M21050 Duplex Quad (Octal) Multi-Rate CDR (1.0 Gbps - 3.2 Gbps) The M21050 is a high-performance duplex quad (octal) multi-rate clock and data recovery (CDR) array, optimized for multi-lane datacom applications. Each CDR operates independently at data rates between 1.0 Gbps to 3.2 Gbps, allowing maximum flexibility in system design. Signal conditioning features include input equalization and output pre-emphasis, allowing robust reception and transmission of signals to other devices up to 60" away. User-selectable input/output interface types allow coupling to/from CML and InfiniBand. Frequency acquisition is accomplished with an external reference clock. The built-in frequency synthesizer allows multi-rate operation, while operating with a single reference clock. The device can be controlled either through hardwired pins or an I2C-compatible interface. The hardwired mode eliminates the need for an external micro-controller, while allowing control of the key features of the device. The I2C-compatible interface allows complete control of the device features. Applications Features • • • • • • • • • • Eight independent CDRs in a duplex quad configuration • Signal conditioning features on inputs and outputs for trace lengths of up to 60", and cable lengths up to 25m • Jitter Tolerance 0.625 UI typical • Interface to CML and InfiniBand • I2C-compatible or hardwired control interfaces • Power consumption as low as 800 mW • Built-in pattern generator and receiver for module and system testing • Optimized for PRBS, 8b/10b or similar data patterns Fibre Channel systems Gigabit Ethernet systems 10GBASE-CX4 systems & modules Backplane reach extension 1.5 Gbps and 3 Gbps Serial-ATA Systems Port Bypass Clock Synthesizer PCI Express InfiniBand systems and modules Input Equalization VddTA0/1 VddTA2/3 xRegu_En Voltage Regulator Input Buffer DoutA3[P/N] JTAG BIST Transmitter Mux DoutA2[P/N] Quad CDR Array DoutA1[P/N] CML Output Buffer + Pre-Emphasis DoutA0[P/N] BIST Receiver Mux Multifunction Pin Array Serial Interface/Hardwired Mode xJTAG_En xAlarmB xAlarmA xRST Out_Mode CTRL_Mode MF[7:0] Functional Block Diagram DinA0[P/N] DinA1[P/N] DinA2[P/N] DinA3[P/N] CDR Ctrl /Ref Passthrough 21050-DSH-001-F CML Output Buffer + Pre-Emphasis BIST Receiver Mux Quad CDR Array B-side Loopback DoutB0[P/N] DoutB1[P/N] DoutB2[P/N] DoutB3[P/N] RefClk [P/N] VddTB0/1 DinB3[P/N] BIST Transmitter Mux DinB2[P/N] Input Buffer DinB1[P/N] BIST Receiver BIST Transmitter VddTB2/3 DinB0[P/N] Input Equalization A-side Loopback Mindspeed Technologies™ Mindspeed Proprietary and Confidential Sept. 2006 M21050 Data Sheet Ordering Information Part Number Package Operating Data Rate Operating Temperature M21050-14 72-terminal, 10mm x 10mm, MLF 1 Gbps - 3.2 Gbps –40 °C to 85 °C M21050G-14 72-terminal, 10mm x 10mm, MLF 1 Gbps - 3.2 Gbps –40 °C to 85 °C (RoHS compliant) NOTES: 1. The letter “G” designator after the part number indicates that the device is RoHS-compliant. Refer to www.mindspeed.com for additional information. 2. M21050 is the base device number, and -14 is the device revision number. 3. These devices are shipped in trays. Revision History ii Revision Level Date Description F Release September 2006 E Release June 2005 Added RoHS compliant model numbers to the ordering information. D Release April 2005 Incorporated all topics/items discussed in product bulletin 21050-PDB-003-A: • FDA mode no longer supported • Changed table of recommended reference clock frequencies • Updated LOA detector window Updated specifications tables with results from electrical characterization: • Included specifications for latency, output data duty cycle, and channel to channel output data skew • Input differential voltage minimum spec increased from 50 mV to 125 mV • Input common-mode voltage minimum spec increased from Vss to 800 mV • Decreased jitter tolerance specification from 0.65 UI to 0.625 UI • Updated ESD specifications • Updated RIN and ROUT maximum values from 55Ω to 65Ω • Increased DC power dissipation specifications • Increased IOL specifications for two-wire interface • Output data deterministic jitter increased from 115 mUI to 150 mUI • Output data total jitter increased from 215 mUI to 250 mUI Other topics discussed: • Included support of adaptive input equalization • Provided details about programmable input hysteresis (new feature) • Renamed pin Out_Mode0 as Out_Mode and set Out_Mode1 as N/C • Updated phase loop bandwidth settings C Preliminary December 2003 B Preliminary July 2003 A Preliminary December 2002 Updated Table 3-6: VOL, VOH, VOD for all swing levels. Updated Table 3-4: IOL, IOH, tr, tf New document format, major rewrite to incorporate design changes and add content. Change temperature range from 0° to 85°C to -40° to 85°C Preliminary release Mindspeed Technologies™ Mindspeed Proprietary and Confidential 21050-DSH-001-F Table of Contents Ordering Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ii 3. Revision History . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ii Table of Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iii List of Figures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . v List of Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii 1.0 Functional Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1.1 1.2 2.0 Detailed Feature Descriptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 1.1.1 Conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 1.1.2 Reset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 1.1.3 Internal Voltage Regulator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 1.1.4 High-Speed Input/Output Pins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2 1.1.5 CDR Reference Frequency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4 1.1.6 Multifunction Pins Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4 1.1.7 Multifunction Pins Defined for Hardwired Mode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 1.1.8 Two-Wire Serial Interface. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6 1.1.9 JTAG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6 1.1.10 Input Deterministic Jitter Attenuators. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6 1.1.11 Output Pre-Emphasis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8 1.1.12 Dual 4x4 Loopback. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9 1.1.13 CDR Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9 1.1.14 Multi-Rate CDR Data-Rate Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11 1.1.15 Frequency Reference Acquisition (FRA) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11 1.1.16 Loss of Activity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14 1.1.17 Built-in Self Test (BIST) Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14 1.1.18 BIST Test Patterns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15 1.1.19 BIST Receiver (BIST Rx) Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15 1.1.20 BIST Transmitter (BIST Tx) Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15 1.1.21 Junction Temperature Monitor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17 1.1.22 IC Identification / Revision Code . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17 Pin Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18 Registers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 2.1 Global Control Registers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22 2.1.1 Global Control Registers Nomenclature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22 2.1.2 Global Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22 2.1.3 Loopback Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22 2.1.4 External Reference Frequency Divider Control (RFD) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23 2.1.5 Master Chip Reset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23 21050-DSH-001-F Mindspeed Technologies™ Mindspeed Proprietary and Confidential iii M21050 Data Sheet 2.2 3.0 Product Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 4.0 Absolute Maximum Ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41 Recommended Operating Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .42 Power Dissipation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43 Input/Output Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .44 CDR Performance Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .49 Package Drawings and Surface Mount Assembly Details . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .51 PCB High-Speed Design and Layout Guidelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .56 Appendices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 4.1 4.2 iv 2.1.6 IC Electronic Identification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23 2.1.7 IC Revision Code . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23 2.1.8 Input Hysteresis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24 2.1.9 Built In Self-Test (BIST) Receiver Channel Select. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24 2.1.10 Built In Self-Test (BIST) Receiver Main Control Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25 2.1.11 Built In Self-Test (BIST) Receiver Bit Error Counter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25 2.1.12 Built In Self-Test (BIST) Transmitter Channel Select . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26 2.1.13 Built In Self-Test (BIST) Transmitter Main Control Register. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27 2.1.14 Built In Self-Test (BIST) Transmitter PLL Loss of Lock Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27 2.1.15 Built In Self-Test (BIST) Transmitter PLL Control Register A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29 2.1.16 Built In Self-Test (BIST) Transmitter PLL Control Register B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29 2.1.17 Built In Self-Test (BIST) Transmitter PLL Control Register C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29 2.1.18 Built In Self-Test (BIST) Transmitter 20 bit User Programmable Pattern . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30 2.1.19 Built In Self-Test (BIST) Transmitter 16/20-bit User Programmable Pattern . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30 2.1.20 Built In Self-Test (BIST) Transmitter 16/20-bit User Programmable Pattern . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30 2.1.21 Built In Self-Test (BIST) Transmitter Alarm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31 2.1.22 Internal Junction Temperature Monitor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31 2.1.23 Internal Junction Temperature Value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31 2.1.24 CDR Loss of Lock Register Alarm Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32 2.1.25 Loss of Activity Register Alarm Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32 Individual Channel/CDR Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33 2.2.1 CDR N Control Register A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33 2.2.2 CDR N Control Register B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34 2.2.3 CDR N Control Register C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34 2.2.4 Output Buffer Control for CDR N . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35 2.2.5 Output Buffer Pre-Emphasis Control for Output N . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35 2.2.6 Input Equalization Control for Output N . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36 2.2.7 CDR N Loop Bandwidth and Data Sampling Point Adjust. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37 2.2.8 CDR N FRA LOL Window Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37 2.2.9 Jitter Reduction Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39 Glossary of Terms/Acronyms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .59 Reference Documents. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .60 4.2.1 External . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .60 4.2.2 Mindspeed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .60 Mindspeed Technologies™ Mindspeed Proprietary and Confidential 21050-DSH-001-F List of Figures Figure 1-1. Figure 1-2. Figure 1-3. Figure 1-4. Figure 1-5. Figure 1-6. Figure 3-1. Figure 3-2. Figure 3-3. Figure 3-4. Figure 3-5. Figure 3-6. Figure 3-7. Figure 3-8. Figure 3-9. Figure 3-10. Figure 3-11. 21050-DSH-001-F Recommended Data and Reference Clock Input Coupling Circuitry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3 2.5 Gbps waveform after transmission through 25m of twinaxial cable (input to M21050) . . . . . . . . . .7 2.5 Gbps waveform at M21050 output with input shown in Figure 1-2 (CDR enabled and IE at maximum setting) 8 Definition of Pre-Emphasis Levels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9 Block Diagram of FRA Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12 M21050 Pinout Diagram (Top View) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20 High-Speed Data Input Internal Circuitry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45 Reference Clock Input Internal Circuitry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .48 Jitter Tolerance Specification Mask . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .50 Cross-Section of MLF Package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .51 68-Pin Package Drawing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .52 72-Pin Package Dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .53 PCB Footprint for 72-Pin 10 mm MLF Package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .54 PCB Pad Extensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .55 Recommended Via Array for Thermal Pad . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .55 Trace Length Matching Using Serpentine Pattern . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .57 Loop Length Matching for Differential Traces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .57 Mindspeed Technologies™ Mindspeed Proprietary and Confidential v M21050 Data Sheet vi Mindspeed Technologies™ Mindspeed Proprietary and Confidential 21050-DSH-001-F List of Tables Table 1-1. Table 1-2. Table 1-3. Table 1-4. Table 1-5. Table 1-6. Table 1-7. Table 1-8. Table 1-9. Table 1-10. Table 1-11. Table 1-12. Table 1-13. Table 1-14. Table 1-15. Table 1-16. Table 1-17. Table 2-1. Table 2-2. Table 2-3. Table 2-4. Table 2-5. Table 2-6. Table 2-7. Table 2-8. Table 2-9. Table 2-10. Table 2-11. Table 2-12. Table 2-13. Table 2-14. Table 2-15. Table 2-16. Table 2-17. Table 2-18. Table 2-19. 