ruggedized high temperature photomultiplier tubes

Introduction
This catalog provides the latest information for Hamamatsu ruggedized high temperature photomultiplier tubes
ranging in diameter from 13 mm (1/2") to 51 mm (2"). All listed tubes employ high temperature bialkali photocathode that feature stable operation and long life at temperatures up to 90 °C, 175 °C or 200 °C. The electrode supporting structures have been designed so that tubes can be used in severe environments such as
may be found in oil well logging, geological exploration, and aerospace applications.
If you do not find the tube that meets your needs in this brochure, we will be pleased to custom produce a tube
or assembly for your unique requirements. We offer a wide variety of complete assemblies of tubes, sockets,
voltage dividers and tube shields which have been quality tested to assure reliable operation.
Applications
●Oil well logging (Wireline, MWD and LWD)
●Geological exploration
●Gauge meter
●Aerospace research
2
Contents
Introduction & application ................................................................................................................................... 2
Index by type number ........................................................................................................................................ 3
Quick reference ................................................................................................................................................. 4
13 mm (1/2") dia. types ...................................................................................................................................... 6
19 mm (3/4") dia. types ...................................................................................................................................... 8
25 mm (1") dia. types ....................................................................................................................................... 10
28 mm (1-1/8") dia. types ................................................................................................................................. 12
38 mm (1-1/2") dia. types ................................................................................................................................. 14
51 mm (2") dia. types ....................................................................................................................................... 16
Highly ruggedized types ................................................................................................................................... 16
Notes & basing diagram ................................................................................................................................... 18
Sockets ............................................................................................................................................................ 19
High voltage power supply module C12733-01 ................................................................................................ 20
1. General characteristics of photomultiplier tubes ................................................................................... 21
1-1 General characteristics ........................................................................................................................... 21
1-2 LLD during plateau measurement .......................................................................................................... 24
1-3 Plateau measurement using a blue LED ................................................................................................ 25
2. Technical information of photomultiplier tubes ...................................................................................... 27
2-1 Long life characteristics of R1288AH ..................................................................................................... 27
2-2 Comparison of pulse height resolution on different dia. PMTs
with same sized scintillators ................................................................................................................... 28
3. Technical information of photomultiplier tube assemblies .................................................................... 29
3-1 Count rate characteristics ...................................................................................................................... 29
Cautions and warranty ..................................................................................................................................... 30
Index by type number
R1288A ................................. 10
R1288A-01 ............................ 10
R1288A-04 ........................... 10
R1288A-06 ........................... 10
R1288A-07 ........................... 10
R1288A-08 ........................... 10
R1288A-27 ........................... 10
R1288A-28 ........................... 10
R1288A-31 ........................... 10
R1288AH .............................. 10
R1288AH-07 ......................... 10
R1288AH-27 ......................... 10
R1288AH-31 ......................... 10
R3991A ................................... 8
R3991A-04 .............................. 8
R3991A-07 .............................. 8
R3991A-27 .............................. 8
R3991A-28 .............................. 8
R3991A-31 .............................. 8
R3991AH ................................ 8
R3991AH-07 ........................... 8
R3991AH-27 ........................... 8
R3991AH-31 ........................... 8
R4177 ..................................... 6
R4177-01 ................................ 6
R4177-04 ................................ 6
R4177-06 ................................ 6
R4177-27 ................................ 6
R4177-28 ................................ 6
R4607A-01 ............................ 16
R4607A-06 ............................ 16
R4607A-27 ............................ 16
R4607A-28 ............................ 16
R5473-02 .............................. 16
R6877A ................................. 12
R6877A-01 ............................ 12
R6877A-04 ............................ 12
R6877A-06 ............................ 12
R6877A-07 ............................ 12
R6877A-08 ............................ 12
R6877A-27 ............................ 12
R6877A-28 ............................ 12
R6877A-31 ............................ 12
R8874-01............................... 16
R9722A ................................. 14
R9722A-01 ............................ 14
R9722A-04 ............................ 14
R9722A-06 ............................ 14
R9722A-27 ............................ 14
R9722A-28 ............................ 14
3
Quick reference
Diameter
Maximum
temperature
Temporary
base
Button stem
Assembly
R4177-04
R4177-06
R4177-28
Product photo
Standard types
90 °C
13 mm
(1/2")
R4177/-04
175 °C
R4177
R4177-01
R4177-27/-28
R4177-27
R4177-01/-06
90 °C
R3991A-04
R3991A-28
R3991A-07
19 mm
(3/4")
R3991A-07
175 °C
R3991A
R3991A-27
R3991A-31
R3991A/-04
R3991AH
R3991AH-07
R3991AH-07
200 °C
90 °C
25 mm
(1")
R3991AH
R1288A-04
R3991AH-27
R3991AH-31
R1288A-06
R3991A-27/-28/-31
R3991AH-27/-31
R1288A-08
R1288A-28
R1288A/-04
R1288A-07/-08
R1288AH
R1288AH-07
R1288A-01/-06
R1288A-27/-28/-31
R1288AH-27/-31
R1288A-07
175 °C
R1288A
R1288A-01
R1288A-27
R1288A-31
R1288AH-07
200 °C
R1288AH
R1288AH-27
R1288AH-31
4
Diameter
Maximum
temperature
Temporary
base
Button stem
R6877A-04
R6877A-06
Assembly
Product photo
Standard types
90 °C
R6877A-08
R6877A-28
28 mm
(1-1/8")
R6877A/-04
R6877A-07/-08
R6877A-01/-06
R6877A-27/-28/-31
R6877A-07
175 °C
R6877A
R6877A-01
R6877A-27
R6877A-31
90 °C
R9722A-04
R9722A-06
R9722A-28
38 mm
(1-1/2")
R9722A/-04
175 °C
R9722A
R9722A-01
R9722A-27/-28
R9722A-27
R9722A-01/-06
90 °C
R4607A-06
R4607A-28
175 °C
R4607A-01
R4607A-27
51 mm
(2")
R4607A-01/-06
R4607A-27/-28
Highly ruggedized types
19 mm
(3/4")
175 °C
R8874-01
R8874-01
25 mm
(1")
175 °C
R5473-02
R5473-02
Type No. are suitable for MWD application.
5
q
Maximum
temp.
w
Socket
or
resistor
value
Base configration
Type No.
e
Dynode structure
number of stages
y
Maximum ratings
r
t
MWD Anode to
appl. cathode
voltage
Average
anode
current
(V)
(°C)
Anode to
cathode
voltage
(mA)
u
Shock
(V)
13 mm (1/2") dia. types
90
175
R4177-04
Temporary base
E678-12R
R4177-06
Button stem
E678-13E
R4177-28
Assembly (S/S case)
1R=2 MΩ
R4177
Temporary base
E678-12R
R4177-01
Button stem
E678-13E
Assembly (S/S case)
1R=2 MΩ
R4177-27
Linear focused/10
—
1800
0.02
A
0.01
B
1500
0.02
A
0.01
B
5000 m/s2
(500 g)
0.5 ms
S/S: Stainless steel
Dimensional outlines and basing diagrams (Unit: mm)
R4177-01/-06
R4177/-04
14.5 ± 0.7
FACEPLATE
14.5 ± 0.7
10 MIN.
FACEPLATE
DY10
6
7
DY8
8
9
5
61 ± 2
3
DY3
11
2
12
1
13
61 ± 2
10 DY4
DY7 4
DY5
PHOTOCATHODE
DY6
DY2
IC
K
DY1
A
SHORT PIN
(4)
13 MAX.
DY9
(7.9)
P
PHOTOCATHODE
A Lead orientation bottom view
25.7°
10 MIN.
B Temporary base removed
B
DY9
SEMIFLEXIBLE
LEADS 0.5 MAX.
33 MIN.
13 MAX.
13 PIN BASE
DY10 DY8
7
8
DY6
9
P
6
5
DY7 4
10 DY4
DY5 3
11 DY2
DY3
C
2
13
1
DY1
K
C Bottom view
DY10
P
DY8
6
7
DY9
5
8
37.3 ± 0.5
12 PIN BASE
JEDEC No. B12-43
DY7 4
9 DY6
10 DY4
DY5 3
DY3
1
DY1
TPMHA0006EA
Distribution
ratio codes
A
10
B
Voltage distribution ratio
K: Cathode Dy: Dynode P: Anode
K
Dy1
Dy2
Dy3
Dy5
Dy6
Dy7
Dy8
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
* The parentheses indicate the value of capacitors in pF.
