CY62138FV30 MoBL® 2-Mbit (256K x 8) Static RAM Features Functional Description The CY62138FV30[1] is a high performance CMOS static RAM organized as 256K words by 8 bits. This device features advanced circuit design to provide ultra low active current. This is ideal for providing More Battery Life™ (MoBL) in portable applications such as cellular telephones. The device also has an automatic power down feature that significantly reduces power consumption. Place the device into standby mode reducing power consumption when deselected (CE1 HIGH or CE2 LOW). ■ Very High-speed: 45 ns ■ Temperature ranges ❐ Industrial: –40 °C to 85 °C ❐ Automotive-A: –40 °C to 85 °C ■ Wide voltage range: 2.20 V to 3.60 V ■ Pin compatible with CY62138CV25/30/33 ■ Ultra low standby power ❐ Typical standby current: 1 A ❐ Maximum standby current: 5 A ■ Ultra low active power ❐ Typical active current: 1.6 mA at f = 1 MHz ■ Easy memory expansion with CE1, CE2, and OE Features ■ Automatic power down when deselected ■ complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) for Optimum speed and power ■ Offered in Pb-free 36-Ball VFBGA, 32-Pin TSOP II, 32-Pin SOIC, 32-Pin TSOP I and 32-Pin STSOP Packages To write to the device, take Chip Enable (CE1 LOW and CE2 HIGH) and Write Enable (WE) inputs LOW. Data on the eight I/O pins (I/O0 through I/O7) is then written into the location specified on the address pins (A0 through A17). To read from the device, take Chip Enable (CE1 LOW and CE2 HIGH) and Output Enable (OE) LOW while forcing Write Enable (WE) HIGH. Under these conditions, the contents of the memory location specified by the address pins appear on the I/O pins. The eight input and output pins (I/O0 through I/O7) are placed in a high impedance state when the device is deselected (CE1 HIGH or CE2 LOW), the outputs are disabled (OE HIGH), or during a write operation (CE1 LOW and CE2 HIGH and WE LOW). Logic Block Diagram Note 1. For best practice recommendations, refer to the Cypress application note “System Design Guidelines” at http://www.cypress.com. Cypress Semiconductor Corporation Document #: 001-08029 Rev. *I • 198 Champion Court • San Jose, CA 95134-1709 • 408-943-2600 Revised November 4, 2010 [+] Feedback CY62138FV30 MoBL® Contents Pin Configuration ............................................................. 3 Product Portfolio .............................................................. 3 Maximum Ratings ............................................................. 4 Electrical Characteristics ................................................ 4 Capacitance ...................................................................... 4 Thermal Resistance.......................................................... 5 Data Retention Characteristics ....................................... 5 Switching Characteristics ................................................ 6 Switching Waveforms ...................................................... 7 Truth Table ........................................................................ 8 Ordering Information........................................................ 9 Document #: 001-08029 Rev. *I Ordering Code Definition............................................. 9 Package Diagrams .......................................................... 10 Acronyms ........................................................................ 14 Document Conventions ................................................. 14 Units of Measure ....................................................... 14 Document History Page ................................................. 15 Sales, Solutions, and Legal Information ...................... 