Low-Pass

2
25 Locust St, Haverhill, Massachusetts 01830 • Tel: 800/252-7074, 978/374-0761 • FAX: 978/521-1839
e-mail: [email protected] • Web Address: http://www.freqdev.com
3
4
25 Locust St, Haverhill, Massachusetts 01830 • Tel: 800/252-7074, 978/374-0761 • FAX: 978/521-1839
e-mail: [email protected] • Web Address: http://www.freqdev.com
10
25 Locust St., Haverhill, Massachusetts 01830 ∞ Tel:5 800/252-7074, 978/374-0761 ∞ FAX:978/521-1839
25 Locust St, Haverhill,
01830∞ Web
• Tel:Address:
800/252-7074,
978/374-0761 • FAX: 978/521-1839
http://www.freqdev.com
e-mail: Massachusetts
[email protected]
e-mail: [email protected] • Web Address: http://www.freqdev.com
6
7
25 Locust St, Haverhill, Massachusetts 01830 • Tel: 800/252-7074, 978/374-0761 • FAX: 978/521-1839
e-mail: [email protected] • Web Address: http://www.freqdev.com
8
25 Locust St, Haverhill, Massachusetts 01830 • Tel: 800/252-7074, 978/374-0761 • FAX: 978/521-1839
e-mail: [email protected] • Web Address: http://www.freqdev.com
9
25 Locust St, Haverhill, Massachusetts 01830 • Tel: 800/252-7074, 978/374-0761 • FAX: 978/521-1839
e-mail: [email protected] • Web Address: http://www.freqdev.com
9002 Instrument
Specifications
Filter Options
Product Model
Transfer Function
LP00 – Low Pass
8-Pole
Butterworth
LP01 – Low Pass
8-Pole, 6-Zero
elliptic
LP02 – Low Pass
8-Pole
Bessel
LP03 – Low Pass
8-Pole, 6-Zero
constant delay
Tuning Range
0.1 Hz to 102.4 kHz
0.1 Hz to 102.4 kHz
0.1 Hz to 102.4 kHz
0.1 Hz to 102.4 kHz
Theoretical Transfer
Characteristics
Appendix A
Page 9
Appendix A
Page 24
Appendix A
Page 4
Appendix A
Page 21
0.0 dB
±0.035 dB
0.0 dB
0.10 dB
0 ± 0.2 dB
0 ± 0.2 dB
0 ± 0.2 dB
0 ± 0.2 dB
Accuracy
Amplitude
Phase
Attenuation Rate
48 dB/octave
fc
±2% max.
-3 dB
-360°
Attenuation
80 dB
fr
± 2% max.
-0.035 dB
-323°
Attenuation Rate
48 dB/octave
fc
± 2% max.
-3 dB
-182°
Attenuation
80 dB
fc
± 2% max.
-3 dB
-306°
Phase Match1
0 - fc
Passband Ripple
(theoretical)
Pass Band Gain
(non-inverting)
Stop Band
±2º max.
±1º typ.
0 – 0.8fr
0.8fr - fr
Filter Attenuation
(theoretical)
Amplitude Match1
0.12 dB
3.01 dB
60.0 dB
80.0 dB
0.80 fc
1.00 fc
2.37 fc
3.16 fc
0.035 dB
3.01 dB
60.0 dB
80.0 dB
±2º max.
±1º typ.
±4º max.
±2º typ.
1.00 fr
1.13 fr
1.67 fr
1.77 fr
0 - fc
±2º max.
±1º typ.
0 – 0.8fc
0.8fc – fc
1.91 dB
3.01 dB
60.0 dB
80.0 dB
0.80 fc
1.00 fc
4.52 fc
6.07 fc
3.01 dB
60.0 dB
80.0 dB
±2º max.
±1º typ.
±4º max.
±2º typ.
1.00 fc
3.08 fc
3.57 fc
0 - 0.8 fc
±0.2 dB max.
±0.1 dB typ.
0.8 fc - fc
±0.3 dB max.
±0.15 dB typ.
0 - 0.8 fr
±0.2 dB max.
±0.1 dB typ.
0.8 fr - fr
±0.4 dB max.
±0.2 dB typ.
0 - fc
±0.2 dB max.
±0.1 dB typ.
0 - 0.8 fc
±0.2 dB max.
±0.1 dB typ.
0.8 fc – fc
±0.4 dB max.
±0.2 dB typ.
Total Harmonic
Distortion2 @ 1 kHz
<-90dB typ. @ 3Vrms
<-85dB typ. @ 3Vrms
<-90dB typ. @ 3Vrms
<-90dB typ. @ 3Vrms
Broad Band Noise2
200µVrms typ.
200µVrms typ.
200µVrms typ.
200µVrms typ.
<100nV/ Hz typ.
<100nV/ Hz typ.
<100nV/ Hz typ.
<100nV/ Hz typ.