6
Dy4
DY2
12
K
TPMHA0007EC
Voltage distribution ratios
Number of
stages
11
2
Dy9
Dy10
P
1
1
1
1
1
1
* (4700) (4700) (4700)
i
Sine
vibration
o
Cathode sensitivity
Blue sensitivity
index (CS 5-58)
at 25 °C
Luminous
at 25 °C
Min.
Typ.
(µA/lm)
(µA/lm)
Min.
Anode sensitivity and characteristics
Gain
at 25 °C
Typ.
Typ.
Luminous
at 25 °C
!0
!1
Dark current
at 25 °C
at 175 °C
Min.
Typ.
Typ.
Max.
Typ.
(A/lm)
(A/lm)
(nA)
(nA)
(nA)
Type No.
R4177-04
20
30
3.0
4.5
6
200 m/s2
15
0.5
10
5 (90 °C)
R4177-28
5.0 × 105
(20 g)
20
40
4.0
6.0
R4177-06
R4177
10
20
0.5
10
100
R4177-01
R4177-27
R4177-27/-28 (See Note 2 on page 18)
0.5 ± 0.3
18.0 ± 0.2 FACEPLATE
14.5 ± 0.7
10 MIN.
PHOTOCATHODE
R11
ANODE OUTPUT
AWG22 (VIOLET)
GND/+HV
C3 AWG22 (RED)
R10
C2
R9
C1
STAINLESS
STEEL CASE
203 MIN.
ANODE OUTPUT
AWG22 (VIOLET)
HA-TREATMENT, MAGNETIC SHIELD
100 ± 1
P
DY10
DY9
DY8
DY7
DY6
DY5
DY4
DY3
DY2
DY1
K
R8
R7
R6
R5
R4
R3
R2
R1
-HV/GND
AWG22 (BLACK)
GND/+HV
AWG22 (RED)
-HV/GND
AWG22 (BLACK)
R1 to R11: 2 MΩ
C1 to C3: 4700 pF
TPMHA0032EE
7
q
Maximum
temp.
Type No.
w
e
Socket
or
resistor
value
Base configration
Dynode structure
number of stages
y
Maximum ratings
r
t
MWD Anode to
appl. cathode
voltage
Average
anode
current
(°C)
(V)
u
Anode to
cathode
voltage
(mA)
Shock
(V)
19 mm (3/4") dia. types
90
175
200
R3991A-04
Temporary base
R3991A-28
R3991A
E678-12R
0.02
C
Assembly (S/S case)
1R=2 MΩ
0.01
D
Temporary base
E678-12R
0.02
C
R3991A-07
Assembly
1R=2 MΩ
R3991A-27
Assembly (S/S case)
1R=2 MΩ
Circular and
0.01
D
R3991A-31
Assembly (S/S case)
1R=2 MΩ
linear focused/10
R3991AH
Temporary base
E678-12R
R3991AH-07
Assembly
1R=2 MΩ
R3991AH-27
Assembly (S/S case)
1R=2 MΩ
Assembly (S/S case)
1R=2 MΩ
R3991AH-31
—
1800
YES
1500
0.02
C
0.01
E
10 000 m/s2
(1000 g)
0.5 ms
—
YES
S/S: Stainless steel
Dimensional outlines and basing diagrams (Unit: mm)
R3991A/-04, R3991AH
R3991A-07, R3991AH-07 (See Note 2 on page 18)
0.5 ± 0.3
P
MAGNETIC
SHIELD CASE
10 DY8
DY5 3
11 DY6
37.3 ± 0.5
DY3
12
1
DY1
14
DY4
13
ANODE OUTPUT
AWG24 (VIOLET)
203 MIN.
45 MIN.
END CAP
DY7 4
2
DY7 4
R9 C1
DY8
R8
DY7
R7
DY6
R6
DY5
R5
DY4
R4
DY3
R3
DY2
R2
DY1
R1
K
GND/-HV
AWG24 (BLACK)
R1 : 6 MΩ
R2 to R11 : 2 MΩ
C1 to C3 : 4700 pF (R3991A-07)
2000 pF (R3991AH-07)
9 DY6
10 DY4
DY5 3
11
2
DY3
R10 C2
+HV/GND
AWG24 (RED)
C Bottom view
P
DY10
6
7
DY9
DY8
5
8
1
12
DY1
DY2
K
TPMHA0361ED
TPMHA0563EB
Voltage distribution ratios
Number of
stages
Distribution
ratio codes
C
10
D
E
Voltage distribution ratio
K: Cathode Dy: Dynode P: Anode
K
Dy1
Dy2
Dy3
Dy5
Dy6
Dy7
Dy8
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Dy9
Dy10
P
1
1
1
1
1
1
* (4700) (4700) (4700)
1
1
* The parentheses indicate the value of capacitors in pF.
8
Dy4
3
3
+HV/GND
AWG 24 (RED)
DY9
GND/-HV
AWG24 (BLACK)
DY2
K
DY10
PHOTOCATHODE
B Temporary base removed
P
6
DY10
DY9
9
5
C
ANODE OUTPUT
AWG 22 (VIOLTET)
FACEPLATE
44.0 ± 0.25
(6)
12 PIN BASE
JEDEC
No. B12-43
15 MIN.
R11 C3
A
B
SEMIFLEXIBLE
LEADS 0.7 MAX.
18.6 ± 0.7
(12)
28.0 ± 1.5
13 MAX.
PHOTOCATHODE
21.0 ± 0.3
A Lead orientation bottom view
25.7°
15 MIN.
MAGNETIC SHIELD CASE
18.6 ± 0.7
FACEPLATE
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
* (2000) (2000) (2000)
i
o
Cathode sensitivity
Blue sensitivity
index (CS 5-58)
at 25 °C
Luminous
at 25 °C
Sine
vibration
Min.
Typ.
(µA/lm)
(µA/lm)
20
30
Min.
Typ.
3.0
4.5
Anode sensitivity and characteristics
Gain
at 25 °C
Typ.
3.3 × 105
Luminous
at 25 °C
!0
!1
Dark current
at 25 °C
at 175 °C
Min.
Typ.
Typ.
Max.
Typ.
(A/lm)
(A/lm)
(nA)
(nA)
(nA)
5
10
0.1
10
10 (90 °C)
Type No.
R3991A-04
R3991A-28
R3991A
20
300 m/s2
40
4.0
6.0
5.0 × 105
5
20
0.1
10
200
(30 g)
R3991A-07
R3991A-27
R3991A-31
R3991AH
30
50
5.0
7.0
5.0 × 105
10
25
0.1
10
2000
R3991AH-07
(200 °C)
R3991AH-27
R3991AH-31
R3991A-27/-28/-31, R3991AH-27/-31 (See Note 2 on page 18)
23.0 ± 0.25
0.5 ± 0.3
18.6 ± 0.7
15 MIN.
P
STAINLESS
STEEL CASE
ANODE OUTPUT
AWG22 (VIOLET)
GND/+HV
AWG22 (RED)
-HV/GND
AWG22 (BLACK)
R11 C3
HA-TREATMENT, MAGNETIC SHIELD
46.0 ± 0.25
PHOTOCATHODE
1
203 MIN.
FACEPLATE
ANODE OUTPUT
AWG 22 (VIOLTET)
GND/+HV
AWG 22 (RED)
DY10
R10 C2
DY9
R9 C1
DY8
DY7
DY6
R8
R7
R6
DY5
DY4
DY3
DY2
R5
R4
R3
R2
DY1
K
R1
-HV/GND
AWG22 (BLACK)
R1 : 6 MΩ
R2 to R11 : 2 MΩ
C1 to C3 : 4700 pF (R3991A-27/-28/-31)
2000 pF (R3991AH-27/-31)
TPMHA0350EC
9
q
Maximum
temp.
w
Type No.
