Design Example Report Title 4.5W (6Wpk) Multiple Output DVB-T Power Supply using TNY264P Input: 195 – 265 VAC Output: 2.5V/0.55A (0.7A pk), 3.3V/0.3A Specification (0.4A pk), 12V/100mA(0.15 A pk), 33V/1.5mA (2mA pk) Application DVB–T Set Top Box Author Power Integrations Applications Department Document Number DER-46 Date April 20, 2005 Revision 1.0 Summary and Features This document is a prototype engineering report describing a 6 W multiple output power supply utilizing a TNY264P for a DVB-T Set-Top supply. • • • • Low cost / component count No Y-cap / no X-cap / no common-mode choke Low EMI even with output grounded Good output cross-regulation with no post-regulators The products and applications illustrated herein (including circuits external to the products and transformer construction) may be covered by one or more U.S. and foreign patents or potentially by pending U.S. and foreign patent applications assigned to Power Integrations. A complete list of Power Integrations’ patents may be found at www.powerint.com. Power Integrations 5245 Hellyer Avenue, San Jose, CA 95138 USA. Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com DER-46 6 W peak, Multiple output PSU for DVB-T April 20, 2005 Table Of Contents 1 2 3 4 Introduction ................................................................................................................ 3 Power Supply Specification........................................................................................ 4 Schematic .................................................................................................................. 5 Circuit Description...................................................................................................... 6 4.1 TinySwitch Primary ............................................................................................. 6 4.2 Output Rectification ............................................................................................ 6 4.3 Output Feedback and control.............................................................................. 6 5 PCB Layout................................................................................................................ 7 6 Bill Of Materials.......................................................................................................... 8 7 Transformer Specification .......................................................................................... 9 7.1 Electrical Diagram............................................................................................... 9 7.2 Electrical Specifications ...................................................................................... 9 7.3 Materials ........................................................................................................... 10 7.4 Transformer Build Diagram............................................................................... 10 7.5 Winding Instructions.......................................................................................... 11 8 Transformer Spreadsheet ........................................................................................ 12 9 Performance Data.................................................................................................... 13 9.1 Efficiency .......................................................................................................... 13 9.2 Worst Case Cross Regulation........................................................................... 14 10 Thermal Performance........................................................................................... 