(theoretical)
(5 Hz to 2MHz)
Narrow Band Noise2
Note 1: Channel to channel match for the same transfer function set to the same frequency and operating configuration.
Note 2: See text on pages 8 and 9 for definition and description.
10
25 Locust St, Haverhill, Massachusetts 01830 • Tel: 800/252-7074, 978/374-0761 • FAX: 978/521-1839
e-mail: [email protected] • Web Address: http://www.freqdev.com
9002 Instrument
Specifications
Filter Options
Product Model
Transfer Function
LP05 – Low Pass
8-Pole, 6-Zero
elliptic
LP06 – Low Pass
4-Pole
Bessel
LP07 – Low Pass
4-Pole
Butterworth
LP08 – Low Pass
8-Pole
Bessel
Tuning Range
0.1 Hz to 204.8 kHz
0.1 Hz to 102.4 kHz
0.1 Hz to 102.4 kHz
0.1 Hz to 204.8 kHz
Theoretical Transfer
Characteristics
Appendix A
Page 24
Appendix A
Page 2
Appendix A
Page 7
Appendix A
Page 4
±0.035 dB
0.0 dB
0.0 dB
0.0 dB
0 ± 0.2 dB
0 ± 0.2 dB
0 ± 0.2 dB
0 ± 0.2 dB
Attenuation Rate
24 dB/octave
Attenuation Rate
24 dB/octave
Attenuation Rate
48 dB/octave
Accuracy
Amplitude
Phase
Attenuation
fr < 100 kHz -80 dB
fr > 100 kHz -70 dB
fr
±2% max.
-0.035 dB
-323°
Phase Match1
0 – 0.8fr
Passband Ripple
(theoretical)
Pass Band Gain
(non-inverting)
Stop Band
0.8fr - fr
Filter Attenuation
(theoretical)
Amplitude Match1
0.035 dB
3.01 dB
60.0 dB
80.0 dB
±4º max.
±2º typ.
±8º max.
±4º typ.
1.00 fr
1.13 fr
1.67 fr
1.77 fr
± 2% max.
-3 dB
-121°
fc
±2º max.
±1º typ.
0 - fc
1.86 dB
3.01 dB
30.0 dB
40.0 dB
0.80 fc
1.00 fc
3.50 fc
4.72 fc
fc
± 2% max.
-3 dB
-180°
fc
± 2% max.
-3 dB
-182°
0 - fc
±2º max.
±1º typ.
0 - fc
±4º max.
±2º typ.
0.67 dB
3.01 dB
30.0 dB
40.0 dB
0.80 fc
1.00 fc
2.37 fc
3.16 fc
1.91 dB
3.01 dB
60.0 dB
80.0 dB
0.80 fc
1.00 fc
4.52 fc
6.07 fc
0 - 0.8 fr
±0.5 dB max.
±0.2 dB typ.
0.8 fr – fr
±1.0 dB max.
±0.4 dB typ.
0 - fc
±0.2 dB max.
±0.1 dB typ.
0 - 0.8 fc
±0.2 dB max.
±0.1 dB typ.
0.8 fc - fc
±0.3 dB max.
±0.15 dB typ.
0 - fc
±0.4 dB max.
±0.2 dB typ.
Total Harmonic
Distortion2 @ 1 kHz
<-85dB typ. @ 3Vrms
<-90dB typ. @ 3Vrms
<-90dB typ. @ 3Vrms
<-90dB typ. @ 3Vrms
Broad Band Noise2
400µVrms typ.
200µVrms typ.
200µVrms typ.
400µVrms typ.
<100nV/ Hz typ.
<100nV/ Hz typ.
<100nV/ Hz typ.
<100nV/ Hz typ.
(theoretical)
(5 Hz to 2 MHz)
Narrow Band Noise2
Note 1: Channel to channel match for the same transfer function set to the same frequency and operating configuration.
Note 2: See text on pages 8 and 9 for definition and description.
11
11
Locust
Haverhill,
Massachusetts01830
01830•∞Tel:
Tel: 800/252-7074,
800/252-7074, 978/374-0761
25 25
Locust
St,St.,
Haverhill,
Massachusetts
978/374-0761 ∞•FAX:978/521-1839
FAX: 978/521-1839
e-mail: [email protected] ∞ Web Address: http://www.freqdev.com
e-mail: [email protected] • Web Address: http://www.freqdev.com
9002 Instrument
Specifications
Filter Options
Product Model
Transfer Function
LP09 – Low Pass
8-Pole
Butterworth
HP00 – High Pass
8-Pole
Butterworth
HP01 – High Pass
8-Pole, 6-Zero
elliptic
HP05 – High Pass
8-Pole, 6-Zero
elliptic
Tuning Range
0.1 Hz to 204.8 kHz
0.1 Hz to 102.4 kHz
0.1 Hz to 102.4 kHz
0.1 Hz to 204.8 kHz
Theoretical Transfer
Characteristics
Passband Ripple
Appendix A
Page 9
Appendix A
Page 29
±0.035 dB
±0.035 dB
NA
0 ± 0.2dB to 100kHz
0 ± 0.5dB to 120kHz
120 kHz
0 ± 0.2dB to 100kHz
0 ± 0.5dB to 120kHz
120 kHz
0 ± 0.5dB to 100kHz
0 ± 1.0dB to 200kHz
120 kHz
NA
(-6 dB) 1 MHz
(-6 dB) 1 MHz
(-6 dB) 1 MHz
Attenuation Rate
48 dB/octave
Attenuation
80 dB
Attenuation
fr < 100 kHz -80 dB
fr > 100 kHz -70 dB
fr
± 2% max.