21050-DSH-001-F Output Interface and Level Mapping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2 Output Interface and Recommended AVdd_I/O Range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2 Mode Select Pins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4 Multifunction Pins for Hardwired Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 Hardwired Data-Rates and Associated Reference Clock Frequencies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 Multifunction Pins for Two-Wire Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6 Multifunction Pins for JTAG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6 Valid Input Data Range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11 Reference Clock Frequency Ranges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12 DRD/RFD/VCD Settings for Different Data-Rates and Reference Frequencies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13 LOL Window Size and Decision Time Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14 BIST PRBS Patterns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15 BIST 8b/10b Patterns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15 Junction Temperature Monitor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17 Power Pins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18 High-Speed Signal Pins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18 Control, Interface, and Alarm Pins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19 Register Table Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21 Global Control (Globctrl: Address 00h) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22 Loopback Control (Loopback: Address 03h) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22 External Reference Frequency Divider Control (RFD) (Refclk_ctrl: Address 04h) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23 Master Chip Reset (Mastreset: Address 05h) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23 IC Electronic ID (Chipcode: Address 06h) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23 IC Revision Code (Revcode: Address 07h) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23 Input Hysteresis (Input_hys: Address 08h) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24 Receiver Channel Select (BISTrx_chsel: Address 10h) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24 Built In Self-Test (BIST) Receiver Main Control Register (BISTrx_ctrl: Address 11h) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25 Built In Self-Test (BIST) Receiver Bit Error Counter (BISTrx_error: Address 12h) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25 Built In Self-Test (BIST) Transmitter Channel Select (BISTtx_chsel: Address 14h) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26 Built In Self-Test (BIST) Transmitter Main Control Register (BISTtx_ctrl: Address 15h) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27 Built In Self-Test (BIST) Transmitter PLL Loss of Lock Register (BISTtx_LOLctrl Address 17h) . . . . . . . . . . . .27 Built In Self-Test (BIST) Transmitter PLL Control Register A (BISTtx_PLL_ctrlA: Address 18h) . . . . . . . . . . . .29 Built In Self-Test (BIST) Transmitter PLL Control Register B (BISTtx_PLL_ctrlB: Address 19h) . . . . . . . . . . . .29 Built In Self-Test (BIST) Transmitter PLL Control Register C (BISTtx_PLL_ctrlC: Address 1Ah) . . . . . . . . . . . .29 Built In Self-Test (BIST) Transmitter 20 bit User Programmable Pattern (BIST_pattern0: Address 1Bh) . . . . . .30 Built In Self-Test (BIST) Transmitter 16/20 bit User Programmable Pattern (BIST_pattern1: Address 1Ch) . . .30 Mindspeed Technologies™ Mindspeed Proprietary and Confidential vii M21050 Data Sheet Table 2-20. Table 2-21. Table 2-22. Table 2-23. Table 2-24. Table 2-25. Table 2-26. Table 2-27. Table 2-28. Table 2-29. Table 2-30. Table 2-31. Table 2-32. Table 2-33. Table 2-34. Table 3-1. Table 3-2. Table 3-3. Table 3-4. Table 3-5. Table 3-6. Table 3-7. Table 3-8. Table 3-9. Table 3-10. Table 3-11. Table 4-1. viii Built In Self-Test (BIST) Transmitter 16/20 bit User Programmable Pattern (BIST_pattern2: Address 1Dh) . . .30 Built In Self-Test (BIST) Transmitter Alarm (BISTtx_alarm: Address 1Fh) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31 Internal Junction Temperature Monitor (Temp_mon: Address 20h) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31 Internal Junction Temperature Value (Temp_value: Address 21h) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31 CDR Loss of Lock Register Alarm Status (Alarm_LOL: Address 30h) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32 Loss of Activity Register Alarm Status (Alarm_LOA: Address 31h) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32 CDR N Control Register A (CDR_ctrlA_N: Address M0h) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33 CDR N Control Register B (CDR_ctrlB_N: Address M1h) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34 CDR N Control Register C (CDR_ctrlC_N: Address M2h) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34 Output Buffer Control for CDR N (Out_ctrl_N: Address M3h) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35 Output Buffer Pre-Emphasis Control for Output N (Preemp_ctrl_N: Address M4h) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35 Input Equalization Control for Output N (Ineq_ctrl_N: Address M5h) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36 CDR N Loop Bandwidth and Data Sampling Point Adjust (Phadj_ctrl_N: Address M6h) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37 CDR N FRA LOL Window Control (LOL_ctrl_N: Address M9h) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37 Jitter Reduction Control (Jitter_reduc_N: Address MAh) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39 Absolute Maximum Ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41 Recommended Operating Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .42 DC Power Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43 Two-Wire Serial Interface CMOS I/O Electrical Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .44 High-Speed Input Electrical Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .44 PCML (Positive Current Mode Logic) Output Electrical Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .46 Input Equalization Performance Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .46 Output Pre-Emphasis Performance Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .47 Reference Clock Input . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .47 CDR High-Speed Performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .49 CDR Alarm Performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .50 Acronyms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .59 Mindspeed Technologies™ Mindspeed Proprietary and Confidential 21050-DSH-001-F 1.0 Functional Description 1.1 Detailed Feature Descriptions 1.1.1 Conventions Throughout this data sheet, physical pins will be denoted in bold italic print. An array of pins can be called by each individual pin name (e.g. MF0, MF1, MF2, MF3, and MF6) or as an array (e.g. MF [6,3:0]). The M21050 control is accessed through registers that employ an 8-bit address and an 8-bit data scheme. Registers are denoted in italic print, e.g. TestRegister and individual bits within the register will be called out as TestRegister [4:3] to denote the 4th and 3rd bit where bit 0 is the LSB and bit 7 is the MSB. Many features are bit mapped within a register; if the status of the other bits are uncertain, it is recommended that the user reads the value from the register before writing, to assure only the desired bits change. Writing in the same value to the bits within a register does not cause glitches to the unchanged features. The address for the register as well as its functions can be found in detail in Section 2.0. The purpose of the text description is to highlight the features of the register. For redundant items, such as the channel number, the registers will have a nomenclature of TestReg_0 for channel 0, TestReg_1 for channel 1. For general reference, the text will denote such registers as TestReg_N where N can vary from 0 to 7. 1.1.2 Reset Upon application of power, the M21050 automatically generates a master reset. At any time, forcing xRST = L causes the M21050 to enter the master reset state. A master reset can also be initiated through the registers in the two-wire interface control mode by writing AAh to Mastreset. Once a master reset is initiated, all registers are returned to the default values, the internal state machines cleared, and all CDR/BIST reset to the out-of-lock condition. After a reset, the register Mastreset will automatically return to the default value of 00h. Each individual CDR can be soft reset by setting CDR_ctrlA_N[7] = 1 where N = 0 for CDR A0, N = 1 for CDR A1,…,N = 4 for CDR B0,...,N = 7 for CDR B3. The bit should be returned to 0b for normal operation. In this case, the registers that determine the CDR operation options such as data-rate, window sizes, etc., remain unchanged and only the CDR state-machine is reset, resulting in an out-of lock condition. 1.1.3 Internal Voltage Regulator The digital and analog core are designed to run at 1.2V, however, for operation from 1.8 to 2.5V, an internal linear voltage regulator is provided. xRegu_En = L enables the voltage regulator which uses AVdd_I/O and DVdd_I/O to generate the required 1.2V for AVdd_Core and DVdd_Core. In this mode, the AVdd_Core and DVdd_Core pins should be connected to a floating DC low inductance PCB plane, and AC bypassed to Vss using standard decoupling techniques. If desired, AVdd_Core and DVdd_Core can be separated into individual planes. If 1.2V is available, it can be connected directly to AVdd_Core and DVdd_Core, to save power, by bypassing the internal linear regulator with xRegu_En = H. In this case, it is recommended that the AVdd_Core and DVdd_Core pins be tied together to a common PCB plane, and bypassed to Vss with standard decoupling techniques. 21050-DSH-001-F Mindspeed Technologies™ Mindspeed Proprietary and Confidential 1 M21050 Data Sheet 1.1.4 High-Speed Input/Output Pins The high-speed input data interface can support PCML and InfiniBand (AC-coupled). The high-speed serial differential data (1 Gbps to 3.2 Gbps) enters the CDR via Din [B3:A0,P/N]. Inputs A0 and A1 (B0 and B1) are internally terminated with 50Ω to VddTA0/1 (VddTB0/1) and inputs A2 and A3 (B2 and B3) are terminated with 50Ω to VddTA2/3 (VddTB2/3). VddT must be tied to Vdd_Core and decoupled to ground with high frequency capacitors. VddT must be a low-impedance node since it is shared between inputs, which requires either a low impedance plane or bypass capacitors. The M21050 supports the following high-speed output modes: DC-coupled PCML, and AC-coupled InfiniBand. The output modes are selectable with a hardwired pin only, Out_Mode, and the output can be globally enabled or disabled with MF7 as shown in Table 1-1. In the two-wire interface mode, the Out_ctrl_N[7:6] register is used to set the data level, and Out_Mode is used to set the interface type. In the two-wire interface mode, the data output can be enabled with Out_ctrl_N[2] = 1b (default), and the output data polarity can be flipped by setting Out_ctrl_N[3] = 1b (default: no inversion). Note that N goes from 0 to 7 to map I/O for A0...A3, B0...B3. Output data polarity flip is an internal function that would have the same effect as switching the P and N terminals. In addition to software control via the two-wire interface, the output data polarity can also be flipped by pulling the pins MF [6:5] low, as shown in Table 1-4. The recommended AVdd_I/O for the different outputs is shown in Table 1-2. Table 1-1. Multifunction Pin MF7 PCML Mode Out_Mode = 0b InfiniBand Mode Out_Mode = 1b 0b Off Off 1b 1000 mV 1600 mV Table 1-2. 2 Output Interface and Level Mapping Output Interface and Recommended AVdd_I/O Range Output Logic AVdd_I/O Range (V) Off 1.8 - 2.5 PCML 600 mV 1.8 - 2.5 PCML 1000 mV 1.8 - 2.5 PCML 1300 mV 1.8 - 2.5 InfiniBand 1600 mV 1.8 - 2.5 Mindspeed Technologies™ Mindspeed Proprietary and Confidential 21050-DSH-001-F Functional Description Figure 1-1. Recommended Data and Reference Clock Input Coupling Circuitry M21050 50Ω 0.1 µF DinP 50Ω Data Input Buffer VddT (connect to Vdd_Core) 50Ω 50Ω 0.1 µF DinN 820Ω Vdd_I/O 10 KΩ 50Ω 10 KΩ 0.1 µF RefClkP Clock Input Buffer 50Ω 0.1 µF RefClkN 2 KΩ 21050-DSH-001-F 2 KΩ Mindspeed Technologies™ Mindspeed Proprietary and Confidential 3 M21050 Data Sheet 1.1.5 CDR Reference Frequency The CDR frequency acquisition requires the use of an external reference clock. An external reference clock is applied to RefClk [P/N] to enable frequency reference acquisition (FRA) in the CDR. PCML, LVTTL, CMOS are examples of the wide variety of interfaces supported for the reference clock. The inputs contain a DC-coupled 100Ω differential termination between RefClkP and RefClkN along with a 100 kΩ pull-down on each terminal to Vss. After this termination/pull-down block, the inputs are AC coupled internally. The common-mode and allowable voltage swings are specified in Table 3-11. The RefClk common-mode must be above 250 mV, which may require external pull-ups, in the case of external AC-coupling. 1.1.6 Multifunction Pins Overview The M21050 is designed to be an extremely versatile device, with many user-selectable options in the CDR and I/ O to optimize performance. All of these options can be accessed and controlled through the serial interface. The serial interface is a two-wire interface that is compatible with industry standard I2C, and shall be referred to as the two-wire interface. When selected, the two-wire interface I/O pins and address pins are mapped to the multifunction pins MF [7:0]. A subset of the key features for most applications, such as standard data-rates, I/O level, etc., can be selected through MF [7:0] in the hardwired option, which does not require use of any serial interface. In this mode, upon power up (auto reset on power up), the M21050 function is determined by the status of the physical hardwired pins. During operation, the hardwired pins can change states, which would cause the CDR to follow with the appropriate action. Another feature of the multifunction pins is to support JTAG testing of this device during PCB manufacturing. The various control and test modes of this device are selected with two pins: CTRL_Mode, and xJTAG_En. xJTAG_En = L overrides CTRL_Mode, and puts the device in JTAG test mode, while xJTAG_En = H allows CTRL_Mode to determine the M21050 control method, as summarized in Table 1-3. Table 1-3. 