ETC LNK405EG

Title
Reference Design Report for a 12 W NonIsolated, Buck Topology, Power Factor
Corrected, LED Driver Using LinkSwitchTM-PH
LNK405EG
Specification
90 VAC – 265 VAC Input; 36 V, 330 mA Output
Application
LED Driver
Author
Applications Engineering Department
Document
Number
RDR-257
Date
January 6, 2011
Revision
1.0
Summary and Features
 Dramatically simplifies off-line, power factor corrected, LED driver design
 Single-stage, power factor corrected, non-isolated LED driver
 Compact with extremely low component count
 High power factor >0.9 across line and load
 Very high efficiency >85%, 87% typical
 Low THD, <20% at 230 VAC
 No output current sensing required
 Advanced performance features
 Compensates for inductance tolerance
 Compensates for input voltage variations
 Compensates for output voltage variations
 Frequency jittering greatly reduces EMI filter costs
 Advanced protection and safety features
 Auto-restart protection for short-circuit
 Hysteretic thermal shutdown
PATENT INFORMATION
The products and applications illustrated herein (including transformer construction and circuits external to the products) may be covered
by one or more U.S. and foreign patents, or potentially by pending U.S. and foreign patent applications assigned to Power Integrations. A
complete list of Power Integrations' patents may be found at www.powerint.com. Power Integrations grants its customers a license under
certain patent rights as set forth at <http://www.powerint.com/ip.htm>.
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RDR-257 12 W Non-isolated BUCK LED Driver Using LNK405EG
06-Jan-11
Table of Contents
1
2
3
4
5
6
Introduction................................................................................................................. 4
Power Supply Specification ........................................................................................ 7
Schematic................................................................................................................... 8
Circuit Description ...................................................................................................... 9
PCB Layout ...............................................................................................................10
Bill of Materials ..........................................................................................................11
6.1
Electrical.............................................................................................................11
6.2
Optional OVP Circuit ..........................................................................................11
6.3
Mechanical .........................................................................................................12
7 Heat Sink Assembly ..................................................................................................13
8 Inductor Specification ................................................................................................14
8.1
Electrical Diagram ..............................................................................................14
8.2
Electrical Specifications......................................................................................14
8.3
Materials.............................................................................................................14
8.4
Inductor Build Diagram .......................................................................................14
9 Performance Data .....................................................................................................15
9.1
Efficiency ............................................................................................................15
9.2
Line and Load Regulation...................................................................................16
9.3
Power Factor ......................................................................................................17
9.4
THD ....................................................................................................................18
9.5
Harmonics ..........................................................................................................19
9.6
Test Data............................................................................................................21
9.6.1
Test Data, 13 LED Load.............................................................................21
9.6.2
Test Data, 12 LED Load.............................................................................21
9.6.3
Test Data, 11 LED Load.............................................................................21
9.6.4
230 VAC, 50 Hz Harmonics Data, PIN = 14.529 W.....................................22
9.6.5
115 VAC, 60 Hz Harmonics Data, PIN = 13.96 W.......................................23
10 Waveforms ................................................................................................................24
10.1 Input Line Current...............................................................................................24
10.2 Drain Voltage and Current Normal Operation.....................................................25
10.3 Drain Voltage and Current Start-up Operation ...................................................26
10.4 Output Current, Normal Condition, VOUT ~ 36 V .................................................27
10.5 Output Current Ripple, VOUT ~ 36 V....................................................................28
10.6 Output Current and Voltage at Power-up, Power-down .....................................29
10.7 Output Short .......................................................................................................30
10.8 Open Load/LED Condition..................................................................................30
11 Thermal Measurements.............................................................................................31
11.1 Thermal Test Set-up...........................................................................................31
11.2 Thermal Test Results .........................................................................................31
12 Conducted EMI Measurements .................................................................................32
12.1 Conducted EMI Test Set-up ...............................................................................32
12.1.1 Configuration A: Solder Side of Driver Facing Grounded T8 Fixture..........32
12.1.2 Configuration B: Component Side of Driver Facing Grounded T8 Fixture..33
12.2 Conducted EMI Test Results..............................................................................34
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06-Jan-11
RDR-257 12 W Non-isolated BUCK LED Driver Using LNK405EG
12.3 Configuration A Conducted Emission ................................................................ 34
12.4 Configuration B Conducted Emission ................................................................ 36
13 Power Line Transient Tests ...................................................................................... 38
14 Revision History........................................................................................................ 39
Important Note:
Although this board is designed to satisfy safety isolation requirements, the engineering
prototype has not been agency approved. Therefore, all testing should be performed
using an isolation transformer to provide the AC input to the prototype board.
Page 3 of 40
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RDR-257 12 W Non-isolated BUCK LED Driver Using LNK405EG
06-Jan-11
1 Introduction
The document describes a non-isolated, power-factor corrected, low THD, high efficiency
LED driver designed to drive an LED string with a nominal voltage of 36 V at a current of
330 mA from an input voltage range of 90 VAC to 265 VAC. It is designed to fit inside a
T8 tube fixture.
The LinkSwitch-PH has been developed to cost effectively design a single-stage power
factor corrected LED driver with primary-side constant current control. The LinkSwitch-PH
controller was optimized for LED driver applications with minimal external parts count and
control of the output current through the LED load without the use of an optocoupler.
The LinkSwitch-PH monolithically integrates the 725 V power MOSFET and controller.
The controller consists of an oscillator, PWM, 6 V regulator, BYPASS pin programming
functions, over-temperature protection, frequency jittering, cycle-by-cycle current limit,
leading edge blanking, and charge controller for output CC (constant-current) control.