Socket
or
resistor
value
Base configration
e
Dynode structure
number of stages
y
Maximum ratings
r
t
MWD Anode to
appl. cathode
voltage
Average
anode
current
(°C)
(V)
u
Anode to
cathode
voltage
(mA)
Shock
(V)
25 mm (1") dia. types
90
175
200
R1288A-04
Temporary base
R1288A-06
Button stem
R1288A-08
Assembly
1R=2 MΩ
R1288A-28
Assembly (S/S case)
1R=2 MΩ
R1288A
Temporary base
E678-12R
R1288A-01
Button stem
R1288A-07
Assembly
1R=2 MΩ
R1288A-27
Assembly (S/S case)
1R=2 MΩ
R1288A-31
Assembly (S/S case)
1R=2 MΩ
R1288AH
Temporary base
E678-12R
R1288AH-07
Assembly
1R=2 MΩ
R1288AH-27
Assembly (S/S case)
1R=2 MΩ
Assembly (S/S case)
1R=2 MΩ
R1288AH-31
E678-12R
E678-14-03
0.02
C
0.01
F
0.02
C
—
E678-14-03
Circular and
1800
linear focused/10
10 000 m/s2
(1000 g)
1500
0.5 ms
0.01
F
0.02
C
0.01
F
YES
—
YES
S/S: Stainless steel
Dimensional outlines and basing diagrams (Unit: mm)
R1288A/-04
R1288AH
22 MIN.
A Lead orientation bottom view
20°
A Lead orientation bottom view
24°
(17.3)
50 MIN.
SEMIFLEXIBLE
LEADS 0.7 MAX.
12 PIN BASE
JEDEC
No. B12-43
PHOTOCATHODE
(6)
(6.25)
B Temporary base removed
B Temporary base removed
P
DY9
8
DY10
6
DY7
5
10
DY8
DY5 4
11
A
B
DY3 3
12 DY6
DY1 2
13 DY4
14
DY2
17
K
C
37.3 ± 0.5
P
DY7 4
DY1
10
12
DY8
DY7 4
11 DY6
DY5 3
12 DY4
2
13
14
1
14 PIN BASE
DY2
P
DY9
K
6
C Bottom view
P
DY10
6
7
DY9
DY8
5
8
9 DY6
DY7 4
10 DY4
DY5 3
11
2
1
9
5
DY3
C Bottom View
P
DY10
6
7
DY9
DY8
5
8
DY3
DY10
6
DY9
DY1
DY5 3
22 MIN.
FACEPLATE
DY2
DY3
K
10 DY4
11
1
12
DY1
C
11 DY8
DY3 3
12 DY6
13
DY4
14
DY2
DY1
2
1
K
DY2
SHORT PIN
K
TPMHA0362EB
10
F
Voltage distribution ratio
K: Cathode Dy: Dynode P: Anode
K
Dy1
Dy2
Dy3
Dy5
Dy6
Dy7
Dy8
Dy9
Dy10
P
3
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
* The parentheses indicate the value of capacitors in pF.
10
Dy4
IC
9
DY5 4
Voltage distribution ratios
Distribution
ratio codes
IC
8
10 DY10
TPMHA0363EE
Number of
stages
7
DY7 5
9 DY6
2
13 MAX.
13 MAX.
PHOTOCATHODE
25.4 ± 0.5
43.0 ± 1.5
25.4 ± 0.5
43.0 ± 1.5
FACEPLATE
R1288A-01/-06
(17.3)
R1288A/-04, R1288AH
* (3300) (3300) (3300)
i
Sine
vibration
o
Cathode sensitivity
Blue sensitivity
index (CS 5-58)
at 25 °C
Luminous
at 25 °C
Min.
Typ.
Min.
(µA/lm)
(µA/lm)
Typ.
Anode sensitivity and characteristics
!0
Luminous
at 25 °C
Gain
at 25 °C
Typ.
!1
Dark current
at 25 °C
at 175 °C
Min.
Typ.
Typ.
Max.
Typ.
(A/lm)
(A/lm)
(nA)
(nA)
(nA)
Type No.
R1288A-04
20
30
3.0
4.5
3.3 × 105
5
10
0.1
20 (90 °C)
10
R1288A-06
R1288A-08
R1288A-28
R1288A
300 m/s2
(30 g)
R1288A-01
20
40
4.0
6.0
5.0 × 105
8
20
0.1
10
R1288A-07
400
R1288A-27
R1288A-31
R1288AH
30
50
5.0
7.0
5.0 × 105
10
25
0.1
10
4000
R1288AH-07
(200 °C)
R1288AH-27
R1288AH-31
*R1288A-07/-08, R1288AH-07 (See Note 2 on page 18)
0.5 ± 0.3
ANODE OUTPUT
AWG22 (VIOLET)
FACEPLATE
P
R11
C3
R10
C2
R9
C1
GND/+HV
AWG22 (RED)
0.5 ± 0.3
30.0 ± 0.25
27.0 ± 0.6
25.4 ± 0.5
22 MIN.
R1288A-27/-28/-31, R1288AH-27/-31 (See Note 2 on page 18)
ANODE OUTPUT
AWG22 (VIOLET)
25.4 ± 0.5
22 MIN.
FACEPLATE
P
DY10
DY8
R8
DY7
R7
STAINLESS
STEEL CASE
DY6
R6
DY5
R5
DY4
R4
DY3
ANODE OUTPUT
AWG22 (VIOLET)
R3
ANODE OUTPUT
AWG22 (VIOLET)
DY2
R1
-HV/GND
AWG22 (BLACK)
-HV/GND
AWG22 (BLACK)
R1: 6 MΩ
R2 to R11: 2 MΩ
C1 to C3: 3300 pF
203 MIN.
203 MIN.
DY1
K
C2
R9
C1
DY8
R8
DY7
R7
DY6
R6
DY5
R5
DY4
R4
DY3
R3
DY2
R2
GND/+HV
AWG22 (RED)
R10
GND/+HV
AWG22 (RED)
DY9
HA-TREATMENT, MAGNETIC SHIELD
PHOTOCATHODE
71.5 ± 0.5
MAGNETIC
SHIELD CASE
C3
DY10
DY9
MAGNETIC SHIELD CASE
71.5 ± 0.5
PHOTOCATHODE
R11
R2
GND/+HV
AWG22 (RED)
DY1
K
R1
-HV/GND
AWG22 (BLACK)
-HV/GND
AWG22 (BLACK)
R1: 6 MΩ
R2 to R11: 2 MΩ
C1 to C3: 3300 pF
TPMHA0029EF
TPMHA0351EC
* CAUTION: These tubes have open ends potted with silicon.
Do not apply force to this potted portion, or do not fill any additional potting material. Either actions could damage the voltage
divider built in.
11
q
Maximum
temp.
w
Type No.
Socket
or
resistor
value
Base configration
e
Dynode structure
number of stages
y
Maximum ratings
r
t
MWD Anode to
appl. cathode
voltage
Average
anode
current
(°C)
(V)
u
Anode to
cathode
voltage
(mA)
Shock
(V)
28 mm (1-1/8") dia. types
90
175
R6877A-04
Temporary base
R6877A-06
Button stem
R6877A-08
Assembly
1R=2 MΩ
R6877A-28
Assembly (S/S case)
1R=2 MΩ
R6877A
Temporary base
E678-12R
R6877A-01
Button stem
R6877A-07
Assembly
1R=2 MΩ
R6877A-27
Assembly (S/S case)
1R=2 MΩ
R6877A-31
Assembly (S/S Case)
1R=2 MΩ
E678-12R
E678-14-03
Circular and
—
1800
linear focused/10
E678-14-03
0.02
C
0.01
F
1500
0.02
5000 m/s2
(500 g)
C
0.01
0.5 ms
F
YES
S/S: Stainless steel
Dimensional outlines and basing diagrams (Unit: mm)
R6877A/-04
R6877A-01/-06
28.5 ± 0.5
FACEPLATE
A Lead orientation bottom view
20°
25 MIN.
FACEPLATE
28.5 ± 0.5
25 MIN.
A
50 MIN.
SEMIFLEXIBLE
LEADS 0.7 MAX.