16 Worldwide Sales and Design Support ....................... 16 Products .................................................................... 16 PSoC Solutions ......................................................... 16 Page 2 of 16 [+] Feedback CY62138FV30 MoBL® Pin Configuration 36-Ball VFBGA (Top View) [2] 32-Pin SOIC/TSOP II (Top View) 3 4 5 6 A6 A8 A A7 I/O0 B I/O1 C VSS VCC D VCC VSS E I/O2 F 1 2 A0 A1 CE2 A3 I/O4 A2 WE A4 NC A5 I/O5 I/O6 NC A17 I/O7 OE CE1 A16 A15 I/O3 G A9 A10 A11 A12 A13 A14 H A17 A16 A14 A12 A7 A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0 I/O0 I/O1 I/O2 VSS 32-Pin TSOP I (Top View) A11 A9 A8 A13 WE CE2 A15 VCC A17 A16 A14 A12 A7 A6 A5 A4 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 TSOP I Top View (not to scale) 1 VCC A15 CE2 WE A13 A8 A9 A11 OE A10 CE1 I/O7 I/O6 I/O5 I/O4 I/O3 32 31 2 3 4 30 29 5 6 28 27 26 25 7 8 9 10 24 23 22 11 12 13 14 15 16 21 20 19 18 17 32-Pin STSOP (Top View) 32 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 A11 A9 A8 A13 WE CE2 A15 VCC A17 A16 A14 A12 A7 A6 A5 A4 OE A10 CE1 I/O7 I/O6 I/O5 I/O4 I/O3 GND I/O2 I/O1 I/O0 A0 A1 A2 A3 25 26 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 STSOP Top View (not to scale) OE A10 CE1 I/O7 I/O6 I/O5 I/O4 I/O3 GND I/O2 I/O1 I/O0 A0 A1 A2 A3 Product Portfolio Product CY62138FV30LL Range Ind’l/Auto-A Speed (ns) VCC Range (V) Min Typ[3] Max 2.2 3.0 3.6 45 Power Dissipation Operating ICC (mA) f = 1 MHz f = fmax Standby ISB2 (A) Typ[3] Max Typ[3] Max Typ[3] Max 1.6 2.5 13 18 1 5 Notes 2. NC pins are not connected on the die. 3. Typical values are included for reference only and are not guaranteed or tested. Typical values are measured at VCC = VCC(typ.), TA = 25 °C. Document #: 001-08029 Rev. *I Page 3 of 16 [+] Feedback CY62138FV30 MoBL® DC input voltage [4, 5] ......................................–0.3 V to 3.9 V Maximum Ratings Output current into outputs (LOW) .............................. 20 mA Exceeding maximum ratings may impair the useful life of the device. These user guidelines are not tested. Static Discharge Voltage......................................... > 2001 V (MIL-STD-883, Method 3015) Storage temperature................................. –65 °C to +150 °C Latch-up current ..................................................... > 200 mA Ambient temperature with power applied ........................................... –55 °C to +125 °C Product Supply voltage to ground potential ..........................................................–0.3 V to 3.9 V Ambient Temperature Range VCC [6] CY62138FV30LL Ind’l/Auto-A –40 °C to +85 °C 2.2 V to 3.6 V DC voltage applied to outputs in High-Z State [4, 5] ........................................–0.3 V to 3.9 V Electrical Characteristics (Over the Operating Range) Parameter Description Output HIGH voltage VOH Test Conditions 45 ns (Ind’l/Auto-A) Unit Min Typ [7] Max IOH = –0.1 mA 2.0 – – V IOH = –1.0 mA, VCC > 2.70 V 2.4 – – V – – 0.4 V VOL Output LOW voltage IOL = 0.1 mA – 0.4 V VIH Input HIGH voltage VCC = 2.2 V to 2.7 V 1.8 – VCC + 0.3V V VCC= 2.7 V to 3.6 V 2.2 – VCC + 0.3V V VCC = 2.2 V to 2.7 V For BGA package –0.3 – 0.6 V VCC= 2.7 V to 3.6 V –0.3 – 0.8 V VCC = 2.2 V to 3.6 V For other packages –0.3 – 0.6 V IOL = 2.1 mA, VCC > 2.70 V Input LOW voltage VIL IIX Input leakage current GND < VI < VCC –1 – +1 A IOZ Output leakage current GND < VO < VCC, output disabled –1 – +1 A ICC VCC Operating supply current f = fmax = 1/tRC VCC = VCCmax IOUT = 0 mA CMOS levels – 13 18 mA – 1.6 2.5 CE1 > VCC – 0.2 V or CE2 < 0.2 V, – 1 5 A – 1 5 A f = 1 MHz ISB1[8] Automatic CE Power-down Current CMOS inputs VIN > VCC – 0.2 V, VIN < 0.2 V), f = fmax (address and data only), f = 0 (OE, and