TAK CHEONG 1 Watt DO-41 Hermetically Sealed Glass Zener Voltage Regulators Maximum Ratings Rating Symbol Value Unit Maximum Steady State Power Dissipation @ TL ≤50°C, Lead Length = 3/8” PD 1.0 W 6.67 mW/°C -65 to +200 °C Derate Above 50°C Operating and Storage Temperature Range TJ, Tstg AXIAL LEAD DO41 Specification Features • • • • • • Zener Voltage Range = 3.3 V to 91 V ESD Rating of Class 3 (>16 KV) per Human Body Model DO-41 Package (DO-204AL) Double Slug Type Construction Metallurgical Bonded Construction Oxide Passivated Die Cathode Anode Mechanical Characteristics Case : Double slug type, hermetically sealed glass Finish : All external surfaces are corrosion resistant and leads are readily solderable. Polarity : Cathode indicated by polarity band Mounting: Any MARKING DIAGRAM L 1N 47 xxA YWW Maximum Lead Temperature for Soldering Purposes 230°C, 1/16” from the case for 10 seconds L 1N47xxA Y WW = = = = Logo Device Code Year Work Week Ordering Information Device Package Shipping 1N47xxA Axial Lead 2000 Units / Box 1N47xxARL Axial Lead 6000 Units / Tape & Reel 1N47xxARL2 * Axial Lead 6000 Units / Tape & Reel 1N47xxATA Axial Lead 4000 Units / Tape & Ammo 1N47xxATA2 * Axial Lead 4000 Units / Tape & Ammo * The “2” suffix refers to 26 mm tape spacing. Devices listed in bold italic are Tak Cheong Preferred devices. Preferred devices are recommended choices for future use and best overall value. March 2002 / A http://www.takcheong.com 1 1N4728A through 1N4763A Series Licensed by ON Semiconductor, a trademark of Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC for Zener Technology and Products. ® 1N4728A Series ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (TA = 25°C unless I otherwise noted, VF = 1.2 V Max., IF = 200 mA for all types) Symbol VZ Reverse Zener Voltage @ IZT IZT Reverse Current ZZT Maximum Zener Impedance @ IZT IZK Reverse Current ZZK Maximum Zener Impedance @ IZK IR Reverse Leakage Current @ VR VR Breakdown Voltage IF Forward Current VF Forward Voltage @ IF Ir IF Parameter VZ VR V IR VF IZT Zener Voltage Regulator Surge Current @ TA = 25°C ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (TA = 25°C unless otherwise noted, VF = 1.2 V Max, IF = 200 mA for all types) Zener Voltage (3.)(4.) VZ (Volts) Zener Impedance (5.) Leakage Current ZZT @ IZT Max (mA) (Ω) (Ω) (mA) (µA Max) (Volts) (mA) 3.3 3.6 3.9 4.3 4.7 3.47 3.78 4.10 4.52 4.94 76 69 64 58 53 10 10 9 9 8 400 400 400 400 500 1 1 1 1 1 100 100 50 10 10 1 1 1 1 1 1380 1260 1190 1070 970 4.85 5.32 5.89 6.46 7.13 5.1 5.6 6.2 6.8 7.5 5.36 5.88 6.51 7.14 7.88 49 45 41 37 34 7 5 2 3.5 4 550 600 700 700 700 1 1 1 1 0.5 10 10 10 10 10 1 2 3 4 5 890 810 730 660 605 1N4738A 1N4739A 1N4740A 1N4741A 1N4742A 7.79 8.65 9.50 10.45 11.40 8.2 9.1 10 11 12 8.61 9.56 10.50 11.55 12.60 31 28 25 23 21 4.5 5 7 8 9 700 700 700 700 700 0.5 0.5 0.25 0.25 0.25 10 10 10 5 5 6 7 7.6 8.4 9.1 550 500 454 414 380 1N4743A 1N4744A 1N4745A 12.4 14.3 15.2 13 15 16 13.7 15.8 16.8 19 17 15.5 10 14 16 700 700 700 0.25 0.25 0.25 5 5 5 9.9 11.4 12.2 344 304 285 Min Nom 1N4728A 1N4729A 1N4730A 1N4731A 1N4732A 3.14 3.42 3.71 4.09 4.47 1N4733A 1N4734A 1N4735A 1N4736A 1N4737A ZZK @ IZK Ir (6.) @ IZT JEDEC Device (2.) IR @ VR TOLERANCE AND TYPE NUMBER DESIGNATION 2. The JEDEC type numbers listed have a standard tolerance on the nominal zener voltage of ±5%. SPECIALS AVAILABLE INCLUDE: 3. Nominal zener voltages between the voltages shown and tighter voltage tolerances. For detailed information on price, availability, and delivery, contact your nearest Tak Cheong representative. ZENER VOLTAGE (VZ) MEASUREMENT 4. Tak Cheong Electronics guarantees the zener voltage when measured at 90 seconds while maintaining the lead temperature (TL) at 30°C ± 1°C, 3/8" from the diode body. ZENER IMPEDANCE (ZZ) DERIVATION 5. The zener impedance is derived from the 60 cycle ac voltage, which results when an ac current having an rms value equal to 10% of the dc zener current (IZT or IZK) is