The LinkSwitch-PH also provides a sophisticated range of protection features including
auto-restart for control loop open/short faults and output short-circuit conditions. Accurate
hysteretic thermal shutdown ensures safe average PCB temperatures under all
conditions.
The non-isolated power factor corrected buck presented in this report shows how
LinkSwitch-PH dramatically simplifies off-line, high-efficiency, power factor corrected LED
driver design with very low parts count.
This document contains the LED driver specification, schematic, PCB diagram, bill of
materials, conducted EMI measurements, thermal measurements, power line transient
tests, inductor documentation and typical performance characteristics.
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06-Jan-11
RDR-257 12 W Non-isolated BUCK LED Driver Using LNK405EG
Figure 1 – Populated Circuit Board Photograph.
Figure 2 – Populated Circuit Board Photograph, Top.
Page 5 of 40
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RDR-257 12 W Non-isolated BUCK LED Driver Using LNK405EG
06-Jan-11
Figure 3 – Populated Circuit Board Photograph, Bottom.
Figure 4 – Side View Showing SCR Rework.
Note: The SCR on this board has been replaced with a higher current surge rating
SCR for improved reliability during open load conditions. The original footprint on
the board caters for a TO-92 package and the board will be revised to fit the TO-251
package on a future revision.
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06-Jan-11
RDR-257 12 W Non-isolated BUCK LED Driver Using LNK405EG
2 Power Supply Specification
The table below represents the minimum acceptable performance of the design. Actual
performance is listed in the results section.
Description
Input
Voltage
Frequency
Output
LED Voltage
LED Current
Total Output Power
Continuous Output Power
Symbol
Min
Typ
Max
Units
Comment
VIN
fLINE
90
47
265
63
VAC
Hz
2 Wire – no P.E.
50/60
VOUT
30
38
V
mA
36
330
12
POUT
W
Environmental
Conducted EMI
Meets CISPR22B / EN55022B
Safety
Non isolated
Line Transient
2.5
Efficiency
Class C
Power Factor
Page 7 of 40
Ringwave (500 A)
85
Harmonic
Ambient Temperature
kV
61000-3-2
0.9
TAMB
25
o
C
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RDR-257 12 W Non-isolated BUCK LED Driver Using LNK405EG
06-Jan-11
3 Schematic
Figure 5 – Schematic.
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RDR-257 12 W Non-isolated BUCK LED Driver Using LNK405EG
4 Circuit Description
The LinkSwitch-PH (U1) is a highly integrated primary side controller intended for use in
LED driver applications. The LinkSwitch-PH provides high power factor in a single-stage
conversion topology while regulating the output current in a wide range of input and
output voltage variations typical in LED driver application environment. All of the control
circuitry responsible for these functions plus a high-voltage power MOSFET is
incorporated into the device.
Capacitor C1, C2, and differential choke L1, and L2 perform EMI filtering while
maintaining high-power factor. This input filter network plus the frequency jittering feature
of LinkSwitch-PH allows compliance to Class B emission limits. Resistor R1 and R2 were
used to damp the resonance of the EMI filter, preventing peaks in EMI.
The buck power circuit with floating output connection composed of U1 (power switch +
control), D2 (free-wheeling diode), C5 (output capacitor), and L3 (output inductor). Diode
D3 was used to prevent negative voltage appearing across drain-source of U1 especially
near the zero-crossing of the input voltage. Diode D1 and C3 detect the peak AC line
voltage. The voltage across C3 along with R3, R4, and R5 sets current fed into the V pin.
This current is used by U1 to control line undervoltage (UV), overvoltage (OV), and
provide feed-forward current which in conjunction with the FEEDBACK pin current
provides constant current to the LED load.
The FEEDBACK pin current used by U1 for output voltage feedback is provided by the
voltage to current converter network formed by R7-R10, Q1, C6, and D4. Output voltage
is converted to feedback current by the following relation:
I F B  k  VOUT where
1
R8
k
*
R7 R8  R9
The voltage across R8 was chosen to be high enough to eliminate or minimize the effect
of the temperature and VCE dependence on the VBE voltage of Q1
The board also has an optional OVP circuit formed by VR1, SCR1, R11 and C7. During
open load condition SCR1 will conduct and force U1 to enter into auto-restart condition.
Page 9 of 40
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RDR-257 12 W Non-isolated BUCK LED Driver Using LNK405EG
06-Jan-11
5 PCB Layout
Figure 6 – Printed Circuit Layout,, Top, 2” (50.8 mm) x 0.95” (24.1 mm).
Figure 7 – Printed Circuit Layout,, Bottom.
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06-Jan-11
RDR-257 12 W Non-isolated BUCK LED Driver Using LNK405EG
6 Bill of Materials
6.1
Electrical
Item
Qty
Ref
Des
Description
1
1
BR1
1000 V, 0.8 A, Bridge Rectifier, SMD, MBS-1, 4-SOIC
2
1
C1
3
1
C2
4
1
C3
2.2 F, 400 V, Electrolytic, (6.3 x 11)
TAB2GM2R2E110
LTEC
5
1
C4
10 F, 25 V, Ceramic, X7R, 1206
ECJ-3YB1E106M
Panasonic
6
1
C5
220 F, 50 V, Electrolytic, Very Low ESR, 42 m,
(10 x 16)
EKZE500ELL221MJ16S
Nippon Chemi-Con
7
1
C6
1 F, 100 V, Ceramic, X7R, 1206
ECJ-3YB1E105K
Panasonic
8
1
D1
1000 V, 1 A, Rectifier, Glass Passivated, DO-213AA
(MELF)
DL4007-13-F
Diodes Inc
9
1
D2
400 V, 1 A, Ultrafast Recovery, 35 ns, SMB Case
US1G
Diodes Inc
10
1
D3
100 V, 1 A, Ultrafast Recovery, 25 ns, DO-214AC
ES1B-13-F
Diodes Inc
11
1
D4
100 V, 0.2 A, Fast Switching, 50 ns, SOD-323
BAV19WS-7-F
Diode Inc.
