INTERSIL ID80C86-2

[ /Title
(80C86
)
/Subject
(CMO
S 16Bit
Microprocessor)
/Autho
r ()
/Keywords
(Intersil
Corporation,
Intersil
Corporation,
16 Bit
uP,
microprocessor,
8086,
PC)
/Cre-
80C86
CMOS 16-Bit Microprocessor
March 1997
Features
Description
• Compatible with NMOS 8086
The Intersil 80C86 high performance 16-bit CMOS CPU is
manufactured using a self-aligned silicon gate CMOS process (Scaled SAJI IV). Two modes of operation, minimum for
small systems and maximum for larger applications such as
multiprocessing, allow user configuration to achieve the
highest performance level. Full TTL compatibility (with the
exception of CLOCK) and industry standard operation allow
use of existing NMOS 8086 hardware and software designs.
• Completely Static CMOS Design
- DC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5MHz (80C86)
- DC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8MHz (80C86-2)
• Low Power Operation
- lCCSB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .500µA Max
- ICCOP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10mA/MHz Typ
Ordering Information
• 1MByte of Direct Memory Addressing Capability
• 24 Operand Addressing Modes
PACKAGE
• Bit, Byte, Word and Block Move Operations
PDIP
TEMP. RANGE
0oC to +70oC
5MHz
CP80C86
-40oC to +85oC lP80C86
• 8-Bit and 16-Bit Signed/Unsigned Arithmetic
- Binary, or Decimal
- Multiply and Divide
PLCC
0oC
to
+70oC
CS80C86
-40oC to +85oC lS80C86
• Wide Operating Temperature Range
- C80C86 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0oC to +70oC
- l80C86 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -40oC to +85oC
- M80C86 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -55oC to +125oC
0oC
CERDIP
to
+70oC
CD80C86
-40oC to +85oC ID80C86
-55oC
SMD#
CLCC
SMD#
PKG.
NO.
CP80C86-2 E40.6
IP80C86-2
E40.6
CS80C86-2 N44.65
IS80C86-2
N44.65
CD80C86-2 F40.6
ID80C86-2
F40.6
MD80C86/B MD80C862/B
F40.6
-55oC to +125oC 8405201QA 8405202QA F40.6
-55oC to +125oC MR80C86/B MR80C862/B
J44.A
-55oC to +125oC 8405201XA 8405202XA J44.A
CAUTION: These devices are sensitive to electrostatic discharge; follow proper IC Handling Procedures.
http://www.intersil.com or 407-727-9207 | Copyright © Intersil Corporation 1999
3-141
to
+125oC
8MHz
File Number
2957.1
80C86
Pinouts
80C86 (DIP)
TOP VIEW
GND
1
MAX
40 VCC
(MIN)
AD14
2
39 AD15
AD13
3
38 A16/S3
AD12
4
37 A17/S4
AD11
5
36 A18/S5
AD10
6
35 A19/S6
AD9
7
34 BHE/S7
AD8
8
33 MN/MX
AD7
9
32 RD
AD6
10
31 RQ/GT0
(HOLD)
AD5
11
30 RQ/GT1
(HLDA)
AD4
12
29 LOCK
(WR)
AD3
13
28 S2
(M/IO)
AD2
14
27 S1
(DT/R))
AD1
15
26 S0
(DEN)
AD0
16
25 QS0
(ALE)
NMI
17
24 QS1
(INTA)
INTR
18
23 TEST
CLK
19
22 READY
GND
20
21 RESET
VCC
A17/S4
A18/S5
NC
VCC
NC
A17/S4
A18/S5
GND
GND
AD15
AD14
AD14
A16/S3
AD13
AD13
AD15
AD11
AD12
AD12
MIN MODE
80C86
AD11
MAX MODE
80C86
A16/S3
80C86 (PLCC, CLCC)
TOP VIEW
6
5
4
3
2
1 44 43 42 41 40
7
39
8
38
NC
A19/S6
NC
A19/S6
AD8
9
37 BHE/S7
BHE/S7
AD7
10
36
MN/MX
MN/MX
AD6
AD6
11
35
RD
RD
AD5
AD5
12
34
HOLD
RQ/GT0
AD4
AD4
13
33
HLDA
RQ/GT1
AD3
AD3
14
32
WR
LOCK
AD2
AD2
15
31
M/IO
S2
AD1
AD0
AD1
AD0
16
30
17
29
DT/R
DEN
S1
S0
READY
TEST
INTA
ALE
TEST
QS1
QS0
NC
NC
READY
GND
GND
RESET
CLK
CLK
RESET
INTR
INTR
18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28
NC
AD7
NMI
AD8
NC
AD10
AD9
NMI
AD10
AD9
3-142
MIN MODE
80C86
MAX MODE
80C86
80C86
Functional Diagram
EXECUTION UNIT
REGISTER FILE
BUS INTERFACE UNIT
RELOCATION
REGISTER FILE
DATA POINTER
AND
INDEX REGS
(8 WORDS)
SEGMENT REGISTERS
AND
INSTRUCTION POINTER
(5 WORDS)
16-BIT ALU
16
BHE/S7
A19/S6
A16/S3
AD15-AD0
3
INTA, RD, WR
4
DT/R, DEN, ALE, M/IO
4
FLAGS
BUS INTERFACE UNIT
6-BYTE
INSTRUCTION
QUEUE
TEST
INTR
NMI
RQ/GT0, 1
LOCK
CONTROL AND TIMING
2
HOLD
HLDA
CLK
2
QS0, QS1
3
S2, S1, S0
3
RESET READY MN/MX GND
VCC
MEMORY INTERFACE
C-BUS
INSTRUCTION
STREAM BYTE
QUEUE
B-BUS
ES
CS
BUS
INTERFACE
UNIT
SS
DS
IP
EXECUTION UNIT
CONTROL SYSTEM
A-BUS
AH
BH
AL
BL
CL
CH
EXECUTION
UNIT
ARITHMETIC/
LOGIC UNIT
DL
DH
SP
BP
SI
FLAGS
DI
3-143
80C86
Pin Description
The following pin function descriptions are for 80C86 systems in either minimum or maximum mode. The “Local Bus” in these description is
the direct multiplexed bus interface connection to the 80C86 (without regard to additional bus buffers).
SYMBOL
PIN
NUMBER
TYPE
DESCRIPTION
AD15-AD0
2-16, 39
I/O
ADDRESS DATA BUS: These lines constitute the time multiplexed memory/lO address (T1) and
data (T2, T3, TW, T4) bus. A0 is analogous to BHE for the lower byte of the data bus, pins D7D0. It is LOW during Ti when a byte is to be transferred on the lower portion of the bus in memory
or I/O operations. Eight-bit oriented devices tied to the lower half would normally use A0 to condition chip select functions (See BHE). These lines are active HIGH and are held at high impedance to the last valid logic level during interrupt acknowledge and local bus “hold acknowledge”
or “grant sequence”.
A19/S6
A18/S5
A17/S4
A16/S3
35-38
O
ADDRESS/STATUS: During T1, these are the four most significant address lines for memory operations. During I/O operations these lines are LOW. During memory and I/O operations, status
information is available on these lines during T2, T3, TW, T4. S6 is always LOW. The status of
the interrupt enable FLAG bit (S5) is updated at the beginning of each clock cycle. S4 and S3
are encoded as shown.
This information indicates which segment register is presently being used for data accessing.
These lines are held at high impedance to the last valid logic level during local bus “hold acknowledge” or “grant sequence”.
BHE/S7
34
O
S4
S3
CHARACTERISTICS
0
0
Alternate Data
0
1
Stack
1
0
Code or None
1
1
Data
BUS HIGH ENABLE/STATUS: During T1 the bus high enable signal (BHE) should be used to
enable data onto the most significant half of the data bus, pins D15-D8. Eight bit oriented devices
tied to the upper half of the bus would normally use BHE to condition chip select functions. BHE
is LOW during T1 for read, write, and interrupt acknowledge cycles when a byte is to be transferred on the high portion of the bus. The S7 status information is available during T2, T3 and
T4. The signal is active LOW, and is held at high impedance to the last valid logic level during
interrupt acknowledge and local bus “hold acknowledge” or “grant sequence”, it is LOW during
T1 for the first interrupt acknowledge cycle.
BHE
A0
CHARACTERISTICS
0
0
Whole Word
0
1
Upper Byte From/to Odd Address
1
0
Lower Byte From/to Even address
1
1
None
RD
32
O
READ: Read strobe indicates that the processor is performing a memory or I/O read cycle, depending on the state of the M/IO or S2 pin. This signal is used to read devices which reside on
the 80C86 local bus. RD is active LOW during T2, T3 and TW of any read cycle, and is guaranteed to remain HIGH in T2 until the 80C86 local bus has floated.
This line is held at a high impedance logic one state during “hold acknowledge” or “grand sequence”.
READY
22
I
READY: is the acknowledgment from the addressed memory or I/O device that will complete the
data transfer. The RDY signal from memory or I/O is synchronized by the 82C84A Clock Generator to form READY. This signal is active HIGH. The 80C86 READY input is not synchronized.
Correct operation is not guaranteed if the Setup and Hold Times are not met.
3-144
80C86
Pin Description
(Continued)
The following pin function descriptions are for 80C86 systems in either minimum or maximum mode. The “Local Bus” in these description is
the direct multiplexed bus interface connection to the 80C86 (without regard to additional bus buffers).
SYMBOL
PIN
NUMBER
TYPE
DESCRIPTION
INTR
18
I
INTERRUPT REQUEST: is a level triggered input which is sampled during the last clock cycle
of each instruction to determine if the processor should enter into an interrupt acknowledge operation. A subroutine is vectored to via an interrupt vector lookup table located in system memory. It can be internally masked by software resetting the interrupt enable bit.
lNTR is internally synchronized. This signal is active HIGH.
TEST
23
I
TEST: input is examined by the “Wait” instruction. If the TEST input is LOW execution continues,
otherwise the processor waits in an “Idle” state. This input is synchronized internally during each
clock cycle on the leading edge of CLK.
NMI
17
I
NON-MASKABLE INTERRUPT: is an edge triggered input which causes a type 2 interrupt. A
subroutine is vectored to via an interrupt vector lookup table located in system memory. NMI is
not maskable internally by software. A transition from LOW to HIGH initiates the interrupt at the
end of the current instruction. This input is internally synchronized.
RESET
21
I
RESET: causes the processor to immediately terminate its present activity. The signal must transition LOW to HIGH and remain active HIGH for at least four clock cycles. It restarts execution,
as described in the Instruction Set description, when RESET returns LOW. RESET is internally
synchronized.
CLK
19
I
CLOCK: provides the basic timing for the processor and bus controller. It is asymmetric with a
33% duty cycle to provide optimized internal timing.
VCC
40
VCC: +5V power supply pin. A 0.1µF capacitor between pins 20 and 40 is recommended for decoupling.
GND
1, 20
GND: Ground. Note: both must be connected. A 0.1µF capacitor between pins 1 and 20 is recommended for decoupling.