4 Mode Select Pins Pin JTAG Test Mode Hardwired Mode 2-Wire Serial xJTAG_En L H H CTRL_Mode no effect 1b 0b Mindspeed Technologies™ Mindspeed Proprietary and Confidential 21050-DSH-001-F Functional Description 1.1.7 Multifunction Pins Defined for Hardwired Mode A subset of options in the M21050 can be accessed with hardwired pins, as defined in Table 1-4. The hardwired data-rates, along with the default reference frequency, are shown in Table 1-5. Table 1-4. Multifunction Pins for Hardwired Mode Pin Function MF0 Data-Rate 0 CDR Rate Select (See Table 1-5 for description) MF1 Data-Rate 1 CDR Rate Select (See Table 1-5 for description) MF2 Data-Rate 2 CDR Rate Select (See Table 1-5 for description) MF3 A-side equalization and B-side pre-emphasis enable H = Disabled L = A-side input equalization enabled, and B-side output pre-emphasis enabled MF4 B-side equalization and A-side pre-emphasis enable H = Disabled L = B-side input equalization enabled, and A-side output pre-emphasis enabled MF5 A-side polarity flip H = Normal data polarity L = Inverted polarity MF6 B-side polarity flip H = Normal data polarity L = Inverted polarity MF7 Output Level Table 1-5. Description L = All outputs powered down H = All outputs on: nominal output level. Output type selected with Out_Mode Hardwired Data-Rates and Associated Reference Clock Frequencies Pins MF [2:0] Application Signal Data-rate (Gbps) Reference Frequency (MHz) 000 10x Fibre Channel - XAUI 3.1875 159.375 001 10 Gigabit Ethernet - XAUI 3.125 156.25 010 InfiniBand 2.5 62.5 011 STS-48 2.48832 19.44 100 InfiniBand 2.5 250 101 2x Fibre Channel 2.125 106.25 110 Gigabit Ethernet 1.250 125 111 1x Fibre Channel 1.0625 106.25 21050-DSH-001-F Mindspeed Technologies™ Mindspeed Proprietary and Confidential 5 M21050 Data Sheet 1.1.8 Two-Wire Serial Interface The two-wire interface is compatible with the I2C standard. The M21050 supports the read/write slave-only mode; 7-bit device address field width (3 MSB fixed to 001b and 4 LSBs set with MF [3:0]), and supports the standard data rate of 100 kbps, fast mode of 400 kbps, and high-speed mode of 3.4 Mbps. SDA (MF5) and SCL (MF4) can drive a maximum of 500 pF each at the maximum data-rate. During the write mode from the master to the M21050, data is latched into the internal M21050 registers on the rising edge of SCL, during the acknowledge phase (ACK) of communication. Table 1-6 summarizes the multifunction pins for the two-wire interface. For further information on timing, please see the I 2C bus specification standard. Table 1-6. Multifunction Pins for Two-Wire Interface Pin Function MF0 Address bit 0 MF1 Address bit 1 MF2 Address bit 2 MF3 Address bit 3 MF4 SCL Clock input MF5 SDA Data input/output (open drain) 1.1.9 Description 7-bit device address; address bit 0 is LSB, address bit 6 is MSB JTAG The M21050 supports JTAG external boundary scan only, which includes all of the high-speed I/O, as well as the digital I/O. Table 1-7. Multifunction Pins for JTAG Pin Function Description MF4 TCLK Test clock MF5 TDO Test data output MF6 TDI Test data input MF7 TMS Test select 1.1.10 Input Deterministic Jitter Attenuators Each of the eight input channels contains an independent input equalizer (IE). For the IE, the address N is mapped to the input channel. In the hardwired mode, there is the option to set equalization on or off. In the two-wire serial interface control mode, the default state allows for configurable input equalization settings using Ineq_ctrl_N[3, 1:0], for which the setting of 100b is optimized for trace-lengths between 10 - 46 inches and twinaxial cable lengths between 5 - 15m. The input equalization settings have been optimized for a variety of connectivity applications, such as board traces and cables. For PCB, the input equalization settings have been specified to operate up to 60” at 3.1875 Gbps on FR4, and up to 72” on FR4 at 2.125 Gbps. The equalizer has similar high performance on Nelco-13, Arlon 25, Rogers 3003, 4003C, 4340, GeTek PCB materials, and twinaxial cables. Another component of input deterministic jitter is ISI due to DC offsets. By default, a DC servo-like circuit is enabled to correct for this type of deterministic jitter, and can be disabled by setting Ineq_ctrl_N[4] = 0b. The DC servo can also be used to track changes in the common mode for single-ended operation. When the CDR, DC servo, and IE are all enabled, the jitter tolerance should be greater than 1 UI. 6 Mindspeed Technologies™ Mindspeed Proprietary and Confidential 21050-DSH-001-F Functional Description In certain datacom applications, such as blade server to blade server connectivity, there arises the need to support twinaxial cable lengths ranging from 1m to 15m and/or PCB trace-lengths ranging from 10 in to 60 in. While an optimal IE setting may be found for a fixed connectivity configuration, if the configuration were to change it may be necessary to select new IE settings. An example of this would be changing the cable length on the port-side of the card from 1m to 15m, and/or plugging the card into a different slot in the chassis effectively changing the PCB tracelength on the host-side of the card from 10 in to 60 in. If the M21050 IE settings cannot be changed when the connectivity configuration is altered, it may be necessary to enable adaptive input equalization (AIE). AIE is enabled by setting register Ineq_ctrl_N[2] = 1b. The configurable IE has a wide dynamic range, and should be chosen over AIE whenever possible. Electrical characterization has shown that the performance or AIE is not consistent from device to device, whereas the configurable IE has shown minimal variation in performance. AIE is disabled by setting Ineq_ctrl_N[2] = 0b (default), and the optimal configurable IE setting is selected with Ineq_ctrl_N[3, 1:0]. Figure 1-2. 21050-DSH-001-F 2.5 Gbps waveform after transmission through 25m of twinaxial cable (input to M21050) Mindspeed Technologies™ Mindspeed Proprietary and Confidential 7 M21050 Data Sheet Figure 1-3. 1.1.11 2.5 Gbps waveform at M21050 output with input shown in Figure 1-2 (CDR enabled and IE at maximum setting) Output Pre-Emphasis Each of the eight output channels contains an independent output pre-emphasis circuit that can be used to select the optimal pre-emphasis level. The pre-emphasis settings have been optimized for a variety of connectivity applications such as board traces and cables. For the PCB, the settings have been specified to operate up to 40” at 3.1875 Gbps on FR4, and up to 60” on FR4 at 2.125 Gbps. Like the input equalizer settings, the output pre-emphasis has similar high performance on Nelco-13, Arlon 25, Rogers 3003, 4003C, 4340, GeTek PCB materials, and twinaxial cables. The digital pre-emphasis level is selected, for each output channel, with Preemp_ctrl_N[2:0], and the default value of 000b corresponds to pre-emphasis disabled. 8 Mindspeed Technologies™ Mindspeed Proprietary and Confidential 21050-DSH-001-F Functional Description Figure 1-4. Definition of Pre-Emphasis Levels VB VS Pre-Emphasis Level = 1.1.12 VB VS x 100 Dual 4x4 Loopback The M21050 Octal CDR is designed to operate in groups of four CDRs, for applications where four channels are used for transmit, and four channels are used for receive. Two loopbacks (A-side and B-side) are provided to loopback the two groups of four CDRs. The A-side loopback, enabled by setting Loopback [0] = 1b, connects DoutA0 to DinB0, DoutA1 to DinB1, DoutA2 to DinB2, and DoutA3 to DinB3. In addition, the A-side loopback can have the order reversed, by setting Loopback [1] = 1b, which connects DoutA0 to DinB3, DoutA1 to DinB2, DoutA2 to DinB1, and DoutA3 to DinB0. The B-side loopback, enabled by setting Loopback [2] = 1b, connects DoutB0 to DinA0, DoutB1 to DinA1, DoutB2 to DinA2, and DoutB3 to DinA3. In addition, the B-side loopback can have the order reversed, by setting Loopback [3] = 1b, which connects DoutB0 to DinA3, DoutB1 to DinA2, DoutB2 to DinA1, and DoutB3 to DinA0. The default is 0000b, which disables loopback for all eight channels. Refer to the front cover functional block diagram for an illustration of the A-side and B-side loopbacks. This feature is not available in the hardwired mode. 1.1.13 CDR Features The M21050 contains eight multi-rate CDRs, that can each operate at independent data-rates. When the CDR achieves phase lock onto the incoming data stream, the CDR removes the incoming random jitter above its loop bandwidth, as well as any deterministic jitter remaining from the two input deterministic jitter attenuators (IE & DC servo). The M21050 output data has low jitter, due to retiming with a low jitter generation CDR. The output preemphasis option allows for compensation of interconnect deterministic jitter, generated up to the next downstream device. Each CDR is capable of multi-rate operation which is achieved by a combination of built in VCO frequency dividers (VCD), Data Rate Dividers (DRD), and a wide VCO tuning range (Fmin = 2.0 GHz, Fmax = 3.2 GHz). As a result, the allowed input data range is Fmin / DRDmax to Fmax / DRDmin. Although the ranges are not continuous, the ranges are deliberately chosen to cover all typical applications. 21050-DSH-001-F Mindspeed Technologies™ Mindspeed Proprietary and Confidential 9 M21050 Data Sheet By default, the loop bandwidth is set at an approximate bandwidth of 8 MHz, with DRD = 1 and Fvco = 2.5 GHz. Within a given VCO frequency range, the bandwidth will scale proportionately. For example, if the loop bandwidth (FLBW) is 8 MHz at 2.5 GHz, then at 3.125 GHz the FLBW will be 10 MHz. When DRD is not equal to 1, the bandwidth at DRD = 1 scales by the DRD divide ratio. For example, if the FLBW is 8 MHz at Fvco = 2.5 GHz with DRD = 1, then if DRD = 2, Fvco = 1.25 GHz and the FLBW will be 4 MHz. In the hardwired mode, the FLBW will be properly set for the hardwired data-rates. In the two-wire interface mode, the default bandwidth scales automatically with the input data-rate, and the bandwidth can be tuned through the registers. The CDR needs to achieve frequency lock before it can achieve phase lock and re-time the input data. Frequency reference acquisition (FRA) requires an external frequency source to be connected to the RefClk [P/N] pins. Frequency acquisition is accomplished with two key sections. The first section is a secondary frequency lock loop (FLL) that drives the VCO towards the desired frequency. The second section is the loss-of-lock circuitry (LOLCir), that turns on or off the secondary FLL. In general, both LOL and LOA have register bits (Alarm_LOA and Alarm_LOL) which are active high, and pins (xAlarmA and xAlarmB) which are active low. The pin xAlarmA (xAlarmB) is an internal wired OR of the four LOL and four LOA alarms associated with the four CDRs in block A(B). xAlarmA and xAlarmB can be wired OR externally. In the general context, they will be referred to as LOL or LOA which is active H. Frequency acquisition takes place when the LOLCir determines an out of lock condition (LOL = H) for each CDR, when the VCO frequency exceeds a given range (window). LOLCir enables the secondary FLL to drive the VCO close to the desired frequency (typically the signal data-rate). When the VCO falls within a given frequency range where the CDR loop can acquire phase lock, LOLCir turns off the secondary FLL and sets LOL = L, allowing the CDR to achieve phase lock. During this time, LOLCir continues to monitor the frequency difference and will signal a LOL = H, to start the acquisition routine again, if the frequency falls out of range. The LOLCir range is fixed in the hardwired mode, and programmable in the two-wire interface mode. The frequency threshold (window) for LOL = H-to-L and LOL = L-to-H are different, to prevent LOL from toggling when the frequency is near one of the windows. These registers also control the frequency acquisition time. Suggested values are given in this document for general robust operation, and are used as register defaults, however, the programmability of the registers allow for optimization based on a given application (e.g. faster lock times). Each CDR contains an independent loss of activity (LOA) detector that determines if there is valid data, by looking at the transition density of the reference clock. Fixed window detectors compare the data transition density with the reference clock. If the data transition density falls outside of the window, a loss of activity condition is signaled. When LOA goes high, it also (just like LOL) forces the FLL to turn on, so that the VCO will be forced to the desired frequency range. When LOA goes low again, phase lock will occur. All of the CDRs are reset upon xRST = L, Mastreset = AAh, or upon power up. A soft reset through CDR_ctrlA_N[7] = 1b resets the individual CDR state machine, and presets the CDR to an out-of-lock condition, however, the register contents that are related to CDR setup are unchanged. It is required to force a soft reset if the data-rate is dynamically changed. The soft reset register bit needs to be cleared for proper operation. A reset during operation will cause bit errors, until the CDR achieves phase lock. By default, all of the CDRs are active and powered up for normal operation. By setting CDR_ctrlB_N[7:6] = 11b, a CDR can be bypassed and powered down, to allow for non-standard data-rates, or to save power when the CDR is not required at lower data-rates. When CDR_ctrlB_N[7:6] = 01b, the CDR is bypassed so the output data is not retimed but active (VCO locked to the input data). In the last mode with CDR_ctrlB_N[7:6] = 10b, the CDR is powered down, and all signals along the input and output paths are also powered down, to save power. In this case, the input data does not reach the output. The internal loop filter automatically scales with the VCO data rate divider selection. For operation with the VCO tuning range for a fixed DRD setting, the loop bandwidth scales proportionally for the new data-rate. The loop bandwidth can be selected with Phadj_ctrl_N[5:4], and the 400% setting with Phadj_ctrl_N[5:4] = 10b is the default. To prevent the propagation of noise in the case where there is a LOL/LOA condition, the CDR contains an autoinhibit feature, which is enabled by default. When either LOA or LOL is active, the output of the CDR is fixed at a logic high state (DoutP = H, DoutN = L). This feature can be disabled by setting CDR_ctrlA_N[3] = 0b, which allows CDR_ctrlA_N[5] to either force an inhibit (1b) or to never inhibit (0b). 10 Mindspeed Technologies™ Mindspeed Proprietary and Confidential 21050-DSH-001-F Functional Description In some optical module and back-plane applications, the optimal data sampling point is not in the middle of the data eye. By default, the CDR achieves phase lock very near the center of the eye. For optimal performance (jitter tolerance), the actual sampling point can be adjusted with Phadj_ctrl_N[3:0]. The adjustment range is from –122.5 mUI to +122.5 mUI with 17.5 mUI steps. 