superimposed on IZT or IZK. SURGE CURRENT (IR) NON-REPETITIVE 6. The rating listed in the electrical characteristics table is maximum peak, non-repetitive, reverse surge current of 1/2 square wave or equivalent sine wave pulse of 1/120 second duration superimposed on the test current, IZT, per JEDEC registration; however, actual device capability is as described in Figure 5 of the General Data DO-41 Glass. http://www.takcheong.com 2 1N4728A Series ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (TA = 25°C unless otherwise noted, VF = 1.2 V Max, IF = 200 mA for all types) (continued) Zener Voltage (8.)(9.) VZ (Volts) Zener Impedance (10.) @ IZT ZZT @ IZT Leakage Current ZZK @ IZK Ir (11.) IR @ VR JEDEC Device (7.) Min Nom Max (mA) (Ω) (Ω) (mA) (µA Max) (Volts) (mA) 1N4746A 1N4747A 17.1 19.0 18 20 18.9 21.0 14 12.5 20 22 750 750 0.25 0.25 5 5 13.7 15.2 250 225 1N4748A 1N4749A 1N4750A 1N4751A 1N4752A 20.9 22.8 25.7 28.5 31.4 22 24 27 30 33 23.1 25.2 28.4 31.5 34.7 11.5 10.5 9.5 8.5 7.5 23 25 35 40 45 750 750 750 1000 1000 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 5 5 5 5 5 16.7 18.2 20.6 22.8 25.1 205 190 170 150 135 1N4753A 1N4754A 1N4755A 1N4756A 1N4757A 34.2 37.1 40.9 44.7 48.5 36 39 43 47 51 37.8 41.0 45.2 49.4 53.6 7 6.5 6 5.5 5 50 60 70 80 95 1000 1000 1500 1500 1500 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 5 5 5 5 5 27.4 29.7 32.7 35.8 38.8 125 115 110 95 90 1N4758A 1N4759A 1N4760A 1N4761A 1N4762A 53.2 58.9 64.6 71.3 77.9 56 62 68 75 82 58.8 65.1 71.4 78.8 86.1 4.5 4 3.7 3.3 3 110 125 150 175 200 2000 2000 2000 2000 3000 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 5 5 5 5 5 42.6 47.1 51.7 56 62.2 80 70 65 60 55 1N4763A 86.5 91 95.6 2.8 250 3000 0.25 5 69.2 50 TOLERANCE AND TYPE NUMBER DESIGNATION 7. The JEDEC type numbers listed have a standard tolerance on the nominal zener voltage of ±5%. SPECIALS AVAILABLE INCLUDE: 8. Nominal zener voltages between the voltages shown and tighter voltage tolerances. For detailed information on price, availability, and delivery, contact your nearest Tak Cheong representative. ZENER VOLTAGE (VZ) MEASUREMENT 9. Tak Cheong Electronics guarantees the zener voltage when measured at 90 seconds while maintaining the lead temperature (T L ) at 30°C ± 1°C, 3/8" from the diode body. ZENER IMPEDANCE (ZZ) DERIVATION 10. The zener impedance is derived from the 60 cycle ac voltage, which results when an ac current having an rms value equal to 10% of the dc zener current (IZT or IZK) is superimposed on IZT or IZK. SURGE CURRENT (IR) NON-REPETITIVE 11. The rating listed in the electrical characteristics table is maximum peak, non-repetitive, reverse surge current of 1/2 square wave or equivalent sine wave pulse of 1/120 second duration superimposed on the test current, IZT, per JEDEC registration; however, actual device capability is as described in Figure 5 of the General Data DO-41 Glass. http://www.takcheong.com 3 P D , STEADY STATE POWER DISSIPATION (WATTS) 1N4728A Series 1.25 L = LEAD LENGTH TO HEAT SINK L = 1" L = 1/8" 1 L = 3/8" 0.75 0.5 0.25 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 T L, LEAD TEMPERATURE (°C) Figure 1. Power Temperature Derating Curve http://www.takcheong.com 4 200 1N4728A Series b. Range for Units to 12 to 100 Volts 100 θ VZ , TEMPERATURE COEFFICIENT (mV/ ° C) θV Z , TEMPERATURE COEFFICIENT (mV/ °C) a. Range for Units to 12 Volts +12 +10 +8 +6 +4 +2 V Z @ I ZT RANGE 0 -2 -4 4 3 2 6 5 7 8 10 9 11 70 50 30 20 V Z @ I ZT RANGE 10 7 5 3 2 1 12 10 20 V Z , ZENER VOLTAGE (VOLTS) 30 50 70 100 V Z , ZENER VOLTAGE (VOLTS) +6 175 θ VZ , TEMPERATURE COEFFICIENT (mV/ °C) θ JL , JUNCTION-TO-LEAD THERMAL RESISTANCE (mV/ °C) Figure 2. Temperature Coefficients (-55 °C to +150 °C temperature range; 90% of the units are in the ranges indicated.) 