15 11 Waveforms ........................................................................................................... 15 11.1 Drain Voltage and Current, Normal Operation .................................................. 15 11.2 Output Ripple Measurements ........................................................................... 16 11.2.1 Ripple Measurement Technique................................................................ 16 11.2.2 Measurement Results................................................................................ 17 11.3 Transient Response: 3.3V – 50% - 100% Load Step........................................ 19 12 Conducted EMI..................................................................................................... 20 13 Revision History ................................................................................................... 21 Important Note: Although this board is designed to satisfy safety isolation requirements, the engineering prototype has not been agency approved. Therefore, all testing should be performed using an isolation transformer to provide the AC input to the prototype board. Design Reports contain a power supply design specification, schematic, bill of materials, and transformer documentation. Performance data and typical operation characteristics are included. Typically only a single prototype has been built. Page 2 of 22 Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com DER-46 6 W peak, Multiple output PSU for DVB-T April 20, 2005 1 Introduction This document is a prototype engineering report describing a 6 W multiple output power supply utilizing a TNY264P for a DVB-T Set-Top supply. This design is low cost and meets EMI with no common-mode choke, no X-cap, and no Y-cap. Cross-regulation is tight even though it has multiple outputs with no post-regulators. The DBV-T Set-Top has several advantages using Power Integrations’ TinySwitch-II – TNY264P. • • • No external AC/DC Adapter No internal DC/DC post converter No common mode Ferrite Core on the DC cord This document contains the power supply specification, schematic, bill of materials, transformer documentation, printed circuit layout, and performance data. Page 3 of 22 Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com DER-46 6 W peak, Multiple output PSU for DVB-T April 20, 2005 2 Power Supply Specification Description Input Voltage Frequency Output Output Voltage 1 Output Ripple Voltage 1 Output Current 1 Output Voltage 2 Output Ripple Voltage 2 Output Current 2 Output Voltage 3 Output Ripple Voltage 3 Output Current 3 Output Voltage 4 Output Ripple Voltage 4 Output Current 4 Output Voltage 5 Output Ripple Voltage 5 Output Current 5 Total Output Power Continuous Output Power Peak Output Power Efficiency Symbol Min Typ Max Units Comment VIN fLINE 195 47 265 64 VAC Hz 2 Wire – no P.E. 50/60 VOUT1 VRIPPLE1 IOUT1 VOUT2 VRIPPLE2 IOUT2 VOUT3 VRIPPLE3 IOUT3 VOUT4 VRIPPLE4 IOUT4 VOUT5 VRIPPLE5 IOUT5 2.35 2.5 3.15 0.55 3.3 4.75 0.30 5 11.5 0.10 12 30 0.13 33 2.65 50 0.7 3.45 50 0.40 5.25 50 0.15 12.5 80 0.15 33 400 2.0 V mV A V mV A V mV A V mV A V mV mA 6 W W % 1.5 POUT POUT_PEAK η 4.5 62 20 MHz Bandwidth = 20 MHz Bandwidth 20 MHz Bandwidth 20 MHz Bandwidth 20 MHz Bandwidth Measured at full load, 25 oC Environmental Conducted EMI Ambient Temperature Page 4 of 22 Meets CISPR22B / EN55022B TAMB 0 40 o C Free convection, sea level Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com DER-46 6 W peak, Multiple output PSU for DVB-T April 20, 2005 3 Schematic Figure 1 – Schematic Page 5 of 22 Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com DER-46 6 W peak, Multiple output PSU for DVB-T April 20, 2005 4 Circuit Description The schematic in Figure 1 shows an off-line flyback converter using the TNY264P. The circuit is designed to operate from 195 VAC to 265 VAC input and provides isolated multiple outputs (i.e. 2.5V; 3.3V; 5V; 12V; 33V). 