Agilent HDMP-0422 Single Port Bypass Circuit with CDR & Data Valid Detection Capability for Fibre Channel Arbitrated Loops Data Sheet Description The HDMP-0422 is a Single Port Bypass Circuit (PBC) with Clock and Data Recovery (CDR) capability included. This integrated circuit provides a low-cost, lowpower physical-layer solution for Fibre Channel Arbitrated Loop (FC-AL) disk array configurations. By using a PBC such as the HDMP0422, hard disks may be pulled out or swapped while other disks in the array are available to the system. A PBC consists of multiple 2:1 multiplexers daisy chained along with a CDR. Each port has two modes of operation: “disk in loop” and “disk bypassed.” When the “disk in loop” mode is selected, the loop goes into and out of the disk drive at that port. For example, data goes from the HDMP-0422’s TO_NODE[n]± differential output pins to the Disk Drive Transceiver IC’s (e.g. an HDMP-1636A) Rx differential input pins. Data from the Disk Drive Transceiver IC’s Tx differential outputs goes to the HDMP-0422’s FM_NODE[n]± differential input pins. Figures 2 and 3 show connection diagrams for disk drive array applications. When the “disk bypassed” mode is selected, the disk drive is either absent or non-functional and the loop bypasses the hard disk. The “disk bypassed” mode is enabled by pulling the BYPASS[n]pin low. Leave BYPASS[n]floating to enable the “disk in loop” mode. HDMP-0422s may be cascaded with other members of the HDMP-04XX/HDMP-05XX family through the appropriate FM_NODE[n]± and TO_NODE[n]± pins to accommodate any number of hard disks (see Figure 4). The unused cells in the HDMP-0422 may be bypassed by using pulldown resistors on the BYPASS[n]- pins for these cells. An HDMP-0422 may also be used as two 1:1 buffers, one with a CDR and one without. For example, an HDMP-0422 may be placed in front of a CMOS ASIC to clean the jitter of the outgoing signal (CDR path) and to better read the incoming signal (non-CDR paths). In addition, the HDMP-0422 may be configured as one 2:1 multiplexers or as one 1:2 buffers. Features • Supports 1.0625 GBd Fibre Channel operation • Supports 1.25 GBd Gigabit Ethernet (GE) operation • Single PBC/CDR in one package • CDR location determined by choice of cable input/output • Amplitude valid and data valid detection (Fibre channel rate only) on FM_NODE[0] input • Equalizers on all inputs • High-speed LVPECL I/O • Buffered Line Logic (BLL) outputs (no external bias resistors required) • 0.46 W typical power at VCC = 3.3 V • 24 Pin, low-cost SSOP package Applications • RAID, JBOD, BTS cabinets • One 2:1 muxes • One 1:2 buffers • 1 ≥ N Gigabit serial buffer • N ≥ 1 Gigabit serial mux HDMP-0422 CAUTION: As with all semiconductor ICs, it is advised that normal static precautionsb be taken in the handling and assembly of this component to prevent damage and/or degradation which may be induced by electrostatic discharge (ESD). FM_NODE[0] TO_NODE[0] BYPASS[1]– FM_NODE[1] TO_NODE[1] EQU BLL EQU TTL BLL 1 1 0 0 0 1 CDR DV AV CPLL TTL TTL FM_NODE[0]_AV TTL BYPASS[0]– REFCLK TTL FM_NODE[0]_DV MODE_DV TTL Figure 1. Block diagram of HDMP-0422. The HDMP-0422 design allows for CDR placement at any location with respect to a hard disk slot. For example, if hard disk A is connected to PBC cell 1, while BYPASS[0]- is left to float high (see Figure 2), the CDR function will be performed before entering the hard disk at slot A. To obtain a CDR function after slot A (see Figure 3), connect hard disk A to PBC cell 0, while floating BYPASS[1]- high. Refer to Table 1 for both pin connections. CDR The Clock and Data Recovery (CDR) block is responsible for frequency and phase locking onto the incoming serial data stream and resampling the incoming data based on the recovered clock. An automatic locking feature allows the CDR to lock onto the input data stream without external 2 training controls. It does this by continually frequency locking onto the 106.25 MHz reference clock (REFCLK) and then phase locking onto the input data stream. Once bit locked, the CDR generates a high-speed sampling clock. This clock is used to sample or repeat the incoming data to produce the CDR output. The CDR jitter specifications listed in this data sheet assume an input that has been 8B/10B encoded. The CDR will also lock onto data encoded using other algorithms as long as there is DC balance and a sufficient number of transitions. REFCLK INPUT The LVTTL REFCLK input provides a reference oscillator for frequency acquisition of the CDR. The REFCLK frequency should be within ± 100 ppm of one-tenth of the incoming data rate in baud (106.25 MHz ± 100 ppm for FCAL running at 1.0625 GBd). BLL OUTPUT All TO_NODE[n]± high-speed differential outputs are driven by a Buffered Line Logic (BLL) circuit that has on-chip source termination, so no external bias resistors are required. The BLL Outputs on the HDMP-0422 are of equal strength and can drive lengthy FR-4 PCB trace. Unused outputs should not be left unconnected. Ideally, unused outputs should have their differential pins shorted together with a short PCB trace. If longer traces or transmission lines are connected to the output pins, the lines should be differentially terminated with an appropriate resistor. The value of the termination resistor should match the PCB trace differential impedance. EQU INPUT All FM_NODE[n]± high-speed differential inputs have an Equalization (EQU) buffer to offset the effects of skin loss and dispersion on PCBs. An external termination resistor is required across all high-speed inputs. The value of the termination resistor should match the PCB trace differential impedance. Alternatively, instead of a single resistor, two resistors in series, with an AC ground between them, can be connected differentially across the FM_NODE[n]± inputs. The latter configuration attenuates high-frequency common mode noise. BYPASS[n]- INPUT The active low BYPASS[n]- inputs control the data flow through the HDMP-0422. All BYPASS pins are LVTTL and contain internal pull-up circuitry. To bypass a port, the appropriate BYPASS[n]- pin should be connected to GND through a 1 kΩ resistor. Otherwise, the BYPASS[n]- inputs should be left to float, as the internal pull-up circuitry will force them high. FM_NODE[0]_DV OUTPUT The Data Valid (DV) block detects if the incoming data at FM_NODE[0]± is valid Fibre Channel data. The DV block checks for sufficient K28.5+ characters (per Fibre Channel framing rules) and for run length violations (per 8B/10B encoding) on the data coming out of the CDR. The FM_NODE[0]_DV output is pulled low if a run length violation (RLV) occurs, or if there are no commas detected (NCD) over a specific time interval. It is pulled high if no errors are detected. 