1.1.14 Multi-Rate CDR Data-Rate Selection For multi-rate operation, the first step is to determine the desired data-rate range. The input data range must be bracketed by DFmin = Fvco,min/DRDmax to DFmax = Fvco,max/DRDmin. DFmax/min are the maximum/minimum data input frequencies, DRDmax/min is the data rate divider setting with CDR_ctrlB_N[3:0], and Fvco,min/Fvco,max are the minimum/maximum VCO frequencies, which are 2.0 GHz and 3.2 GHz respectively. The valid data rates are shown in Table 1-8. Table 1-8. Valid Input Data Range Parameter DFmin DFmax Units Data-rate divider (DRD = 1): CDR_ctrlB_N[3:0] = 0000b 2.0 3.2 GHz Data-rate divider (DRD = 2): CDR_ctrlB_N[3:0] = 0001b 1.0 1.6 GHz It is important to note the difference between the VCO frequency (Fvco), and the data rate frequency (DF). Fvco is always between 2 GHz to 3.2 GHz, while DF is the divided down Fvco that matches the input data rate. 1.1.15 Frequency Reference Acquisition (FRA) When an external reference is applied to RefClk [P/N], the FRA mode is enabled in either the hardwired or twowire serial interface mode. Frequency acquisition is enabled by the LOLCir when LOL = H (Alarm_LOL [N] = 1b). With FRA enabled, a secondary FLL attempts to lock the VCO to a frequency derived from the external reference. When the frequency is close to the desired frequency, LOLCir sets LOL = L and disables the secondary FLL, thus, the main CDR PLL is free to phase lock to the incoming data. Although the main CDR can achieve frequency lock, the VCO frequency tuning range typically exceeds the CDR’s inherent acquisition range, which implies at a minimum, the FRA needs to get the VCO within the CDR range. The loss of lock circuitry (LOLCir) is used to determine when the secondary FLL is active. The LOLCir consists of window detectors that constantly compare a scaled VCO frequency, to a frequency related to the external reference. When LOL = H the loop is out of lock, FRA is activated until the frequency difference is within the narrow reference window (NRW). When LOL = L, FRA is not engaged until the frequency exceeds the wide reference window (WRW). If a signal is not present, the circuit will drive the VCO frequency to the NRW and turn-off. Without data present, the CDR will then drift until the frequency difference exceeds the WRW, and repeat this cycle. To prevent this, by default, FRA is activated with LOL = H, or LOA = H and FRA is not de-activated unless both LOL = L and LOA = L. 21050-DSH-001-F Mindspeed Technologies™ Mindspeed Proprietary and Confidential 11 M21050 Data Sheet Figure 1-5. Block Diagram of FRA Mode DR Din Fvco VCO Din FCLK DRD Cin CDR_ctrlB_N [3:0] Fvco,max > Fvco > Fvco,min iFV D1 CDR_ctrlC_N [7:0] RefClk FLL iFR RFD D2 Refclk_ctrl [3:1] LOL Dout Error VCD Fref CDR Dout LOLCir Error LOA Figure 1-5 shows a block diagram of the FRA mode. The secondary FLL for FRA compares a scaled version of the internal VCO frequency (iFV) with a scaled version of the input reference frequency (iFR), and iFR and iFV are limited to between 10 MHz and 25 MHz. The external reference frequency (Fref) is applied to the RefClk [P/N] terminals. This reference frequency is scaled to the iFR by the Reference Frequency Divider (RFD) [Refclk_ctrl [3:1]], which allows for the external reference to vary on the order of 10 MHz to 800 MHz. The RFD level is a globally set value that applies to all CDRs. Table 1-9 gives the divider ratio, along with the minimum and maximum Fref values. Table 1-9. Reference Clock Frequency Ranges RFD Value Minimum Fref (MHz) Maximum Fref (MHz) RFD (Refclk_ctrl [3:1] = 000b): divide by 1 10 25 RFD (Refclk_ctrl [3:1] = 001b): divide by 2 20 50 RFD (Refclk_ctrl [3:1] = 010b): divide by 4 40 100 RFD (Refclk_ctrl [3:1] = 011b): divide by 8 80 200 RFD (Refclk_ctrl [3:1] = 100b): divide by 12 120 300 RFD (Refclk_ctrl [3:1] = 101b): divide by 16 160 400 RFD (Refclk_ctrl [3:1] = 110b): divide by 32 320 800 The VCO frequency is scaled to the iFV by the VCO Comparison Divider (VCD) [CDR_ctrlC_N[7:0]]. The external reference clock frequency must be an integer multiple of the input signal data-rate. Table 1-10 provides DRD, RFD, and VCD values for common applications. DRD is the data-rate divider set with register CDR_ctrlB_N[3:0], RFD is the reference frequency divider set with register Refclk_ctrl [3:1], and VCD is the VCO comparison divider set with register CDR_ctrlC_N[7:0]. For applications not listed in Table 1-10, please contact the Mindspeed applications engineering group. 12 Mindspeed Technologies™ Mindspeed Proprietary and Confidential 21050-DSH-001-F Functional Description Table 1-10. DRD/RFD/VCD Settings for Different Data-Rates and Reference Frequencies Application DR (Mbps) Fref (MHz) DRD RFD VCD Notes 10GE - XAUI 3125 156.25 1 8 160 1 10GE-XAUI 3125 25 1 2 250 10GFC - XAUI 3187.5 159.375 1 8 160 1 InfiniBand 2500 250 1 16 160 1 InfiniBand 2500 125 1 8 160 InfiniBand 2500 62.5 1 4 160 1 STS-48 2488.32 155.52 1 8 128 1 STS-48 2488.32 19.44 1 1 128 2GFC 2125 106.25 1 8 160 2GFC 2125 25 1 2 170 GE 1250 125 2 8 160 GE 1250 25 2 2 200 FC 1062.5 106.25 2 8 160 1 1 1 NOTE: 1. Bold text denotes data-rates selectable in the hardwired control mode. The FLL drives iFV to iFR, and it is the primary function of LOLCir to determine when to turn off the FLL, so the CDR can achieve phase lock. LOLCir uses the frequency difference between iFV and iFR to switch LOL, which turns on and off the secondary FLL. The thresholds where LOL makes a transition are defined as windows, which are fixed in the hardwired mode, and programmable in the two-wire interface mode. To prevent LOL from toggling at the threshold, two windows are used for hysteresis. When LOL = L and the frequency difference exceeds the larger window (WRW), LOL L-to-H occurs to signal an out of lock case. When LOL = H (and LOA = L), the frequency difference is brought within the narrow (NRW) window, after which LOL makes a H-to-L transition signaling in-lock. If LOA = H when LOL = H, the FLL remains on to keep the VCO locked to the reference, until a signal is present. Nacq is defined with LOL_ctrl_N[7:5], Nnarrow is defined with LOL_ctrl_N[4:1], and Nwide is defined with LOL_ctrl_N[0]. The LOLCir averages a large number of transitions before making an LOL decision. This averaging time is referred to as the LOL decision time or DTLOL. Table 1-11 shows various window sizes for different applications, including the default value in both the hardwired and serial interface modes. 21050-DSH-001-F Mindspeed Technologies™ Mindspeed Proprietary and Confidential 13 M21050 Data Sheet Table 1-11. LOL Window Size and Decision Time Examples Condition Nacq Nnarrow Nwide Narrow Window (ppm) Wide Window (ppm) Decision Time (µs) Hardwired mode 101b 0011b 0b ±1465 ±1955 420 Two-wire serial interface mode 101b 0011b 0b ±1465 ±1955 420 iFV = iFR 111b 0010b 1b ±245 ±975 1685 Fast lock 010b 0001b 0b ±5860 ±7800 56 Notes: 1. Decision time is calculated with iFR = 19.44 MHz; will scale proportionally with iFR range from 10 to 25 MHz. 2. Above are examples showing ability to tailor windows for data-rates, reference frequencies, and acquisition times. 1.1.16 Loss of Activity By default, the LOA detector is enabled and can be disabled by setting CDR_ctrlA_N[1] = 0b, where N is mapped to the CDR (number). Loss of activity measures the transition density of data to determine if the data is valid. During small time intervals, variations are due to data content, packet headers, stress patterns, etc., which is taken into account by averaging over a larger time period. In some applications, when data is not present, noise produces railto-rail transitions that cause problems with level based detectors. These applications include cascaded CDRs, high-gain crosspoints, as well as modules with optical amplifiers. As a result, the transition density LOA can separate data from random noise, determine false lock at the wrong integer and non-integer data-rate, signal stuck high/ low conditions, and determine false lock to re-timed noise. Unlike level based detectors, it cannot determine false lock onto low amplitude data, which is a condition that does not typically occur with backplane applications, and can be handled by the limiting amplifier or pre-amplifier in modules. The LOA window is fixed at 25% to 100%. 1.1.17 Built-in Self Test (BIST) Overview The M21050 contains a single BIST test pattern generator as well as a test pattern receiver. Both the BIST transmitter (BIST Tx), and BIST receiver (BIST Rx) are designed to operate with fixed patterns. PRBS 27-1, 215-1, 2231, and 231-1 test patterns are provided. For 8b/10b testing, the fibre channel CRPAT and CJTPAT standard patterns are supported. In addition, an 8b/10b countdown pattern is also provided; this is the 8b/10b representation of a binary count from 255 to 0, while maintaining 8b/10b running disparity requirements. User programmable 16 bit and 20 bit patterns are also provided; they are typically used to generate short patterns for debug, such as 1100b, as well as 8b/10b idle or control characters. The BIST is designed to reduce system development time, as well as product test costs, and can be used by both the equipment provider as well as the equipment end user. When enabled, the BIST Rx allows one input from the CDR to enter the BIST receiver. The desired channel to monitor is selected through a control register. The BIST Rx uses the recovered clock and data from the selected CDR to drive the pattern checker. Every time a bit error is received, the error register is incremented. The maximum number of errors is FFh, and all subsequent errors will not be counted. At any time, the error register can be cleared. By keeping track of the time between clear and read, a rough BER number can be obtained. When enabled, the BIST Tx can broadcast the output test pattern to any of the CDR outputs (the BIST Tx and Rx can be used at the same time). The BIST Tx contains an internal clock multiplier (PLL), that can take its input from either the external reference frequency, or from the same CDR that is driving the BIST Rx (only in full rate mode, DRD = 1). 14 Mindspeed Technologies™ Mindspeed Proprietary and Confidential 21050-DSH-001-F Functional Description 1.1.18 BIST Test Patterns The test pattern is selected with BISTtx_ctrl [5:2] for the transmitter, and BISTrx_ctrl [5:2] for the receiver. The PRBS patterns generated by the unit are ITU-T 0.151 compliant, and summarized in Table 1-12. Table 1-12. BIST PRBS Patterns BISTtx_ctrl [5:2] / BISTrx_ctrl [5:2] Pattern Polynomial 0000b PRBS 27-1 27+26+1 0001b PRBS 215-1 215+214+1 0010b PRBS 223-1 223+218+1 0011b PRBS 231-1 231+228+1 For 8b/10b based applications, three patterns are available. The CJTPAT and CRPAT comply with the Fibre Channel T11.2/Project 1230/Rev10 specifications. Table 1-13. BIST 8b/10b Patterns BISTtx_ctrl [5:2] / BISTrx_ctrl [5:2] Pattern 0100b CJTPAT 0101b CRPAT 0110b Countdown Two user programmable patterns that are 16 bits long (BISTtx_ctrl [5:2] = BISTrx_ctrl [5:2] = 0111b) and 20 bits long (BISTtx_ctrl [5:2] = BISTrx_ctrl [5:2] = 1000b) are determined with BIST_pattern0...BIST_pattern2. Note that the contents of these registers are used by both the BIST Tx and the BIST Rx, if they are setup in this mode. 1.1.19 BIST Receiver (BIST Rx) Operation The BIST Rx is powered up and enabled by setting BISTrx_ctrl [1] = 1b (off by default), resetting the BIST Rx block with BISTrx_ctrl [0] = 1b (default), and selecting a pattern with BISTrx_ctrl [5:2]. The signal to the BIST Rx is routed from the output of the CDR, and the BIST Rx can only check one channel at a time. The desired channel to monitor is selected with BISTrx_chsel [2:0]. The BIST Rx uses the recovered clock from the CDR to drive the BIST statemachine, thus the CDR must be enabled and locked to data for proper operation. When the data is valid, BISTrx_ctrl [6] = 1b is used to clear the error register, and all subsequent errors can be read back through BISTrx_error. The BIST Rx automatically synchronizes the input data with the pattern. 1.1.20 BIST Transmitter (BIST Tx) Operation The BIST Tx is powered up and enabled by setting BISTtx_ctrl [1] = 1b (off by default), resetting the BIST Tx block with BISTtx_ctrl [0] = 1b (default), and selecting a pattern with BISTtx_ctrl [5:2]. The BIST Tx can multicast the test pattern to any channels selected with BISTtx_chsel [7:0]. The high-speed clock of the BIST Tx is generated from its own frequency multiplier PLL, that uses a selectable frequency reference determined by BISTtx_ctrl [6]. With BISTtx_ctrl [6] = 0b (default), the external reference clock is used and typically gives the lowest jitter output, however, it is not typically synchronized with the data rate. With BISTtx_ctrl [6] = 1b, the reference clock is derived from the same CDR used to drive the BIST Rx, which gives an output synchronized with the data rate (this feature only works with DRD = 1 for that CDR), however, it contains the low-frequency jitter from the input data. In this mode, the BIST Tx output is synchronous with the CDR used in the BIST Rx. In either case, the BIST Tx PLL needs to be 21050-DSH-001-F Mindspeed Technologies™ Mindspeed Proprietary and Confidential 15 M21050 Data Sheet configured for the proper data-rate. When the PLL is properly configured and locked to the reference, the LOL flag should be low (BISTtx_alarm [7]). A bit error can be intentionally inserted into the BIST Tx output, by providing a 0b, 1b, 0b sequence to BISTtx_ctrl [7]. The BIST Tx PLL setup is similar to the CDR, thus, the description of similar registers for the CDR also applies and will not be repeated here. The desired output data rate is set with the DRD register (BISTtx_PLL_ctrlB [3:0]) and with the VCD register (BISTtx_PLL_ctrlC [7:0]). The input reference frequency iFR is the same as for the main CDRs, since the same external reference and reference dividers are used. In the internal CDR case, iFR is Fvco,rxcdr/128, where Fvco,rxcdr is the VCO frequency of the CDR selected by BISTrx_chsel [2:0]. Like the CDRs, if the output data-rate of the Tx needs to be changed, the Tx requires a soft reset. 16 Mindspeed Technologies™ Mindspeed Proprietary and Confidential 21050-DSH-001-F Functional Description 1.1.21 Junction Temperature Monitor An internal junction temperature monitor with a range of –40°C to 130°C is integrated into the M21050. On the low end, the temperature monitor (Tmon) is set to measure –40°C to 10°C in six 10°C steps, and on the high end, 80°C to 130°C in six 10°C steps. The typical temperature resolution is 3°C. The temperature monitor is enabled with Temp_mon [1] = 1b. When enabled, the temperature measurement cycle is achieved by providing a rising edge for Temp_mon [0]. Afterwards, the correct temperature can be read from Temp_value [3:0]. Table 1-14 shows the mapping of the temperature to Temp_value [3:0]. Enabling and strobing the temperature in the same write cycle will not yield reliable results. Table 1-14. Junction Temperature Monitor Junction Temperature Temp_value [3:0] Condition Tc ≥ 130°C 1100b High-alarm 130°C > Tc ≥ 120°C 1011b High-alarm 120°C > Tc ≥ 110°C 1010b High-warning 110°C > Tc ≥ 100°C 1001b Normal 100°C > Tc ≥ 90°C 1000b Normal 90°C > Tc ≥ 80°C 0111b Normal 80°C > Tc ≥ 10°C 0110b Normal 10°C > Tc ≥ 0°C 0101b Low-warning Tc ≥ -10°C 0100b Low-alarm -10°C > Tc ≥ -20°C 0011b Low-alarm -20°C > Tc ≥ -30°C 0010b Low-alarm -30°C > Tc ≥ -40°C 0001b Low-alarm -40°C > Tc 0000b Low-alarm 0°C > 1.1.22 IC Identification / Revision Code The IC identification can be read back from Chipcode, and the revision of the device can be read back from Revcode. The assigned IC identification for the M21050 is 19h and the revision code is 20h. 21050-DSH-001-F Mindspeed Technologies™ Mindspeed Proprietary and Confidential 17 M21050 Data Sheet 1.2 Pin Definitions Table 1-15. Power Pins Pin Name Function Vss Type Device ground Power AVdd_I/O Analog I/O positive supply Power AVdd_Core Analog core positive supply Power DVdd_I/O Digital I/O positive supply Power DVdd_Core Digital core positive supply Power Notes: 1. If internal regulator is enabled, connect all of the AVdd_Core and/or DVdd_Core pins together to a common floating plane and bypass to Vss. 2. If internal regulator is NOT enabled, it is recommended that all AVdd_Core pins be tied to a plane at 1.2V, that is bypassed to ground. DVdd_Core can be tied to this plane or separately decoupled. 