12
1
F1
3.15 A, 250 V, Slow, RST
507-1181
Belfuse
13
2
L1 L2
14
1
L3
EE13 680 H Inductor
PNP, Small Signal BJT, 500 V, 0.15 A, SOT23
15
1
Q1
16
2
R1 R2
17
2
R3 R4
18
1
19
1
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
6.2
Mfg Part Number
Mfg
B10S-G
Comchip
100 nF, 630 V, Film
ECQ-E6104KF
Panasonic
100 nF, 400 V, Film
ECQ-E4104KF
Panasonic
2.2 mH, 0.19 A, Ferrite Core
CTCH895F-222K
CTParts
SNX R1551
Santronics USA
FMMT560TA
Zetex
10 k, 5%, 1/4 W, Thick Film, 1206
ERJ-8GEYJ103V
Panasonic
2.00 M, 1%, 1/4 W, Thick Film, 1206
ERJ-8ENF2004V
Panasonic
R5
1.00 M, 1%, 1/16 W, Thick Film, 0603
ERJ-3EKF1004V
Panasonic
R6
24.9 k, 1%, 1/16 W, Thick Film, 0603
ERJ-3EKF2492V
Panasonic
1
R7
76.8 k, 1%, 1/16 W, Thick Film, 0603
ERJ-3EKF7682V
Panasonic
1
R8
34.8 k, 1%, 1/16 W, Thick Film, 0603
ERJ-3EKF3482V
Panasonic
1
R9
90.9 k, 1%, 1/16 W, Thick Film, 0603
ERJ-3EKF9092V
Panasonic
1
R10
47 k, 5%, 1/10 W, Thick Film, 0603
ERJ-3GEYJ473V
Panasonic
1
R12
0 , 5%, 1/4 W, Thick Film, 1206
ERJ-8GEY0R00V
Panasonic
1
RV1
275 V, 23 J, 7 mm, RADIAL
V275LA4P
Littlefuse
1
U1
LinkSwitch-PH, LNK405EG, eSIP
LNK405EG
Power Integrations
Optional OVP Circuit
Item
Qty
Ref
Des
Description
Mfg Part Number
Mfg
1
1
VR1
47 V, 5%, 500 mW, DO-35
1N5261B-T
Diodes Inc
2
1
SCR1
SCR, 400 V, 10 A, TO-251
S4010VS3
LittelFuse
3
1
R11
10 k, 5%, 1/10 W, Thick Film, 0603
ERJ-3GEYJ103V
Panasonic
4
1
C7
10 nF 50 V, Ceramic, X7R, 0603
ECJ-1VB1H103K
Panasonic
Page 11 of 40
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RDR-257 12 W Non-isolated BUCK LED Driver Using LNK405EG
6.3
06-Jan-11
Mechanical
Item
Qty
Ref Des
Description
Mfg Part Number
Mfg
1
1
HSK
RD257_HSK
2
1
SCREW1
3
1
ESIP
CLIP1
Heat sink Hardware, Edge Clip 16.5 mm L x 7.5 mm W x 0.5 mm H
4
1
NUT1
Nut, Hex 4-40, SS
5
1
TE1
Terminal, Eyelet, Tin Plated Brass, Zierick PN 190
190
Zierick
6
1
TP1
Test Point, WHT, Miniature THRU-HOLE MOUNT
5002
Keystone
7
2
TP2 TP4
Test Point, BLK, Miniature THRU-HOLE MOUNT
5001
Keystone
8
1
TP3
Test Point, RED, Miniature THRU-HOLE MOUNT
5000
Keystone
SCREW MACHINE PHIL Flat head 4-40 X 1/4 SS
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PH-3
Page 12 of 40
06-Jan-11
RDR-257 12 W Non-isolated BUCK LED Driver Using LNK405EG
7 Heat Sink Assembly
Figure 8 – Heat Sink Dimensions.
Figure 9 – Heat Sink Assembly Drawing.
Page 13 of 40
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RDR-257 12 W Non-isolated BUCK LED Driver Using LNK405EG
06-Jan-11
8 Inductor Specification
8.1
Electrical Diagram
Figure 10 – Inductor Electrical Diagram.
8.2
Electrical Specifications
Inductance
Resonant Frequency
8.3
680 H ±5%
1 MHz (Min.)
Materials
Item
[1]
[2]
[3]
[4]
8.4
Pins 1-3, all other windings open, measured at 66 kHz,
0.4 VRMS
Pins 1-3, all other windings open
Description
Core: PC44 EE13 (NC2H)
Bobbin: EE13, Vertical, 10 pins, 5/5.
Magnet Wire: #29 AWG.
Tape: 3M 1298 Polyester Film, 7.5 mm wide.
Inductor Build Diagram
Figure 11 – Inductor Build Diagram.
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06-Jan-11
RDR-257 12 W Non-isolated BUCK LED Driver Using LNK405EG
9 Performance Data
The following data were measured using 3 sets of load (i.e. 11, 12, and 13 LED strings to
represent the load range of 30 V ~ 36 V output voltage). Refer to the table on Section 9.6
for the complete set of test data values. All measurements performed at room
temperature.
9.1
Efficiency
88.5
13 LED String
12 LED String
11 LED String
88.0
Efficiency (%)
87.5
87.0
86.5
86.0
85.5
85.0
85
100
115
130 145
160 175
190
205 220
235
250 265
Input Voltage (VAC)
Figure 12 – Efficiency vs. Load and Input Voltage.
