DATA SHEET SKY73077-459LF: 1500-2700 MHz Quadrature Modulator Applications Description • Cellular base station systems: GSM/EDGE, CDMA2000, W-CDMA, TD-SCDMA, LTE Skyworks SKY73077-459LF is an integrated quadrature modulator for the upconversion of complex modulated baseband/IF signals directly up to RF. The device is designed for use in the 1500 to 2700 MHz range. The high linearity, and excellent I/Q phase accuracy and amplitude balance of the SKY73077-459LF make it ideal for use in high performance communication systems. • WiMAX/broadband wireless access systems • Satellite modems Features • RF frequency operation range: 1500 to 2700 MHz • Modulation bandwidth > 65 MHz (0.1 dB), 210 MHz (1 dB) • Side-band suppression better than –40 dBc • Carrier feedthrough of –40 dBm • Noise floor of –158 dBm/Hz • Single supply: 4.75 to 5.25 V • QFN (24-pin, 4 x 4 mm) package (MSL1, 260 °C per JEDEC J-STD-020) The modulator accepts two differential baseband inputs and a single-ended Local Oscillator (LO), and generates a single-ended RF output. The baseband input buffers accept an input commonmode voltage of 0.5 V and have a 0.1 dB bandwidth of >65 MHz. The LO input is broadband matched on-chip to 50 Ω, which enables a direct connection to a 50 Ω LO source. The RF output is high impedance, designed for a direct connection to a 50 Ω load. Figure 1 shows a functional block diagram for the SKY73077459LF. The device package and pinout for the 24-pin Quad Flat No-Lead (QFN) package are shown in Figure 2. Signal pin assignments and functional pin descriptions are provided in Table 1. Figure 1. SKY73077-459LF Functional Block Diagram Skyworks Solutions, Inc. • Phone [781] 376-3000 • Fax [781] 376-3100 • [email protected] • www.skyworksinc.com 201122G • Skyworks Proprietary Information • Products and Product Information are Subject to Change Without Notice • May 3, 2011 1 DATA SHEET • SKY73077-459LF QUADRATURE MODULATOR Figure 2. SKY73077-459LF Pinout, 24-Pin QFN (Top View) Table 1. SKY73077-459LF Signal Descriptions Pin # 2 Name Description Pin # Name Description 1 GND Ground 13 RFOUT RF output. Pin should be AC-coupled to the load. 2 GND Ground 14 VCC +5 VDC supply 3 VCC +5 VDC supply 15 VCC +5 VDC supply 4 VCC +5 VDC supply 16 VCC +5 VDC supply 5 VCC +5 VDC supply 17 VCC +5 VDC supply 6 VCC +5 VDC supply 18 VCC +5 VDC supply 7 GND Ground 19 BBIP High impedance positive I input. Should be externally DC-biased to 0.5 V. 8 LOP 50 Ω single-ended positive LO input. Pin must be AC-coupled to the LO. 20 BBIN High impedance negative I input. Should be externally DC-biased to 0.5 V. 9 LON 50 Ω single-ended negative LO input. Pin must be AC-coupled to ground. 21 GND Ground 10 GND Ground 22 GND Ground 11 GND Ground 23 BBQP High impedance positive Q input. Should be externally DC-biased to 0.5 V. 12 GND Ground 24 BBQN High impedance negative Q input. Should be externally DC-biased to 0.5 V. Skyworks Solutions, Inc. • Phone [781] 376-3000 • Fax [781] 376-3100 • [email protected] • www.skyworksinc.com May 3, 2011 • Skyworks Proprietary Information • Products and Product Information are Subject to Change Without Notice • 201122G DATA SHEET • SKY73077-459LF QUADRATURE MODULATOR Technical Description Mixers The SKY73077-459LF is comprised of four main functional areas: the LO chain, the baseband input level shifters, the mixers, and the differential to single-ended converter. The SKY73077-459LF incorporates two Gilbert-type, doublebalanced mixers for both the In-Phase (I) and Quadrature (Q) channels. The differential output currents are summed together into an on-chip passive balun, which converts the differential signal to a single-ended output. LO Chain The LO chain consists of an input linear buffer, a polyphase quadrature phase splitter, and limiting amplifiers. The input buffer provides an internal 50 Ω match while generating an amplified differential signal to the polyphase splitters. Differential to Single-Ended Converter The LO can be driven either single-ended