19-0068; Rev 5; 10/09 KIT ATION EVALU LE B A IL A AV ISDB-T Single-Segment Low-IF Tuners Features The MAX2160/EBG tuner ICs are designed for use in Japanese mobile digital TV (ISDB-T single-segment) applications. The devices directly convert UHF band signals to a low-IF using a broadband I/Q downconverter. The operating frequency range extends from 470MHz to 770MHz. The MAX2160/EBG support both I/Q low-IF interfaces as well as single low-IF interfaces, making the devices universal tuners for various digital demodulator IC implementations. ♦ Low Noise Figure: < 4dB Typical ♦ High Dynamic Range: -98dBm to 0dBm ♦ High-Side or Low-Side LO Injection ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ Integrated VCO and Tank Circuits Low LO Phase Noise: Typical -88dBc/Hz at 10kHz Integrated Frequency Synthesizer Integrated Bandpass Filters 52dB Typical Image Rejection The MAX2160/EBG include an LNA, RF variable-gain amplifiers, I and Q downconverting mixers, low-IF variablegain amplifiers, and bandpass filters providing in excess of 42dB of image rejection. The parts are capable of operating with either high-side or low-side local oscillator (LO) injection. The MAX2160/EBG’s variable-gain amplifiers provide in excess of 100dB of gain-control range. The MAX2160/EBG also include fully monolithic VCOs and tank circuits, as well as a complete frequency synthesizer. The devices include a XTAL oscillator as well as a separate TCXO input buffer. The devices operate with XTAL/TCXO oscillators from 13MHz to 26MHz allowing the shared use of a VC-TCXO in cellular handset applications. Additionally, a divider is provided for the XTAL/TCXO oscillator allowing for simple and lowcost interfacing to various channel decoders. The MAX2160/EBG are specified for operation from -40°C to +85°C and available in a 40-pin (6mm x 6mm) thin QFN lead-free plastic package with exposed paddle (EP), and in a 3.175mm x 3.175mm lead-free waferlevel package (WLP). ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ Single +2.7V to +3.3V Supply Voltage Three Low-Power Modes Two-Wire, I2C-Compatible Serial Control Interface Very Small Lead-Free WLP Package TEMP RANGE -40°C to +85°C 40 Thin QFN-EP* MAX2160ETL+ -40°C to +85°C 40 Thin QFN-EP* MAX2160EBG+ -40°C to +85°C WLP VCCCP CPOUT TEST GNDTUNE VTUNE GNDVCO VCCVCO VCOBYP N.C. GNDCP 37 36 35 34 33 32 31 30 N.C. TANK 29 VCCBB 28 N.C. DIV4 27 QOUT GNDXTAL 4 ÷ VCCXTAL 5 26 GNDBB 25 IOUT XTALOUT 6 INTERFACE LOGIC AND CONTROL 24 N.C. MAX2160 23 GC2 PWRDET EP 22 ENTCXO 16 17 18 19 20 VCCMX PWRDET VCCFLT SHDN 15 GC1 14 N.C. 13 VCCLNA 12 RFIN 21 N.C. 11 N.C. VCCDIG 7 LTC 10 MAX2160ETL 38 XTAL 3 SCL 9 PIN-PACKAGE 39 FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER TCXO 2 SDA 8 Ordering Information PART 40 N.C. 1 VCCBIAS Cell Phone Mobile TVs Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs) Pocket TVs TOP VIEW ADC Applications Pin Configurations/ Functional Diagrams TQFN Pin Configurations/Functional Diagrams continued at end of data sheet. +Denotes a lead(Pb)-free/RoHS-compliant package. *EP = Exposed paddle. ________________________________________________________________ Maxim Integrated Products 1 For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim Direct at 1-888-629-4642, or visit Maxim’s website at www.maxim-ic.com. MAX2160/MAX2160EBG General Description MAX2160/MAX2160EBG ISDB-T Single-Segment Low-IF Tuners ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS All VCC_ Pins to GND............................................-0.3V to +3.6V All Other Pins to GND.................................-0.3V to (VCC + 0.3V) RFIN, Maximum RF Input Power ....................................+10dBm ESD Rating...........................................................................±1kV Short-Circuit Duration IOUT, QOUT, CPOUT, XTALOUT, PWRDET, SDA, TEST, LTC, VCOBYP ...........................................................10s Continuous Power Dissipation (TA = +70°C) 40-Pin Thin QFN (derate 35.7mW/°C above +70°C)....2857mW WLP (derate 10.8mW/°C above +70°C).........................704mW Operating Temperature Range ...........................-40°C to +85°C Junction Temperature ......................................................+150°C Storage Temperature Range .............................-65°C to +150°C Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s) .................................+300°C CAUTION! ESD SENSITIVE DEVICE Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (MAX2160 EV kit, VCC = +2.7V to +3.3V, VGC1 = VGC2 = 0.3V (maximum gain), no RF input signals at RFIN, baseband I/Os are open circuited and VCO is active with fLO = 767.714MHz, registers set according to the recommended default register conditions of Tables 2–11, TA = -40°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at VCC = +2.85V, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 1) PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN TYP 2.7 MAX UNITS V SUPPLY Supply Voltage Supply Current (See Tables 15 and 16) 2.85 3.3 Receive mode, SHDN = VCC , BBL[1:0] = 00 44 53.5 Standby mode, bit STBY = 1 2 4 Power-down mode, bit PWDN = 1, EPD = 0 5 40 Shutdown mode, SHDN = GND 0 10 mA µA ANALOG GAIN-CONTROL INPUTS (GC1, GC2) Input Voltage Range Maximum gain = 0.3V Input Bias Current 0.3 2.7 V -15 +15 µA 0.4 2.3 V VCO TUNING VOLTAGE INPUT (VTUNE) Input Voltage Range VTUNE ADC Resolution 3 Input Voltage Range Reference Ladder Trip Point 0.3 ADC read bits bits 2.4 110 to 111 VCC - 0.4 101 to 110 1.9 100 to 101 1.7 011 to 100 1.3 010 to 011 0.9 001 to 010 0.6 000 to 001 0.4 V V LOCK TIME CONSTANT OUTPUT (LTC) Source Current 2 Bit LTC = 0 1 Bit LTC = 1 2 _______________________________________________________________________________________ µA ISDB-T Single-Segment Low-IF Tuners (MAX2160 EV kit, VCC = +2.7V to +3.3V, VGC1 = VGC2 = 0.3V (maximum gain), no RF input signals at RFIN, baseband I/Os are open circuited and VCO is active with fLO = 767.714MHz, registers set according to the recommended default register conditions of Tables 2–11, TA = -40°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at VCC = +2.85V, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 1) PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS SHUTDOWN CONTROL (SHDN) Input-Logic-Level High 0.7 x VCC V Input-Logic-Level Low 0.3 x VCC V 2-WIRE SERIAL INPUTS (SCL, SDA) Clock Frequency 400 Input-Logic-Level High 0.7 x VCC V Input-Logic-Level Low Input Leakage Current 0.3 x VCC Digital inputs = GND or VCC kHz ±0.1 ±1 V µA 2-WIRE SERIAL OUTPUT (SDA) Output-Logic-Level Low 0.2 V AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (MAX2160 EV kit, VCC = +2.7V to +3.3V, fRF = 767.143MHz, fLO = 767.714MHz, fBB = 571kHz, fXTAL = 16MHz, VGC1 = VGC2 = 0.3V (maximum gain), registers set according to the recommended default register conditions of Tables 2–11, RF input signals as specified, baseband output load as specified, TA = -40°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at VCC = +2.85V, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 1) PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS 770 MHz MAIN SIGNAL PATH PERFORMANCE Input Frequency Range 470 Minimum Input Signal 13-segment input Maximum Voltage Gain CW tone, VGC1 = VGC2 = 0.3V, bit MOD = 1 Minimum Voltage Gain CW tone, VGC1 = VGC2 = 2.7V, bit MOD = 0 RF Gain-Control Range 0.3V < VGC1 < 2.7V 38 43 Baseband Gain-Control Range 0.3V < VGC2 < 2.7V 57 67 dB In-Band Input IP3 (Note 2) +4 dBm Out-of-Band Input IP3 (Note 3) +16.7 dBm Input IP2 (Note 4) +16 dBm Input P1dB CW tone, VGC1 = VGC2 = 2.7V, bit MOD = 0 0 dBm Noise Figure VGC1 = VGC2 = 0.3V, TA = +25°C (Note 5) Image Rejection -98 dB 4 3.8 42 Minimum RF Input Return Loss dBm 102 fRF = 620MHz, 50Ω system LO Leakage at RFIN dB dB 5 dB 52 dB 14 dB -100 dBm 3 bits IF POWER DETECTOR Resolution Minimum RF Attack Point Power at RFIN -62 dBm Maximum RF Attack Point Power at RFIN -48 dBm Detector Bandwidth 3dB RF bandwidth Output Compliance Range Response Time ±35 0.3 C14 = 10nF MHz 2.7 0.1 V ms _______________________________________________________________________________________ 3 MAX2160/MAX2160EBG DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) MAX2160/MAX2160EBG ISDB-T Single-Segment Low-IF Tuners AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) (MAX2160 EV kit, VCC = +2.7V to +3.3V, fRF = 767.143MHz, fLO = 767.714MHz, fBB = 571kHz, fXTAL = 16MHz, VGC1 = VGC2 = 0.3V (maximum gain), registers set according to the recommended default register conditions of Tables 2–11, RF input signals as specified, baseband output load as specified, TA = -40°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at VCC = +2.85V, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 1) PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS LOW-IF BANDPASS FILTERS Center Frequency Frequency Response (Note 5) Group Delay Variation 571 ±380kHz offset from center frequency -6 1.3MHz kHz -1.5 -36 Up to 1dB bandwidth ±100 dB ns BASEBAND OUTPUT CHARACTERISTICS Nominal Output-Voltage Swing RLOAD = 10kΩ || 10pF I/Q Amplitude Imbalance (Note 6) 0.5 I/Q Quadrature Phase Imbalance VP-P ±1.5 dB ±2 deg Output Gain Step Bit MOD transition from 0 to 1 +7 dB I/Q Output Impedance Real ZO 30 Ω FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER RF-Divider Frequency Range 470 770 RF-Divider Range (N) 829 5374 Reference-Divider Frequency Range 13 26 Reference-Divider Range (R) 22 182 Phase-Detector Comparison Frequency 1/7 4/7 MHz MHz MHz PLL-Referred Phase Noise Floor TA = +25°C, fCOMP = 285.714kHz -155 dBc/Hz Comparison Frequency Spurious Products Bit EPB = 1 -52 dBc Bits CP[1:0] = 00 1.25 1.5 1.75 Bits CP[1:0] = 01 1.65 2.0 2.35 Bits CP[1:0] = 10 2.10 2.5 2.90 Bits CP[1:0] = 11 2.50 3 3.50 Charge-Pump Compliance Range ±10% variation from current at VTUNE = 1.35V 0.4 2.2 V Charge-Pump Source/Sink Current Matching VTUNE = 1.35V -10 +10 % Charge-Pump Output Current (Note 5) 4 _______________________________________________________________________________________ mA ISDB-T Single-Segment Low-IF Tuners (MAX2160 EV kit, VCC = +2.7V to +3.3V, fRF = 767.143MHz, fLO = 767.714MHz, fBB = 571kHz, fXTAL = 16MHz, VGC1 = VGC2 = 0.3V (maximum gain), registers set according to the recommended default register conditions of Tables 2–11, RF input signals as specified, baseband output load as specified, TA = -40°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at VCC = +2.85V, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 1) PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS VOLTAGE-CONTROLLED OSCILLATOR AND LO GENERATION Guaranteed VCO Frequency Range TA = -40°C to +85°C 1880 3080 MHz Guaranteed LO Frequency Range TA = -40°C to +85°C 470 770 MHz 2.3 V Tuning Voltage Range 0.4 0.4V < VTUNE < 2.3V, TA = -40°C to +85°C LO Phase Noise fOFFSET = 1kHz -80 fOFFSET = 10kHz -87.5 fOFFSET = 100kHz -107 fOFFSET = 1MHz -128 dBc/Hz XTAL OSCILLATOR INPUT (TCXO AND XTAL) XTAL Oscillator Frequency Range Parallel resonance mode crystal XTAL Minimum Negative Resistance 16MHz < fXTAL < 18MHz (Note 5) 13 13.3 AC-coupled sine-wave input 0.4 TCXO Minimum Input Impedance MHz Ω 885 XTAL Nominal Input Capacitance TCXO Input Level 26 pF 1.5 10 VP-P kΩ REFERENCE OSCILLATOR BUFFER OUTPUT (XTALOUT) Output Frequency Range 1 Output-Buffer Divider Range 1 Output-Voltage Swing 26 MHz 26 0.7 VP-P 200 || 4 kΩ || pF Output Duty Cycle 50 % Output Impedance 160 Ω Output Load Note 1: Min and max values are production tested at TA = +25°C and +85°C. Min and max limits at TA = -40°C are guaranteed by design and characterization. Default register settings are not production tested; load all registers no sooner than 100µs after power-up. Note 2: In-band IIP3 is measured with two tones at fLO - 100kHz and fLO - 200kHz at a power level of -23dBm/tone. GC1 is set for maximum attenuation (VGC1 = 2.7V) and GC2 is adjusted to achieve 250mVP-P/tone at the I/Q outputs for an input desired level of -23dBm. Note 3: Out-of-band IIP3 is measured with two tones at fRF + 6MHz and fRF + 12MHz at a power level of -15dBm/tone. GC1 is set for maximum attenuation (VGC1 = 2.7V) and GC2 is adjusted to achieve 0.5VP-P at the I/Q outputs for an input desired level of -50dBm. fRF is set to 767MHz + 1/7MHz = 767.143MHz. Note 4: GC1 is set for maximum attenuation (VGC1 = 2.7V). GC2 is adjusted to give the nominal I/Q output voltage level (0.5VP-P) for a -50dBm desired tone at fRF = 550MHz. Two tones, 220MHz and 770MHz at -15dBm/tone, are then injected and the 571kHz IM2 levels are measured (with a 550.571MHz LO) at the I/Q outputs and IP2 is then calculated. Note 5: Guaranteed by design and characterization. Note 6: Guaranteed and tested at TA = +25°C and +85°C only. _______________________________________________________________________________________ 5 MAX2160/MAX2160EBG AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) Typical Operating Characteristics (MAX2160 EV kit, TQFN package, VCC = +2.85V, default register settings, VGC1 = VCG2 = 0.3V, VIOUT = VQOUT = 0.5VP-P, fLO = 767.714MHz, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) SHUTDOWN-MODE SUPPLY CURRENT vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE TA = +25°C 44 TA = -40°C 42 41 111 0.6 TA = +85°C 0.5 109 0.3 TA = -40°C TA = +25°C 0.1 BBL[1:0] = 00 108 107 0 2.9 3.0 3.1 3.2 2.7 3.3 2.8 2.9 3.0 3.1 3.2 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) RELATIVE