3. Device ground (Vss) is established by contact with exposed pad on underside of package; there are no Vss pins. Table 1-16. 18 High-Speed Signal Pins (1 of 2) Pin Name Function Termination Type DinA0P Serial positive data input for channel 0 50Ω pull up to VddTA0/1 Input DinA0N Serial negative data input for channel 0 50Ω pull up to VddTA0/1 Input DinA1P Serial positive data input for channel 1 50Ω pull up to VddTA0/1 Input DinA1N Serial negative data input for channel 1 50Ω pull up to VddTA0/1 Input DinA2P Serial positive data input for channel 2 50Ω pull up to VddTA2/3 Input DinA2N Serial negative data input for channel 2 50Ω pull up to VddTA2/3 Input DinA3P Serial positive data input for channel 3 50Ω pull up to VddTA2/3 Input DinA3N Serial negative data input for channel 3 50Ω pull up to VddTA2/3 Input VddTA0/1 Termination Pin for DinA [1:0] Terminate to AVdd_Core Input Termination VddTA2/3 Termination Pin for DinA [3:2] Terminate to AVdd_Core Input Termination DoutA0P Serial positive data output for channel 0 50Ω pull up AVdd_I/O Output DoutA0N Serial negative data output for channel 0 50Ω pull up AVdd_I/O Output DoutA1P Serial positive data output for channel 1 50Ω pull up AVdd_I/O Output DoutA1N Serial negative data output for channel 1 50Ω pull up AVdd_I/O Output DoutA2P Serial positive data output for channel 2 50Ω pull up AVdd_I/O Output DoutA2N Serial negative data output for channel 2 50Ω pull up AVdd_I/O Output DoutA3P Serial positive data output for channel 3 50Ω pull up AVdd_I/O Output DoutA3N Serial negative data output for channel 3 50Ω pull up AVdd_I/O Output DinB0P Serial positive data input for channel 0 50Ω pull up to VddTB0/1 Input DinB0N Serial negative data input for channel 0 50Ω pull up to VddTB0/1 Input DinB1P Serial positive data input for channel 1 50Ω pull up to VddTB0/1 Input DinB1N Serial negative data input for channel 1 50Ω pull up to VddTB0/1 Input Mindspeed Technologies™ Mindspeed Proprietary and Confidential 21050-DSH-001-F Functional Description Table 1-16. High-Speed Signal Pins (2 of 2) Pin Name Function Termination Type DinB2P Serial positive data input for channel 2 50Ω pull up to VddTB2/3 Input DinB2N Serial negative data input for channel 2 50Ω pull up to VddTB2/3 Input DinB3P Serial positive data input for channel 3 50Ω pull up to VddTB2/3 Input DinB3N Serial negative data input for channel 3 50Ω pull up to VddTB2/3 Input VddTB0/1 Termination pin for DinB [1:0] Terminate to AVdd_Core Input Termination VddTB2/3 Termination pin for DinB [3:2] Terminate to AVdd_Core Input Termination DoutB0P Serial positive data output for channel 0 50Ω pull up AVdd_I/O Output DoutB0N Serial negative data output for channel 0 50Ω pull up AVdd_I/O Output DoutB1P Serial positive data output for channel 1 50Ω pull up AVdd_I/O Output DoutB1N Serial negative data output for channel 1 50Ω pull up AVdd_I/O Output DoutB2P Serial positive data output for channel 2 50Ω pull up AVdd_I/O Output DoutB2N Serial negative data output for channel 2 50Ω pull up AVdd_I/O Output DoutB3P Serial positive data output for channel 3 50Ω pull up AVdd_I/O Output DoutB3N Serial negative data output for channel 3 50Ω pull up AVdd_I/O Output Table 1-17. Control, Interface, and Alarm Pins Pin Name Function Default Type MF0 Multifunction pin for hardwired mode, and two-wire interface Internal pull up CMOS MF1 Multifunction pin for hardwired mode, and two-wire interface Internal pull up CMOS MF2 Multifunction pin for hardwired mode, and two-wire interface Internal pull up CMOS MF3 Multifunction pin for hardwired mode, and two-wire interface Internal pull up CMOS MF4 Multifunction pin for hardwired mode, two-wire interface, and JTAG Internal pull up CMOS MF5 Multifunction pin for hardwired mode, two-wire interface, and JTAG Internal pull up CMOS MF6 Multifunction pin for hardwired mode, and JTAG Internal pull up CMOS MF7 Multifunction pin for hardwired mode, and JTAG Internal pull up CMOS Enable hardwired mode or two-wire interface (1b = hardwired) Internal pull up CMOS Internal pull down CMOS Internal pull up CMOS Internal pull down CMOS Internal pull up CMOS CTRL_Mode Out_Mode xRST Selects output data format (0b = PCML) Reset pin (L = reset) xJTAG_En JTAG testing control pin (L = enable) xRegu_En Internal voltage regulator control pin (L = enable) RefClkP Reference clock positive input Internal pull down I - AC coupled RefClkN Reference clock negative input Internal pull down I - AC coupled xAlarmA A-side loss of activity/lock alarm No internal pull up/down O - open drain xAlarmB B-side loss of activity/lock alarm No internal pull up/down O - open drain 21050-DSH-001-F Mindspeed Technologies™ Mindspeed Proprietary and Confidential 19 M21050 Data Sheet VddTB0/1 DinB2N DinB2P DVdd_Core VddTB2/3 DinB3N DinB3P AVdd_Core AVdd_I/O MF7 DoutA3N DoutA3P AVdd_I/O DoutA2N DoutA2P AVdd_Core AVdd_I/O 1 72 71 70 69 68 67 66 65 64 63 62 61 60 59 58 57 56 55 54 DinB1P AVdd_Core 2 53 DinB1N DoutA0N 3 52 AVdd_Core DoutA0P 4 51 DinB0P MF0 5 50 DinB0N MF1 6 49 N/C MF2 7 48 Out_Mode MF3 8 47 xAlarmB CTRL_Mode 9 46 xAlarmA DVdd_I/O 10 45 RefClkP DVdd_Core 11 44 RefClkN MF4 12 43 MF6 MF5 13 42 xJTAG_En DinA0P 14 41 xRST DinA0N 15 40 DoutB0N AVdd_Core 16 39 DoutB0P DinA1P 17 38 AVdd_Core DinA1N 18 37 AVdd_I/O Mindspeed Technologies™ Mindspeed Proprietary and Confidential DoutB1N DoutB1P AVdd_Core DoutB2N DoutB2P AVdd_I/O DoutB3N DoutB3P xRegu_En AVdd_I/O AVdd_Core DinA3N DinA3P VddTA2/3 DVdd_Core DinA2N DinA2P 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 VddTA0/1 20 DoutA1N M21050 Pinout Diagram (Top View) DoutA1P Figure 1-6. 21050-DSH-001-F 2.0 Registers Table 2-1. Addr Register Table Summary Register Name d7: MSB d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 d0: LSB Common Registers 00h Globctrl powerup MSPD int MSPD int MSPD int MSPD int MSPD int reserved clear_alm 03h Loopback reserved reserved reserved reserved loopback[3] loopback[2] loopback[1] loopback[0] 04h Refclk_ctrl reserved reserved reserved reserved ref_divr[2] ref_divr[1] ref_divr[0] MSPD int 05h Mastreset rst rst rst rst rst rst rst rst 06h Chipcode chipcode[7] chipcode[6] chipcode[5] chipcode[4] chipcode[3] chipcode[2] chipcode[1] chipcode[0] 07h Revcode revcode[7] revcode[6] revcode[5] revcode[4] revcode[3] revcode[2] revcode[1] revcode[0] 08h Input_hys reserved reserved en_hys reserved reserved reserved reserved reserved 10h BISTrx_chsel reserved chan[2] chan[1] chan[0] rx_rst 11h BISTrx_ctrl MSPD int rx_ctrclr rx_patt[3] rx_patt[2] rx_patt[1] rx_patt[0] en_rx 12h BISTrx_error err[7] err[6] err[5] err[4] err[3] err[2] err[1] err[0] 14h BISTtx_chsel tx_chan_7 tx_chan_6 tx_chan_5 tx_chan_4 tx_chan_3 tx_chan_2 tx_chan_1 tx_chan_0 15h BISTtx_ctrl err_insert rx2txclk tx_patt[3] tx_patt[2] tx_patt[1] tx_patt[0] en_tx tx_rst 17h BISTtx_LOLctrl tacq_LOL[2] tacq_LOL[1] tacq_LOL[0] narwin_LOL[3] narwin_LOL[2] narwin_LOL[1] narwin_LOL[0] widwin_LOL[0] 18h BISTtx_PLL_ctrlA softreset MSPD int reserved MSPD int reserved MSPD int reserved MSPD int 19h BISTtx_PLL_ctrlB PLLmode[1] PLLmode[0] MSPD int MSPD int data_rate[3] data_rate[2] data_rate[1] data_rate[0] 1Ah BISTtx_PLL_ctrlC VCO_divr[7] VCO_divr[6] VCO_divr[5] VCO_divr[4] VCO_divr[3] VCO_divr[2] VCO_divr[1] VCO_divr[0] 1Bh BIST_pattern0 pattern[19] pattern[18] pattern[17] pattern[16] 1Ch BIST_pattern1 pattern[15] pattern[14] pattern[13] pattern[12] pattern[11] pattern[10] pattern[9] pattern[8] 1Dh BIST_pattern2 pattern[7] pattern[6] pattern[5] pattern[4] pattern[3] pattern[2] pattern[1] pattern[0] 1Fh BISTtx_alarm tx_LOL reserved reserved MSPD int MSPD int MSPD int MSPD int MSPD int 20h Temp_mon reserved reserved en_temp_mon strobe_temp 21h Temp_value temp[3] temp[2] temp[1] temp[0] 30h Alarm_LOL LOL_7 LOL_6 LOL_5 LOL_4 LOL_3 LOL_2 LOL_1 LOL_0 31h Alarm_LOA LOA_7 LOA_6 LOA_5 LOA_4 LOA_3 LOA_2 LOA_1 LOA_0 M0h CDR_ctrlA_N softreset MSPD int MSPD int LOA_en MSPD int M1h CDR_ctrlB_N CDRmode[1] CDRmode[0] MSPD int reserved data_rate[3] data_rate[2] data_rate[1] data_rate[0] M2h CDR_ctrlC_N VCO_divr[7] VCO_divr[6] VCO_divr[5] VCO_divr[4] VCO_divr[3] VCO_divr[2] VCO_divr[1] VCO_divr[0] Per channel registers (N = channel/CDR#, M = N+4) inh_force MSPD int autoinh_en M3h Out_ctrl_N outlvl[1] outlvl[0] reserved reserved data_pol_flip dataout_en MSPD int MSPD int M4h Preemp_ctrl_N reserved MSPD int MSPD int MSPD int MSPD int preemph[2] preemph[1] preemph[0] M5h Ineq_ctrl_N reserved MSPD int MSPD int en_DCservo in_eq[2] en_ad_eq in_eq[1] in_eq[0] M6h Phadj_ctrl_N i_trim[1] i_trim[0] r_sel[1] r_sel[0] phase_adj[3] phase_adj[2] phase_adj[1] phase_adj[0] M9h LOL_ctrl_N tacq_LOL[2] tacq_LOL[1] tacq_LOL[0] narwin_LOL[3] narwin_LOL[2] narwin_LOL[1] narwin_LOL[0] widwin_LOL[0] MAh Jitter_reduc_N MSPD int MSPD int lowjitter MSPD int MSPD int MSPD int MSPD int MSPD int Notes: 1. N = 0 for channel/CDR A0, N = 1 for channel/CDR A1,..., N = 7 for channel/CDR B3. 2. M = 4h for channel/CDR A0, M = 5h for channel/CDR A1,..., M = Bh for channel/CDR B3. For example channel/CDR A0 starts at address 40h, channel/CDR A1 at 50h, channel/ CDR A2 at 60h, channel/CDR A3 at 70h, channel/CDR B0 at 80h, channel/CDR B1 at 90h, channel/CDR B2 at A0h, channel/CDR B3 at B0h. 21050-DSH-001-F Mindspeed Technologies™ Mindspeed Proprietary and Confidential 21 M21050 Data Sheet 2.1 Global Control Registers 2.1.1 Global Control Registers Nomenclature 1. 2. 3. 4. Reserved bits: bits that exist and reserved for future use by Mindspeed. Bits not defined and not reserved do not exist. Do not write to reserved or undefined bits – operation not guaranteed. MSPD internal: defines an internal function. Must always write the default value to MSPD internal bits. When in doubt, read back default value after reset. 2.1.2 Global Control Table 2-2. Global Control (Globctrl: Address 00h) Bits Type Default 7 R/W 1b 6:2 R/W 00000b 1 R/W 0 R/W 2.1.3 Label Description powerup Powers up the IC by enabling the current references 1b: Power up the IC (device powerup) 0b: Power down the IC MSPD internal N/A 0b Reserved N/A 0b clear_alm Clears the Alarm_LOA, Alarm_LOL alarm registers (write only) 1b: Clear alarms 0b: Normal operation - latch alarm bits Note: Upon writing a 1b to this bit, it clears the registers, and user needs to write a 0b to enable the normal state. Loopback Control Table 2-3. Loopback Control (Loopback: Address 03h) 22 Bits Type Default Label Description 7:4 R/W 0000b Reserved N/A 3:0 R/W 0000b loopback A-side and B-side loopback configuration 1b: Enable loopback 0b: Disable loopback [3]: B-side loopback with order reversed [2]: B-side loopback [1]: A-side loopback with order reversed [0]: A-side loopback Note: No more than 1 of these 4 bits should be set to 1b at any time. Mindspeed Technologies™ Mindspeed Proprietary and Confidential 21050-DSH-001-F Registers 2.1.4 External Reference Frequency Divider Control (RFD) Table 2-4. External Reference Frequency Divider Control (RFD) (Refclk_ctrl: Address 04h) Bits Type Default 7:4 R/W 0000b Reserved N/A 3:1 R/W 000b ref_divr Sets the divider ratio to scale down RefClk to the internal rate for FRA/ LOA 000b: RFD = 1 001b: RFD = 2 010b: RFD = 4 011b: RFD = 8 100b: RFD = 12 101b: RFD = 16 110b: RFD = 32 0 R/W 0b MSPD internal N/A 2.1.5 Label Description Master Chip Reset Table 2-5. Master Chip Reset (Mastreset: Address 05h) Bits Type Default 7:0 R/W 00000000b 2.1.6 Label rst Description Same feature as hardware xRST. Resets the entire IC AAh: Reset upon write to this register with AAh 00h: Normal operation Note: All other values are ignored. IC Electronic Identification Table 2-6. IC Electronic ID (Chipcode: Address 06h) Bits Type Default 7:0 R 19h 2.1.7 Label chipcode Description This register contains the chipcode of this IC. IC Revision Code Table 2-7. IC Revision Code (Revcode: Address 07h) Bits Type Default 7:0 R 20h 21050-DSH-001-F Label revcode Description This register contains the revision of the IC. Mindspeed Technologies™ Mindspeed Proprietary and Confidential 23 M21050 Data Sheet 2.1.8 Input Hysteresis Table 2-8. Input Hysteresis (Input_hys: Address 08h) Bits Type Default 7:6 R/W 00b Reserved N/A 5 R/W 0b en_hys When enabled, 25 mV of hysteresis will be applied to all inputs. Useful in preventing noise from toggling inputs during quiescent periods of input patterns, such as seen in the InfiniBand polling pattern. 0b: Disable input hysteresis 1b: Enable input hysteresis 4:0 R/W 00000b Reserved N/A 2.1.9 Label Description Built In Self-Test (BIST) Receiver Channel Select Table 2-9. Receiver Channel Select (BISTrx_chsel: Address 10h) 24 Bits Type Default 3 R/W 0b 2:0 R/W 000b Label Description Reserved N/A chan Selects which CDR to route into the BIST receiver (active when BISTrx_ctrl [1]=1) 000b: Output A0 to BIST 001b: Output A1 to BIST 010b: Output A2 to BIST 011b: Output A3 to BIST 100b: Output B0 to BIST 101b: Output B1 to BIST 110b: Output B2 to BIST 111b: Output B3 to BIST Mindspeed Technologies™ Mindspeed Proprietary and Confidential 21050-DSH-001-F Registers 2.1.10 Built In Self-Test (BIST) Receiver Main Control Register Table 2-10. Built In Self-Test (BIST) Receiver Main Control Register (BISTrx_ctrl: Address 11h) Bits Type Default 7 R/W 0b MSPD internal N/A 6 R/W 0b rx_ctrclr Clear the BIST Rx error count register, BISTrx_error (active when BISTrx_ctrl [1] = 1) 0b: Normal operation 1b: Clear register 5:2 R/W 0000b rx_patt Selects the BIST Rx test pattern (active when BISTrx_ctrl [1] = 1) 0000b: PRBS 27-1 0001b: PRBS 215-1 0010b: PRBS 223-1 0011b: PRBS 231-1 0100b: Fibre channel CJTPAT 0101b: Fibre channel CRPAT 0110b: 8b/10b countdown pattern 0111b: 16 bit user programmable pattern 1000b: 20 bit user programmable pattern 1 R/W 0b en_rx Powers up the BIST Rx 0b: Power down 1b: Power up and enable 0 R/W 1b rx_rst Resets the BIST Rx (recommended after powerup/enable, active when BISTrx_ctrl [1] = 1) 0b: Normal BIST Rx operation 1b: Reset of BIST Rx 2.1.11 Label Description Built In Self-Test (BIST) Receiver Bit Error Counter Table 2-11. Built In Self-Test (BIST) Receiver Bit Error Counter (BISTrx_error: Address 12h) Bits Type Default 7:0 R/W 00000000b 21050-DSH-001-F Label err Description Bit error count (active when BISTrx_ctrl [1] = 1). This register is set to 00h upon reset, and is incremented for every bit error the BIST Rx receives, up to FFh. At FFh, the register will stay at this level until cleared. Mindspeed Technologies™ Mindspeed Proprietary and Confidential 25 M21050 Data Sheet 2.1.12 Built In Self-Test (BIST) Transmitter Channel Select Table 2-12. Built In Self-Test (BIST) Transmitter Channel Select (BISTtx_chsel: Address 14h) 26 Bits Type Default 7:0 R/W 00000000b Label tx_chan Description Selects which output channel the BIST Tx outputs the test pattern on (active when BISTtx_ctrl [1] = 1) Bit map: 1b = BIST Tx on, 0b = BIST Tx off [7]: Output to CDR B3 [6]: Output to CDR B2 [5]: Output to CDR B1 [4]: Output to CDR B0 [3]: Output to CDR A3 [2]: Output to CDR A2 [1]: Output to CDR A1 [0]: Output to CDR A0 Note: Registers are set up to allow for multicasting BIST Tx output. Mindspeed Technologies™ Mindspeed Proprietary and Confidential 21050-DSH-001-F Registers 2.1.13 Built In Self-Test (BIST) Transmitter Main Control Register Table 2-13. Built In Self-Test (BIST) Transmitter Main Control Register (BISTtx_ctrl: Address 15h) Bits Type Default 7 R/W 0b err_insert Inserts a single bit error into the PRBS Tx 1b: Insert error 0b: Normal operation Note: Setting the register high allows one error to be inserted into the data stream. To insert another error, the user needs to clear, then set this register bit. 6 R/W 0b rx2txclk Selects the source of the clock for the BIST Tx PLL (active when BISTtx_ctrl [1] = 1) 0b: External reference frequency 1b: Recovered clock from BIST Rx Note: For the recovered clock option, the BIST Rx must be enabled with BISTrx_ctrl [1] = 1, and use the recovered clock from the same CDR selected by BIST Rx. This option only works for the full-rate case (DRD = 1). 