4.1 TinySwitch Primary AC input power is rectified by a full bridge, consisting of D1 through D4. The rectified DC is then filtered by the bulk storage capacitors C1 and C4. Inductors L1, L2, C1 and C4 form a pi (π) filter, which attenuates conducted differential-mode EMI noise. The rectified DC rail is applied to one end of the transformer primary, the other end being connected to the drain pin of the integrated MOSFET of U1. To keep the peak DRAIN voltage acceptably below the BVDSS (700V) of U1, diode D5, C2, R1, and R7 form a primary clamp. This network clamps the voltage spike seen on the DRAIN due to primary and secondary reflected leakage inductance. Capacitor C21 is the decoupling cap for the TOPSwitch. R19, R20, R21 and R22 enables the under voltage (UV) line sensing that inhibits U1 to start switching below 70VAC during start-up. 4.2 Output Rectification The secondary of T1 has four windings AC stacked together. Each rectified and filtered to provide 3.3V, 5V, 12V and 33V DC outputs. While the 2.5V output was derived from 3.3V through a voltage dropping diode D12. A zener (D9) - resistor (R3) pre load was employed to clamp the 33V from going over voltage only when it is lightly loaded while the rest of the outputs are heavily loaded. 4.3 Output Feedback and control The main feedback loop is closed on 3.3V output. DC feedback to the output voltage regulator error amplifier (U4) comes from a divider network R9 and R11. The center point is tied to the reference input of U4. Capacitor C24 and resistor R8 roll off the high frequency gain of U4 while R12 sets the overall gain. Page 6 of 22 Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com DER-46 6 W peak, Multiple output PSU for DVB-T April 20, 2005 5 PCB Layout Figure 2 – Printed Circuit Layout Note: The assembled unit has some component locations not fitted. Page 7 of 22 Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com DER-46 6 W peak, Multiple output PSU for DVB-T April 20, 2005 6 Bill Of Materials Item Quantity Reference Part ______________________________________________ 1 2 2 3 4 1 1 2 5 6 7 1 1 3 8 2 9 10 11 1 1 4 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 32 3 33 34 35 36 37 1 1 1 1 1 C1 C4 C2 C11 C19 C12 C15 C16 C17 C18 C22 C21 C24 C23 C25 D2 D3 D4 D1 D5 D7 D8 D9 D10 D11 D12 F1 L1 L2 L3 L4 R1 R3 R7 R8 R9 R10 R11 R12 R13 R14 R19 R20 R22 R21 T1 U1 U2 U4 4.7uF/400V_Electrolytic capacitor 4.7uF/400V_Electrolytic capacitor 0.01uF 1KV_Ceramic capacitor 180uF/16V_LOW ESR electrolytic capacitor 220uF/10V_LOW ESR electrolytic capacitor 220uF/10V_LOW ESR electrolytic capacitor 27uF/50V_LOW ESR electrolytic capacitor 680uF/10V_LOW ESR electrolytic capacitor 47uF/16V_General purpose electrolytic capacitor 47uF/16V_General purpose electrolytic capacitor 47uF/16V_General purpose electrolytic capacitor 0.1uF; 0805 0.1uF; 0805 150pF/ 200V; Ceramic 470pF/ 100V; Ceramic 1N4007 1N4007 1N4007 1N4007 1N4007 GP BAV21 BAV20 33V Zener 2% UF4001 1N5822 1N4001 1A/275V Safety Fuse BEAD 1.4mH 3.3uH / 1A 3.3uH / 250mA 200K 1/4W 10R 1/4W 100R 1/4 W 3.3K; 0805 3.57K 1%; 0805 1R 1/4W 10K 1%; 0805 10R; 0805 10R; 005 10R; 0805 510K; 0805 510K; 0805 510K; 0805 470K 1/8W Custom EE16 TNY264P LTV817A TL431_SOT23 Note: All resistors and capacitors are SMD-0805 unless otherwise specified. Page 8 of 22 Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com DER-46 6 W peak, Multiple output PSU for DVB-T April 20, 2005 7 Transformer