MN/MX
33
I
MINIMUM/MAXIMUM: Indicates what mode the processor is to operate in. The two modes are
discussed in the following sections.
Minimum Mode System
The following pin function descriptions are for the 80C86 in minimum mode (i.e., MN/MX = VCC). Only the pin functions which are unique to
minimum mode are described; all other pin functions are as described below.
SYMBOL
PIN
NUMBER
TYPE
DESCRIPTION
M/IO
28
O
STATUS LINE: logically equivalent to S2 in the maximum mode. It is used to distinguish a memory access from an I/O access. M/lO becomes valid in the T4 preceding a bus cycle and remains
valid until the final T4 of the cycle (M = HIGH, I/O = LOW). M/lO is held to a high impedance logic
one during local bus “hold acknowledge”.
WR
29
O
WRITE: indicates that the processor is performing a write memory or write I/O cycle, depending
on the state of the M/IO signal. WR is active for T2, T3 and TW of any write cycle. It is active
LOW, and is held to high impedance logic one during local bus “hold acknowledge”.
INTA
24
O
INTERRUPT ACKNOWLEDGE: is used as a read strobe for interrupt acknowledge cycles. It is
active LOW during T2, T3 and TW of each interrupt acknowledge cycle. Note that INTA is never
floated.
ALE
25
O
ADDRESS LATCH ENABLE: is provided by the processor to latch the address into the
82C82/82C83 address latch. It is a HIGH pulse active during clock LOW of T1 of any bus cycle.
Note that ALE is never floated.
3-145
80C86
Minimum Mode System
(Continued)
The following pin function descriptions are for the 80C86 in minimum mode (i.e., MN/MX = VCC). Only the pin functions which are unique to
minimum mode are described; all other pin functions are as described below.
SYMBOL
PIN
NUMBER
TYPE
DESCRIPTION
DT/R
27
O
DATA TRANSMIT/RECEIVE: is needed in a minimum system that desires to use a data bus
transceiver. It is used to control the direction of data flow through the transceiver. Logically,
DT/R is equivalent to S1 in maximum mode, and its timing is the same as for M/IO (T = HIGH,
R = LOW). DT/R is held to a high impedance logic one during local bus “hold acknowledge”.
DEN
26
O
DATA ENABLE: provided as an output enable for a bus transceiver in a minimum system which
uses the transceiver. DEN is active LOW during each memory and I/O access and for INTA cycles. For a read or INTA cycle it is active from the middle of T2 until the middle of T4, while for a
write cycle it is active from the beginning of T2 until the middle of T4. DEN is held to a high impedance logic one during local bus “hold acknowledge”.
HOLD
HLDA
31, 30
I
O
HOLD: indicates that another master is requesting a local bus “hold”. To be an acknowledged,
HOLD must be active HIGH. The processor receiving the “hold” will issue a “hold acknowledge”
(HLDA) in the middle of a T4 or TI clock cycle. Simultaneously with the issuance of HLDA, the
processor will float the local bus and control lines. After HOLD is detected as being LOW, the
processor will lower HLDA, and when the processor needs to run another cycle, it will again drive
the local bus and control lines.
HOLD is not an asynchronous input. External synchronization should be provided if the system
cannot otherwise guarantee the setup time.
Maximum Mode System
The following pin function descriptions are for the 80C86 system in maximum mode (i.e., MN/MX - GND). Only the pin functions which are
unique to maximum mode are described below.
SYMBOL
PIN
NUMBER
TYPE
DESCRIPTION
S0
S1
S2
26
27
28
O
O
O
STATUS: is active during T4, T1 and T2 and is returned to the passive state (1, 1, 1) during T3
or during TW when READY is HIGH. This status is used by the 82C88 Bus Controller to generate
all memory and I/O access control signals. Any change by S2, S1 or S0 during T4 is used to
indicate the beginning of a bus cycle, and the return to the passive state in T3 or TW is used to
indicate the end of a bus cycle.
These signals are held at a high impedance logic one state during “grant sequence”.
S2
S1
S0
0
0
0
Interrupt Acknowledge
0
0
1
Read I/O Port
0
1
0
Write I/O Port
0
1
1
Halt
1
0
0
Code Access
1
0
1
Read Memory
1
1
0
Write Memory
1
1
1
Passive
3-146
CHARACTERISTICS
80C86
Maximum Mode System
(Continued)
The following pin function descriptions are for the 80C86 system in maximum mode (i.e., MN/MX - GND). Only the pin functions which are
unique to maximum mode are described below.
SYMBOL
RQ/GT0
RQ/GT1
PIN
NUMBER
TYPE
DESCRIPTION
31, 30
I/O
REQUEST/GRANT: pins are used by other local bus masters to force the processor to release
the local bus at the end of the processor’s current bus cycle. Each pin is bidirectional with
RQ/GTO having higher priority than RQ/GT1. RQ/GT has an internal pull-up bus hold device so
it may be left unconnected. The request/grant sequence is as follows (see RQ/GT Sequence
Timing)
1. A pulse of 1 CLK wide from another local bus master indicates a local bus request (“hold”)
to the 80C86 (pulse 1).
2. During a T4 or TI clock cycle, a pulse 1 CLK wide from the 80C86 to the requesting master
(pulse 2) indicates that the 80C86 has allowed the local bus to float and that it will enter the
“grant sequence” state at the next CLK. The CPU’s bus interface unit is disconnected logically from the local bus during “grant sequence”.
3. A pulse 1 CLK wide from the requesting master indicates to the 80C86 (pulse 3) that the
“hold” request is about to end and that the 80C86 can reclaim the local bus at the next CLK.
The CPU then enters T4 (or TI if no bus cycles pending).
Each Master-Master exchange of the local bus is a sequence of 3 pulses. There must be one
idle CLK cycle after each bus exchange. Pulses are active low.
If the request is made while the CPU is performing a memory cycle, it will release the local
bus during T4 of the cycle when all the following conditions are met:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Request occurs on or before T2.
Current cycle is not the low byte of a word (on an odd address).
Current cycle is not the first acknowledge of an interrupt acknowledge sequence.
A locked instruction is not currently executing.
If the local bus is idle when the request is made the two possible events will follow:
1. Local bus will be released during the next cycle.
2. A memory cycle will start within three clocks. Now the four rules for a currently active memory
cycle apply with condition number 1 already satisfied.
LOCK
29
O
LOCK: output indicates that other system bus masters are not to gain control of the system bus
while LOCK is active LOW. The LOCK signal is activated by the “LOCK” prefix instruction and
remains active until the completion of the next instruction. This signal is active LOW, and is held
at a high impedance logic one state during “grant sequence”. In MAX mode, LOCK is automatically generated during T2 of the first INTA cycle and removed during T2 of the second INTA
cycle.
QS1, QSO
24, 25
O
QUEUE STATUS: The queue status is valid during the CLK cycle after which the queue operation is performed.
QS1 and QS0 provide status to allow external tracking of the internal 80C86 instruction queue.
Note that QS1, QS0 never become high impedance.
QSI
QSO
0
0
No Operation
0
1
First byte of op code from queue
1
0
Empty the queue
1
1
Subsequent byte from queue
3-147
80C86
Functional Description
code, data, extra and stack segments of up to 64K bytes
each, with each segment falling on 16-byte boundaries. (See
Figure 1).
Static Operation
All 80C86 circuitry is of static design. Internal registers,
counters and latches are static and require no refresh as
with dynamic circuit design. This eliminates the minimum
operating frequency restriction placed on other microprocessors. The CMOS 80C86 can operate from DC to the specified upper frequency limit. The processor clock may be
stopped in either state (HIGH/LOW) and held there indefinitely. This type of operation is especially useful for system
debug or power critical applications.
The 80C86 can be single stepped using only the CPU clock.
This state can be maintained as long as is necessary. Single
step clock operation allows simple interface circuitry to provide critical information for bringing up your system.
FFFFFH
64K-BIT
CODE SEGMENT
XXXXOH
STACK SEGMENT
+ OFFSET
SEGMENT
REGISTER FILE
DATA SEGMENT
CS
SS
Static design also allows very low frequency operation
(down to DC). In a power critical situation, this can provide
extremely low power operation since 80C86 power dissipation is directly related to operating frequency. As the system
frequency is reduced, so is the operating power until, ultimately, at a DC input frequency, the 80C86 power requirement is the standby current, (500µA maximum).
DS
ES
EXTRA SEGMENT
00000H
Internal Architecture
FIGURE 1. 80C86 MEMORY ORGANIZATION
The internal functions of the 80C86 processor are partitioned logically into two processing units. The first is the Bus
Interface Unit (BlU) and the second is the Execution Unit
(EU) as shown in the CPU functional diagram.
These units can interact directly, but for the most part perform
as separate asynchronous operational processors. The bus
interface unit provides the functions related to instruction
fetching and queuing, operand fetch and store, and address
relocation. This unit also provides the basic bus control. The
overlap of instruction pre-fetching provided by this unit serves
to increase processor performance through improved bus
bandwidth utilization. Up to 6 bytes of the instruction stream
can be queued while waiting for decoding and execution.
The instruction stream queuing mechanism allows the BIU
to keep the memory utilized very efficiently. Whenever there
is space for at least 2 bytes in the queue, the BlU will attempt
a word fetch memory cycle. This greatly reduces “dead-time”
on the memory bus. The queue acts as a First-In-First-Out
(FIFO) buffer, from which the EU extracts instruction bytes
as required. If the queue is empty (following a branch
instruction, for example), the first byte into the queue immediately becomes available to the EU.
The execution unit receives pre-fetched instructions from the
BlU queue and provides un-relocated operand addresses to
the BlU. Memory operands are passed through the BIU for processing by the EU, which passes results to the BIU for storage.
Memory Organization
The processor provides a 20-bit address to memory, which
locates the byte being referenced. The memory is organized
as a linear array of up to 1 million bytes, addressed as
00000(H) to FFFFF(H). The memory is logically divided into
TABLE 1.
TYPE OF
MEMORY
REFERENCE
DEFAULT
SEGMENT
BASE
ALTERNATE
SEGMENT
BASE
Instruction Fetch
CS
None
IP
Stack Operation
SS
None
SP
Variable (except
following)
DS
CS, ES, SS
Effective
Address
String Source
DS
CS, ES, SS
SI
String Destination
ES
None
DI
BP Used As Base
Register
SS
CS, DS, ES
OFFSET
Effective
Address
All memory references are made relative to base addresses
contained in high speed segment registers. The segment
types were chosen based on the addressing needs of programs. The segment register to be selected is automatically
chosen according to the specific rules of Table 1. All information in one segment type share the same logical attributes
(e.g. code or data). By structuring memory into re-locatable
areas of similar characteristics and by automatically selecting segment registers, programs are shorter, faster and
more structured. (See Table 1).
Word (16-bit) operands can be located on even or odd
address boundaries and are thus, not constrained to even
boundaries as is the case in many 16-bit computers. For
address and data operands, the least significant byte of the
word is stored in the lower valued address location and the
most significant byte in the next higher address location. The
BIU automatically performs the proper number of memory
3-148
80C86
accesses; one, if the word operand is on an even byte
boundary and two, if it is on an odd byte boundary. Except
for the performance penalty, this double access is transparent to the software. The performance penalty does not occur
for instruction fetches; only word operands.