-0.035 dB
-323.5°
0 ± 0.2 dB
(non-inverting)
Power Bandwidth
Small Signal
Bandwidth
Stop Band
Attenuation Rate
48 dB/octave
Accuracy
Amplitude
Phase
fc
Phase Match1
0 - fc
Filter Attenuation
(theoretical)
Amplitude Match1
0.12 dB
3.01 dB
60.0 dB
80.0 dB
Appendix A
Page 37
0.0 dB
0.0 dB
(theoretical)
Pass Band Gain
Appendix A
Page 37
±2% max.
-3 dB
-360°
±4º max.
±2º typ.
0.80 fc
1.00 fc
2.37 fc
3.16 fc
± 2% max.
-3 dB
-360°
fc
±3º max.
±1.5º typ.
fc to
100 kHz
-83 dB
-48 dB
-3.01 dB
-0.01 dB
0.30 fc
0.50 fc
1.00 fc
1.50 fc
fr
± 2% max.
-0.035 dB
-323.5°
fr –
1.25 fr
1.25fr 100 kHz
±4º max.
±2º typ.
±2º max.
±1º typ.
0.8fr to
100 kHz
±8º max.
±2º typ.
±4º max.
±1º typ.
-80.0 dB
-60.0 dB
-0.03 dB
0.00 dB
0.56 fr
0.60 fr
1.00 fr
2.00 fr
-80.0 dB
-60.0 dB
-0.03 dB
0.00 dB
0.56 fr
0.60 fr
1.00 fr
2.00 fr
fr – 0.8fr
0 - 0.8 fc
±0.4 dB max.
±0.2 dB typ.
0.8 fc - fc
±0.6 dB max.
±0.3 dB typ.
fc – 1.25 fc
±0.3 dB max.
±0.15 dB typ.
1.25 fc – 100 kHz
±0.2 dB max.
±0.1 dB typ.
fr – 1.25 fr
±0.4 dB max.
±0.2 dB typ.
1.25 fr – 100 kHz
±0.2 dB max.
±0.1 dB typ
fr – 1.25 fr
±1.0 dB max.
±0.2 dB typ.
1.25 fr – 200 kHz
±0.5 dB max.
±0.1 dB typ
Total Harmonic
Distortion2 @ 1 kHz
<-90dB typ. @ 3Vrms
<-90dB typ. @ 3Vrms
<-85dB typ. @ 3Vrms
<-85dB typ. @ 3Vrms
Broad Band Noise2
400µVrms typ.
400µVrms typ.
400µVrms typ.
1mVrms typ.
<100nV/ Hz typ.
<100nV/ Hz typ.
<100nV/ Hz typ.
<100nV/ Hz typ.
(theoretical)
(5 Hz – 2 MHz)
Narrow Band Noise2
Note 1: Channel to channel match for the same transfer function set to the same frequency and operating configuration.
12
12
25 Locust St., Haverhill, Massachusetts 01830 ∞ Tel: 800/252-7074, 978/374-0761 ∞ FAX:978/521-1839
25 Locust St, Haverhill,
Massachusetts 01830∞ Web
• Tel:Address:
800/252-7074,
978/374-0761 • FAX: 978/521-1839
http://www.freqdev.com
e-mail: [email protected]
e-mail: [email protected] • Web Address: http://www.freqdev.com
9002 Instrument
Specifications
Filter Options
Product Model
Transfer Function
HP07 – High Pass
4-Pole
Butterworth
HP09 – High Pass
8-Pole
Butterworth
Tuning Range
0.1 Hz to 102.4 kHz
0.1 Hz to 204.8 kHz
Theoretical Transfer
Characteristics
Pass Band Ripple
Appendix A
Page 27
Appendix A
Page 29
0.0 dB
0.0 dB
0 ± 0.2dB to 100kHz
0 ± 0.5dB to 120kHz
120 kHz
0 ± 0.5dB to 100kHz
0 ± 1.0dB to 200kHz
120 kHz
(-6 dB) 1 MHz
(-6 dB) 1 MHz
Attenuation Rate
24 dB/octave
fc
±2% max.