DY3 3
DY1
C
7
IC
8
IC
9
DY7 5
10 DY10
DY5 4
11 DY8
DY3 3
12 DY6
13
DY4
14
DY2
DY1
B Temporary base removed
P
DY9
8
DY10
6
10
DY8
DY7
5
11
DY5 4
12 DY6
B
12 PIN BASE
JEDEC
No. B12-43
44.0 ± 1.5
(17.3)
(6)
6
2
1
K
SHORT PIN
13 MAX.
13 MAX.
PHOTOCATHODE
44.0 ± 1.5
P
DY9
PHOTOCATHODE
14 PIN BASE
13 DY4
14
DY2
2
17
K
C Bottom view
DY10
P
6
7
DY8
DY9
5
8
DY7 4
9 DY6
DY5 3
10 DY4
DY3
11
2
1
12
DY2
K
DY1
TPMHA0564EA
TPMHA0451ED
Voltage distribution ratios
Number of
stages
Distribution
ratio codes
C
10
F
Voltage distribution ratio
K: Cathode Dy: Dynode P: Anode
K
Dy1
Dy2
Dy3
Dy5
Dy6
Dy7
Dy8
Dy9
Dy10
P
3
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
* The parentheses indicate the value of capacitors in pF.
12
Dy4
* (3300) (3300) (3300)
i
o
Cathode sensitivity
Blue sensitivity
index (CS 5-58)
at 25 °C
Luminous
at 25 °C
Sine
vibration
Min.
Typ.
Min.
(µA/lm)
(µA/lm)
Typ.
Anode sensitivity and characteristics
!0
Luminous
at 25 °C
Gain
at 25 °C
Typ.
!1
Dark current
at 25 °C
at 175 °C
Min.
Typ.
Typ.
Max.
Typ.
(A/lm)
(A/lm)
(nA)
(nA)
(nA)
Type No.
R6877A-04
20
30
3.0
4.5
3.3 × 105
5
10
0.2
30 (90 °C)
20
R6877A-06
R6877A-08
R6877A-28
200 m/s2
R6877A
(20 g)
R6877A-01
20
40
4.0
6.0
5.0 × 105
8
20
0.2
10
R6877A-07
500
R6877A-27
R6877A-31
R6877A-27/-28/-31
34.0 ± 0.25
28.5 ± 0.5
28.5 ±0.5
25 MIN.
P
R11
C1
DY8
STAINLESS
STEEL CASE
R8
DY7
R7
DY6
R6
DY5
ANODE OUTPUT
AWG22 (VIOLET)
R5
DY4
R4
DY3
R3
DY2
-HV/GND
AWG22 (BLACK)
R2
DY1
K
R1
GND/+HV
AWG22 (RED)
R11
C3
R10
C2
R9
C1
DY9
DY8
R8
DY7
R7
DY6
R6
DY5
R5
DY4
R4
DY3
R3
DY2
-HV/GND
AWG22 (BLACK)
R2
DY1
K
R1
-HV/GND
AWG22 (BLACK)
R1: 6 MΩ
R2 to R11: 2 MΩ
C1 to C3: 3300 pF
ANODE OUTPUT
AWG22 (VIOLET)
GND/+HV
AWG22 (RED)
DY10
HA-TREATMENT, MAGNETIC SHIELD
R9
GND/+HV
AWG22 (RED)
P
65.5 ± 0.5
C2
DY9
MAGNETIC
SHIELD
CASE
25 MIN.
PHOTOCATHODE
R10
ANODE OUTPUT
AWG22 (VIOLET)
203 MIN.
C3
DY10
MAGNETIC SHIELD CASE
65.5 ± 0.5
PHOTOCATHODE
ANODE OUTPUT
AWG22 (VIOLET)
GND/+HV
AWG22 (RED)
0.5 ± 0.3
31.5 ± 0.3
203 MIN.
0.5 ± 0.3
R6877A-07/-08
-HV/GND
AWG22 (BLACK)
R1: 6 MΩ
R2 to R11: 2 MΩ
C1 to C3: 3300 pF
TPMHA0518EC
TPMHA0452ED
13
q
Maximum
temp.
w
Type No.
e
Socket
or
resistor
value
Base configration
Dynode structure
number of stages
y
Maximum ratings
r
t
MWD Anode to
appl. cathode
voltage
Average
anode
current
(°C)
(V)
u
Anode to
cathode
voltage
(mA)
Shock
(V)
38 mm (1-1/2") dia. types
90
175
R9722A-04
Temporary base
R9722A-06
Button stem
R9722A-28
Assembly (S/S case)
1R=2 MΩ
Circular and
R9722A
Temporary base
E678-12R
linear focused/10
R9722A-01
Button stem
R9722A-27
E678-12R
E678-14-03
—
1800
E678-14-03
Assembly (S/S case)
1R=2 MΩ
0.02
G
0.01
H
1500
0.02
G
0.01
H
5000 m/s2
(500 g)
0.5 ms
S/S: Stainless steel
Dimensional outlines and basing diagrams (Unit: mm)
R9722A/-04
R9722A-01/-06
38.0 ± 0.7
FACEPLATE
38.0 ± 0.7
A Lead orientation bottom view
22.5°
34 MIN.
FACEPLATE
34 MIN.
P
DY9
(23)
6
PHOTOCATHODE
69.0 ± 1.5
69.0 ± 1.5
PHOTOCATHODE
13 MAX.
(7.5)
11 DY8
DY3 3
12 DY6
13
DY4
14
DY2
DY1
B
DY7 4
70 MIN.
DY3
13 DY2
14 PIN BASE
2
15
K
1
DY1
12 PIN BASE
JEDEC
No. B12-43
1
SHORT PIN
12 DY4
DY5 3
2
K
DY10
DY8
9
10
DY6
11
6
10 DY10
13 MAX.
P
C Bottom view
P
DY9
C
6
5
DY10
7
DY8
8
DY7 4
37.3 ± 0.5
9 DY6
10 DY4
DY5 3
DY3
11
2
1
12
DY1
DY2
K
TPMHA0042ED
TPMHA0043EA
Voltage distribution ratios
Distribution
ratio codes
G
10
H
Voltage distribution ratio
K: Cathode Dy: Dynode P: Anode
K
Dy1
Dy2
Dy3
Dy4
Dy5
Dy6
Dy7
Dy8
Dy9
Dy10
P
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
* The parentheses indicate the value of capacitors in pF.
14
IC
9
DY5 4
B Temporary base removed
DY9 5
Number of
stages
IC
8
DY7 5
A
SEMIFLEXIBLE
LEADS 0.7 MAX.
7
* (3300) (3300) (3300)
i
o
Cathode sensitivity
Blue sensitivity
index (CS 5-58)
at 25 °C
Luminous
at 25 °C
Sine
vibration
Min.
Typ.
Min.
(µA/lm)
(µA/lm)
Typ.
Anode sensitivity and characteristics
Gain
at 25 °C
Typ.
Luminous
at 25 °C
!0
!1
Dark current
at 25 °C
at 175 °C
Min.
Typ.
Typ.
Max.
Typ.
(A/lm)
(A/lm)
(nA)
(nA)
(nA)
Type No.
R9722A-04
20
30
3.0
4.5
3.3 ×
105
5
10
0.5
10
40 (90 °C)
200 m/s2
R9722A-06
R9722A-28
(20 g)
R9722A
20
40
4.0
6.0
5.0 × 105
5
20
0.5
10
1000
R9722A-01
R9722A-27
R9722A-27/-28
0.5 ± 0.3
44.0 ± 0.5
38.0 ± 0.7
34 MIN.
SHIELD
AWG26 (BLK/WHT)
PHOTOCATHODE
203 MIN.
STAINLESS
STEEL
CASE
-HV/GND
AWG22 (BLACK)
SIGNAL OUTPUT
COAX. RG-316/U
C3
R10
C2
R9
C1
DY9
DY8
R8
DY7
R7
DY6
R6
DY5
R5
DY4
R4
DY3
R3
DY2
SHIELD
AWG26
(BLACK/WHITE)
GND/+HV
AWG22 (RED)
R11
DY10
HA-TREATMENT, MAGNETIC SHIELD
96.0 ± 0.8
P
OUTPUT
RG-316/U
GND/+HV
AWG22 (RED)
R2
DY1
K
R1
-HV/GND
AWG22 (BLACK)
R1: 4 MΩ
R2 to R11: 2 MΩ
C1 to C3: 3300 pF
TPMHA0517EC
15
q
Maximum
temp.
w
Type No.