Physically, the memory is organized as a high bank (D15D8) and a low bank (D7-D0) of 512K bytes addressed in parallel by the processor’s address lines.
Byte data with even addresses is transferred on the D7-D0
bus lines, while odd addressed byte data (A0 HIGH) is transferred on the D15-D8 bus lines. The processor provides two
enable signals, BHE and A0, to selectively allow reading
from or writing into either an odd byte location, even byte
location, or both. The instruction stream is fetched from
memory as words and is addressed internally by the processor at the byte level as necessary.
In referencing word data, the BlU requires one or two memory
cycles depending on whether the starting byte of the word is
on an even or odd address, respectively. Consequently, in referencing word operands performance can be optimized by
locating data on even address boundaries. This is an especially useful technique for using the stack, since odd address
references to the stack may adversely affect the context
switching time for interrupt processing or task multiplexing.
Certain locations in memory are reserved for specific CPU
operations (See Figure 2). Locations from address FFFF0H
through FFFFFH are reserved for operations including a jump
to the initial program loading routine. Following RESET, the
CPU will always begin execution at location FFFF0H where
the jump must be located. Locations 00000H through 003FFH
are reserved for interrupt operations. Each of the 256 possible
interrupt service routines is accessed thru its own pair of 16bit pointers (segment address pointer and offset address
pointer). The first pointer, used as the offset address, is
loaded into the lP and the second pointer, which designates
the base address is loaded into the CS. At this point program
control is transferred to the interrupt routine. The pointer elements are assumed to have been stored at the respective
places in reserved memory prior to occurrence of interrupts.
Minimum and Maximum Operation Modes
The requirements for supporting minimum and maximum
80C86 systems are sufficiently different that they cannot be
met efficiently using 40 uniquely defined pins. Consequently,
the 80C86 is equipped with a strap pin (MN/MX) which
defines the system configuration. The definition of a certain
subset of the pins changes, dependent on the condition of the
strap pin. When the MN/MX pin is strapped to GND, the
80C86 defines pins 24 through 31 and 34 in maximum mode.
When the MN/MX pin is strapped to VCC, the 80C86 generates bus control signals itself on pins 24 through 31 and 34.
80C86 provides DEN and DT/R to control the transceiver, and
ALE to latch the addresses. This configuration of the minimum
mode provides the standard demultiplexed bus structure with
heavy bus buffering and relaxed bus timing requirements.
The maximum mode employs the 82C88 bus controller (See
Figure 6B). The 82C88 decodes status lines S0, S1 and S2,
and provides the system with all bus control signals.
Moving the bus control to the 82C88 provides better source
and sink current capability to the control lines, and frees the
80C86 pins for extended large system features. Hardware
lock, queue status, and two request/grant interfaces are provided by the 80C86 in maximum mode. These features allow
coprocessors in local bus and remote bus configurations.
Bus Operation
The 80C86 has a combined address and data bus commonly referred to as a time multiplexed bus. This technique
provides the most efficient use of pins on the processor
while permitting the use of a standard 40 lead package. This
“local bus” can be buffered directly and used throughout the
system with address latching provided on memory and I/O
modules. In addition, the bus can also be demultiplexed at
the processor with a single set of 82C82 address latches if a
standard non-multiplexed bus is desired for the system.
Each processor bus cycle consists of at least four CLK
cycles. These are referred to as T1, T2, T3 and T4 (see Figure 3). The address is emitted from the processor during T1
and data transfer occurs on the bus during T3 and T4. T2 is
used primarily for changing the direction of the bus during
read operations. In the event that a “NOT READY” indication
is given by the addressed device, “Wait” states (TW) are
inserted between T3 and T4. Each inserted wait state is the
same duration as a CLK cycle. Periods can occur between
80C86 driven bus cycles. These are referred to as idle”
states (TI) or inactive CLK cycles. The processor uses these
cycles for internal housekeeping and processing.
During T1 of any bus cycle, the ALE (Address Latch Enable)
signal is emitted (by either the processor or the 82C88 bus
controller, depending on the MN/MX strap). At the trailing
edge of this pulse, a valid address and certain status information for the cycle may be latched.
Status bits S0, S1 and S2 are used by the bus controller, in
maximum mode, to identify the type of bus transaction
according to Table 2.
The minimum mode 80C86 can be used with either a multiplexed or demultiplexed bus. This architecture provides the
80C86 processing power in a highly integrated form.
The demultiplexed mode requires two 82C82 latches (for 64K
addressability) or three 82C82 latches (for a full megabyte of
addressing). An 82C86 or 82C87 transceiver can also be
used if data bus buffering is required. (See Figure 6A.) The
3-149
TABLE 2.
S2
S1
S0
CHARACTERISTICS
0
0
0
Interrupt
0
0
1
Read I/O
0
1
0
Write I/O
0
1
1
Halt
1
0
0
Instruction Fetch
1
0
1
Read Data from Memory
1
1
0
Write Data to Memory
1
1
1
Passive (No Bus Cycle)
80C86
Status bits S3 through S7 are time multiplexed with high
order address bits and the BHE signal, and are therefore
valid during T2 through T4. S3 and S4 indicate which segment register (see Instruction Set Description) was used for
this bus cycle in forming the address, according to Table 3.
S5 is a reflection of the PSW interrupt enable bit. S3 is
always zero and S7 is a spare status bit.
TABLE 3.
S4
S3
CHARACTERISTICS
0
0
Alternate Data (Extra Segment)
0
1
Stack
1
0
Code or None
1
1
Data
FFFFFH
FFFF0H
I/O Addressing
In the 80C86, I/O operations can address up to a maximum
of 64K I/O byte registers or 32K I/O word registers. The I/O
address appears in the same format as the memory address
on bus lines A15-A0. The address lines A19-A16 are zero in
I/O operations. The variable I/O instructions which use register DX as a pointer have full address capability while the
direct I/O instructions directly address one or two of the 256
I/O byte locations in page 0 of the I/O address space.
I/O ports are addressed in the same manner as memory locations. Even addressed bytes are transferred on the D7-D0 bus
lines and odd addressed bytes on D15-D8. Care must be taken
to ensure that each register within an 8-bit peripheral located on
the lower portion of the bus be addressed as even.
RESET BOOTSTRAP
PROGRAM JUMP
3FCH
TYPE 225 POINTER
(AVAILABLE)
084H
TYPE 33 POINTER
(AVAILABLE)
080H
TYPE 32 POINTER
(AVAILABLE)
07FH
TYPE 31 POINTER
(AVAILABLE)
014H
TYPE 5 POINTER
(RESERVED)
010H
TYPE 4 POINTER
OVERFLOW
00CH
TYPE 3 POINTER
1 BYTE INT INSTRUCTION
008H
TYPE 2 POINTER
NON MASKABLE
004H
TYPE 1 POINTER
SINGLE STEP
000H
TYPE 0 POINTER
DIVIDE ERROR
3FFH
AVAILABLE
INTERRUPT
POINTERS
(224)
RESERVED
INTERRUPT
POINTERS
(27)
DEDICATED
INTERRUPT
POINTERS
(5)
CS BASE ADDRESS
16 BITS
FIGURE 2. RESERVED MEMORY LOCATIONS
3-150
IP OFFSET
80C86
(4 + NWAIT) = TCY
T1
T2
T3
(4 + NWAIT) = TCY
TWAIT
T4
T1
T2
T3
TWAIT
T4
CLK
GOES INACTIVE IN THE STATE
JUST PRIOR TO T4
ALE
S2-S0
ADDR/
STATUS
BHE,
A19-A16
BHE
A19-A16
S7-S3
S7-S3
BUS RESERVED
FOR DATA IN
ADDR/DATA
D15-D0
VALID
A15-A0
A15-A0
DATA OUT (D15-D0)
RD, INTA
READY
READY
READY
WAIT
WAIT
DT/R
DEN
MEMORY ACCESS TIME
WR
FIGURE 3. BASIC SYSTEM TIMING
3-151
80C86
External Interface
Interrupt Operations
Processor RESET and Initialization
Processor initialization or start up is accomplished with activation (HIGH) of the RESET pin. The 80C86 RESET is required to
be HIGH for greater than 4 CLK cycles. The 80C86 will terminate operations on the high-going edge of RESET and will
remain dormant as long as RESET is HIGH. The low-going
transition of RESET triggers an internal reset sequence for
approximately 7 clock cycles. After this interval, the 80C86
operates normally beginning with the instruction in absolute
location FFFF0H. (See Figure 2). The RESET input is internally
synchronized to the processor clock. At initialization, the HIGHto-LOW transition of RESET must occur no sooner than 50µs
(or 4 CLK cycles, whichever is greater) after power-up, to allow
complete initialization of the 80C86.
NMl will not be recognized prior to the second CLK cycle following the end of RESET. If NMl is asserted sooner than nine clock
cycles after the end of RESET, the processor may execute one
instruction before responding to the interrupt.
Bus Hold Circuitry
To avoid high current conditions caused by floating inputs to
CMOS devices and to eliminate need for pull-up/down resistors,
“bus-hold” circuitry has been used on the 80C86 pins 2-16, 2632 and 34-39. (See Figure 4A and Figure 4B). These circuits
will maintain the last valid logic state if no driving source is
present (i.e., an unconnected pin or a driving source which
goes to a high impedance state). To overdrive the “bus hold” circuits, an external driver must be capable of supplying approximately 400µA minimum sink or source current at valid input
voltage levels. Since this “bus hold” circuitry is active and not a
“resistive” type element, the associated power supply current is
negligible and power dissipation is significantly reduced when
compared to the use of passive pull-up resistors.
BOND
PAD
OUTPUT
DRIVER
EXTERNAL
PIN
INPUT
BUFFER
FIGURE 4A. BUS HOLD CIRCUITRY PIN 2-16, 34-39
BOND
PAD
OUTPUT
DRIVER
INPUT
BUFFER
Interrupts result in a transfer of control to a new program location. A 256-element table containing address pointers to the
interrupt service program locations resides in absolute locations 0 through 3FFH, which are reserved for this purpose.
Each element in the table is 4 bytes in size and corresponds
to an interrupt “type”. An interrupting device supplies an 8-bit
type number during the interrupt acknowledge sequence,
which is used to “vector” through the appropriate element to
the new interrupt service program location. All flags and both
the Code Segment and Instruction Pointer register are saved
as part of the lNTA sequence. These are restored upon execution of an Interrupt Return (IRET) instruction.
Non-Maskable Interrupt (NMI)
The processor provides a single non-maskable interrupt pin
(NMI) which has higher priority than the maskable interrupt
request pin (INTR). A typical use would be to activate a
power failure routine. The NMI is edge-triggered on a LOWto-HIGH transition. The activation of this pin causes a type 2
interrupt.