Page 15 of 40
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280
RDR-257 12 W Non-isolated BUCK LED Driver Using LNK405EG
9.2
Line and Load Regulation
360
13 LED String
12 LED String
11 LED String
350
Output Current (mA)
06-Jan-11
340
330
320
310
300
85
100
115
130
145
160
175
190
205
220
235
250
265
280
Input Voltage (VAC)
Figure 13 – Regulation vs. Load and Input Voltage.
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06-Jan-11
9.3
RDR-257 12 W Non-isolated BUCK LED Driver Using LNK405EG
Power Factor
1.00
13 LED String
12 LED String
11 LED String
0.99
Power Factor
0.98
0.97
0.96
0.95
0.94
0.93
85
100
115
130
145
160
175
190
205
220
235
250
265
Input Voltage (VAC)
Figure 14 – Power Factor vs. Load and Input Voltage.
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RDR-257 12 W Non-isolated BUCK LED Driver Using LNK405EG
9.4
06-Jan-11
THD
23.5
13 LED String
12 LED String
11 LED String
21.5
THD (A/%)
19.5
17.5
15.5
13.5
11.5
9.5
7.5
85
100
115
130
145
160
175
190
205
220
235
250
265
280
Input Voltage (VAC)
Figure 15 – THD vs. Load and Input Voltage.
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RDR-257 12 W Non-isolated BUCK LED Driver Using LNK405EG
9.5 Harmonics
Per IEC 61000-3-2 (2005) for Class C compliance for an active input power <25 W
requires meeting Class D limits. Where Figures 15 and 16 show Class D limits these are
intended to show the limits for Class C compliance (Class D limits).
60
Class D Limit
RD-257 Harmonic Data at 230 VAC
Harmonic Current (mA)
50
40
30
20
10
0
3
5
7
9
11
13
15
17
19
21
23
25
27
29
31
33
35
37
Harmonic Order
Figure 16 – 230 VAC Input, 50 HZ Current Harmonics.
Page 19 of 40
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RDR-257 12 W Non-isolated BUCK LED Driver Using LNK405EG
100
06-Jan-11
Class D Limit
RD-257 Harmonic Data at 115 VAC
90
Harmonic Current (mA)
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
3
5
7
9
11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35 37 39
Harmonic Order
Figure 17 – 115 VAC Input, 60 Hz Current Harmonics.
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RDR-257 12 W Non-isolated BUCK LED Driver Using LNK405EG
9.6 Test Data
All measurements were taken with the board at open frame, 25˚C ambient
9.6.1 Test Data, 13 LED Load
VIN
(VAC)
FLINE
(Hz)
PIN,
(W)
PF
A-THD
(%)
IOUT
(mA)
VOUT
(V)
POUT
(W)
Efficiency
(%)
90
100
115
132
185
200
230
240
265
60
60
60
60
50
50
50
50
50
13.68
13.87
14.12
14.31
14.55
14.52
14.46
14.43
14.32
0.991
0.993
0.993
0.990
0.980
0.975
0.963
0.959
0.945
12.99
11.13
10.64
12.03
16.20
17.30
19.33
19.97
21.12
318.1
324.2
331.3
336.6
341.5
340.7
337.8
336.6
332.6
36.99
37.00
37.03
37.04
37.03
37.01
37.02
37.01
37.00
11.91
12.14
12.40
12.59
12.79
12.76
12.65
12.59
12.43
87.1
87.5
87.8
88.0
87.9
87.8
87.5
87.3
86.8
9.6.2 Test Data, 12 LED Load
VIN
(VAC)
FLINE
(Hz)
PIN,
(W)
PF
A-THD
(%)
IOUT
(mA)
VOUT
(V)
POUT
(W)
Efficiency
(%)
90
100
115
132
185
200
230
240
265
60
60
60
60
50
50
50
50
50
12.45
12.75
13.07
13.33
13.72
13.74
13.74
13.73
13.69
0.992
0.993
0.992
0.989
0.978
0.973
0.961
0.957
0.942
11.38
10.39
10.75
12.35
16.47
17.66
19.33
19.88
20.97
311.2
319.6
328.2
335.0
343.3
343.0
341.5
340.5
337.6
34.53
34.56
34.59
34.62
34.60
34.62
34.62
34.59
34.61
10.89
11.18
11.48
11.73
12.03
12.02
11.95
11.92
11.82
87.4
87.7
87.9
88.0
87.6
87.5
87.0
86.8
86.3
9.6.3 Test Data, 11 LED Load
VIN
(VAC)
FLINE
(Hz)
PIN,
(W)
PF
A-THD
(%)
IOUT
(mA)
VOUT
(V)
POUT
(W)
Efficiency
(%)
90
100
115
132
185
200
230
240
265
60
60
60
60
50
50
50
50
50
11.67
11.88
12.16
12.39
12.80
12.84
12.91
12.92
12.93
0.993
0.993
0.991
0.988
0.976
0.971
0.958
0.953
0.937
10.48
10.04
11.05
12.82
16.79
17.87
19.34
19.72
20.63
316.4
322.9
331.0
337.9
346.5
346.8
346.7
346.2
344.1
31.67
31.69
31.72
31.71
31.72
31.72
31.71
31.71
31.73
10.15
10.37
10.64
10.84
11.14
11.15
11.15
11.13
11.06
86.9
87.3
87.5
87.5
87.1
86.9
86.3
86.1
85.5
Page 21 of 40