GC1 GAIN RANGE vs. GC1 VOLTAGE RELATIVE GC2 GAIN RANGE vs. GC2 VOLTAGE TA = +85°C -20 -30 TA = +25°C -40 TA = -40°C -10 -20 -30 TA = +85°C -40 TA = +25°C -50 FIXED VGC2 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 1.0 30 20 2.0 2.5 3.0 470 0 520 CLOSED-LOOP POWER CONTROL fLO = 767.714MHz f1 = fLO - 100kHz, f2 = fLO - 200kHz -40 -60 -80 0 -100 570 620 670 720 770 INPUT RETURN LOSS vs. FREQUENCY -20 10 TA = -40°C FREQUENCY (MHz) IN-BAND IIP3 vs. INPUT POWER IN-BAND IIP3 (dBm) 40 1.5 20 MAX2160 toc07 CLOSED-LOOP POWER CONTROL TA = +25°C VGC2 (V) NOISE FIGURE vs. INPUT POWER 50 4 0 0.5 VGC1 (V) 60 5 1 FIXED VGC1 0 3.0 TA = +85°C 6 2 0 5 INPUT RETURN LOSS (dB) 0.5 770 7 3 MAX2160 toc08 0 720 8 -80 -50 670 9 TA = -40°C -70 620 10 MAX2160 toc05 0 -60 570 NOISE FIGURE vs. FREQUENCY 10 RELATIVE GC2 GAIN RANGE (dB) -10 520 FREQUENCY (MHz) SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) 0 470 3.3 NOISE FIGURE (dB) 2.8 MAX2160 toc04 2.7 110 0.4 0.2 40 RELATIVE GC1 GAIN RANGE (dB) 0.7 MAX2160 toc09 43 112 MAX2160 toc06 46 45 0.8 GAIN (dB) TA = +85°C 47 0.9 SUPPLY CURRENT (μA) SUPPLY CURRENT (mA) 48 113 MAX2160 toc02 49 VOLTAGE GAIN vs. FREQUENCY 1.0 MAX2160 toc01 50 MAX2160 toc03 RECEIVE-MODE SUPPLY CURRENT vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE NOISE FIGURE (dB) MAX2160/MAX2160EBG ISDB-T Single-Segment Low-IF Tuners 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 -100 -90 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 INPUT POWER (dBm) 6 50 -120 -100 -80 -60 -40 INPUT POWER (dBm) -20 0 470 520 570 620 670 FREQUENCY (MHz) _______________________________________________________________________________________ 720 770 ISDB-T Single-Segment Low-IF Tuners -108 -109 -110 -111 -112 -113 -20 -30 -40 -2 -3 -4 -5 -6 -7 -8 -50 -114 -9 -115 -10 -60 520 570 620 670 720 770 0 250 500 750 1000 1250 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 10001100 1500 FREQUENCY (MHz) FREQUENCY (kHz) FREQUENCY (kHz) GROUP-DELAY VARIATION vs. BASEBAND FREQUENCY IF FILTER 3dB FREQUENCY vs. TEMPERATURE PHASE NOISE AT 10kHz OFFSET vs. CHANNEL FREQUENCY 400 200 0 -200 -400 -600 4 3 1 0 -1 -3 -800 -1000 -5 FREQUENCY (kHz) UPPER 3dB CUTOFF -2 -4 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 LOWER 3dB CUTOFF 2 NORMALIZED TO TA = +25°C -40 -20 0 20 40 -80 MAX2160 toc16 600 5 PHASE NOISE AT 10kHz OFFSET (dBc/Hz) 800 MAX2160 toc14 MAX2160 toc13 1000 NORMALIZED 3dB FREQUENCY (%) 470 GROUP-DELAY VARIATION (ns) MAX2160 toc12 -1 NORMALIZED GAIN (dB) -10 NORMALIZED GAIN (dB) -107 0 MAX2160 toc11 -106 LO-TO-RFIN LEAKAGE (dBm) 0 MAX2160 toc10 -105 IF FILTER PASSBAND FREQUENCY RESPONSE IF FILTER FREQUENCY RESPONSE LO-TO-RFIN LEAKAGE vs. FREQUENCY -82 -84 -86 -88 -90 -92 -94 -96 -98 -100 60 TEMPERATURE (°C) 80 100 470 520 570 620 670 720 770 CHANNEL FREQUENCY (MHz) _______________________________________________________________________________________ 7 MAX2160/MAX2160EBG Typical Operating Characteristics (continued) (MAX2160 EV kit, TQFN package, VCC = +2.85V, default register settings, VGC1 = VCG2 = 0.3V, VIOUT = VQOUT = 0.5VP-P, fLO = 767.714MHz, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) Typical Operating Characteristics (continued) (MAX2160 EV kit, TQFN package, VCC = +2.85V, default register settings, VGC1 = VCG2 = 0.3V, VIOUT = VQOUT = 0.5VP-P, fLO = 767.714MHz, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) TUNING VOLTAGE vs. VCO FREQUENCY VCO 1, SB 0-7 VCO 2, SB 0-7 2.5 MAX2160 toc15 3.0 VCO 3, SB 0-7 VCO 4, SB 0-7 VTUNE (V) 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0 350 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750 800 850 VCO FREQUENCY (MHz) POWER-DETECTOR RESPONSE TIME PHASE NOISE vs. OFFSET FREQUENCY MAX2160 toc18 MAX2160 toc17 -50 -60 -70 PHASE NOISE (dBc/Hz) MAX2160/MAX2160EBG ISDB-T Single-Segment Low-IF Tuners B A -80 -90 -100 -110 A: LOW = -60dBm RF INPUT POWER HIGH = -20dBm RF INPUT POWER B: POWER-DETECTOR OUTPUT VOLTAGE, 0.5V/div, CLOSED-LOOP POWER-CONTROL DEFAULT ATTACK POINT 0.01μF LOOP CAPACITOR -120 -130 -140 fLO = 575.714MHz (VCO 2, SB1) -150 1 10 100 1000 200μs/div OFFSET FREQUENCY (kHz) 8 _______________________________________________________________________________________ ISDB-T Single-Segment Low-IF Tuners PIN BUMP NO. TQFN WLP 1, 11, 15, 21, 24, 28, 30, 31 29, 33, 34, 35, 36, 45, 46 N.C. 2 2 TCXO High-Impedance Buffer for External TCXO. When ENTCXO is pulled high, this input is enabled for use with an external TCXO and the internal crystal oscillator is disabled. Requires a DC-blocking capacitor. 3 11 XTAL Crystal-Oscillator Interface. When ENTCXO is pulled low, this input is enabled for use with an external parallel resonance mode crystal. See the Typical Operating Circuit. 4 — GNDXTAL Crystal-Oscillator Circuit Ground. Connect to the PC board ground plane. 5 12 VCCXTAL DC Power Supply for Crystal-Oscillator Circuits. Connect to a +2.85V low-noise supply. Bypass to GND with a 100pF capacitor connected as close to the pin as possible. Do not share capacitor ground vias with other ground connections. 6 4 XTALOUT Crystal Oscillator Buffer Output. A DC-blocking capacitor must be used when driving external circuitry. 7 5 VCCDIG 8 14 SDA 2-Wire Serial Data Interface. Requires a pullup resistor to VCC. 9 7 SCL 2-Wire Serial Clock Interface. Requires a pullup resistor to VCC. 10 19 LTC PLL Lock Time Constant. LTC sources current to an external charging capacitor to set the time constant for the VCO autoselect (VAS) function. See the Loop Time Constant Pin section in the Applications Information. 12 9 VCCBIAS DC Power Supply for Bias Circuits. Connect to a +2.85V low-noise supply. Bypass to GND with a 100pF capacitor connected as close to the pin as possible. Do not share capacitor ground vias with other ground connections. 13 17 RFIN Wideband 50Ω RF Input. Connect to an RF source through a DC-blocking capacitor. 14 22 SHDN Device Shutdown. Logic-low turns off the entire device including the 2-wire compatible bus. SHDN overrides all software shutdown modes. 16 24 VCCLNA DC Power Supply for LNA. Connect to a +2.85V low-noise supply. Bypass to GND with a 100pF capacitor connected as close to the pin as possible. Do not share capacitor ground vias with other ground connections. 17 25 GC1 RF Gain-Control Input. High-impedance analog input, with a 0.3V to 2.7V operating range. VGC1 = 0.3V corresponds to the maximum gain setting. 18 28 VCCMX DC Power Supply for RF Mixer Circuits. Connect to a +2.85V low-noise supply. Bypass to GND with a 100pF capacitor connected as close to the pin as possible. Do not share capacitor ground vias with other ground connections. 