-3 dB
-180°
Attenuation Rate
48 dB/octave
fc
± 2% max.
-3 dB
-360°
(theoretical)
Pass Band Gain
(non-inverting)
Power Bandwidth
Small Signal
Bandwidth
Stop Band
Accuracy
Amplitude
Phase
Phase Match1
Filter Attenuation
(theoretical)
Amplitude Match1
fc –
100kHz
-40 dB
-30 dB
-3.01 dB
-0.02 dB
±3º max.
±1.5º typ.
0.31 fc
0.42 fc
1.00 fc
2.00 fc
±6º max.
±3º typ.
fc –
200kHz
-83 dB
-48 dB
-3.01 dB
-0.01 dB
0.30 fc
0.50 fc
1.00 fc
1.50 fc
fc – 1.25 fc
±0.3 dB max.
±0.15 dB typ.
1.25 fc – 100 kHz
±0.2 dB max.
±0.1 dB typ.
fc – 1.25 fc
±0.6 dB max.
±0.3 dB typ.
1.25 fc – 200 kHz
±0.4 dB max.
±0.2 dB typ.
Total Harmonic
Distortion2 @ 1 kHz
<-90dB typ. @ 3Vrms
<-90dB typ. @ 3Vrms
Broad Band Noise2
400µVrms typ.
1mVrms typ.
<100nV/ Hz typ.
<100nV/ Hz typ.
(5 Hz – 2 MHz)
Narrow Band Noise2
Note 1: Channel to channel match for the same transfer function set to the same frequency and operating configuration.
Note 2: See text on pages 8 and 9 for definition and description.
13
13
25 Locust St., Haverhill, Massachusetts 01830 ∞ Tel: 800/252-7074, 978/374-0761 ∞ FAX:978/521-1839
25 Locust St, Haverhill, Massachusetts 01830 • Tel: 800/252-7074, 978/374-0761 • FAX: 978/521-1839
e-mail: [email protected] ∞ Web Address: http://www.freqdev.com
e-mail: [email protected] • Web Address: http://www.freqdev.com
Low-Pass
4-Pole
Appendix A
Bessel
Theoretical Transfer Characteristics
1
f/fc
Amp
Phase
Delay
(Hz)
(dB)
(deg)
(sec)
0.00
0.00
0.00
.336
0.10
-0.028
-12.1
.336
0.20
-0.111
-24.2
.336
0.30
-0.251
-36.3
.336
0.40
-0.448
-48.4
.336
0.50
-0.705
-60.6
.336
0.60
-1.02
-72.7
.336
0.70
-1.41
-84.8
.336
0.80
-1.86
-96.8
.335
0.85
-2.11
-103
.334
0.90
-2.40
-109
.333
0.95
-2.69
-115
.332
1.00
-3.01
-121
.330
1.10
-3.71
-133
.325
1.20
-4.51
-144
.318
1.30
-5.39
-156
.308
-166
1.40
-6.37
.295
-177
1.50
-7.42
.280
-187
1.60
-8.54
.263
-195
1.70
-9.71
.246
-204
1.80
-10.9
.228
1.90
-12.2
-212
.211
2.00
-13.4
-219
.194
2.25
-16.5
-235
.158
2.50
-19.5
-248
.129
2.75
-22.4
-259
.107
-267
3.00
-25.1
.089
-275
3.25
-27.6
.076
-281
3.50
-30.0
.065
-291
4.00
-34.4
.049
-305
5.00
-41.9
.031
6.00
-315
.021
-48.1
7.00
-321
.016
-53.4
8.00
-326
.012
-58.0
9.00
-330
.009
-62.0
10.0
-333
.008
-65.7
Frequency Response
Amp (dB)
0
-40
-60
-80
-100
0.1
2
3 4 5 6 78
1.0 2 3 4 5 6 7 10.0
Normalized Frequency(f/fc)
Delay (Normalized)
Delay (sec)
1.0
0.5
0.0
0.1
0.15 2
3
4
5 6 7 89
1.0 1.5
Normalized Time (1/f sec)
Step Response (V/V)
Step Response
1.Normalized Group Delay:
The above delay data is normalized to a corner frequency
of 1.0Hz.The actual delay is the normalized delay divided
by the actual corner frequency (fc).