Specification 7.1 Electrical Diagram 1 7 WDG7 19T 32AWG T.I.W. WDG2 116T 37AWG 2 8 7 WDG6 8T 32AWG T.I.W. WDG3 16T 32AWG X2 3 WDG5 2T 25AWG T.I.W. nc 9 6 WDG1 48T 35AWG WDG4 4T 25AWG T.I.W. X2 10 5 Figure 3 –Transformer Electrical Diagram 7.2 Electrical Specifications Electrical Strength 1 second, 60 Hz, from pins 1-6 to pins 7-10 Primary Inductance Pins 7-8, all other windings open. Measured at 132 kHz, 1 VRMS Resonant Frequency Pin 7-8, all other windings open 300 kHz (Min.) Primary Leakage Inductance Pins 7-8, with pins 1-6 shorted. Measured at 132 kHz, 1 VRMS 70 µH (Max.) Page 9 of 22 3000 VAC 2.4 mH +/- 7% Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com DER-46 7.3 6 W peak, Multiple output PSU for DVB-T Materials Item [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] 7.4 April 20, 2005 Description 2 Core: EE16, Gapped for AL of 178 nH/T Bobbin: EE16 Vertical 10 pins Magnet Wire: # 35 AWG Magnet Wire: #37 AWG Magnet Wire: #32 AWG Triple Insulated Wire (T.I.W.) #25AWG Triple Insulated Wire (T.I.W.) #32AWG Tape: 3M 1298 Polyester Film, 8.2mm wide Transformer Build Diagram 2 1 3 2 6 3 5 6 7 WDG7 19T 32AWG T.I.W. WDG6 8T 32AWG T.I.W. WDG5 2T 25AWG T.I.W. WDG4 4T 25AWG T.I.W. X2 WDG3 16T 32AWG X2 nc 7 WDG2 116T 37AWG 8 9 10 WDG1 48T 35AWG Figure 4 – Transformer Build Diagram Page 10 of 22 Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com DER-46 7.5 6 W peak, Multiple output PSU for DVB-T April 20, 2005 Winding Instructions Bobbin Set Up Orientation WDG1: SHLD1 Winding Basic Insulation WDG2: Primary Winding (2 layers) Basic Insulation WDG3: SHLD2 Winding Basic Insulation Set up the bobbin with its pins oriented to the right hand side. Start at pin 10. Wind 48 turns of magnetic wire #35AWG from right to left. No winding should overlap. Finish at pin 9. Apply 2 layers of tape (8.2mm) Start at pin 8. Wind 58 turns of magnetic wire #37AWG from right to left. Place 1T of tape (8.2mm). Continue winding 58 turns from left to right for the second layer. No winding should overlap. Finish on pin 7. Apply 1 layer of tape (8.2mm) Start on pin 10 temporarily. Wind 16 bifilar turns of magnetic wire #32AWG from right to left. No winding should overlap. Finish on pin 7. Cut trim start lead from pin 10. Apply 4 layers of tape (8.2mm) WDG4: 3.3 V Winding. WDG5: 5V Winding Basic Insulation WDG6: 12V Winding Basic Insulation WDG7: 33V Winding Start at pin 6. Wind 4 bifilar turns of T.I.W#25AWG. The wires should be tightly and uniformly wound spread across the bobbin width. Finish on pin 5. Start on pin 3. Wind 2 turns of T.I.W#25AWG. Wind the wire between 3.3V windings. Finish on pin 6. Apply 1 layer of tape (8.2mm) Start at pin 2. Wind 8 turns of T.I.W#32AWG. Wind uniformly spread across the bobbin. Finish at pin 3. Apply 1 layer of tape (8.2mm) Basic Insulation Apply 1 layer of tape (8.2mm) Core Assembly Assemble and secure core halves. Item [1] Page 11 of 22 Start at pin 1. Wind 19 turns of T.I.W#32AWG. Finish on pin 2. Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com DER-46 6 W peak, Multiple output PSU for DVB-T April 20, 2005 8 Transformer Spreadsheet Page 12 of 22 Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com DER-46 6 W peak, Multiple output PSU for DVB-T April 20, 2005 9 Performance Data All measurements performed at room temperature, 60 Hz input frequency. 