19 38 PWRDET Power-Detector Output. See the IF Power Detector section in the Applications Information. NAME DESCRIPTION No Connection. Connect to the PC board ground plane. DC Power Supply for Digital Logic Circuits. Connect to a +2.85V low-noise supply. Bypass to GND with a 100pF capacitor connected as close to the pin as possible. Do not share capacitor ground vias with other ground connections. _______________________________________________________________________________________ 9 MAX2160/MAX2160EBG Pin Description ISDB-T Single-Segment Low-IF Tuners MAX2160/MAX2160EBG Pin Description (continued) 10 PIN BUMP NO. TQFN WLP 20 39 VCCFLT DC Power Supply for Baseband Filter Circuits. Connect to a +2.85V low-noise supply. Bypass to GND with a 100pF capacitor connected as close to the pin as possible. Do not share capacitor ground vias with other ground connections. 22 37 ENTCXO XTAL/TCXO Select. Logic-high enables the TCXO input and disables the XTAL input. Logic-low disables the TCXO input and enables the XTAL input. This pin is internally pulled up to VCC. 23 47 GC2 Baseband Gain-Control Input. High-impedance analog input, with a 0.3V to 2.7V operating range. VGC2 = 0.3V corresponds to the maximum gain setting. 25 44 IOUT In-Phase Low-IF Output. Requires a DC-blocking capacitor. 26 — GNDBB 27 43 QOUT Quadrature Low-IF Output. Requires a DC-blocking capacitor. 29 41 VCCBB DC Power Supply for Baseband Circuits. Connect to a +2.85V low-noise supply. Bypass to GND with a 100pF capacitor connected as close to the pin as possible. Do not share capacitor ground vias with other ground connections. 32 30 VCOBYP Internal VCO Bias Bypass. Bypass directly to GNDVCO with a 470nF capacitor connected as close to the pin as possible. Do not share capacitor ground vias with other ground connections. See the Layout Considerations section. 33 26 VCCVCO DC Power Supply for VCO Circuits. Connect to a +2.85V low-noise supply. Bypass directly to GNDVCO with a 100pF capacitor connected as close to the pin as possible. Do not share capacitor ground vias with other ground connections. 34 23 GNDVCO VCO Circuit Ground. Connect to the PC board ground plane. See the Layout Considerations section. 35 32 VTUNE 36 20 GNDTUNE Ground for VTUNE. Connect to the PC board ground plane. See the Layout Considerations section. 37 18 TEST Test Output. Used as a test output for various internal blocks. See Table 2. 38 16 CPOUT Charge-Pump Output. Connect this output to the PLL loop filter input with the shortest connection possible. 39 10 VCCCP DC Power Supply for Charge-Pump Circuits. Connect to a +2.85V low-noise supply. Bypass to GND with a 100pF capacitor connected as close to the pin as possible. Do not share capacitor ground vias with other ground connections. 40 1 GNDCP Charge-Pump Circuit Ground. Connect to the PC board ground plane. See the Layout Considerations section. EP — GND Exposed Paddle (TQFN Only). Solder evenly to the board’s ground plane for proper operation. — 3, 6, 8, 13, 15, 27, 31, 40, 42 GND Ground. Connect to the PC board ground plane. — 21 GNDLNA NAME DESCRIPTION Ground for Baseband Circuits. Connect to the PC board ground plane. High-Impedance VCO Tune Input. Connect the PLL loop filter output directly to this pin with the shortest connection as possible. Ground for LNA. Connect to ground with trace. ______________________________________________________________________________________ ISDB-T Single-Segment Low-IF Tuners All registers must be written after power-up and no earlier than 100µs after power-up. ble registers include a test register, a PLL register, a VCO register, a control register, a XTAL divide register, an R-divider register, and two N-divider registers. The read-only registers include two status registers. Register Descriptions The MAX2160/EBG include eight programmable registers and two read-only registers. The eight programma- Table 1. Register Configuration MSB LSB REGISTER NUMBER REGISTER NAME READ/ WRITE REGISTER ADDRESS D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 1 TEST WRITE 0x00 TUN2 TUN1 TUN0 FLTS MXSD D2 D1 D0 2 PLL WRITE 0x01 CP1 CP0 CPS EPB RPD NPD TON VAS DATA BYTE D0 3 VCO WRITE 0x02 VCO1 VCO0 VSB2 VSB1 VSB0 ADL ADE LTC 4 CONTROL WRITE 0x03 MOD BBL1 BBL0 HSLS PD2 PD1 PD0 EPD 5 XTAL DIVIDE WRITE 0x04 XD4 XD3 XD2 XD1 XD0 PWDN STBY QOFF 6 R-DIVIDER WRITE 0x05 R7 R6 R5 R4 R3 R2 R1 R0 7 N-DIVIDER MSB WRITE 0x06 N12 N11 N10 N9 N8 N7 N6 N5 8 N-DIVIDER LSB WRITE 0x07 N4 N3 N2 N1 N0 X X X 9 STATUS BYTE-1 READ — X X X CP1 CP0 PWR VASA VASE 10 STATUS BYTE-2 READ — VCO1 VCO0 VSB2 VSB1 VSB0 ADC2 ADC1 ADC0 Table 2. Test Register BIT NAME BIT LOCATION (0 = LSB) RECOMMENDED DEFAULT FUNCTION Set the baseband bandpass filter center frequency. This filter’s center frequency is trimmed at the factory, but may be manually adjusted by clearing the FLTS bit and programming the TUN[2:0] bits as follows: 000 = 0.75 x fO 001 = 0.80 x fO 010 = 0.86 x fO 011 = 0.92 x fO 100 = fO (nominal center frequency of 571kHz) 101 = 1.08 x fO 110 = 1.19 x fO 111 = 1.32 x fO TUN[2:0] 7, 6, 5 000 FLTS 4 1 Selects which registers set the baseband bandpass filter center frequency. 1 = selects internal factory-set register 0 = selects manual trim register TUN[2:0] ______________________________________________________________________________________ 11 MAX2160/MAX2160EBG Detailed Description MAX2160/MAX2160EBG ISDB-T Single-Segment Low-IF Tuners Table 2. Test Register (continued) BIT NAME BIT LOCATION (0 = LSB) RECOMMENDED DEFAULT MXSD 3 0 D[2:0] 2, 1, 0 000 FUNCTION Used for factory trimming of the baseband filters. 1 = disables the quadrature mixers for filter tuning 0 = enables the quadrature mixers Control diagnostic features as follows: 000 = normal operation 001 = force charge-pump source current 010 = force charge-pump sink current 011 = force charge-pump high-impedance state 100 = power-detector RMS voltage at PWRDET 101 = N-divider output at TEST pin 110 = R-divider output at TEST pin 111 = local oscillator output at TEST pin Table 3. PLL Register BIT NAME CP[1:0] 7, 6 RECOMMENDED DEFAULT FUNCTION 11 Set the charge-pump current. 00 = ±1.5mA 01 = ±2mA 10 = ±2.5mA 11 = ±3mA CPS 5 1 Sets the charge-pump current selection mode between automatic and manual. 0 = charge-pump current is set manually through the CP[1:0] bits 1 = charge-pump current is automatically selected based on ADC read values in both VAS and manual VCO selection modes EPB 4 1 Controls the charge-pump prebias function. 0 = disables the charge-pump prebias function 1 = enables the charge-pump prebias function RPD 3 0 Sets the prebias on-time control from reference divider. 0 = 280ns 1 = 650ns NPD 2 0 Sets the prebias on-time control from VCO/LO divider. 