WE), VCC = 3.60 V ISB2 [8] Automatic CE Power-down Current CMOS inputs CE1 > VCC – 0.2 V or CE2 < 0.2 V, VIN > VCC – 0.2 V or VIN < 0.2 V, f = 0, VCC = 3.60 V Capacitance Parameter[9] Description CIN Input Capacitance COUT Output Capacitance Test Conditions TA = 25°C, f = 1 MHz, VCC = VCC(typ.) Max Unit 10 pF 10 pF Notes 4. VIL(min) = –2.0V for pulse durations less than 20 ns. 5. VIH(max) = VCC+0.75V for pulse durations less than 20 ns. 6. Full device AC operation assumes a 100 s ramp time from 0 to VCC(min) and 200 s wait time after VCC stabilization. 7. Typical values are included for reference only and are not guaranteed or tested. Typical values are measured at VCC = VCC(typ.), TA = 25 °C 8. Chip enables (CE1 and CE2) must be at CMOS level to meet the ISB1 / ISB2 / ICCDR spec. Other inputs can be left floating. 9. Tested initially and after any design or process changes that may affect these parameters. Document #: 001-08029 Rev. *I Page 4 of 16 [+] Feedback CY62138FV30 MoBL® Thermal Resistance Parameter[10] Description JA Thermal resistance (Junction to Ambient) JC Thermal resistance (Junction to Case) Test Conditions SOIC VFBGA TSOP II STSOP TSOP I Unit Still air, soldered on a 3 x 4.5 inch, two layer printed circuit board 44.53 38.49 44.16 59.72 50.19 C/W 24.05 17.66 11.97 15.38 14.59 C/W Figure 1. AC Test Loads and Waveforms R1 VCC OUTPUT ALL INPUT PULSES VCC R2 30 pF INCLUDING JIG AND SCOPE 90% 10% GND Rise Time = 1 V/ns Equivalent to: 90% 10% Fall Time = 1 V/ns THEVENIN EQUIVALENT OUTPUT RTH V Parameter 2.5 V (2.2 V to 2.7 V) 3.0 V (2.7 V to 3.6 V) Unit R1 16667 1103 R2 15385 1554 RTH 8000 645 VTH 1.20 1.75 V Data Retention Characteristics (Over the Operating Range) Parameter VDR ICCDR Typ[11] Max Unit 1.5 – – V – 1 4 A Chip deselect to data retention time 0 – – ns Operation recovery time 45 – – ns Conditions VCC for data retention [12] Data retention current tCDR [10] tR Min Description [13] VCC = 1.5 V, CE1 > VCC 0.2 V or CE2 < 0.2 V, VIN > VCC 0.2 V or VIN < 0.2 V Ind’l/Auto-A Figure 2. Data Retention Waveform [14] DATA RETENTION MODE VCC VCC(min) tCDR VDR > 1.5V VCC(min) tR CE Notes 10. Tested initially and after any design or process changes that may affect these parameters. 11. Typical values are included for reference only and are not guaranteed or tested. Typical values are measured at VCC = VCC(typ.), TA = 2 5°C 12. Chip enables (CE1 and CE2) must be at CMOS level to meet the ISB1 / ISB2 / ICCDR spec. Other inputs can be left floating 13. Full device AC operation requires linear VCC ramp from VDR to VCC(min) > 100 s or stable at VCC(min) > 100 s. 14. CE is the logical combination of CE1 and CE2. When CE1 is LOW and CE2 is HIGH, CE is LOW; when CE1 is HIGH or CE2 is LOW, CE is HIGH. Document #: 001-08029 Rev. *I Page 5 of 16 [+] Feedback CY62138FV30 MoBL® Switching Characteristics (Over the Operating Range) Parameter[15] 45 ns (Ind’l/Auto-A) Description Min Max Unit Read Cycle tRC Read cycle time 45 – ns tAA Address to data valid – 45 ns tOHA Data hold from address change 10 – ns tACE CE1 LOW and CE2 HIGH to data valid – 45 ns tDOE OE LOW to data valid – 22 ns tLZOE OE LOW to Low-Z [16] 5 – ns OE HIGH to High-Z tHZOE tLZCE [16,17] – 18 ns [16] 10 – ns [16,17] – 18 ns CE1 LOW and CE2 HIGH to Low Z tHZCE CE1 HIGH or CE2 LOW to High-Z tPU CE1 LOW and CE2 HIGH to Power-up 0 – ns CE1 HIGH or CE2 LOW to Power-down – 45 ns tWC Write cycle time 45 – ns tSCE CE1 LOW and CE2 HIGH to write end 35 – ns tAW Address setup to write end 35 – ns tHA Address hold from write end 0 – ns tSA Address setup to Write Start 0 – ns tPWE WE pulse Width 35 – ns tSD Data setup to write end 25 – ns tHD Data hold from write end 0 – ns – 18 ns 10 – ns tPD Write Cycle [18] [16,17] tHZWE WE LOW to High-Z tLZWE WE HIGH to Low-Z [16] Notes 15. Test conditions for all parameters other than tristate parameters assume signal transition time of 3 ns or less (1 V/ns), timing reference levels of VCC(typ)/2, input pulse levels of 0 to VCC(typ), and output loading of the specified IOL/IOH as shown in the AC Test Loads and Waveforms on page 5. 