e
Socket
or
resistor
value
Base configration
Dynode structure
number of stages
y
Maximum ratings
r
t
MWD Anode to
appl. cathode
voltage
Average
anode
current
(°C)
(V)
u
Anode to
cathode
voltage
(mA)
Shock
(V)
51 mm (2") dia. types
90
175
R4607A-06
Button stem
E678-15C
R4607A-28
Assembly (S/S case)
1R=2 MΩ
Circular and
R4607A-01
Button stem
E678-15C
linear focused/10
R4607A-27
Assembly (S/S case)
1R=2 MΩ
—
1800
0.02
G
0.01
H
1500
0.02
5000 m/s2
(500 g)
G
0.5 ms
H
0.01
Highly ruggedized types
175
R8874-01
R5473-02
10 000 m/s2
Circular and
Assembly (S/S case)
1R=2 MΩ
YES
linear focused/10
Assembly
1800
Venetian blind/12
0.01
3000
1500
E
2000
I
(1000 g)
0.5 ms
S/S: Stainless steel
Dimensional outlines and basing diagrams (Unit: mm)
R4607A-01/-06
R4607A-27/-28
58.0 ± 0.5
46 MIN.
8
DY10
9
DY7 4
DY3
12 DY4
2
1
DY1
13 MAX.
STAINLESS
STEEL
CASE
13 DY2
14
IC
15
3
R11
C3
R10
C2
R9
C1
ANODE OUTPUT
RG-316/U
GND/+HV
AWG22 (RED)
DY10
DY8
10
DY6
11
5
P
K
SHORT PIN
DY9
HA-TREATMENT, MAGNETIC SHIELD
80 ± 2
DY9
DY5
15 PIN BASE
7
6
PHOTOCATHODE
IC
IC
P
PHOTOCATHODE
SHIELD
AWG26 (BLACK/WHITE)
46 MIN.
110 ± 1
FACEPLATE
52.0 ± 1.0
0.7 ± 0.3
52 ± 1
DY8
R8
DY7
R7
DY6
R6
DY5
R5
DY4
R4
DY3
R3
DY2
R2
DY1
K
R1
-HV/GND
AWG22 (BLACK)
203 MIN.
SHIELD
AWG26
(BLACK/WHITE)
R1: 4 MΩ
R2 to R11: 2 MΩ
C1 to C3: 3300 pF
GND/+HV
AWG22 (RED)
-HV/GND
AWG22 (BLACK)
SIGNAL OUTPUT
COAX. RG-316/U
TPMHA0003ED
TPMHA0453ED
Voltage distribution ratios
Number of
stages
Distribution
ratio codes
G
10
Voltage distribution ratio
K: Cathode Dy: Dynode P: Anode
K
H
Dy1
Dy4
Dy5
Dy6
Dy7
Dy8
Dy9
Dy10
P
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
* (2000) (2000) (2000)
K
I
Dy3
1
* (3300) (3300) (3300)
E
12
Dy2
2
G
2
Dy1
1
Dy2
1
Dy3
1
Dy4
1
Dy5
1
Dy6
1
Dy7
1
Dy8
1
Dy9
1
Dy10
1
Dy11
1
Dy12
1
P
1
* (4700) (4700) (4700)
* The parentheses indicate the value of capacitors in pF.
16
i
Blue sensitivity
index (CS 5-58)
at 25 °C
Luminous
at 25 °C
Min.
Typ.
(µA/lm)
(µA/lm)
20
30
3.0
4.5
20
40
4.0
20
40
20
40
(20 g)
500 m/s2
(50 g)
Typ.
Gain
at 25 °C
Typ.
at 25 °C
at 175 °C
Type No.
Typ.
Max.
Typ.
(A/lm)
(A/lm)
(nA)
(nA)
(nA)
3.3 × 105
5
10
3
50
50 (90 °C)
6.0
5.0 × 105
5
20
3
50
1500
4.0
6.0
5.0 × 105
5
20
0.1
10
150
R8874-01
4.0
6.0
5.0 × 105
5
20
0.5
10
400
R5473-02
R4607A-06
R4607A-28
R4607A-01
R4607A-27
R5473-02 (See Note 2 on page 18)
16.5
PHOTOCATHODE
FERROMAGNETIC
STAINLESS
STEEL CASE
ANODE OUTPUT
AWG24 (VIOLET)
GND/+HV
AWG24 (RED)
-HV/GND
AWG24 (BLACK)
P
R12
C3
R11
C2
R10
C1
ANODE OUTPUT
AWG24 (VIOLET)
GND/+HV
AWG24 (RED)
DY9
DY8
DY4
DY3
P
R14 C3
R13 C2
DY11
R12 C1
R8
R7
R6
DY9
GLASS FIBER
CASE
DY8
DY5
R5
DY4
DY3
R3
R8
R7
R6
R5
R4
DY2
R2
R1
R10
R9
DY6
R4
K
R11
DY7
DY2
DY1
ANODE OUTPUT
AWG 22 (RED)
GND/+HV
AWG22 (WHITE)
DY10
R9
DY5
FACEPLATE
20 MIN.
PHOTOCATHODE
DY7
DY6
26.0 ± 0.4
DY12
DY10
92.2 ± 0.4
14 MIN.
FERROMAGNETIC STAINLESS STEEL CASE
0.5 ± 0.3
!1
Dark current
Typ.
19.0 ± 0.3
50.0 ± 0.25
!0
Min.
R8874-01
203 MIN.
Luminous
at 25 °C
0.5 ± 0.3
m/s2
Min.
Anode sensitivity and characteristics
-HV/GND
AWG24 (BLACK)
R1,R2 : 3 MΩ
R3 to R12 : 2 MΩ
C1 to C3 : 2000 pF
TPMHA0599EB
ANODE OUTPUT
AWG22 (RED)
203 MIN.
Sine
vibration
200
o
Cathode sensitivity
GND/+HV
AWG22 (WHITE)
-HV/GND
AWG22 (BLACK)
DY1
R3
R2
G
K
R1
-HV/GND
AWG22 (BLACK)
R1 : 8 MΩ
R2 to R14 : 4 MΩ
C1 to C3 : 4700 pF
TPMHA0349ED
17
Description of the preceding data
Note 1
q Temperature cycling tests are performed for all 175 °C and 200 °C type tubes.
w A socket will be supplied with a tube. (Assembly type is excluded)
e Screening tests are performed all R1288A-31, R1288AH-31, R3991A-31, R3991AH-31, R6877A-31 tubes. See Figure 16 and Figure
17 on page 26.
r The voltage distribution ratios are shown in the bottom table of each page.
t Averaged over any interval of 30 seconds maximum.
y These voltages are applied when the anode sensitivity and characteristics are measured.
u Only initial production tubes are tested for these shock tests. Conditions are as follows: 3 impact shocks per direction (6 directions)
i Only initial production tubes are tested for these sine wave vibration tests. Conditions are as follows: 50 Hz to 2000 Hz, 1 oct. per
minute, 3 sweeps per axis (3 axes)
o The light source is a tungsten filament lamp operated at a distribution temperature of 2856K.
The light input is 0.01 lumen and 150 volts are applied between the cathode and all other electrodes connected together as anode.
In the case of blue sensitivity, a blue filter of corning CS 5-58 polished to 1/2 stock thickness is interposed between the light source
and the tube.
!0 The light source is a tungsten filament lamp operated at a distribution temperature of 2856K.
!1 Measured after 30 min. storage in darkness.
Note 2
In use of this assembly at +HV potential, the load resistor (RL)
and the high voltage resistant capacitor (C) must be wired as follows :
C
SIGNAL
BASING DIAGRAM SYMBOLS
+H.V
All base diagrams show terminals viewed from the
base end of the tube.
RL
P
DY
DY
Short Index
Pin
RECOMMENDED VALUE
RL : 100 kΩ to 1 MΩ
C : 0.005 µF, 3 kV to 5 kV
Pin
Key
K
DY : Dynode
G(F) : Grid (Focusing electrode)
: Photocathode
K
: Anode
P
IC : Internal connection (Do not use)
Flying
Lead
TPMOC0068EC
TPMHC0105EA
Figure 1: An example of the temperature cycling test chart
16 h
8h
16 h
16 h
175 °C
TEMPERATURE
CYCLING
50 °C
1
2
3
4
5
PMT OUTPUT
6
B
A
: MEASURING POINT
C
NOTE: 1 Temperature cycling tests are performed for all 175 °C and 200 °C type tubes.