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RDR-257 12 W Non-isolated BUCK LED Driver Using LNK405EG
06-Jan-11
9.6.4 230 VAC, 50 Hz Harmonics Data, PIN = 14.529 W
9.6.4.1 EN61000-3-2
n
Measured
(mA)
1
2
3
5
7
9
11
13
15
17
19
21
23
25
27
29
31
33
35
37
39
64.070
0.050
8.630
5.750
3.120
2.080
1.960
1.870
1.890
1.830
1.960
1.440
1.340
1.030
0.870
0.730
0.610
0.590
0.470
0.580
0.640
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Base I
Harmonics
(mA/W)
230 V
Limit
(mA)
Remarks
3.40000
1.90000
1.00000
0.50000
0.35000
0.29615
0.25667
0.22647
0.20263
0.18333
0.16739
0.15400
0.14259
0.13276
0.12419
0.11667
0.11000
0.10405
0.09872
49.399
27.605
14.529
7.265
5.085
4.303
3.729
3.290
2.944
2.664
2.432
2.237
2.072
1.929
1.804
1.695
1.598
1.512
1.434
Pass
Pass
Pass
Pass
Pass
Pass
Pass
Pass
Pass
Pass
Pass
Pass
Pass
Pass
Pass
Pass
Pass
Pass
Pass
Page 22 of 40
06-Jan-11
RDR-257 12 W Non-isolated BUCK LED Driver Using LNK405EG
9.6.5 115 VAC, 60 Hz Harmonics Data, PIN = 13.96 W
9.6.5.1 EN61000-3-2
Page 23 of 40
n
Measured
(mA)
1
2
3
5
7
9
11
13
15
17
19
21
23
25
27
29
31
33
35
37
39
121.260
0.210
4.450
4.060
6.110
6.150
5.210
3.470
1.900
2.110
2.060
1.960
1.790
1.270
0.770
0.480
0.540
0.870
0.960
0.890
0.540
Base I
Harmonics
(mA/W)
115 V
Limit
(mA)
Remarks
3.40000
1.90000
1.00000
0.50000
0.35000
0.29615
0.25667
0.22647
0.20263
0.18333
0.16739
0.15400
0.14259
0.13276
0.12419
0.11667
0.11000
0.10405
0.09872
94.928
53.048
27.920
13.960
9.772
8.269
7.166
6.323
5.657
5.119
4.674
4.300
3.981
3.707
3.467
3.257
3.071
2.905
2.756
Pass
Pass
Pass
Pass
Pass
Pass
Pass
Pass
Pass
Pass
Pass
Pass
Pass
Pass
Pass
Pass
Pass
Pass
Pass
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RDR-257 12 W Non-isolated BUCK LED Driver Using LNK405EG
06-Jan-11
10 Waveforms
10.1 Input Line Current
Figure 18 – 90 VAC 60 Hz, Full Load.
Upper: IIN, 100 mA / div.
Lower: VIN, 100 V, 10 ms / div.
Figure 19 – 115 VAC 60 Hz, Full Load.
Upper: IIN, 100 mA / div.
Lower: VIN, 100 V, 10 ms / div.
Figure 20 – 230 VAC 50 Hz, Full Load.
Upper: IIN, 50 mA / div.
Lower: VIN, 100 V, 10 ms / div.
Figure 21 – 265 VAC 50 Hz, Full Load.
Upper: IIN, 50 mA / div.
Lower: VIN, 100 V, 10 ms / div.
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Page 24 of 40
06-Jan-11
RDR-257 12 W Non-isolated BUCK LED Driver Using LNK405EG
10.2 Drain Voltage and Current Normal Operation
Figure 22 – 90 VAC 60 Hz, Full Load.
Upper: IDRAIN, 500 mA / div.
Lower: VDRAIN, 50 V, 5 ms / div.
Figure 23 – 90 VAC 60 Hz, Full Load.
Upper: IDRAIN, 500 mA / div.
Lower: VDRAIN, 50 V, 5 μs / div.
Figure 24 – 265 VAC 50 Hz, Full Load.
Upper: IDRAIN, 500 mA / div.
Lower: VDRAIN, 100 V, 5 ms / div.
Figure 25 – 265 VAC 50 Hz, Full Load.
Upper: IDRAIN, 500 mA / div.
Lower: VDRAIN, 100 V, 5 μs / div.
Page 25 of 40
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RDR-257 12 W Non-isolated BUCK LED Driver Using LNK405EG
06-Jan-11
10.3 Drain Voltage and Current Start-up Operation
Figure 26 – 265 VAC 50 Hz, 0˚Full Load Start-up.
Upper: IDRAIN, 500 mA / div.
Lower: VDRAIN, 100 V, 2 ms / div.
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Figure 27 – 265 VAC 50 Hz, 90˚Full Load Start-up.
Upper: IDRAIN, 500 mA / div.
Lower: VDRAIN, 100 V, 2 ms / div.
Page 26 of 40
06-Jan-11
RDR-257 12 W Non-isolated BUCK LED Driver Using LNK405EG
10.4 Output Current, Normal Condition, VOUT ~ 36 V
Figure 28 – 90 VAC 60 Hz, Full Load.
IOUT, 100 mA / div., 10 ms / div.
Figure 29 – 115 VAC 60 Hz, Full Load.
IOUT, 100 mA / div., 10 ms / div.
Figure 30 – 230 VAC 50 Hz, Full Load.
IOUT, 100 mA / div., 10 ms / div.
Figure 31 – 265 VAC 50 Hz, Full Load.
IOUT, 100 mA / div., 10 ms / div.
Page 27 of 40
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RDR-257 12 W Non-isolated BUCK LED Driver Using LNK405EG
06-Jan-11
10.5 Output Current Ripple, VOUT ~ 36 V
Figure 32 – 90 VAC 60 Hz, Full Load. IOUT,
AC Coupled, 100 mA / div., 10 ms / div.