16. At any given temperature and voltage condition, tHZCE is less than tLZCE, tHZOE is less than tLZOE, and tHZWE is less than tLZWE for any given device. 17. tHZOE, tHZCE, and tHZWE transitions are measured when the output enters a high impedance state. 18. The internal write time of the memory is defined by the overlap of WE, CE1 = VIL, and CE2 = VIH. All signals must be ACTIVE to initiate a write and any of these signals can terminate a write by going INACTIVE. Reference the data input setup and hold timing to the edge of the signal that terminates the write. Document #: 001-08029 Rev. *I Page 6 of 16 [+] Feedback CY62138FV30 MoBL® Switching Waveforms Figure 3. Read Cycle 1 (Address transition controlled) [20, 21] tRC RC ADDRESS tOHA DATA OUT tAA PREVIOUS DATA VALID DATA VALID Figure 4. Read Cycle No. 2 (OE controlled) [21, 22, 25] ADDRESS tRC CE tACE OE tHZOE tDOE tHZCE tLZOE HIGH IMPEDANCE DATA OUT DATA VALID tLZCE tPD tPU VCC SUPPLY CURRENT HIGH IMPEDANCE 50% 50% ICC ISB Figure 5. Write Cycle No. 1 (WE controlled) [19, 23, 24, 25] tWC ADDRESS tSCE CE tAW tSA tHA tPWE WE OE tSD DATA I/O NOTE 26 tHD DATA VALID tHZOE Notes 19. The internal write time of the memory is defined by the overlap of WE, CE1 = VIL, and CE2 = VIH. All signals must be ACTIVE to initiate a write and any of these signals can terminate a write by going INACTIVE. Reference the data input setup and hold timing to the edge of the signal that terminates the write 20. The device is continuously selected. OE, CE1 = VIL, CE2 = VIH. 21. WE is HIGH for read cycle. 22. Address valid before or similar to CE1 transition LOW and CE2 transition HIGH. 23. Data I/O is high impedance if OE = VIH. 24. If CE1 goes HIGH or CE2 goes LOW simultaneously with WE HIGH, the output remains in high impedance state. 25. CE is the logical combination of CE1 and CE2. When CE1 is LOW and CE2 is HIGH, CE is LOW; when CE1 is HIGH or CE2 is LOW, CE is HIGH. 26. During this period, the I/Os are in output state. Do not apply input signals Document #: 001-08029 Rev. *I Page 7 of 16 [+] Feedback CY62138FV30 MoBL® Switching Waveforms (continued) Figure 6. Write Cycle No. 2 (CE1 or CE2 controlled) [27, 28, 29, 30] tWC ADDRESS tSCE CE tSA tAW tHA tPWE WE tSD DATA I/O tHD DATA VALID Figure 7. Write Cycle No. 3 (WE controlled, OE LOW) [27, 30] tWC ADDRESS tSCE CE tAW tSA tHA tPWE WE tHD tSD NOTE 31 DATA I/O DATA VALID tLZWE tHZWE Truth Table CE1 CE2 WE OE H X[32] Inputs/Outputs Mode Power X X High-Z Deselect / Power-down Standby (ISB) X[32] L X X High-Z Deselect/Power-down Standby (ISB) L H H L Data out Read Active (ICC) L H H H High-Z Output disabled Active (ICC) L H L X Data in Write Active (ICC) Notes 27. CE is the logical combination of CE1 and CE2. When CE1 is LOW and CE2 is HIGH, CE is LOW; when CE1 is HIGH or CE2 is LOW, CE is HIGH. 28. The internal write time of the memory is defined by the overlap of WE, CE1 = VIL, and CE2 = VIH. All signals must be ACTIVE to initiate a write and any of these signals can terminate a write by going INACTIVE. Reference the data input setup and hold timing to the edge of the signal that terminates the write 29. Data I/O is high impedance if OE = VIH. 30. If CE1 goes HIGH or CE2 goes LOW simultaneously with WE HIGH, the output remains iin high impedance state. 