3 MODE_DV pin is an LVTTL input and contains internal pull-up circuitry. To select Data Valid Mode, float MODE_DV high. Otherwise, MODE_DV should be connected to GND through a 1 kΩ resistor. A RLV error is defined as any consecutive sequence of 1s or 0s greater than five in the serial bit stream. An NCD error indicates the absence of the seven-bit pattern (0011111) present in the positive disparity comma (K28.5+) character. A K28.5+ character should occur at the beginning of every Fibre Channel frame of 2148 bytes (or 21480 serial bits), as well as many times within and between frames. If this seven-bit pattern is not found within a 215 bit (~31 µs) interval, an NCD error is generated. A counter within the chip tracks the 215 bit intervals. When MODE_DV is high, the user is able to use the BYPASS[0]- input to bypass invalid Fibre Channel data from the rest of the loop. For example, if FM_NODE[0]_DV is connected to the BYPASS[0]input, data from the CDR will only be routed to TO_NODE[1]± if the data has no RLV or NCD errors. If the DV block detects errors, the signal at TO_NODE[0]± will be routed to the TO_NODE[1]± outputs (see Figure 5). Any RLV and NCD errors are stored during the 215 bit interval. The FM_NODE[0]_DV output is pulled low at the start of the 215 bit interval after errors are detected. Once low, FM_NODE[0]_DV remains in that state until an entire 215 bit interval has no RLV or NCD errors. At the start of the 215 bit interval subsequent to no RLV or NCD errors being detected, FM_NODE[0]_DV is pulled high. FM_NODE[0]_AV OUTPUT The Amplitude Valid (AV) block detects if the incoming data on FM_NODE[0]± is valid by examining the differential amplitude of that input. The incoming data is considered valid, and FM_NODE[0]_AV is driven high, as long as the amplitude is greater than 400 mV (differential peak-to-peak). FM_NODE[0]_AV is driven low as long as the amplitude of the input signal is less than 100 mV (differential peak-to-peak). When the amplitude of the input signal is between 100-400 mV (differential peak-to-peak), the FM_NODE[0]_AV output is undefined. MODE_DV INPUT The active high Data Valid Mode input selects Fibre Channel data checking of the FM_NODE[0]± inputs. This is accomplished by having MODE_DV override the BYPASS[0]- control (see Figure 1), thereby forcing the data into the CDR to come from the FM_NODE[0]± inputs. The Table 1. Pin Connection Diagram to Achieve Desired CDR Location (see Figures 2, 3) Hard Disks A A Connection to PBC cells 1 0 CDR position (x) xA Ax Cell connected to Cable 0 1 x denotes CDR position with respect to hard disks. 4 EQU 1 0 0 0 DV AV TTL TTL TTL Figure 2. Connection diagram for CDR at first cell. TTL CDR 1 CPLL TTL 1 1 0 0 DV TTL TTL Figure 3. Connection diagram for CDR at last cell. FM_NODE[0]_AV BLL REFCLK TTL EQU FM_NODE[0]_DV 1 1 MODE_DV = LOW TTL FM_NODE[0]_AV EQU BYPASS[0]– = HIGH (FLOAT) BLL BYPASS[0]– FM_NODE[0] TO_NODE[0] BYPASS[1]– = HIGH (FLOAT) FM_NODE[1] = FM_LOOP TO_NODE[1] = TO_LOOP FM_NODE[0] = FM_LOOP TO_NODE[0] = TO_LOOP BYPASS[1]– FM_NODE[1] TO_NODE[1] SERDES REFCLK FM_NODE[0]_DV MODE_DV = LOW HARD DISK A HARD DISK A SERDES BLL BLL EQU 0 CDR CPLL AV TTL TTL TTL 5 TTL BLL EQU BLL 0 CDR DV TTL TTL Figure 4. Connection