0 = 500ns 1 = 1000ns TON 1 0 Sets the charge-pump on-time control. 0 = 2.5ns 1 = 5ns 1 Controls the VCO autoselect (VAS) function. 0 = disables the VCO autoselect function and allows manual VCO selection through the VCO[1:0] and VSB[2:0] bits 1 = enables the on-chip VCO autoselect state machine VAS 12 BIT LOCATION (0 = LSB) 0 ______________________________________________________________________________________ ISDB-T Single-Segment Low-IF Tuners BIT NAME VCO[1:0] VSB[2:0] ADL BIT LOCATION (0 = LSB) 7, 6 5, 4, 3 2 RECOMMENDED DEFAULT FUNCTION 11 Control which VCO is activated when using manual VCO programming mode. This will also serve as the starting point for the VCO autoselect mode. 00 = select VCO 0 01 = select VCO 1 10 = select VCO 2 11 = select VCO 3 011 Select a particular sub-band for each of the on-chip VCOs. Together with the VCO[2:0] bits a manual selection of a VCO and a sub-band can be made. This will also serve as the starting point for the VCO autoselect mode. 000 = select sub-band 0 001 = select sub-band 1 010 = select sub-band 2 011 = select sub-band 3 100 = select sub-band 4 101 = select sub-band 5 110 = select sub-band 6 111 = select sub-band 7 0 Enables or disables the VCO tuning voltage ADC latch when the VCO autoselect mode (VAS) is disabled. 0 = disables the ADC latch 1 = latches the ADC value ADE 1 0 Enables or disables VCO tuning voltage ADC read when the VCO autoselect mode (VAS) is disabled. 0 = disables ADC read 1 = enables ADC read LTC 0 0 Sets the source current for the VAS time constant. 0 = 1µA 1 = 2µA ______________________________________________________________________________________ 13 MAX2160/MAX2160EBG Table 4. VCO Register MAX2160/MAX2160EBG ISDB-T Single-Segment Low-IF Tuners Table 5. Control Register BIT NAME BIT LOCATION (0 = LSB) RECOMMENDED DEFAULT MOD 7 0 Sets the modulation mode and the baseband gain step. 0 = selects QAM mode and disables the 7dB gain step 1 = selects QPSK mode and adds 7dB of gain in the baseband stages FUNCTION BBL[1:0] 6, 5 10 Set the bias current for the baseband circuits to provide for fine linearity adjustments. 00 = lower linearity 01 = nominal linearity 10 = medium linearity 11 = high linearity HSLS 4 1 Selects between high-side and low-side LO injection. 0 = low-side injection 1 = high-side injection 14 PD[2:0] 3, 2, 1 011 EPD 0 0 Set the AGC attack point (at RFIN). 000 = -62dBm 001 = -60dBm 010 = -58dBm 011 = -56dBm 100 = -54dBm 101 = -52dBm 110 = -50dBm 111 = -48dBm Enables or disables the power-detector circuit. 0 = disables the power-detector circuit for low-current mode 1 = enables the power-detector circuit ______________________________________________________________________________________ ISDB-T Single-Segment Low-IF Tuners BIT NAME XD[4:0] PWDN BIT LOCATION (0 = LSB) 7–3 2 RECOMMENDED DEFAULT 00001 MAX2160/MAX2160EBG Table 6. XTAL Divide FUNCTION Set the crystal divider ratio for XTALOUT. 00000 = XTALOUT buffer disabled (off) 00001 = divide-by-1 00010 = divide-by-2 00011 = divide-by-3 00100 = divide-by-4 00101 through 11110 = all divide values from 3 (00101) to 30 (11110) 11111 = divide-by-31 0 Software power-down control. 0 = normal operation 1 = shuts down the entire chip but leaves the 2-wire bus active and maintains the current register states STBY 1 0 Software standby control. 0 = normal operation 1 = disables the signal path and frequency synthesizer leaving only the 2-wire bus, crystal oscillator, XTALOUT buffer, and XTALOUT buffer divider active QOFF 0 0 Enables and disables the Q-channel output. 0 = Q channel enabled 1 = Q channel disabled Table 7. R-Divider Register BIT NAME BIT LOCATION (0 = LSB) RECOMMENDED DEFAULT R[7:0] 7–0 0x38 FUNCTION Set the PLL reference-divider (R) number. Default R-divider value is 56 decimal. R can range from 22 to 182 decimal. Table 8. N-Divider MSB Register BIT NAME BIT LOCATION (0 = LSB) RECOMMENDED DEFAULT N[12:5] 7–0 0x53 FUNCTION Set the most significant bits of the PLL integer-divider number (N). Default integer-divider value is N = 2687 decimal. N can range from 829 to 5374. Table 9. N-Divider LSB Register BIT NAME BIT LOCATION (0 = LSB) RECOMMENDED DEFAULT N[4:0] 7–3 11111 X 2, 1, 0 X FUNCTION Set the least significant bits of the PLL integer-divider number (N). Default integer-divider value is N = 2687 decimal. N can range from 829 to 5374. Unused. ______________________________________________________________________________________ 15 MAX2160/MAX2160EBG ISDB-T Single-Segment Low-IF Tuners Table 10. Status Byte-1 Register BIT NAME BIT LOCATION (0 = LSB) X 7, 6, 5 CP[1:0] 4, 3 FUNCTION Unused. Reflect the charge-pump current setting. See Table 3 for CP[1:0] definition. PWR 2 Logic-high indicates power has been cycled, but the device has the default programming. A STOP condition while in read mode resets this bit. VASA 1 Indicates whether VCO automatic selection was successful. 0 = indicates the autoselect function is disabled or unsuccessful VCO selection 1 = indicates successful VCO automatic selection VASE 0 Status indicator for the autoselect function. 0 = indicates the autoselect function is active 1 = indicates the autoselect process is inactive Table 11. Status Byte-2 Register BIT NAME BIT LOCATION (0 = LSB) VCO[1:0] 7, 6 VSB[2:0] 5, 4, 3 Indicate which sub-band of a particular VCO has been selected by either the autoselect state machine or by manual selection when the VAS state machine is disabled. See Table 4 for VSB[2:0] definition. ADC[2:0] 2, 1, 0 Indicate the 3-bit ADC conversion of the VCO tuning voltage (VTUNE). FUNCTION Indicate which VCO has been selected by either the autoselect state machine or by manual selection when the VAS state machine is disabled. See Table 4 for VCO[1:0] definition. 