31. During this period, the I/Os are in output state. Do not apply input signals. 32. The ‘X’ (Don’t care) state for the Chip enables (CE1 and CE2) in the truth table refer to the logic state (either HIGH or LOW). Intermediate voltage levels on these pins is not permitted. Document #: 001-08029 Rev. *I Page 8 of 16 [+] Feedback CY62138FV30 MoBL® Ordering Information Speed (ns) 45 Package Diagram Ordering Code Package Type CY62138FV30LL-45BVXI 51-85149 36-ball VFBGA (Pb-free) CY62138FV30LL-45ZSXI 51-85095 32-pin TSOP II (Pb-free) CY62138FV30LL-45ZAXI 51-85094 32-pin STSOP (Pb-free) CY62138FV30LL-45ZXI 51-85056 32-pin TSOP I (Pb-free) CY62138FV30LL-45SXI 51-85081 32-pin SOIC (Pb-free) CY62138FV30LL-45ZAXA 51-85094 32-pin STSOP (Pb-free) Operating Range Industrial Automotive-A Ordering Code Definition CY 621 3 8F V30 LL 45 XXX X Temperature Grades I = Industrial, A = Auto A Package Type BVX: VFBGA (Pb-free) ZSX: TSOP II (Pb-free) ZAX: STSOP (Pb-free) ZX : TSOP I (Pb-free) SX : SOIC (Pb-free) Speed Grade Low Power Voltage Range = 3 V typical Bus Width = x8 F = 90nm Technology Density = 2 Mbit MoBL SRAM Family Coimpany ID: CY = Cypress Document #: 001-08029 Rev. *I Page 9 of 16 [+] Feedback CY62138FV30 MoBL® Package Diagrams Figure 8. 36-Ball VFBGA (6 x 8 x 1 mm), 51-85149 51-85149 *D Document #: 001-08029 Rev. *I Page 10 of 16 [+] Feedback CY62138FV30 MoBL® Figure 9. 32-Pin TSOP II, 51-85095 51-85095 *A Document #: 001-08029 Rev. *I Page 11 of 16 [+] Feedback CY62138FV30 MoBL® Figure 10. 32-Pin (450 Mil) Molded SOIC, 51-85081 51-85081 *C Document #: 001-08029 Rev. *I Page 12 of 16 [+] Feedback CY62138FV30 MoBL® Figure 11. 32-Pin TSOP I (8 x 20 mm), 51-85056 51-85056 * E Document #: 001-08029 Rev. *I Page 13 of 16 [+] Feedback CY62138FV30 MoBL® Figure 12. 32-Pin STSOP (8 x 13.4 mm), 51-85094 51-85094 * E Acronyms Document Conventions Acronym Description CMOS complementary metal oxide semiconductor I/O input/output SRAM static random access memory VFBGA TSOP Units of Measure Symbol Unit of Measure °C degrees Celsius very fine ball grid array A microamperes thin small outline package mA milliampere MHz megahertz Document #: 001-08029 Rev. *I ns nanoseconds pF picofarads V volts ohms W watts Page 14 of 16 [+] Feedback CY62138FV30 MoBL® Document History Page Document Title: CY62138FV30 MoBL®, 2-Mbit (256K x 8) Static RAM Document Number: 001-08029 Rev. ECN No. Submission Date Orig. of Change Description of Change ** 463660 See ECN NXR New data sheet *A 467351 See ECN NXR Added 32-pin TSOP II package, 32 pin TSOP I and 32 pin STSOP packages Changed ball A3 from NC to CE2 in 36-ball FBGA pin out *B 566724 See ECN NXR Converted from Preliminary to Final Corrected typo in 32 pin TSOP II pin configuration diagram on page #2 (changed pin 24 from CE1to OE and pin 22 from CE to CE1) Changed the ICC(max) value from 2.25 mA to 2.5 mA for test condition f=1 MHz Changed the ISB2(typ) value from 0.5 A to 1 A Changed the ISB2(max) value from 2.5 A to 5 A Changed the ICCDR(typ) value from 0.5 A to 1 A and ICCDR(max) value from 2.5 A to 4 A *C 797956 See ECN VKN Added 32-pin SOIC package Updated VIL spec for SOIC, TSOP-II, TSOP-I, and STSOP packages on Electrical characteristics table *D 809101 See ECN VKN Corrected typo in the Ordering Information table *E 940341 See ECN VKN Added footnote #7 related to ISB2 and ICCDR *F 2769239 09/25/09 *G 3055119 10/12/2010 RAME Updated and converted all tablenotes into Footnote Added Acronyms and Units of Measure table Added Ordering Code Definition Updated All Package Diagrams. Updated datasheet as per new template. *H 3061313 10/15/2010 RAME Minor changes: Corrected “IO” to “I/O” *I 3078557 11/04/2010 RAME Corrected 55 C to -55C in Ambient