150 125 100 75 50 25 0 V Z @ IZ TA = 25 °C +4 +2 20 mA 0 0.01 mA 1 mA -2 NOTE: BELOW 3 VOLTS AND ABOVE 8 VOLTS NOTE: CHANGES IN ZENER CURRENT DO NOT NOTE: EFFECT TEMPERATURE COEFFICIENTS -4 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 4 3 7 6 5 8 V Z , ZENER VOLTAGE (VOLTS) L, LEAD LENGTH TO HEAT SINK (INCHES) Figure 3. Typical Thermal Resistance versus Lead Length Figure 4. Effect of Zener Current P pk , PEAK SURGE POWER (WATTA) 100 70 50 30 RECT ANGULAR WAVEFORM T J = 25°C PRIOR TO INITIAL PULSE 11 V - 100 V NONREPETITIVE 5% DUTY CYCLE 3.3 V - 10 V NONREPETITIVE 20 10 10% DUTY CYCLE 7 5 20% DUTY CYCLE 3 2 1 0.01 0.02 0.05 0.1 0.2 0.5 1 2 5 10 PW, PULSE WIDTH (ms) This graph represents 90 percentile data points. For worst case design characteristics, multiply surge power by 2/3. Figure 5. Maximum Surge Power http://www.takcheong.com 5 20 50 100 200 500 1000 1N4728A Series 1000 1000 700 500 T J = 25 °C iZ (rms) = 0.1 IZ (dc) f = 60 Hz V Z = 2.7 V Z Z , DYNAMIC IMPEDANCE (OHMS) Z Z , DYNAMIC IMPEDANCE (OHMS) 500 200 47 V 100 27 V 50 20 10 6.2 V 5 T J = 25 °C iZ (rms) = 0.1 IZ (dc) f = 60 Hz IZ = 1 mA 200 100 70 50 5 mA 20 20 mA 10 7 5 2 2 1 1 0.1 0.2 0.5 1 2 5 10 20 50 1 100 2 3 5 7 Figure 6. Effect of Zener Current on Zener Impedance 20 30 50 70 100 Figure 7. Effect of Zener Voltage on Zener Impedance 10000 7000 5000 400 300 200 TYPICAL LEAKAGE CURRENT AT 80% OF NOMINAL 2000 0 V BIAS 100 C, CAP ACIT ANCE (pF) BREAKDOWN VOLTAGE 1000 700 500 200 100 70 50 I R , LEAKAGE CURRENT ( m A) 10 V Z, ZENER VOLTAGE (V) IZ, ZENER CURRENT (mA) 1 V BIAS 50 20 10 8 50% OF BREAKDOWN BIAS 20 4 10 7 5 1 2 5 10 20 50 100 V Z , NOMINAL V Z (VOLTS) Figure 9. Typical Capacitance versus VZ 2 1 0.7 0.5 1000 +125 °C I F , FOR WARD CURRENT (mA) 0.2 0.1 0.07 0.05 0.02 0.01 0.007 0.005 MINIMUM 500 +25 °C MAXIMUM 200 100 50 75 °C 20 10 25 °C 5 150 °C 0 °C 2 0.002 1 0.001 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 0.4 0.5 V Z , NOMINAL ZENER VOL T AGE (VOLTS) 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 V F , FORWARD VOLTAGE (VOLTS) Figure 10. Typical Forward Characteristics Figure 8. Typical Leakage Current http://www.takcheong.com 6 1.1 1N4728A Series APPLICATION NOTE Since the actual voltage available from a given zener diode is temperature dependent, it is necessary to determine junction temperature under any set of operating conditions in order to calculate its value. The following procedure is recommended: Lead Temperature, TL, should be determined from: TL = θLAPD + TA. θLA is the lead-to-ambient thermal resistance (°C/W) and PD is the power dissipation. The value for θLA will vary and depends on the device mounting method. θLA is generally 30 to 40°C/W for the various clips and tie points in common use and for printed circuit board wiring. The temperature of the lead can also be measured using a thermocouple placed on the lead as close as possible to the tie point. The thermal mass connected to the tie point is normally large enough so that it will not significantly respond to heat surges generated in the diode as a result of pulsed operation once steady-state conditions are achieved. Using the measured value of TL, the junction temperature may be determined by: ∆TJL is the increase in junction temperature above the lead temperature and may be found as follows: ∆TJL = θJLPD. θJL may be determined from Figure 3 for dc power conditions. For worst-case design, using expected limits of IZ, limits of PD and the extremes of TJ(∆TJ) may be estimated. Changes in voltage, VZ, can then be found from: ∆V = θVZ ∆TJ. θVZ, the zener voltage temperature coefficient, is found from Figure 2. Under high power-pulse operation, the zener voltage will vary with time and may also be affected significantly by the zener resistance. For best regulation, keep current excursions as low as possible. Surge limitations are given in Figure 5. They are lower than would be expected by considering only junction temperature, as current crowding effects cause temperatures to be extremely high in small spots, resulting in device degradation should the limits of Figure 5 be exceeded. TJ = TL + ∆TJL. http://www.takcheong.com 7