5:2 R/W 0000b tx_patt Selects the BIST Tx test pattern (active when BISTtx_ctrl [1] = 1) 0000b: PRBS 27-1 0001b: PRBS 215-1 0010b: PRBS 223-1 0011b: PRBS 231-1 0100b: Fibre channel CJTPAT 0101b: Fibre channel CRPAT 0110b: 8b/10b countdown pattern 0111b: 16 bit user programmable pattern 1000b: 20 bit user programmable pattern 1 R/W 0b en_tx Powers up the BIST Tx and PLL 0b: Power down 1b: Power up and enable 0 R/W 1b tx_rst Resets the BIST Tx (recommended after powerup/enable; active when BISTtx_ctrl [1] = 1) 0b: Normal BIST Tx operation 1b: Reset of BIST Tx 2.1.14 Label Description Built In Self-Test (BIST) Transmitter PLL Loss of Lock Register Table 2-14. Built In Self-Test (BIST) Transmitter PLL Loss of Lock Register (BISTtx_LOLctrl Address 17h) Bits Type Default 7:5 R/W 101b Label tacq_LOL Description Sets the value for the LOL reference window Code 000b 001b 010b 011b 100b 101b 110b 111b 21050-DSH-001-F Mindspeed Technologies™ Mindspeed Proprietary and Confidential Value 128 256 512 1024 2048 4096 8192 16384 27 M21050 Data Sheet Table 2-14. Built In Self-Test (BIST) Transmitter PLL Loss of Lock Register (BISTtx_LOLctrl Address 17h) Bits Type Default 4:1 R/W 0011b Label narwin_LOL Description Sets the narrow LOL window for the LOL = H to LOL = L transition (transition to in lock threshold) Code 0000b 0001b 0010b 0011b 0100b 0101b 0110b 0111b 1000b 1001b 1010b 1011b 1100b 1101b 1110b 1111b 0 R/W 0b widwin_LOL Sets the wide LOL window for the LOL = L to LOL = H transition (transition to out of lock threshold) Narrow Code 0000b 0001b 0010b 0011b 0100b 0101b 0110b 0111b 1000b 1001b 1010b 1011b 1100b 1101b 1110b 1111b 28 Value 2 3 4 6 8 12 16 24 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 32 Mindspeed Technologies™ Mindspeed Proprietary and Confidential Wide Code 0b 3 4 6 8 12 16 24 32 12 12 12 16 16 16 16 32 Wide Code 1b 8 12 16 24 32 32 32 32 32 32 32 32 32 32 32 32 21050-DSH-001-F Registers 2.1.15 Built In Self-Test (BIST) Transmitter PLL Control Register A Table 2-15. Built In Self-Test (BIST) Transmitter PLL Control Register A (BISTtx_PLL_ctrlA: Address 18h) Bits Type Default 7 R/W 0b softreset Resets the BIST transmitter PLL (assuming BISTtx_ctrl [1] = 1b) 0b: Normal operation 1b: Reset PLL only 6 R/W 0b MSPD internal N/A 5 R/W 0b Reserved N/A 4 R/W 0b MSPD internal N/A 3 R/W 0b Reserved N/A 2 R/W 1b MSPD internal N/A 1 R/W 0b Reserved N/A 0 R/W 1b MSPD internal N/A 2.1.16 Label Description Built In Self-Test (BIST) Transmitter PLL Control Register B Table 2-16. Built In Self-Test (BIST) Transmitter PLL Control Register B (BISTtx_PLL_ctrlB: Address 19h) Bits Type Default 7:6 R/W 11b PLLmode Determines state of the PLL. Must be enabled in addition to the BIST Tx (BISTtx_ctrl [1] = 1b) 00b: Channel active, PLL powered up 11b: Channel active, PLL powered down 5:4 R/W 01b MSPD internal N/A 3:0 R/W 0000b data_rate Data-rate divider (DRD): this divides down the VCO frequency to the desired data-rate 0000b: DRD = 1 0001b: DRD = 2 Note: Please consult Fvco,max and Fvco,min to determine the frequency range of each DRD ratio. 2.1.17 Label Description Built In Self-Test (BIST) Transmitter PLL Control Register C Table 2-17. Built In Self-Test (BIST) Transmitter PLL Control Register C (BISTtx_PLL_ctrlC: Address 1Ah) Bits Type Default 7:0 R/W 10000000b 21050-DSH-001-F Label VCO_divr Description VCO comparison divider (VCD): this divider divides down the VCO to compare it with the divided down reference frequency. Binary value reflects the divider ratio 01h: Minimum value (VCD = 1) . . . FFh: Maximum value (VCO = 255) Mindspeed Technologies™ Mindspeed Proprietary and Confidential 29 M21050 Data Sheet 2.1.18 Built In Self-Test (BIST) Transmitter 20 bit User Programmable Pattern Table 2-18. Built In Self-Test (BIST) Transmitter 20 bit User Programmable Pattern (BIST_pattern0: Address 1Bh) Bits Type Default 3:0 R/W 1100b 2.1.19 Label pattern Description Sets the 20 bit user programmable pattern used in the BIST [3] MSB : Pattern bit#19 [2] : Pattern bit#18 [1] : Pattern bit#17 [0] LSB : Pattern bit#16 Built In Self-Test (BIST) Transmitter 16/20-bit User Programmable Pattern Table 2-19. Built In Self-Test (BIST) Transmitter 16/20 bit User Programmable Pattern (BIST_pattern1: Address 1Ch) Bits Type Default 7:0 R/W 11001100b 2.1.20 Label pattern Description Sets the 16/20 bit user programmable pattern used in the BIST [7] MSB : Pattern bit#15 [6] : Pattern bit#14 [5] : Pattern bit#13 [4] : Pattern bit#12 [3] : Pattern bit#11 [2] : Pattern bit#10 [1] : Pattern bit#9 [0] LSB : Pattern bit#8 Built In Self-Test (BIST) Transmitter 16/20-bit User Programmable Pattern Table 2-20. Built In Self-Test (BIST) Transmitter 16/20 bit User Programmable Pattern (BIST_pattern2: Address 1Dh) 30 Bits Type Default 7:0 R/W 11001100b Label pattern Description Sets the 16/20 bit user programmable pattern used in the BIST [7] MSB : Pattern bit#7 [6] : Pattern bit#6 [5] : Pattern bit#5 [4] : Pattern bit#4 [3] : Pattern bit#3 [2] : Pattern bit#2 [1] : Pattern bit#1 [0] LSB : Pattern bit#0 Mindspeed Technologies™ Mindspeed Proprietary and Confidential 21050-DSH-001-F Registers 2.1.21 Built In Self-Test (BIST) Transmitter Alarm Table 2-21. Built In Self-Test (BIST) Transmitter Alarm (BISTtx_alarm: Address 1Fh) Bits Type Default 7 R 0b tx_LOL Loss of lock for the BIST Tx PLL (active when BISTtx_ctrl [1] = 1) 0b: Normal operation 1b: Loss of lock 6:5 R/W 00b Reserved N/A 4:0 R/W 00000b MSPD internal N/A 2.1.22 Label Description Internal Junction Temperature Monitor Table 2-22. Internal Junction Temperature Monitor (Temp_mon: Address 20h) Bits Type Default 3:2 R/W 00b Reserved N/A 1 R/W 0b en_temp_mon Power up and enable the temperature monitor 1b: Power up and enable temperature monitor 0b: Disable temperature monitor 0 R/W 0b strobe_temp Strobes ADC for temperature measurement 1b: Read temperature 0b: Ok to read temperature Note: To strobe ADC, a rising edge should be provided by writing 1b, then writing 0b to return to default state. 2.1.23 Label Description Internal Junction Temperature Value Table 2-23. Internal Junction Temperature Value (Temp_value: Address 21h) Bits Type Default 3:0 R N/A Label temp Description A read of these bits returns the temperature from the last write cycle (to strobe_temp) Junction Temperature Tc ≥ 130°C 130°C > Tc ≥ 120°C 120°C > Tc ≥ 110°C 110°C > Tc ≥ 100°C 100°C > Tc ≥ 90°C 90°C > Tc ≥ 80°C 80°C > Tc ≥ 10°C 10°C > Tc ≥ 0°C > Tc ≥ -10°C 0°C -10°C > Tc ≥ -20°C -20°C > Tc ≥ -30°C -30°C > Tc ≥ -40°C -40°C > Tc 21050-DSH-001-F Mindspeed Technologies™ Mindspeed Proprietary and Confidential temp 1100b 1011b 1010b 1001b 1000b 0111b 0110b 0101b 0100b 0011b 0010b 0001b 0000b Condition High-alarm High-alarm High-warning Normal Normal Normal Normal Low-warning Low-alarm Low-alarm Low-alarm Low-alarm Low-alarm 31 M21050 Data Sheet 2.1.24 CDR Loss of Lock Register Alarm Status Table 2-24. CDR Loss of Lock Register Alarm Status (Alarm_LOL: Address 30h) Bits Type Default 7:0 R N/A 2.1.25 Label LOL Description Latched loss of lock alarm status 1b = loss of CDR lock, 0b = normal operation [7]: CDR B3 [6]: CDR B2 [5]: CDR B1 [4]: CDR B0 [3]: CDR A3 [2]: CDR A2 [1]: CDR A1 [0]: CDR A0 Note: After a clear (Globctrl [0] = 1), this register is cleared and will latch any new alarms that make a L to H transition, and set any preexisting alarm conditions to H. Loss of Activity Register Alarm Status Table 2-25. Loss of Activity Register Alarm Status (Alarm_LOA: Address 31h) 32 Bits Type Default 7:0 R N/A Label LOA Description Latched loss of activity alarm status 1b = loss of input signal, 0b = normal operation [7]: CDR B3 [6]: CDR B2 [5]: CDR B1 [4]: CDR B0 [3]: CDR A3 [2]: CDR A2 [1]: CDR A1 [0]: CDR A0 Note: After a clear (Globctrl [0] = 1), this register is cleared and will latch any new alarms that make a L to H transition, and set any preexisting alarm conditions to H. Mindspeed Technologies™ Mindspeed Proprietary and Confidential 21050-DSH-001-F Registers 2.2 Individual Channel/CDR Control Multiple Instance Nomenclature 1. N = 0 for channel/CDR A0, N = 1 for channel/CDR A1,..., N = 7 for channel/CDR B3. 2. M = 4h for channel/CDR A0, M = 5h for channel/CDR A1,..., M = Bh for channel/CDR B3. For example channel/ CDR A0 starts at address 40h, channel/CDR A1 at 50h, channel/CDR A2 at 60h, channel/CDR A3 at 70h, channel/CDR B0 at 80h, channel/CDR B1 at 90h, channel/CDR B2 at A0h, channel/CDR B3 at B0h. 2.2.1 CDR N Control Register A Table 2-26. CDR N Control Register A (CDR_ctrlA_N: Address M0h) Bits Type Default 7 R/W 0b softreset Resets individual CDR N (setup registers remain unchanged; need to softreset after rate change) 0b: Normal operation 1b: Reset single CDR only 6 R/W 0b MSPD internal N/A 5 R/W 0b inh_force Manual control of the output inhibit if CDR_ctrlA_N[3] = 0 0b: Normal operation 1b: Forced inhibit 4 R/W 0b MSPD internal N/A 3 R/W 1b autoinh_en Auto inhibit of the output (DoutP = H, DoutN = L) if CDR N has a LOL or LOA condition 0b: Auto inhibit disabled, CDR_ctrlA_N[5] determines inhibit force state 1b: Auto inhibit enabled 2 R/W 1b MSPD internal N/A 1 R/W 1b LOA_en Enables the transition density based loss of activity detector for output N 0b: Disable and power down LOA circuit 1b: Enable LOA circuit 0 R/W 1b MSPD internal N/A 21050-DSH-001-F Label Description Mindspeed Technologies™ Mindspeed Proprietary and Confidential 33 M21050 Data Sheet 2.2.2 CDR N Control Register B Table 2-27. CDR N Control Register B (CDR_ctrlB_N: Address M1h) Bits Type Default 7:6 R/W 00b 5 R/W 0b MSPD internal N/A 4 R/W 0b Reserved N/A 3:0 R/W 0000b data_rate Data-rate divider (DRD): this divides down the VCO frequency to the desired data-rate to match input data-rate 0000b: DRD = 1 0001b: DRD = 2 Note: Please consult Fvco,max and Fvco,min to determine frequency range of each DRD ratio. 2.2.3 Label CDRmode Description Determines state of the PLL 00b: CDR powered up and active 01b: CDR powered up and bypassed 10b: CDR powered down (no signal through) 11b: CDR powered down and bypassed CDR N Control Register C Table 2-28. CDR N Control Register C (CDR_ctrlC_N: Address M2h) 34 Bits Type Default 7:0 R/W 10000000b Label VCO_divr Description VCO comparison divider (VCD): this divides down the VCO, to compare it with the scaled reference clock, for use in the FRA/LOA mode. Binary value reflects the divider ratio 1h: Minimum value (VCD= 1) . . . FFh: Maximum value (VCD = 255) Mindspeed Technologies™ Mindspeed Proprietary and Confidential 21050-DSH-001-F Registers 2.2.4 Output Buffer Control for CDR N Table 2-29. Output Buffer Control for CDR N (Out_ctrl_N: Address M3h) Bits Type Default 7:6 R/W 10b outlvl Determines the output swing of a data buffer for CDR N In PCML mode: 00b: Power down 01b: 600 mV 10b: 1000 mV 11b: 1300 mV For InfiniBand, the output swing is increased to: 00b: Power down 01b: 1000 mV 10b: 1300 mV 11b: 1600 mV 5:4 R/W 00b Reserved N/A 3 R/W 0b data_pol_flip Flips the polarity of the output data 0b: Normal 1b: Polarity flip 2 R/W 1b dataout_en Enables the data output driver N 1b: Data output enabled to level specified in Out_ctrl_N[7:6] 0b: Data output disabled and powered down 1:0 R/W 00b MSPD internal N/A 2.2.5 Label Description Output Buffer Pre-Emphasis Control for Output N Table 2-30. Output Buffer Pre-Emphasis Control for Output N (Preemp_ctrl_N: Address M4h) Bits Type Default 7 R/W 0b 6:3 R/W 2:0 R/W 21050-DSH-001-F Label Description Reserved Default = 0b 1000b MSPD internal N/A 000b preemph Selects the digital pre-emphasis level 111b: 200% 110b: 150% 101b: 100% 100b: 75% 011b: 50% 010b: 37.5% 001b: 25% 000b: Pre-emphasis off Mindspeed Technologies™ Mindspeed Proprietary and Confidential 35 M21050 Data Sheet 2.2.6 Input Equalization Control for Output N Table 2-31. Input Equalization Control for Output N (Ineq_ctrl_N: Address M5h) 36 Bits Type Default Label Description 7 R/W 0b Reserved N/A 6:5 R/W 00b MSPD internal N/A 4 R/W 1b en_DCservo Enables DC servo in the input channel to remove offset based deterministic jitter 0b: DC servo Dj attenuator off 1b: DC servo Dj attenuator on 3, 1:0 R/W 000b in_eq Selects the input equalization level 111b: Maximum input equalization level . . . 100b: Nominal input equalization level . . . 001b: Minimum input equalization level 000b: Input equalization disabled Note: The 100b setting is optimized for PCB trace lengths between 10 46 inches, although other settings may be optimal for some applications. Bit 2 must be set to zero. 2 R/W 0b en_ad_eq This bit is used to select adaptive input equalization (AIE) over configurable input equalization (IE). When AIE is selected, bits [3, 1:0] have no effect. 0b: Disable AIE 1b: Enable AIE Note: Whenever possible, configurable IE should be selected over AIE since configurable IE performance is more consistent across devices. Mindspeed Technologies™ Mindspeed Proprietary and Confidential 21050-DSH-001-F Registers 2.2.7 CDR N Loop Bandwidth and Data Sampling Point Adjust Table 2-32. CDR N Loop Bandwidth and Data Sampling Point Adjust (Phadj_ctrl_N: Address M6h) Bits Type Default 7:6 R/W 10b i_trim Adjusts the charge-pump current; the loop bandwidth (FLBW) scales proportionally 00b: 0.65x nominal value 01b: 0.8x nominal value 10b: Nominal 11b: 1.15x nominal value 5:4 R/W 10b r_sel Adjusts the resistor of the CDR loop filter; the loop bandwidth (FLBW) scales proportionally 00b: 0.72x nominal value 01b: Nominal 10b: 2.6x nominal value 3:0 R/W 0000b phase_adj Adjusts the static phase offset (sampling point) of the data 1111b: -122.5 mUI 1110b: -105 mUI 1101b: -87.5 mUI 1100b: -70 mUI 1011b: -52.5 mUI 1010b: -35.0 mUI 1001b: -17.5 mUI 1000b: 0 mUI 0000b: 0 mUI 0001b: 17.5 mUI 0010b: 35.0 mUI 0011b: 52.5 mUI 0100b: 70.0 mUI 0101b: 87.5 mUI 0110b: 105 mUI 0111b: 122.5 mUI 2.2.8 Label Description CDR N FRA LOL Window Control Table 2-33. CDR N FRA LOL Window Control (LOL_ctrl_N: Address M9h) Bits Type Default 7:5 R/W 101b Label tacq_LOL Description Sets the value for the LOL reference window Code 000b 001b 010b 011b 100b 101b 110b 111b 21050-DSH-001-F Mindspeed Technologies™ Mindspeed Proprietary and Confidential Value 128 256 512 1024 2048 4096 8192 16384 37 M21050 Data Sheet Table 2-33. CDR N FRA LOL Window Control (LOL_ctrl_N: Address M9h) Bits Type Default 4:1 R/W 0011b Label narwin_LOL Description Sets the narrow LOL window for the LOL = H to LOL = L transition (transition to in lock threshold) Code 0000b 0001b 0010b 0011b 0100b 0101b 0110b 0111b 1000b 1001b 1010b 1011b 1100b 1101b 1110b 1111b 0 R/W 0b widwin_LOL Sets the wide LOL window for the LOL = L to LOL = H transition (transition to out of lock threshold) Narrow Code 0000b 0001b 0010b 0011b 0100b 0101b 0110b 0111b 1000b 1001b 1010b 1011b 1100b 1101b 1110b 1111b 38 Value 2 3 4 6 8 12 16 24 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 32 Mindspeed Technologies™ Mindspeed Proprietary and Confidential Wide Code 0b 3 4 6 8 12 16 24 32 12 12 12 16 16 16 16 32 Wide Code 1b 8 12 16 24 32 32 32 32 32 32 32 32 32 32 32 32 21050-DSH-001-F Registers 2.2.9 Jitter Reduction Control Table 2-34. Jitter Reduction Control (Jitter_reduc_N: Address MAh) Bits Type Default 7:6 R/W 01b MSPD internal N/A 5 R/W 0b lowjitter When data-rate is in the range (2.45 Gbps - 2.55 Gbps)/DRD, setting this bit to 1b will reduce output jitter (DRD is data-rate divider). 