Figure 33 – 115 VAC 60 Hz, Full Load. IOUT,
AC Coupled, 100 mA / div., 10 ms / div.
Figure 34 – 230 VAC 50 Hz, Full Load. IOUT,
AC Coupled, 100 mA / div., 10 ms / div.
Figure 35 – 265 VAC 50 Hz, Full Load. IOUT,
AC Coupled, 100 mA / div., 10 ms / div.
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Page 28 of 40
06-Jan-11
RDR-257 12 W Non-isolated BUCK LED Driver Using LNK405EG
10.6 Output Current and Voltage at Power-up, Power-down
Figure 36 – 90 VAC 60Hz, Output Rise.
Upper: IOUT, 100 mA / div.
Lower: VOUT, 10 V, 50 ms / div.
Figure 37 – 90 VAC 60Hz, Output Fall.
Upper: IOUT, 100 mA / div.
Lower: VOUT, 10 V, 50 ms / div.
Figure 38 – 265 VAC 50 Hz, Output Rise.
Upper: IOUT, 100 mA / div.
Lower: VOUT, 10 V, 50 ms / div.
Figure 39 – 265 VAC 50 Hz, Output Fall.
Upper: IOUT, 100 mA / div.
Lower: VOUT, 10 V, 50 ms / div.
Page 29 of 40
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RDR-257 12 W Non-isolated BUCK LED Driver Using LNK405EG
06-Jan-11
10.7 Output Short
Figure 40 – 265 VAC 60 Hz, Output Short.
Upper: IDRAIN, 1 A / div.
Lower: VDRAIN, 100 V, 200 ms / div.
Figure 41 – 265 VAC 60 Hz, Output Short.
Upper: IDRAIN, 1 A / div.
Lower: VDRAIN, 100 V, 10 ms / div.
10.8 Open Load/LED Condition
Figure 42 – 90 VAC 60 Hz, Open Load.
CH2: IOUT, 200 mA / div.
CH4: VOUT, 10 V, 1s / div.
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Figure 43 – 265 VAC 60 Hz, Open Load.
CH2: IOUT, 200 mA / div.
CH4: VOUT, 10 V, 1s / div.
Page 30 of 40
06-Jan-11
RDR-257 12 W Non-isolated BUCK LED Driver Using LNK405EG
11 Thermal Measurements
11.1 Thermal Test Set-up
Thermal Measurements were done with the buck board inside the T8 fixture operated at
room temperature. The ambient measurement location inside the assembly is shown
below.
Figure 44 – Ambient Inside Location.
Figure 45 – Thermal Measurement Set-up.
11.2 Thermal Test Results
Component /
Location
Ambient Inside
LinkSwitch-PH
Output Inductor, Wire
Output Inductor, Core
EMI Diff-Choke
Output Capacitor
Free Wheel Diode
Ambient (room)
Input Condition
VOUT, V
IOUT, mA
POUT, W
VIN, VAC
Page 31 of 40
Absolute
Temperature, (˚C)
66
83
76
75
74
70
72
27
55
80
76
74
62
68
69
26
35.54
334.00
11.87
90.00
35.48
321.00
11.39
265.00
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RDR-257 12 W Non-isolated BUCK LED Driver Using LNK405EG
06-Jan-11
12 Conducted EMI Measurements
12.1 Conducted EMI Test Set-up
Conducted EMI were measured with the LED Board inside the T8 tube together with the
LED load .The tube is mounted on a typical T8 holder and the metal body of the fixture
was connected to earth ground.
Two different set-ups were measured corresponding to the position of the driver with
respect to the grounded fixture.
12.1.1 Configuration A: Solder Side of Driver Facing Grounded T8 Fixture
Figure 46 – Configuration A EMI Measurement Set-up.
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Page 32 of 40
06-Jan-11
RDR-257 12 W Non-isolated BUCK LED Driver Using LNK405EG
12.1.2 Configuration B: Component Side of Driver Facing Grounded T8 Fixture
Figure 47 – Configuration B EMI Measurement Set-up.
Page 33 of 40
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RDR-257 12 W Non-isolated BUCK LED Driver Using LNK405EG
06-Jan-11
12.2 Conducted EMI Test Results
12.3 Configuration A Conducted Emission
Power Integrations
04.Jan 11 17:22
RBW
MT
9 kHz
500 ms
Att 10 dB AUTO
dBµV
100 kHz
120
EN55015Q
LIMIT CHECK
110
1 MHz
PASS
10 MHz
SGL
1 QP
CLRWR
100
90
2 AV
CLRWR
TDF
80
70
60
EN55015A
50
6DB
40
30
20
10
0
-10
-20
9 kHz
30 MHz
Trace1:
EDIT PEAK LIST (Final Measurement Results)
EN55015Q
Trace2:
EN55015A
Trace3:
---
TRACE
FREQUENCY
LEVEL dBµV
DELTA LIMIT dB
2
Average
67.8393045788 kHz
36.50
L1 gnd
2
Average
126.977840157 kHz
40.85
N gnd
2
Average
130.825395691 kHz
43.64
N gnd
2
Average
133.454986145 kHz
48.07
N gnd
2
Average
138.873793737 kHz
42.63
N gnd
2
Average
165.693318812 kHz
36.82
L1 gnd
-18.34
1
Quasi Peak
198.193645035 kHz
53.04
L1 gnd
-10.64
2
Average
198.193645035 kHz
43.54
L1 gnd
-10.13
1
Quasi Peak
264.49018761 kHz
44.90
L1 gnd
-16.38
2
Average
264.49018761 kHz
36.27
L1 gnd
-15.01
1
Quasi Peak
332.507282579 kHz
46.51
L1 gnd
-12.87
2
Average
332.507282579 kHz
35.69
L1 gnd
-13.69
1
Quasi Peak
397.727746704 kHz
45.29
L1 gnd
-12.61
2
Average
397.727746704 kHz
33.62
L1 gnd
-14.27
1
Quasi Peak
598.084042089 kHz
44.56
L1 gnd
-11.43
Figure 48 – Conducted EMI, ~36 V Load, 115 VAC, 60 Hz, and EN55022 B Limits.