2-Wire Serial Interface The MAX2160/EBG uses a 2-wire I2C-compatible serial interface consisting of a serial-data line (SDA) and a serial-clock line (SCL). SDA and SCL facilitate bidirectional communication between the MAX2160/EBG and the master at clock frequencies up to 400kHz. The master initiates a data transfer on the bus and generates the SCL signal to permit data transfer. The MAX2160/EBG behave as a slave device that transfers and receives data to and from the master. SDA and SCL must be pulled high with external pullup resistors (1kΩ or greater) for proper bus operation. One bit is transferred during each SCL clock cycle. A minimum of nine clock cycles is required to transfer a byte in or out of the MAX2160/EBG (8 bits and an ACK/NACK). The data on SDA must remain stable during the high period of the SCL clock pulse. Changes in SDA while SCL is high and stable are considered con- 16 trol signals (see the START and STOP Conditions section). Both SDA and SCL remain high when the bus is not busy. START and STOP Conditions The master initiates a transmission with a START condition (S), which is a high-to-low transition on SDA while SCL is high. The master terminates a transmission with a STOP condition (P), which is a low-to-high transition on SDA while SCL is high. Acknowledge and Not-Acknowledge Conditions Data transfers are framed with an acknowledge bit (ACK) or a not-acknowledge bit (NACK). Both the master and the MAX2160/EBG (slave) generate acknowledge bits. To generate an acknowledge, the receiving device must pull SDA low before the rising edge of the acknowledge-related clock pulse (ninth pulse) and keep it low during the high period of the clock pulse. ______________________________________________________________________________________ ISDB-T Single-Segment Low-IF Tuners Slave Address The MAX2160/EBG have a 7-bit slave address that must be sent to the device following a START condition to initiate communication. The slave address is internally programmed to 1100000. The eighth bit (R/W) following the 7-bit address determines whether a read or write operation will occur. The MAX2160/EBG continuously await a START condition followed by its slave address. When the device recognizes its slave address, it acknowledges by pulling the SDA line low for one clock period; it is ready to accept or send data depending on the R/W bit (Figure 1). SLAVE ADDRESS S 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 R/W ACK 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 P SDA SCL Figure 1. MAX2160 Slave Address Byte START WRITE DEVICE ADDRESS R/W 1100000 0 ACK WRITE REGISTER ADDRESS 0x00 ACK WRITE DATA TO REGISTER 0x00 ACK WRITE DATA TO REGISTER 0x01 0x0E 0xD8 ACK WRITE DATA TO REGISTER 0x02 ACK STOP 0xE1 Figure 2. Example: Write Registers 0 through 2 with 0x0E, 0xD8, and 0xE1, Respectively ______________________________________________________________________________________ 17 MAX2160/MAX2160EBG Write Cycle When addressed with a write command, the MAX2160/EBG allow the master to write to a single register or to multiple successive registers. A write cycle begins with the bus master issuing a START condition followed by the seven slave address bits and a write bit (R/W = 0). The MAX2160/EBG issue an ACK if the slave address byte is successfully received. The bus master must then send to the slave the address of the first register it wishes to write to (see Table 1 for register addresses). If the slave acknowledges the address, the master can then write one byte to the register at the specified address. Data is written beginning with the most significant bit. The MAX2160/EBG again issue an ACK if the data is successfully written to the register. The master can continue to write data to the successive internal registers with the MAX2160/EBG acknowledging each successful transfer, or it can terminate transmission by issuing a STOP condition. The write cycle will not terminate until the master issues a STOP condition. Figure 2 illustrates an example in which registers 0 through 2 are written with 0x0E, 0xD8, and 0xE1, respectively. To generate a not-acknowledge condition, the receiver allows SDA to be pulled high before the rising edge of the acknowledge-related clock pulse, and leaves SDA high during the high period of the clock pulse. Monitoring the acknowledge bits allows for detection of unsuccessful data transfers. An unsuccessful data transfer happens if a receiving device is busy or if a system fault has occurred. In the event of an unsuccessful data transfer, the bus master must reattempt communication at a later time. MAX2160/MAX2160EBG ISDB-T Single-Segment Low-IF Tuners START WRITE DEVICE ADDRESS R/W 1100000 1 ACK READ FROM STATUS BYTE-1 REGISTER ACK READ FROM STATUS BYTE-2 REGISTER ACK/ NACK STOP Figure 3. Example: Receive Data from Read Registers Read Cycle There are only two registers on the MAX2160/EBG that are available to be read by the master. When addressed with a read command, the MAX2160/EBG send back the contents of both read registers (STATUS BYTE-1 and STATUS BYTE-2). A read cycle begins with the bus master issuing a START condition followed by the seven slave address bits and a read bit (R/W = 1). If the slave address byte is successfully received, the MAX2160/EBG issue an ACK. The master then reads the contents of the STATUS BYTE-1 register, beginning with the most significant bit, and acknowledges if the byte is received successfully. Next, the master reads the contents of the STATUS BYTE-2 register. At this point the master can issue an ACK or NACK and then a STOP condition to terminate the read cycle. Figure 3 illustrates an example in which the read registers are read by the master. Applications Information RF Input (RFIN) The MAX2160/EBG are internally matched to 50Ω and requires a DC-blocking capacitor (see the Typical Operating Circuit). RF Gain Control (GC1) The MAX2160/EBG feature a variable-gain low-noise amplifier that provides 43dB of RF gain-control range. The voltage control (VGC1) range is 0.3V (minimum attenuation) to 2.7V (maximum attenuation). IF Power Detector The MAX2160/EBG include a true RMS power detector at the mixer output. The power-detector circuit is enabled or disabled with the EPD bit in the control register. The attack point can be set through the PD[2:0] 18 bits in the control register (see Table 5 for a summary of attack point settings). The PWRDET pin output can be configured to provide either a voltage output (directly from the RMS powerdetector stage) or current output (default) through the diagnostic bits D[2:0] in the test register. Closed-Loop RF Power Control The default mode of the IF power detector is current output mode. Closed-loop RF power control is formed by connecting the PWRDET pin directly to the GC1 pin. A shunt capacitor to ground is added to set the closedloop response time (see the Typical Operating Circuit). The recommended capacitor value of 10nF provides a response time of 0.1ms. Closed-loop RF power control can also be formed using the baseband processor and the power detector in voltage output mode. In this configuration, the processor senses the power detector’s output voltage and uses this information to drive the GC1 pin directly. Voltage output mode is enabled by setting the D[2:0] bits in the test register to 100. In voltage mode, the PWRDET pin outputs a scaled DC voltage proportional to the RF input power. For the RF input range of -62dBm to -48dBm, the DC output voltage ranges from 84mV to 420mV. High-Side and Low-Side LO Injection The MAX2160/EBG allow selection between high-side and low-side LO injection through the HSLS bit in the