2 Temperature slope (rise/down condition) 3 °C/min. Max.
(B-A)
3 PMT output:
< 10 %
A
4 PMT noise edge < 60 keV (Measured at C of PMT OUTPUT)
18
5 The plateau characteristic is measured by LED in C point.
TPMHC0185EC
Sockets
Dimensional outlines (Unit: mm)
E678-13E
E678-14-03
12.4
27.5
11
19.1
5.5
7
9.5
6.5
2
14
3
10.5
3.9
25.2
14
24.5
TACCA0013EB
E678-12R
TACCA0184EA
E678-15C
47
60
17
50
45
40
4
40
5
2- 3.2
12
2
40
TACCA0009EB
6.5
8
5
15
34
TACCA0185EA
Contact pins are gold plated.
19
High voltage power supply module
C12733-01
Features
●Wide operating temperature
Operating ambient temperature: -40 °C to +175 °C
●High reliability for shock / vibration
Vibration: 300 m/s2, Shock: 10000 m/s2
●Best match with most of the hamamatsu ruggedized
high temperature PMT assemblies
Specifications
Parameters
Input voltage
Input current (with full load) A
Variable output voltage range
Output current
Line regulation against ±1 V input change AB
Load regulation against 0 % to 100 % load change A
Ripple / noise (p-p) AB
Output voltage control
Control voltage input impedance
Output voltage setting
Output voltage rise time (0 % ➝ 99 %) AB
Temperature coefficient
Operating ambient temperature
Storage temperature
Resistance to vibration
Resistance to shock
Weight
Protective function
NOTE: AAt maximum output voltage
Typ.
Max.
Typ.
Typ.
Typ.
Typ.
Typ.
Typ.
Typ.
Typ.
Description / Value
+15 ± 1
50
-1000 to -1800
90
±0.1
±0.1
50
By an external control voltage (0 V to +5 V)
10
-(Control voltage × 160 + 1000)
350
±0.005
-40 to +175
-55 to +70
300 m/s2, 10 Hz to 2000 Hz
10000 m/s2, 1/2 sine, 0.5 ms
80
Short circuit protection
Unit
V
mA
V
µA
%
%
mV
—
kΩ
V
ms
%/°C
°C
°C
—
—
g
—
BAt maximum output current
Dimensional outline (Unit: mm)
12.3 ± 0.1
HV
GND
2.5
#4-40 stud
200
GND: 5.7
85.4 ± 0.1
10
BLACK: GND
GRAY: Vcont
ORANGE: Vcc +15 V
12.7 ± 0.1
3.2
GND
22.2 ± 0.1
SUS303
HIGH VOLTAGE
OUTPUT
HIGH VOLTAGE OUTPUT: 7.0
TACCA0320EA
20
1. General characteristics of
photomultiplier tubes
1-1. General characteristics
Figure 1: Typical spectral response of 175 °C version
photomultiplier tubes
Figure 2: R1288A typical dark current characteristics as
a function of temperature
(at 25 °C)
TPMHB0061EA
102
10-5
TPMHB0062EC
200 °C
Type
10-6
ANODE DARK CURRENT (A)
CATHODE RADIANT SENSITIVITY (mA/W)
QUANTUM EFFICIENCY (%)
SUPPLY VOLTAGE=1500 V
CATHODE
RADIANT
SENSITIVITY
101
QUANTUM
EFFICIENCY
100
10-7
90 °C
Type
175 °C
Type
10-8
10-9
10-1
200
300
400
500
600
10-10
700
25
WAVELENGTH (nm)
(at 25 °C)
108
200
(at 25 °C)
TPMHB0064ED
106
GAIN
GAIN
175
107
R4177, R3991A, R3991AH,
R1288A, R1288AH, R6877A,
R9722A, R4607A, R8874-01
105
104
R5473-02
105
103
104
102
103
101
500
150
Figure 4: Typical gain
TPMHB0063EF
106
90 100
AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (°C)
Figure 3: Typical gain
107
50
600
700 800
1000
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
1500
1800
102
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
21
RELATIVE PULSE HEIGHT (%)
Figure 5: Typical fatigue characteristics with continuous operation (R1288A)
150
TPMHB0823EB
90 °C
100
150 °C
175 °C
50
LIGHT SOURCE: BLUE LED (SIMULATED NaI(Tl)+137Cs)
COUNT RATE: 1 ks-1, SUPPLY VOLTAGE: 1500 V
0
10
1
100
1000
10000
OPERATION TIME (hours)
RELATIVE PULSE HEIGHT (%)
Figure 6: Typical fatigue characteristics with continuous operation (R1288AH)
150
TPMHB0824EA
175 °C
100
200 °C
50
LIGHT SOURCE: BLUE LED (SIMULATED NaI(Tl)+137Cs)
COUNT RATE: 1 ks-1, SUPPLY VOLTAGE: 1500 V
0
1
10
100
1000
10000
OPERATION TIME (hours)
Figure 7: Typical pulse height as a function of temperature
(R1288A, R1288AH, R3991A, R3991AH)
TPMHB0749EC
100
RELATIVE PULSE HEIGHT
22
RADIATION SOURCE: 137Cs
SCINTILLATOR:
1"×2" NaI(TI): R1288A, R1288AH
0.75"×1.5" NaI(TI): R3991A, R3991AH
SUPPLY VOLTAGE: 1500 V
R1288A
80
R1288AH
60
R3991A
40
R3991AH
20
TPMHB0750EC
RADIATION SOURCE: 137Cs
SCINTILLATOR:
1"×2" NaI(TI): R1288A, R1288AH
0.75"×1.5" NaI(TI): R3991A, R3991AH
SUPPLY VOLTAGE: 1500 V
20
PULSE HEIGHT RESOLUTION (%)
120
Figure 8: Typical pulse height resolution as a function of temperature
(R1288A, R1288AH, R3991A, R3991AH)
18
R3991AH
16
R3991A
14
12
10
0
25
50
75
100
125
150
AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (°C)
22
175
200
6
25
R1288AH
R1288A
8
50
75
100
125
150
175
200
AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (°C)
Figure 7 shows the variations of P.H. (pulse height) and Figure 8 shows P.H.R. (pulse height resolution) as a function of the ambient temperature.
These degradations are due to performance changes in the photomultiplier tube and efficiency losses in the crystal at high temperature.
Both parameters recover close to their initial values when tubes are returned to room temperature.
P.H.R. (pulse height resolution) characteristic of a PMT may be changed by the emission efficiency of scintillator used.
This data is taken with the scintillator 1"×2" NaI(TI) for R1288A, R1288AH, 0.75"×1.5" NaI(TI) for R3991A, R3991AH.
Figure 9: Typical plateau characteristics (R1288A, R1288AH)
1800
COUNT RATE (s-1)
1600
1400
TPMHB0067EE
LOWER LEVEL DISCRIM.: 1.5 pC
RADIATION SOURCE: 137Cs (662 keV)
SCINTILLATOR: Nal (Tl) ( 1" × 2")
175 °C
150 °C
200 °C
1200
25 °C
1000
800
600
PLATEAU LENGTH at 175 °C ( ±5 % WINDOW): 200 V
PLATEAU LENGTH at 200 °C ( ±5 % WINDOW): 50 V
400
200
0.9
1.0
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.8
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (kV)
Figure 10: Typical plateau characteristics (R3991A, R3991AH)
1800
COUNT RATE (s-1)
1600
1400
TPMHB0751EB
LOWER LEVEL DISCRIM.: 1.5 pC
RADIATION SOURCE: 137Cs (662 keV)
SCINTILLATOR: Nal (Tl) ( 0.75" × 1.5")
175 °C
150 °C
200 °C
1200
25 °C
1000
800
600
PLATEAU LENGTH at 175 °C ( ±5 % WINDOW): 200 V
PLATEAU LENGTH at 200 °C ( ±5 % WINDOW): 50 V
400
200
0.9
1.0
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.8
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (kV)
Figure 11: Typical plateau characteristics (R8874-01)
1800
COUNT RATE (s-1)
1600
1400
TPMHB0914EA
LOWER LEVEL DISCRIM.: 1.5 pC
RADIATION SOURCE: 137Cs (662 keV)
SCINTILLATOR: Nal (Tl) ( 0.5" × 1")
175 °C
150 °C
1200
25 °C
1000
800
600
400
200
0.9
PLATEAU LENGTH at 175 °C ( ±5 % WINDOW): 200 V
1.0
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.8
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (kV)
23
Figure 12: Plateau test block diagram
TEMPERATURE
CONTROL
CHAMBER
137Cs
SCINTILLATOR NaI(Tl)
RADIO
ISOTOPE
VOLTAGE
DIVIDER
NETWORK
PMT
HIGH
VOLTAGE
POWER
SUPPLY
PRE
AMP.