diagram for multiple HDMP-0422s. TTL TTL 1 CPLL TTL REFCLK TTL FM_NODE[0]_DV EQU MODE_DV = LOW 1 EQU TTL BYPASS[0]– FM_NODE[0] TO_NODE[0] BYPASS[1]– = HIGH (FLOAT) FM_NODE[1] TO_NODE[1] = TO_LOOP FM_NODE[0] = FM_LOOP TO_NODE[0] BYPASS[1]– FM_NODE[1] TO_NODE[1] SERDES BYPASS[0]– = HIGH (FLOAT) BLL REFCLK FM_NODE[0]_DV MODE_DV = LOW HARD DISK A HARD DISK A SERDES BLL EQU 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 CDR DV CPLL TTL TTL BYPASS[1]– TO_NODE[1] FM_NODE[1] SERDES EQU BLL FM_NODE[0] = FM_LOOP TO_NODE[0] = TO_LOOP HARD DISK A EQU TTL BLL 1 1 0 0 0 1 CDR DV AV CPLL TTL TTL FM_NODE[0]_AV TTL BYPASS[0]– REFCLK TTL FM_NODE[0]_DV MODE_DV = HIGH (FLOAT) TTL Figure 5. Connection diagram for bypassing invalid Fibre Channel data. I/O Type Definitions I/O Type Definition I-LVTTL LVTTL Input O-LVTTL LVTTL Output HS_OUT High Speed Output, LVPECL compatible HS_IN High Speed Input C External Circuit Node S Power Supply or Ground 6 Pin Definitions Pin Name Pin Pin Type Pin Description TO_NODE[0]+ TO_NODE[0]TO_NODE[1]+ TO_NODE[1]- 20 21 05 04 HS_OUT Serial Data Outputs: High-speed outputs to a hard disk drive or to a cable. FM_NODE[0]+ FM_NODE[0]FM_NODE[1]+ FM_NODE[1]- 23 24 02 01 HS_IN Serial Data Inputs: High-speed inputs from a hard disk drive or from a cable. BYPASS[0]BYPASS[1]- 17 08 I-LVTTL Bypass Inputs: For “disk bypassed” mode, connect BYPASS[n]- to GND through a 1 kΩ resistor. For “disk in loop” mode, float HIGH. REFCLK 14 I-LVTTL Reference Clock: A user-supplied clock reference used for frequency acquisition in the Clock and Data Recovery (CDR) circuit. CPLL1 CPLL0 12 13 C Loop Filter Capacitor: A loop filter capacitor for the internal Clock and Data Recovery (CDR) circuit must be connected across the CPLL1 and CPLL0 pins. Recommended value is 0.1 µF. FM_NODE[0]_DV 09 O-LVTTL Data Valid: Indicates Fibre Channel compliant data on FM_NODE[n] ± inputs when HIGH. Indicates either a run length violation or a no comma detected error when LOW. MODE_DV 11 I-LVTTL Data Valid Mode: To allow data valid detection, float MODE_DV HIGH. Otherwise, connect to GND through a 1 kΩ resistor. FM_NODE[0]_AV 16 O-LVTTL Amplitude Valid: Indicates acceptable signal amplitude on the FM_NODE[n]± inputs. If (FM_NODE[n]+ – FM_NODE[n]-) >= 400 mV peak-to-peak, FM_NODE[0]_AV = 1 If 400 mV > (FM_NODE[n]+ – FM_NODE[n]-) > 100 mV, FM_NODE[0]_AV = undefined If 100 mV >= (FM_NODE[n]+ – FM_NODE[n]-), FM_NODE[0]_AV = 0 GND 06 07 18 19 S Ground: Normally 0 V. See Figure 13 for Recommended Power Supply Filtering. VCCA 15 S Analog Power Supply: Normally 3.3 V. Used to provide a clean supply to the Clock and Data Recovery (CDR) circuit. See Figure 13 for Recommended Power Supply Filtering. VCCHS[0] VCCHS[1] 22 03 S S High Speed Supply: Normally 3.3 V. Used only for high-speed outputs (TO_NODE[n]). See Figure 13 for Recommended Power Supply Filtering. VCC 10 S Logic Power Supply: Normally 3.3 V. Used for internal logic. See Figure 13 for Recommended Power Supply Filtering. 