9.1 Efficiency Loading: [email protected]; [email protected]; 0.10A@5V; 0.13A@12V; 2mA@33V Efficiency Efficiency (%) 70.0 65.0 60.0 65.3% at 230Vac Efficiency 55.0 50.0 195 205 215 225 235 245 255 265 Input (VAC) Figure 5- Efficiency vs. Input Voltage, Room Temperature, 60 Hz. The efficiency at 230Vac is 65.3% Page 13 of 22 Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com DER-46 9.2 6 W peak, Multiple output PSU for DVB-T April 20, 2005 Worst Case Cross Regulation The test was done at room temperature at minimum and maximum input voltage. Voltage input @195Vac Load (A) Output (V) 3.3V 2.5V 5V 12V 33V 3.3V 2.5V 5V 12V 33V 0.3 0.55 0.1 0.13 2mA 3.34 2.52 4.98 12.17 32.29 0 0.55 0.1 0.13 2 3.35 2.53 4.91 11.95 31.98 0 0.22 0.1 0.13 2 3.37 2.58 4.77 11.53 31.27 0.2 0.20 0.15 0.15 2 3.36 2.57 4.77 11.73 31.77 0.3 0.55 0.03 0.1 2 3.33 2.51 5.19 12.43 32.5 0.3 0.55 0.01 0.08 2 3.33 2.5 5.18 12.42 32.6 0.4 0.70 0.01 0.08 2 3.33 2.50 5.18 12.42 32.6 0.4 0.70 0.15 0.15 2 3.34 2.52 4.91 12.16 32.4 Voltage input @265Vac Load (A) Output (V) 3.3V 2.5V 5V 12V 33V 3.3V 2.5V 5V 12V 33V 0.3 0.55 0.1 0.13 2mA 3.34 2.52 5.0 12.19 32.44 0 0.55 0.1 0.13 2 3.35 2.53 4.92 11.93 32.09 0 0.22 0.1 0.13 2 3.37 2.58 4.78 11.53 31.39 0.2 0.20 0.15 0.15 2 3.36 2.57 4.78 11.74 31.86 0.3 0.55 0.03 0.1 2 3.33 2.51 5.20 12.38 32.6 0.3 0.55 0.01 0.08 2 3.33 2.51 5.21 12.47 32.6 0.4 0.70 0.01 0.08 2 3.33 2.50 5.20 12.46 32.8 0.4 0.70 0.15 0.15 2 3.34 2.52 4.93 12.20 32.5 Page 14 of 22 Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com DER-46 6 W peak, Multiple output PSU for DVB-T April 20, 2005 10 Thermal Performance Measurement was taken at 195Vac; TAMBIENT =25oC with no airflow. TNY264P All outputs at Nominal Load 56ºC All outputs at Peak Load 70ºC T1 EE13 Transformer 47ºC 51ºC D11 3.3V Rectifier 57ºC 64ºC Reference Description U1 11 Waveforms 11.1 Drain Voltage and Current, Normal Operation Figure 6 - 195 VAC, Full Load. Upper: VDRAIN, 200 V, 10 µs / div Lower: IDRAIN, 0.2 A / div Page 15 of 22 Figure 7 - 265 VAC, Full Load Upper: VDRAIN, 200 V, 10 µs / div Lower: IDRAIN, 0.2 A / div Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com DER-46 6 W peak, Multiple output PSU for DVB-T April 20, 2005 11.2 Output Ripple Measurements 11.2.1 Ripple Measurement Technique For DC output ripple measurements, a modified oscilloscope test probe must be utilized in order to reduce spurious signals due to pickup. Details of the probe modification are provided in Figure 8 and Figure 9. The 5125BA probe adapter is affixed with two capacitors tied in parallel across the probe tip. The capacitors include one (1) 0.1 µF/50 V ceramic type and one (1) 1.0 µF/50 V aluminum electrolytic. The aluminum electrolytic type capacitor is polarized, so proper polarity across DC outputs must be maintained (see below). Probe Ground Probe Tip Figure 8 - Oscilloscope Probe Prepared for Ripple Measurement. (End Cap and Ground Lead Removed) Figure 9 - Oscilloscope Probe with Probe Master 5125BA BNC Adapter. (Modified with wires for probe ground for ripple measurement, and two parallel decoupling capacitors added) Page 16 of 22 Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com DER-46 6 W peak, Multiple output PSU for DVB-T April 20, 2005 11.2.2 Measurement Results Figure 10 – 3.3V Ripple, 195 VAC, Full Load. 2 ms, 20 mV / div Figure 11 –3.3V Ripple, 265 VAC, Full Load. 2 ms, 20 mV / div Figure 12 – 2.5VRipple, 195 VAC, Full Load. 2 ms, 20 mV /div Figure 13 – 2.5VRipple, 265 VAC, Full Load. 2 ms, 20 mV /div Page 17 of 22 Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com DER-46 6 W peak, Multiple output PSU for DVB-T April 20, 2005 Figure 14 – 5V Ripple, 195 VAC, Full Load. 2 ms, 20 mV / div Figure 15 –5V Ripple, 265 VAC, Full Load. 2 ms, 20 mV / div Figure 16 – 12VRipple, 195 VAC, Full Load. 2 ms, 20 mV /div Figure 17 – 12VRipple, 265 VAC, Full Load. 2 ms, 20 mV /div Page 18 of 22 Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com DER-46 6 W peak, Multiple output PSU for DVB-T