control register. High-side injection is the default setting (HSLS = 1). Q-Channel Shutdown The Q channel low-IF output of the MAX2160/EBG can be turned off with the QOFF bit in the XTAL divide register for use with single low-IF input demodulators (use I channel only). Turning off the Q channel reduces the supply current by approximately 3mA. ______________________________________________________________________________________ ISDB-T Single-Segment Low-IF Tuners During the selection process, the VASE bit in the STATUS BYTE-2 register is cleared to indicate the automatic selection function is active. Upon successful completion, bits VASE and VASA are set and the VCO and sub-band selected are reported in the STATUS BYTE-2 register (see Table 11). If the search is unsuccessful, VASA is cleared and VASE is set. This indicates that searching has ended but no good VCO has been found, and occurs when trying to tune to a frequency outside the VCO’s specified frequency range. Fixed IF Gain Step Charge-Pump Select (CPS) To maintain the best possible sensitivity for both QPSK and QAM signals, the MAX2160/EBG include a control bit (MOD) to increase the gain of the baseband stage by approximately 7dB. This gain step is intended to be used when receiving QPSK signals. Set the MOD bit to one in QPSK receive mode, set the MOD bit to zero in QAM receive mode. The MAX2160/EBG also allow for manual selection of the charge-pump current (CPS = 0) or automatic selection based on the final VTUNE ADC read value (CPS = 1). When in manual mode, the charge-pump current is programmed by bits CP[1:0] with the 2-wire bus. When in automatic selection mode, the CP[1:0] bits are automatically set according to the ADC table (see Tables 12 and 13). The selected charge-pump current (manually or automatically) is reported in the STATUS BYTE-1 register. VCO Autoselect (VAS) The MAX2160/EBG include four VCOs with each VCO having eight sub-bands. The local oscillator frequency can be manually selected by programming the VCO[1:0] and VSB[2:0] bits in the VCO register. The selected VCO and sub-band is reported in the STATUS BYTE-2 register (see Table 11). Alternatively, the MAX2160/EBG can be set to automatically choose a VCO and VCO sub-band. Automatic VCO selection is enabled by setting the VAS bit in the PLL register, and is initiated once the N-divider LSB register word is loaded. In the event that only the Rdivider register or N-divider MSB register word is changed, the N-divider LSB word must also be loaded (last) to initiate the VCO autoselect function. The VCO and VCO sub-band that are programmed in the VCO[1:0] and VSB[2:0] bits serve as the starting point for the automatic VCO selection process. Table 12. Charge-Pump Current Selection 3-Bit ADC The MAX2160/EBG have an internal 3-bit ADC connected to the VCO tune pin (VTUNE). This ADC can be used for checking the lock status of the VCOs. Table 13 summarizes the ADC trip points, associated charge-pump settings (when CPS = 1), and the VCO lock indication. The VCO autoselect routine will only select a VCO in the “VAS locked” range. This allows room for a VCO to drift over temperature and remain in a valid “locked” range. The ADC must first be enabled by setting the ADE bit in the VCO register. The ADC reading is latched by a subsequent programming of the ADC latch bit (ADL = 1). The ADC value is reported in the STATUS BYTE-2 register (see Table 11). Table 13. ADC Trip Points, Associated Charge-Pump Settings, and Lock Status LOCK STATUS VASA VTUNE (VT) CP[1:0] CPS CHARGE-PUMP VALUES (CP[1:0]) ADC[2:0] VAS VT < 0.41V 000 00 Out of Lock 0 0 X Values programmed with 2-wire bus 0.41V < VT < 0.6V 001 00 Locked 0 1 X Values selected by ADC read 0.6V < VT < 0.9V 010 00 VAS Locked 1 0 X Values programmed with 2-wire bus 0.9V < VT < 1.3V 011 01 VAS Locked 1 1 0 Values programmed with 2-wire bus 1.3V < VT < 1.7V 100 10 VAS Locked 1 1 1 Values selected by ADC read 1.7V < VT < 1.9V 101 11 VAS Locked 1.9V < VT < VCC - 0.41V 011 11 Locked VCC - 0.41V < VT 111 11 Out of Lock ______________________________________________________________________________________ 19 MAX2160/MAX2160EBG IF Filter Tuning The center frequency of the baseband bandpass filter is tuned to 571kHz during production at the factory. However, the factory-set trim may be bypassed and the filter’s center frequency can be adjusted through the FLTS and TUN[2:0] bits in the test register. Setting the FLTS bit sets the filter’s center frequency to the factoryset tuning, clearing the FLTS bit allows the filter’s center frequency to be adjusted with the TUN[2:0] bits (see Table 2). MAX2160/MAX2160EBG ISDB-T Single-Segment Low-IF Tuners Loop Time Constant Pin (LTC) Shutdown and Standby Modes The LTC function sets the wait time for an ADC read when in VCO autoselect mode. The time constant is set by charging an external capacitor connected to the LTC pin with a constant current source. The value of the current source can be programmed to 1µA or 2µA with the LTC bit in the VCO register (see Table 4). The LTC time constant is determined by the following equation: Time constant = CLTC x 1.7 / ILTC where: CLTC = capacitor connected from the LTC pin to ground. ILTC = 1µA (LTC = 0) or 2µA (LTC = 1). Setting CLTC equal to 1000pF gives a time constant of 1.7ms with ILTC set to 1µA and 0.85ms with ILTC set to 2µA. The MAX2160/EBG feature hardware- and softwarecontrolled shutdown mode as well as a software-controlled standby mode. Driving the SHDN pin low with bit EPD = 0 places the device in hardware shutdown mode. In this mode, the entire device including the 2wire-compatible interface is turned off and the supply current drops to less than 10µA. The hardware shutdown pin overrides the software shutdown and standby modes. Setting the PWDN bit in the XTAL divide register enables power-down mode. In this mode, all circuitry except for the 2-wire-compatible bus is disabled, allowing for programming of the MAX2160/EBGs’ registers while in shutdown. Setting the STBY bit in the XTAL divide register puts the device into standby mode, during which only the 2-wire-compatible bus, the crystal oscillator, the XTAL buffer, and the XTAL buffer-divider are active. ENTCXO In all cases, register settings loaded prior to entering shutdown are saved upon transition back to active mode. Default register values are loaded only when VCC is applied from a no-VCC state. The various powerdown modes are summarized in Table 15. Supply current fluctuations for nondefault register settings are shown in Table 16. The MAX2160/EBG have both an integrated crystal oscillator and a separate TCXO buffer amplfier. The ENTCXO pin controls which reference source is