7 Absolute Maximum Ratings TA = 25ºC, except as specified. Operation in excess of any of these conditions may result in permanent damage to this device. Continuous operation at these minimum or maximum ratings is not recommended. Symbol Parameter Units Min. Max. VCC Supply Voltage V –0.5 4.0 VIN,LVTTL LVTTL Input Voltage V –0.5 VCC + 0.5[1] VIN,HS_IN HS_IN Input Voltage (Differential) mV 200 2000 IO,LVTTL LVTTL Output Sink/Source Current mA Tstg Storage Temperature °C –65 +150 Tj Junction Temperature °C 0 +125 ±13 Note: 1. Must remain less than or equal to absolute maximum VCC voltage of 4.0 V. DC Electrical Specifications VCC = 3.15 V to 3.45 V. Symbol Parameter Units Min. Typ. Max. VIH,LVTTL LVTTL Input High Voltage Range V 2.0 VIL,LVTTL LVTTL Input Low Voltage Range V VOH,LVTTL LVTTL Output High Voltage Range, I OH = -400 µA V 2.2 V CC VOL,LVTTL LVTTL Output Low Voltage Level, I OL = 1 mA V 0 0.6 IIH,LVTTL Input High Current (Magnitude), V IN = 2.4 V, V CC = 3.45 V µA 40 IIL,LVTTL Input Low Current (Magnitude), VIN = 0.4 V, VCC = 3.45 V µA –600 ICC Total Supply Current, TA = 25°C mA 0.8 140 AC Electrical Specifications VCC = 3.15 V to 3.45 V. Symbol Parameter Units TLOOP_LAT Total Loop Latency from FM_NODE[0] to TO_NODE[0] ns 3.0 TCELL_LAT Per Cell Latency from FM_NODE[1] to TO_NODE[0] ns 2.0 tr,LVTTLin Input LVTTL Rise Time Requirement, 0.8 V to 2.0 V ns 2.0 tf,LVTTLin Input LVTTL Fall Time Requirement, 2.0 V to 0.8 V ns 2.0 tr,LVTTLout Output TTL Rise Time, 0.8 V to 2.0 V, 10 pF Load ns 1.7 3.3 tf,LVTTLout Output TLL Fall Time, 2.0 V to 0.8 V, 10 pF Load ns 1.7 2.4 trs,HS_OUT HS_OUT Single-Ended Rise Time, 20% to 80% ps 200 300 tfs,HS_OUT HS_OUT Single-Ended Fall Time, 20% to 80% ps 200 300 trd,HS_OUT HS_OUT Differential Rise Time, 20% to 80% ps 200 300 tfd,HS_OUT HS_OUT Differential Fall Time, 20% to 80% ps 200 300 VIP,HS_IN HS_IN Required Pk-Pk Differential Input Voltage mV 200 1200 2000 VOP,HS_OUT HS_OUT Pk-Pk Differential Output Voltage (Z0 = 75 Ω, Figure 10) mV 1100 1400 2000 8 Min. Typ. Max. Guaranteed Operating Rates VCC = 3.15 V to 3.45 V. FC Serial Clock Rate (MBd) Min. Max. GE Serial Clock Rate (MBd) Min. Max. 1,040 1,240 1,080 1,260 CDR Reference Clock Requirements VCC = 3.15 V to 3.45 V. Symbol Parameter Units Min. Typ. Max. f Nominal Frequency (Fibre Channel) MHz 106.25 f Nominal Frequency (Gigabit Ethernet) MHz 125 Ftol Frequency Tolerance ppm –100 +100 Symm Symmetry (Duty Cycle) % 40 60 Locking Characteristics VCC = 3.15 V to 3.45 V. Parameter Units Max. Bit Sync Time (phase lock) bits 2500 Frequency Lock at Powerup µs 500 Output Jitter Characteristics VCC = 3.15 V to 3.45 V. Symbol Parameter Units Typ. RJ[1] Random Jitter at TO_NODE pins (1 sigma rms) ps 5 DJ[1] Deterministic Jitter at TO_NODE pins (pk-pk) ps 20 Note: 1. Please refer to Figures 7 and 8 for jitter measurement setup information. Figure 6. Eye diagram of TO_NODE[1]± high speed differential output (50 Ω termination). Note: Measurement taken with a 27-1 PRBS input to FM_NODE[0]± 9 Max. Jitter Measurement Configurations HP 70841B PATTERN GENERATOR HDMP-0422 2 ± DATA ± FM_NODE[0] BYPASS-[0] BYPASS-[1] BIAS TEE K28.7 CLOCK REFCLK ± TO_NODE[1] N/C 1 kΩ 1.4 V 1062.5 MHz 2 106.25 MHz 1/10 HP 70311A CLOCK SOURCE CH 1/2 106.25 MHz TRIGGER HP 83480A DIGITAL COMMUNICATION ANALYZER Figure 7. Setup for measurement of Random Jitter. HP 70841B PATTERN GENERATOR HDMP-0422 2 ± DATA ± FM_NODE[0] BYPASS-[0] BYPASS-[1] BIAS +K28.5 –K28.5 CLOCK REFCLK ± TO_NODE[1] 1.4 V 1062.5 MHz 2 106.25 MHz HP 70311A CLOCK SOURCE 1/10 CH 1/2 106.25 MHz 1/2 53.125 MHz TRIGGER HP 83480A DIGITAL COMMUNICATION ANALYZER Figure 8. Setup for measurement of Deterministic Jitter. 