Actual Delay =
-20
1.2
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
-0.0
-0.2
0
1
2
3
4
Normalized Time (1/f sec)
Normalized Delay
Actual Corner Frequency (fc) in Hz
2
25 Locust St., Haverhill, Massachusetts 01830 ∑Tel :800/252-7074, 978/374-0761 ∑FAX:978/521-1839
e-mail: [email protected] ∑Web Address: http://www.freqdev.com ∑Fax on Demand: 978/521-5178
5
8-Pole
Bessel
Appendix A
Low-Pass
Theoretical Transfer Characteristics
1
f/fc
Amp
Phase
Delay
(Hz)
(dB)
(deg)
(sec)
0.00
0.00
0.00
.506
0.10
-0.029
-18.2
.506
0.20
-0.117
-36.4
.506
0.30
-0.264
-54.7
.506
0.40
-0.470
-72.9
.506
0.50
-0.737
-91.1
.506
0.60
-1.06
-109
.506
0.70
-1.45
-128
.506
0.80
-1.91
-146
.506
0.85
-2.16
-155
.506
0.90
-2.42
-164
.506
0.95
-2.71
-173
.506
1.00
-3.01
-182
.506
-3.67
1.10
-200
.506
-4.40
1.20
-219
.506
-5.20
1.30
-237
.506
1.40
-6.10
-255
.505
1.50
-7.08
-273
.504
1.60
-8.16
-291
.502
1.70
-9.36
-309
.498
1.80
-10.7
-327
.492
1.90
-12.1
-345
.482
2.00
-13.7
-362
.468
2.25
-18.1
-402
.417
2.50
-23.1
-436
.352
2.75
-28.3
-465
.291
3.00
-33.4
-489
.241
3.25
-38.3
-509
.201
3.50
-43.1
-526
.170
4.00
-51.8
-552
.126
5.00
-66.8
-587
.077
6.00
-79.2
-610
.052
7.00
-89.8
-626
.038
8.00
-99.0
-638
.029
9.00
-107
-647
.023
10.0
-114
-655
.018
Frequency Response
Amp (dB)
0
-40
-60
-80
-100
0.1
2
3 4 5 6 78
1.0 2 3 4 5 6 7 10.0
Normalized Frequency(f/fc)
Delay (Normalized)
Delay (sec)
1.0
0.5
0.0
0.1
0.15 2
3
4
5 6 7 89
1.0
1.5
Normalized Time (1/f sec)
Step Response (V/V)
Step Response
1.Normalized Group Delay:
The above delay data is normalized to a corner frequency
of 1.0Hz.The actual delay is the normalized delay divided
by the actual corner frequency (fc).
Actual Delay =
-20
1.2
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
-0.0
-0.2
0
1
2
3
4
Normalized Time (1/f sec)
Normalized Delay
Actual Corner Frequency (fc) in Hz
4
25 Locust St., Haverhill, Massachusetts 01830 ∑Tel:800/252-7074, 978/374-0761 ∑FAX:978/521-1839
e-mail: [email protected] ∑Web Address: http://www.freqdev.com ∑Fax on Demand: 978/521-5178
5
Low-Pass
4-Pole
Appendix A
Butterworth
Theoretical Transfer Characteristics
1
f/fc
Amp
Phase
Delay
(Hz)
(dB)
(deg)
(sec)
0.00
0.00
0.00
.416
0.10
0.00
-15.0
.418
0.20
0.00
-30.1
.423
0.30
-0.00
-45.5
.433
0.40
-0.003
-61.4
.449
0.50
-0.017
-78.0
.474
0.60
-0.072
-95.7
.511
0.70
-0.243
-115
.558
0.80
-0.674
-136
.604
0.85
-1.047
-147
.619
0.90
-1.555
-158
.622
0.95
-2.21
-169
.612
1.00
-3.01
-180
.588
1.10
-4.97
-200
.513
1.20
-7.24
-217
.427
1.30
-9.62
-231
.350
1.40
-12.0
-242
.289
1.50
-14.3
-252
.241
1.60
-16.4
-260
.204
1.70
-18.5
-266
.175
1.80
-20.5
-272
.152
1.90
-22.3
-277
.134
2.00
-24.1
-282
.119
2.25
-28.2
-291
.091
2.50
-31.8
-299
.072
2.75
-35.1
-304
.059
3.00
-38.2
-309
.049
3.25
-41.0
-313
.041
3.50
-43.5
-317
.035
4.00
-48.2
-322
.027
5.00
-55.9
-330
.017
6.00
-62.3
-335
.012
7.00
-67.6
-339
.009
8.00
-72.2
-341
.007
9.00
-76.3
-343
.005
-80.0
10.0
-345
.004
Frequency Response
Amp (dB)
0
-40
-60
-80
-100
0.1
2
3 4 5 6 78
1.0 2 3 4 5 6 7 10.0
Normalized Frequency(f/fc)
Delay (Normalized)
Delay (sec)
2.0
1.0
0.0
0.1
0.15 2
3
4
5 6 7 89
1.0 1.5
Normalized Frequency(f/fc)
Step Response (V/V)
Step Response
1.Normalized Group Delay:
The above delay data is normalized to a corner frequency
of 1.0Hz.The actual delay is the normalized delay divided
by the actual corner frequency (fc).