used (see Table 14). XTALOUT Divider A reference buffer/divider is provided for driving external devices. The divider can be set for any division ratio from 1 to 31 by programming the XD[4:0] bits in the XTAL divide register (see Table 6). The buffer can be disabled by setting XD[4:0] to all zeros. Table 14. Reference Source Selection ENTCXO FUNCTION VCC The TCXO input is enabled for use with an external TCXO GND The XTAL input is enabled for use with an external crystal Diagnostic Modes and Test Pin The MAX2160/EBG have several diagnostic modes that are controlled by the D[2:0] bits in the test register (see Table 2). The local oscillator can be directed to the TEST pin for LO measurements by setting the D[2:0] bits to all ones. In this mode, the supply current will increase by approximately 10mA. The TEST pin requires a 10kΩ pullup resistor to VCC for proper operation. Table 15. Power-Down Modes POWER-DOWN CONTROL MODE CIRCUIT STATES SHDN PIN PWDN BIT STBY BIT SIGNAL PATH 2-WIRE INTERFACE XTAL Normal VCC 0 0 ON ON ON DESCRIPTION All circuits active Shutdown GND X X OFF OFF OFF All circuits disabled Power-Down VCC 1 0 OFF ON OFF 2-wire interface is active Standby VCC 0 1 OFF ON ON 2-wire interface, XTAL, and XTAL buffer/divider are active 20 ______________________________________________________________________________________ ISDB-T Single-Segment Low-IF Tuners MODE BIT CHANGE TYPICAL ICC TYPICAL ΔICC FROM NOMINAL Default register settings 46.5mA — QOFF = 1 (Q channel off) — -3.3mA BBL[1:0] = 00 (lower linearity) — -2mA BBL[1:0] = 01 (nominal linearity) — -1mA BBL[1:0] = 11 (high linearity) — +1mA MOD = 1 (7dB baseband gain step enabled) — +0.3mA Receive EPD = 1 (power detector enabled) — +1mA EPB = 0 (charge-pump prebias disabled) — +5.1mA XD[4:0] = 00000 (XTALOUT buffer disabled) — -40µA Shutdown SHDN = GND 1µA — Standby STBY = 1 2.2mA — Power-Down PWDN = 1 13.5µA — Layout Considerations The EV kit serves as a guide for PC board layout. Keep RF signal lines as short as possible to minimize losses and radiation. Use controlled impedance on all highfrequency traces. For proper operation of the TQFN package, the exposed paddle must be soldered evenly to the board’s ground plane. Use abundant vias beneath the exposed paddle for maximum heat dissipation. Use abundant ground vias between RF traces to minimize undesired coupling. Bypass each VCC pin to ground with a 100pF capacitor placed as close to the pin as possible. In addition, the ground returns for the VCO, VTUNE, and charge pump require special layout consideration. The VCOBYP capacitor (C37) and the VCCVCO bypass capacitor (C19) ground returns must be routed back to the GNDVCO pin and then connected to the overall ground plane at that point (GNDVCO). All loop filter component grounds (C27–C30) and the VCCCP bypass capacitor (C17) ground must all be routed together back to the GNDCP pin. GNDTUNE must also be routed back to the GNDCP pin along with all other grounds from the PLL loop filter. The GNDCP pin must then be connected to the overall ground plane. Figure 4 shows a schematic drawing of the required layout connections. Refer to the MAX2160 evaluation kit for a recommended board layout. R21 ROUTE GNDTUNE, C17, AND ALL LOOP FILTER COMPONENT GROUNDS TO GNDCP. R22 C29 VCC C30 R20 C28 VCC C27 ROUTE C19 AND C37 TO GNDVCO. C17 C19 CONNECT GNDVCO TO THE BOARD'S GROUND PLANE. CONNECT GNDCP TO THE BOARD'S GROUND PLANE. 40 39 38 37 36 35 34 33 32 GNDCP VCCCP CPOUT TEST GNDTUNE VTUNE GNDVCO VCCVCO VCOBYP C37 Figure 4. Ground Return Layout Connections for the VCO, Charge Pump, and VTUNE ______________________________________________________________________________________ 21 MAX2160/MAX2160EBG Table 16. Typical Supply Current Fluctuations for Nondefault Register Settings ISDB-T Single-Segment Low-IF Tuners MAX2160/MAX2160EBG Pin Configurations/Functional Diagrams (continued) TOP VIEW 41 32 VCCBB VTUNE 42 33 GND N.C. 30 23 26 20 VCOBYP VCCVCO GNDVCO GNDTUNE 16 1 CPOUT GNDCP 10 43 34 29 N.C. N.C. 44 11 3 XTAL GND 12 4 MAX2160EBG+ QOUT VCCXTAL XTALOUT 18 35 IOUT 2 VCCCP TCXO 45 N.C. ALIGNMENT MARK (NOT BUMPED) 36 N.C. N.C. TEST 13 5 GND VCCDIG 22 19 14 6 SHDN LTC SDA GND 46 37 15 7 N.C. ENTCXO GND SCL 47 38 GC2 PWRDET 28 25 8 VCCMX GC1 GND 40 39 31 27 GND VCCFLT GND GND 24 21 VCCLNA GNDLNA 17 9 RFIN VCCBIAS WLP 22 ______________________________________________________________________________________ ISDB-T Single-Segment Low-IF Tuners R21 R22 C28 C29 C30 R20 C27 VCC VCC C19 C17 40 1 SCL SERIAL-DATA INPUT/OUTPUT C18 LTC N.C. VCOBYP VCCVCO 25 6 7 8 9 10 SERIAL-CLOCK INPUT N.C. 11 VCC 24 12 MAX2160 23 PWRDET EP 22 21 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 VCCBB C16 N.C. C22 QOUT GNDBB QUADRATURE OUTPUT (OPTIONAL) C21 IOUT IN-PHASE OUTPUT N.C. R18 GC2 VGC2 C15 ENTCXO N.C. 20 VCC C12 C7 GNDVCO VTUNE GNDTUNE TEST CPOUT 26 VCC N.C. VCCFLT R13 ÷ 5 PWRDET R12 29 VCCMX SDA 31 28 GC1 C5 32 TANK VCCLNA VCCDIG 33 27 N.C. XTALOUT BUFFERED CRYSTAL OUTPUT 34 4 SHDN C3 C4 35 DIV4 RFIN VCCXTAL VCC 36 30 3 INTERFACE LOGIC AND CONTROL GNDXTAL 37 ADC XTAL 38 FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER TCXO 2 VCC 39 VCCBIAS N.C. VCCCP GNDCP C37 VCC VCC C9 RF INPUT C10 C8 ON C14 SHDN OFF NOTE: SHOWN FOR TQFN PACKAGE. Chip Information TRANSISTOR COUNT: 23,510 PROCESS: BiCMOS ______________________________________________________________________________________ 23 MAX2160/MAX2160EBG Typical Operating Circuit MAX2160/MAX2160EBG ISDB-T Single-Segment Low-IF Tuners Package Information For the latest package outline information and land patterns, go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages. Note that a “+”, “#”, or “-” in the package code indicates RoHS status only. Package drawings may show a different suffix character, but the drawing pertains to the package regardless of RoHS status. PACKAGE TYPE 24 PACKAGE CODE DOCUMENT NO. 40 Thin QFN-EP T4066-2 21-0141 WLP B08133+1 21-0173 ______________________________________________________________________________________ ISDB-T Single-Segment Low-IF Tuners REVISION NUMBER REVISION DATE 4 12/06 — 5 10/09 Corrected Charge-Pump Output Current limits for bits CP[1:0] = 01 in Electrical Characteristics table DESCRIPTION PAGES CHANGED 1, 2, 3, 24, 25 4 Maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim product. No circuit patent licenses are implied. Maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time. Maxim Integrated Products, 120 San Gabriel Drive, Sunnyvale, CA 94086 408-737-7600 ____________________ 25 © 2009 Maxim Integrated Products Maxim is a registered trademark of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc. MAX2160/MAX2160EBG Revision History