10 N/C 1 kΩ Simplified I/O Cells O_LVTTL I_LVTTL VCC VCC VCC VBB 1.4 V GND GND ESD PROTECTION ESD PROTECTION GND Figure 9. O-LVTTL and I-LVTTL simplified circuit schematic. HS_OUT HS_IN VCC VCCHS 75 Ω + – VCC TO_NODE[n]+ + – VCC Z0 = 75 Ω 0.01 µF FM_NODE[n]+ 2*Z0 = 150 Ω TO_NODE[n]– Z0 = 75 Ω GND 0.01 µF FM_NODE[n]– GND ESD ESD PROTECTION PROTECTION GND GND NOTE: 1. FM_NODE[n] INPUTS SHOULD NEVER BE CONNECTED TO GROUND AS PERMANENT DAMAGE TO THE DEVICE MAY RESULT. Figure 10. HS_OUT and HS_IN simplified circuit schematic. 11 Package Information Power Dissipation and Thermal Resistance. VCC = 3.15 V to 3.45 V. Symbol Parameter Units Typ. PD Power Dissipation mW 460 Θjc[1] Thermal Resistance, Junction to Case °C/W 14 Max. Note: 1. Based on independent package testing by Agilent. Θja for this device is 57ºC/W. Θja is measured on a standard 3x3” FR4 PCB in a still air environment. To determine the actual junction temperature in a given application, use the following equation: Tj = TC + (Θja x PD), where TC is the case temperature measured on the top center of the package and PD is the power being dissipated. Item Details Package Material Plastic Shrink Small Outline (SSOP) Per JESD Pub 95, MO-150, Var AG Lead Finish Material 85% Tin, 15% Lead Lead Finish Thickness 200-800 micro-inches Lead Skew 0.15 mm max Lead Coplanarity (Seating Plane) 0.10 mm max Mechanical Dimensions c D 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 TOP VIEW 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 E1 9 E 10 11 12 PIN #1 ID L b 0.25 GAGE PLANE A2 A SEATING PLANE A1 e DIMENSION E1 D E b e 0.22/ 0.38 0.65 MIN./ TOLERANCE ±0.30 ±0.30 ±0.40 MAX. BSC HDMP-0422 5.30 8.20 7.80 ALL DIMENSIONS ARE IN MILLIMETERS Figure 11. HDMP-0422 package drawing. 12 L c A2 0.09/ 1.75 0.20 +0.13/ MIN./ ±0.13 –0.27 MAX. 0.90 A1 A 0.05/ 0.25 2.13 MIN./ MAX. MAX. Pin Diagram and Recommended Supply Filtering FM_NODE [1]– 1 24 FM_NODE [0]– FM_NODE [1]+ 2 23 FM_NODE [0]+ VCCHS[1] 3 22 VCCHS[0] 21 TO_NODE [0]– 20 TO_NODE [0]+ 5 GND 6 GND 7 BYPASS[1]– 8 FM_NODE[0]_DV 9 VCC 10 15 VCCA MODE_DV 11 14 REFCLK CPLL1 12 13 CPLL0 Rz.zz nnnn-nnn S YYWW COUNTRY 4 HDMP-0422 TO_NODE [1]– TO_NODE [1]+ 19 GND 18 BYPASS[0]– 17 FM_NODE[0]_AV 16 SD[0] nnnn-nnn = WAFER LOT – BUILD NUMBER Rz.zz = DIE REVISION S = SUPPLIER CODE YYWW = DATE CODE (YY = YEAR, WW = WORK WEEK) COUNTRY = COUNTRY OF MANUFACTURE Figure 12. HDMP-0422 package layout and marking, top view. 1 2 23 3 22 4 21 5 GND 6 GND 7 8 20 19 GND 18 GND 17 9 16 10 15 11 14 12 13 CPLL1 GND VCC CPLL0 VCC HDMP-0422 VCC 24 CAPACITORS = 0.1 µF, RESISTOR = 10 Ω (EXCEPT WHERE NOTED). Figure 13. Recommended power supply filtering. 13 VCC 10 µF www.agilent.com/semiconductors For product information and a complete list of distributors, please go to our web site. For technical assistance call: Americas/Canada: +1 (800) 235-0312 or (916) 788-6763 Europe: +49 (0) 6441 92460 China: 10800 650 0017 Hong Kong: (+65) 6756 2394 India, Australia, New Zealand: (+65) 6755 1939 Japan: (+81 3) 3335-8152(Domestic/International), or 0120-61-1280(Domestic Only) Korea: (+65) 6755 1989 Singapore, Malaysia, Vietnam, Thailand, Philippines, Indonesia: (+65) 6755 2044 Taiwan: (+65) 6755 1843 Data subject to change. Copyright © 2003 Agilent Technologies, Inc. Obsoletes 5988-8561EN June 17, 2003 5988-9759EN