TEMPERATURE
CONTROLLER
LINEAR
AMP.
COMPUTER
SINGLE
CHANNEL
ANALYZER
COUNTER
TPMHC0186EB
1-2. LLD during plateau measurement
This section describes the LLD (lower level discriminator) that should be set to make plateau measurements.
First, let us calculate the charge amount per pulse that is output from the PMT.
The number of photons emitted from a NaI(Tl) scintillator for high temperature and rugged environments is usually about 15 photons
per 1 keV of gamma-ray energy.
If using 137Cs (gamma-ray energy 662 keV), the number of emitted photons will be about 10,000. It is simply calculated by 662 × 15.
If the PMT is used with a 137Cs radiation source, the charge amount per pulse of the PMT is obtained as follows:
N×
×
×
× e = 10,000 × 0.15 × 0.8 × 5 × 105 × 1.6 × 10-19
= 100 pC
N : Number of photons emitted from scintillator per event
: Photocathode quantum efficiency (assumed to be 15 % at room temperature)
: PMT collection efficiency (assumed to be 80 %)
: PMT gain
e : Electron charge
As calculated above, the charge amount per pulse obtained using the 137Cs (662 keV) is about 100 pC.
The estimated charge amount obtained under the conditions at 175 °C will therefore be about 50 pC which is approximately half the
charge at room temperature (See Fig. 7 on page 22).
Based on these, the LLD should be adjusted to an optimal level, however, in view of the decrease in output during high temperature
operation, it is preferable that the LLD be set so that a plateau region can be obtained at a voltage lower than the rated voltage.
For general characteristics when LLD = 1.5 pC, refer to Figures 9 to 11.
Since the PMT gain and the emission intensity of scintillators differ from product to product, we advise adjusting the LLD setting as
needed to match the actual usage conditions so that the plateau region can be obtained below the rated voltage.
When setting the LLD, we suggest using a capacitor with a known capacitance and a pulse generator in order to calibrate by using the
pulse output from the capacitor.
24
Figure 13: Temperature test block diagram (Temperature cycling test and plateau measurement)
TEMPERATURE
CONTROL CHAMBER
LIGHT
GUIDE
PMT
HIGH
VOLTAGE
POWER
SUPPLY
VOLTAGE
DIVIDER
NETWORK
PRE
AMP.
BLUE
LED
MULTICHANNEL
ANALYZER
TEMP.
CONTROLLER
LINEAR
AMP.
PULSE
GENERATOR
SINGLE
CHANNEL
ANALYZER
TEMPERATURE
STABILIZED
LIGHT SOURCE BOX
COUNTER
COMPUTER
TPMHC0184EC
1-3. Plateau measurement using a blue LED
PLATEAU LENGTH
MEASURED WITH NaI(Tl) SCINTILLATOR (V)
Figure 14: Correlation of plateau length data measured
with scintillator and blue LED
180
TPMHB0634EA
160
Figure 15: Plateau characteristics of R3991A measured
with scintillator and blue LED
RELATIVE OUTPUT COUNT
1.8
1.6
LIGHT SOURCE
: 137Cs+ NaI(TI)
LOWER LEVEL DISCRIM.: 1.5 pC
TEMP.
: 175 °C
1.4
1.2
1.0
PLATEAU LENGTH: 176 V
0.8
0.6
0.4
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
2000
1800
2000
APPLIED VOLTAGE ( V )
1.4
RELATIVE OUTPUT COUNTS
Plateau measurement is usually performed by Hamamatsu with
a combination of a 137Cs radiation source and an NaI(Tl) scintillator, which serves as the light source. However, pulsed light
from a blue LED can also be used to evaluate plateau characteristics of the photomultiplier tube. Advantages of using a blue
LED is that decreasing of the emission efficiency of NaI(Tl) scintillators over time can be eliminated. In addition, the LED is set
outside the temperature-controlled chamber so it is not exposed
to high temperatures during measurement. This means that inherent characteristics of photomultiplier tubes can be measured.
Furthermore, plateau measurement using scintillators often requires a large number of scintillators and also extra processes
for measurement setups. This results in more work and increased cost in order to supply customers with plateau measurement data. Using blue LEDs allows simultaneous measurement of many photomultiplier tubes and supplying data with a
minimum cost increase.
Figures 14 and 15 show comparisons of plateau length data
measured using scintillators and blue LEDs. As can be seen,
this data shows a good correlation. The block diagram of the
test using a blue LED is also shown in Figure 13.
1.3
LIGHT SOURCE
: BLUE LED
LOWER LEVEL DISCRIM.: 1.5 pC
TEMP.
: 175 °C
1.2
1.1
1.0
PLATEAU LENGTH: 629 V
0.9
0.8
0.7
140
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
APPLIED VOLTAGE ( V )
120
TPMHB0633EA
100
400
450
500
550
600
PLATEAU LENGTH MEASURED WITH BLUE LED (V)
650
25
Figure 16: Screening test block diagram for R1288A-31, R1288AH-31, R3991A-31, R3991AH-31, R6877A-31
and an example test data
DC POWER
SUPPLY
HIGH VOLTAGE
POWER SUPPLY
MAGNETIC SHIELD
WRAPPING
LED
<Screening Condition>
Vibration
: Sine wave 200 m/s2 (20 g's), 50 Hz to 2000 Hz
Sweep time
: 1 oct. per minute, 1 sweep per axis (3 axes)
Supply voltage
: -1500 V
Anode output current : Approx. 2 µA (DC)
PMT
SHAKER
<Judgement>
Anode output variation during the screening test: less than ±5 %
VIBRATION
CONTROL
UNIT
TPMHC0106EB
Z-axis
5 min.
X-axis
10 %
VARIATION OF
ANODE OUTPUT (2 %/div.)
RECORDER
50
2000
50
FREQUENCY (Hz)
DY1
X-axis
5 min.
Y-axis
10 %
VARIATION OF
ANODE OUTPUT (2 %/div.)
Y-axis
50
2000
5 min.
Z-axis
10 %
VARIATION OF
ANODE OUTPUT (2 %/div.)
DY2
TACCC0043EB
50
FREQUENCY (Hz)
50
2000
50
FREQUENCY (Hz)
TPMHB0220EA
Random vibration test and monitoring in counting output are also available upon request.
Figure 17: Screening test block diagram in pulse counting measurement
MAGNETIC SHIELD
WRAPPING
HIGH VOLTAGE
POWER SUPPLY
PMT
VIBRATION
CONTROL
UNIT
<Judgement>
Anode output average noise count within 1 s-1 during vibration test
LINEAR
AMP.
SINGLE
CHANNEL
ANALYZER
26
<Screening Condition>
Vibration
: Sine wave 200 m/s2 (20 g's), 50 Hz to 2000 Hz
Sweep time
: 1 oct. per minute, 1 sweep per axis (3 axes)
Supply voltage
: equivalent voltage of 5 × 105 gain
Lower level discrim. : 1.5 pC
PRE AMP.
SHAKER
COUNTER
TPMHC0252EA
2. Technical information of
photomultiplier tubes
2-1. Long life characteristic of R1288AH
Compared to the R1288A, the R1288AH offers less degradation
in output and higher stability even during continuous operation
at 200 °C.
RELATIVE PULSE HEIGHT (%)
Figure 1: R1288AH relative pulse height vs. operating time (Temperature: 200 °C)
150
TPMHB0825EB
R1288AH
100
R1288A
50
LIGHT SOURCE: BLUE LED (SIMULATED NaI(Tl)+137Cs)
COUNT RATE: 1 ks-1, SUPPLY VOLTAGE: 1500 V
0
1
10
100
1000
10000
OPERATION TIME (hours)
Stability is drastically improved even during continuous operation at 175 °C.