Temperature with Power applied in Maximum Ratings Section Document #: 001-08029 Rev. *I VKN/AESA Included Automotive-A information Page 15 of 16 [+] Feedback CY62138FV30 MoBL® Sales, Solutions, and Legal Information Worldwide Sales and Design Support Cypress maintains a worldwide network of offices, solution centers, manufacturers representatives, and distributors. To find the office closest to you, visit us at cypress.com/sales. Products Automotive Clocks & Buffers Interface Lighting & Power Control PSoC Solutions cypress.com/go/automotive psoc.cypress.com/solutions cypress.com/go/clocks PSoC 1 | PSoC 3 | PSoC 5 cypress.com/go/interface cypress.com/go/powerpsoc cypress.com/go/plc Memory Optical & Image Sensing PSoC Touch Sensing USB Controllers Wireless/RF cypress.com/go/memory cypress.com/go/image cypress.com/go/psoc cypress.com/go/touch cypress.com/go/USB cypress.com/go/wireless © Cypress Semiconductor Corporation, 2010. The information contained herein is subject to change without notice. Cypress Semiconductor Corporation assumes no responsibility for the use of any circuitry other than circuitry embodied in a Cypress product. Nor does it convey or imply any license under patent or other rights. Cypress products are not warranted nor intended to be used for medical, life support, life saving, critical control or safety applications, unless pursuant to an express written agreement with Cypress. Furthermore, Cypress does not authorize its products for use as critical components in life-support systems where a malfunction or failure may reasonably be expected to result in significant injury to the user. The inclusion of Cypress products in life-support systems application implies that the manufacturer assumes all risk of such use and in doing so indemnifies Cypress against all charges. Any Source Code (software and/or firmware) is owned by Cypress Semiconductor Corporation (Cypress) and is protected by and subject to worldwide patent protection (United States and foreign), United States copyright laws and international treaty provisions. Cypress hereby grants to licensee a personal, non-exclusive, non-transferable license to copy, use, modify, create derivative works of, and compile the Cypress Source Code and derivative works for the sole purpose of creating custom software and or firmware in support of licensee product to be used only in conjunction with a Cypress integrated circuit as specified in the applicable agreement. Any reproduction, modification, translation, compilation, or representation of this Source Code except as specified above is prohibited without the express written permission of Cypress. Disclaimer: CYPRESS MAKES NO WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, WITH REGARD TO THIS MATERIAL, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. Cypress reserves the right to make changes without further notice to the materials described herein. Cypress does not assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any product or circuit described herein. Cypress does not authorize its products for use as critical components in life-support systems where a malfunction or failure may reasonably be expected to result in significant injury to the user. The inclusion of Cypress’ product in a life-support systems application implies that the manufacturer assumes all risk of such use and in doing so indemnifies Cypress against all charges. Use may be limited by and subject to the applicable Cypress software license agreement. Document #: 001-08029 Rev. *I Revised November 4, 2010 Page 16 of 16 All products and company names mentioned in this document may be the trademarks of their respective holders. [+] Feedback