NMl is required to have a duration in the HIGH state of
greater than two CLK cycles, but is not required to be synchronized to the clock. Any positive transition of NMI is
latched on-chip and will be serviced at the end of the current
instruction or between whole moves of a block-type instruction. Worst case response to NMI would be for multiply,
divide, and variable shift instructions. There is no specification on the occurrence of the low-going edge; it may occur
before, during or after the servicing of NMI. Another positive
edge triggers another response if it occurs after the start of
the NMI procedure. The signal must be free of logical spikes
in general and be free of bounces on the low-going edge to
avoid triggering extraneous responses.
Maskable Interrupt (INTR)
INPUT
PROTECTION
CIRCUITRY
VCC
Interrupt operations fall into two classes: software or hardware initiated. The software initiated interrupts and software
aspects of hardware interrupts are specified in the Instruction Set Description. Hardware interrupts can be classified
as non-maskable or maskable.
P
EXTERNAL
PIN
INPUT
PROTECTION
CIRCUITRY
FIGURE 4B. BUS HOLD CIRCUITRY PIN 26-32
The 80C86 provides a single interrupt request input (lNTR)
which can be masked internally by software with the resetting of the interrupt enable flag (IF) status bit. The interrupt
request signal is level triggered. It is internally synchronized
during each clock cycle on the high-going edge of CLK. To
be responded to, lNTR must be present (HIGH) during the
clock period preceding the end of the current instruction or
the end of a whole move for a block type instruction. lNTR
may be removed anytime after the falling edge of the first
INTA signal. During the interrupt response sequence further
interrupts are disabled. The enable bit is reset as part of the
response to any interrupt (lNTR, NMI, software interrupt or
single-step), although the FLAGS register which is automatically pushed onto the stack reflects the state of the processor prior to the interrupt. Until the old FLAGS register is
restored, the enable bit will be zero unless specifically set by
an instruction.
3-152
80C86
During the response sequence (Figure 5) the processor executes two successive (back-to-back) interrupt acknowledge
cycles. The 80C86 emits the LOCK signal (Max mode only)
from T2 of the first bus cycle until T2 of the second. A local
bus “hold” request will not be honored until the end of the
second bus cycle. In the second bus cycle, a byte is supplied
to the 80C86 by the 82C59A Interrupt Controller, which identifies the source (type) of the interrupt. This byte is multiplied
by four and used as a pointer into the interrupt vector lookup
table. An INTR signal left HIGH will be continually responded
to within the limitations of the enable bit and sample period.
The INTERRUPT RETURN instruction includes a FLAGS
pop which returns the status of the original interrupt enable
bit when it restores the FLAGS.
T1
T2
T3
T4
TI
T1
T2
T3
External Synchronization Via TEST
As an alternative to interrupts, the 80C86 provides a single
software-testable input pin (TEST). This input is utilized by
executing a WAIT instruction. The single WAIT instruction is
repeatedly executed until the TEST input goes active (LOW).
The execution of WAIT does not consume bus cycles once
the queue is full.
If a local bus request occurs during WAIT execution, the
80C86 three-states all output drivers while inputs and I/O
pins are held at valid logic levels by internal bus-hold circuits.
If interrupts are enabled, the 80C86 will recognize interrupts
and process them when it regains control of the bus. The
WAIT instruction is then refetched, and re-executed.
TABLE 4. 80C86 REGISTER
T4
ALE
LOCK
AX
AH
AL
ACCUMULATOR
BX
BH
BL
BASE
CX
CH
CL
COUNT
DX
DH
DL
DATA
INTA
AD0AD15
FLOAT
TYPE
VECTOR
FIGURE 5. INTERRUPT ACKNOWLEDGE SEQUENCE
Halt
When a software “HALT” instruction is executed the processor indicates that it is entering the “HALT” state in one of two
ways depending upon which mode is strapped. In minimum
mode, the processor issues one ALE with no qualifying bus
control signals. In maximum mode the processor issues
appropriate HALT status on S2, S1, S0 and the 82C88 bus
controller issues one ALE. The 80C86 will not leave the
“HALT” state when a local bus “hold” is entered while in
“HALT”. In this case, the processor reissues the HALT indicator at the end of the local bus hold. An NMI or interrupt
request (when interrupts enabled) or RESET will force the
80C86 out of the “HALT” state.
Read/Modify/Write (Semaphore)
Operations Via Lock
The LOCK status information is provided by the processor
when consecutive bus cycles are required during the execution
of an instruction. This gives the processor the capability of performing read/modify/write operations on memory (via the
Exchange Register With Memory instruction, for example) without another system bus master receiving intervening memory
cycles. This is useful in multiprocessor system configurations to
accomplish “test and set lock” operations. The LOCK signal is
activated (forced LOW) in the clock cycle following decoding of
the software “LOCK” prefix instruction. It is deactivated at the
end of the last bus cycle of the instruction following the “LOCK”
prefix instruction. While LOCK is active a request on a RQ/GT
pin will be recorded and then honored at the end of the LOCK.
SP
STACK POINTER
BP
BASE POINTER
SI
SOURCE INDEX
DI
DESTINATION INDEX
IP
INSTRUCTION POINTER
FLAGSH
FLAGSL
STATUS FLAG
CS
CODE SEGMENT
DS
DATA SEGMENT
SS
STACK SEGMENT
ES
EXTRA SEGMENT
Basic System Timing
Typical system configurations for the processor operating in
minimum mode and in maximum mode are shown in Figures
6A and 6B, respectively. In minimum mode, the MN/MX pin
is strapped to VCC and the processor emits bus control signals (e.g. RD, WR, etc.) directly. In maximum mode, the
MN/MX pin is strapped to GND and the processor emits
coded status information which the 82C88 bus controller
uses to generate MULTIBUS compatible bus control signals.
Figure 3 shows the signal timing relationships.
System Timing - Minimum System
The read cycle begins in T1 with the assertion of the
Address Latch Enable (ALE) signal. The trailing (low-going)
edge of this signal is used to latch the address information,
which is valid on the address/data bus (AD0-AD15) at this
time, into the 82C82/82C83 latch. The BHE and A0 signals
address the low, high or both bytes. From T1 to T4 the M/lO
signal indicates a memory or I/O operation. At T2, the
address is removed from the address/data bus and the bus
is held at the last valid logic state by internal bus hold
3-153
80C86
devices. The read control signal is also asserted at T2. The
read (RD) signal causes the addressed device to enable its
data bus drivers to the local bus. Some time later, valid data
will be available on the bus and the addressed device will
drive the READY line HIGH. When the processor returns the
read signal to a HIGH level, the addressed device will again
three-state its bus drivers. If a transceiver (82C86/82C87) is
required to buffer the 80C86 local bus, signals DT/R and
DEN are provided by the 80C86.
A write cycle also begins with the assertion of ALE and the
emission of the address. The M/IO signal is again asserted
to indicate a memory or I/O write operation. In T2, immediately following the address emission, the processor emits
the data to be written into the addressed location. This data
remains valid until at least the middle of T4. During T2, T3
and TW, the processor asserts the write control signal. The
write (WR) signal becomes active at the beginning of T2 as
opposed to the read which is delayed somewhat into T2 to
provide time for output drivers to become inactive.
The BHE and A0 signals are used to select the proper
byte(s) of the memory/lO word to be read or written according to Table 5.
A0
0
0
Whole word
0
1
Upper Byte From/To Odd Address
1
0
Lower Byte From/To Even Address
1
1
None
For medium complexity systems the MN/MX pin is connected to GND and the 82C88 Bus Controller is added to the
system as well as an 82C82/82C83 latch for latching the
system address, and an 82C86/82C87 transceiver to allow
for bus loading greater than the 80C86 is capable of handling. Signals ALE, DEN, and DT/R are generated by the
82C88 instead of the processor in this configuration,
although their timing remains relatively the same. The
80C86 status outputs (S2, S1 and S0) provide type-of-cycle
information and become 82C88 inputs. This bus cycle information specifies read (code, data or I/O), write (data or I/O),
interrupt acknowledge, or software halt. The 82C88 issues
control signals specifying memory read or write, I/O read or
write, or interrupt acknowledge. The 82C88 provides two
types of write strobes, normal and advanced, to be applied
as required. The normal write strobes have data valid at the
leading edge of write. The advanced write strobes have the
same timing as read strobes, and hence, data is not valid at
the leading edge of write. The 82C86/82C87 transceiver
receives the usual T and OE inputs from the 82C88 DT/R
and DEN signals.
The pointer into the interrupt vector table, which is passed
during the second INTA cycle, can be derived from an
82C59A located on either the local bus or the system bus. If
the master 82C59A Priority Interrupt Controller is positioned
on the local bus, the 82C86/82C87 transceiver must be disabled when reading from the master 82C59A during the
interrupt acknowledge sequence and software “poll”.
TABLE 5.
BHE
Bus Timing - Medium Size Systems
CHARACTERISTICS
I/O ports are addressed in the same manner as memory
location. Even addressed bytes are transferred on the D7-D0
bus lines and odd address bytes on D15-D8.
The basic difference between the interrupt acknowledge
cycle and a read cycle is that the interrupt acknowledge signal (INTA) is asserted in place of the read (RD) signal and
the address bus is held at the last valid logic state by internal
bus hold devices. (See Figure 4). In the second of two successive INTA cycles a byte of information is read from the
data bus (D7-D0) as supplied by the interrupt system logic
(i.e., 82C59A Priority Interrupt Controller). This byte identifies the source (type) of the interrupt. It is multiplied by four
and used as a pointer into an interrupt vector lookup table,
as described earlier.
3-154
80C86
VCC
VCC
MN/MX
M/IO
INTA
82C8A/85
CLOCK
GENERATOR
CLK
READY
RES
RD
WR
RESET
RDY
DT/R
DEN
GND
WAIT
STATE
GENERATOR
ALE
80C86
CPU
GND
1
VCC
AD0-AD15
A16-A19
C1
20
STB
GND
OE
ADDR
ADDR/DATA
82C82
LATCH
2 OR 3
BHE
GND
C2
40
T
VCC
OE
82C86
TRANSCEIVER
(2)
C1 = C2 = 0.1µF
DATA
A0
BHE
OPTIONAL
FOR INCREASED
DATA BUS DRIVE
EH
EL
W G
HM-6516
CMOS RAM
2K x 8
2K x 8
E
G
HM-6616
CMOS PROM (2)
2K x 8 2K x 8
CS
RD WR
CMOS
82CXX
PERIPHERALS
FIGURE 6A. MINIMUM MODE 80C86 TYPICAL CONFIGURATION
VCC
GND
MN/MX
CLK
S0
READY S1
RESET S2
82C84A/85
CLOCK
GENERATOR/
RES
RDY
80C86
CPU
GND
LOCK
WAIT
STATE
GENERATOR
MRDC
NC
NC
NC
STB
GND
1
VCC
CLK
MWTC
S0
82C88
S1 BUS AMWC
S2 CTRLR IORC
IOWC
DEN
DT/R
AIOWC
ALE
INTA
C1
GND
AD0-AD15
A16-A19
BHE
20
ADDR/DATA
OE
ADDR
82C82
(2 OR 3)
GND
C2
40
C1 = C2 = 0.1µF
VCC
T
OE
DATA
82C86
TRANSCEIVER
(2)
A0
BHE
EH
EL
W G
HM-65162
CMOS RAM
2K x 8
2K x 8
E
G
HM-6616
CMOS PROM (2)
2K x 8 2K x 8
FIGURE 6B. MAXIMUM MODE 80C86 TYPICAL CONFIGURATION
3-155
CS
RDWR
CMOS
82CXX
PERIPHERALS
80C86
Absolute Maximum Ratings
Thermal Information
Supply Voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . +8.0V
Input, Output or I/O Voltage . . . . . . . . . . . .GND -0.5V to VCC +0.5V
Storage Temperature Range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -65oC to +150oC
Junction Temperature
Ceramic Packages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . +175oC
Plastic Packages. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . +150oC
Lead Temperature (Soldering 10s) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . +300oC
(Lead tips only for surface mount packages)
ESD Classification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Class 1
Thermal Resistance (Typical, Note 1)
θJA (oC/W) θJC (oC/W)
PDIP Package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
50
N/A
PLCC Package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
46
N/A
SBDIP Package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
30
6
CLCC Package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
40
6
Gate Count . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9750 Gates
CAUTION: Stresses above those listed in “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress only rating and operation
of the device at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the operational sections of this specification is not implied.