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Page 34 of 40
06-Jan-11
RDR-257 12 W Non-isolated BUCK LED Driver Using LNK405EG
Power Integrations
04.Jan 11 16:50
RBW
MT
9 kHz
500 ms
Att 10 dB AUTO
dBµV
100 kHz
120
EN55015Q
LIMIT CHECK
110
1 MHz
PASS
10 MHz
SGL
1 QP
CLRWR
100
90
2 AV
CLRWR
TDF
80
70
60
EN55015A
50
6DB
40
30
20
10
0
-10
-20
9 kHz
30 MHz
Trace1:
EDIT PEAK LIST (Final Measurement Results)
EN55015Q
Trace2:
EN55015A
Trace3:
---
TRACE
FREQUENCY
LEVEL dBµV
DELTA LIMIT dB
2
Average
126.977840157 kHz
39.02
L1 gnd
2
Average
130.825395691 kHz
44.17
L1 gnd
2
Average
133.454986145 kHz
39.70
N gnd
2
Average
137.49880568 kHz
30.25
L1 gnd
2
Average
165.693318812 kHz
34.81
L1 gnd
-20.35
1
Quasi Peak
198.193645035 kHz
53.67
L1 gnd
-10.01
2
Average
198.193645035 kHz
45.06
L1 gnd
-8.62
1
Quasi Peak
264.49018761 kHz
48.20
L1 gnd
-13.08
2
Average
264.49018761 kHz
38.63
L1 gnd
-12.65
1
Quasi Peak
332.507282579 kHz
43.95
L1 gnd
-15.43
2
Average
332.507282579 kHz
34.59
L1 gnd
-14.79
1
Quasi Peak
397.727746704 kHz
41.02
L1 gnd
-16.87
1
Quasi Peak
660.656865747 kHz
44.23
L1 gnd
-11.76
2
Average
660.656865747 kHz
33.59
L1 gnd
-12.40
2
Average
19.2717727102 MHz
30.90
L1 gnd
-19.09
Figure 49 – Conducted EMI, ~36 V Load, 230 VAC, 60 Hz, and EN55022 B Limits.
Page 35 of 40
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RDR-257 12 W Non-isolated BUCK LED Driver Using LNK405EG
06-Jan-11
12.4 Configuration B Conducted Emission
Power Integrations
04.Jan 11 17:53
RBW
MT
9 kHz
500 ms
Att 10 dB AUTO
dBµV
100 kHz
120
EN55015Q
LIMIT CHECK
110
1 MHz
PASS
10 MHz
SGL
1 QP
CLRWR
100
90
2 AV
CLRWR
TDF
80
70
60
EN55015A
50
6DB
40
30
20
10
0
-10
-20
9 kHz
30 MHz
Trace1:
EDIT PEAK LIST (Final Measurement Results)
EN55015Q
Trace2:
EN55015A
Trace3:
---
TRACE
FREQUENCY
LEVEL dBµV
DELTA LIMIT dB
2
Average
67.8393045788 kHz
36.63
L1 gnd
2
Average
126.977840157 kHz
40.99
L1 gnd
2
Average
130.825395691 kHz
43.32
N gnd
2
Average
133.454986145 kHz
47.40
L1 gnd
2
Average
138.873793737 kHz
42.48
L1 gnd
2
Average
165.693318812 kHz
36.70
N gnd
-18.46
1
Quasi Peak
198.193645035 kHz
53.11
N gnd
-10.56
2
Average
198.193645035 kHz
43.49
N gnd
-10.18
1
Quasi Peak
264.49018761 kHz
45.24
N gnd
-16.05
2
Average
264.49018761 kHz
36.40
N gnd
-14.88
1
Quasi Peak
332.507282579 kHz
47.00
N gnd
-12.38
2
Average
332.507282579 kHz
36.07
N gnd
-13.31
1
Quasi Peak
397.727746704 kHz
45.76
N gnd
-12.13
2
Average
397.727746704 kHz
33.81
N gnd
-14.08
1
Quasi Peak
598.084042089 kHz
45.24
N gnd
-10.75
Figure 50 – Phase L1: Conducted EMI, ~36 V Load, 115 VAC, 60 Hz, and EN55022 B Limits.
