip received ISO/TS-16949:2009 certification for its worldwide
headquarters, design and wafer fabrication facilities in Chandler and
Tempe, Arizona; Gresham, Oregon and design centers in California
and India. The Company’s quality system processes and procedures
are for its PIC® MCUs and dsPIC® DSCs, KEELOQ® code hopping
devices, Serial EEPROMs, microperipherals, nonvolatile memory and
analog products. In addition, Microchip’s quality system for the design
and manufacture of development systems is ISO 9001:2000 certified.
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
Worldwide Sales and Service
AMERICAS
ASIA/PACIFIC
ASIA/PACIFIC
EUROPE
Corporate Office
2355 West Chandler Blvd.
Chandler, AZ 85224-6199
Tel: 480-792-7200
Fax: 480-792-7277
Technical Support:
http://www.microchip.com/
support
Web Address:
www.microchip.com
Asia Pacific Office
Suites 3707-14, 37th Floor
Tower 6, The Gateway
Harbour City, Kowloon
China - Xiamen
Tel: 86-592-2388138
Fax: 86-592-2388130
Austria - Wels
Tel: 43-7242-2244-39
Fax: 43-7242-2244-393
China - Zhuhai
Tel: 86-756-3210040
Fax: 86-756-3210049
Denmark - Copenhagen
Tel: 45-4450-2828
Fax: 45-4485-2829
India - Bangalore
Tel: 91-80-3090-4444
Fax: 91-80-3090-4123
France - Paris
Tel: 33-1-69-53-63-20
Fax: 33-1-69-30-90-79
India - New Delhi
Tel: 91-11-4160-8631
Fax: 91-11-4160-8632
Germany - Dusseldorf
Tel: 49-2129-3766400
Atlanta
Duluth, GA
Tel: 678-957-9614
Fax: 678-957-1455
Hong Kong
Tel: 852-2943-5100
Fax: 852-2401-3431
Australia - Sydney
Tel: 61-2-9868-6733
Fax: 61-2-9868-6755
China - Beijing
Tel: 86-10-8569-7000
Fax: 86-10-8528-2104
Austin, TX
Tel: 512-257-3370
China - Chengdu
Tel: 86-28-8665-5511
Fax: 86-28-8665-7889
Boston
Westborough, MA
Tel: 774-760-0087
Fax: 774-760-0088
China - Chongqing
Tel: 86-23-8980-9588
Fax: 86-23-8980-9500
Chicago
Itasca, IL
Tel: 630-285-0071
Fax: 630-285-0075
Cleveland
Independence, OH
Tel: 216-447-0464
Fax: 216-447-0643
Dallas
Addison, TX
Tel: 972-818-7423
Fax: 972-818-2924
Detroit
Novi, MI
Tel: 248-848-4000
Houston, TX
Tel: 281-894-5983
Indianapolis
Noblesville, IN
Tel: 317-773-8323
Fax: 317-773-5453
Los Angeles
Mission Viejo, CA
Tel: 949-462-9523
Fax: 949-462-9608
New York, NY
Tel: 631-435-6000
San Jose, CA
Tel: 408-735-9110
China - Dongguan
Tel: 86-769-8702-9880
China - Hangzhou
Tel: 86-571-8792-8115
Fax: 86-571-8792-8116
India - Pune
Tel: 91-20-3019-1500
Japan - Osaka
Tel: 81-6-6152-7160
Fax: 81-6-6152-9310
Japan - Tokyo
Tel: 81-3-6880- 3770
Fax: 81-3-6880-3771
Korea - Daegu
Tel: 82-53-744-4301
Fax: 82-53-744-4302
China - Hong Kong SAR
Tel: 852-2943-5100
Fax: 852-2401-3431
Korea - Seoul
Tel: 82-2-554-7200
Fax: 82-2-558-5932 or
82-2-558-5934
China - Nanjing
Tel: 86-25-8473-2460
Fax: 86-25-8473-2470
Malaysia - Kuala Lumpur
Tel: 60-3-6201-9857
Fax: 60-3-6201-9859
China - Qingdao
Tel: 86-532-8502-7355
Fax: 86-532-8502-7205
Malaysia - Penang
Tel: 60-4-227-8870
Fax: 60-4-227-4068
China - Shanghai
Tel: 86-21-5407-5533
Fax: 86-21-5407-5066
Philippines - Manila
Tel: 63-2-634-9065
Fax: 63-2-634-9069
China - Shenyang
Tel: 86-24-2334-2829
Fax: 86-24-2334-2393
Singapore
Tel: 65-6334-8870
Fax: 65-6334-8850
China - Shenzhen
Tel: 86-755-8864-2200
Fax: 86-755-8203-1760
Taiwan - Hsin Chu
Tel: 886-3-5778-366
Fax: 886-3-5770-955
China - Wuhan
Tel: 86-27-5980-5300
Fax: 86-27-5980-5118
Taiwan - Kaohsiung
Tel: 886-7-213-7828
China - Xian
Tel: 86-29-8833-7252
Fax: 86-29-8833-7256
Canada - Toronto
Tel: 905-673-0699
Fax: 905-673-6509
Germany - Karlsruhe
Tel: 49-721-625370
Germany - Munich
Tel: 49-89-627-144-0
Fax: 49-89-627-144-44
Italy - Milan
Tel: 39-0331-742611
Fax: 39-0331-466781
Italy - Venice
Tel: 39-049-7625286
Netherlands - Drunen
Tel: 31-416-690399
Fax: 31-416-690340
Poland - Warsaw
Tel: 48-22-3325737
Spain - Madrid
Tel: 34-91-708-08-90
Fax: 34-91-708-08-91
Sweden - Stockholm
Tel: 46-8-5090-4654
UK - Wokingham
Tel: 44-118-921-5800
Fax: 44-118-921-5820
Taiwan - Taipei
Tel: 886-2-2508-8600
Fax: 886-2-2508-0102
Thailand - Bangkok
Tel: 66-2-694-1351
Fax: 66-2-694-1350
07/14/15
 2013-2016 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS40001684F-page 129