NOTE:
1. θJA is measured with the component mounted on an evaluation PC board in free air.
Operating Conditions
Operating Supply Voltage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . +4.5V to +5.5V
M80C86-2 ONLY. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . +4.75V to +5.25V
DC Electrical Specifications
SYMBOL
VCC = 5.0V, ±10%;
VCC = 5.0V, ±10%;
VCC = 5.0V, ±10%;
VCC = 5.0V, ±5%;
PARAMETER
VlH
Logical One
Input Voltage
VIL
Logical Zero Input Voltage
VIHC
CLK Logical One Input Voltage
VILC
CLK Logical Zero Input Voltage
VOH
Output High Voltage
VOL
Output Low Voltage
Operating Temperature Range: C80C86/-2 . . . . . . . . 0oC to +70oC
I80C86/-2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -40oC to +85oC
M80C86/-2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -55oC to +125oC
TA = 0oC to +70oC (C80C86, C80C86-2)
TA = -40oC to +85oC (l80C86, I80C86-2)
TA = -55oC to +125oC (M80C86)
TA = -55oC to +125oC (M80C86-2)
MIN
MAX
2.0
2.2
UNITS
V
V
0.8
VCC -0.8
TEST CONDITION
C80C86, I80C86 (Note 5)
M80C86 (Note 5)
V
V
0.8
3.0
VCC -0.4
V
V
V
lOH = -2.5mA
lOH = -100µA
0.4
V
lOL = +2.5mA
Input Leakage Current
-1.0
1.0
µA
VIN = GND or VCC DIP
Pins 17-19, 21-23, 33
lBHH
Input Current-Bus Hold High
-40
-400
µA
VIN = - 3.0V (Note 1)
lBHL
Input Current-Bus Hold Low
40
400
µA
VIN = - 0.8V (Note 2)
Output Leakage Current
-
-10.0
µA
VOUT = GND (Note 4)
ICCSB
Standby Power Supply Current
-
500
µA
VCC = - 5.5V (Note 3)
ICCOP
Operating Power Supply Current
-
10
mA/MHz
II
IO
Capacitance
SYMBOL
CIN
COUT
CI/O
FREQ = Max, VIN = VCC or GND,
Outputs Open
TA = 25oC
PARAMETER
TYPICAL
UNITS
TEST CONDITIONS
Input Capacitance
25
pF
FREQ = 1MHz. All measurements are referenced to device GND
Output Capacitance
25
pF
FREQ = 1MHz. All measurements are referenced to device GND
I/O Capacitance
25
pF
FREQ = 1MHz. All measurements are referenced to device GND
NOTES:
2. lBHH should be measured after raising VIN to VCC and then lowering to 3.0V on the following pins 2-16, 26-32, 34-39.
3. IBHL should be measured after lowering VIN to GND and then raising to 0.8V on the following pins: 2-16, 34-39.
4. lCCSB tested during clock high time after halt instruction executed. VIN = VCC or GND, VCC = 5.5V, Outputs unloaded.
5. IO should be measured by putting the pin in a high impedance state and then driving VOUT to GND on the following pins: 26-29 and 32.
6. MN/MX is a strap option and should be held to VCC or GND.
3-156
80C86
AC Electrical Specifications
VCC = 5.0V ±10%; TA = 0oC to +70oC (C80C86, C80C86-2)
VCC = 5.0V ±100%; TA = -40oC to +85oC (I80C86, I80C86-2)
VCC = 5.0V ±100%; TA = -55oC to +125oC (M80C86)
VCC = 5.0V ±5%; TA = -55oC to +125oC (M80C86-2)
MINIMUM COMPLEXITY SYSTEM
80C86
SYMBOL
PARAMETER
MIN
80C86-2
MAX
MIN
MAX
UNITS
TEST
CONDITIONS
TIMING REQUIREMENTS
(1)
TCLCL
Cycle Period
200
125
ns
(2)
TCLCH
CLK Low Time
118
68
ns
(3)
TCHCL
CLK High Time
69
44
ns
(4)
TCH1CH2
CLK Rise Time
10
10
ns
From 1.0V to 3.5V
(5)
TCL2C1
CLK FaIl Time
10
10
ns
From 3.5V to 1.0V
(6)
TDVCL
Data In Setup Time
30
20
ns
(7)
TCLDX1
Data In Hold Time
10
10
ns
(8)
TR1VCL
RDY Setup Time into 82C84A
(Notes 7, 8)
35
35
ns
(9)
TCLR1X
RDY Hold Time into 82C84A
(Notes 7, 8)
0
0
ns
(10)
TRYHCH
READY Setup Time into 80C86
118
68
ns
(11)
TCHRYX
READY Hold Time into 80C86
30
20
ns
(12)
TRYLCL
READY Inactive to CLK (Note 9)
-8
-8
ns
(13)
THVCH
HOLD Setup Time
35
20
ns
(14)
TINVCH
lNTR, NMI, TEST Setup Time
(Note 8)
30
15
ns
(15)
TILIH
Input Rise Time (Except CLK)
15
15
ns
From 0.8V to 2.0V
(16)
TIHIL
Input FaIl Time (Except CLK)
15
15
ns
From 2.0V to 0.8V
60
ns
CL = 100pF
ns
CL = 100pF
50
ns
CL = 100pF
50
ns
CL = 100pF
60
ns
CL = 100pF
ns
CL = 100pF
TIMING RESPONSES
(17)
TCLAV
Address Valid Delay
10
110
10
(18)
TCLAX
Address Hold Time
10
(19)
TCLAZ
Address Float Delay
TCLAX
(20)
TCHSZ
Status Float Delay
(21)
TCHSV
Status Active Delay
(22)
TLHLL
ALE Width
(23)
TCLLH
ALE Active Delay
80
50
ns
CL = 100pF
(24)
TCHLL
ALE Inactive Delay
85
55
ns
CL = 100pF
10
80
TCLAX
80
10
110
TCLCH-20
3-157
10
TCLCH-10
80C86
AC Electrical Specifications
VCC = 5.0V ±10%; TA = 0oC to +70oC (C80C86, C80C86-2)
VCC = 5.0V ±100%; TA = -40oC to +85oC (I80C86, I80C86-2)
VCC = 5.0V ±100%; TA = -55oC to +125oC (M80C86)
VCC = 5.0V ±5%; TA = -55oC to +125oC (M80C86-2) (Continued)
MINIMUM COMPLEXITY SYSTEM
80C86
SYMBOL
PARAMETER
MIN
TCHCL-10
80C86-2
MAX
MIN
(25)
TLLAX
Address Hold Time to ALE Inactive
(26)
TCLDV
Data Valid Delay
10
(27)
TCLDX2
Data Hold Time
10
(28)
TWHDX
Data Hold Time After WR
TCLCL-30
(29)
TCVCTV
Control Active Delay 1
10
110
10
(30)
TCHCTV
Control Active Delay 2
10
110
(31)
TCVCTX
Control Inactive Delay
10
110
(32)
TAZRL
Address Float to READ Active
0
(33)
TCLRL
RD Active Delay
10
165
10
(34)
TCLRH
RD Inactive Delay
10
150
10
(35)
TRHAV
RD Inactive to Next Address Active
(36)
TCLHAV
HLDA Valid Delay
(37)
TRLRH
RD Width
2TCLCL-75
(38)
TWLWH
WR Width
(39)
TAVAL
Address Valid to ALE Low
(40)
TOLOH
Output Rise Time
20
(41)
TOHOL
Output Fall Time
20
MAX
TCHCL-10
UNITS
TEST
CONDITIONS
ns
CL = 100pF
ns
CL = 100pF
10
ns
CL = 100pF
TCLCL-30
ns
CL = 100pF
70
ns
CL = 100pF
10
60
ns
CL = 100pF
10
70
ns
CL = 100pF
ns
CL = 100pF
100
ns
CL = 100pF
80
ns
CL = 100pF
ns
CL = 100pF
ns
CL = 100pF
2TCLCL-50
ns
CL = 100pF
2TCLCL-60
2TCLCL-40
ns
CL = 100pF
TCLCH-60
TCLCH-40
ns
CL = 100pF
15
ns
From 0.8V to 2.0V
15
ns
From 2.0V to 0.8V
110
TCLCL-40
160
10
NOTES:
7. Signal at 82C84A shown for reference only.
8. Setup requirement for asynchronous signal only to guarantee recognition at next CLK.
9. Applies only to T2 state (8ns into T3).
3-158
60
0
TCLCL-45
10
10
100
80C86
Waveforms
T1
T2
T3
T4
(5)
TCL2CL1
(1)
TCLCL
TW
TCH1CH2
(4)
CLK (82C84A OUTPUT)
(3)
(2)
TCLCH
TCHCL
(30) TCHCTV
TCHCTV
(30)
M/IO
(17)
TCLAV
(17)
TCLAV
(26) TCLDV
(18) TCLAX
S7-S3
BHE, A19-A16
BHE/S7, A19/S6-A16/S3
TLHLL
(22)
(23) TCLLH
TLLAX
(25)
ALE
(24)
TR1VCL (8)
TCHLL
RDY (82C84A INPUT)
SEE NOTE
VIH
TAVAL
(39)
VIL
TCLR1X (9)
(12)
TRYLCL
(11)
TCHRYX
READY (80C86 INPUT)
(19)
TCLAZ
AD15-AD0
(10)
TRYHCH
(16)
TDVCL
AD15-AD0
DATA IN
(32) TAZRL
(34) TCLRH
(7)
TCLDX1
TRHAV
(35)
RD
(30)
TCHCTV
READ CYCLE
(WR, INTA = VOH)
TRLRH
(37)
TCLRL
(33)
(30)
TCHCTV
DT/R
(29) TCVCTV
TCVCTX
(31)
DEN
FIGURE 7A. BUS TIMING - MINIMUM MODE SYSTEM
NOTE: Signals at 82C84A are shown for reference only. RDY is sampled near the end of T2, T3, TW to determine if TW machine states are
to be inserted.