1b: Reduce output jitter 0b: Normal operation Note: This bit should be set to 1b for InfiniBand, SONET STS-N, PCI Express, and Gigabit Ethernet applications. 4:0 R/W N/A MSPD internal Any value may be written to this register with no effect on performance. 21050-DSH-001-F Label Description Mindspeed Technologies™ Mindspeed Proprietary and Confidential 39 M21050 Data Sheet 40 Mindspeed Technologies™ Mindspeed Proprietary and Confidential 21050-DSH-001-F 3.0 Product Specifications 3.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings These are the absolute maximum ratings at or beyond which the device can be expected to fail or be damaged. Reliable operation at these extremes for any length of time is not implied. Table 3-1. Symbol Absolute Maximum Ratings Parameter Notes Minimum Typical Maximum Units DVdd_I/O Digital I/O power 0 1.8/2.5/3.3 3.6 V AVdd_I/O Analog I/O power 0 1.8/2.5 2.7 V AVdd_Core Analog core power 1 0 1.2 1.5 V DVdd_Core Digital core power 1 0 1.2 1.5 V — +150 °C Tst Storage temperature –65 ESD Human body model (low-speed) 2000 — V ESD Human body model (high-speed) 2000 — V ESD Charged device model 500 — V Notes: 1. Apply voltage to core pins if internal regulator is disabled. If enabled, pins should be floating with by-pass to Vss. 21050-DSH-001-F Mindspeed Technologies™ Mindspeed Proprietary and Confidential 41 M21050 Data Sheet 3.2 Recommended Operating Conditions Table 3-2. Symbol Recommended Operating Conditions Parameter Notes Minimum Typical Maximum Units DVdd_I/O Digital I/O power 2 — 1.8/2.5/3.3 — V AVdd_I/O Analog I/O power 2 — 1.8/2.5 — V AVdd_Core Analog core power 1, 2 — 1.2 — V DVdd_Core Digital core power 1, 2 — 1.2 — V Ta Ambient temperature — - 40 — 85 °C θja Junction to ambient thermal resistance 3 — 24 — °C/W Notes: 1. AVdd_Core or DVdd_Core provided from external source (internal regulator disabled xRegu_En = H). 2. Typical value +/- 5% is acceptable. 3. With forced convection of 1 m/s and 2.5 m/s, θja is decreased to 18 °C/W and 16 °C/W respectively. 42 Mindspeed Technologies™ Mindspeed Proprietary and Confidential 21050-DSH-001-F Product Specifications 3.3 Power Dissipation Table 3-3. Symbol DC Power Specifications Notes Minimum Typical Maximum Units Case 1: current consumption for output swing = 600 mV CML, internal regulator = on 1, 2 — 640 800 mA Pdiss Power dissipation at 1.8V — — 1.2 1.5 W Pdiss Power dissipation at 2.5V — — 1.6 2.1 W Case 2: current consumption for output swing = 1000 mV CML, internal regulator = on 1, 2 — 700 870 mA Pdiss Power dissipation at 1.8V — — 1.3 1.7 W Pdiss Power dissipation at 2.5V — — 1.8 2.3 W Case 3: output swing = 600 mV CML, internal regulator = off 1 Core current consumption — — 510 610 mA Idd_io Input/Output buffers current consumption — 100 120 mA Pdiss Power dissipation at 1.2V core, 1.8V I/O — — 800 990 mW Pdiss Power dissipation at 1.2V core, 2.5V I/O — — 910 1100 mW Case 4: current consumption for output swing = 1600 mV InfiniBand, internal regulator = on 1, 2 — 770 950 mA Pdiss Power dissipation at 1.8V — — 1.4 1.8 W Pdiss Power dissipation at 2.5V — — 1.9 2.5 W Case 5: output swing = 1600 mV InfiniBand, internal regulator = off 1, 2 Core current consumption — — 530 620 mA Idd_io Input/Output buffers current consumption — 210 270 mA Pdiss Power dissipation at 1.2V core, 1.8V I/O — — 1.0 1.3 W Pdiss Power dissipation at 1.2V core, 2.5V I/O — — 1.2 1.5 W Idd Idd Idd_core Idd Idd_core Parameter Notes: 1. Specified at recommended operating conditions – see Table 3-2. 2. Thermal design such as thermal pad vias on PCB must be considered. 21050-DSH-001-F Mindspeed Technologies™ Mindspeed Proprietary and Confidential 43 M21050 Data Sheet 3.4 Table 3-4. Input/Output Specifications Two-Wire Serial Interface CMOS I/O Electrical Specifications Symbol Parameter Notes Minimum Typical Maximum Units VOH Output logic high IOH = –3 mA 1, 2 0.8 x DVdd_I/O DVdd_I/O — V VOL Output logic low IOL = 24 mA 1, 2 — 0.0 0.2 x DVdd_I/O V IOL Output current (logic low) 1 0 — 10 mA IOH Output current (logic high) 1 10 — — mA VIH Input logic high 1 0.75 x DVdd_I/O — 3.6 V VIL Input logic low 1 0 — 0.25 x DVdd_I/O V IIH Input current (logic high) 1 –100 — 100 µA IIL Input current (logic low) 1 –100 — 100 µA tr Output rise time (20-80%) 1 — — 250 ns tf Output fall time (20-80%) 1 — — 250 ns 1, 3 — — 10 pF C2wire Input capacitance of MF4 & MF5 in two-wire interface Notes: 1. Specified at recommended operating conditions – see Table 3-2. 2. DVdd_I/O can be chosen independently from AVdd_I/O. 3. Two-wire serial output mode can drive 500 pF. Table 3-5. Symbol High-Speed Input Electrical Specifications Parameter Notes Minimum Typical Maximum Units 1, 3 1 — 3.2 Gbps DRIN Input signal data-rate VID Input differential voltage (P-P) 1, 3, 4 125 — 2000 mV VICM Input common-mode voltage 1 800 — AVdd_Core mV RIN Input termination to VddT 1, 6 45 50 65 Ω S11 Input return loss (40 MHz to 2.5 GHz) 1 — –15.0 — dB S11 Input return loss (2.5 GHz to 5 GHz) 1 — –5.0 — dB — Maximum DC input current 1, 5 — — 25 mA Notes: 1. Specified at recommended operation conditions – see Table 3-2. 2. Designed for seamless interface to PCML. 3. Example 1200 mVpp differential = 600 mVpp for each single-ended terminal. 4. Minimum input level defined as error free operation at 10-12 BER. 5. Computed as the current through 50 ohms from the voltage difference between the input voltage common mode to VddT. 6. See Figure 3-1 for input termination circuit. 44 Mindspeed Technologies™ Mindspeed Proprietary and Confidential 21050-DSH-001-F Product Specifications Figure 3-1. High-Speed Data Input Internal Circuitry Vdd_Core R >> 50Ω R >> 50Ω DinP 50Ω Data Input Buffer VddT 50Ω DinN 21050-DSH-001-F Mindspeed Technologies™ Mindspeed Proprietary and Confidential 45 M21050 Data Sheet Table 3-6. Symbol PCML (Positive Current Mode Logic) Output Electrical Specifications Parameter Notes Minimum Typical Maximum Units DROUT Output signal data-rates 1 1 — 3.2 Gbps tr/tf Rise/Fall time (20-80%) for all levels 1 — 100 130 ps VOH Low Swing: output logic high (single-ended) 1 AVdd_I/O – 65 — AVdd_I/O mV VOL Low Swing: output logic low (single-ended) 1 AVdd_I/O – 370 — AVdd_I/O – 240 mV VOD Low Swing: differential swing 1, 2 400 500 650 mV VOH Medium Swing: output logic high (single-ended) 1 AVdd_I/O – 85 — AVdd_I/O mV VOL Medium Swing: output logic low (single-ended) 1 AVdd_I/O – 600 — AVdd_I/O – 400 mV VOD Medium Swing: differential swing 1, 2 700 850 1100 mV VOH High Swing: output logic high (single-ended) 1 AVdd_I/O – 100 — AVdd_I/O mV VOL High Swing: output logic low (single-ended) 1 AVdd_I/O – 770 — AVdd_I/O – 500 mV VOD High Swing: differential swing 1, 2 1000 1100 1200 mV VOH InfiniBand Swing: output logic high (single-ended) 1 AVdd_I/O – 120 — AVdd_I/O mV VOL InfiniBand Swing: output logic low (single-ended) 1 AVdd_I/O – 1000 — AVdd_I/O – 600 mV VOD InfiniBand Swing: differential swing 1, 2 1050 1500 1900 mV ROUT Output termination to AVdd_I/O 1 45 50 65 Ω S22 Output return loss (40 MHz to 2.5 GHz) 1 — –15.0 — dB S22 Output return loss (2.5 GHz to 5 GHz) 1 — –5.0 — dB Notes: 1. Specified at recommended operating conditions – see Table 3-2. 2. Example 1200 mV P-P differential = 600 mV P-P for each single-ended terminal. 3. All output swings defined with pre-emphasis off. Table 3-7. Input Equalization Performance Specifications Symbol Parameter Notes Minimum Typical Maximum Units 1 1 — 3.2 Gbps DRIN Input signal data-rates — Maximum error-free distance at 3.1875 Gbps 1, 2, 3, 5 — — 60 in — Maximum error-free distance at 2.125 Gbps 1, 2, 3, 5 — — 72 in Notes: 1. Specified at recommended operating conditions – see Table 3-2. 2. Performance measured on standard FR4 backplane such as standards provided by TYCO for 10GE XAUI. 3. Measured with PCML driver WITHOUT output pre-emphasis at a minimum launch voltage of 1 Vpp output swing at beginning of line. 4. Combined input equalization + output pre-emphasis performance will be better than individual performance, but less than the sum of the two lengths. 5. Default setting optimized for driving 10 - 46 in of PCB trace length. Equalizer can be configured for longer reach using two-wire interface. 6. For applications where input equalization setting cannot be dynamically re-configured, adaptive input equalization may be enabled. See Section 1.1.10 for additional details. 46 Mindspeed Technologies™ Mindspeed Proprietary and Confidential 21050-DSH-001-F Product Specifications Table 3-8. Output Pre-Emphasis Performance Specifications Symbol Parameter Notes Minimum Typical Maximum Units 1 1 — 3.2 Gbps DROUT Output signal data-rates — Maximum error-free distance at 3.1875 Gbps 1, 2 — — 40 in — Maximum error-free distance at 2.125 Gbps 1, 2 — — 60 in Notes: 1. Specified at recommended operating conditions – see Table 3-2. 2. Performance measured on standard FR4 backplane such as standards provided by TYCO for 10GE XAUI. 3. Measured with PCML receiver without input equalization, using PCML output driver at 1300 mVpp output swing at beginning of line. 4. Combined input equalization + output pre-emphasis performance will be better than individual performance, but less than the sum of the two lengths. Table 3-9. Reference Clock Input Symbol Parameter Notes Minimum Typical Maximum Units Fref Input frequency (Refclk_ctrl [3:1] = 000b) 1 10 19.44 25 MHz Fref Input frequency (Refclk_ctrl [3:1] = 001b) 1 20 38.88 50 MHz Fref Input frequency (Refclk_ctrl [3:1] = 010b) 1 40 62.5 100 MHz Fref Input frequency (Refclk_ctrl [3:1] = 011b) 1 80 125 200 MHz Fref Input frequency (Refclk_ctrl [3:1] = 100b) 1 120 250 300 MHz Fref Input frequency (Refclk_ctrl [3:1] = 101b) 1 160 311.04 400 MHz Fref Input frequency (Refclk_ctrl [3:1] = 110b) 1 320 622.08 800 MHz VID Input differential voltage (P-P) 1, 2, 3 100 — 1600 mV VICM Input common-mode voltage 1, 3 250 — AVdd_I/O mV — Input duty cycle 1 40 50 60 % — Frequency stability 1 — — 100 ppm RIN Differential termination 1, 3 — 100 — Ω — Internal pull-down to Vss 1 — 100 — kΩ — Maximum DC input current 1 — — 15 mA Notes: 1. Specified at recommended operation conditions – see Table 3-2. 2. Example 1200 mVpp differential = 600 mVpp for each single-ended terminal. 3. Input can accept a CMOS single-ended clock on differential P terminal when differential N terminal is decoupled to ground with a large enough capacitor. CMOS input will then see an effective 100Ω load. 4. See Figure 3-2 for input termination circuit. 21050-DSH-001-F Mindspeed Technologies™ Mindspeed Proprietary and Confidential 47 M21050 Data Sheet Figure 3-2. Reference Clock Input Internal Circuitry Vdd_Core 150 KΩ 150 KΩ 0.5 pF RefClkP 100 KΩ 100Ω Vss Clock Input Buffer 0.5 pF RefClkN 100 KΩ Vss 48 Mindspeed Technologies™ Mindspeed Proprietary and Confidential 21050-DSH-001-F Product Specifications 3.5 CDR Performance Specifications Table 3-10. CDR High-Speed Performance Symbol Parameter Notes Minimum Typical Maximum Units DRIN Input signal data rate (NRZ data) divider ratio = 1 1 2 — 3.2 Gbps DRIN Input signal data rate (NRZ data) divider ratio = 2 1 1 — 1.6 Gbps JTOL Jitter tolerance (Figure 3-3) 1, 2 — 0.625 — UI Rj Output data random jitter (pp) 1, 7 — — 100 mUI Dj Output data deterministic jitter (pp) 1, 7 — — 150 mUI Tj Output data total jitter (pp) 1, 7 — — 250 mUI Jpp Output data broadband jitter (pp) 1, 8, 10 — 135 230 mUI Jrms Output data broadband jitter (rms) 1, 8, 10 — 22 40 mUI DDC Output data duty cycle 1 45 50 55 % TLAT Latency from input to output 1, 10 — 615 800 ps CHSK Channel to channel output data skew (utilizing CDR) 1 — 20 65 ps Tinit Initialization time 1, 3, 6 2 — ms TFRA Frequency acquisition time 1, 4 0.4 — ms TPLL Phase lock time with 100 ppm delta F 1, 5 100 ns TPLL Phase lock time with 0 ppm delta F 1, 5 50 ns Notes: 1. Specified at recommended operating conditions – see Table 3-2. 2. Jitter tolerance specified with input equalization and output pre-emphasis disabled, utilizing PRBS 223-1. 3. Time after power up, reset, or data-rate change. 4. Time from application of valid data to lock within +/-20% of lock phase. 5. Defined as when phase settles to within 20% of lock phase. 6. After reset (master or soft), initialization takes place, then frequency acquisition. 7. Rj, Dj, Tj represent jitter measured to BER of 10-12 per T11.2 FC-PI-2 specifications. 8. Broadband jitter defined as jitter measured on sampling oscilloscope without the use of filters. 9. Maximum value specified incorporates asynchronous aggressors. 10. When the CDR is enabled, the latency is the number shown plus 1.5 times the period of the clock. For example, when operating the CDR at 2.5 Gbps, the typical latency is 615 ps + 600 ps = 1.215 ns. When the CDR is bypassed, the latency through the M21050 is the number listed. 21050-DSH-001-F Mindspeed Technologies™ Mindspeed Proprietary and Confidential 49 M21050 Data Sheet Figure 3-3. Jitter Tolerance Specification Mask Input Jitter Amplitude (UIpp) 15 Slope = -20 dB/decade 1.5 Mindspeed Specification JTOL GR-253 SONET specification 0.15 10 / N Table 3-11. Symbol 6K / N 100K / N Jitter Frequency (Hz) 600 / N 214K / N 1M / N CDR Alarm Performance Parameter Notes Minimum Typical Maximum Units DTLOA xLOA decision time 1, 3 — 26 — µs TDlow xLOA assertion transition density threshold (xLOA = H to L) 1, 3 0 — 25 % TDhigh xLOA de-assertion transition density threshold (xLOA = L to H) 1, 3 25 — 100 % DTLOL xLOL decision time (measurement time) 1, 2 10 420 3275 µs WRW xLOL assertion frequency threshold (xLOL = H to L) 1, 2 ±185 ±1950 ±250000 ppm NRW xLOL de-assertion frequency threshold (xLOL = L to H) 1, 2 ±120 ±1450 ±250000 ppm Notes: 1. Specified at recommended operating conditions – see Table 3-2. 2. Actual time is set with LOL window. Typical is the default value. Minimum and maximum indicate dynamic range. 3. Fixed values. 50 Mindspeed Technologies™ Mindspeed Proprietary and Confidential 21050-DSH-001-F Product Specifications 3.6 Package Drawings and Surface Mount Assembly Details The M21050 is assembled in 72-pin 10 mm x 10 mm MicroLeadFrame (MLF) packages. This is a plastic encapsulated package with a copper leadframe. The MLF is a leadless package with lands on the bottom surface of the package. The exposed die paddle serves as the IC ground (Vss), and the primary means of thermal dissipation. This die paddle should be soldered to the PCB. A cross-section of the MLF package can be found in Figure 3-4. Figure 3-4. Cross-Section of MLF Package Mold Compound Ag Plating Die Solder Plating Gold Wire Cu Leadframe 21050-DSH-001-F Down Bond Exposed Die Paddle Ground Bond Die Attach Material Mindspeed Technologies™ Mindspeed Proprietary and Confidential 51 M21050 Data Sheet Figure 3-5 shows the package outline drawing for the 68-pin 10 mm x 10 mm MLF package (Note: See Figure 3-6 for dimensions of 72pin package). Figure 3-5. 