Actual Delay =
-20
1.2
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
-0.0
0
1
2
3
4
Normalized Time (1/f sec)
Normalized Delay
Actual Corner Frequency (fc) in Hz
7
25 Locust St., Haverhill, Massachusetts 01830 ∑Tel :800/252-7074, 978/374-0761 ∑FAX:978/521-1839
e-mail: [email protected] ∑Web Address: http://www.freqdev.com ∑Fax on Demand: 978/521-5178
5
Low-Pass
8-Pole
Appendix A
Butterworth
Theoretical Transfer Characteristics
1
f/fc
Amp
Phase
Delay
(Hz)
(dB)
(deg)
(sec)
0.00
0.00
0.00
.816
0.10
0.00
-29.4
.819
0.20
0.00
-59.0
.828
0.30
0.00
-89.1
.843
0.40
0.00
-120
.867
0.50
0.00
-152
.903
0.60
-0.001
-185
.956
0.70
-0.014
-221
1.04
0.80
-0.121
-261
1.19
0.85
-0.311
-283
1.29
0.90
-0.738
-307
1.40
0.95
-1.58
-333
1.48
1.00
-3.01
-360
1.46
1.10
-7.48
-408
1.17
1.20
-12.9
-445
.873
1.30
-18.2
-472
.672
1.40
-494
.540
-23.4
1.50
-511
.448
-28.2
1.60
-526
.380
-32.7
1.70
-539
.328
-36.9
1.80
-550
.287
-40.8
1.90
-44.6
-560
.253
2.00
-48.2
-568
.226
2.25
-56.3
-586
.174
2.50
-63.7
-600
.139
2.75
-70.3
-611
.113
3.00
-76.3
-621
.094
3.25
-81.9
-629
.080
3.50
-87.1
-635
.069
4.00
-96.3
-646
.052
5.00
-112
-661
.033
6.00
-125
-671
.023
7.00
-135
-678
.017
8.00
-144
-683
.013
9.00
-153
-687
.010
10.0
-160
-691
.008
Frequency Response
Amp (dB)
0
-40
-60
-80
-100
0.1
2
3 4 5 6 78 1.0
2
3 4 5 67
10.0
Normalized Frequency(f/fc)
Delay (Normalized)
Delay (sec)
2.0
1.0
0.0
0.1
0.15 2
3
4
5 6 7 8 9 1.0 1.5
Normalized Time (1/f sec)
Step Response (V/V)
Step Response
1.Normalized Group Delay:
The above delay data is normalized to a corner frequency
of 1.0Hz.The actual delay is the normalized delay divided
by the actual corner frequency (fc).
Actual Delay =
-20
1.2
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
-0.0
0
1
2
3
4
Normalized Time (1/f sec)
Normalized Delay
Actual Corner Frequency (fc) in Hz
9
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e-mail: [email protected] ∑Web Address: http://www.freqdev.com ∑Fax on Demand: 978/521-5178
5
8-Pole, 6-Zero
Constant Delay
Appendix A
Low-Pass (80 dB)
Theoretical Transfer Characteristics
1
f/fc
Amp
Phase
Delay
(Hz)
(dB)
(deg)
(sec)
0.00
0.00
.852
0.00
0.017
-30.7
.852
0.10
0.058
-61.3
.852
0.20
0.099
-92.0
.852
0.30
0.105
-123
.852
0.40
0.034
-153
.852
0.50
-0.157
-184
.852
0.60
-0.510
-215
.852
0.70
-1.07
-245
.851
0.80
-1.44
-261
.850
0.85
-1.89
-276
.849
0.90
-2.41
-291
.846
0.95
-3.01
-306
.841
1.00
-4.50
-336
.821
1.10
-6.39
-365
.783
1.20
-11.3
-417
.656
1.40
-17.1
-459
.512
1.60
-23.2
-492
.396
1.80
-29.1
-517
.312
2.00
-36.3
-542
.239
2.25
2.50
-43.4
-561
.189
2.75
-50.3
-576
.153
3.00
-57.6
-589
.127
3.25
-62.5
-599
.107
3.50
-75.4
-608
.092
3.75
-98.3
-616
.079
4.00
-86.3
-442
.069
4.25
-84.1
-448
.061
4.50
-85.1
-454
.054
4.75
-87.9
-458
.049
5.00
-92.8
-462
.044
5.25
-104
-466
.040
5.50
-101
-289
.036
5.75
-93.3
-293
.033
6.00
-89.9
-295
.030
-86.6
-300
.026
6.50
-85.1
-305
.022
7.00
-84.1
-312
.017
8.00
-84.3
-317
.013
9.00
-84.9
-321
.011
10.0
Frequency Response
Amp (dB)
0
-40
-60
-80
-100
0.1
2
3 4 5 6 78
1.0 2 3 4 5 6 7 10.0
Normalized Frequency(f/fc)
Delay (Normalized)
Delay (sec)
1.0
0.5
0.0
0.1
0.15 2
3
4
5 6 7 89
1.0 1.5
Normalized Time (1/f sec)
Step Response (V/V)
Step Response
1.Normalized Group Delay:
The above delay data is normalized to a corner frequency
of 1.0Hz.The actual delay is the normalized delay divided
by the actual corner frequency (fc).