3-159
80C86
Waveforms
(Continued)
T1
T2
(4)
TCH1CH2
T3
TW
CLK (82C84A OUTPUT)
(26)
TCLDV
TCLAX
(17)
TCLAV
TCVCTV
(27)
TCLDX2
(18)
AD15-AD0
AD15-AD0
WRITE CYCLE
T4
TW
(5)
TCL2CL1
DATA OUT
TWHDX
(29)
(28)
(31) TCVCTX
DEN
(RD, INTA,
DT/R = VOH)
(29) TCVCTV
(38)
TWLWH
WR
TCVCTX
TDVCL
(19)
TCLAZ
(31)
(6)
TCLDX1 (7)
POINTER
AD15-AD0
TCHCTV (30)
TCHCTV
(30)
DT/R
INTA CYCLE
(SEE NOTE)
(RD, WR = VOH
BHE = VOL)
(29) TCVCTV
INTA
(29) TCVCTV
TCVCTX
(31)
DEN
SOFTWARE
HALT DEN, RD,
WR, INTA = VOH
INVALID ADDRESS
AD15-AD0
SOFTWARE HALT
TCLAV
(17)
DT/R = INDETERMINATE
FIGURE 7B. BUS TIMING - MINIMUM MODE SYSTEM
NOTE: Two INTA cycles run back-to-back. The 80C86 local ADDR/DATA bus is floating during both INTA cycles. Control signals are shown
for the second INTA cycle.
3-160
80C86
AC Electrical Specifications
VCC = 5.0V ±10%
VCC = 5.0V ±10%;
VCC = 5.0V ±10%;
VCC = 5.0V ±5%;
TA = 0oC to +70oC (C80C86, C80C86-2)
TA = -40oC to +85oC (I80C86, I80C86-2)
TA = -55oC to +125oC (M80C86)
TA = -55oC to +125oC (M80C86-2)
MAX MODE SYSTEM (USING 82C88 BUS CONTROLLER)
TIMING REQUIREMENTS
SYMBOL
PARAMETER
80C86
MIN
80C86-2
MAX
MIN
MAX
UNITS
TEST CONDITIONS
(1)
TCLCL
CLK Cycle Period
200
125
ns
(2)
TCLCH
CLK Low Time
118
68
ns
(3)
TCHCL
CLK High Time
69
44
ns
(4)
TCH1CH2
CLK Rise Time
10
10
ns
From 1.0V to 3.5V
(5)
TCL2CL1
CLK Fall Time
10
10
ns
From 3.5V to 1.0V
(6)
TDVCL
Data in Setup Time
30
20
ns
(7)
TCLDX1
Data In Hold Time
10
10
ns
(8)
TR1VCL
RDY Setup Time into 82C84A
(Notes 10, 11)
35
35
ns
(9)
TCLR1X
RDY Hold Time into 82C84A
(Notes 10, 11)
0
0
ns
(10)
TRYHCH
READY Setup Time into 80C86
118
68
ns
(11)
TCHRYX
READY Hold Time into 80C86
30
20
ns
(12)
TRYLCL
READY Inactive to CLK (Note 12)
-8
-8
ns
(13)
TlNVCH
Setup Time for Recognition (lNTR,
NMl, TEST) (Note 11)
30
15
ns
(14)
TGVCH
RQ/GT Setup Time
30
15
ns
(15)
TCHGX
RQ Hold Time into 80C86 (Note 13)
40
(16)
TILlH
Input Rise Time (Except CLK)
(17)
TIHIL
Input Fall Time (Except CLK)
TCHCL+
10
30
TCHCL+
10
ns
15
15
ns
From 0.8V to 2.0V
15
15
ns
From 2.0V to 0.8V
TIMING RESPONSES
(18)
TCLML
Command Active Delay (Note 10)
5
35
5
35
ns
CL = 100pF for All
80C86 Outputs (In
Addition to 80C86
Self Load)
(19)
TCLMH
Command Inactive (Note 10)
5
35
5
35
ns
CL = 100pF for All
80C86 Outputs (In
Addition to 80C86
Self Load)
(20)
TRYHSH
65
ns
CL = 100pF for All
80C86 Outputs (In
Addition to 80C86
Self Load)
(21)
TCHSV
Status Active Delay
10
110
10
60
ns
CL = 100pF for All
80C86 Outputs (In
Addition to 80C86
Self Load)
(22)
TCLSH
Status Inactive Delay (Note 14)
10
130
10
70
ns
CL = 100pF for All
80C86 Outputs (In
Addition to 80C86
Self Load)
READY Active to Status Passive
(Notes 12, 14)
110
3-161
80C86
AC Electrical Specifications
VCC = 5.0V ±10%
VCC = 5.0V ±10%;
VCC = 5.0V ±10%;
VCC = 5.0V ±5%;
TA = 0oC to +70oC (C80C86, C80C86-2)
TA = -40oC to +85oC (I80C86, I80C86-2)
TA = -55oC to +125oC (M80C86)
TA = -55oC to +125oC (M80C86-2) (Continued)
MAX MODE SYSTEM (USING 82C88 BUS CONTROLLER)
TIMING REQUIREMENTS
SYMBOL
PARAMETER
80C86
80C86-2
MIN
MAX
MIN
MAX
UNITS
TEST CONDITIONS
110
10
60
ns
CL = 100pF for All
80C86 Outputs (In
Addition to 80C86
Self Load)
ns
CL = 100pF for All
80C86 Outputs (In
Addition to 80C86
Self Load)
50
ns
CL = 100pF for All
80C86 Outputs (In
Addition to 80C86
Self Load)
(23)
TCLAV
Address Valid Delay
10
(24)
TCLAX
Address Hold Time
10
(25)
TCLAZ
Address Float Delay
TCLAX
(26)
TCHSZ
Status Float Delay
80
50
ns
CL = 100pF for All
80C86 Outputs (In
Addition to 80C86
Self Load)
(27)
TSVLH
Status Valid to ALE High (Note 10)
20
20
ns
CL = 100pF for All
80C86 Outputs (In
Addition to 80C86
Self Load)
(28)
TSVMCH
Status Valid to MCE High (Note 10)
30
30
ns
CL = 100pF for All
80C86 Outputs (In
Addition to 80C86
Self Load)
(29)
TCLLH
CLK low to ALE Valid (Note 10)
20
20
ns
CL = 100pF for All
80C86 Outputs (In
Addition to 80C86
Self Load)
(30)
TCLMCH
CLK low to MCE High (Note 10)
25
25
ns
CL = 100pF for All
80C86 Outputs (In
Addition to 80C86
Self Load)
(31)
TCHLL
ALE Inactive Delay (Note 10)
18
ns
CL = 100pF for All
80C86 Outputs (In
Addition to 80C86
Self Load)
(32)
TCLMCL
MCE Inactive Delay (Note 10)
15
ns
CL = 100pF for All
80C86 Outputs (In
Addition to 80C86
Self Load)
(33)
TCLDV
Data Valid Delay
10
60
ns
CL = 100pF for All
80C86 Outputs (In
Addition to 80C86
Self Load)
(34)
TCLDX2
Data Hold Time
10
ns
CL = 100pF for All
80C86 Outputs (In
Addition to 80C86
Self Load)
4
10
80
18
TCLAX
4
15
3-162
110
10
10
80C86
AC Electrical Specifications
VCC = 5.0V ±10%
VCC = 5.0V ±10%;
VCC = 5.0V ±10%;
VCC = 5.0V ±5%;
TA = 0oC to +70oC (C80C86, C80C86-2)
TA = -40oC to +85oC (I80C86, I80C86-2)
TA = -55oC to +125oC (M80C86)
TA = -55oC to +125oC (M80C86-2) (Continued)
MAX MODE SYSTEM (USING 82C88 BUS CONTROLLER)
TIMING REQUIREMENTS
SYMBOL
PARAMETER
80C86
80C86-2
MIN
MAX
MIN
MAX
UNITS
TEST CONDITIONS
(35)
TCVNV
Control Active Delay (Note 10)
5
45
5
45
ns
CL = 100pF for All
80C86 Outputs (In
Addition to 80C86
Self Load)
(36)
TCVNX
Control Inactive Delay (Note 10)
10
45
10
45
ns
CL = 100pF
(37)
TAZRL
Address Float to Read Active
0
ns
CL = 100pF
(38)
TCLRL
RD Active Delay
10
165
10
100
ns
CL = 100pF
(39)
TCLRH
RD Inactive Delay
10
150
10
80
ns
CL = 100pF
(40)
TRHAV
RD Inactive to Next Address Active
ns
CL = 100pF
(41)
TCHDTL
Direction Control Active Delay
(Note 10)
50
50
ns
CL = 100pF
(42)
TCHDTH
Direction Control Inactive Delay
(Note 10)
30
30
ns
CL = 100pF
(43)
TCLGL
GT Active Delay
10
85
0
50
ns
CL = 100pF
(44)
TCLGH
GT Inactive Delay
10
85
0
50
ns
CL = 100pF
(45)
TRLRH
RD Width
ns
CL = 100pF
(46)
TOLOH
Output Rise Time
20
15
ns
From 0.8V to 2.0V
(47)
TOHOL
Output Fall Time
20
15
ns
From 2.0V to 0.8V
0
TCLCL
-45
TCLCL
-40
2TCLC
L -75
2TCLC
L -50
NOTES:
10. Signal at 82C84A or 82C88 shown for reference only.
11. Setup requirement for asynchronous signal only to guarantee recognition at next CLK.
12. Applies only to T2 state (8ns into T3).
13. The 80C86 actively pulls the RQ/GT pin to a logic one on the following clock low time.
14. Status lines return to their inactive (logic one) state after CLK goes low and READY goes high.
3-163
80C86
Waveforms
T1
T2
(4)
TCH1CH2
(1)
TCLCL
T3
T4
(5)
TCL2CL1
TW
CLK
(23)
TCLAV
TCLCH
(2)
TCHCL (3)
QS0, QS1
TCLSH
(21) TCHSV
S2, S1, S0 (EXCEPT HALT)
(33)
(SEE NOTE 17)
TCLDV
TCLAX
(23) TCLAV
TCLAV
(24)
BHE, A19-A16
BHE/S7, A19/S6-A16/S3
TSVLH
(27)
ALE (82C88 OUTPUT)
(22)
(23)
S7-S3
TCHLL (31)
TCLLH
(29)
NOTE
TR1VCL
(8)
RDY (82C84 INPUT)
TCLR1X
(9)
(12) TRYLCL
(11)
READY 80C86 INPUT)
(24)
TCLAX
TRYHSH
(20)
TCHRYX
(10)
TRYHCH
READ CYCLE
TCLAV
(25)
TCLAZ
(23)
(6)
TDVCL
AD15-AD0
AD15-AD0
(37) TAZRL
(7)
TCLDX1
DATA IN
(39) TCLRH
TRHAV
RD
(42)
TCHDTH
(41) TCHDTL
TCLRL
(38)
DT/R
TCLML
82C88
OUTPUTS
SEE NOTES
15, 16
(18)
(40)
TRLRH
(45)
TCLMH
(19)
TCVNX
(36)
MRDC OR IORC
(35) TCVNV
DEN
FIGURE 8A. BUS TIMING - MAXIMUM MODE (USING 82C88)
NOTES:
15. Signals at 82C84A or 82C88 are shown for reference only. RDY is sampled near the end of T2, T3, TW to determine if TW machine states
are to be inserted.