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Page 36 of 40
06-Jan-11
RDR-257 12 W Non-isolated BUCK LED Driver Using LNK405EG
Power Integrations
04.Jan 11 18:47
RBW
MT
9 kHz
500 ms
Att 10 dB AUTO
dBµV
100 kHz
120
EN55015Q
LIMIT CHECK
110
1 MHz
PASS
10 MHz
SGL
1 QP
CLRWR
100
90
2 AV
CLRWR
TDF
80
70
60
EN55015A
50
6DB
40
30
20
10
0
-10
-20
9 kHz
30 MHz
Trace1:
EDIT PEAK LIST (Final Measurement Results)
EN55015Q
Trace2:
EN55015A
Trace3:
---
TRACE
FREQUENCY
LEVEL dBµV
DELTA LIMIT dB
2
Average
128.247618558 kHz
20.13
L1 gnd
2
Average
130.825395691 kHz
36.31
L1 gnd
2
Average
133.454986145 kHz
49.08
L1 gnd
2
Average
137.49880568 kHz
43.09
N gnd
1
Quasi Peak
200.175581485 kHz
55.08
N gnd
2
Average
202.1773373 kHz
45.17
N gnd
-8.34
1
Quasi Peak
267.135089486 kHz
51.19
N gnd
-10.01
2
Average
267.135089486 kHz
39.86
N gnd
-11.34
1
Quasi Peak
335.832355405 kHz
48.18
N gnd
-11.11
2
Average
335.832355405 kHz
37.06
N gnd
-12.24
1
Quasi Peak
401.705024172 kHz
43.65
N gnd
-14.16
2
Average
401.705024172 kHz
34.00
N gnd
-13.81
1
Quasi Peak
471.030732902 kHz
44.63
N gnd
-11.85
1
Quasi Peak
536.076911993 kHz
46.34
N gnd
-9.65
2
Average
536.076911993 kHz
34.66
N gnd
-11.34
2
Average
673.936068749 kHz
36.58
N gnd
-9.41
1
Quasi Peak
737.073953121 kHz
48.69
N gnd
-7.30
-8.51
Figure 51 – Phase N: Conducted EMI, ~36 V Load, 230 VAC, 60 Hz, and EN55022 B Limits.
Page 37 of 40
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RDR-257 12 W Non-isolated BUCK LED Driver Using LNK405EG
06-Jan-11
13 Power Line Transient Tests
The unit was subjected to ±2500 V 100 kHz ring wave, both at 115 VAC and 230 VAC. A
test failure was defined as a non-recoverable interruption of output requiring supply repair
or recycling of input voltage.
Level
(V)
Input
Voltage
(VAC)
Injection
Location
Injection
Phase
(°)
±2500
115
L1, L2
0
±2500
115
L1, L2
90
±2500
230
L1, L2
0
±2500
230
L1, L2
90
Type
100 kHz Ring
Wave (500 A)
100 kHz Ring
Wave (500 A)
100 kHz Ring
Wave (500 A)
100 kHz Ring
Wave (500 A)
Test Result
(Pass/Fail)
Pass
Pass
Pass
Pass
Note: 500 V Differential Surge test was also carried out and the unit still pass (no damage). However the
surge rating of C3 (450 V for 400 V rated) was exceeded. To limit the peak voltage at C3, a higher value
capacitance must be used at the peak detector. A 4.7 F capacitor was tested and C3 peak voltage was
limited to 464 V. A 450 V rated capacitor is recommended to avoid stressing C3 during these tests.
Voltage Across C3,
100V/div, 100us/div
Voltage Across C1,
200V/div, 100us/div
Figure 52 – 500 V Differential Surge, 230 VAC, 90º.
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Page 38 of 40
06-Jan-11
RDR-257 12 W Non-isolated BUCK LED Driver Using LNK405EG
14 Revision History
Date
06-Jan-11
Page 39 of 40
Author
CA
Revision
1.0
Description & changes
Initial Release
Reviewed
Apps & Mktg
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RDR-257 12 W Non-isolated BUCK LED Driver Using LNK405EG
06-Jan-11
For the latest updates, visit our website: www.powerint.com
Power Integrations reserves the right to make changes to its products at any time to improve reliability or manufacturability.
Power Integrations does not assume any liability arising from the use of any device or circuit described herein. POWER
INTEGRATIONS MAKES NO WARRANTY HEREIN AND SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES INCLUDING,
WITHOUT LIMITATION, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
PURPOSE, AND NON-INFRINGEMENT OF THIRD PARTY RIGHTS.
PATENT INFORMATION
The products and applications illustrated herein (including transformer construction and circuits external to the products)
may be covered by one or more U.S. and foreign patents, or potentially by pending U.S. and foreign patent applications
assigned to Power Integrations. A complete list of Power Integrations’ patents may be found at www.powerint.com. Power
Integrations grants its customers a license under certain patent rights as set forth at http://www.powerint.com/ip.htm.
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Fax: +86-021-6354-6325
e-mail:
[email protected]
INDIA
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#1, 14 Main Road
Vasanthanagar
Bangalore-560052
India
Phone: +91-80-4113-8020
Fax: +91-80-4113-8023
e-mail:
[email protected]
KOREA
RM 602, 6FL
Korea City Air Terminal B/D, 159-6
Samsung-Dong, Kangnam-Gu,
Seoul, 135-728
Korea
Phone: +82-2-2016-6610
Fax: +82-2-2016-6630
e-mail: [email protected]
EUROPE HQ
1st Floor, St. James’s House
East Street, Farnham
Surrey GU9 7TJ
United Kingdom
Phone: +44 (0) 1252-730-141
Fax: +44 (0) 1252-727-689
e-mail:
[email protected]
CHINA (SHENZHEN)
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Rm A, B & C 4 Floor, Block C,
Electronics Science and
Technology Building
2070 Shennan Zhong Road
Shenzhen, Guangdong,
P.R.C. 518031
Phone: +86-755-8379-3243
Fax: +86-755-8379-5828
e-mail:
[email protected]
ITALY
Via De Amicis 2
20091 Bresso MI
Italy
Phone: +39-028-928-6000
Fax: +39-028-928-6009
e-mail:
[email protected]
SINGAPORE
51 Newton Road,
#19-01/05 Goldhill Plaza
Singapore, 308900
Phone: +65-6358-2160
Fax: +65-6358-2015
e-mail:
[email protected]
APPLICATIONS HOTLINE
World Wide +1-408-414-9660
Power Integrations
Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201
www.powerint.com
APPLICATIONS FAX
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