or differentially. For single-ended LO signals, the LON signal (pin 9) should be ACgrounded using a capacitor. Each quadrature LO signal is passed through limiting amplifiers before driving the mixers. The differential to single-ended converter is an on-chip passive balun that converts the differential mixer output signal to a singleended signal. The high impedance output of the balun is designed to interface directly to a 50 Ω load. If desired, an external matching network could be used for power matching between the balun and the 50 Ω load. Baseband Input Level Shifters Electrical and Mechanical Specifications The baseband inputs present a high input impedance while providing proper DC levels for the mixer inputs. The recommended DC voltage for the baseband common-mode voltage is 500 mV. The absolute maximum ratings of the SKY73077-459LF are provided in Table 2. The recommended operating conditions are specified in Table 3 and electrical specifications are provided in Tables 4, 5, and 6. Table 2. SKY73077-459LF Absolute Maximum Ratings Parameter Symbol Minimum Typical Maximum Units Supply voltage, +5 V VCC 5.5 V Supply current ICC 222 mA LO input power PLO +6 dBm Operating temperature TC Junction temperature TJ Storage temperature TSTG –40 –40 +85 °C +150 °C +125 °C Notes: Exposure to maximum rating conditions for extended periods may reduce device reliability. There is no damage to device with only one parameter set at the limit and all other parameters set at or below their nominal value. Exceeding any of the limits listed here may result in permanent damage to the device. Nominal thermal resistance (junction to case) is 5.1 °C/W. CAUTION: Although this device is designed to be as robust as possible, Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) can damage this device. This device must be protected at all times from ESD. Static charges may easily produce potentials of several kilovolts on the human body or equipment, which can discharge without detection. Industry-standard ESD precautions should be used at all times. The SKY73077-459LF ESD threshold level is 2500 VDC using Human Body Model (HBM) testing. This level applies to RF signal lines >100 MHz, analog and RF lines <100 MHz, digital lines, power supply lines, and ground pins. Skyworks Solutions, Inc. • Phone [781] 376-3000 • Fax [781] 376-3100 • [email protected] • www.skyworksinc.com 201122G • Skyworks Proprietary Information • Products and Product Information are Subject to Change Without Notice • May 3, 2011 3 DATA SHEET • SKY73077-459LF QUADRATURE MODULATOR Table 3. SKY73077-459LF Recommended Operating Conditions Parameter Symbol Minimum Typical Maximum Units 4.75 5.00 5.25 V Supply voltage, +5 V VCC Supply current ICC RF frequency VRF 1500 2700 MHz Baseband input frequency FBB 0 200 MHz LO input power PLO –6 +6 dBm LO frequency range FLO 1500 2700 MHz Operating case temperature TC –40 +85 °C 152 mA 0 Table 4. SKY73077-459LF Electrical Characteristics: RF Output (1 of 2) (Note 1) (VCC = 5 V, TA = 25 °C, LO Amplitude = 0 dBm, I/Q Amplitude = 1.4 Vpp differential, VCM = 0.5 V, FBB = 1 MHz, Unless Otherwise Noted) Parameter Symbol Test Conditions Min Typ Max Units DCS1800 and PCS1900, FRF = 1805 MHz to 1990 MHz RF output power (Note 2) POUT +7.6 dBm 1 dB Output Compression Point OP1dB +12 dBm Carrier feedthrough –47.2 dBm Sideband suppression –52.3 dBc 2nd harmonic (harmonic of baseband input) 2fo POUT = +6 dBm, harmonic output @ FLO ± 2FBB –58.3 dBc 3rd harmonic (harmonic of baseband input) 3fo POUT = +6 dBm, harmonic output @ FLO ± 3FBB –48.4 dBc 3rd Order Output Intercept Point OIP3 +28 dBm –158 –153 dBm/Hz dBm/Hz –15.3 dB Noise floor (GSM): without I/Q inputs with I/Q inputs @ 20 MHz, I/Q = 0 VDIFF @ 6 MHz, POUT = +5 dBm LO return loss UMTS Band I, FRF = 2110 MHz to 2170 MHz RF output power (Note 3) POUT +6 dBm 1 dB Output Compression Point OP1dB +10 dBm Carrier feedthrough –49 dBm Sideband suppression –49 dBc 2nd harmonic (harmonic of baseband input) 2fo Pout = +7.5 dBm, harmonic output @ FLO ± 2FBB –54 dBc 3rd harmonic (harmonic of baseband input) 3fo Pout = +7.5 dBm, harmonic output @ FLO ± 3FBB –48 dBc 3rd Order Output Intercept Point OIP3 +26 dBm @ 20 MHz, I/Q = 0 Vdiff –158.0 dBm/Hz @ 20 MHz, Pout = –10 dBm –157.5 dBm/Hz –15.3 dB Noise floor (WCDMA): without I/Q inputs with I/Q inputs LO return loss 4 Skyworks Solutions, Inc. • Phone [781] 376-3000 • Fax [781] 376-3100 • [email protected] • www.skyworksinc.com May 3, 2011 • Skyworks Proprietary Information • Products and Product Information are Subject to Change Without Notice • 201122G DATA SHEET • SKY73077-459LF QUADRATURE MODULATOR Table 4. SKY73077-459LF Electrical Characteristics: RF Output (2 of 2) (Note 1) (VCC = 5 V, TA = 25 °C, LO Amplitude = 0 dBm, I/Q Amplitude = 1.4 Vpp differential, VCM = 0.5 V, FBB = 1 MHz, Unless Otherwise Noted) Parameter Symbol Test Conditions Min Typ Max Units LTE Band VII, FRF = 2620 MHz to 2690 MHz RF output power (Note 4) POUT 1 dB Output Compression Point OP1dB Carrier feedthrough Sideband suppression +1.1 dBm +5.4 dBm –50.6 dBm –49.6 dBc 2nd harmonic (harmonic of baseband input) 2fo POUT = +4 dBm, harmonic output @ FLO ± 2FBB –55.9 dBc 3rd harmonic (harmonic of baseband input) 3fo POUT = +4 dBm, harmonic output @ FLO ± 3FBB –48.4 dBc 3rd Order Output Intercept Point OIP3 +20.6 dBm @ 20 MHz, I/Q = 0 VDIFF –161 dBm/Hz @ 20 MHz, POUT = +4 dBm –155 dBm/Hz –11.3 dB Noise floor: without I/Q inputs with I/Q inputs LO return loss Note 1: Performance is guaranteed only under the conditions listed in this Table. Note 2: While the device is specified to achieve +6 dBm RF output with sinusoidal baseband inputs, typical RF output power for normal GMSK operation is +4 dBm (single carrier power) or –9.5 dBm (multicarrier total power). Note 3: While the device is specified to achieve +7.5 dBm RF output with sinusoidal baseband inputs, typical RF output power for normal WCDMA operation is –6 dBm (single carrier) or –9 dBm (multicarrier total power). Note 4: While the device is specified to achieve +4 dBm RF output with sinusoidal baseband inputs, typical RF output power for normal LTE operation is –10 dBm. Skyworks Solutions, Inc. • Phone [781] 376-3000 • Fax [781] 376-3100 • [email protected] • www.skyworksinc.com 201122G • Skyworks Proprietary Information • Products and Product Information are Subject to Change Without Notice • May 3, 2011 5 DATA SHEET • SKY73077-459LF QUADRATURE MODULATOR Table 5. SKY73077-459LF Electrical Characteristics: LO Input (Note 1) (VCC = 5 V, TA = 25 °C, Unless Otherwise Noted) Parameter Symbol Test Conditions Min Typ Max Units –6 0 +6 dBm 2189.8 2079.8 1989.8 1879.8 MHz MHz MHz MHz +6 dBm DCS1800 and PCS1900, FRF = 1805 MHz to 1990 MHz LO drive level Single-ended LO port return loss 50 Ω single-ended LO frequency (Note 2) PCS1900 high side LO DCS1800 high side LO PCS1900 low side LO DCS1800 low side LO 15 1930.2 1805.2 1730.2 1605.2 dB UMTS Band I, FRF = 2110 MHz to 2170 MHz LO drive level Single-ended LO port return loss 50 Ω single-ended LO frequency (Note 3) Band I high side LO Band I low side LO –6 0 13 2110 1910 dB 2370 2170 MHz MHz +6 dBm 2690 MHz Max Units LTE Band VII, FRF = 2620 MHz to 2690 MHz LO drive level Single-ended LO port return loss 50 Ω single-ended LO frequency –6 0 13 2620 dB Note 1: Performance is guaranteed only under the conditions listed in this Table. Note 2: Covers single and multi-carrier operation for DCS1800 and PCS1900 bands. Note 3: Covers single and multi-carrier operation for WCDMA. Table 6. SKY73077-459LF Electrical Characteristics: Baseband Input (Note 1) (VCC = 5 V, TA = 25 °C, Unless Otherwise Noted) Parameter Baseband input DC bias common mode voltage Symbol Test Conditions VCM Min Typ 0.5 V I/Q input amplitude PP differential, sinusoidal RMS single-ended 1.4 V Differential input resistance Parallel 39.7 kΩ Differential input capacitance Parallel 3.6 pF 70 MHz I/Q input bandwidth (0.1 dB) (Note 2) Note 1: Performance is guaranteed only under the conditions listed in this Table. Note 2: Assuming a 50 Ω source. 