Actual Delay =
-20
Normalized Delay
1.2
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
-0.0
-0.2
0
1
2
3
4
Normalized Time (1/f sec)
Actual Corner Frequency (fc) in Hz
21
25 Locust St., Haverhill, Massachusetts 01830 ∑Tel :800/252-7074, 978/374-0761 ∑FAX:978/521-1839
e-mail: [email protected] ∑Web Address: http://www.freqdev.com ∑Fax on Demand: 978/521-5178
5
8-Pole, 6-Zero
Elliptic, 1.77
Appendix A
Low-Pass
Theoretical Transfer Characteristics
1
f/fc
Amp
Phase
Delay
(Hz)
(dB)
(deg)
(sec)
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.713
0.10
-0.004
-25.7
0.716
0.20
-0.014
-51.6
0.724
0.30
-0.024
-77.9
0.740
0.40
-0.020
-105
0.767
0.50
0.007
-133
0.811
0.55
0.022
-148
0.840
0.60
0.033
-163
0.872
0.65
0.031
-179
0.908
0.70
0.014
-196
0.946
0.75
-0.015
-213
0.989
0.80
-0.041
-232
1.04
0.85
-0.046
-251
1.12
0.90
-0.016
-272
1.23
0.95
-0.025
-296
1.40
1.00
-0.035
-323
1.65
1.10
-1.76
-392
2.14
1.20
-8.28
-467
1.86
1.30
-18.4
-522
1.19
1.40
-29.3
-558
0.753
1.50
-40.1
-578
0.517
1.60
-51.5
-594
0.381
1.70
-65.2
-606
0.296
1.75
-75.0
-611
0.265
1.80
-113.0
-616
0.239
1.85
-83.6
-440
0.217
1.90
-82.0
-444
0.198
1.95
-83.7
-447
0.182
2.00
-87.8
-450
0.168
2.20
-85.8
-280
0.126
2.40
-82.0
-289
0.099
2.60
-83.5
-295
0.081
2.80
-88.2
-301
0.067
3.00
-99.9
-305
0.057
3.50
-87.2
-134
0.040
4.00
-83.1
-140
0.030
5.00
-82.1
-148
0.018
6.00
-83.1
-154
0.013
7.00
-84.6
-157
0.009
8.00
-86.2
-160
0.007
9.00
-87.8
-163
0.005
10.0
-89.3
-164
0.004
Frequency Response
Amp (dB)
0
-40
-60
-80
-100
0.1
2
3 4 5 6 78
1.0 2 3 4 5 6 7 10.0
Normalized Frequency(f/fc)
Delay (Normalized)
Delay (sec)
4.0
2.0
0.8
0.0
0.1
0.15 2
3
4
5 6 7 89
1.0 1.5
Normalized Time (1/f sec)
Step Response (V/V)
Step Response
1.Normalized Group Delay:
The above delay data is normalized to a corner frequency
of 1.0Hz.The actual delay is the normalized delay divided
by the actual corner frequency (fc).
Actual Delay =
-20
1.2
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
-0.0
0
1
2
3
4
Normalized Time (1/f sec)
Normalized Delay
Actual Corner Frequency (fc) in Hz
24
25 Locust St., Haverhill, Massachusetts 01830 ∑Tel :800/252-7074, 978/374-0761 ∑FAX:978/521-1839
e-mail: [email protected] ∑Web Address: http://www.freqdev.com ∑Fax on Demand: 978/521-5178
5
High-Pass
4-Pole
Appendix A
Butterworth
Theoretical Transfer Characteristics
1
f/fc
Amp
Phase
Delay
(Hz)
(dB)
(deg)
(sec)
0.10
-80.0
345
.418
-55.9
0.20
330
.423
-41.8
0.30
314
.433
-31.8
0.40
299
.449
-24.1
0.50
282
.474
0.60
-17.8
264
.511
0.70
-12.6
245
.558
0.80
-8.43
224
.604
0.85
-6.69
213
.619
202
0.90
-5.22
.622
0.95
-3.99
191
.612
1.00
-3.01
180
.588
1.20
-0.908
143
.427
.289
1.40
-0.285
118
.204
1.60
-0.100
100
1.80
-0.039
87.6
.152
2.00
-0.017
78.0
.119
61.4
2.50
-0.003
.072
-0.001
50.7
3.00
.049
0.00
37.8
4.00
.027
5.00
0.00
30.1
.017
6.00
0.00
25.1
.012
7.00
0.00
21.4
.009
0.00
8.00
18.8
.007
0.00
9.00
16.7
.005
10.0
0.00
15.0
.004
Frequency Response
Amp (dB)
0
-20
-40
-60
-80
-100
0.1
2
3 4 5 6 78
1.0 2 3 4 5 6 7 10.0
Normalized Frequency(f/fc)
1.Normalized Group Delay:
The above delay data is normalized to a corner frequency
of 1.0Hz.The actual delay is the normalized delay divided
by the actual corner frequency (fc).