68-Pin Package Drawing 10 2X 0.10 A C A 0.08 C D A A1 D/2 A2 D1 A3 D1/2 2X N 0.10 2 3 E/2 E1/2 E E1 C B 1 5 6 0.80 DIA. 0.10 C B 2X 0 B 0.10 C TOP VIEW A C 2X SEATING PLANE SIDE VIEW 4 b 4X P CL 0.10 C A B M SEE DETAIL "A" FOR PIN #1 ID AND TIE BAR MARK OPTION D2 D2/2 PIN1 ID 0.20 R. e N 4X P TERMINAL TIP 1 0.45 2 FOR ODD TERMINAL/SIDE 3 C C CL E2 (Ne-1)Xe REF. e E2/2 TERMINAL TIP FOR EVEN TERMINAL/SIDE 0.25 MIN. L e 0.25 MIN (Nd-1)Xe REF. SEATING PLANE 52 BOTTOM VIEW Mindspeed Technologies™ Mindspeed Proprietary and Confidential 4 b A1 11 SECTION "C-C" SCALE: NONE 21050-DSH-001-F Product Specifications The relevant dimensions for the 72-pin version of the package can be found in Figure 3-6. Figure 3-6. 72-Pin Package Dimensions STANDARD DETAIL "A" - PIN #1 ID AND TIE BAR MARK OPTION S Y M B O L e N Nd Ne L b Q D2 E2 PITCH VARIATION D N O MIN. 0.30 0.18 0.00 MAX. NOM. 0.50 BSC 72 18 18 0.40 0.23 0.20 T E 3 3 3 0.50 0.30 0.45 MIN EXPOSED PAD VARIATIONS NOTES: C 5.85 COMMON DIMENSIONS MIN. NOM. A A1 A2 A3 0.00 - 0.85 0.01 0.65 0.20 REF. N O MAX. 0.90 0.05 0.70 T E 11 10.00 BSC 9.75 BSC 10.00 BSC 9.75 BSC D D1 E E1 0 P R 4 12 SEE EXPOSED PAD VARIATION:C SEE EXPOSED PAD VARIATION:C SYMBOLS S Y M B O L 0.24 0.13 0.42 0.17 D2 NOM MAX MIN E2 NOM MAX 6.00 6.15 5.85 6.00 6.15 12˚ 0.60 0.23 12 NOTE 1. DIE THICKNESS ALLOWABLE IS 0.305mm MAXIMUM(.012 INCHES MAXIMUM) 2. DIMENSIONING & TOLERANCES CONFORM TO ASME Y14.5M. - 1994. 3. N IS THE NUMBER OF TERMINALS. Nd IS THE NUMBER OF TERMINALS IN X-DIRECTION & Ne IS THE NUMBER OF TERMINALS IN Y-DIRECTION. 4. DIMENSION b APPLIES TO PLATED TERMINAL AND IS MEASURED BETWEEN 0.20 AND 0.25mm FROM TERMINAL TIP. 5. THE PIN #1 IDENTIFIER MUST BE EXISTED ON THE TOP SURFACE OF THE PACKAGE BY USING INDENTATION MARK OR OTHER FEATURE OF PACKAGE BODY. 6. EXACT SHAPE AND SIZE OF THIS FEATURE IS OPTIONAL. 7. ALL DIMENSIONS ARE IN MILLIMETERS. 8. THE SHAPE SHOWN ON FOUR CORNERS ARE NOT ACTUAL I/O. 9. PACKAGE WARPAGE MAX 0.08mm. 10. APPLIED FOR EXPOSED PAD AND TERMINALS. EXCLUDE EMBEDDING PART OF EXPOSED PAD FROM MEASURING. 21050-DSH-001-F 11. APPLIED ONLY FOR TERMINALS. 12. Q AND R APPLIES ONLY FOR STRAGHT TIEBAR SHAPES. Mindspeed Technologies™ Mindspeed Proprietary and Confidential 53 M21050 Data Sheet The M21050 evaluation module (EVM) uses the PCB footprint shown in Figure 3-7. Figure 3-7. PCB Footprint for 72-Pin 10 mm MLF Package Note: Pads placed on a .374 mils square (9.5 mm). Add as many vias to ground in .290 square pad as possible. Add .025 round clearances on soldermask in an even pattern to help solder ground pad. 54 Mindspeed Technologies™ Mindspeed Proprietary and Confidential 21050-DSH-001-F Product Specifications The pad length dimensions should account for component tolerances, PCB tolerances, and placement tolerances. At a minimum, the pad should extend at least 0.1 mm on the outside and 0.05 mm on the inside, as shown in Figure 3-8. Figure 3-8. PCB Pad Extensions .05mm PCB Pad .1 mm To efficiently dissipate heat from the M21050, a thermal pad with thermal vias should be used on the PCB. An example of a thermal pad with a 4x4 via array is shown in Figure 3-9. The thermal vias provide a heat conduction path to inner and/or bottom layers of the PCB. The larger the via array, the lower the thermal resistance (θja). It is recommended to use thermal vias with 1.0 to 1.2 mm pitch with 0.3 to 0.33 mm via diameter. Figure 3-9. Recommended Via Array for Thermal Pad For further details please refer to the relevant application note from package vendor Amkor. Much of the material in this section has been adopted from the Amkor SMT application note. 21050-DSH-001-F Mindspeed Technologies™ Mindspeed Proprietary and Confidential 55 M21050 Data Sheet 3.7 PCB High-Speed Design and Layout Guidelines A single power plane for the AVdd_IO and AVdd_Core power supplies with bulk capacitors (typically 10 µF) distributed throughout the board will mitigate most power-rail related voltage transients. A bulk capacitor should also be placed where the power enters the board. It is recommended that decoupling capacitors only be routed directly to the power pin if they can be placed within 1/8 of an inch of the pin. Decoupling capacitors should be dispersed around the outside of the device on the top side and underneath the device on the bottom side of the board. It is recommended that 0.1 µF and 0.01 µF decoupling capacitors be used. All three values are not required on each pin, but values should be dispersed uniformly to filter different frequencies of noise. A continuous ground plane is the best way to minimize ground impedance. Return currents and power supply transients produce most ground noise during switching. Reducing ground plane impedance minimizes this effect. There is a high frequency decoupling effect from the capacitive effect of power/ground planes and this can be used to help minimize the amount of high frequency decoupling capacitors. High-speed PCML signals should be routed with 50Ω equal length traces for P and N signals within each differential pair. To route signals differentially, the signal pair (positive and negative) should have 50Ω impedance and surrounded by solid power/ground planes (buried stripline) or be coupled to a power/ground plane (microstrip). Buried strip line is recommended for internal layers while microstrip line is used for signals routed on surface layers. There should be no discontinuity in the planes during the path of the signal traces. Impedance discontinuities occur when a signal passes through vias and travels between layers. It is recommended to minimize the number of vias and layers that the transmit/receive signals travel through in the design. The system PCB layout should be designed so that high-speed signals pass through a minimal number of vias and remain on a single internal high-speed routing layer. When vias need to be used, the via design should match the transmission line impedance by observing the following: • Avoid through-hole vias; they cause stubs by extending the full cross-section of the PCB despite the fact that the layer change requires only a small length via (as in the case of adjacent layers). Use short blind vias. • Avoid layer changes in general as the characteristic impedance of the transmission line changes as a result. In general, some rules of thumb for PCB design at high data-rates are: • PCB trace width for high-speed signals should closely match the SMT component width, so as to prevent stub effects from a sudden change in stripline width. A gradual increase in trace width is recommended as it meets the SMT pad. • The PCB ground/power planes should be removed under the I/O components so as to reduce parasitic capacitance. • High-speed traces should avoid sharp changes in direction. Using large radii will minimize impedance changes. Avoid bending traces by more than 45 degrees; otherwise, provide a circular bend so as to prevent the trace width from widening at the bend. • Avoid trace stubs by minimizing components (resistors, capacitors) on the board. For instance, a termination resistor at the input of a receiver will inflict a stub effect at high frequency. Termination resistors integrated on device will eliminate the stub. Components designed to DC couple to one another avoid the need for coupling capacitors and the inherent stubs created from these. For high-speed differential signals, the trace lengths of each side of the differential pair should be matched to each other as much as possible. The skew between the P and N signals in a differential pair should be tightly controlled in order for the differential receiver to detect a valid data transition. When matching trace lengths within a differential pair, care should be taken to avoid introducing large impedance discontinuities. The figures below show two methods of matching the trace lengths for a differential pair. 56 Mindspeed Technologies™ Mindspeed Proprietary and Confidential 21050-DSH-001-F Product Specifications Typically, the preferred solution for trace length matching in differential pairs is to use a serpentine pattern for the shorter signal as shown in Figure 3-10. Using a serpentine pattern for length matching will minimize the differential impedance discontinuity while making both trace lengths equal. Figure 3-10. Trace Length Matching Using Serpentine Pattern The loop length matching method shown in Figure 3-11 will match the trace lengths of a differential pair, but will create a large impedance discontinuity in the transmission line, which could result in higher jitter on the signal and/ or a greater sensitivity to noise for the differential pair. Figure 3-11. Loop Length Matching for Differential Traces When using capacitors to AC couple the input, care should be taken to minimize the pattern-dependant jitter (PDJ) associated with the low-frequency cutoff of the coupling network. When NRZ data containing long strings of 1s or 0s is applied to a high-pass filter, a voltage droop occurs. This voltage droop causes PDJ in much the same fashion as inter-symbol interference (ISI) is generated from dispersion effects of long lengths of backplane material. If needed, use 0.1 µF capacitors to AC-couple the high-speed output signals, and the reference clock inputs. The high-speed data input signals must be AC-coupled. On the Evaluation Module (EVM), we have tied DVdd_I/O and AVdd_I/O together to minimize the number of power supply jacks. They are kept separate on-device to give the flexibility to the system designers to supply a different voltage level for each. For instance, an FPGA can supply DVdd_I/O, while a lower AVdd_I/O can be used to minimize power dissipation. On the EVM, we have also tied DVdd_Core and AVdd_Core together to minimize the number of power supply jacks. They are kept separate on-device to provide more isolation, however, if the system board plane is properly decoupled, they can be tied together. No inductive filtering on the system board is necessary between different power supplies of the device. It is up to the system designer to determine if this needs to be considered for supplies that are coming from other parts of the system board (such as switching regulators or ASICs). An inductor should not be used at the VddT pins. These pins were made available to create a low AC impedance, such that the 50Ω on-device termination impedances see a common AC ground. This assures both common-mode and differential termination. Note that a low AC impedance can also be created by tying the VddT pins to the AVdd_Core plane, thus saving on the number of external capacitors. VddT is not really a supply plane on-device, it is simply the point to which the 50Ω input impedances are tied. Power planes should be decoupled to ground planes using thin dielectric layers, to increase capacitance (preferably 2-4 mils). Reference ground layers should be used on both sides of inner layer routing planes, with controlled impedance. The total board thickness should meet the standard drill holes to board thickness ratio of 1:12 or 1:14. 21050-DSH-001-F Mindspeed Technologies™ Mindspeed Proprietary and Confidential 57 M21050 Data Sheet Use 1/2 ounce copper clad on all layers, which is approximately 0.7 mils. Avoid placing solder mask and silk-screen on top of transmission lines, solder mask will add 1 - 2Ω to the overall impedance of the transmission line. Dielectric core material should be used wherever possible, as it will maintain its thickness and geometry during processing, better than pliable prepreg. The microwave ground should follow the transmission line from end to end, or from signal input to output. It is best to designate layers as dedicated microwave/circuit ground planes, and properly isolate them from other ground planes by providing adequate distance. All microwave ground planes should be tied together. Uncoupled microstrip transmission lines should be placed at a distance from each other of at least three times the transmission line width. Coupled microstrip transmission lines, such as differential signal pairs, must be placed close to each other and maintain the same separation distance throughout the board (separation distance of at most twice the trace width). For buried stripline transmission lines, it is good design practice to maintain equal distance between the conductor and the ground plane on both sides. During PCB manufacturing, over- and under-etching of traces used for transmission lines results in impedance discontinuities. Use of wide traces for transmission lines will reduce the impact of etching issues. Wide traces also help compensate for skin-effect losses in transmission lines. It should be noted, however, that the wider the traces in a differential pair, the thicker the underlying dielectric layer needs to be. Surface mount connectors are preferred over through-mount connectors. Connectors should be selected that have controlled characteristic impedances that match the characteristic impedances of the transmission lines. 58 Mindspeed Technologies™ Mindspeed Proprietary and Confidential 21050-DSH-001-F 4.0 Appendices 4.1 Glossary of Terms/Acronyms Table 4-1 contains a list of acronyms used in this data sheet. Table 4-1. Acronyms AIE Adaptive Input Equalization BER Bit-Error Rate BIST Built-In Self Test CDR Clock and Data Recovery array DRD Data-Rate Divider EVM Evaluation Module FLL Frequency Lock Loop FRA Frequency Reference Acquisition ISI Inter-Symbol Interference LOA Loss of Activity LOL Loss of Lock LOLCir Loss of Lock Circuitry MLF MicroLeadFrame NRW Narrow Reference Window PCB Printed Circuit Board PLL Phase Lock Loop RFD Reference Frequency Divider SONET Synchronous Optical Network VCD VCO Comparison Divider WRW Wide Reference Window XPTS Crosspoint Switch 21050-DSH-001-F Mindspeed Technologies™ Mindspeed Proprietary and Confidential 59 M21050 Data Sheet 4.2 Reference Documents 4.2.1 External The following external documents were referenced in this data sheet. • The I2C Bus Specification version 2.1 • InfiniBand Architecture Specification Volume 2 Release 1.1 • Fibre Channel - Methodologies for Jitter and Signal Quality Specification - MJSQ and FC-PI-2 • Application Notes for Surface Mount Assembly of Amkor’s MicroLeadFrame (MLF) Packages • Amkor Technology Thermal Test Report TT-00-06 4.2.2 Mindspeed The following Mindspeed documents were referenced in this data sheet. • M21050 Evaluation Module User Guide • Jitter tolerance and generation of Mindspeed Technologies crosspoint switches and clock and data recovery arrays 60 Mindspeed Technologies™ Mindspeed Proprietary and Confidential 21050-DSH-001-F © 2005, Mindspeed TechnologiesTM, Inc. 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