16. The issuance of the 82C88 command and control signals (MRDC, MWTC, AMWC, IORC, IOWC, AIOWC, INTA, and DEN) lags the active
high 82C88 CEN.
17. Status inactive in state just prior to T4.
3-164
80C86
Waveforms
(Continued)
T1
T2
T3
T4
TW
CLK
TCHSV (21)
(SEE NOTE 20))
S2, S1, S0 (EXCEPT HALT)
WRITE CYCLE
(23)
TCLAV
(33)
(24)
TCLDV
TCLAX
TCLSH
(22)
AD15-AD0
TCLDX2
DATA
TCVNX (36)
TCVNV
(35)
DEN
82C88
OUTPUTS
SEE NOTES
18, 19
(34)
TCLMH
(19)
(18) TCLML
AMWC OR AIOWC
TCLMH (19)
(18)TCLML
MWTC OR IOWC
INTA CYCLE
AD15-AD0
(SEE NOTES 21, 22)
RESERVED FOR
CASCADE ADDR
(25) TCLAZ
(6)
AD15-AD0
TDVCL
TCLDX1 (7)
POINTER
(32)
TCLMCL
(28) TSVMCH
(41)
TCHDTL
MCE/PDEN
(30) TCLMCH
DT/R
82C88 OUTPUTS
SEE NOTES 18, 19
(42)
TCHDTH
(18) TCLML
INTA
TCVNV
(35)
(19) TCLMH
DEN
SOFTWARE
HALT - RD, MRDC, IORC, MWTC, AMWC, IOWC, AIOWC, INTA, S0, S1 = VOH
TCVNX
(36)
INVALID ADDRESS
AD15-AD0
TCLAV
(23)
S2
TCHSV
(21)
TCLSH
(22)
FIGURE 8B. BUS TIMING - MAXIMUM MODE (USING 82C88)
NOTES:
18. Signals at 82C84A or 82C86 are shown for reference only.
19. The issuance of the 82C88 command and control signals (MRDC, MWTC, AMWC, IORC, IOWC, AIOWC, INTA and DEN) lags the active
high 82C88 CEN.
20. Status inactive in state just prior to T4.
21. Cascade address is valid between first and second INTA cycles.
22. Two INTA cycles run back-to-back. The 80C86 local ADDR/DATA bus is floating during both INTA cycles. Control for pointer address is
shown for second INTA cycle.
3-165
80C86
Waveforms
(Continued)
>0-CLK
ANY
CLK
CYCLE
CYCLES
CLK
TCLGH
(44)
TGVCH (14)
(1)
TCLCL
TCHGX (15)
RQ/GT
TCLGH (44)
PULSE 2
80C86 GT
PULSE 1
COPROCESSOR
RQ
PREVIOUS GRANT
AD15-AD0
TCLGL
(43)
PULSE 3
COPROCESSOR
RELEASE
TCLAZ (25)
80C86
COPROCESSOR
TCHSV (21)
(SEE NOTE)
TCHSZ (26)
RD, LOCK
BHE/S7, A19/S0-A16/S3
S2, S1, S0
NOTE: The coprocessor may not drive the busses outside the region shown without risking contention.
FIGURE 9. REQUEST/GRANT SEQUENCE TIMING (MAXIMUM MODE ONLY)
≥ 1CLK
CYCLE
1 OR 2
CYCLES
CLK
THVCH (13)
THVCH (13)
HOLD
TCLHAV (36)
TCLHAV (36)
HLDA
TCLAZ (19)
AD15-AD0
80C86
80C86
COPROCESSOR
TCHSV (21)
TCHSZ (20)
BHE/S7, A19/S6-A16/S3
RD, WR, M/IO, DT/R, DEN
FIGURE 10. HOLD/HOLD ACKNOWLEDGE TIMING (MINIMUM MODE ONLY)
CLK
ANY CLK CYCLE
CLK
(13)
TINVCH (SEE NOTE)
NMI
INTR
ANY CLK CYCLE
TCLAV
(23)
TCLAV
(23)
SIGNAL
LOCK
TEST
NOTE: Setup requirements for asynchronous signals only to guarantee recognition at next CLK.
FIGURE 11. ASYNCHRONOUS SIGNAL RECOGNITION
FIGURE 12. BUS LOCK SIGNAL TIMING (MAXIMUM MODE
ONLY)
3-166
80C86
Waveforms
(Continued)
≥ 50µs
VCC
CLK
(7) TCLDX1
(6) TDVCL
RESET
≥ 4 CLK CYCLES
FIGURE 13. RESET TIMING
AC Test Circuit
OUTPUT FROM
DEVICE UNDER TEST
TEST POINT
CL (SEE NOTE)
NOTE: Includes stay and jig capacitance.
AC Testing Input, Output Waveform
INPUT
VIH + 20% VIH
OUTPUT
1.5V
1.5V
VOH
VOL
VIL - 50% VIL
NOTE: AC Testing: All input signals (other than CLK) must switch between VILMAX -50% VIL and VIHMIN +20% VIH. CLK must switch between
0.4V and VCC.-0.4 Input rise and fall times are driven at 1ns/V.
3-167
80C86
Burn-In Circuits
MD80C86 CERDIP
C
GND
1 GND
GND
RIO
VCC 40
RIO
2 AD14
AD15 39
3 AD13
AD16 38
4 AD12
AD17 37
5 AD11
AD18 36
6 AD10
AD19 35
7 AD9
BHE 34
8 AD8
MX 33
9 AD7
RD 32
10 AD6
RQ0 31
11 AD5
RQ1 30
12 AD4
LOCK 29
OPEN
13 AD3
S2 28
OPEN
14 AD2
S1 27
OPEN
15 AD1
S0 26
RO
OPEN
16 AD0
QS0 25
RO
GND
17 NMI
QS2 24
GND
18 INTR
TEST 23
19 CLK
READY 22
RI
20 GND
RESET 21
RI
GND
VCL
GND
GND
VCL
GND
GND
GND
VCL
VCL
VCL
F0
GND
RIO
RIO
RIO
RIO
RIO
RIO
RIO
RIO
RIO
RIO
RC
NOTES:
COMPONENTS:
VCC = 5.5V ±0.5V, GND = 0V.
Input voltage limits (except clock):
VIL (maximum) = 0.4V
VIH (minimum) = 2.6V, VIH (clock) = (VCC -0.4V) minimum.
VCC/2 is external supply set to 2.7V ±10%.
VCL is generated on program card (VCC - 0.65V).
Pins 13 - 16 input sequenced instructions from internal hold devices.
F0 = 100kHz ±10%.
Node A = a 40µs pulse every 2.56ms.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
3-168
RO
RO
RO
RO
RO
VCC
VCL
VCC/2
VCC/2
VCC/2
VCC/2
VCC/2
GND
RO
RI
RO
RO
RO
RO
RO
VCC/2
VCL
VCL
VCC/2
VCC/2
VCC/2
VCC/2
VCC/2
VCC/2
GND
VCL
NODE A
FROM
PROGRAM
CARD
RI = 10kΩ ±5%, 1/4W
RO = 1.2kΩ ±5%, 1/4W
RIO = 2.7kΩ ±5%, 1/4W
RC = 1kΩ ± 5%, 1/4W
C = 0.01µF (Minimum)
80C86
Burn-In Circuits
(Continued)
MR80C86 CLCC
VCC
VCL
RIO
RIO
RIO
RIO
RIO
RIO
RIO
6
5
4
3
RO
RO
RO
RIO
RIO
RIO
RIO
RIO
C
1 44 43 42 41 40
2
7
39
8
38
9
37
10
36
11
35
12
34
13
33
14
32
15
31
16
30
17
29
RO
RO
RO
RI
RI
RO
RO
RO
RO
RO
RO
RI
RI
RC
18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28
VCC/2
GND
F0
A (FROM PROGRAM CARD)
NOTES:
COMPONENTS:
VCC = 5.5V ±0.5V, GND = 0V.
Input voltage limits (except clock):
VIL (maximum) = 0.4V
VIH (minimum) = 2.6V, VIH (clock) = (VCC -0.4V) minimum.
VCC/2 is external supply set to 2.7V ±10%.
VCL is generated on program card (VCC - 0.65V).
Pins 13 - 16 input sequenced instructions from internal hold devices.
F0 = 100kHz ±10%.