Actual Delay =
Normalized Delay
Actual Corner Frequency (fc) in Hz
27
25 Locust St., Haverhill, Massachusetts 01830 ∑Tel :800/252-7074, 978/374-0761 ∑FAX:978/521-1839
e-mail: [email protected] ∑Web Address: http://www.freqdev.com ∑Fax on Demand: 978/521-5178
High-Pass
8-Pole
Appendix A
Butterworth
Theoretical Transfer Characteristics
1
f/fc
Amp
Phase
Delay
(Hz)
(dB)
(deg)
(sec)
0.10
-160
691
0.819
0.20
-112
661
0.828
0.30
-83.7
631
0.843
0.40
-63.7
600
0.867
0.50
-48.2
568
0.903
0.60
-35.5
535
.956
499
0.70
-24.8
1.04
459
0.80
-15.6
1.19
437
0.85
-11.6
1.29
413
0.90
-8.06
1.40
0.95
-5.15
386
1.48
360
1.00
-3.01
1.46
275
1.20
-0.229
0.873
226
1.40
-0.020
0.540
-0.002
194
1.60
0.380
170
1.80
0.00
0.287
152
0.00
2.00
0.226
120
0.139
0.00
2.50
0.094
0.00
99.2
3.00
0.052
0.00
74.0
4.00
5.00
0.00
59.0
0.033
49.0
0.023
6.00
0.00
0.00
42.1
0.017
7.00
0.00
36.8
0.013
8.00
0.00
32.7
0.010
9.00
10.0
0.00
29.4
0.008
Frequency Response
Amp (dB)
0
-20
-40
-60
-80
-100
0.1
2
3 4 5 6 78
1.0 2 3 4 5 6 7 10.0
Normalized Frequency(f/fc)
1.Normalized Group Delay:
The above delay data is normalized to a corner frequency
of 1.0Hz.The actual delay is the normalized delay divided
by the actual corner frequency (fc).
Actual Delay =
Normalized Delay
Actual Corner Frequency (fc) in Hz
29
25 Locust St., Haverhill, Massachusetts 01830 ∑Tel :800/252-7074, 978/374-0761 ∑FAX:978/521-1839
e-mail: [email protected] ∑Web Address: http://www.freqdev.com ∑Fax on Demand: 978/521-5178
8-Pole, 6-Zero
Elliptic, 1.77
Appendix A
High-Pass
Theoretical Transfer Characteristics
1
f/fc
Amp
Phase
Delay
(Hz)
(dB)
(deg)
(sec)
0.10
-89.3
164
0.440
0.20
-82.1
148
0.459
0.30
-90.6
131
0.495
292
0.40
-82.4
0.559
-87.8
450
0.50
0.671
0.55
-90.0
0.761
437
-60.2
0.60
0.890
603
-32.4
0.70
1.37
563
-13.1
0.80
2.35
498
-6.28
0.85
2.77
451
0.90
-2.21
401
2.66
358
0.95
-0.51
2.15
324
1.00
-0.03
1.64
277
1.10
-0.01
1.04
225
1.20
-0.05
0.757
1.30
-0.03
221
0.596
1.40
0.01
201
0.486
1.50
0.03
185
0.409
1.60
0.03
172
0.347
1.70
0.03
160
0.299
1.80
0.02
150
0.260
1.90
0.01
141
0.229
2.00
0.01
133
0.203
2.50
-0.02
105
0.123
3.00
-0.02
86.9
0.083
4.00
-0.02
64.7
0.046
5.00
-0.01
51.6
0.029
6.00
-0.01
42.9
0.020
-0.01
0.015
7.00
36.8
-0.01
0.011
8.00
32.1
9.00
-0.01
28.6
0.009
10.0
0.00
25.7
0.007
Frequency Response
Amp (dB)
0
-20
-40
-60
-80
-100
0.1
2
3 4 5 6 78 1.0
2
3 4 5 67
10.0
Normalized Frequency(f/fc)
1.Normalized Group Delay:
The above delay data is normalized to a corner frequency
of 1.0Hz.The actual delay is the normalized delay divided
by the actual corner frequency (fc).
Actual Delay =
Normalized Delay
Actual Corner Frequency (fc) in Hz
37
25 Locust St., Haverhill, Massachusetts 01830 ∑Tel :800/252-7074, 978/374-0761 ∑FAX:978/521-1839
e-mail: [email protected] ∑Web Address: http://www.freqdev.com ∑Fax on Demand: 978/521-5178