Figure 18 – 33V Ripple, 195 VAC, Full Load. 2 ms, 20 mV / div April 20, 2005 Figure 19 –33V Ripple, 265 VAC, Full Load. 2 ms, 20 mV / div 11.3 Transient Response: 3.3V – 50% - 100% Load Step Figure 20 – 3.3V, 195 VAC, 200mA-400mA. 2 ms, 20 mV / div Page 19 of 22 Figure 21 –3.3V, 265 VAC, 200mA-400mA. 2 ms, 20 mV / div Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com DER-46 6 W peak, Multiple output PSU for DVB-T April 20, 2005 12 Conducted EMI EMI was tested at room temperature, 230 VAC input, with following resistor load on each output: 11 ohms @ 3.3 V; 4.5 ohms @ 2.5V; 49.6 ohms @ 5V; 94 ohms @ 12V; 21 Kohms @ 33V. Figure 22 – NEUTRAL, Secondary Ground Connected to Earth. Figure 23 – LINE, Secondary Ground Connected to Earth. Figure 24 – NEUTRAL, Secondary Ground NOT Connected to Earth. Figure 25 - LINE, Secondary Ground NOT Connected to Earth. Page 20 of 22 Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com DER-46 6 W peak, Multiple output PSU for DVB-T April 20, 2005 13 Revision History Date April 20, 2005 Page 21 of 22 Author Revision ME 1.0 Description & changes Initial release Reviewed VC / AM Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com DER-46 6 W peak, Multiple output PSU for DVB-T April 20, 2005 For the latest updates, visit our Web site: www.powerint.com PATENT INFORMATION Power Integrations reserves the right to make changes to its products at any time to improve reliability or manufacturability. Power Integrations does not assume any liability arising from the use of any device or circuit described herein, nor does it convey any license under its patent rights or the rights of others. The products and applications illustrated herein (including circuits external to the products and transformer construction) may be covered by one or more U.S. and foreign patents or potentially by pending U.S. and foreign patent applications assigned to Power Integrations. A complete list of Power Integrations’ patents may be found at www.powerint.com. The PI Logo, TOPSwitch, TinySwitch, LinkSwitch, and EcoSmart are registered trademarks of Power Integrations. PI Expert and DPA-Switch are trademarks of Power Integrations. © Copyright 2003, Power Integrations. WORLD HEADQUARTERS Power Integrations 5245 Hellyer Avenue, San Jose, CA 95138, USA Main: +1-408-414-9200 Customer Service: Phone: +1-408-414-9665 Fax: +1-408-414-9765 e-mail: [email protected] CHINA (SHENZHEN) Power Integrations International Holdings, Inc. Rm# 1705, Bao Hua Bldg. 1016 Hua Qiang Bei Lu, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518031, China Phone: +86-755-8367-5143 Fax: +86-755-8377-9610 e-mail: [email protected] ITALY Power Integrations s.r.l. 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Rm 807, Pacheer, Commercial Centre, 555 Nanjing West Road, Shanghai, 200041, China Phone: +86-21-6215-5548 Fax: +86-21-6215-2468 e-mail: [email protected] INDIA (TECHNICAL SUPPORT) Innovatech 261/A, Ground Floor 7th Main, 17th Cross, Sadashivanagar Bangalore, India, 560080 Phone: +91-80-5113-8020 Fax: +91-80-5113-8023 e-mail: [email protected] KOREA Power Integrations International Holdings, Inc. 8th Floor, DongSung Bldg. 17-8 Yoido-dong, Youngdeungpo-gu, Seoul, 150-874, Korea Phone: +82-2-782-2840 Fax: +82-2-782-4427 e-mail: [email protected] UK (EUROPE & AFRICA HEADQUARTERS) 1st Floor, St. James’s House East Street Farnham, Surrey GU9 7TJ United Kingdom Phone: +44-1252-730-140 Fax: +44-1252-727-689 e-mail: [email protected] APPLICATIONS HOTLINE World Wide +1-408-414-9660 APPLICATIONS FAX World Wide +1-408-414-9760 Page 22 of 22 Power Integrations Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201 www.powerint.com