6 Skyworks Solutions, Inc. • Phone [781] 376-3000 • Fax [781] 376-3100 • [email protected] • www.skyworksinc.com May 3, 2011 • Skyworks Proprietary Information • Products and Product Information are Subject to Change Without Notice • 201122G DATA SHEET • SKY73077-459LF QUADRATURE MODULATOR Evaluation Board Description Package Dimensions The SKY73077-459LF Evaluation Board is used to test the performance of the SKY73077-459LF quadrature modulator. An assembly drawing for the Evaluation Board is shown in Figure 3 and the layer detail is provided in Figure 4. An Evaluation Board schematic diagram is provided in Figure 5. Package dimensions for the 24-pin QFN are shown in Figure 6, and tape and reel dimensions are provided in Figure 7. Circuit Design Configurations The following design considerations are critical and must be followed regardless of final use or configuration: 1. Component C106 is an AC ground and should be placed as close as possible to pin 9 (LON) of the device. 2. Components C111 and C121 are bypass capacitors and should be placed as close as possible to one of the VCC pins, 14 through 18. 3. Components C104 and C125 are bypass capacitors and should be placed as close as possible to one of the VCC pins, 3 through 6. Package and Handling Information Instructions on the shipping container label regarding exposure to moisture after the container seal is broken must be followed. Otherwise, problems related to moisture absorption may occur when the part is subjected to high temperature during solder assembly. The SKY73077-459LF is rated to Moisture Sensitivity Level 1 (MSL1) at 260 °C. It can be used for lead or lead-free soldering. For additional information, refer to the Skyworks Application Note, Solder Reflow Information, document number 200164. Care must be taken when attaching this product, whether it is done manually or in a production solder reflow environment. Production quantities of this product are shipped in a standard tape and reel format. Figure 3. SKY73077-459LF Evaluation Board Assembly Diagram Skyworks Solutions, Inc. • Phone [781] 376-3000 • Fax [781] 376-3100 • [email protected] • www.skyworksinc.com 201122G • Skyworks Proprietary Information • Products and Product Information are Subject to Change Without Notice • May 3, 2011 7 DATA SHEET • SKY73077-459LF QUADRATURE MODULATOR Figure 4. SKY73077-459LF Evaluation Board Layer Detail 8 Skyworks Solutions, Inc. • Phone [781] 376-3000 • Fax [781] 376-3100 • [email protected] • www.skyworksinc.com May 3, 2011 • Skyworks Proprietary Information • Products and Product Information are Subject to Change Without Notice • 201122G Figure 5. SKY73077-459LF Application Schematic DATA SHEET • SKY73077-459LF QUADRATURE MODULATOR Skyworks Solutions, Inc. • Phone [781] 376-3000 • Fax [781] 376-3100 • [email protected] • www.skyworksinc.com 201122G • Skyworks Proprietary Information • Products and Product Information are Subject to Change Without Notice • May 3, 2011 9 DATA SHEET • SKY73077-459LF QUADRATURE MODULATOR Figure 6. SKY73077-459LF 24-Pin QFN Package Dimensions Figure 7. SKY73077-459LF Tape and Reel Dimensions 10 Skyworks Solutions, Inc. • Phone [781] 376-3000 • Fax [781] 376-3100 • [email protected] • www.skyworksinc.com May 3, 2011 • Skyworks Proprietary Information • Products and Product Information are Subject to Change Without Notice • 201122G DATA SHEET • SKY73077-459LF QUADRATURE MODULATOR Ordering Information Model Name SKY73077-459LF 1500-2700 MHz Quadrature Modulator Manufacturing Part Number SKY73077-459LF Evaluation Board Part Number TW18-D562-001 Copyright © 2009, 2010, 2011 Skyworks Solutions, Inc. 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Skyworks Solutions, Inc. • Phone [781] 376-3000 • Fax [781] 376-3100 • [email protected] • www.skyworksinc.com 201122G • Skyworks Proprietary Information • Products and Product Information are Subject to Change Without Notice • May 3, 2011 11