Node A = a 40µs pulse every 2.56ms.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
3-169
RI = 10kΩ ±5%, 1/4W
RO = 1.2kΩ ±5%, 1/4W
RIO = 2.7kΩ ±5%, 1/4W
RC = 1kΩ ± 5%, 1/4W
C = 0.01µF (Minimum)
80C86
Metallization Topology
DIE DIMENSIONS:
249.2 x 290.9 x 19
GLASSIVATION:
Type: Nitrox
Thickness: 10kÅ ±2kÅ
METALLIZATION:
Type: Silicon - Aluminum
Thickness: 11kÅ ±2kÅ
WORST CASE CURRENT DENSITY:
1.5 x 105 A/cm2
Metallization Mask Layout
80C86
AD11
AD12
AD13 AD14 GND
VCC
AD15 A16/S3 A17/S4 A18/S5
A19/S6
AD10
AD9
BHE/S7
MN/MX
AD8
AD7
RD
AD6
RQ/GT0
AD5
RQ/GT1
AD4
AD3
LOCK
S2
AD2
AD1
S1
AD0
S0
NMI
INTR CLK
GND
RESET READY TEST QS1 QS0
3-170
80C86
Instruction Set Summary
INSTRUCTION CODE
MNEMONIC AND DESCRIPTION
76543210
76543210
76543210
76543210
Register/Memory to/from Register
100010dw
mod reg r/m
Immediate to Register/Memory
1100011w
mod 0 0 0 r/m
data
data if w 1
DATA TRANSFER
MOV = MOVE:
Immediate to Register
1 0 1 1 w reg
data
data if w 1
Memory to Accumulator
1010000w
addr-low
addr-high
Accumulator to Memory
1010001w
addr-low
addr-high
Register/Memory to Segment Register ††
10001110
mod 0 reg r/m
Segment Register to Register/Memory
10001100
mod 0 reg r/m
11111111
mod 1 1 0 r/m
PUSH = Push:
Register/Memory
Register
Segment Register
0 1 0 1 0 reg
0 0 0 reg 1 1 0
POP = Pop:
Register/Memory
Register
Segment Register
10001111
mod 0 0 0 r/m
0 1 0 1 1 reg
0 0 0 reg 1 1 1
XCHG = Exchange:
Register/Memory with Register
Register with Accumulator
1000011w
mod reg r/m
1 0 0 1 0 reg
IN = Input from:
Fixed Port
1110010w
Variable Port
1110110w
port
OUT = Output to:
Fixed Port
1110011w
Variable Port
1110111w
port
XLAT = Translate Byte to AL
11010111
LEA = Load EA to Register2
10001101
mod reg r/m
LDS = Load Pointer to DS
11000101
mod reg r/m
LES = Load Pointer to ES
11000100
mod reg r/m
LAHF = Load AH with Flags
10011111
SAHF = Store AH into Flags
10011110
PUSHF = Push Flags
10011100
POPF = Pop Flags
10011101
ARITHMETIC
ADD = Add:
Register/Memory with Register to Either
000000dw
mod reg r/m
Immediate to Register/Memory
100000sw
mod 0 0 0 r/m
data
Immediate to Accumulator
0000010w
data
data if w = 1
000100dw
mod reg r/m
ADC = Add with Carry:
Register/Memory with Register to Either
3-171
data if s:w = 01
80C86
Instruction Set Summary
(Continued)
INSTRUCTION CODE
MNEMONIC AND DESCRIPTION
76543210
76543210
76543210
76543210
Immediate to Register/Memory
100000sw
mod 0 1 0 r/m
data
data if s:w = 01
Immediate to Accumulator
0001010w
data
data if w = 1
1111111w
mod 0 0 0 r/m
INC = Increment:
Register/Memory
Register
0 1 0 0 0 reg
AAA = ASCll Adjust for Add
00110111
DAA = Decimal Adjust for Add
00100111
SUB = Subtract:
Register/Memory and Register to Either
001010dw
mod reg r/m
Immediate from Register/Memory
100000sw
mod 1 0 1 r/m
data
Immediate from Accumulator
0010110w
data
data if w = 1
Register/Memory and Register to Either
000110dw
mod reg r/m
Immediate from Register/Memory
100000sw
mod 0 1 1 r/m
data
Immediate from Accumulator
0001110w
data
data if w = 1
1111111w
mod 0 0 1 r/m
data if s:w = 01
SBB = Subtract with Borrow
data if s:w = 01
DEC = Decrement:
Register/Memory
Register
NEG = Change Sign
0 1 0 0 1 reg
1111011w
mod 0 1 1 r/m
Register/Memory and Register
001110dw
mod reg r/m
Immediate with Register/Memory
100000sw
mod 1 1 1 r/m
data
Immediate with Accumulator
0011110w
data
data if w = 1
AAS = ASCll Adjust for Subtract
00111111
DAS = Decimal Adjust for Subtract
00101111
MUL = Multiply (Unsigned)
1111011w
mod 1 0 0 r/m
IMUL = Integer Multiply (Signed)
1111011w
mod 1 0 1 r/m
AAM = ASCll Adjust for Multiply
11010100
00001010
DlV = Divide (Unsigned)
1111011w
mod 1 1 0 r/m
IDlV = Integer Divide (Signed)
1111011w
mod 1 1 1 r/m
AAD = ASClI Adjust for Divide
11010101
00001010
CBW = Convert Byte to Word
10011000
CWD = Convert Word to Double Word
10011001
CMP = Compare:
LOGIC
NOT = Invert
1111011w
mod 0 1 0 r/m
SHL/SAL = Shift Logical/Arithmetic Left
110100vw
mod 1 0 0 r/m
SHR = Shift Logical Right
110100vw
mod 1 0 1 r/m
SAR = Shift Arithmetic Right
110100vw
mod 1 1 1 r/m
ROL = Rotate Left
110100vw
mod 0 0 0 r/m
ROR = Rotate Right
110100vw
mod 0 0 1 r/m
RCL = Rotate Through Carry Flag Left
110100vw
mod 0 1 0 r/m
3-172
data if s:w = 01
80C86
Instruction Set Summary
(Continued)
INSTRUCTION CODE
MNEMONIC AND DESCRIPTION
76543210
76543210
110100vw
mod 0 1 1 r/m
Reg./Memory and Register to Either
0010000dw
mod reg r/m
Immediate to Register/Memory
1000000w
Immediate to Accumulator
0010010w
Register/Memory and Register
1000010w
mod reg r/m
Immediate Data and Register/Memory
1111011w
mod 0 0 0 r/m
data
Immediate Data and Accumulator
1010100w
data
data if w = 1
Register/Memory and Register to Either
000010dw
mod reg r/m
Immediate to Register/Memory
1000000w
mod 1 0 1 r/m
data
Immediate to Accumulator
0000110w
data
data if w = 1
Register/Memory and Register to Either
001100dw
mod reg r/m
Immediate to Register/Memory
1000000w
mod 1 1 0 r/m
data
Immediate to Accumulator
0011010w
data
data if w = 1
disp-high
RCR = Rotate Through Carry Right
76543210
76543210
mod 1 0 0 r/m
data
data if w = 1
data
data if w = 1
AND = And:
TEST = And Function to Flags, No Result:
data if w = 1
OR = Or:
data if w = 1
XOR = Exclusive or:
STRING MANIPULATION
REP = Repeat
1111001z
MOVS = Move Byte/Word
1010010w
CMPS = Compare Byte/Word
1010011w
SCAS = Scan Byte/Word
1010111w
LODS = Load Byte/Word to AL/AX
1010110w
STOS = Stor Byte/Word from AL/A
1010101w
CONTROL TRANSFER
CALL = Call:
Direct Within Segment
11101000
disp-low
Indirect Within Segment
11111111
mod 0 1 0 r/m
Direct Intersegment
10011010
offset-low
offset-high
seg-low
seg-high
Indirect Intersegment
11111111
mod 0 1 1 r/m
Direct Within Segment
11101001
disp-low
Direct Within Segment-Short
11101011
disp
Indirect Within Segment
11111111
mod 1 0 0 r/m
Direct Intersegment
11101010
offset-low
offset-high
seg-low
seg-high
JMP = Unconditional Jump:
Indirect Intersegment
11111111
disp-high
mod 1 0 1 r/m
RET = Return from CALL:
Within Segment
11000011
Within Seg Adding lmmed to SP
11000010
3-173
data-low
data-high
data if w = 1
80C86
Instruction Set Summary
(Continued)
INSTRUCTION CODE
MNEMONIC AND DESCRIPTION
76543210
76543210
76543210
11001010
data-low
data-high
JE/JZ = Jump on Equal/Zero
01110100
disp
JL/JNGE = Jump on Less/Not Greater or Equal
01111100
disp
JLE/JNG = Jump on Less or Equal/ Not Greater
01111110
disp
JB/JNAE = Jump on Below/Not Above or Equal
01110010
disp
JBE/JNA = Jump on Below or Equal/Not Above
01110110
disp
Intersegment
11001011
Intersegment Adding Immediate to SP
JP/JPE = Jump on Parity/Parity Even
01111010
disp
JO = Jump on Overflow
01110000
disp
JS = Jump on Sign
01111000
disp
JNE/JNZ = Jump on Not Equal/Not Zero
01110101
disp
JNL/JGE = Jump on Not Less/Greater or Equal
01111101
disp
JNLE/JG = Jump on Not Less or Equal/Greater
01111111
disp
JNB/JAE = Jump on Not Below/Above or Equal
01110011
disp
JNBE/JA = Jump on Not Below or Equal/Above
01110111
disp
JNP/JPO = Jump on Not Par/Par Odd
01111011
disp
JNO = Jump on Not Overflow
01110001
disp
JNS = Jump on Not Sign
01111001
disp
LOOP = Loop CX Times
11100010
disp
LOOPZ/LOOPE = Loop While Zero/Equal
11100001
disp
LOOPNZ/LOOPNE = Loop While Not Zero/Equal
11100000
disp
JCXZ = Jump on CX Zero
11100011
disp
Type Specified
11001101
type
Type 3
11001100
INTO = Interrupt on Overflow
11001110
IRET = Interrupt Return
11001111
INT = Interrupt
PROCESSOR CONTROL
CLC = Clear Carry
11111000
CMC = Complement Carry
11110101
STC = Set Carry
11111001
CLD = Clear Direction
11111100
STD = Set Direction
11111101
CLl = Clear Interrupt
11111010
ST = Set Interrupt
11111011
HLT = Halt
11110100
WAIT = Wait
10011011
ESC = Escape (to External Device)
11011xxx
LOCK = Bus Lock Prefix
11110000
3-174
mod x x x r/m
76543210
80C86
Instruction Set Summary
(Continued)
INSTRUCTION CODE
MNEMONIC AND DESCRIPTION
76543210
NOTES:
AL = 8-bit accumulator
AX = 16-bit accumulator
CX = Count register
DS= Data segment
ES = Extra segment
Above/below refers to unsigned value.
Greater = more positive;
Less = less positive (more negative) signed values
if d = 1 then “to” reg; if d = 0 then “from” reg
if w = 1 then word instruction; if w = 0 then byte
instruction
if mod = 11 then r/m is treated as a REG field
if mod = 00 then DISP = O†, disp-low and disp-high
are absent
if mod = 01 then DISP = disp-low sign-extended
16-bits, disp-high is absent
if mod = 10 then DISP = disp-high:disp-low
if r/m = 000 then EA = (BX) + (SI) + DISP
if r/m = 001 then EA = (BX) + (DI) + DISP
if r/m = 010 then EA = (BP) + (SI) + DISP
if r/m = 011 then EA = (BP) + (DI) + DISP
if r/m = 100 then EA = (SI) + DISP
if r/m = 101 then EA = (DI) + DISP
if r/m = 110 then EA = (BP) + DISP †
if r/m = 111 then EA = (BX) + DISP
DISP follows 2nd byte of instruction (before data
if required)
† except if mod = 00 and r/m = 110 then
EA = disp-high: disp-low.
†† MOV CS, REG/MEMORY not allowed.
76543210
76543210
76543210
if s:w = 01 then 16-bits of immediate data form the operand.
if s:w. = 11 then an immediate data byte is sign extended
to form the 16-bit operand.
if v = 0 then “count” = 1; if v = 1 then “count” in (CL)
x = don't care
z is used for string primitives for comparison with ZF FLAG.
SEGMENT OVERRIDE PREFIX
001 reg 11 0
REG is assigned according to the following table:
16-BIT (w = 1)
8-BIT (w = 0)
SEGMENT
000 AX
000 AL
00 ES
001 CX
001 CL
01 CS
010 DX
010 DL
10 SS
011 BX
011 BL
11 DS
100 SP
100 AH
00 ES
101 BP
101 CH
00 ES
110 SI
110 DH
00 ES
111 DI
111 BH
00 ES
Instructions which reference the flag register file as a 16-bit
object use the symbol FLAGS to represent the file:
FLAGS =
X:X:X:X:(OF):(DF):(IF):(TF):(SF):(ZF):X:(AF):X:(PF):X:(CF)
Mnemonics  Intel, 1978
3-175