RELATIVE PULSE HEIGHT (%)
Figure 2: R1288AH relative pulse height vs. operating time (Temperature: 175 °C)
150
TPMHB0826EA
R1288AH
100
R1288A
50
LIGHT SOURCE: BLUE LED (SIMULATED NaI(Tl)+137Cs)
COUNT RATE: 1 ks-1, SUPPLY VOLTAGE: 1500 V
0
1
10
100
1000
10000
OPERATION TIME (hours)
27
2-2. Comparison of pulse height resolution on different dia. PMTs with same sized scintillators
PULSE HEIGHT RESOLUTION (%)
Figure 3: With
11
0.75" × 1.5" NaI(Tl) scintillator
(at 25 °C)
TPMHB0915EA
RADIATION SOURCE: 137Cs
10.5
R8874-01
10
9.5
9
R3991A-27
COUNT RATE: 1 ks-1
SUPPLY VOLTAGE = EQUIVALENT VOLTAGE OF 1 mA PEAK OUTPUT FROM PMT
8.5
4.5
5
5.5
6
6.5
7
7.5
8
CATHODE BLUE SENSITIVITY INDEX (CS 5-58)
PULSE HEIGHT RESOLUTION (%)
Figure 4: With
12
11.5
1" × 2" NaI(Tl) scintillator
(at 25 °C)
TPMHB0916EA
RADIATION SOURCE: 137Cs
R8874-01
11
10.5
R3991A-27
10
9.5
R1288A-27
9
8.5
COUNT RATE: 1 ks-1
SUPPLY VOLTAGE = EQUIVALENT VOLTAGE OF 1 mA PEAK OUTPUT FROM PMT
8
4.5
5
5.5
6
6.5
7
7.5
CATHODE BLUE SENSITIVITY INDEX (CS 5-58)
28
8
3. Technical information of
photomultiplier tube assemblies
3-1. Count rate characteristics
Power consumption is limited in oil well logging equipment.
The voltage divider circuit for operating the photomultiplier tube
must have low power consumption. A common method to lower
power consumption is to use a high resistance to limit the voltage divider current. However, such a design causes deviation in
photomultiplier tube gain when operated at a high count rate.
An active divider circuit is effective in solving this problem. Fig-
ure 1 shows count rate characteristics of a R1288A photomultiplier tube measured with active divider circuits of different base
resisters (1R=2 MΩ, 1R=100 kΩ and 1R=2 MΩ ACTIVE DIVIDER). Active divider circuits are clearly effective in eliminating
gain fluctuations while still limiting the voltage divider current.
If the active divider circuit is required for your application,
please contact our sales office nearest you.
Figure 1: Count rate characteristics
1R=2 MΩ
1R=2 MΩ ACTIVE DIVIDER
20
DIVIDER CURRENT
1500 V: 58 µA
1200 V: 46 µA
15
RADIATION SOURCE: 137Cs
SCINTILLATOR: NaI(Tl) 1" × 2"
LOWER LEVEL DISCRIM.: 60 keV
+1500 V
10
+1200 V
5
0
0
10
20
30
40
50
RADIATION SOURCE: 137Cs
SCINTILLATOR: NaI(Tl) 1" × 2"
LOWER LEVEL DISCRIM.: 60 keV
DIVIDER CURRENT
1500 V: 58 µA
1200 V: 46 µA
15
DEVIATION (%)
DEVIATION (%)
20
10
+1500 V
+1200 V
5
0
60
0
10
20
COUNT RATE (k s-1)
30
40
50
60
COUNT RATE (k s-1)
1R=100 kΩ
DEVIATION (%)
20
DIVIDER CURRENT
1500 V: 1150 µA
1200 V: 920 µA
15
RADIATION SOURCE: 137Cs
SCINTILLATOR: NaI(Tl) 1" × 2"
LOWER LEVEL DISCRIM.: 60 keV
ACTIVE DIVIDER CIRCUIT
P
K
OUTPUT
Dy1 Dy2 Dy3 Dy4 Dy5 Dy6 Dy7 Dy8 Dy9 Dy10
R
10
3R
+1500 V
+1200 V
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
ACTIVE DIVIDER
CIRCUIT
GND/+HV
-HV/GND
5
TPMHB0752EA
0
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
COUNT RATE (k s-1)
29
WARNING
HIGH
VOLTAGE
Take sufficient care to avoid an electric shock hazard
handling of high voltages. Designs of equipment utilizing
A high voltage used in photomultiplier tube operathese devices should incorporate appropriate interlocks to
tion may present a shock hazard. Photomultiplier
protect the operator and service personnel.
tubes should be installed and handled only by
qualified personnel that have been instructed in
PRECAUTIONS FOR USE
● Handle tubes with extreme care
Photomultiplier tubes have evacuated glass envelopes. Allowing the glass to be scratched or to be subjected to shock
can cause cracks.
plastic base, so care should be taken in handling this type of
tube. For example, when fabricating the voltage-divider circuit, solder the divider resistors to socket lugs while the tube
is inserted in the socket.
● Keep faceplate and base clean
Do not touch the faceplate and base with bare hands. Dirt
and fingerprints on the faceplate cause loss of transmittance
and dirt on the base may cause ohmic leakage. Should they
become soiled, wipe it clean using alcohol.
● Low temperature storage or operation
Do not leave the tube assembly having a voltage divider in
the environment under -30 °C even in storage. A bare tube
can withstand down to -80 °C.
● Applied force to faceplate
The maximum rating of assembly type is 20 kgf. Do not apply
force to faceplate exceeding 20 kgf.
● Do not expose to strong light
Direct sunlight and other strong illumination may cause damage to the photocathode. They must not be allowed to strike
the photocathode, even when the tube is not operated.
● Handling of tubes with a glass base
A glass base (also called button stem) is less rugged than a
● DO NOT use supersonic cleaner.
● Attached base and socket are only for lab inspection,
and not guarantee for long time operation at high temperature.
Data and specifications listed in this catalog are subject to
change due to product improvement and other factors. Before
specifying any of the types in your production equipment,
please consult our sales office.
WARRANTY
Hamamatsu photomultiplier tubes and related products are
warranted to the original purchaser for a period of 12 months
after delivery. The warranty is limited to repair or replacement of a defective product due to defects in workmanship or
materials used in its manufacture.
However, even if within the warranty period the warranty
shall not apply to failures or damages caused by misoperation, mishandling, modification or accidents such as natural or
man-made disasters.
The customer should inspect and test all products as soon as
they are delivered.
WHEN DISPOSAL THE PRODUCT
The material in the PMT contains beryllium alloy. Please follow the applicable regulations regarding disposal of hazard-
30
ous materials and industrial wastes in your country, state, region or province.
Memo
31
HAMAMATSU PHOTONICS K.K., Electron Tube Division
314-5, Shimokanzo, Iwata City, Shizuoka Pref., 438-0193, Japan
Telephone: (81)539/62-5248, Fax: (81)539/62-2205
www.hamamatsu.com
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© 2014 Hamamatsu Photonics K.K.
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REVISED SEPT. 2014
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E-mail: [email protected]
Quality, technology and service are part of every product.
North Europe and CIS:
HAMAMATSU PHOTONICS NORDEN AB
Main Office
Torshamnsgatan 35 16440 Kista, Sweden
Telephone: (46)8-509-031-00, Fax: (46)8-509-031-01
E-mail: [email protected]
Russian Office
11, Chistoprudny Boulevard, Building 1,
101000, Moscow, Russia
Telephone: (7)495 258 85 18, Fax: (7)495 258 85 19
E-mail: [email protected]
Italy:
HAMAMATSU PHOTONICS ITALIA S.r.l.
Main Office
Strada della Moia, 1 int. 6
20020 Arese (Milano), Italy
Telephone: (39)02-93581733, Fax: (39)02-93581741
E-mail: [email protected]
Rome Office
Viale Cesare Pavese, 435, 00144 Roma, Italy
Telephone: (39)06-50513454, Fax: (39)06-50513460
E-mail: [email protected]
TPMH0004E03
SEPT. 2014 IP